Code
SEBBI
Broadleaf
Biological cycle
annual
Habitat
terrestrial / marshland
🗒 Synonyms
| synonym | Aeschynomene aculeata Schreb. |
| synonym | Aeschynomene bispinosa Jacq. |
| synonym | Aeschynomene spinulosa Roxb. |
| synonym | Coronilla aculeata Willd. |
| synonym | Coronilla aculete Willd. |
| synonym | Sesban aculeatus Poir. |
| synonym | Sesbania aculeata (Willd.)Pers. |
| synonym | Sesbania aculeata (Willd.)Poir. |
| synonym | Sesbania aculeata Poir. |
| synonym | Sesbania aculeata var. elatior Prain |
| synonym | Sesbania aegyptiaca Sensu Bojer |
| synonym | Sesbania arborescens Kostel. |
| synonym | Sesbania bispinosa var. elatior (Prain)Raizada & Saxena |
🗒 Common Names
| Creoles and pidgins; French-based |
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| English |
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| French |
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| Malagasy |
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📚 Overview
Description
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Global description
Sesbania bispinosa is a sub-woody upright plant, branched, reaching up to 2 to 3.5 m high. Young stems bear small sparsed spines. The leaves are alternate, paripinnately compound with numerous leaflets. The flowers are assembled in small axillary clusters. The fruit is a linear, curved pod, 15 to 28 cm long, containing numerous oblong seeds, ending in a sharp beak of 1 to 1.5 cm.
Cotyledons
Cotyledons are oblong, roughly kidney-shaped, briefly stalked.
First leaves
The first leaf is simple, shortly petiolate, with more or less elliptical leaf blade, margin entire. The following leaves are paripinnately compound and alternate, with 5 to more than 10 pairs of leaflets.
General habit
Large upright sub-woody grass, annual or perennial short lived, with branched stem, 1 to 3.5 m high.
Underground system
Taproot system.
Stem
The stem is cylindrical and solid, more or less lignified at the base, branched, carrying small sparsely dispersed spines. It is more or less pubescent on younger parts.
Leaf
The leaves are paripinnately compound, alternate, generally 10 to 30 cm long; petiole about 2 cm long and stipules very narrowly linear-ovate, 6 to 10 mm long, deciduous; the leaflets are generally 20 to 50 pairs, linear-oblong, 8 to 20 by 1.5 to 4 mm. Young leaves are pubescent, but quickly becoming glabrescent.
Inflorescence
The inflorescences are racemes, 2 to 18 cm long, with 3 to 12 flowers in the axils of leaves; pedicels 5 to 10 mm long.
Flower
The calyx is cup shaped, 3 to 4 mm long, glabrous except on the margin. The papilionaceous type corolla, consists of a pale yellow or cream standard, mottled with brown or purple, lamina 9-15 mm by 8-14 mm; lateral petals (wings) of yellow color and more or less as long as the keel (9 to 13 mm).
Fruit
The fruit is a linear, curved pod, 15 to 28 cm long and about 3 mm wide, containing 28-45 seeds; rostrum 1 to 1.5 cm long; the pod is marked by bottlenecks at the bulkhead separating the loculus.
Seed
Seeds are oblong, elliptical cross-section, 3-3.5 mm x 1.5 mm x 1.2 mm, brown to olive green or greenish black in colour.
Sesbania bispinosa is a sub-woody upright plant, branched, reaching up to 2 to 3.5 m high. Young stems bear small sparsed spines. The leaves are alternate, paripinnately compound with numerous leaflets. The flowers are assembled in small axillary clusters. The fruit is a linear, curved pod, 15 to 28 cm long, containing numerous oblong seeds, ending in a sharp beak of 1 to 1.5 cm.
Cotyledons
Cotyledons are oblong, roughly kidney-shaped, briefly stalked.
First leaves
The first leaf is simple, shortly petiolate, with more or less elliptical leaf blade, margin entire. The following leaves are paripinnately compound and alternate, with 5 to more than 10 pairs of leaflets.
General habit
Large upright sub-woody grass, annual or perennial short lived, with branched stem, 1 to 3.5 m high.
Underground system
Taproot system.
Stem
The stem is cylindrical and solid, more or less lignified at the base, branched, carrying small sparsely dispersed spines. It is more or less pubescent on younger parts.
Leaf
The leaves are paripinnately compound, alternate, generally 10 to 30 cm long; petiole about 2 cm long and stipules very narrowly linear-ovate, 6 to 10 mm long, deciduous; the leaflets are generally 20 to 50 pairs, linear-oblong, 8 to 20 by 1.5 to 4 mm. Young leaves are pubescent, but quickly becoming glabrescent.
Inflorescence
The inflorescences are racemes, 2 to 18 cm long, with 3 to 12 flowers in the axils of leaves; pedicels 5 to 10 mm long.
Flower
The calyx is cup shaped, 3 to 4 mm long, glabrous except on the margin. The papilionaceous type corolla, consists of a pale yellow or cream standard, mottled with brown or purple, lamina 9-15 mm by 8-14 mm; lateral petals (wings) of yellow color and more or less as long as the keel (9 to 13 mm).
Fruit
The fruit is a linear, curved pod, 15 to 28 cm long and about 3 mm wide, containing 28-45 seeds; rostrum 1 to 1.5 cm long; the pod is marked by bottlenecks at the bulkhead separating the loculus.
Seed
Seeds are oblong, elliptical cross-section, 3-3.5 mm x 1.5 mm x 1.2 mm, brown to olive green or greenish black in colour.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Nomenclature and Classification
No Data
📚 Natural History
Life Cycle
Life cycle
Annual
Perenial
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Madagascar: Sesbania bispinosa flowers and fruits at the end of the rainy season (February-March to May-June).
Mayotte : S. bisponosa flowers from January to June and fruits from February to July.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Cyclicity
Sesbania bispinosa is an annual or short lived perennial species (biennial); it is propagated by seeds. The numerous seeds are ejected by dehiscence of dry fruit; they are then dispersed by wind, water and tillage tools.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
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Morphology
Growth form
Erected
Leaf arrangement
Alternate
Leaf type
Compound
Type of prefoliation
Leaf ratio medium
Narrow leaf
Latex
Without latex
Stem section
Round
Root type
Taproot
Hollow or solid stem
Solid stem
Stipule type
Lanceolate stipule
Leaf attachment type
with petiole
Fruit type
Pod
Pod type
Cylindrical pod in section
Cotyledon type
oblong
reniform
Lamina base
rounded
asymmetric
Lamina margin
entire
Lamina apex
rounded
mucronate
Upperface pilosity
Glabrous
Lowerface pilosity
Glabrous
Lamina section
flat
Lamina Veination
one
Flower color
Yellow
Inflorescence type
Raceme
Axillary solitary flower
Stem pilosity
Less hairy
Stem hair type
Pubescent
Spines
Life form
Broadleaf plant
Shrub
Look Alikes
Sesbania bispinosa and S. madagascariensis are related species that infest almost the same type of environment.
S. madagascariensis is distinguished by the absence of small prickles on the stems, twigs and raceme axes but they are more or less pubescent with short, fine hair. S. madagascariensis leaves are smaller, from 10 to 24 pais of leaflets ; the rachis and the underside of the leaflets are more or less pubescent. For S. madagascariensis the basis of the standard does not have any elongate appendix.
S. madagascariensis is distinguished by the absence of small prickles on the stems, twigs and raceme axes but they are more or less pubescent with short, fine hair. S. madagascariensis leaves are smaller, from 10 to 24 pais of leaflets ; the rachis and the underside of the leaflets are more or less pubescent. For S. madagascariensis the basis of the standard does not have any elongate appendix.
Distinctive criterias of some Sesbania spp.
| Distribution | Stem | Leaflets | Rachis length | Species |
| Afrique, Madagascar, Inde, Asie | prickly | 40-110 | 13-35 cm | Sesbania bispinosa |
| Madagascar | glabrous or thinly hairy | 10-24 | 3-8 cm | S. madagascariensis |
| Amérique du sud, Afrique, Madagascar, Inde, Asie | glabrous | 20-50 | 3-12 cm | S. sesban |
| Afrique ouest et centre | glabrous | 30-60 | 15-45 cm | S. pachycarpa |
Thomas Le Bourgeois, Randriamampianina Jean Augustin
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
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Ecology
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Madagascar: Sesbania bispinosa grows on alluvial soils, fersialitic soils, vertisols or humus ferruginous to temporary hydromorphic, fertile in sunny land. It is a weed of rainfed semi-intensive crops (cotton, maize) and in fallow plots, banks of canals and rivers, pastures in subhumid and semi-arid of low altitude of South West and West Plains.
Mauritius: S. bispinosa grows in humid stations of low altitude.
Mayotte: Sesbania bispinosa is a cryptogenic species that grows in secondarized wetlands, ditches, stream banks, and sometimes along trails and in open windfalls in natural hygrophilous forest.
Reunion: Species present in wastelands between St Paul and Ste Suzanne.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Habitat and Distribution
General Habitat
Habitat
Marshland
Description
Geographical distibution
Madagascar
Origin
Sesbania bispinosa is native to Africa (especially East and Southern Africa), Madagascar, the Middle East, India and South East Asia.
Worldwide distribution
Sesbania bispinosa is widely distributed around the world in tropical regions: South America (Argentina) and the Caribbean, West Africa (Mauritania, Guinea, Gambia), East and Southern Africa, islands in the southwestern Indian Ocean, the Middle East, India, Pakistan, China, Southeast Asia.
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
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No Data
📚 Occurrence
No Data
📚 Demography and Conservation
Risk Statement
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Local harmfulness
Madagascar: Sesbania bispinosa is a weed relatively infrequent but abundant when present in cotton fields and corn. This is a fast growing species of large size; it infests heavy soil crop fields often associated with larger species like Rottboellia cochinchinensis, Sorghum and arundinaceum Abelmoschus ficulneus; delay in weeding due to a more or less long rainy period can be very expensive in terms of control.
Madagascar: Sesbania bispinosa is a weed relatively infrequent but abundant when present in cotton fields and corn. This is a fast growing species of large size; it infests heavy soil crop fields often associated with larger species like Rottboellia cochinchinensis, Sorghum and arundinaceum Abelmoschus ficulneus; delay in weeding due to a more or less long rainy period can be very expensive in terms of control.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Uses and Management
Uses
Agricultural: Sesbania bispinosa can be used as an agroforestry species, species ameliorative of soil and source of firewood or used for livestock feed.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
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Management
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Local control
Madagascar: Manual weeding of Sesbania bispinosa with angady still remains the most used method of control against this species in the plots of cotton or corn, but the response may be delayed or ineffective on these soil types by prolonged wet weather.
Madagascar: Manual weeding of Sesbania bispinosa with angady still remains the most used method of control against this species in the plots of cotton or corn, but the response may be delayed or ineffective on these soil types by prolonged wet weather.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Information Listing
Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF)
Sesbania bispinosa https://www.gbif.org/fr/species/2970721
Sesbania aculeata https://www.gbif.org/fr/species/7757955Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
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References
- MOODY K., 1989 –Weeds reported in Rice in South and Southeast Asia. IRRI, Los Banos Philippines; 442 p.
- ANTOINE R., BOSSER J. et FERGUSSON I.K., 1990. - FLORE DES MASCAREIGNES : La Réunion, Maurice, Rodrigues. 80 Légumineuses. MSIRI, ORSTOM, KEW. p. 80-84.
- Barthelat, F. 2019. La Flore illustrée de Mayotte. Meze, Paris, France, Collection Inventaires et Biodiversité, Biotope – Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle. 487 p.
- DU PUY D. J., LABAT J. N., RABEVOHITRA R., VILLIERS J. F., BOSSER J. & MOAT J., 2002 – The Leguminoseae of Madagascar. ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS, Kew, 2002, p. 445-447.
- https://www.feedipedia.org/node/255
Information Listing > References
- MOODY K., 1989 –Weeds reported in Rice in South and Southeast Asia. IRRI, Los Banos Philippines; 442 p.
- ANTOINE R., BOSSER J. et FERGUSSON I.K., 1990. - FLORE DES MASCAREIGNES : La Réunion, Maurice, Rodrigues. 80 Légumineuses. MSIRI, ORSTOM, KEW. p. 80-84.
- Barthelat, F. 2019. La Flore illustrée de Mayotte. Meze, Paris, France, Collection Inventaires et Biodiversité, Biotope – Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle. 487 p.
- DU PUY D. J., LABAT J. N., RABEVOHITRA R., VILLIERS J. F., BOSSER J. & MOAT J., 2002 – The Leguminoseae of Madagascar. ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS, Kew, 2002, p. 445-447.
- https://www.feedipedia.org/node/255
Images
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No Data
🐾 Taxonomy
| Root | Root |
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Tracheophyta |
| Class | Magnoliopsida |
| Order | Fabales |
| Family | Fabaceae |
| Genus | Sesbania |
| Species | Sesbania bispinosa (Jacq.) W.Wight |
📊 Temporal Distribution
📷 Related Observations
