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WIKTROP - Weed Identification and Knowledge in the Tropical and Mediterranean areas
WIKTROP - Weed Identification and Knowledge in the Tropical and Mediterranean areas
SpeciesMapsDocumentsIDAO

Heliotropium ovalifolium Forssk.

Accepted
Heliotropium ovalifolium Forssk.
Heliotropium ovalifolium Forssk.
Heliotropium ovalifolium Forssk.
Heliotropium ovalifolium Forssk.
Heliotropium ovalifolium Forssk.
Heliotropium ovalifolium Forssk.
Heliotropium ovalifolium Forssk.
Heliotropium ovalifolium Forssk.
Heliotropium ovalifolium Forssk.
Heliotropium ovalifolium Forssk.
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🗒 Synonyms
synonymEuploca ovalifolia (Forssk.) Diane & Hilger
synonymHeliotropium apiculatum E.Mey. ex A.DC.
synonymHeliotropium brocchianum Vis.
synonymHeliotropium cinereum R.Br.
synonymHeliotropium coromandelianum J.Koenig ex Retz.
synonymHeliotropium gracile R.Br.
synonymHeliotropium kunzii Lehm.
synonymHeliotropium niloticum A.DC.
synonymHeliotropium obovatum D.Don
synonymHeliotropium ovalifolium var. gracile (R.Br.) Domin
synonymHeliotropium phyllosepalum Baker
synonymHeliotropium polystachyum Poir.
synonymHeliotropium sienites DC.
synonymHeliotropium syenites Spreng.
synonymHeliotropium tomentosum Poir.
synonymHeliotropium villosum Sieber ex A.DC.
🗒 Common Names
English
  • Grey Leaf Heliotrope, Grey-leaved heliotrope
Hindi
  • Kunden
📚 Overview
Overview
Brief
Code

HEOOV

Growth form

broadleaf

Biological cycle

annual

Habitat

terrestrial

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ravi luckhun
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    Diagnostic Keys
    Description
    Global description
     
    Heliotropium ovalifolium is an annual or perennial grass of short life, prostrate, more or less woody and branched at the base, reaching 40 to 60 cm long, twigs with densely appressed whitish hairs. The leaves are simple, alternate, with petioles 5 to 10 mm long, obovate to elliptic leaf lamina covered with silvery white appressed hairs. The inflorescences are spike-like uniparous cymes, terminal, about 4 cm long, without bract and hairy. The pentamerous flowers, about 4 mm long, with white corolla, are arranged in two rows. Fruits are subglobose, 1.5 mm by 2 mm, densely covered with short hairs.
     
    General habit
     
    Annual or perennial herb of short life, prostrate, more or less woody and branched at the base, reaching 40 to 60 cm long, grayish-white in appearance.
     
    Underground system
     
    Taproot.
     
    Stem
     
    The stem is cylindrical, full, more or woody and branched, densely covered with appressed whitish hairs.
     
    Leaf
     
    The leaves are simple, alternate, with long petioles of 5 to 10 mm. The leaf blade is elliptic to obovate, 10-25 mm long and 5-13 mm wide; wedged or rounded apex, shortly apiculate; the base is in the corner; the margin is entire. Both sides are covered with silvery white appressed hairs.
     
    Inflorescence
     
    The inflorescences are spike-like uniparous cymes, scorpioid, terminal, of variable length, about 4 cm long, sometimes up to 10 cm long, without bract and hairy; the flowers are arranged in two rows.
     
    Flower
     
    The bisexual and pentamerous flowers consist of:
    - A persistent calyx, 2 mm long, divided into five unequal lobes, densely hairs,
    - A white corolla 3 mm long, in cylindrical tube, with oval lobes, apiculate, more or less pubescent outside,
    - The thin stamens with short filament are inserted below the half of the corolla tube, anthers oblong about 0.6 mm long,
    - A superior ovary with 4 loculus, glabrous, short and thick style, long as the ovary.
     
    Fruit
     
    The fruit is a sub-spherical capsule, 1.5 mm long and 2 mm in diameter, densely covered with short hairs. At maturity it separates into 4 indehiscent valves (nucule) each containing a seed.

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      📚 Natural History
      Life Cycle

      Life cycle

      Annual
      Annual

      India: Heliotropium ovalifolium flowers and fruits from March to July.
      Madagascar:
      Heliotropium ovalifolium can bloom throughout the year but especially during the wet season from January to April.

       

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        Cyclicity
        Heliotropium ovalifolium is an annual or shortly perennial species which is propagated by seed. They are spread by wind, water and tillage equipment.

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          Morphology

          Growth form

          Erected
          Erected
          Prostrated
          Prostrated

          Type of prefoliation

          Leaf ratio medium
          Leaf ratio medium

          Equality of opposite leaves

          Opposite leaves equal
          Opposite leaves equal

          Latex

          Without latex
          Without latex

          Root type

          Taproot
          Taproot

          Stipule type

          No stipule
          No stipule

          Lamina base

          rounded
          rounded
          acute
          acute
          attenuate
          attenuate
          asymmetric
          asymmetric

          Lamina apex

          apiculate
          apiculate
          acute
          acute
          rounded
          rounded

          Simple leaf type

          Lamina elliptic
          Lamina elliptic

          Flower color

          Blue
          Blue
          White and yellow
          White and yellow
          White
          White

          Inflorescence type

          Scorpiod cyme
          Scorpiod cyme

          Stem pilosity

          Less hairy
          Less hairy

          Life form

          Broadleaf plant
          Broadleaf plant
          Ecology

          Central Africa: Heliotropium ovalifolium grows in open woodland, savannahs, marshy grasslands, dunes, lake and river banks, crops, fallow land, waste ground and cool places.
          India: Heliotropium ovalifolium thrives in wetlands, roadsides and disturbed areas.
          Madagascar: Heliotropium ovalifolium develops on alluvial soils, ferruginous humiferous soil, rich enough, in sunny places. It is a weed of crops such as cotton and corn in semi-intensive system. It is found at the edge of cultures and canals in flooded wasteland in the rainy season in semi-arid and sub-humid, below 500 m (Southwest, West and Northwest).
          South Africa: Heliotropium ovalifolium grows in grasslands, flood plains, marshy areas, riverbanks, roadsides and wasteland, mainly on sandy or muddy soils and in disturbed environments, up to 1300 m altitude. 
          Zimbabwe: The species grows in sandy or clay soils along the river, in the humid marshland in temporarily flooded plains and meadows. It is also found as a ruderal species on roadsides and in the rubble. It occurs up to 1300 m altitude.
           

           

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            Miscellaneous Details

            Toxicity

            Poisoning of goats and sheep due to Heliotropium ovalifolium in pastures have been reported in some countries.

            Thomas Le Bourgeois
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              📚 Habitat and Distribution
              Description

              Origin
               
              Heliotropium ovalifolium is native to Africa as far as Vietnam.
               
              Worldwide distribution
               
              Heliotropium ovalifolium is present in tropical Africa, sub-tropical and southern, northern Africa and the Middle East, Madagascar, Arabia, India and Pakistan, Southeast Asia, Australia.

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                No Data
                📚 Occurrence
                No Data
                📚 Demography and Conservation
                Risk Statement
                Local harmfulness

                Madagascar: Heliotropium ovalifolium is an infrequent weed and often very abundant in crops. It does not present any particular difficulty. It is a weed characteristic of low floodplains in dry areas of low altitude. It can be locally abundant in cultures of cowpea or maize.

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                  📚 Uses and Management
                  Uses

                  Medicinal: Heliotropium ovalifolium has medicinal properties; This species is used to treat wounds and to treat inflammations or other skin diseases. It is used in various African countries against syphilis and as an analgesic.

                   

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                    Management
                    Local management

                    Madagascar: Heliotropium ovalifolium is controlled by manual weeding with angady in cropping systems of cowpea, corn or cotton.

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                      📚 Information Listing
                      References
                      1. Plants of the World Online https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60430581-2
                      2. MOODY K., 1989 –Weeds reported in Rice in South and Southeast Asia. IRRI, Los Banös Philippines, 442 p.
                      3. EPPO https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/HEOOV
                      4. The World Flora Online https://www.worldfloraonline.org/taxon/wfo-0000718803
                      5. India Biodiversity Portal https://indiabiodiversity.org/species/show/229914
                      6. PAL P. 1962. - Comparative Studies in four species of Heliotropium L. Department of Botany- University of Calcutta Vol. 29, B. No 1.
                      7. Catalogue des plantes vasculaires de Madagascar http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=12&taxon_id=230002652
                      Information Listing > References
                      1. Plants of the World Online https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60430581-2
                      2. MOODY K., 1989 –Weeds reported in Rice in South and Southeast Asia. IRRI, Los Banös Philippines, 442 p.
                      3. EPPO https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/HEOOV
                      4. The World Flora Online https://www.worldfloraonline.org/taxon/wfo-0000718803
                      5. India Biodiversity Portal https://indiabiodiversity.org/species/show/229914
                      6. PAL P. 1962. - Comparative Studies in four species of Heliotropium L. Department of Botany- University of Calcutta Vol. 29, B. No 1.
                      7. Catalogue des plantes vasculaires de Madagascar http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=12&taxon_id=230002652
                      Images
                      Thomas Le Bourgeois
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                        No Data
                        🐾 Taxonomy
                        📊 Temporal Distribution
                        📷 Related Observations
                        👥 Groups
                        WIKTROP - Weed Identification and Knowledge in the Tropical and Mediterranean areasWIKTROP - Weed Identification and Knowledge in the Tropical and Mediterranean areas
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