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2012, Asian Pacific Journal of Reproduction
Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology
Aphrodisiac effect of aqueous root extract of Lecaniodiscus cupanioides in sexually impaired rats2014 •
Background and Aim: Lecaniodiscus cupanioides is one of the numerous plants therapeutically used in Southwestern Nigeria for controlling and curing several health complications. In this study, the in vivo effects of the ethanolic extract of L. cupanioides on sperm morphology of albino mice were investigated. Materials and Methods: Fifteen mice (18.2g to 24.8g) were divided into 3 groups of 5 mice. The treatment groups were orally administered 100 and 400mg/kg of the extract, and the control group received distilled water for 49 days. At the expiration of exposure, the mice were sacrificed by jugular puncture. Epididymis and testes were harvested for sperm cytological analysis and testes histology. Results: Fourteen types of sperm morphological abnormalities observed included: no hook, head with double tails, knobbed hook, amorphous head, bent hook, hook at wrong angle, tail folded over head, pin head, bananashaped head, tail with no head (prominent), tail with double heads, head with triple tails, wrong tail attachment and head with no tail. Incidence was not significantly different from the control. Furthermore, no correlation between the dose level of the administered drug and incidence of abnormal sperms was observed. Hence, various abnormalities might probably be adduced to natural mistakes during differentiation in spermiogenesis, chromosomal aberration during packaging of genetic material in sperm head, occurrence of small deletions and point mutation during spermatogenesis. Histology of the testes did not show any malformation or alteration, which implies a highly conserved histoachitecture. Conclusion: This suggests that the extract might be devoid of any toxic effect on the male reproductive organs and sperms at the doses evaluated within the exposure period.
According to the literature, approximately 32% of adult males in developing countries suffer from infertility, however, majority of them use herbal remedies with reported benefits such as improved sperm quality, sexual functions, libido and testosterone levels. Recently, the World Health Organization emphasized the importance of documenting active medicinal plants used in various continents. Therefore, this present review focused on the phytochemistry of medicinal plants reported for the treatment of low sperm count in Oluponna area of Osun state, documented in an ancestral local record. Thirteen medicinal plants were documented to be used for management of low sperm count among men in this community. The plants listed in the document belong to ten families and 12 genera. The most cited family in this record is Apocynaceae with three species of plants namely, Alstonia boonei, Laidolphia dulcis, and Rauwolfia vomitoria respectively. Since this is the first review on the documentation of an ancestral knowledge and application of medicinal plants as means of passing the knowledge from a generation to another in Oluponna, additional toxicological and pharmacological studies are hereby recommended in order to provide scientific rationale for the long-term knowledge and use of these plants.
This study was designed to determine the effects of prolonged oral administration of aqueous leaf extract of Leptadenia hastata Pers (Decne) on sperm concentration, sperm motility and testicular histology in Wistar rats. Rats were given graded doses (200, 400, 600 and 800 mg kg-1) of aqueous leaf extract of L. hastata orally for 28 days. Weekly changes in sperm concentration and motility as well as testicular weight and histology were monitored. Sperm concentration, motility and testicular weights did not show significant change (p>0.05) among the groups, but a significant difference (p<0.05) exist between control group and the group that had the highest dose (800 mg/kg) of L. hastata. Histopathological studies revealed marked depletion of spermatozoa in the testes and epididymis of rats that received 800 mg/kg of L. hastata. Prolonged administration of aqueous leaf extract of L. hastata at 800 mg/kg caused a reduction in total sperm concentration, sperm motility and a reduction in testicular weight in rats.
Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine
Medicinal Plants Used in the Management of Sexual Dysfunction, Infertility and Improving Virility in the East African Community: A Systematic Review2023 •
Sexual disorders such as erectile dysfunction (ED), sterility, and sexual inappetence represent some of the complex reproductive challenges that require addressing the underlying causes. Te aim of this paper was to systematically synthesize literature on the ethnobotany, phytochemistry, bioactivities, and safety of plants used as remedies for managing sexual dysfunction and infertility, and improving fertility and virility in the EAC. Trough an extensive review conducted in multidisciplinary electronic databases, 171 plant species were identifed to have been reported for the management of sexual inappetence (i.e., used as aphrodisiacs, 39.4%), ED (35.9%), infertility (18.7%), and increasing fertility (6.0%). Te most used plants are Mondia whitei, Acalypha villicaulis, Combretum illairii, Erythrina abyssinica, Pappea capensis, Rhus vulgaris, and Warburgia ugandensis while roots (44.9%), leaves (21.8%), stem and root barks (16.7%) of shrubs (35%), trees (31%), herbs (26%), and climbers (8%) are the preferred organs for making decoctions (69%). Te research strides to date indicate that Citropsis articulata, Cola acuminata, Ekebergia capensis, Plumbago zeylanica, Tarenna graveolens, Urtica massaica, and Zingiber ofcinale have been assessed for their bioactivity. Te majority (71.4%) of the plants either increased testosterone levels and mounting frequency or elicited prosexual stimulatory efects in male rats. More studies investigating the relevant pharmacological activities (aphrodisiac, fertility, and phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitory activities), safety aspects, responsible compounds, and clinical studies are warranted to establish the pharmacological potential of the unstudied species and elucidate the mechanism of action of the bioactive compounds.
South African Journal of Botany
Sexual prowess from nature: A systematic review of medicinal plants used as aphrodisiacs and sexual dysfunction in sub-Saharan Africa2019 •
2020 •
Objective: Some age-long plants are currently used as aphrodisiacs. Allium cepa, Allium sativum, Garcinia cola and Cola acuminata, used ethnomedicinally in Nigeria for enhancement of libido and erectile dysfunction, were evaluated. Methods: Aqueous-ethanol extracts (50, 100, 150 mg/kg) were subcutaneously administered to six groups of male rats. Normal saline (5 mL/kg, ip) and testosterone (1 mg/kg, sc) were negative and positive controls, respectively. Another group received testosterone (1 mg/kg, sc) and 10 min later, the extract (100 mg/kg, sc). Eight hours thereafter, the male rats were introduced to females with pre-determined oestrous cycle and Mount (MF), Erection (EF) and Intromission (IF) frequencies, Mount (ML), Intromission (IL) and Ejaculatory (EL) Latencies, Post Ejaculatory Interval (PEI) and Lordosis were recorded. Results: Testosterone induced increased sexual frequencies that were comparable (p>0.05) to those of G. cola but significantly (p<0.05) higher than t...
The objective of this investigation was to assess the effects of ethanolic extract of Khaya senegalensis stem bark on some sperm parameters in male albino rats. Male rats were grouped into five: A, B, C, D and E. Group A (Control) was administered, orally, 1 ml of distilled water (vehicle), while B, C, D and E (test groups) were administered orally daily graded doses of 50, 100, 150 and 200 mg/kg body weight of the plant extract for 28 days respectively. The study showed a significant (P<0.05) dose-dependent decrease in testicular weight, total sperm count and sperm motility and a significant (P<0.05) increase in nonmotile spermatozoa and sperm abnormalities as compared to the control. This conformed to the histopathological findings in the testes which was characterized by depletion of spermatogenic cells and loss of architecture of the semineferous tubules. It was concluded that alterations brought about by the ethanolic extract of Khaya senegalensis stem bark are indicators of severe effects on the testes and on spermatogenic activity which could lead to infertility in males. KEYWORDS: Khaya senegalensis, ethanolic extract, reproduction, testes, albino rats
BioMed Research International
A Review on Plants Used for Improvement of Sexual Performance and Virility2014 •
The use of plant or plant-based products to stimulate sexual desire and to enhance performance and enjoyment is almost as old as the human race itself. The present paper reviews the active, natural principles, and crude extracts of plants, which have been useful in sexual disorders, have potential for improving sexual behaviour and performance, and are helpful in spermatogenesis and reproduction. Review of refereed journals and scientific literature available in electronic databases and traditional literature available in India was extensively performed. The work reviews correlation of the evidence with traditional claims, elucidation, and evaluation of a plausible concept governing the usage of plants as aphrodisiac in total. Phytoconstituents with known structures have been classified in appropriate chemical groups and the active crude extracts have been tabulated. Data on their pharmacological activity, mechanism of action, and toxicity are reported. The present review provides a...
In Sub-Saharan Africa, herbal medicines are commonly used for prevention or treatment of illnesses, including erectile dysfunction. Contemporary medicines used to manage erectile dysfunction are not only inaccessible to local populations, but also impose significant out-of-pocket expenditure on patients. Herbal medicines offer alternatives for alleviating erectile dysfunction, which has clinical, psychological and societal consequences. Regardless, there are increasing concerns about the safety and/or toxicity of herbal medicines. In this study, the toxicity of aqueous extracts of four herbs, commonly used in southwestern Uganda, to manage erectile dysfunction, was investigated. Acute and sub-chronic toxicity studies were conducted following the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) guidelines for toxicity study. All four plants extracts were found safe at single dose exposure up to the limit dose of 5000 mg/kg. Extracts of Cola acuminate reduced the weights o...
HortScience
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arXiv (Cornell University)
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SPIRIT MEDICINE: NATIVE AMERICAN USES OF COMMON EVERLASTING (PSEUDOGNAPHALIUM OBTUSIFOLIUM) IN EASTERN NORTH AMERICA
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