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Hemiboreal Forests

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European Russian Forests

Part of the book series: Plant and Vegetation ((PAVE,volume 15))

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Abstract

Long-term studies of forest vegetation, soil and features of the historical land-use in the hemiboreal region showed that during the last 300 years practically all hemiboreal forests in European Russia have experienced anthropogenic impacts, such as logging, fires, tree planting or agriculture. Various land-use practices have been wider spread in the hemiboreal region, as compared to the boreal one, and that has led to the higher degree of destruction of the hemiboreal forests. Absolute domination of the pioneer trees Betula spp., Populus tremula or Pinus sylvestris in the region and the structural simplification of late-successional dark-coniferous and/or broad-leaved forests are the main results of this destruction. Species-rich hemiboreal forests dominated by Picea abies or P. obovata with Abies sibirica and Tilia cordata in the overstorey and boreal and nemoral tall herbs and ferns in the understorey, with a patchy organization of their forest canopy and a diversity in microsites caused by treefalls are preserved only in the sparsely populated areas that are the most difficult for economic exploitation. However, due to the overlap in the distribution areas of most of the boreal and nemoral plant species in the region and the strong variation of intensity of human impacts over the region, in general a relatively high level of biodiversity is maintained in the hemiboreal forests.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Forest Ecology and Productivity of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

    O. V. Smirnova, L. B. Zaugolnova, D. L. Lugovaya, T. Yu. Samokhina & M. V. Zaprudina

  2. Institute of Physico-Chemical and Biological Problems in Soil Science of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow region, Russia

    M. V. Bobrovsky

  3. Institute of Mathematical Problems of Biology RAS – Branch of the M.V. Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow region, Russia

    L. G. Khanina

  4. Botanical Garden, N.I. Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia

    A. I. Shirokov

  5. WWF Russia, Moscow, Russia

    D. L. Lugovaya

  6. Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

    V. N. Korotkov

  7. Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

    V. A. Spirin

  8. Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway

    V. A. Spirin

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  1. O. V. Smirnova
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  4. L. B. Zaugolnova
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  10. M. V. Zaprudina
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  1. Center for Forest Ecology and Productivity, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

    Olga V. Smirnova

  2. Institute of Physico-Chemical and Biological Problems in Soil Science, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia

    Maxim V. Bobrovsky

  3. Institute of Mathematical Problems of Biology RAS - Branch of the M.V. Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia

    Larisa G. Khanina

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Smirnova, O.V. et al. (2017). Hemiboreal Forests. In: Smirnova, O., Bobrovsky, M., Khanina, L. (eds) European Russian Forests. Plant and Vegetation, vol 15. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-1172-0_4

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