- Pterygota: Winged True Insects

Presentation on theme: "- Pterygota: Winged True Insects"— Presentation transcript:

1 - Pterygota: Winged True Insects
- Paleoptera: Ephemeroptera and Odonata - Neoptera: wings fold flat onto back - Exopterygota (simple metamorphosis) - Orthopteroida (mandibulate mouthparts, large anal lobe in the hind wing) (Blattodea and Mantodea)

2 - Pterygota: Winged True Insects
- Paleoptera: Ephemeroptera and Odonata - Neoptera: wings fold flat onto back - Exopterygota (simple metamorphosis) - Orthopteroida (mandibulate mouthparts, large anal lobe in the hind wing) ORDER: Plecoptera – Stoneflies - aquatic larvae with thoracic gills and two caudal filaments (cerci)

3 - Pterygota: Winged True Insects
- Paleoptera: Ephemeroptera and Odonata - Neoptera: wings fold flat onto back - Exopterygota (simple metamorphosis) - Orthopteroida (mandibulate mouthparts, large anal lobe in the hind wing) ORDER: Plecoptera – Stoneflies - aquatic larvae with thoracic gills and two caudal filaments (cerci) - nymphs feed on plants and algae; some are predaceous and / or omnivorous

4 ORDER: Plecoptera – Stoneflies
- aquatic larvae with thoracic gills and two caudal filaments (cerci) - nymphs feed on plants and algae; some are predaceous and / or omnivorous - many adults don’t feed; they are soft-bodied and poor fliers. Wings are folded back over abdomen, and hind wing has a large anal lobe. Found near water.

5 ORDER: Plecoptera – Stoneflies
Two groups (by classification, not phylogenetically) distinguished by the relative sizes of glossae and paraglossae

6 Both like this

7 ORDER: Plecoptera – Stoneflies
Glossae and paraglossae about the same size: Pteronarcyidae – Giant Stoneflies (10 sp.) - very large, may reach 55 mm in length! - larvae with gill remnants on the first two abdominal segs. - 3 ocelli; basal segment of tarsi shorter than 3rd (distal) segment

8 ORDER: Plecoptera – Stoneflies
Glossae and paraglossae about the same size: Pteronarcyidae – Giant Stoneflies Peltoperlidae – Roach-like Stoneflies (17) - glossae same size but no abdominal gills, 2 ocelli, basal tarsus shorter than 3rd

9 ORDER: Plecoptera – Stoneflies
Glossae and paraglossae about the same size: Pteronarcyidae – Giant Stoneflies Peltoperlidae – Roach-like Stoneflies Taeniopterygidae – Winter stoneflies (33) - glossae same size, tarsal segments are equal in length; in some the wingpads are highly divergent (though like this in other families, too).

10 ORDER: Plecoptera – Stoneflies
Glossae and paraglossae about the same size: Pteronarcyidae – Giant Stoneflies Peltoperlidae – Roach-like Stoneflies Taeniopterygidae – Winter stoneflies Nemouridae – Spring Stoneflies (64) - glossae equal, tarsal length goes 2nd (shortest), third, basal (longest) - cerci short, wings flat at rest - larvae may have cervical gills

11 ORDER: Plecoptera – Stoneflies
Glossae and paraglossae about the same size: Pteronarcyidae – Giant Stoneflies Peltoperlidae – Roach-like Stoneflies Taeniopterygidae – Winter stoneflies Nemouridae – Spring Stoneflies Leuctridae – Rolled-wing Stoneflies (52) - short cerci in adult; wings roll around abdomen - glossae equal, tarsal length goes 2nd (shortest), third, basal (longest)

12 ORDER: Plecoptera – Stoneflies
Glossae and paraglossae about the same size: Pteronarcyidae – Giant Stoneflies Peltoperlidae – Roach-like Stoneflies Taeniopterygidae – Winter stoneflies Nemouridae – Spring Stoneflies Leuctridae – Rolled-wing Stoneflies Capniidae – Small winter stoneflies (131) - glossae equal, tarsal length goes 2nd (shortest), third, basal (longest) - adults with long cerci

13 ORDER: Plecoptera – Stoneflies
Glossae and paraglossae small and different in size:

14 ORDER: Plecoptera – Stoneflies
Glossae and paraglossae small and different in size: Perlidae – Common Stoneflies (44) - Larvae with highly branched gills on side and venter of thorax

15 ORDER: Plecoptera – Stoneflies
Glossae and paraglossae small and different in size: Perlidae – Common Stoneflies (44) - Larvae with highly branched gills on side and venter of thorax - Larvae highly patterned; adults with remnants of branched gills

16 ORDER: Plecoptera – Stoneflies
Glossae and paraglossae small and different in size: Perlidae – Common Stoneflies Perlodidae – Perlodid Stoneflies (114) - adult with pronotum rectangular or slightly rounded

17 ORDER: Plecoptera – Stoneflies
Glossae and paraglossae small and different in size: Perlidae – Common Stoneflies Perlodidae – Perlodid Stoneflies (114) - adult with pronotum rectangular or slightly rounded - no gills on thorax, patterned thorax, longer cerci than Chloroperlidae

18 ORDER: Plecoptera – Stoneflies
Glossae and paraglossae small and different in size: Perlidae – Common Stoneflies Perlodidae – Perlodid Stoneflies Chloroperlidae – Green Stoneflies (72) - Adults are usually yellow or green!! YAY!!

19 ORDER: Plecoptera – Stoneflies
Glossae and paraglossae small and different in size: Perlidae – Common Stoneflies Perlodidae – Perlodid Stoneflies Chloroperlidae – Green Stoneflies (72) - Adults are usually yellow or green!! YAY!! - no gills on thorax, thorax that is not patterned, shorter cerci than Perlodidae

20 ORDER: Plecoptera – Stoneflies
Phylogeny of Stoneflies

21 - Pterygota: Winged True Insects
- Paleoptera: Ephemeroptera and Odonata - Neoptera: wings fold flat onto back - Exopterygota (simple metamorphosis) - Orthopteroida (mandibulate mouthparts, large anal lobe in the hind wing) (Blattodea and Mantodea)

22 ORDER: Orthoptera – Grasshoppers, Katydids, and Crickets
- most adults and nymphs feed on plant material, although some are predatory and some are scavengers. - most are winged – with four wings in which the front wings are leathery ‘tegmina’ (singular is ‘tegmen’). The wings fold fan-like over the back. There are several families with exclusively western distributions… we’ll forget about those!!

23 ORDER: Orthoptera – Grasshoppers, Katydids, and Crickets
- Suborder Caelifera – “short-horned” grasshoppers (short antennae) 1. Romaleidae – Lubber Grasshoppers (1 in east) – Romalea microptera (Beauvois) Huge (to 75mm) with reduced wings; hind wing red with black border.

24 ORDER: Orthoptera – Grasshoppers, Katydids, and Crickets
- Suborder Caelifera – “short-horned” grasshoppers (short antennae) Romaleidae – Lubber Grasshoppers Acrididae – Grasshoppers (>300 sp) - like other families in the suborder, antennae are short, tarsi are 3-segmented, auditory organ on first abdominal segment

25 ORDER: Orthoptera – Grasshoppers, Katydids, and Crickets
Romaleidae – Lubber Grasshoppers Acrididae – Grasshoppers - like other families in the suborder, antennae are short, tarsi are 3-segmented, auditory organ on first abdominal segment - pronotum short – only covers thorax

26 ORDER: Orthoptera – Grasshoppers, Katydids, and Crickets
Romaleidae – Lubber Grasshoppers Acrididae – Grasshoppers - like other families in the suborder, antennae are short, tarsi are 3-segmented, auditory organ on first abdominal segment - “call” two ways – some ‘stridulate’ by rubbing file on hind femur against the wing…. sound Sounds and picture from:

27 ORDER: Orthoptera – Grasshoppers, Katydids, and Crickets
Romaleidae – Lubber Grasshoppers Acrididae – Grasshoppers - like other families in the suborder, antennae are short, tarsi are 3-segmented, auditory organ on first abdominal segment - “call” two ways – some ‘stridulate’ by rubbing file on hind femur against the wing…. In North America, these are limited to the subfamily Gomphocerinae – the stridulating grasshoppers … they have a slanted face (but short antennae)

28 ORDER: Orthoptera – Grasshoppers, Katydids, and Crickets
Romaleidae – Lubber Grasshoppers Acrididae – Grasshoppers - like other families in the suborder, antennae are short, tarsi are 3-segmented, auditory organ on first abdominal segment - “call” two ways – others in one subfamily (Oedinpodinae – “Banded-winged grasshoppers”) clap wings in flight…. sound Sounds and picture from:

29 ORDER: Orthoptera – Grasshoppers, Katydids, and Crickets
Romaleidae – Lubber Grasshoppers Acrididae – Grasshoppers - like other families in the suborder, antennae are short, tarsi are 3-segmented, auditory organ on first abdominal segment - “call” two ways – some ‘stridulate’ by rubbing file on hind femur against the wing; others ‘call’ by clapping their wings in flight - extremely important as agricultural pets. From the locusts to the more speciose ‘spur-throated grasshoppers’, they can reach plague populations and devastate crop production. video

30

31 ORDER: Orthoptera – Grasshoppers, Katydids, and Crickets
Romaleidae – Lubber Grasshoppers Acrididae – Grasshoppers Tetrigidae – Pygmy Grasshoppers (27) - easy to distinguish because their pronotum is long and covers the abdomen From: John R. Meyer, North Carolina State University.

32 ORDER: Orthoptera – Grasshoppers, Katydids, and Crickets
- Suborder Ensifera: the ‘long-horned’ grasshoppers, with antennae that are long and filametous, often langer than the body. The auditory organs are on the inside of the front tibia. Many with a long ovipositor.

33 ORDER: Orthoptera – Grasshoppers, Katydids, and Crickets
Tettigoniidae – Katydids (265) - long filamentous antennae, long ovipositors, tympani on front tibae, 4-seg tarsi. - most species stridulate by rubbing file on one wing against the other. Songs at:

34

35 ORDER: Orthoptera – Grasshoppers, Katydids, and Crickets
Tettigoniidae – Katydids (265) - long filamentous antennae, long ovipositors, tympani on front tibae, 4-seg tarsi. - most species stridulate by rubbing file on one wing against the other. Shield-backed katydid Cone-headed katydid

36 ORDER: Orthoptera – Grasshoppers, Katydids, and Crickets
Tettigoniidae – Katydids Rhaphidophoridae – Cave or Camel Crickets (89) - brown, humpbacked, and living in dark places like caves, hollow trees, and crawlspaces.

37 New Zealand “Giant Weta’s” – 11 species of giant ‘crickets’ (genus Deinacrida) –
A good example of island gigantism – 4 inch bodies, up to 70 grams (heaviest insect recorded)

38 ORDER: Orthoptera – Grasshoppers, Katydids, and Crickets
Tettigoniidae – Katydids Rhaphidophoridae – Cave or Camel Crickets Gryllidae – Crickets (~200) - similar to tettigoniids, but tarsi are 3 segmented or less. Ovipositor is not flattened laterally, but is needle-like or cylindrical. They have tympani on foretibia, and males stridulate with scraper and file like katydids. They are omnivorous. Tree crickets

39 ORDER: Orthoptera – Grasshoppers, Katydids, and Crickets
Tettigoniidae – Katydids Rhaphidophoridae – Cave or Camel Crickets Gryllidae – Crickets (~200) - similar to tettigoniids, but tarsi are 3 segmented or less. Ovipositor is not flattened laterally, but is needle-like or cylindrical. They have tympani on foretibia, and males stridulate with scraper and file like katydids. They are omnivorous. Ground cricket House cricket

40 Bush cricket

41 ORDER: Orthoptera – Grasshoppers, Katydids, and Crickets
Tettigoniidae – Katydids Rhaphidophoridae – Cave or Camel Crickets Gryllidae – Crickets Gryllotalpidae - Mole Crickets (7) Rare but too cool to leave out… they burrow like moles, and have huge forelimbs modified for digging. The males stridulate. Can damage crops.

42 - Pterygota: Winged True Insects
- Paleoptera: Ephemeroptera and Odonata - Neoptera: wings fold flat onto back - Exopterygota (simple metamorphosis) - Orthopteroida (mandibulate mouthparts, large anal lobe in the hind wing) (Blattodea and Mantodea)

43 ORDER: Phasmida – Walkingsticks
- sister group to the Orthoptera, they lack jumping legs, have 5-segmented tarsi (most), and elongate bodies with reduced or absent wings. Some species are apparently parthenogenetic, as no males have been found. One family is limited to the west and one to Florida. 1. Heteronemiidae – Common Walkingsticks (20) - uh, it’s a walking stick! (mesothorax 4x length of prothorax) - longest insect in U. S. : Megaphasma denticrus (Stal) – to 180mm

44 ORDER: Phasmida – Walkingsticks Heteronemiidae – Common Walkingsticks
Pseudophasmatidae – Striped Walkingsticks (2) - first abdominal seg as long as metanotum - there are several introduced species. Members of the genus Anisomorpha can spray a whitish chemical from a pronotal gland up to 40cm with great accuracy, aiming for the eyes. “Although Gray (1835) mentioned the defensive secretion of A. buprestoides, the first account of its effect on humans that could be located was by Stewart (1937), who wrote about an incident in Texas: "The victim was observing a pair of Anisomorpha buprestoides with his face within two feet of the insects, when he received the discharge in his left eye. . . The pain in his left eye was immediately excruciating; being reported to be as severe as if it had been caused by molten lead. Quick, thorough drenching with cool water allayed the burning agony to a dull aching pain. The pain eased considerably within the course of a few hours. Upon awakening the next morning the entire cornea was almost a brilliant scarlet in color and the eye was so sensitive to light and pressure for the next forty-eight hours that the patient was incapacitated for work. Vision was impaired for about five days." Symptoms gradually disappeared and there were no lasting effects. Albert (1947) described a similar but less severe incident.” From: Thomas (2003).

45 ORDER: Phasmida – Walkingsticks
Heteronemiidae – Common Walkingsticks Pseudophasmatidae – Striped Walkingsticks (2) Mesonotum at most 3x pronotum in length first abdominal seg as long as metanotum the eyes.

46

47 - Pterygota: Winged True Insects
- Paleoptera: Ephemeroptera and Odonata - Neoptera: wings fold flat onto back - Exopterygota (simple metamorphosis) - Orthopteroida (mandibulate mouthparts, large anal lobe in the hind wing) (Blattodea and Mantodea)

48 ORDER: Dermaptera – Earwigs (22 species; 10 native)
- The order is distinguished by a pincer-like set of cerci called the forceps. They are winged or wingless insects; if winged, then the forewings are short and leathery and hide hind wings. Tarsi with three segments. - Most are detritivores, some are herbivorous or predaceous - some produce a foul-smelling fluid as a defensive secretion - they can use their forceps to pinch

49 ORDER: Dermaptera – Earwigs (22 species; 10 native)
Forficulidae – European and Spinetailed Earwigs - second tarsal segment extends beyond the first (basal) segment, and it is expanded - antennae with segments, yellow/brown European earwig (male) Spinetail (Genus Doru)

50 ORDER: Dermaptera – Earwigs (22 species; 10 native)
Forficulidae – European and Spinetailed Earwigs Labiduridae – Striped Earwigs (8) - Second tarsal segment normal - Antennae with segments - pronotum often with stripes

51 ORDER: Dermaptera – Earwigs (22 species; 10 native)
Forficulidae – European and Spinetailed Earwigs Labiduridae – Striped Earwigs Anisolabididae – Seaside and Ring-legged Earwigs - second tarsal segment normal - male right forceps curves more than left - antennae segments

52 ORDER: Dermaptera – Earwigs (22 species; 10 native)
Forficulidae – European and Spinetailed Earwigs Labiduridae – Striped Earwigs Anisolabididae – Seaside and Ring-legged Earwigs Labiidae – Little Earwigs - antennae segments Labia minor - 7mm, gold hairs

53 - Pterygota: Winged True Insects
- Paleoptera: Ephemeroptera and Odonata - Neoptera: wings fold flat onto back - Exopterygota (simple metamorphosis) - Orthopteroida (mandibulate mouthparts, large anal lobe in the hind wing) (Blattodea and Mantodea)

54 ORDER: Mantodea – Mantids (17 species, 4 introduced)
Unmistakeable; two families, but one is limited to Florida 1. Mantidae – Mantids (12) Our state insect: Stagomantis carolina

55 Gonatista grisea Lichen mimic native to southeastern U.S. Ootheca – egg case

56 Chinese mantis – Tenodera aridifolia

57 ORDER: Blattodea – Roaches (~50)
- head is concealed from above by an enlarged pronotum - legs unmodified for jumping, grasping - usually no stridulating organs - tarsi 5-segmented - wings generally present, but may be reduced - eggs also in oothecae - omnivorous

58 ORDER: Blattodea – Roaches (~50)
Blattidae - ventroposterior margin of front femora with spines of equal length, or decreasing in length distally - female subgenital plate divided lengthwise; male styli similar - generally large (25mm) - includes the Oriental cockroach (Blatta orientalis L.) and American cockroach (Periplaneta americana (L.)) . The American is large (2 in.) – “Palmetto Bugs” – (from Africa)

59 ORDER: Blattodea – Roaches (~50) Wood roach
Parcoblatta spp. Blattidae Blatellidae - spines on front femora quite variable - smaller - subgenital plate of female entire (not divided) German cockroach Brown-banded cockroach Blattella germanica (L.) Supella longipalpa (Fabricius)

60 ORDER: Blattodea – Roaches (~50)
Blattidae Blatellidae Blaberidae - includes the largest roaches in U. S. - spines on front femora just at tip, or also three on ventromedial margin - no oothecae; they retain it in uterus and give live birth Madiera cockroach Rhyparobia maderae

61 - Pterygota: Winged True Insects
- Paleoptera: Ephemeroptera and Odonata - Neoptera: wings fold flat onto back - Exopterygota (simple metamorphosis) - Orthopteroida (mandibulate mouthparts, large anal lobe in the hind wing) (Blattodea and Mantodea)

62 ORDER: Isoptera – Termites (44)
- Hormones and inhibitory phernomes secreted by the reproductives and soldiers determine caste in male and female nymphs; they can develop into any caste. - Wings are similar in size (iso-ptera) in the reproductives (the caste with wings) - soft-bodied except for the king and queen. Reproductives leave a colony in a mating swarm – pairing to establish new colonies. After the ‘nuptual flight’, the reproductives lose their wings. video

63 ORDER: Isoptera – Termites (44)
- Hormones and inhibitory phernomes secreted by the reproductives and soldiers determine caste in male and female nymphs; they can develop into any caste. - Wings are similar in size (iso-ptera) in the reproductives (the caste with wings) - soft-bodied except for the king and queen. Reproductives leave a colony in a mating swarm – pairing to establish new colonies. After the ‘nuptual flight’, the reproductives lose their wings. Queens grow into an egg machine and live for 20 years video

64 ORDER: Isoptera – Termites (44)
Soldiers and nasutes (in some colonies) product the colony. Soldiers have huge jaws and nasutes have a ‘squirt-head’. In Cryptotermes, the soldiers have a block-head that blocks the termite burrow.

65 ORDER: Isoptera – Termites (44)
Kalotermitidae - Drywood, Dampwood, and Powderpost termites (17) - they do not construct earthen tubes, tending to only create cavities in the wood. Reproductives have ocelli; soldiers have blunt, concave heads

66 ORDER: Isoptera – Termites (44)
Kalotermitidae - Drywood, Dampwood, and Powderpost termites Rhinotermitidae – Subterranean termites (9) - build earthen tubes and maintain contact with the ground - a fontanelle on the head - small Reticulitermes flavipes – nest in soil, then colonize wood in a home.

67 - Pterygota: Winged True Insects
- Paleoptera: Ephemeroptera and Odonata - Neoptera: wings fold flat onto back - Exopterygota (simple metamorphosis) - Orthopteroida (mandibulate mouthparts, large anal lobe in the hind wing) - Hemipteroida (sucking mouthparts, typically) Phthiraptera

68 ORDER: Hemiptera – True Bugs, hoppers, aphids
Sucking mouthparts, used to suck plant juices or blood, or to stab prey

69 ORDER: Hemiptera – True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids
Sucking mouthparts, used to suck plant juices or blood, or to stab prey

70 ORDER: Hemiptera – True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids
Sucking mouthparts, used to suck plant juices or blood, or to stab prey

71 ORDER: Hemiptera – True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids
Sucking mouthparts, used to suck plant juices or blood, or to stab prey

72 ORDER: Hemiptera – True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids
Sucking mouthparts, used to suck plant juices or blood, or to stab prey “moss bugs” – 1 family (Peloridiidae) – southern hemisphere – beak at front but hard part of forewing reduced

73 ORDER: Hemiptera – True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids
- Suborder: Heteroptera

74 ORDER: Hemiptera – True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids
- Suborder: Heteroptera The Aquatic Families (antennae shorter than head) - ocelli present Gelastocoridae – Toad Bugs (7) - small family;, eyes protuberant, along margins of ponds – look nymphal but winged adults. 10mm

75 ORDER: Hemiptera – True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids
- Suborder: Heteroptera The Aquatic Families (antennae shorter than head) - ocelli present Gelastocoridae – Toad Bugs - ocelli absent Corixidae – Water Boatmen (120) - front tarsi 1-segmented and expanded into a scoop/”oar” Dorsal surface with transverse lines, mostly algivores

76 ORDER: Hemiptera – True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids
- Suborder: Heteroptera The Aquatic Families (antennae shorter than head) - ocelli present Gelastocoridae – Toad Bugs - ocelli absent Corixidae – Water Boatmen (120) Nepidae - Water Scorpions (12) - small group but easy to identify: 2 long filaments and raptorial forelegs

77 ORDER: Hemiptera – True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids
- Suborder: Heteroptera The Aquatic Families (antennae shorter than head) - ocelli present Gelastocoridae – Toad Bugs - ocelli absent Corixidae – Water Boatmen Nepidae - Water Scorpions Notonectidae – Backswimmers (34) - Hind legs long and oarlike; forelegs not oarlike, swim on back, bite! predaceous

78

79 ORDER: Hemiptera – True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids
- Suborder: Heteroptera The Aquatic Families (antennae shorter than head) Gelastocoridae – Toad Bugs Corixidae – Water Boatmen Nepidae - Water Scorpions Notonectidae – Backswimmers Belastomatidae – Giant Water Bugs (19) - raptorial forelegs without caudal filaments of Nepidae; BITE!

80 ORDER: Hemiptera – True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids
- Suborder: Heteroptera The Terrestrial Families (antennae longer than head) Gerridae – Water Striders (46) - rather unmistakeable, skimming on water; only confusion would be with Riffle Bugs (Veliidae) that are smaller and have shorter femora Halobates sp.

81 ORDER: Hemiptera – True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids
- Suborder: Heteroptera - antennae longer than head; 4 segmented 7. Reduviidae – Assassin Bugs (160) - beak fits into a groove in the prosternum, raptorial forelegs, predatory, BITE! Wheel bug Blood-sucking cone nose

82 Ambush Bugs

83 ORDER: Hemiptera – True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids
- Suborder: Heteroptera - antennae longer than head; 4 segmented Reduviidae – Assassin Bugs Tingidae – Lace Bugs (140) - distinguished by heavily sculpted dorsal surface of body; small

84 ORDER: Hemiptera – True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids
- Suborder: Heteroptera - antennae longer than head; 4 segmented Reduviidae – Assassin Bugs Tingidae – Lace Bugs Miridae – Plant / Leaf Bugs (1750) - soft bodies, to 10mm - 1-2 closed cells in membranous part of forewing - has a cuneus – a subsegment of corium

85 ORDER: Hemiptera – True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids
- Suborder: Heteroptera - antennae longer than head; 4 segmented Reduviidae – Assassin Bugs Tingidae – Lace Bugs Miridae – Plant / Leaf Bugs Lygaeidae – Seed Bugs (75) - abdominal spiracles dorsal - 4-5 veins in hemelytra

86 Lygaeioidea

87 ORDER: Hemiptera – True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids
- Suborder: Heteroptera - antennae longer than head; 4 segmented Reduviidae – Assassin Bugs Tingidae – Lace Bugs Miridae – Plant / Leaf Bugs Lygaeidae – Seed Bugs Coreidae – Leaf-footed Bugs (80) - hemelytra with many veins - scent glands - males with expanded hind femora with spines

88

89 ORDER: Hemiptera – True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids
- Suborder: Heteroptera - antennae longer than head; 4 segmented Reduviidae – Assassin Bugs Tingidae – Lace Bugs Miridae – Plant / Leaf Bugs Lygaeidae – Seed Bugs Coreidae – Leaf-footed Bugs - antennae longer than head; 5 segmented Pentatomidae – Stink Bugs (200 sp) - scutellum triangular, corium broad - if scuttelum large and corium narrow, then a tooth at corner of pronotum

90 ORDER: Hemiptera – True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids
- Suborder: Heteroptera - antennae longer than head; 4 segmented Reduviidae – Assassin Bugs Tingidae – Lace Bugs Miridae – Plant / Leaf Bugs Lygaeidae – Seed Bugs Coreidae – Leaf-footed Bugs - antennae longer than head; 5 segmented Pentatomidae – Stink Bugs Scutellaridae – Shield-Backed Bugs (~75) - scutellum extends to tip of abdomen - corium of wing narrow - never with a tooth at corners of scutellum