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2015, Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine
Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine
Evaluation of Antibacterial and Antifungal Properties ofAlchornea laxiflora(Benth.) Pax. Hoffman2015 •
Alchornea laxifloraleaf extract was tested against a range of microorganisms using standard microbiological methods for antimicrobial activities. The extract inhibited the growth of all the bacterial and 15 fungal isolates tested. The zones of inhibition exhibited against the test bacteria ranged between 12 mm and 24 mm and between 11 mm and 24 mm for the extract and the antibiotic streptomycin, respectively. The zones of inhibition observed against the fungal isolates by the extract ranged between 12 mm and 23 mm. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and the minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) exhibited by the extract against test bacteria ranged between 0.78 mg/mL–25 mg/mL and 1.56 mg/mL–25 mg/mL, respectively, while the MICs and minimum fungicidal concentrations (MFCs) values for the test fungi ranged between 8.75 mg/mL–35.00 mg/mL and 8.75 mg/mL–35.00 mg/L, respectively. The preliminary phytochemical screening of the extract revealed the presence of alkaloids, tan...
2014 •
Copyright © 2015 David A. Akinpelu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Alchornea laxiflora leaf extract was tested against a range of microorganisms using standard microbiological methods for antimicrobial activities. The extract inhibited the growth of all the bacterial and 15 fungal isolates tested. The zones of inhibition exhibited against the test bacteria ranged between 12mm and 24mm and between 11mm and 24mm for the extract and the antibiotic streptomycin, respectively. The zones of inhibition observed against the fungal isolates by the extract ranged between 12mm and 23mm. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and the minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) exhibited by the extract against test bacteria ranged between 0.78mg/mL–25mg/mL and 1.56mg/mL–25mg/mL, respectively, while theMI...
Proceedings of the Nigerian Academy of Science
Antimicrobial potency of Euphorbia heterophylla against selected clinical isolatesReports on the antimicrobial potentials of Euphorbia heterophylla are scanty globally. This study investigated the antimicrobial effects of E. heterophylla against microorganisms of clinical importance. Cold water, hot water, chloroform and methanol extracts of the leaf, stem and fruit of E. heterophylla were obtained. The phytochemical properties of the plant parts were determined, and antimicrobial analyses of extracts investigated against sixteen clinical isolates, in accordance with standard procedures. The microorganisms tested were nine clinical bacterial strains which included Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas aeruginosa NCIB 950, Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, Escherichia coli NCIB 86, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus aureus NCIB 8588, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Serratia marcescens, and seven fungal strains which were Candida albicans, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus parasiticus, Trichoderma viride, Trichophyton rubrum, and Malassezia furfur...
Dermatology Research and Practice
Prevalence of Dermatophytosis and Antifungal Activity of Ethanolic Crude Leaf Extract of Tetradenia riparia against Dermatophytes Isolated from Patients Attending Kampala International University Teaching Hospital, UgandaDermatophyte infections are a global health problem but neglected in Uganda. This work aimed at determining prevalence of dermatophytosis and antifungal activity of ethanolic crude leaf extract of Tetradenia riparia against dermatophytes isolated from patients attending Kampala International University Teaching Hospital (KIU-TH), Uganda. A total of 100 samples of skin and nail scrapings were collected and processed using standard microscopy (KOH) and cultural methods. T. riparia leaves were collected and processed with 95% ethanol using standard extraction method. The crude leaves ethanolic extract was tested against three dermatophytes: Trichophyton tonsurans, T. mentagrophyte, and Microsporum audouinii using modified agar well diffusion method. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of the ethanolic leaves crude extract were also determined using broth tube dilution and culture, respectively. Out of 100 samples collected, 49 (49%, 95%CI: ...
Asian Journal of Applied Sciences
Antimicrobial, Antioxidant Activities in vitro and Polyphenol Contents of the Leaf Extract of a Versatile Medicinal Plant2017 •
This study assessed polyphenolic contents, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the solvent fractions obtained from Combretum racemosum leaf extract. Liquid-liquid extraction method was employed to separate the crude aqueous methanolic leaf extract of C. racemosum into n-hexane, dichloromethane (DCM), ethyl acetate (EtOAc) and n-butanol (n-BuOH) fractions. Antibacterial activities were determined using agar- well diffusion and agar dilution methods. In vitro free radical scavenging activity of the fractions was measured by 2, 2-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl dihydrazyl (DPPH), ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and nitric oxide (NO) assays. MIC of the EtOAc fraction ranged from 0.63 mg/ml to 1.25 mg/ml while that of n-BuOH and DCM fractions ranged from 0.31mg/ml to 1.25 mg/ml and 0.31 mg/ml to 0.63 mg/ml respectively. The n-BuOH fraction contains highest phenolic compounds (phenol and flavonoids), followed by EtOAc, crude, ...
Journal of Ethnopharmacology
Memory enhancing, anticholinesterase and antimicrobial activities of β-phenylnitroethane and essential oil of Dennettia tripetala Baker f2019 •
The present study assessed the cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities of Lecaniodicus cupanioides leaf extract, evaluated its killing rate and also determined the presence of certain phytochemicals. The antimicrobial activities were assessed via a susceptibility test and by determination of minimum bacteriotastic and bactericidal concentrations. The killing rate was evaluated at regular intervals over a 2h-period under different concentrations and the cytotoxicity was measured through a brine shrimp lethality test. Zones of inhibition exhibited by the extract at 20 mg/ml ranged between 20±0.00 and 23±0.58 mm against both bacteria and yeast isolates. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were between 1.25 and 2.50 mg/ml against bacteria and 0.63 and 1.25 mg/ml against yeasts. The minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) ranged from 2.50 to 5.00 mg/ml (bacteria) and 1.25 to 2.5 mg/ml (yeasts). At a concentration of 1×MIC after 15 min of contact time, the mortality against Shigella sonnei (ATCC 29930), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538) and Candida albicans as representative isolates were 52.3, 60.0 and 40.0%, respectively. Total mortality was achieved against S. sonnei (ATCC 29930) at a concentration of 2×MIC after 120 min of contact time while that of S. aureus (ATCC 6538) was achieved after 90 min of contact time at 3×MIC. Percentage mortality against the C. albicans after 120 min under a concentration of 3×MIC was 94.4%. The lethality concentrations at LC50 and LC90 of the leaf extract were 4.255 and 36.766 µg/ml, respectively. The results obtained support the therapeutic significance of L. cupanioides leaf extract and could be a veritable source of affordable broad spectrum antimicrobial and anti-tumour agent. Keywords: inhibition zones; killing rate; lethal concentration; minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs); minimum bacterial concentrations (MBCs)
The Scientific World Journal
Persea americanaGlycolic Extract:In VitroStudy of Antimicrobial Activity againstCandida albicansBiofilm and Cytotoxicity Evaluation2015 •
This study evaluated the antifungal activity ofPersea americanaextract onCandida albicansbiofilm and its cytotoxicity in macrophage culture (RAW 264.7). To determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), microdilution in broth (CLSI M27-S4 protocol) was performed. Thereafter, the concentrations of 12.5, 25, 50, 100, and 200 mg/mL(n=10)with 5 min exposure were analyzed on mature biofilm in microplate wells for 48 h. Saline was used as control(n=10). After treatment, biofilm cells were scraped off and dilutions were plated on Sabouraud dextrose agar. After incubation (37°C/48 h), the values of colony forming units per milliliter (CFU/mL) were converted to log10and analyzed (ANOVA and Tukey test, 5%). The cytotoxicity of theP. americanaextract was evaluated on macrophages by MTT assay. The MIC of the extract was 6.25 mg/mL and with 12.5 mg/mL there was elimination of 100% of planktonic cultures. Regarding the biofilms, a significant reduction(P<0.001)of the biofilm at concentr...
International Journal of Microbiology
In VitroAntimicrobial Activity of Essential Oil ofThymus schimperi,Matricaria chamomilla,Eucalyptus globulus, andRosmarinus officinalis2016 •
In this study, thein vitroantimicrobial activities of four plant essential oils (T. schimperi,E. globulus,R. officinalis, andM. Chamomilla) were evaluated against bacteria and fungi. The studies were carried out using agar diffusion method for screening the most effective essential oils and agar dilution to determine minimum inhibitory concentration of the essential oils. Results of this study revealed that essential oils ofT. schimperi,E. globulus, andR. officinaliswere active against bacteria and some fungi. The antimicrobial effect ofM. chamomillawas found to be weaker and did not show any antimicrobial activity. The minimum inhibitory concentration values ofT. schimperiwere<15.75 mg/mL for most of the bacteria and fungi used in this study. The minimum inhibitory concentration values of the other essential oils were in the range of 15.75–36.33 mg/mL against tested bacteria. This study highlighted the antimicrobial activity of the essential oil ofE. globulus,M. chamomilla,T. Sc...
2018 •
Scurrula ferruginea is widely distributed in Southeast Asian countries and has commonly been used as a medicinal plant to treat many diseases caused by microbes. This study wasconducted to evaluate the effect of using various solvents extractions on S. ferruginea leaves and their antimicrobial activities. Oven dried (60°C) leaves of S. ferruginea wereextracted with aqueous and organic solvents. Antimicrobial activities of the extracts were tested against Staphylococcus aureus S261, Escherichia coli E57, Candida albicans C205 and Trichophyton rubrum T62 using Disc Diffusion Method, Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) and Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (MFC) respectively. The ideal solvent was 80% methanol with values of the zone of inhibition ranging from 7.98 to 9.71 mm and 450 to 900μg/mL (MIC and MBC) for S. aureus and E. coli, respectively. The present findings revealed that the leaves of S. ferruginea have inhibitory effects on seve...
2008 •
International Journal of Microbiology
Antimicrobial Activities of a Plethora of Medicinal Plant Extracts and Hydrolates against Human Pathogens and Their Potential to Reverse Antibiotic Resistance2015 •
The Scientific World Journal
Antimicrobial Importance of Medicinal Plants in Nigeria2020 •
BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine
Evaluation of the cytotoxic effect and antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral activities of Hypericum triquetrifolium Turra essential oils from Tunisia2013 •
Advances in Chemistry
Synthesis and Antimicrobial Studies of Pyrimidine Pyrazole Heterocycles2014 •
2020 •
Afr. J. Biomed. Res.
Phytochemical, Antimicrobial and Toxicity Assessment of Dacryodes edulis (G. Don.) H. J. Lam Leaf Extracts2022 •
2014 •
British Microbiology Research Journal
In vitro Antifungal Efficacies of Ethyl Acetate Fractions of Mitracarpus villosus from Abuja, Nigeria2015 •
BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine
Probable mechanisms of biocidal action of Cocos nucifera Husk extract and fractions on bacteria isolates2015 •
Journal of Advances in Microbiology
Studies of Bioactive Potentials of the Root Extracts of Elaeis guineensis Jacq. against Pathogens Implicated in Wound InfectionsInternational Journal of Phytomedicine
Appraisal of the Constituent Plant Materials in a Ghanaian Antifungal Herbal Product; An in vitro Interactive Combination Analysis and a Pilot Clinical Study to Determine Efficacy2019 •
2009 •
Indian Journal of Materials Science
Biosynthesis, Characterization, and Antidermatophytic Activity of Silver Nanoparticles Using Raamphal Plant (Annona reticulata) Aqueous Leaves Extract2014 •
International journal of biomaterials
Modeling and Synthesis of Ag and Ag/Ni Allied Bimetallic Nanoparticles by Green Method: Optical and Biological Properties2018 •
African Journal of Microbiology Research
Antimicrobial properties of Moringa Stenopetala seed oil2022 •
The Scientific World Journal
Evaluation of the Antibacterial and Antifungal Potential ofPeltophorum africanum: Toxicological Effect on Human Chang Liver Cell Line2013 •
International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences
Antibacterial and antifungal activities of methanol extracts of Desmodium adscendens root and Bombax buonopozense leaves2013 •
Journal of Intercultural Ethnopharmacology
Antimicrobial activity of Nigerian medicinal plants2017 •
Journal of Chemistry
Chemical Composition and Cytotoxic and Antioxidant Activities of Satureja montana L. Essential Oil and Its Antibacterial Potential against Salmonella Spp. Strains2013 •
2017 •
2010 •
Acta Botanica Gallica
Antimicrobial and antioxidant activities ofSeneciospecies growing in the Black Sea region, Turkey2008 •
Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine
Antimicrobial Evaluation of Latex and TLC Fractions from the Leaves of Aloe adigratana ReynoldsBritish journal of pharmaceutical research
Plants in Respiratory Disorders II- Antitussives, A Review2017 •
BioMed Research International
Update on Medicinal Plants with Potency onMycobacterium ulcerans2015 •
Phytochemical analysis and in vitro antimicrobial assay of the methanolic stem bark extract of Boswellia dalzielii Hutch.(Euphorbiacea)
CODEN(USA): CRJHA5 Phytochemical Analysis and In vitro Antimicrobial Assay of the Methanolic Stem Bark Extract of Boswellia dalzielii Hutch. (Burseraceae2018 •
Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine
Antifungal Activity of Maytenin and Pristimerin2012 •
E-Journal of Chemistry
Isolation, Characterization and Antibacterial Activity Screening of Anthocyanidine Glycosides fromAlchornea Cordifolia(Schumach. and Thonn.) Mull. Arg. Leaves2010 •
2015 •
2015 •
Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine
In Vitro Antibacterial, Antifungal, Antibiofilm, Antioxidant, and Anticancer Properties of Isosteviol Isolated from Endangered Medicinal Plant Pittosporum tetraspermum