Code
FUICI
Growth form
Sedge
Biological cycle
Annual
Habitat
Marshland
🗒 Synonyms
| synonym | Fuirena ciliaris f. ciliaris |
| synonym | Fuirena glomerata Lam. |
| synonym | Fuirena rottboellii Nees |
| synonym | Fuirena striata Llanos |
| synonym | Scirpus aristatus Willd. |
| synonym | Scirpus ciliaris L. |
| synonym | Scirpus ciliatus Rottb. [Spelling variant] |
| synonym | Scirpus pilosus Retz. [Illegitimate] |
🗒 Common Names
| Malgache |
|
📚 Overview
Description
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Global description
Fuirena ciliaris is an annual tufted plant of about 40 cm high. On the stems are spread a few slightly long leaves, narrow, linear and pointed, hairy on two sides and ciliary margin. The terminal inflorescence more or less compact, is composed of several groups of pointed oval spikelets. The glumes are spiral and style is continuous with respect to the ovary. The scales that surround the achene are square whereas they are circular in Fuirena umbellata.
General habit
Annual plant, pubescent, erect stems grouped in loose tuft measuring 35 to 50 cm high.
Underground system
A more or less developed tiller bearing fibrous roots.
Stem
The stem measures 5 to 50 cm long with a diameter of 1 to 2 mm. It is flattened angular, striated, glabrescent at the base and pubescent at top, green in colour. The stems are gathered in clumps.
Leaf
Several leaves, alternate and well spaced along the stem, 5 to 15 cm long and 1-8 mm wide and basal leaves reduced to sheaths. The leaf blade is thin, linear lanceolate with an acute apex. It is covered on two sides with a velvety pubescence and its margin is ciliated. It has no distinct midrib. It is of a more dull green colour on the underside. Leaf sheaths measure 1 to 3 cm long and are also pubescent. There is a membranous glabrous ligule, 0.75 to 2 mm high.
Inflorescence
The terminal inflorescence consists of 1 to 3 groups of spikelets carried by a short pubescent peduncle, contracted in an umbel head of 1.5 to 2 cm in diameter. It is underpinned by a bract looking like a reduced leaf.
Spikelet
The spikelet is ovoid or oblong-elliptic, sub-pointed, measuring 4 to 13 mm long and 4 mm in diameter. It is rough to the touch. It is greyish green in colour. The numerous glumes are intertwined and spirally arranged. They are obovate to oblong, 1.5 to 1.7 mm long and 1.25 mm wide, obtuse to rounded at the tip, with truncate base. They are bright green with 3 midribs, finely puberulous. They have a backbone, 1 to 1.25mm long on the sub-apical position. The perianth consists of 6 parts: 3 simple bristles alternating with 3 bristles with a flat scaled enlargement, almost square in shape, covered with vertical ribs. The 3 stamens are 2 times longer than the perianth. The ovary with 3 angles is extended continuously by a style with 3 stigma.
Fruit
The fruit is an achene, obovoid to ellipsoid in shape, trigonal section, with apiculate tip. It is stalked, measuring 0.75 to 1 mm long and 0.5 to 0.6 mm wide. It is smooth and shiny, brown to straw in colour.
Fuirena ciliaris is an annual tufted plant of about 40 cm high. On the stems are spread a few slightly long leaves, narrow, linear and pointed, hairy on two sides and ciliary margin. The terminal inflorescence more or less compact, is composed of several groups of pointed oval spikelets. The glumes are spiral and style is continuous with respect to the ovary. The scales that surround the achene are square whereas they are circular in Fuirena umbellata.
General habit
Annual plant, pubescent, erect stems grouped in loose tuft measuring 35 to 50 cm high.
Underground system
A more or less developed tiller bearing fibrous roots.
Stem
The stem measures 5 to 50 cm long with a diameter of 1 to 2 mm. It is flattened angular, striated, glabrescent at the base and pubescent at top, green in colour. The stems are gathered in clumps.
Leaf
Several leaves, alternate and well spaced along the stem, 5 to 15 cm long and 1-8 mm wide and basal leaves reduced to sheaths. The leaf blade is thin, linear lanceolate with an acute apex. It is covered on two sides with a velvety pubescence and its margin is ciliated. It has no distinct midrib. It is of a more dull green colour on the underside. Leaf sheaths measure 1 to 3 cm long and are also pubescent. There is a membranous glabrous ligule, 0.75 to 2 mm high.
Inflorescence
The terminal inflorescence consists of 1 to 3 groups of spikelets carried by a short pubescent peduncle, contracted in an umbel head of 1.5 to 2 cm in diameter. It is underpinned by a bract looking like a reduced leaf.
Spikelet
The spikelet is ovoid or oblong-elliptic, sub-pointed, measuring 4 to 13 mm long and 4 mm in diameter. It is rough to the touch. It is greyish green in colour. The numerous glumes are intertwined and spirally arranged. They are obovate to oblong, 1.5 to 1.7 mm long and 1.25 mm wide, obtuse to rounded at the tip, with truncate base. They are bright green with 3 midribs, finely puberulous. They have a backbone, 1 to 1.25mm long on the sub-apical position. The perianth consists of 6 parts: 3 simple bristles alternating with 3 bristles with a flat scaled enlargement, almost square in shape, covered with vertical ribs. The 3 stamens are 2 times longer than the perianth. The ovary with 3 angles is extended continuously by a style with 3 stigma.
Fruit
The fruit is an achene, obovoid to ellipsoid in shape, trigonal section, with apiculate tip. It is stalked, measuring 0.75 to 1 mm long and 0.5 to 0.6 mm wide. It is smooth and shiny, brown to straw in colour.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Nomenclature and Classification
No Data
📚 Natural History
Life Cycle
Life cycle
Annual
Madagascar: Fuirena ciliaris flowers from February to June
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
Reproduction
Fuirena ciliaris is an annual plant that is propagated by seed. Sometimes it behaves like a perennial short-lived plant and can be propagated by rhizome fragmentation. Seeds and rhizome fragments are propagated by water.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
Morphology
Growth form
Tuft plant with narrow leaves
Leaf arrangement
Alternate
Leaf type
Grass or grass-like
Grass-like leaf type
Sedge leaf
Type of prefoliation
Folded lead
Latex
Without latex
Stem section
Pentagonal
Root type
Fibrous roots
Ligule type
Ligule membranous large
Hollow or solid stem
Solid stem
Stipule type
No stipule
Leaf attachment type
with united sheathing lobes
Fruit type
Achene
Achene type
Achene trigonous
Lamina base
sheathing the triangular stems
Lamina margin
ciliate
Lamina apex
attenuate
acuminate
Upperface pilosity
Dense hairy
Upperface hair type
Long
Lowerface pilosity
Dense hairy
Lowerface hair type
Long
Simple leaf type
Lamina linear
Lamina section
flat
Lamina Veination
Parallel
Inflorescence type
Panicle
Stem pilosity
Glabrous
Less hairy
Stem hair type
Hispidus
Short and long hairs mixed
Life form
Sedge leaf
Look Alikes
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
At Madagascar, Fuirena ciliaris has the same local name as F. umbellata "Vendranamalona" and can be easily confused with this species. F. ciliaris is an annual species that is distinguished by its smaller size, thinner stem, slightly angular and pubescent and less developed inflorescence. This weed is more widespread than F. umbellata.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Ecology
Fuirena ciliaris occurs in rice fields, humid depressions and marshy meadows.
Madagascar: F. ciliaris is a cyperaceae common in marshes, rice fields and humid areas up to about 1000 m altitude in Madagascar. This species has a preference for rich enough organic matter soils, more or less peaty.
Mauritius: absent.
Reunion: absent.
Seychelles: absent.
Madagascar: F. ciliaris is a cyperaceae common in marshes, rice fields and humid areas up to about 1000 m altitude in Madagascar. This species has a preference for rich enough organic matter soils, more or less peaty.
Mauritius: absent.
Reunion: absent.
Seychelles: absent.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
No Data
📚 Habitat and Distribution
General Habitat
Habitat
Marshland
Description
Geographical distibution
Madagascar
Origin
Fuirena ciliaris is native to Africa and Asia.
Worldwide distribution
It is present in tropical and subtropical Africa, Madagascar, India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, China, Southeast Asia, Indonesia, Australia and the Pacific Islands.
Fuirena ciliaris is native to Africa and Asia.
Worldwide distribution
It is present in tropical and subtropical Africa, Madagascar, India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, China, Southeast Asia, Indonesia, Australia and the Pacific Islands.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
No Data
📚 Occurrence
No Data
📚 Demography and Conservation
Risk Statement
Mauritius: absent.
Reunion: absent.
Seychelles: absent.
Senegal: rare but abundant when present.
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
Local harmfulness
Madagascar: Fuirena ciliaris is a weed with a fairly low frequency in irrigated rice crops, with an abundance that varies depending on soil type. It is sometimes very abundant and harmful in rice fields with fairly fertile soil and poorly maintained, especially on the east coast of Madagascar.Mauritius: absent.
Reunion: absent.
Seychelles: absent.
Senegal: rare but abundant when present.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Uses and Management
Management
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No Data
📚 Information Listing
Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF)
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
References
- Pancho, J.V., Obien, S.R. 1995. Manual of Ricefield Weeds in the Philippines. Philippine Rice Research Institute, Munoz, Nueva Ecija, Philippines.
- Simpson, D. A. & Koyama T., 1998, Flora of Thailand, volume six part four, Cyperaceae. The forest herbarium, royal forest department, Bangkok, Thaïlande.
- Soerjani, M., Kostermans, A.J.G.H., Tjitrosemito, G. 1987. Weeds of rice in Indonesia. Balai Puskata, Jakarta, Indonesia.
- Grard, P., T. Le Bourgeois, J. Rodenburg, P. Marnotte, A. Carrara, R. Irakiza, D. Makokha, G. kyalo, K. Aloys, K. Iswaria, N. Nguyen and G. Tzelepoglou (2012). AFROweeds V.1.0: African weeds of rice. Cédérom. Montpellier, France & Cotonou, Bénin, Cirad-AfricaRice eds.
- I. O. Akobundu, C.W. Agyakwa (1998). A handbook of West African Weeds. International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Ibadan, Nigeria 26p;
- Radanachaless, T., Maxwell, J.F. 1994. Weeds of soybean fields in Thailand. Multiple Cropping Center ed., Chiang Mai Univ., Chiang Mai, Thailand.
- Hutchinson, J., Dalziel, J.M., Keay, R.W.J., Hepper, F.N. 1972. Flora of west tropical africa. The Whitefriars Press, London & Tonbridge, Great Britain.
- Johnson, D.E. 1997. Les adventices en riziculture en Afrique de l'Ouest. ADRAO/WARDA, Bouaké, Côte-d'Ivoire.
- MOODY K. 1989 – Weeds reported in Rice in South and Southeast Asia IRRI Los Banos Philippines 442 pages
- CHERMEZON H., 1937 –Flore de Madagascar (Plantes vasculaires) 29è Famille CYPERACEES MNHN p. 163.
Information Listing > References
- Pancho, J.V., Obien, S.R. 1995. Manual of Ricefield Weeds in the Philippines. Philippine Rice Research Institute, Munoz, Nueva Ecija, Philippines.
- Simpson, D. A. & Koyama T., 1998, Flora of Thailand, volume six part four, Cyperaceae. The forest herbarium, royal forest department, Bangkok, Thaïlande.
- Soerjani, M., Kostermans, A.J.G.H., Tjitrosemito, G. 1987. Weeds of rice in Indonesia. Balai Puskata, Jakarta, Indonesia.
- Grard, P., T. Le Bourgeois, J. Rodenburg, P. Marnotte, A. Carrara, R. Irakiza, D. Makokha, G. kyalo, K. Aloys, K. Iswaria, N. Nguyen and G. Tzelepoglou (2012). AFROweeds V.1.0: African weeds of rice. Cédérom. Montpellier, France & Cotonou, Bénin, Cirad-AfricaRice eds.
- I. O. Akobundu, C.W. Agyakwa (1998). A handbook of West African Weeds. International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Ibadan, Nigeria 26p;
- Radanachaless, T., Maxwell, J.F. 1994. Weeds of soybean fields in Thailand. Multiple Cropping Center ed., Chiang Mai Univ., Chiang Mai, Thailand.
- Hutchinson, J., Dalziel, J.M., Keay, R.W.J., Hepper, F.N. 1972. Flora of west tropical africa. The Whitefriars Press, London & Tonbridge, Great Britain.
- Johnson, D.E. 1997. Les adventices en riziculture en Afrique de l'Ouest. ADRAO/WARDA, Bouaké, Côte-d'Ivoire.
- MOODY K. 1989 – Weeds reported in Rice in South and Southeast Asia IRRI Los Banos Philippines 442 pages
- CHERMEZON H., 1937 –Flore de Madagascar (Plantes vasculaires) 29è Famille CYPERACEES MNHN p. 163.
Images
Herbarium pictures ReCOLNAT: https://explore.recolnat.org/search/botanique/simplequery=Fuirena%2520ciliaris
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
No Data
🐾 Taxonomy
| Root | Root |
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Tracheophyta |
| Class | Liliopsida |
| Order | Poales |
| Family | Cyperaceae |
| Genus | Fuirena |
| Species | Fuirena ciliaris (L.) Roxb. |
📊 Temporal Distribution
📷 Related Observations
