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Icacinaceae

Icacinaceae (Benth.) Miers, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. II, 8:174 (1851), nom. cons.

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Flowering Plants. Eudicots

Part of the book series: The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants ((FAMILIES GENERA,volume 14))

Abstract

Trees, shrubs or lianas, indumentum generally present. Large tubers rarely present. Leaves alternate, rarely opposite, simple, rarely lobed, exstipulate; petioles canaliculate; domatia present or absent, when present pits or pockets; blades coriaceous to sub-coriaceous, rarely membranaceous; margins entire or dentate, slightly revolute; penninerved, rarely palmatinerved. Inflorescences axillary, terminal or cauliflorous, generally cymose or racemose, with one to many bracts, rarely ebracteate; pedicels generally articulated with the flowers. Flowers hypogynous, commonly actinomorphic, rarely zygomorphic; bisexual or unisexual, at least functionally; flowers mostly pentamerous, but in Polycephalium and some Pyrenacantha 3-merous, in Polyporandra up to 7-merous; sepals (3–)5(6), mostly connate below to a varying degree and 4–6-lobed or -toothed, rarely free, imbricate or valvate, fleshy, generally glabrous; petals 4–6, free or united below to a varying degree, pubescent or glabrous, valvate, rarely subimbricate, generally reflexed; apex inflexed, rarely extended into an appendage; stamens 4–6, alternating with the petals; filaments filiform, fleshy, or sometimes broad and flattened; anthers 2(−4)-locular, dorsi- or basifixed, longitudinally dehiscent, introrse, less often latrorse or more or less extrorse; connective sometimes laterally expanded or extended into an appendage; staminodes sometimes present in pistillate flowers; disk present or absent, either annular or cup-like, free or adnate to the ovary, sometimes reduced to a unilateral fleshy scale; pistil pubescent or glabrous, 1(2–3)-locular, rarely pubescent inside, rudimentary in staminate flowers; ovules 2 per locule, pendant from near the apex, collateral or superposed, anatropous, apotropous, unitegmic; style simple, very rarely 2 or 3 stylodia (Casimirella); stigma capitate, punctiform, subcapitate or peltate, entire, 2–5-lobed or crenate or papillose. Fruit a drupe, ovoid, oblong, globose or rarely flattened and with fleshy appendage on one side; endocarp thin and crustaceous to thick and woody, sometimes spongious or fibrous, often veined or ribbed longitudinally. Seed 1, exarillate; embryo commonly minute; endosperm copious, usually non-ruminate.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biodiversity, University of Limpopo, Polokwane, South Africa

    M. J. Potgieter

  2. Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Merida, Yucatan, Mexico

    R. Duno

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  1. Johannes Gutenberg, Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany

    Joachim W. Kadereit

  2. Campinas, Brazil

    Volker Bittrich

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Potgieter, M.J., Duno, R. (2016). Icacinaceae. In: Kadereit, J., Bittrich, V. (eds) Flowering Plants. Eudicots. The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants, vol 14. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28534-4_21

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