Code
CUGPI
Growth form
Bulb
Biological cycle
Vivacious
Habitat
Terrestrial
CUGPI
Growth form
Bulb
Biological cycle
Vivacious
Habitat
Terrestrial
🗒 Synonyms
| synonym | Curculigo gallabatensis Schweinf. ex Baker |
| synonym | Gethyllis pilosa Schumach. & Thonn. |
🗒 Common Names
| No Data |
📚 Overview
Description
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Global description
Curculigo pilosa is a vivacious plant whose stem is formed by a carrot-shaped rotated rootstock rhizome. Above the ground appear on the periphery the fibrous and blackened bases of the leaves of the previous year. In the center is a tuft of long, ribboned leaves with prominent parallel veins. At the beginning of vegetation, at the base of the leaves, a yellow flower with 3 petals and 3 sepals of similar shape, and carried by a short peduncle, appears.
New plant
Curculigo pilosa is a vivacious plant, so it is quite exceptional to observe a sprouted seedling.
The new leaves are linear, ribbon-shaped. They all leave the same point, at the top of the rhizome. These new leaves are surrounded at the base by the remains of the leaves of the previous year, become black and fibrous.
The flower appears at the same time as the new leaves. It comes out of the ground, carried by a short peduncle. The 3 sepals and 3 petals are similar in shape and yellow in color.
General habit
The plant consists of a tuft of 3 to 7 linear leaves all coming from the top of the rhizome, under the surface of the ground.
Underground system
The underground apparatus consists of a tuberous taproot rhizome, corresponding to the stem. It is fusiform and can reach 7 to 8 cm deep and 2 to 3 cm in diameter, at the top. Throughout this rhizome appear the transverse scars of the insertion areas of the old leaves. From this rhizome, filiform roots develop. During its growth, the rhizome sinks into the soil, so that the base of the leaves remains just below the ground surface.
Leaf
The leaves are linear, all inserted at the top of the rhizome. The base of the lamina is narrow and folded in two, forming a pseudo-petiole 2 to 5 cm long. The limb is then spread. It is 8 to 30 mm wide and can reach 40 cm long. The summit ends in acute corner. The limb is traversed by 9 parallel and prominent main veins which give a pleated appearance to the limb. Between these veins, secondary ribs appear finer. The two faces are dotted with some fine hairs and 2 to 3 mm long, often inserted by 2 or 3 at the same point.
Flower
The flower is usually solitary, some plants can have two. It is 3 to 5 cm wide and carried by a peduncle 2 to 4 cm long, from the top of the rhizome and hidden by the base of the leaves. This peduncle is covered with a fine pubescence. The calyx is composed of 3 sepals of yellow color, elliptical in shape, at the top in wide corner, 12 mm long and 4 mm wide. The outer surface is covered with long fine hairs. The corolla is composed of 3 yellow and glabrous petals. They are similar in shape and size to the sepals and are arranged between the sepals. The 6 stamens are inserted at the base of the petals and sepals. The anthers comprise 2 boxes welded at the top and separated at the base, from the point of insertion of the net. The anther is 5 mm long while the net measures only half of the anther.
Fruit
The fruit is an indehiscent capsule of oblong shape, hidden in the very short tube formed by the base of the sepals and petals.
Curculigo pilosa is a vivacious plant whose stem is formed by a carrot-shaped rotated rootstock rhizome. Above the ground appear on the periphery the fibrous and blackened bases of the leaves of the previous year. In the center is a tuft of long, ribboned leaves with prominent parallel veins. At the beginning of vegetation, at the base of the leaves, a yellow flower with 3 petals and 3 sepals of similar shape, and carried by a short peduncle, appears.
New plant
Curculigo pilosa is a vivacious plant, so it is quite exceptional to observe a sprouted seedling.
The new leaves are linear, ribbon-shaped. They all leave the same point, at the top of the rhizome. These new leaves are surrounded at the base by the remains of the leaves of the previous year, become black and fibrous.
The flower appears at the same time as the new leaves. It comes out of the ground, carried by a short peduncle. The 3 sepals and 3 petals are similar in shape and yellow in color.
General habit
The plant consists of a tuft of 3 to 7 linear leaves all coming from the top of the rhizome, under the surface of the ground.
Underground system
The underground apparatus consists of a tuberous taproot rhizome, corresponding to the stem. It is fusiform and can reach 7 to 8 cm deep and 2 to 3 cm in diameter, at the top. Throughout this rhizome appear the transverse scars of the insertion areas of the old leaves. From this rhizome, filiform roots develop. During its growth, the rhizome sinks into the soil, so that the base of the leaves remains just below the ground surface.
Leaf
The leaves are linear, all inserted at the top of the rhizome. The base of the lamina is narrow and folded in two, forming a pseudo-petiole 2 to 5 cm long. The limb is then spread. It is 8 to 30 mm wide and can reach 40 cm long. The summit ends in acute corner. The limb is traversed by 9 parallel and prominent main veins which give a pleated appearance to the limb. Between these veins, secondary ribs appear finer. The two faces are dotted with some fine hairs and 2 to 3 mm long, often inserted by 2 or 3 at the same point.
Flower
The flower is usually solitary, some plants can have two. It is 3 to 5 cm wide and carried by a peduncle 2 to 4 cm long, from the top of the rhizome and hidden by the base of the leaves. This peduncle is covered with a fine pubescence. The calyx is composed of 3 sepals of yellow color, elliptical in shape, at the top in wide corner, 12 mm long and 4 mm wide. The outer surface is covered with long fine hairs. The corolla is composed of 3 yellow and glabrous petals. They are similar in shape and size to the sepals and are arranged between the sepals. The 6 stamens are inserted at the base of the petals and sepals. The anthers comprise 2 boxes welded at the top and separated at the base, from the point of insertion of the net. The anther is 5 mm long while the net measures only half of the anther.
Fruit
The fruit is an indehiscent capsule of oblong shape, hidden in the very short tube formed by the base of the sepals and petals.
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Nomenclature and Classification
No Data
📚 Natural History
Life Cycle
Northern Cameroon: Curculigo pilosa remains in the ground throughout the dry season in the form of a tuberous rhizome. From the first rains, in May, new leaves appear at the top of the rhizome, and gradually lengthen until the middle of the crop cycle (August). Flowering occurs very early, during the development of new leaves, from June to August. Flowering is short-lived (2 to 3 weeks). Throughout the rest of the development cycle, only the leaves are visible. They dry out at the end of the rainy season (October-November), leaving only fibrous, blackened bases on the soil surface.
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
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Cyclicity
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Curculigo pilosa is a vivacious species. Each year, it emits a new tuft of leaves. The stem grows by sinking each year a little deeper into the soil. It is multiplied by seeds or vegetatively when the rhizome is split.
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Ecology
Northern Cameroon: Curculigo pilosa grows mainly in the Sudanian regions whose annual rainfall is between 1,200 and 1,500 mm. In Northern Cameroon, this species is present in nearly 20% of plots cultivated in the Sudanian zone. It occurs punctually until the Sahelo-Sudanian region, whose annual rainfall is between 600 and 800 mm, provided that the soil is sufficiently moist. C. pilosa grows in loamy to sandy-loam soils such as planosols, alluvial soils and in more humid regions on ferruginous soils. This species is naturally a shade plant of the savannah or forest. It is a characteristic weed of recently cleared plots, cultivated for 2 or 3 years and in which trees are still in place. It is mainly found in low intensified crops, where tillage, particularly plowing, is superficial, which allows the rhizome to remain under the plowed soil layer. This species disappears after 4 to 5 years of consecutive cultivation, especially when the cultivation practices intensify, ie a deeper plowing (animal traction) that loosens the rhizome, frequent weeding forces the plant to emit new leaves , which exhaust the reserves of the rhizome. This species is a good ecological indicator of young plot on well-structured soil in traditional culture.
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
No Data
📚 Habitat and Distribution
General Habitat
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Worldwide distribution
Curculigo pilosa is distributed all over tropical Africa and Madagascar.
Curculigo pilosa is distributed all over tropical Africa and Madagascar.
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Occurrence
No Data
📚 Demography and Conservation
Risk Statement
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Local harmfulness
Northern Cameroon : Curculigo pilosa is never abundant in the crop fields.
Northern Cameroon : Curculigo pilosa is never abundant in the crop fields.
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Uses and Management
📚 Information Listing
Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF)
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
References
- Berhaut J., 1967. Flore du Sénégal. 2ème éd. Clairafrique éd., Dakar, Sénégal, 485p.
- Le Bourgeois, T. and H. Merlier (1995). Adventrop - Les adventices d'Afrique soudano-sahélienne. Montpellier, France, Cirad. 637p.
- Hutchinson J., Dalziel J. M., Keay R. W. J. & Hepper F. N., 1968. Flora of West Tropical Africa. Vol. III part. 1. 2ème éd. The Whitefriars Press ed., London & Tonbridge, 276p.
- Le Bourgeois Th., 1993. Les mauvaises herbes dans la rotation cotonnière au Nord-Cameroun (Afrique) - Amplitude d'habitat et degré d'infestation - Cycle de développement. Thèse USTL Montpellier II, Montpellier, France, 241p.
Information Listing > References
- Berhaut J., 1967. Flore du Sénégal. 2ème éd. Clairafrique éd., Dakar, Sénégal, 485p.
- Le Bourgeois, T. and H. Merlier (1995). Adventrop - Les adventices d'Afrique soudano-sahélienne. Montpellier, France, Cirad. 637p.
- Hutchinson J., Dalziel J. M., Keay R. W. J. & Hepper F. N., 1968. Flora of West Tropical Africa. Vol. III part. 1. 2ème éd. The Whitefriars Press ed., London & Tonbridge, 276p.
- Le Bourgeois Th., 1993. Les mauvaises herbes dans la rotation cotonnière au Nord-Cameroun (Afrique) - Amplitude d'habitat et degré d'infestation - Cycle de développement. Thèse USTL Montpellier II, Montpellier, France, 241p.
Images
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Herbarium pictures ReCOLNAT: https://explore.recolnat.org/search/botanique/simplequery=Curculigo%2520pilosa
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
🐾 Taxonomy
| Root | Root |
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Tracheophyta |
| Class | Liliopsida |
| Order | Asparagales |
| Family | Hypoxidaceae |
| Genus | Curculigo |
| Species | Curculigo pilosa (Schumach. & Thonn.) Engl. |
📊 Temporal Distribution
📷 Related Observations
