NEMATODES OF
FORAGE LEGUMES AND GRASSES
Catalogue and Bibliography 1961-1985
Compiled by Julie M. Stanton and Nora Rizo P.
C'A'B INTERNATIONAL
INTERNATIONAL CENTER FOR TROPICAL AGRICULTURE
NEMATODES OF
FORAGE LEGUMES AND GRASSES
Catalogue and Bibliography 1961-1985
Compiled by Julie M. Stanton and Nora Rizo P.
Q
Co-published by C'A-B International and the International Center for Tropical Agriculture
A//-
Co-Published by C'A'B International
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Oxon OX10 8DE
UK
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First printed in Colombia in 1987
ISBN 89206-69-1
ISBN 89206-66-X
This edition printed in the UK _-ISBN 0 85198 620 X
Š 1988 CAB International and International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT). All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form
or by any means, electronically, mechanically, by photocopying, recording or
otherwise without the prior permission of the copyright owner.
Printed in the UK by Antony Rowe, Chippenham, Wilts.
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
................................................................................................
iv
ORGANIZATION
.................................................................................................
v
ABBREVIATIONS USED IN THIS PUBLICATION ..................................................................
vi
ACKNOW LEDGEM ENTS .........................................................................................
vi
REFERENCES CITED IN INTRODUCTION ........................................................................
vi
SECTION 1:
CATALOGUE OF NEMATODE PARASITES AND THEIR HOSTS .......................................
I
SECTION 2:
A. BIBLIOGRAPHY ................................................................................ Abstracts ....................................................................................... Author Index ................................................................................
89
91
202
B. LIST OF REFERENCES TO FIRST RECORDS
219
....................................................
INTRODUCTION
Beef and milk are staple food cojimodites in the diet of the people of tropical America. Generally, demand for beef and milk increases more rapidly in tropical American countries than does production. This leads to an increase in beef and milk prices which reduces the nutritional and economic status of low income groups. So, there is an ever increasing need to improve production of beef and milk. This can be done by increasing the output of areas already under production as well as by opening up new land for production. In recent years, due to the need to improve animal productivity in the tropics of Latin America, there has been a growing interest in forage species that are adapted to the acid, low fertility soils in areas that have unrealized potential for cattle production. Despite achievements in finding pasture species for this purpose, new problems have arisen. One biotic constraint to pasture production in tropical areas which has been little studied is that of damage to plan.s by plant parasitic nematodes.
Knot Nematodes (feloidogvne spp.) Affecting Economic Food Crops in Developing Nations".
Plant parasitic nematodes have been recognized since World War 2 in the developed world as being a major constraint to crop production. This awareness did not follow simultaneously in developing countries as there were very few trained nematologists to recognize problems which did exist and to take steps to control them.
4) Establish or improve national and regional quarantine services to prevent the introduction and further spread of nematodes which present special threats to food and other economic crops (Peachey, 1969).
The Caribbean Symposium on Nematodes of Tropical Crops held in April 1968 recommended that all Governments and Inter足 Government Agencies concerned with the Caribbean and other tropical regions: 1) Encourage the establishment of training courses or work足 shops in national or regional centres. 2) Develop and intensify the extension or advisory services so as to improve the control of plant nematodes. 3) Place increasing emphasis on the solution of the more practical and urgent problems which are caused by plant nem足 atodes.
The need has arisen to make comprehensive information available to scientists in pasture research, and particularly to those with limited access to literature and/or information services.
There have been several attempts aimed at improving knowledge of nematodes in developing countries. Notable among these has been the International Meloidogyne Project based at North Carolina State University. The project was entitled "Research on Integrated Crop Protection Systems with Emphasis on the Root-
This catalogue and bibliography aims to collect much of the information which has been published on nematode problems of plant species that are used as forage in developing countries.
iv
ORGANIZATION
This publication is divided into two Sections: (Section 1) a Catalogue, and (Section 2) a Bibliography and List of References to First Records.
second a reference in which a change in the name of the nematode is reflected. The name in current use is indexed and used throughout this publication. Where the acronym "Cl P'" appears in
Section 1: Catalogue
the fifth column, this indicates that the reference came from records of the CAB International Institute of Parasitology, St. Albans, UK.
This list of nematodes that reproduce on forage legumes and grasses, or which have been associated with damage to the plant, is organized as follows:
Section 2: Bibliography and List of References
to First Records Section 2A
The first column includes, in alphabetical order, the scientific names of tropical forage grasses and legumes. This list is based on Mejia (1984).
The Bibliography contains 840 abstracts of publications on nematodes, compiled from Helminthological Abstracts(1961足
The second column lists nematodes which reproduce on, or are associated with, each forage species.
1985). To facilitate the use of this work, an alphabetical index of authors and co-.uthors is included. The number appearing next to the name of each author in the index corresponds with the abstract
The third column includes the countries where the plant/nematode relationship has been studied,
in the Bibliography. Abstracts preceded by an asterisk (*) are held in CIAT's library. All documents cited can be found in the CABI collection. Section
The last two columns are indices. The fourth refers to an abstract number within the Bibliography. The fifth refers to the List of References to First Records (see Section 2B). When a number in the fifth column is followed by a second number in parentheses, the first indicates the original reference, and the
2B
A list of 308 References to First Records follows. This list, derived from Goodey et al. (1965), includes only first records of associations where nematodes reproduced on plants.
I. Renamed Helminthologieal Abstracts Series B - Plant Nematology from Volume 39 (1970). v
ABBREVIATIONS USED IN THIS PUBLICATION
REFERENCES CITED IN INTRODUCTION
Ang. Aph. Bel. Dit. Helico. Her. Hop. Mel. Prat. Rad. Trich. .iph.
Goodey, J.B.; Franklin. M.T., Hooper, D.J. 1965. "T. Goodey's The nematode parasites of plants, catalogued under their hosts." Farnham Royal, England, Commonwealth Agricul足 tural Bureaux (CAB). iv + 214 pp.
Anguina Aphelenchoides Belonolaimus Ditylehchus Helicotylenchus Heterodera Hoplolaimus Meloidogyne Pra'vlenchus Radopholus Trichodorus Xiphinema
Mai. W.F. 1985. Plant-parasitic nematodes: their threat to agriculture. In Sasser, J.N.: Carter, C.C. (eds) "An advanced treatise on Meloidogyne, v.l-, North Carolina State Uni足 versity Graphics, Raleigh, USA. pp. 11-17. Mejia, M. 1984. Scientific and common names of tropical forage species. Cali, Colombia, Centro Internacional de Agricultu足 ra Tropical, CIAT. 75 pp. Peachey, J.E., ed. 1969. Nematodes of tropical crops. Tech. Comm. No. 40. Farnham Royal, England, Commonwealth
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Agricultural Bureaux (CAB). 355 pp.
The compilers want to express their appreciation to Lynn Menindez, CIAT Information Specialist, for her valuable collabo足 ration and contribution in the execution of this work.
vi
SECTION 1
Catalogue of Nematode Parasites and Their Hosts
HOST
NEMATODE
COUNTRY
ABSTRACT
REFERENCE
ACACIA ARMATA
Telotylenchus whitei
Australia
ACACIA AURICULIFORMIS
Tylenchorhynchus microconus
India
25
ACACIA BAILEYANA F. Muell.
Mel. arenaria
Mel. javanica
-
-
-
200
200
Mel. sp.
-
-
39
ACACIA CORNIGERA Willd.
Rad. similis
-
-
298
ACACIA CULTRIFORMIS Cunn.
Mel. arenaria
Mel. sp.
-
-
-
200
39
ACACIA CUNNINGHAMII Hook.
Mel. javanica
-
-
64
ACACIA CYANOPHYLLA Lindl.
Mel. hapla
Mel. javanica
-
-
-
ACACIA DEALBATA Link
Mel. javanica
India
756
足
213
102
116
足
-
202
Mel. sp.
-
-
ACACIA DECURRENS Will.
Helico. dihystera
Mel. Javanica
-
-
-
145
185
ACACIA ELATA A. Cunn.
Mel. javanica
-
-
201
ACACIA FISTULA
Paratrophurus kenanae
Sudan
204
足
ACACIA GLAUCOCARPA Maid. & Blakely
Mel. incognita
-
ACACIA GLAUCOPHYLLA Stend.
Mel. sp.
-
ACACIA KOA
Mel. sp.
USA
3
695
23
64
152
HOST
NEMATODE
ACACIA LONGIFOLIA Willd. v. FLORIBUNDA
Mel. sp.
ACACIA MELANOXYLON R. Br.
Mel. javanica
Mel. sp.
ACACIA MERSII DeWild.
Mel. arenaria
Mel. incognita
Mel. javanica
ACACIA MYRTIFOLIA (Sm.) Willd.
Mel. javanica
ACACIA PODALYRIAEFOLIA Cunn.
Mel. javanica
Mel. sp.
COUNTRY
ABSTRACT
REFERENCE
39
Australia
Zimbabawe
81 -
792
39
202
303
64
200
-
-
39
ACACIA PRUINOSA A. Cunn.
Helico. dihystera
Prat. loosi
ACACIA PUGIONIFORMIS Wendl.
Mel. arenaria
64
ACACIA SALIGNA Wendl.
Mel. sp.
39
ACACIA SEYAL Del.
Paratrophurus kenanae
Sudan
ACACIA XANTOPLOEA
Xiph. zulu
South Africa
ACACIA sp.
143
204
66
Het. glycines
Mel. sp.
Prat. vulnus
Rad. rotundisemensus
Rad. vangundyi
Rad. vertexplanus
Rotylenchulus parvus
Xiph. dimorphicaudatum
AESCHYNOMENE ABYSSINICA Valka
-145
Mel. sp.
242
Australia
Australia
Australia
Somalia
South Africa
658 658 658 656 704
23
154
151
4
HOST
AESCHYNOMENE AMERICANA L.
NEMATODE
COUNTRY
ABSTRACT
REFERENCE
Mel. arenaria
Australia
Mel. hapla
Mel. incognita
Australia
Australia
Mel. javanica
Australia
AESCHYNOMENE EVENIA Wright
Mel. javanica
Brazil
AESCHYNOMENE MINUTIFLORA Taub.
Mel. sp.
66
AESCHYNOMENE RHODESIACA Harms.
Mel. sp.
151
ALBIZZIA CHINENSIS (Osbeck) Merr.
Mel. javanica
ALBIZZIA DISTACHYA
Mel. javanica
Australia
ALBIZZIA FALCATA (L.) Backer
Mel. incognita
Mel. sp.
Prat. coffeae
India
-
-
ALBIZZIA JULIBRISSIN Durazz.
Mel. arenaria
Mel. incognita
Mel. javanica
Trich. primitivus
-
-
-
-
ALBIZZIA LEBBECK (L.) Benth.
Mel. incognita
Mel. javanica
India
838
4 4
838
4 838
4 840
-
200
81
341 -
39
91
542,585 -
251,261
105
105
243
341 -
200
Mel. sp.
104
Rad. similis
ALBIZZIA MARANGUENSIS
Mel. incognita
ALBIZZIA MOLUCCANA Miq.
Mel. sp.
India
52
341
306
5
HOST
NEMATODE
COUNTRY
ABSTRACT
REFERENCE
ALBIZZIA ODORATISSIMA (L.f.) Benth.
Mel. incognita
India
341
ALBIZZIA PROCERA
Mel. incognita
India
341
ALBIZZIA RICHARDIANA
Mel. incognita
India
341
ALBIZZIA STIPULATA Boiv. von Steenis
Mel. sp.
ALBIZZIA SUMATRANA von Steenis
Mel. javanica Prat. loosi
ALTERNANTHERA BRASILANA Kuntze
Prat. coffeae
ALTERNANTHERA DENTICULATA R. Br.
Mel. Javanica
64
ALTERNANTHERA FICOIDEA (L.) R. & S.
Mel. javanica
64
ALTERNANTHERA NANA R. Br.
Mel. incognita
ALTERNANTHERA PHILOXEROIDES Griseb.
Mel. sp.
ALTERNANTHERA POLYGONOIDES
Mel. javanica
ALTERNANTHERA PUNGENS H. B. & K.
Mel. javanca
ALTERNANTHERA REPENS (L.)
Mel. incognita Mel. javanica Mel. sp.
O.Kuntze
ALTERNANTHERA SESSILIS R. Br.
Mel. sp. Prat. coffeae
ALTERNANTHERA sp.
Mel. incognita
104 296 143 91
64 235 Brazil
28
201 64 199 153 90 91 138,187
6
HOST
(A. RUGOSUS DC.)
(A. VIOLACEUS (Forsk.) Schindler)
NEMATODE
Mel. Mel. Mel. Mel.
hapla incognita javanica arenaria
COUNTRY
Australia Australia Australia Australia
ABSTRACT
838 838 838 838 33 836 33 836 33 836 836 836
REFERENCE
33 33 836 836 33 836 836
199
187
123 -
-
-
-
218
Prat. coffeae
-
-
91
ANDROPOGON NARDUS L.v. GENUINUS
Prat. coffeae
-
-
91
ANDROPOGON PERTUSUS Willd.
Nothanguina cecidoplastes
-
-
122
ANDROPOGON RHIZOMATUS
Tylenchulus semipenetrans
USA
681
ANDROPOGON SCHOENANTHUS L.
Mel. sp.
ALYSICARPUS VAGINALIS (L.) DC.
ANDROPOGON GAYANUS Kunth.
Aph. sp.
Criconemoides sp.
Dit. sp.
Helico. cavenessi
Ielico. digonicus
Helico. pseudorobustus
Hemicriconemoides cocophillus
Hemicriconemoides oostenbrinki
Hemicycliophora oostenbrinki
Macrophosthonia ornata
Prat. brachyurus
Scutellonema elathricaudatum
Tylenchorhynchus martini
Tylenchus sp.
Xiph. ebriense
Xiph. nigeriense
Brazil
Nigeria
Brazil
Nigeria
Brazil
Nigeria
Nigeria
Nigeria
-
Brazil
Brazil
Nigeria
Nigeria
Brazil
Nigeria
Nigeria
ANDROPOGON GERANDI
Bel. sp.
H~eico. dihystera
USA
USA
ANDROPOGON NARDUS L.
Mel. incognita
ANDROPOr -)N NARDUS L.v. FLEXUOSUS
t
36
7
HOST
ANDROPOGON SORGHUM Brot.
NEMATODE
Mel. sp.
COUNTRY
ABSTRACT
REFERENCE
-151
Prat. ,offeae
-
91
ANDROPOGON SORGHUM Brot. v. AMBER Cane
Mel. sp.
180
ANDROPOGON SORGHUM Brot. v. CAUDATUS
Bailey
ANDROPOGON SORGHUM Brot. v. TECHNICUM
Rotylenchulus reniformis
294
Mel. sp.
91
Bailey
ANDROPOGON TECTORUM Schum. & Thonn.
Rad. nigeriensis
Nigeria
ANDROPOGON VIRGINICUS Trin.
Prat. spp.
-125
ANDROPOGON ZIZANOIDES Urb.
Prat. coffeae
AQUILEGIA CAERULEA James
Prat. penetrans
227
AQUILEGIA LONGISSIMA Hort.
Aph. ritzemabosi
278
AQUILEGIA VULGARIS L.
Aph. ritzemabosi
Mel. incognita
AQUILEGIA sp.
Aph. sp.
Mel. sp.
ARACHIS L. sp.
AXONOPUS AFFINIS Chase
658
-
91
Aphasmatylenchus straturatus
Dit. destructor
Mel. hapla
Scutellonema cavenessi
Mel. arenaria
Mel. incognita
New Zealand
Upper Volta
Senegal
122 -
200
-
176 40
38 503 38
301 192 192
8
HOST
AXONOPUS AFFINIS Chase (Cont'd))
AXONOPUS COMPRESSUS (Swartz) Beauv.
NLMATODE
COUNTRY
Mel. sp.
Pad. similis
ABSTRACT -
REFERENCE
189 G7
Hlelico. pseudorobustus
Nigeria
836
Hemicriconemoides cocophillus Het. sacchari
Nigeria
Nigeria
836
836
Het. schachtii Het. sp. Prat. sp. Scutellenema clathricaudatum
Tylenchorhynchus martini
Xiph. ifacolum
Nigeria Nigeria Nige-ia Nigeria Nigeria Nigeria
424 836 836 836 836 836
AXONOPUS sp.
Criconemoides mutabilis
-
-
217
BAUHINIA THONNINGII Schum.
Mel. sp.
-
BAUHINIA VARIEGATA L.
Mel. javanica
-
-
BRACHIARIA BRIZANTHA (Hochst. ex
Het. schachtii
-
424
Tylenchorynchus martini
Nigeria
836
Aph. sp.
Brazil
839
Criconemoides sp.
Paratrichodorus minor
Trich. sp.
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
839 839 839
A. Rich) Stapf
150
201
(PANICUM BRIZANTHUM Hochst.)
BRACHIARIA DECUMBENS Stapf
BRACHIARIA DEFLEXA (Schum.) C.E.
Hubbard
Mel. sp.
BRACHIARIA FULVA
Telotylenchus baoulensis
BRACHIARIA MILIIFORIIIS (Presl.) Chase
Mel. javanica
79
Ivory Coast
596
64
9
HOST
BRACHIARIA MUTICA (Forsk.) Stapf.
NEMATODE
Aph. sp.
Dolichodorus nigeriensis
Helico. dihystera
Helico. pseudorobustus
Hemicriconemoides cocophillus
Macroposthonia sp.
COUNTRY
ABSTRACT
Brazil
Nigeria
Brazil
Nigeria
Nigeria
Nigeria
839 836 839 836 836 836
REFERENCE
Brazil
Paratrichodorus minor
Prat. braehyurus
Prat. zeae
Prat. sp.
Scutellonema clathricaudatum
Tylenchorhynchus sp.
Xiph. ifacolum
839
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
Nigeria
Nigeria
Nigeria
Nigeria
839 839 583 836 836 836 836
BRACHIARIA RUZIZIENSIS Germ. & Evrard
(B. EMINII Mez.)
Mel. sp.
Madagascar
642
CAJANUS CAJAN (L.) Millsp.
(C. FLAVUS DC)
Basiria graminophila
Clavilenchus sp.
Filenchus sp.
Helico. dihystera
India
India
India
Trinidad
USA
Helico. microcephalus
Helico. talonus
Helico. sp.
Hemicriconemoides cocophillus
Hemicycliophora sp.
Het. cajani
Malawi
Malawi
India
India
India
India
-
Bet. trifolii
Hop. galeatus
India
USA
10
829
178
203
95,256,668
253,540,580
748 178 203
CIP
CIP
CIP
CIP
CIP
CIP
CIP
CIP
_
HOST
CAJANUS CAJAN (Cont'd)
NEMATODE
Hop. seinhorsti
Macrophosthonia ornata
Malenchus sp.
Mel. arenaria
Mel. hapla
Mel. incognita
Mel. javanica
COUNTRY
ABSTRACT
Nigeria
India
India
Australia
USA
Australia
502
-
-
838 178
838 -
Australia
838 829 Trinidad
203,253,753, 761
Australia
Brazil
Puerto Rico
CIP
303
64,187
838 840
782 364
64 183 23
CIP
CIP
Mel. sp.
Nothotylenchus sp.
Ottolenchus sp.
Prat. brachyurus
India
India
USA
Prat. scribneri
USA
Prat. sudanensis
Sudan
178 203 178 203 342
Prat. thornei
India
-
Prat. zeae
India
Prat. sp.
Malawi
Prat. sp.
Trinidad
Rad. similis
REFERENCE
CIP
829
10,43
11
HOST
CAJANUS CAJAN (Cont'd)
NEMATODE
Rotylenchus secondus
Rotylenchulus reniformis
COUNTRY
India
Jamaica
Malawi
Puerto Rico
Trinidad
Scuteilonema magniphasmum
Trich. christiei
Trich. sp.
Tylenchorhynchus claytoni
Malawi
USA
Tylenchorhynchus elegans
Tylenchorhynchus sp.
India
India
Trinidad
Xiph. campinense
Xiph. lambertii
CALOPOGONIUM CAERULEUM Benth.
Mel. javanica
CALOPOGONIUM MUCONOIDES Desv.
Mel. arenaria
Mel. incognita
Mel. javanica
Mel. sp.
Prat. coffeae
Rad. similis
USA
India
Brazil
Colombia
-
-
-
CANAVALIA ENSIFORMIS (Jacq.) DC.
Het. glycines
Mel. incognita acrita
Mel. javanica
Mel. sp.
Prat. brachyurus
CANAVALIA GLADIATA DC.
Mel. incognita
Mel. javanica
-
-
Brazil
Brazil
12
ABSTRACT 372 634 757 829
697,753,761 178 203 178 203 829 355
REFERENCE CIP
-
180 _ CIP CIP 183 -
840
51 -
119 119 21 18 18
431,840 -
242 187 23 187
840
187 -
HOST
CANAVALIA GLADIATA DC.
Mel. sp.
CANAVALIA OBTUSIFOLIA DC
Mel. incognita
CASSIA ABSUS L.
CASSIA ALATA L.
Mel. incognita
Mel. javanica
Prat. brachyurus
Mel. javanica
CASSIA ARTEMESIOIDES Gaudich
Mel. sp.
CASSIA CHAMAECRISTA L.
Prat. brachyurus
CASSIA DIDYMOBOTRYA Fresen.
NEMATODE
COUNTRY
ABSTRACT -
Brazil
173
840
Brazil
REFERENCE
840
187
196
187
足
-
4
-
-
203
Prat. loosi
-
-
143
CASSIA FLORIBUNDA Hort.
Mel. sp.
-
-
CASSIA GORATENSIS Fres.
Mel. sp.
-
-
152
CASSIA HIRSUTA L.
Helico. sp.
Mel. incognita
Prat. brachyurus
-
-
-
-
187
187
187
CASSIA KIRKII Oliv.
Mel. arenaria
Mel. javanica
-
-
-
199
199
CASSIA LAEVIGATA Willd.
Prat. coffeae
-
-
91
CASSIA MIMOSOIDES L.
Mel. incognita
Mel. javanica
Mel. sp.
Prat. coffeae
Prat.? pratensis
-
-
-
-
-
-
64,187
64
19
91
123
13
39
HOST
NEMATODE
COUNTRY
ABSTRACT
REFERENCE
CASSIA OBOVATA Collad.
Mel. sp.
CASSIA OBTUSIFOLIA
Mel. javanica
Brazil
CASSIA OCCIDENTALIS L.
Mel. arenaria
Mel. incognita
Mel. sp.
Prat. ? pratensis
-
-
-
-
CASSIA SIAMESA Lamk.
Helico. sp.
187
Mel. incognita
187
-
263
431
-
193
187
108
123
CASSIA SOPHERA
Mel. javanica
India
392
CASSIA TORA L.
Mel. arenaria
Mel. 'inconita
Mel. javanica
Mel. sp.
Frat. coffeae
Rotylenchulus reniformis
-
-
-
-
India
422 604 -
CASSIA sp.
Het. glycines
242
CENCHRUS BIFLORUS Roxb.
Hemicycliophora paradoxa
187
CENCHRUS CILIARUS L.
(PENNISETUM CILIARE L. Link.)
Helico. dihystera
Mel. javanica
Rad. brevicaudatus
CENCHRUS ECHINATUS L.
Mel. sp.
India
Australia
49 564
193
221
15
273
198
231
14
HOST
NEMATODE
CENTROSEMA PLUMIERI (Turp. ex
Pers.) Benth.
(CLITORIA PLUMIERI Turp.)
Mel. incognita
Mel. sp.
CENTROSEMA PUBESCENS Benth.
Helico. sp.
COUNTRY
ABSTRACT -
187 40
-
187
Macroposthonia fernei
Nigeria
-
Mel. incognita
Mel. sp.
Paratylenchus sp.
frat. brachyurus
Prat. coffeae
Pseudhalenchus sp.
Rad. similis
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
CENTROSEMA VIRGINIANUM (L.) Benth.
Mel. sp.
CENTROSEMA DC. Benth (hybrid)
Mel. javanica
Colombia
CHLORIS GAYANA Kunth.
Bel. longicaudatus
Helico. cavenessi
Helico. dihystera
Helico. pseudorobustus
Hop. pararobustus
Longidorus cohni
Macroposthonia coomansi
Mel. acronea
Mel. incognita
Mel. javanica
Mel. sp.
Prat. brachyurus
Prat. thornei
Rotylenchulus reniformis
Scutellonema brachyurum
USA
Nigeria
Nigeria
Nigeria
Nigeria
Israel
Congo
-
-
-
-
Nigeria
Australia
Nigeria
Zimbabwe
Scutellonema clathricaudatum
Xiph. ifacolum
Nigeria
Nigeria
REFERENCE
-
187
21
187 187
18
18
35
51
563 836 836 836 836 548,609 687 836 47
836
-
836
836
120 177 177 40
CIP
HOST
NEMATODE
CHLORIS PYCNOTHRIX Trin.
Mel. sp.
CHLORIS VIRGATA Sw.
Mel. javanica
CICER ARIETINUM L.
Het. Het. Het. Hop. Hop. Mel.
COUNTRY
-
-
-
52
schachtii
-
-
68
trifolii
dimorphicus
sharafati
incognita
-
India
India
India
Mel. javanica
India
Mel. sp.
Rotylenchulus reniformis
Tylenchorhynchus vulgaris
Tylenchorhynchus sp.
Tylenchus sp.
-
India
India
India
Het. trifolii
CLITORIA TERNATEA L.
Helico. sp.
Mel. javanica
372,834 601 102 169,738,828
100 98,99,708 738 384 101
101
114
23
80
223
Brazil
Mel. sp.
Prat. brachyurus
CROTALARIA ANAGYROIDES H.B. & K.
150
goettingiana
CICER SONGARICUM Steph.
L. sp.
-
REFERENCE
199
-
CLITORIA
ABSTRACT
840 -
Mel. sp.
187
182
79
187
21
Mel. sp.
Prat.? pratensis
Rotylenchulus reniformis
Scutellonema bradys
16
-
-
-
-
-
82
97
80
187
HOST
NEMATODE
COUNTRY
ABSTRACT
REFERENCE
CROTALARIA ANTHYLLOPSIS Welw.
Mel. sp.
-
-
150
CROTALARIA ASTRAGALINA Hochst.
Helico. sp.
-
-
187
CROTALARIA BEQUAERTII Bak. f.
Mel. sp.
-
-
152
CROTALARIA BONGENSIS Bak. f.
v. SHIRENSIS
Mel. sp.
-
-
151
CROTALARIA CLARKEI Gamble
Helico. dihystera
-
-
145
CROTALARIA FERRUGINEA R. Grah.
Het. glycines
-
-
242
CROTALARIA HISLOPII Horbisley
Mel. sp.
-
-
151
CROTALARIA HYSSOPIFOLIA Klotzsch
Mel. sp.
-
-
151
CROTALARIA INCANA L.
Het. glycines
-
-
242
CLOTALARIA INTERMEDIA Kotschy
Het. glycines
Mel. hapla
Mel. incognita
Mel. javanica
Prat. brachyurus
-
-
-
-
-
-
242
178
178
75
187
CROTALARIA JUNCEA L.
Helico. Helico. Helico. Helico.
Nigeria
Nigeria
Nigeria
Papua &
New Guinea
836 836
836
-
India
Thailand
601 447 -
cavanessi
dihystera
pseudorobustus
sp.
Het. glycines
Hop. sharafati
Lobocriconema rara
Mel. arenaria
Mel. hapla
17
足
CIP
242
足 足 177
177
HOST
CROTALARIA JUNCEA L.(Cont'd)
NEMATODE
COUNTRY
Mel. incognita
Mel. javanica
Mel. sp.
Peltamigratus nigeriensis
Prat. brachyurus
Prat. coffeae
Prat. vulnus
Prat. sp.
Rotylenchulus reniformis
Scutellonema clathricaudatum
Xiph. longicaudatum
Nigeria
-
Nigeria
Nigeria
CROTALARIA LANCEOLATA E. Mey.
Het. Mel. Mel. Mel. Mel.
CROTALARIA LONGITHYRSA E. G. Baker
ABSTRACT
REFERENCE
836
836
177 75
23
-
187
91 154
-
232
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
242
178
178
178
17E
Criconemoides onoensis
Helico. sp.
Prat. brachyurus
-
-
-
-
-
-
187
187
187
CROTALARIA MUCRONATA Desv.
(C. STRIATA DC.)
Helico. sp.
Het. glycines
Mel. hapla
Mel. incognita
Mel. sp.
Prat. sp.
Rotylenchulus reniformis
-
-
-
Brazil
-
-
-
-
-
-
28
-
-
-
187
242
64
-
39
125
232
CROTALARIA OCHROLEUCA G. Don.
Het. glycines
Mel. arenaria
-
-
242
199
CROTALARIA OCHROLEUCA G. Don
v. PHLLIPSI
Mel. arenaria
Mel. hapla
-
-
209
201
glycines
arenaria
hapla
incognita
javanica
18
Nigeria
-
836
-
-
836
HOST
NEMATODE
COUNTRY
CROTALARIA OCHROLEUCA (Cont'd)
Mel. incognita acrita
CROTALARIA PAULINA Schrank
Mel. hapla
Mel. javanica
Brazil
CROTALARIA RETUSA L.
Helico. sp.
CROTALARIA RHODESIAE E. G. Baker
CROTALARIA SALTIANA Andrews
ABSTRACT
REFERENCE
201
840
178
-
-
187
Het. glycines
-
-
242
Het. glycines
-
-
242
Mel. sp.
-
-
108
Prat. ? pratensis
-
-
123
CROTALARIA SPECTABILIS
Mel. javanica
Prat. brachyurus
Prat. penetrans
Prat. vulnus
Prat. spp.
Rotylenchulus reniformis
-
-
-
-
-
-
725 -
201
237 154 125 180
CROTALARIA USARAMOENSIS E. G. Baker
Helico. sp.
Mel. sp.
Prat. Lrachyurus
-
-
-
-
187 65 187
CROTALARIA VERRUCOSA L.
Het. glycines
-
-
242
CROTALARIA L. sp.
Het. glycines
Mel. sp.
-
-
-
242
231
CYNODON DACTYLON (L.) Pers.
(C. POLEVANSII (Stent))
Aph. parascalacaudatus
Bel. gracilis
Bel. longicaudatus
India
USA
667 259,398,427
135
759
Criconemoides citri
Criconemoides ornatum
Criconemoides sp.
19
USA
398 -
256
55
HOST
CYNODON DACTYLON (Cont'd)
NEMATODE
COUNTRY
Dolichodorus heterocephalus
Dolichodorus nigeriensis
Helico. dihystera
-
Helico. indicus
Helico. pseudorobustus
Helico. rotundicauda
Hemicycliophora sp.
Het. schachtii
Hop. galeatus
India
Nigeria
USA
Mel. graminis
Mel. incognita
Mel. javanica
USA
India
Mel. sp.
USA
Paratylenchus projectus
Prat. coffeae
Prat. pratensis
Prat. zeae
USA
Rad. similis
-
Rotylenchulus reniformis
Rotylenchulus sp.
Rotylenchus sp.
Scutellonema clathricaudatum
Seriespinula impar
Trich. christiei
-
-
-
Nigeria
India
USA
Nigeria
USA
Nigeria
USA
ABSTRACT 427 836 398 -
661,780 836
740 424 398 427 -
Trich. sp.
20
279,385,676 215 -
REFERENCE
55
207
55
55
262 (263)
127
398 790 -
-
214
192
63
123
16
87
697 836 402
398 -
161
55
192
55
HOST
CYNODON DACTYLON
(Cont'd)
CYNODON DACTYLON (L.) Pers. x C.
TRANSVAALENSIS Burtt-Davey
NEMATODE
USA
Tylenchorhynchus sp.
Tylenchus cynodontus
Xiph.. sp.
India
Criconemoides sp.
Helico. sp.
Hypsoperine graminis
Mel. sp.
Prat. sp.
CYNODON MAGENNSII
Mel. graminis
CYNODON PLECTOSTACHYUM (K. Schum.)
Pilger
Mel. javanica
CYNODON TRANSVAALENSIS Burtt-Dovey
Ang. tumefaciens
Mel. arenaria
CYNODON sp. L.C. Rich.
COUNTRY
Tylenchorhynchus claytoni
ABSTRACT
398 682 -
USA
USA
292 292 292 292
USA
USA
REFERENCE
192
55
55
262 (263)
435
198
Criconemoides sp.
Helico. sp.
Het. longicolla
USA
751
61
South Africa
13 13 367
Mel. arenaria
Mel. graminis
Mel. hapla
Mel. incognita
USA
-
Mel. javanica
Trich. sp.
Tylenchorhynchus sp.
21
-
-
-
405,795 405,525,602, 686
795 306 405,795 405 13 13
795
795
795
795
HOST
CYNODON NLEMFUENSIS Vanderyst
NEMATODE
Aph. sp.
Macroposthonia sp.
COUNTRY
Brazil
Brazil
839 839
Mel. sp.
Paratrichodorus minor
Brazil
Brazil
839 839
DESMODIUM ASCENDENS (Sw.) DC.
Mel. incognita
DESMODIUM ASPERUM Desv.
Prat.
DESMODIUM BARBATUM (L.) Benth.
187
Het. glycines
Het. trifolii
DESMODIUM DIMORPHUM Welw.
Mel. sp.
REFERENCE
187
hyuu
DESMODIUM CANUM (F. J. Gmel.)
(Schinz. & Thell.)
(D. INCANUM (Sw.) DC.)
242
USA
776
150
DESMODIUM DISCOLOR Vog.
Mel. javanica
DESMODIUM HASSLERI (Schindl.) Burkart
Het. glycines
DESMODIUM GYROIDES DC.
(CODARIOCALYS GYROIDES (Roxb. ex
Link) DC.)
Mel. javanica
Prat. loosi
Rad. similis
Colombia
DESMODIUM HETEROCARPON (L.) DC.
Mel. arenaria
Mel. incognita
Mel. javanica
-4
_
-
DESMODIUM INTORTUM (Mill.) Urb.
Mel. arenaria
Mel. hapla
DESMODIUM MOLLE DC.
Mel. javanica
Mel. sp.
Mel. javanica
DESMODIUM MUELLERI Benth.
ABSTRACT
Brazil
840
242
51 -
_
-
4 4
Australia
Australia
838 838
Brazil
840
245
64
7
22
99 (181) 18
HOST
NEMATODE
DESMODIUM NEMOROSUM F. Muell.
Mel. javanica
DESMODIUM OVALIFOLIUM Wall.
Het. glycines
Mel. ? incognita
Mel. javanica
Mel. sp.
Pterotylenchus cecidogenus
COUNTRY
ABSTRACT
REFERENCE
64
Colombia
Colombia
DESMODIUM POLYCARPUM DC.
Mel. incognita
Prat. brachyurus
DESMODIUM RHYTIDOPHYLLUM F. Muell.
Mel. incognita
DESMODIUM SALICIFOLIUM DC.
Het. glycines
DESMODIUM STRICTA DC.
Mel. sp.
DESMODIUM TILIAEFOLIUM G. Don.
Het. glycines
DESMODIUM TORTUOSUM (Sw.) DC.
Bel. gracilis
Mel. arenaria
-
Australia
Mel. hapla
Australia
Mel. incognita
Mel. sp.
Rad. similis
Rotylenchulus reniformis
-
-
-
51
-
5
242
119
-
21
-
-
-
187
187
64
242
23
242
-
-
-
838
-
838
-
-
-
-
-
DESIODIUM TRICHOCAULON DC.
Mel. incognita
DESMODIUM TRIFLORUM (L.) DC.
Mel. Javanica
-
Mel. sp.
-
135
-
178
-
178
178
35
11
52
64
23
64
108
HOST
NEMATODE
COUNTRY
ABSTRACT
REFERENCE
DESMODIUM UNCINATUM (Jacq.) DC
Het. Mel. Mel. Mel. Mel.
DESMODIUM Desv. sp.
Mel. sp.
DESMODIUM VIRGATUS (L.) Willd.
(MIMOSA VIRGATA L.)
Mel. incognita
DICHANTHIUM ANNULATUM (Forsk.) Stapf.
(ANDROPOGON ANNULATUS Forsk.)
Ang. sp.
DIGITARIA CHINESIS Hornem.
Mel. sp.
Prat ? pratensis
DIGITARIA CRUCIATA
Mel. incognita
DIGITARIA DECUMBENS Stent
Aph. sp.
Brazil
839
Bel. longicaudatus
USA
759 555
555 836 836 836 786 839 836 836 836 836
trifolii
arenaria
hapla
incognita
javanica
USA
Australia
Australia
Australia
776 838 838 838 -
64
19
Brazil
840
240
-
108
123
422
Criconemoides sp.
Dolichodorus nigeriensis
Helico. pseudorobustus
Macroposthonia sp.
Mel. incognita
Mel. sp.
Peltamigratus nigeriensis
Prat. sp.
Scutellonema clathricaudatum
Tylenchus sp.
24
Nigeria
Nigeria
Brazil
Brazil
Nigeria
Nigeria
Nigeria
Nigeria
HOST
DIGITARIA ERIANTHA v. STOLONIFERA
NEMATODE
COUNTRY
Mel. sp.
ABSTRACT -
REFERENCE
189
Stapf.
DIGITARIA GAZENSIS
Bel. longicaudatus
USA
DIGITARIA Hailer sp.
Bel. longicaudatus
Bel. gracilis
Prat. brachyurus
?rat. penetrans
USA
-
-
-
DIGITARIA ISCHAEMUM (Schreb.) Muhl.
Mel. sp.
DIGITARIA ORBATA Hughes
Mel. arenaria
DIGITARIA PRURIENS Buese
Mel. sp.
D!GITARIA SANGUINALIS (L.) Scop.
Aph. besseyi
Japan
Bel. gracilis
Bel. sp.
Dit. dipsaci
Helico. dihystera
Het. avenae
Hop. galeatus
Hypsoperine graminis
USA
-
-
-
-
-
Longidorus maximus
-
-
279
Mel. incognita and/or acrita
Mel. javanica
-
-
-
100
64,192
Mel. naasi
-
551
Mel. sp.
Paratylenchus projectus
Prat. brachyurus
Prat. penetrans
Prat. ? pratensis
Prat. zeae
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
563
539,563 -
足 54 203 229 276 64 108
25
550 123 -
足 350
135
足 58
192
149
192
262 (263)
足
108
192
83
229
123
83
HOST
NEMATODE
COUNTRY
ABSTRACT
REFERENCE
DIGITARIA SANGUINALIS (Cont'd)
Rad. similis
Trich. christiei
Tylenchorhynchus claytoni
DIGITARIA SMUTSII Stent
Mel. incognita
Mel. javanica
177
177
DIGITARIA TERNATA (Hochst.) Stapf
Mel. arenaria
Mel. javanica
199
199
DIGITARIA VELUTINA (Forsk.) Beauv.
Hemicycliophora oostenbrinki
Hemicycliophora paradoxa
Mel. arenaria
Mel. javanlca
DIGITARIA VIOLASCENS Link.
Mel. sp.
231
Mel. sp.
231
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
52
192
192
187
187
199
199
DOLICHOS BIFLORUS L.
Mel. sp.
-
-
DOLICHOS CARABAMCITO
Mel. incognita
-
-
187
Prat. brachyurus
-
-
187
DOLICHOS HOSEI Craib
Rad. simil-s
-
-
DOLICHOS LUPINIFLORUS N.E. Br.
Mel. sp.
-
-
150
DOLICHOS TRINERVATUS Bak.
Mel. sp.
-
-
150
DOLICHOS UMBELLATUS Thunb.
Mel. sp.
-
-
ECHINOCHLOA COLONA (L.) Link
Dit. angustus
Ecphyadophoroides graminis
Vietman
India
26
48 499
23
52
23
足
HOST
NEMATODE
COUNTRY
ABSTRACT
REFERENCE
ECHINOCHLOA COLONA (Cont'd)
Het. gramincphila
Mel. graminicola
Mel. sp.
USA
USA
589 726 752
ECHINOCHLOA FRUMENTACEA (Roxb.) Link
(E. CRUS-GALLI (L.) Beauv.)
(V. FRUMENTACEA (Roxb.) W. F. Wight.
Aph. besseyi
Dit. dipsaci
Hirschmanniella oryzae
Mel. incognita
Mel. javanica
Japan
-
-
-
-
555 -
77
295
100
64
Mel. sp.
-
-
40
Prat. neglectus
Prat. penetrans
-
-
-
Prat. zeae
USA
790 -
8
130,190
(215)
156
ECHINOCHLOA Beauv.sp.
Het. graminophila
USA
318
ERAGROSTIS ARENICOLA (L.) Gaertn.
Mel. incognita
ERAGROSTIS ASPERA (Jacq.) Nees
Mel. incognita
Mel. javanica
199
-
199
199
ERAGROSTIS CHLOROMELAS
Mel. sp.
ERAGROSTIS CILIARIS Link
Mel. sp.
ERAGROSTIS CURVULA (Schrad.) Nees
Mel. acronea
Mel. incognita
Mel. javanica
ERAGROSTIS DIFFUSA Buckl.
Mel. sp.
39
ERAGROSTIS ELONGATA (Willd.) Jacq.
Mel. arenaria
64
Madagascar
-
-
-
27
841
-
151
-
120
177
177
HOST
NEMATODE
COUNTRY
ABSTRACT
REFERENCE
ERAGROSTIS GUMMIFLUA Nees
Mel. javanica
ERAGROSTIS LEHMANNIANA Nees
Mel. acronea
120
ERAGROSTIS MAJOR Host
Mel. sp.
212
ERAGROSTIS PILOSA Beauv.
Mel. incognita
194
ERAGROSTIS RACEMOSA (Thunb.) Steud.
ERAGROSTIS TEF Trotter
-
-
199
Mel. arenaria
202
Mel. javanica
199
Mel. incognita
177
Mel. javanica
75
ERAGROSTIS TENUIFOLIA
Aph. besseyi
Mel. javanica
Mel. sp.
Australia
-
-
ERAGROSTIS VISCOSA Trin.
Mel. incognita
Mel. javanica
Mel. sp.
-
-
-
ERECHTITES ATKINSONIAE F. Muell.
Mel. incognita
ERECHTITES PRAEALTA Raf
Aph. besseyi
Dit. dipsaci
Mel. sp.
Prat. ? pratensis
-
-
-
-
ERECHTITES PRENANTHOIDES
Mel. hapla
Australia
ERECHTITES QUADRIDENTATA DC.
Mel. incognita
Mel. sp.
-
-
ERECHTITES VALERIANAEFOLIA DC.
Mel. incognita
Mel. javanica
Mel. sp.
461 -
足 199
150
-
199
199
150
64
155
足 64
188
-
-
28
254
58
40
123
120
64 231
HOST
NEMATODE
ERECHTITES VALERIANAEFOLIA (Cont'd)
Rorylenchulus reniformis
EREMOCHLOA OPHIUROIDES (Muhro) Hack.
Bel. gracilis Criconemoides Criconemoides Criconemoides
citri
ornatus
sp.
COUNTRY
ABSTRACT
REFERENCE
180
USA
USA
663 832
737 -
55 55
Dolichodorus heterocephalus
-
Hemicycliophora parvana
Hemicycliophora sp.
Hop. galeatus
USA
Macroposthonia sphaerocephala
USA
17
Prat. goodeyi
Prat. sp.
USA
663 -
125
Trich. christiel
USA
663
Trich. sp.
-
-
55
Tylenchorhynchus sp.
Xiph. sp.
-
-
-
55
55
Rotylenchus sp.
55
17,663 -
-
ERIOSEMA PSORALOIDES Don
Mel. sp.
ERYTHRINA AMERICANA Mill.
Mel. sp.
ERYTHRINA CRISTA-GALLI L.
Mel. sp.
-
ERYTHRINA LITHOSPERMA Blume
ERYTHRINA sp.
Helico. dihystera
Helico. erythinae
Mel. javanica
Mel. sp.
Scutellonema brachyurum
Mel. sp.
-
-
-
-
-
-
GALACTIA P. Br.sp.
GLYCINE ALBIDIFLORA de Wild
Mel. sp.
Mel. sp.
5
55
55
151
23
29
174
-
145
307
296
306
98
296
-
35 152
HOST
NEMATODE
COUNTRY
ABSTRACT
REFERENCE
GLYCINE CLANDESTINA Wendl.
Het. glycines
242
GLYCINE GRACILIS Skvortz
Het. glycines
259
GLYCINE JAVANICA L.
Mel. arenaria
838 838 -
178
178
177
Australia
838
Brazil
840 -
177
Australia
Mel. hapla
Australia
Mel. incognita
Mel. javanica
GLYCINE USSURENSIS Regel & Maack.
Het. glycines
HARDENBERGIA MONOPHYLLA Benth.
Mel. sp.
-
-
HEMARTHRIA ALTISSIMA (Poir.) Stapf &
Hubbard
Bel. longicaudatus
Criconemoides sp.
-
-
555
555
HFMARTHRIA P. Br.sp.
Bel. longicaudatus
USA
539
HYPARRHENIA COLLINA
Ang. hyparrheniae
Malawi
700
HYPARRHENIA CYANESCENS Stapf
Hemicycliophora oostenbrinki
-
HYPARRHENIA RUFA (C. G. Nees) Stapf
(ANDROPOGON RUFUS Kunth)
(TRACHYPOGON RUFUS Nees)
Hemicycliophora oostenbrinki
Telotylenchus baoulensis
Trichotylenchus rectangularis
Tylenchorhynchus martini
Nigeria
Ivory Coast
Ivory Coast
Nigeria
836 596 596 836
IMPERATA CYLINDRICA (L.) Beauv.
Dolichodorus nigeriensis
Helico. cavenessi
Nigeria
Nigeria
836
836
149
30
23
187
HOST
IMPERATA CYLINDRICA (Cont'd)
NEMATODE
COUNTRY
ABSTRACT
REFERENCE
Helico. longicaudatus
Hop. pararobustus
Prat. sp.
Rad. nigeriensis
Scutellonema clathricaudatum
Tylenchorhynchus martini
Tylenchus sp.
Nigeria Nigeria Nigeria Nigeria Nigeria Nigeria Nigeria
836 658 836 836 836
Xiph. ifacolum
Nigeria
836
IMPERATA CYLINDRICA (L.) Beauv.
v. MAJOR
Rad. rectus
Australia
564
INDIGOFERA ANIL L.
Het. glycines
Mel. sp.
Prat. ? pratensis
Rotylenchulus reniformis
-
-
-
-
INDIGOFERA ANTUNESIANA Harms.
Mel. sp.
-
INDIGOFERA ARRECTA Hochst.
Mel. incognita
Mel. javanica
Mel. sp.
-
-
-
INDIGOFERA AUSTRALIA Willd.
Mel. arenaria
-
64
Mel. javanica
-
64
INDIGOFERA BOGDANII (?)
Mel. javanica
-
303
INDIGOFERA DEMISSA Taub.
Mel. sp.
-
152
INDIGOFERA DENDROIDES Jacq.
Mel. sp.
-
151
INDIGOFERA DOSUA Buch.-Ham.
Het. glycines
-
242
31
-
-
242
231
123
180
151
-
303
303
150
HOST
INDIGOFERA ENDECAPHYLLA Jacq.
NEMATODE
Mel. javanica
COUNTRY
Mel. sp.
Rad. similis
-
ABSTRACT
-
INDIGOFERA ENNEAPHYLLA L.
Mel. sp.
INDIGOFERA HIRSUTA L.
Mel. arenaria
Mel. hapla
Mel. incognita
Australia
Australia
Australia
838 838
838
Mel. javanica
Australia
Brazil
838 840
REFERENCE
64 18 18 7
-
Mel. sp.
Rad. similis
-
足 足 193
足 足
64
151
27
INDIGOFERA MALACOSTACHYS Benth.
Mel. sp.
INDIGOFERA MUCRONATA Spreng. ex DE.
Het. glycines
INDIGOFERA PARODIANA Burkart
Het. glycines
INDIGOFERA PHYLLANTHOIDES Bak.
Mel. sp.
INDIGOFERA RHYNCOCARPA Welw.
Mel. sp.
INDIGOFERA SUBULATA Poir.
Het. glycines
_
Mel. javanica
242
_
201
INDIGOFERA TETELENSIS
151
242
242
150
152
Het. glycines
242
32
HOST
NEMATODE
COUNTRY
ABSTRACT
REFERENCE
INDIGOFERA TINCTORIA L.
Het. glycines
INDIGOFERA KIRILOWI
Criconemella myungsugae
INDIGOFERA sp.
Mel. sp.
150,151
INCA sp.
Mel. sp.
73
LABLAB PURPUREUS (L.) Sweet
(DOLICHOS LABLAB L.)
(DOLICHOS PURPUREUS L.)
(L. NIGER Med.)
(L. VULGARIS Savi)
Deladenus indicus
Het. cajani
Het. glycines
Mel. arenaria
Korea
India
Mel. incognita
Australia
Brazil
Australia
Mel. javanica
Australia
Mel. sp.
India
Madagascar
Prat. brachyurus
Prat. sudanensis
Rotylenchus siddiqii
Sudan
India
242
598
245 540 838 431
838 838 -
245 641 408 372
242
30
199
23
187
LATHYRUS APHACA L.
Het. glycines
Het. ? schachtii
242
112
LATHYRUS ARTICULATUS L.
Het. trifolii
242
LATHYRUS CICERA L.
Het. glycines
Het. ? schachtii
Mel. sp.
LATHYRUS CLYMENUM L.
Het. trifolii
-
-
-
-
242
166
23
223
33
HOST
NEMATODE
COUNTRY
ABSTRACT
REFERENCE
LATHYRUS HETEROPHYLLUS
Het. goettingana
304
LATHYRUS HIRSUTUS
Het. goettingiana
Rotylenchulus reniformis
304
28
LATHYRUS INCONSPICUUS L.
Het. glycines
242
LATHYRUS LATIFOLIUS L.
Het. sp.
130
Mel. sp.
-
-
109
LATHYRUS MAGELLANICUS Lam.
Het. goettingiana
-
-
223
LATHYRUS NIGER (L.) Bernh.
Het. goettingiana
304
LATHYRUS NISSOLIA L.
Het. goettingiana
304
LATHYRUS OCHRUS DC.
Het. goettingiana Mel. sp.
LATHYRUS ODORATUS L.
Dit. Het. Het. Het. Het. Mel. Rel. Mel.
dipsaci
? schachtii
schachtii
trifolii
sp.
arenaria
apla-
nconita
-284
-
-
304
208
-
94
238
210
130
209
213
209
-
-
-
-
Mel. javanica
Mel. sp.
Paratylenchus projectus
Prat. penetrans
Prat. ? pratensis
Prat. vulnus
34
197
23
280
144
121
154
HOST
NEMATODE
COUNTRY
ABSTRACT
REFERENCE
LATHYRUS PALUSTRIS L.
Het. goettingiana
-
-
304
LATHYRUS SATIVUS L.
Dit. Het. Het. Het. Het. Mel.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
22
242
304
64
223
23
LATHYRUS SYLVESTRIS L.
Het. sp.
LATHYRUS TINGITANUS L.
Het. Het. Mel. Het.
LATHYRUS TUBEROSUS L.
dipsaci
glycines
goettingiana
? schachtii
trifolii
sp.
130
? schachtii
trifolii
sp.
glycines
-
USA
-
-
LATHYRUS sp.
Mel. hapla
Mel. sp.
-
-
LEERSIA HEXANDRA Sw.
Dit. angustus
Burma
LESPEDEZA BICOLOR Turcz
Het. glycines
Mel. sp.
-
-
LESPEDEZA BUERGERI Miq.
Het. glycines
LESPEDEZA CUNEATA G. Don
Helico. dihystera
Het. glycines
Hop. galeatus
Mel. arenaria
Mel. hapla
Mel. incognita
Mel. javanica
Mel. sp.
776 -
68
23
242
106
160
285
242
23
242
35
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
729 729 729 729 -
192
259
192
5
HOST
LESPEDEZA CUNEATA (Cont'd)
NEMATODE
Paratylenchus projectus
Trich. christiei
Tylenchorhynchus claytoni
LESPEDEZA CYRTOBOTRYA Miq.
Mel. sp.
LESPEDEZA CYSTOIDES Benth.
Mel. sp.
LESPEDEZA SERICEA Benth.
Mel. Mel. Mel. Mel. Mel.
LESPEDEZA STIPULACEA Makim.
LESPEDEZA STRICTA Hook.
COUNTRY
-
ABSTRACT
-
-
-
-
-
REFERENCE
192
192
165
5
5
arenaria
hapla
incognita
-
javanica
sp.
Helico dihystera
Het. glycines
Het. lespedezae
Het. trifolii
Hop. aleatus
Mel. arenaria
Mel. hapla
Mel. incognita
Mel. javanica
Mel. sp.
Paratylenchus projectus
Trich. christiei
Tylenchorhynchus claytoni
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
779
-
-
-
-
-
685
-
USA
Her. lespedezae
USA
-
376,774 --
Mel. hapla
192
260
-
103
192
192
300
300
300
300
273
154
154
165
Het. glycines
Mel. arenaria
171
171
171
171
275
259
-
779
300
300
36
HOST
NEMATODE
COUNTRY
ABSTRACT
REFERENCE
LESPEDEZA STRICTA (Cont'd)
Mel. incognita
Mel. javanica
Mel. sp.
Paratylenchus projectus
Trich. christiei
-
-
-
-
-
-
300
300
15
69
69
LESPEDEZA sp.
Bel. gracilis
Prat. brachyurus
Prat. penetrans
Prat. spp.
-
-
-
-
-
135
255
44
125
LEUCAENA LATISILIQUA
Helico. dihystera
India
60
LEUCAENA LEUCOCEPHALA (Lam.) de Wit
(L. GLAUCA (L.) Benth.)
Mel. javanica
Mel. sp.
-
-
Mel. incognita
Papua &
289
23
(MIMOSA GLAUCA L.)
(MIMOSA LEUCOCEPHALA Lam.)
LEUCAENA Benth. sp.
-
CIP
New Guinea
LUPINUS ALBO-COCCINEUS
Het. trifolii
LUPINUS ALBUS
Dit. dipsaci
Het. glycines
England
USA
Het. Mel. Mel. Mel.
Australia
Australia
200 86 325 838 838
Australia
838
304
goettingiana
arenaria
hapla
incognita
-
Mel. javanica
-
Mel. sp.
84
175
199
178
64
23
37
HOST LUPINUS ANGUSTIFOLIS L.
NEmaTODE
COUNTRY
Aph. bicaudatus Bel. gracilis Dit. dipsaci
ABSTRACT
-
Mel. arenaria Mel. hapla
Australia
838
Australia
838 -
Mel. incognita Australia
Mel. javanica Mel. sp. Prat. coffeae Prat. penetrans Prat. spp. Tylenchus costatus
-
838 838 -
Australia -
REFERENCE 63 118 163
178 178 64,178 64 23 63 76 125 63
LUPINUS ARBOREUS Sims
Het. glycir9s
-
-
242
LUPINUS ELEGANS H.B. & K.
Het. &lycines Het. trifolii
-
-
242 223
LUPINUS HARTWEGII Lindl.
Het. glycines
-
-
242
LUPINUS HIRSUTUS L.
Mel. sp.
LUPINUS LUTEUS L.
Bel. gracilis Dit. dipsaci Het. glycines Het. goettingiana Longidorus maximus Mel. arenaria
230 -118 _
Australia
38
-
838
204 242 94 279 178 -
HOST
LUPINUS LUTEUS (Cont'd)
NEMATODE
COUNTRY
Mel. hapla
Australia
Mel. incognita
ABSTRACT
REFERENCE
838 838 -
178
足 178
足 178
23
225
110
Mel. javanica
Mel. sp.
Prat. penetrans
Prat. ? pratensis
Australia
-
-
-
-
LUPINUS MUTABILIS Sweet
Het. glycines
Mel. sp.
-
-
-
242
39
LUPINUS MUTABILIS Sweet v.
CRUCKSHANKSI
Het. goe.tingiana
-
-
175
Het. schachtii
-
-
68
LUPINUS NANUS Dougl.
Het. schachtii
-
-
238
LUPINUS POLYPHYLLUS Lindl.
Het. trifolii
Mel. sp.
Prat. penetrans
-
-
-
-
223
41
225
LUPINUS PUBESCENS Benth.
Het. glycines
-
-
242
LUPINUS REGALIS Bergmans
Mel. javanica
-
-
199
LUPINUS RIVULARIS Dougl. ex Lindl.
Het. glycines
-
-
242
LUPINUS SUBCARNOSUS Hook.
Het. trifolii
-
-
242
LUPINUS TERMIS
Het. goettingiana
Mel. incognita
Mel. Sp.
-
Egypt
150
175
足
LUPINUS VILLOSUS Willd.
Mel. sp.
-
23
35
39
HOST LUPINUS L. sp.
LUPINUS sp.
MACROPTILIbM (Benth.) Urb. sp.
NEMATODE Aph. ritzemabosj Het. glycines Het. goettingiana
COUNTRY
Mel. javanica Mel. sp. Paratylenchus nanus Prat. ? pratensis
_ _
Mel. javanica
MEDICAGO ARABICA (L.) All.
Het. glycines Mel. sp.
MEDICAGO FALCATA L.
Dit. dipsaci Mel. hapla Mel. sp.
MEDICAGO GAETULA MEDICAGO GLUTINOSA Bieb.
MEDICAGO HISPIDA Gaertn.
MEDICAGO LUPULINA L.
ABSTRACT
REFERENCE
2 664
242 -
USSR USSR
56
124 40 56 -
Colombia
51
Italy
-
-
-
265 242
-
20 268 294
Mel. hapla
268
Dit. dipsaci Mel. hapla Dit. Het. Mel. Mel.
-
dipsaci glycines inconta sp.
Dit. dipsaci Het. ? schachtii
Het. sp. Mel. artiellia Mel. hapla
24 268
-
-
-
-
81 242 64 195
_
-
-
274 281
-
130 95
-
_
40
199
HOST
MEDICAGO LUPULINA (Cont'd)
NEMATODE
MEDICAGO MARINA
Mel. incognita
Prat. penetrans
Mel. hapla
MEDICAGO MlNIMA (L.) L.
Dit. dipsaci
MEDICAGO ORBICULARIS All.
Dit. dipsaci
Het. glycines
MEDICAGO SATIVA L.
Aph. ritzemabosi
Aph. sp.
Criconemoides curvatus
COUNTRY
-
-
-
ABSTRACT -
REFERENCE
I00
227
268
81
-
Criconemoides lobatus
Criconemoides sp.
Dit. dipsaci
-
Canada
USA
481 274 361 103 Argentina
665 Australia
664 Canada
193,481,710,
809,814,823
Czechos 297,319,370
lavakia
Denmark
746 England
30,59,92,
France
145,151,
206,271
Hungary
167 Iran
479 New Zealand 57,138,148,
159,560,599
Peru
797
Sweden
469,561,652,
820
77,103,109,
USA
118,121,135,
138,164,166,
194,274,351,
388,473,574,
41
24
242
37
216
14
HOST
MEDICAGO SATIVA (Cont'd)
NEMATODE
COUNTRY
Dit. dipsaci (Cont'd)
ABSTRACT
REFERENCE
582,651,653,
669,679,684,
769,809,825
USSR
Yugoslavia
Dit. destructor Dit. medicaginis Helico. digonicus
Helico. Helico. Helico. Helico. Helico.
dihystera
leucernis
multicinctus
orthosomaticus
sp.
42
Poland
Canada
USA
USA
Pakistan
USSR
Tanzania
USA
89,151,272,
348,383
84,817
94,179,181,
185,208,221,
225,240,249,
266,267,278,
287,314,320,
324,339,340,
353,374,397,
418,462,468,
475,490,496,
515,522,549,
558,566,569,
594,623,631,
671,690,699,
706,707,713,
716,728,745,
753,764,770,
787,794,801,
802,807
166
86
720
-
426
156,171
164
243
272
590
103
-
-
-
-
-
-
HOST
MEDICAGO SATIVA (Cont'd)
NEMATODE
COUNTRY
ABSTRACT
REFERENCE
Hemicycliophora similis
157
Het. Het. Het. Het.
242
258
glycines
goettingiana
medicaginis
paratrifolil
USSR
USSR
Het. ? schachtii
Het. rrifolii
Het. sp.
USSR
Hop. galeatus
USA
Macroposthonia curvata
Mel. arenaria
USA
Mel. artiellia
Mel. hapla
Canada
Italy
USA
Mel. hapla
43
6 404
534 407 277,722
170 188 299 156,171 471 108,162,163, 168
12,114
12,109,119,
120,121,164,
166,186,190,
210,221,222,
227,248,251
268,287,322,
351,361,373,
374,387,407,
466,523,526,
549,575,581,
584,597,607,
622,635
137
297
130
269
249
95
HOST
MEDICAGO SATIVA (Cont.)
NEMATODE
Mel. incognita
COUNTRY
Brazil
Canada
USA
Mel. javanica
Mel. sp.
New Zealand
USA
USA
Canada
Paratylenchus sp.
Prat. Prat. Prat. Prat.
brachyurus
coffeae
minyus
neglectus
Prat. penetrans
USA
Canada
Taiwan
USA
Prat. penetrans
-
Prat. ? pratensis
44
840 618,803 194 119,195
222,524,537 471,474,456,
345,187
803 36,316,335 77,103,135, 274
184,314,338, 558,633
Neotylenchus obesus
Paratrichodorus minor
Paratylenchus projectus
ABSTRACT
REFERENCE
249
249
249
92
288
156,171 481,521 -
632
288
69
471
16
17
156
15,65,68,70 132,161,421
608
32,85,109, 154,164,171,
209,230,260,
154
345,349,375,
378,381,456
492,537,538,
562,626,698,
701,705,714,
788
59
HOST
MEDICAGO SATIVA (Cont'd)
NEMATODE
COUNTRY
Prat. pratensis
USSR
Prat. scribneri
Prat. vulnus
Prat. sp.
USA
Psilenchus iranicus
Rad. similis
Rotylenchus goodeyi
Trich. christiei
754 481 77,103,135 630 718 -
USA
USA
Canada
Tylenchorhynchus brevidens
Tylenzhorhynchus clarus
-
Tylenchorhynchus claytoni
USA
-
-
-
-
Iran
USA
-
Tanzania
Canada
USA
REFERENCE
272
Canada
USA
Iran
Trich. sp.
Tylenchorhynchus acutus
Tylenchorhynchus maximus
Tylenchus agricola
Tylenchus bryophilus
Tylenchus clavidorus
Xiph. americanum
Xiph. heynsi
Xiph. sp.
ABSTRACT
164,754 103 481 650 274 191,300 164 647,758 758 545 724,733,744 244 481 103
154 87 14 244 12 14 165 14 157 12 -
MEDICAGO SCUTELLATA (L.) Mill.
Mel. javanica
64
MEDICAGO TRIBULOIDES Desr.
Mel. incognita
64
MELILOTUS ALBA (Desr.) Med.
(M. ALBUS Med.)
Bel. gracilis
Dit. dipsaci
Het. glycines
-
-
-
45
-
118 266 242
HOST
NEMATODE
MELILOTUS ALBA (Cont'd)
Het. trifolii
Het. sp.
Mel. hapla
Mel. incognita
Mel. javanica
Mel. sp.
Paratylenchus projectus
Prat. penetrans
Prat. ? pratensis
Prat. vulnus
Tylenchorhynchus sp.
COUNTRY
USA
USA
ABSTRACT
195 195
-
-
-
-
-
REFERENCE
103
130
足 足 200
15
69
291
72
154
203
MELILOTUS ALBA Desr. v. ANNUA Cot.
Helico microlobus
Mel. sp.
-
-
282
39
MELILOTUS ALBA Desr. v. Spanish MELILOTUS ALBA Desr. v. Williamette
Prat. penetrans
Het. trifolii
_
-
154
103
MELILOTUS GRACILIS DC.
Het. glycines
MELILOTUS HIRSUTA Lipski
Het. glycines
MELILOTUS INDICA (L.) (M. INDICUS All.)
Dit. dipsaci
Het. glycines
Mel. sp.
All.
MELILOTUS OFFICINALIS (L.) Lam.
Het. Het. Mel. Mel.
242
-
glycines242 trifolii hapla sp.
-
242
458
-
-
足 242 23
-
-
-
103
236
294
MELILOTUS SUAVEOLENS Ledeb.
Het. glycines
MELILOTUS sp.
Mel. sp.
-
MELINIS MINUTIFLORA Beauv.
Aphelenchoides sp.
Criconemoides sp.
Brazil
Nigeria
242
46
839 836
39
足
HOST
NEMATODE
COUNTRY
MELINIS MINUTIFLORA (Cont'd)
Hemicriconemoides cocophillus
Mel. sp.
Peltamigratus nigeriensis
Prat. sp.
Scutellonema clathricaudatur
Tylenchorhynchus sp.
Nigeria
Madagascar
Nigeria
Nigeria
Nigeria
Nigeria
MIMOSA INVISA Mart.
Mel. incognita
Mel. javanica
ABSTRACT
REFERENCE
836 641 836 836 836 836
-
-
-
-
289 64
Mel. sp.
-
-
228
Prat. brachyurus
Prat. coffeae
-
-
187 91
MIMOSA PUDICA L.
Mel. sp.
-
-
40
MIMOSA SCABRELLA Benth.
Mel. incognita
-
-
187
MUCUNA ATERRINA Merrill
Mel. sp.
-
-
79
MUCUNA PRURIENS (L.) DC.
Mel. sp.
-
-
23
MUCUNA PRURIENS DC. v. UTILIS
(Wall.) Bak. ex Burck.
Mel. javanica
-
-
201
PACHYRHIZUS EROSUS (L.) Urban
Mel. sp.
PACHYRHIZUS TUBEROSUS Spreng.
Mel. arenaria
Mel. sp.
-
-
PANICUM ANTIDOTALE Retz.
Hemicycliophora oostenbrinki
Hemicycliophora paradoxa
Mel. incognita
-
-
-
PANICUM ATROSANGINEUM Hochst. ex.
A. Rich
Mel. Javanica
201
PANICUM AURITUM Presl.
Mel. sp.
124
85
47
139 42 -
187 187 187
-HOST
PANICUM BISULCATUM PANICUM BREVIFOLIUM L. PANICUM CAPILLARE L.
PANICUM COLONUM L.
NEMATODE
Aph. besseyi
ABSTRACT 550
Prat. brachvurus
REFERENCE
187
Mel. incognita
100
Hirschmanniella oryzae
Mel. javanica
Mel. sp.
PANICUM COLORATUM L.
Mel. javanica
PANICUM HEMITOMON Schult.
Rad. similis
PANICUM MAXIMUM Jacq.
Aph. besseyi
Helico. pseudorobustus
Helico. dihystera
Hemicycliophora paradoxa
Macroposthonia
Mel. incognita
Mel. sp.
-
-
295
199
39
199
26
Prat. brachyurus
Prat. zeae
Rad. similis
Sarisodera africana
Scutellonema aberrans
Scutellonema cavenessi
Scutellonema clathricaudatum
Tylenchorhynchus elegans
Tylenchorhynchus martini
Xiph. longicaudatum
PANICUM MILIACEUM L.
COUNTRY
Japan
Bel. gracilis
Dit. dipsaci
Mel. sp.
Australia
Nigeria
Nigeria
461 836 836
Brazil
839
Zimbabwe
-Brazil
Ivory Coast
Nigeria
Nigeria
Nigeria
Nigeria
Nigeria
Nigeria
-
583 413 836 -
836
836
CIP
187
177
614
79
187
26
CIP
CIP
CIP
51
158
150
48
HOST
NEMATODE
COUNTRY
ABSTRACT
REFERENCE
PANICUM PROSTRATUM Lam.
Mel.
sp.
-
79
PANICUM REPENS L.
Mel.
sp.
-
124
PANICUM TURGIDUM Forsk.
Mel. sp.
PA!ICUM L.
Cacopaurus sp. Mel. sp.
Prat. ? pratensis
-
-
PASPALUM COMMERSONII L.
Hirschmanniella oryzae
-
PASPALUM CONJUGATUM Sw.
Helico. sp.
Het. schachtii
Prat. brachyurus
Prat. coffeae
-
Nigeria
PASPALUM DILATATUM Poir.
Bel. gracilis
Helico. cavenessi
Helico. dihystera
Helico. microcephalus
Helico. pseudorobustus
Hemicriconemoides cocophillus
Mel. sp.
Prat. brachyurus
Scutellonema clathricaudatum
Trich. christiei
Tylenchorhynchus claytoni
Tylenchorhynchus martini
Tylenchus sp.
Xiph. ifacolum
sp.
-
Nigeria
Nigeria
Nigeria
Nigeria
Nigeria
Nigeria
212
-
295
-
187
CIP
187
91
836 836 836
836 836 836 -
135
207
-
-
Nigeria
Nigeria
836 836
273
PASPALUM FASCICULATUM Willd. ex.
Fliegge
PASPALUM LAEVE Michx.
Het. graminis
Trinidad
Mel. sp.
-
PASPALUM LARRANAGAI Aresch.
Mel. sp.
298 40 123
189
192
192
88
40
108
49
HOST
NEMATODE
PASPALUM MALACOPHYLLUM Trin.
Mel. sp.
PASPALUM NOTATLM Fleigge
Bel. longicaudatus Criconemoides sp. Helico. cavenessi Helico. dihystera Helico. pseudorobustus Hop. pararobustus Hysoperine graminis Mel. arenaria Mel. incognita Mel. javanica Mel. sp. Paratylenchus projectus Prat. brachyurus Rad. similis Scutellonema clathricaudatum Trich. christiei Tylenchorhynchus claytoni Tylenchorhynchus nudus Xiph. ifacolum
COUNTRY
ABSTRACT
REFERENCE 189
555 555 836 836 836 836 836
Nigeria Nigeria Nigeria
Nigeria Nigeria -
Nigeria Nigeria
836 836
-
262
192 (263) 192 192 192 189 192 87 192 192 -
PASPALUM ORBICULARE Forst.
Prat. ? pratensis
123
PASPALUM SCROBICULATUM L.
Criconemoides onoensis Helico. sp. Prat. brachyurus
187
PASPALUM LRVILLEI Steud.
Mel. sp.
189
PASPALUM VIRGATUM L.
Hemicycliophora paradoxa Mel. incognita
-
PASPALUM L.sp.
Het. sp.
Nigeria
PENNISETUM CLANDESTINUM Hochst. ex.
Mel. sp. Criconemoides sp.
Chiov.
50
187 187
187 187 -
CIP
-
104 211
HOST
PENNISETUM CLANDESTINUM (Cont'd)
NEMATODE
Helico. dihystera
Helico. pseudorobustus
Hemicycliophora oostenbrinki
Hemicycliophora ? typica
Mel. kikuyensis
Prat. brachyurus
Rotylenchus sp.
Tylenchorhynchus martini
Xiph. nigeriense
COUNTRY
Australia
Nigeria
Nigeria
Nigeria
Nigeria
Nigeria
ABSTRACT 332
836
836 836 836 836
REFERENCE
211
126
211
PENNISETUM MAUKENI Leeke
Hemicycliophora oostenbrinki
Hemicycliophora paradoxa
PENNISETUM PEDICELLATUM
Hemicycliophora paradoxa
PENNISETUM PURPUREUM Schum.
Malenchus tantulus
Mel. incognita acrita
Mel. javanica
Mel. sp.
Neomalenchus malawiensis
Zanenchus zanclus
Malawi
Malawi
Malawi
246 246
187
198
108
Macroposthonia sp.
Paratrichodorus minor
Prat. brachyurus
Tylenchus sp.
Brazil Brazil Brazil Brazil
839 839 839 839
PENNISETUM PURPUREUM x
P. TYPHOIDES
51
187
187
-
187
246 -
HOST
PENNISETUM TYPHOIDES (Cont'd)
NEMATODE
Mel. javanica
COUNTRY
ABSTRACT
India
Mel. sp.
Prat. brachyurus
Hemicycliophora paradoxa
USA
Prat. mulchandi
India
Prat. zeae
Prat. sp.
USA
India
USA
Telotylenchus indicus
REFERENCE
576
-
296 -
198 67
464
187 186,187 -
-
615 437 464 606 464 620
-
Trich. christiei
USA
464
-
Xiph. americanur
USA
464
-
PENNISETUM L. Rich. sp.
Mel. Javanica
PHASEOLUS ACONITIFOLIUS Jacq.
Het. cajani
Het. glycines
Hop. dimorphicus
Mel. sp.
Tylenchorhynchus phaseoli
75
PRASEOLUS ACUTIFOLIUS A. Gray v.
LATIFOLIUS Freeman
Het. glycines
Tylenchorhynchus dubius
PHASEOLUS ANGULARIS W. F. Wight
Het. glycines
Het.? schachtii
Mel. sp.
PHASEOLUS ATROPURPUREUS Moc. & Sesse
Het. glycines
arenaria
Mel. hapla
Mel. incognita
Met. javanica
India
668 372,834 689
India
India
242 23 -
-
242 241
-
147 155 23 242
Australia Australia Australia Australia
52
837,8382 -. 837,838 837,838 837,838
_
HOST
NEMATODE
COUNTRY
ABSTRACT
PHASEOLUS AUREUS Roxb.
Het. Let. Hop. Mel. Mel.
PHASEOLUS BRACTEOLATUS Nees & Mart.
Mel. javanica
Brazil
840
PHASEOLUS CALCARATUS Roxb.
Het. cajani
Heit. glycines
Mel. javanica
Mel. sp.
India
668
-
-
-
Het. glycines
Het. ? schachtii
Mel. hapla
Mel. incognita
Mel. javanica
Mel. sp.
Prat. penetrans
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
PHASEOLUS LATHYROIDES L.
Mel.
Fiji
PHASEOLUS LIMENSIS Macf.
Mel. hapla
Mel. incognita Mel. javanica Mel. sp. Rotylenchulus reniformis
Trich. sp.
PHASEOLUS COCCINEUS L.
cajani
glycines
indicus
incognita
javanica
India
-
-
-
-
sp.
-
-
-
-
-
-
189,668 800 436 293,835 283
627,642 -
REFERENCE
242
289
23
148
96
101
197
40
227
366
-
194
201
199
231
180
56
PHASEOLUS LIMENSIS Macf. vs. Fordhook
US 242, N.R.B. U.S. 253, N.R.B. US
151
Mel. hapla
101
PHASEOLUS LIMENSIS Macf. vs.
Westan & Wilbur
Prat. vulnus
154
53
HOST
PHASEOLUS LIMENSIS Macf. v.
LIMENANUS
NEMATODE
Rotylenchulus reniformis
PHASEOLUS LUNATUS L.
Bel. gracilis
Helico. digonicus
Helico. dihystera
Het. glycines
Mel. incognita
Mel. javanica
Mel. sp.
Prat. brachyurus Prat. coffeae
Prat. enetrans
Prat. scribneri
Prat. vulnus
Rotylenchulus reniformis
Rotylenchus buxophilus
PHASEOLUS LUNATUS L. v. MACROCARPUS
PHASEOLUS METCALFEI Woot. & Standl.
PHASEOLUS MULTIFLORUS Willd.
Het. Mel. Mel. Mel.
? schachtii
incognita
javanica
sp.
COUNTRY
ABSTRACT
-
28
103,391
134
234
272
242
足
-
1,120
-
-
261
-
301
199
34
203
91
1
287
52
80
117
-
USA
-
-
Mel. sp.
64
4
48
29
23
Dit. dipsaci
124
Mel. arenaria
199
Mel. incognita
199
Mel. javanica
Mel. sp.
PHASEOLUS RADIATUS L.
REFERENCE
199
78
Het. cajani
540
54
HOST
PHASEOLUS SEMIERECTUS L.
NEMATODE
COUNTRY
ABSTRACT
Het. glycines
Mel. incognita
-
Mel. javanica
PHASEOLUS L. sp.
PSOPHOCARPUS TETRAGONOLOBUS (L.)
DC.
448 840 -
242 146
64 40
Mel. sp.
Brazil
-
Rotylenchulus reniformis
-
-
180
Dolichodorus heterocephalus
Het. glycines
Het. trifolii
-
-
-
-
-
50 242 113
Mel. Mel. Mel. Mel.
-
-
-
-
289 -
62 141 40
acronea
incognita
javanica
sp.
Mel. incognita
India
Papua &
369 217,219,236,
New Guinea
Thailand
Mel. javanica
Mel. sp.
Ivory Coast
Papua &
New Guinea
321
61 239 175,242 -
PSOROLEA BITUMINOSA L.
Het. glycines
PSORALEA CANDIDANS Eckl. & Zeyh.
Mel. Mel. Mel. Mel.
PUERARIA PHASEOLOIDES (Roxb.) Benth.
REFERENCE
226 85 242
arenaria
hapla
incognita
javanica
-
-
-
-
Helico. sp.
Mel. incognita
Mel. javanica
Mel. oteifae
Mel. sp.
-
-
-
Congo
55
-
178 178 178 17'A
657 -
187 187 119 21
HOST PUERARIA PHASEOLOIDES (Cont'd.)
PUERARIA THUMBERGIANA Benth. (DOLICHOS JAPONICUS Spreng.) (P. HIRSUTA (Thunb.) Schneid.) (P. LOBATA Willd.) Ohwi)
PUERARIA sp.
NEMATODE Prat. brachurus Rad. similis Mel. arenaria Mel. hapla Mel. incognita Mel. Javanica Mel. sp. Rotylenchulus reniformis
Helico. sp. Hemicriconemoides brachyurus Mel. incognita Me. Sp.
COUNTRY -
Cuba
India India India Solomon
ABSTRACT
REFERENCE
-
187 187
486
178 178 178 178 270 -
-
80
-
CIP CIP CIP CIP
Islands RHYNCHELYTRUM REPENS (Willd.) C.E. Hubbard
Mel. arenaria Mel. javanica
RHYNCHOSIA INTERMEDIA
Mel. sp.
64 199 23
Kotschy & Peyr. RHYNCHOSIA MEMNONIA
RHYNCHOSIA MINIMA (L.) DC. RHYNCHOSIA PYRAMIDALIS Urb. in Fedde. RHYNCHOSIA RESINOSA Hochst. ex
Dit. sp.
Sudan
-
CIP
Prat. sp. Scutellonema clathricaudatum Tylenchorhynchus sp.
Sudan Sudan Sudan
-
CIP CIP CIP
Mel. incognita Mel. javanica Mel. incognita
Brazil _
840 -
200 140 152
Mel. sp.
Baker RHYNCHOSIA TORMENTOSA Hook. & Arm.
Mel. sp.
SACCHARUM SPONTANEUM L.
Ang. spermophaga
35 271 56
HOST
NEMATODE
COUNTRY
ABSTRACT
REFERENCE
SACCHARLM SPONTANEUM (Cont'd)
Het. sacchari
India
SACCHARUM L. sp.
Mel. incognita
Brazil
24
SACCHARUM L. sp.
Malenchus tantulus
Malawi
246
SECHIUM EDULE Sw.
Mel. javanica
Mel. sp.
-
-
-
64
40
Trich. sp.
-
-
56
Mel. incognita
Mel. javanica
-
Mel. acronea
-
-
120
Mel. incognita
-
-
Mel. javanica
Mel. sp.
Paratylenchus projectus
Prat. penetrans
Trich. christiei
178
India
-
-
-
-
349 -
足 189 69 6 69
(hybrid)
SETARIA APICULATA Schum.
SETARIA GLAUCA (L.) Beauv.
784
-
178
178
SETARIA HOMONYMA (Steud.) Chiov.
Mel. javanica
SETARIA ITALICA L. Beauv.
Het. zeae
Mel. sp.
Prat. zeae
Tylenchorhynchus claytoni
India
-
-
-
SETARIA LINDBERGIANA (Nees) Stapf
Mel. incognita acrita
Mel. javanica
-
-
SETARIA MEGAPHYLLA Dur. & Schinz.
Helico. sp.
Hemicycliophora oostenbrinki
Hemicycliophora paradoxa
Mel. incognita
-
-
-
-
-
187 187 187 187
Prat. brachyurus Xiph. setariae
-
-
-
187 187
Xiph. sp.
-
-
187
199
57
298 -
足 23
83
165
199
199
HOST
SETARIA PALLIDIFUSCA Stapf & Hubb.
SETARIA PALMAEFOLIA
NEMATODE
Mel. arenaria
Mel. javanica
Aph. sp.
COUNTRY
ABSTRACT
199
196
Papua Z-
Crossonema civellae
Helico. crenacauda
Helico. dihystera
Helico. microcephalus
Helico. mucronatus
Mel. sp.
Rad. sp.
Xiph. orthotenum
REFERENCE
New Guinea
Papua &
New Guinea
Papua &
New Guinea
Papua &
Papua &
New Guinea
Papua &
New Guinea
Papua &
New Guinea
Papua &
New Guinea
Papua &
New Guinea
CIP
-
CIP
-
CIP
-
-
CIP
CIP
-
CIP
-
CIP
-
CIP
-
CIP
-
-
177
177
SETARIA SPHACELATA (Schum.)
Stapf & C. E. Hubbard
Mel. incognita
Mel. javanica
SETARIA SPLENDIDA Stapf
Helico. caveness
Nigeria
836
Helico. dihystera
-
Nigeria
836
Hemicriconemoides cocophillus
Scutellonema clathricaudatum
Tylenchorhynchus martini
-
Nigeria
Nigeria
Nigeria
836
836
836
-
-
-
Mel. incognita
Mel. javanica
Mel. sp.
Prat. ? pratensis
Trich. mirzai
India
215
India
571
-
199
108
123
-
SETARIA VERTICILLATA (L.) Beauv.
58
HOST
SETARIA VIRIDIS (L.) Beauv.
NEMATODE
COUNTRY
Aph. besseyi
ABSTRACT
REFERENCE
123
305
-
-
Mel. sp.
Prat. ? pratensis
136
-
-
-
277
72
SETARIA sp.
Mel. javanica
-
-
199
SORGHUM ALMUM Parodi
Mel. incognita
Mel. javanica
-
-
-
177
177
SORGHUM ARUNDINACEUM (Desv.) Stapf
Aph. jodphurensis
Mel. sp.
India
SORGHUM CAUDATUM Stapf
Mel. javanica
SORGHUM HALEPENSE (L.) Pers.
(ANDROPOGON HALEPENSIS Brat.)
Dit. radicicola
Helico. dihystera
Het. graminophila
Hop. columbus
Prat. brachyurus
Prat. zeae
Trich. sp.
Tylenchorhynchus martini
Tylenchorhynchus sp.
USA
SORGHUM OETHIOPICUM
Scutellonema clathricaudatum
SORGHUM SUDANENSE (Piper) Stapf
Bel. longicaudatus
Dit. radicicola
Helico. dihystera
Mel. incognita
Mel. javanica
Mel. sp.
Paratylenchus projectus
Prat. brachyurus
Prat. penetrans
Prat. scribneri
Bel. sp.
USA
Het. schachtii = ? avenae
59
624 -
79
-
199
482 318 382
382 382 -
207
Sudan
-
CIP
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
144
47
207
285
192
293
69
83
190
287
USA USA USA USA USA
156
29
25
HOST SORGHUM SUDANENSE (Cont'd)
SORGHUM VULGARE Pers.
SORGHUM VULGARE Pers. v. Radar SORGHUM Moench sp.
NEMATODE Prat. zeae Trich. christiei Tylenchorhynchus claytoni Gymnotylenchus zeae Helico. dihystera Het. avenae Het. schachtii = ? avenae Mel. acronea Mel. hapla Mel. incognita Mel. javanica Mel. sp. Prat. brachyurus Prat. delattrei Prat. zeae Rotylenchulus reniformis Tylenchorhynch-s claytoni
COUNTRY
ABSTRACT
83
244
-257 207
304
-
136
-
62
178
177,192
177
49,230
83
184
83
232
165
-
-
-
Mel. acronea
120
Paratylenchus obtusicaudatus
Kenya
453
Mel. javanica
Brazil
431
-
Mel. sp.
-
-
265
Bel. gracilis Mel. arenaria
_
-
135
177
Prat. hexincisus STIZOLOBIUM ATERRIMUM Piper & Tracy
STIZOLOBIUM DEERINGIANUM Bort. (MUCUNA DEERINGIANA (Bort.) Merr.)
REFERENCE
-
222
Mel. hapla
177
Mel. incognita Mel. javanica Mel. sp. Prat. brachyuarus Prt.187
Rotylenchulus reniformis
60
Brazil
840 -
177
-
245 75
18
80
HOST
NEMATODE
COUNTRY
ABSTRACT
REFERENCE
STIZOLOBIUM PACHYLOBIUM Piper &
Tracy
Mel. sp.
-
-
23
STIZOLOBIUM PRURIENS (L.) Medic.
Mel. sp.
-
-
23
STIZOLOBIUM UTILE Piper & Tracy
Mel. sp.
-
-
40
STIZOLOBIUM sp.
Mel. javanica
Mel. sp.
-
-
-
64
264
STYLOSANTHES GRACILIS H.B.I.C.
Helico. pseudorobustus
Scutellonema clathricaudatum
Nigeria
Nigeria
836 836
STYLOSANTHES HUMILIS H.B.K.
Mel. Mel. Mel. Mel.
Australia Australia Australia Australia
838 838 838 838
STYLOSANTHES SUNDAICA Taub.
Mel. javanica
STYLOSANTHES Sw. sp.
Mel. arenaria
TEPHROSIA ACACIAEFOLIA Welw.
Mel. sp.
TEPHROSIA CANDIDA (Roxb.) DC.
Mel. incognita
arenaria
hapla
incognita
javanica
-
India
Brazil
TEPHROSIA CUNEATA
Helico. sp.
341 -
840 -
-
Mel. sp.
Prat. brachyurus
Rad. similis
Mel. hapla
64
30
Mel. javanica
TEPHROSIA CINEREA (L.) Pers.
Brazil
28 -
Mel. incognita
61
151
187,289
64
264
187
18
187
187
HOST TEPHROSIA EYLESII Bak.
Mel. sp.
TEPHROSIA GODMANAE Bak.
Mel. sp.
TEPHROSIA LINEARIS (Willd.) Pers.
Mel. javanica
199
TEPHROSIA LONGIPES Meissn.
Mel. sp.
150
TEPHROSIA POLISTACHYA E. Mey
Mel. sp.
152
TEPHROSIA PURPUREA (L.) Pers.
Helico. sp. Mel. sp.
-187 -
TEPHROSIA VILLOSA Pers.
Helico. sp.
-187
TEPHROSIA VOGELII Hook. f.
Mel. Mel. Mel. Mel. Mel.
India _
NEMATODE
COUNTRY
ABSTRACT
REFERENCE
150 -152
arenaria incognita incognita javanica sp.
-
341 -
-
Prat. loosi
-
Scutellonema brachyurum
-
21
144 187 296 265 296 (142),
-
97(181) 98
TEPHROSIA Pers. sp.
Mel. sp.
TERAMNUS LABIALIS (L.f.) Spreng.
Mel. incognita
India
27
-
TERAMNUS UNCINATUS (L.) Sw.
Mel. incognita Mel. javanica
Brazil Brazil
840 840
-
TERAMNUS VOLUBILIS Sw.
Mel. incognita
Brazil
840
THEMEDA AUSTRALIS (R. Br.) Stapf
Criconema alticolum Rad. intermedius
Australia Australia
719 564
149,152
62
HOST
NEMATODE
COUNTRY
ABSTRACT
REFERENCE
TRIFOLIUM AGRARIUM L.
Het. glycines
242
TRIFOLIUM ALBUM
Mel. sp.
294
TRIFOLIUM ALEXANDRINUM L.
Het. glycines
United Arab
Republic
Mel. hapla
Mel. incognita
Egypt
Mel. javanica
Egypt
654
-
242
150
168
-
Mel. sp.
Prat. sp.
Trich. teres
Tylenchorhynchus mashhoodi
191,209
8
-
811
-
-
-
India
423 113
TRIFOLIUM AMABILE H. B. K.
Mel. incognita
TRIFOLIUM ANGUSTIFOLIUM L.
Het. daverti
Mel. incognita
Prat. penetrans
TRIFOLIUM ARVENSE L.
Dit. dipsaci
Het. daverti
West Germany
Mel. sp.
-
23
167
191
West Germany
9 760 9 -
191
58
294
TRIFOLIUM BALANSE Boiss.
Het. glycines
TRIFOLIUM BURCHELLIANUM Ser.
Mel. javanica
-
-
199
TRIFOLIUM BURCHELLIANUM Ser. v.
JOHNSTONII (Oliv.)
Mel. hapla
-
-
202
TRIFOLIUM CAMPESTRE
Het. daverti
Mel. hapla
West Germany
Australia
9 155
242
HOST
NEMATODE
COUNTRY
TRIFOLIUM CHERANGANIENSE Gillett
Mel. javanica
TRIFOLIUM CHERLERI L.
Mel. incognita
TRIFOLIUM DUBIUM Sibth.
Aglenchus costatus
Het. trifolii
Het. sp.
Mel. hapla
Mel. incognita
Paratylenchus projectus
-
Dit. dipsaci
Het. aleopLsidis
-
-
TRIFOLIUM FRAGIFERUM L
(T. NEGLECTUM)
-
Mel. javanica
TRIFOLIT"I HYBRIDUM L.
Dit. destructor
Dit. dipsaci
New Zealand
Australia
199
Australia
493 155 494
304
131
64
-
132
304
457
239
199
40
154
155 -
304
191
811
Helico. microlobus
Het. trifolii
Het. Mel. Mel. Mel. Mel.
-
Australia
-
Het. galeopsidis
Mel. hapla
Mel. incognita
TRIFOLIUM HIRTUM All.
811
REFERENCE
191
Het. trifolii
Mel. javanica
Mel. sp.
Prat. penetrans
Prat. thornei
TRIFOLIUM GLOMERATUM L.
ABSTRACT
sp.
haplaincognita acrita javanica sp.
64
Norway
-
510 403 -
133
3
282
103
-
777 811 -
131
38 39
-
-
HOST
TRIFOLIUM HYBRIDUM (Cont'd)
NEMATODE
COUNTRY
Prat. penetrans
Prat. ? pratensis
Prat. sp.
Trich. christiei
Tylenchorhynchus maximus
-
-
-
-
-
TRIFOLIUM INCARNATUM L.
Bel. gracilis
Dit. dipsaci
-
-
TRIFOLIUM INCAR1NATUM L.
Het. ? schachtii
Het. trifolii
-136
He___t.
sp.
-
Hop. columbus
Mel. incognita
Mel. javanica
Mel. sp.
Paratylenchus projectus
Prat. brachyurus
Prat. penetrans
Rotylenchulus reniformis
Trich. christiei
Tylenchorhynchus claytoni
USA
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
ABSTRACT
-
777
-
-
REFERENCE
154
33
-
244
12
135
74
-
131
-
113
382
-
811
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
191
-
93
69
83
227
28
244
165
TRIFOLIUM INCARNATUM L. v. Auburn
Het. trifolii
103
TRIFOLIUM INVOLUCRATUJM Ort.
Dit. dipsaci
132
TRIFOLIUM ISTHMOCARPUM Brot.
Mel. incognita
191
TRIFOLIUM LAPPACEUM L.
Mel. incognita
Mel. javanica
-
-
-
811
191
-
TRIFOLIUM MASAIENSE Gillett
TRIFOLIUM MEDIUM L.
Mel. javanica
Dit. dipsaci
Mel. incognita
-
-
-
811
-
-
246
191
65
HOST
TRIFOLIUM MEDIUM (Cont'd)
TRIFOLIUM MICHELIANUM Savi
NEMATODE
COUNTRY
ABSTPACT
Mel. sp.
REFERENCE
39
Mel. incognita
Mel. sp.
-
TRIFOLIUM MULTINERVE A. Rich
Mel. sp.
TRIFOLIUM NIGRESCENS Viv.
Mel. incognita
TRIFOLIUM PALLIDUM Waldst. & Kit.
Mel. incognita
TRIFOLIUM PANNONICUM Jacq.
Het. galeopsidis
191
276
40
191
191
_
304
Het. trifolii
304
TRIFOLIUM PHLEOIDES Pourr.
Mel. incognita
TRIFOLlUM PRATENSE L.
Aph. composticola
USSR
Aph. helophilus
Aph. ritzemabosi
Aph. saprophilus
USSR
Aph. subtenuis
USSR
191
Criconemoides curvatus
Criconemoides lobatus
Dit. destructor
Dit. dipsaci
USSR
393 393 393 393
Denmark
276,659 England
145,529 Finland
649,796,806
France
271 New Zealand 599,722,723
Northern
Irelard
775 Norway
510 Sweden
430,469,670
USA
669 USSR
35,40 295,320,334,
358,394,403,
66
267
33
9
133
166
HOST
TRIFOLIUM PRATENSE (Cont'd)
NEMATODE
COUNTRY
Dit. dipsaci (Cont'd)
ABSTRACT
REFERENCE
462,495,552,
633,755
Helico. crassatus
Hclico. dihystera
Canada
USSR
Helico. multicinctus
Het. galeopsidis
Het. lespedezae
Net. ? schachtii
Het. trifolii
USSR
-Canada
Northern
Ireland
USSR
488
393 393 508 779
192
304
il
818
775
393
-
190,346,359,
-
-
-
-
Canada
400,407,508,
674,742,791
773 163,572
-
190,210,327,
269
279
171
95
101
Mel. incognita
Mel. javanica
-
-
407,593,812
345,417,456 811
171
171
Mel. sp.
-
Paratylenchus dianthus
Paratylenchus projectus
-
USSR
Paratylenchus sp.
Prat. brachyurus
Prat. crenatus
Prat. coffeae
Prat. neglectus
Prat. penetrans
Canada
Hop. galeatus
Longidorus maximus
Mel. arenaria
Mel. artiellia
Mel. hapla
Canada
-
67
223
633
93
813 34,96,484 808,813 393 46 15,46,65
69
8
63 63 17
327,345,346,
130,154
HOST
TRIFOLIUM PRATENSE (Cont'd)
NEMATODE
COUNTRY
ABSTRACT
Prat. penetrans (Cont'd)
456,562,593,
REFERENCE
(215)
730,799,812
730
Prat. ? pratensis
Prat. pratensis
Prat. scribneri
Prat. sp.
Rotylenchulus reniformis
Rotylenchus robustus
Scutellonema brachyurum
Trich. christei
Tylenchorhynchus agri
Tylenchorhynchus brevidens
Tylenchorhynchus claytoni
Tylenchorhynchus dubius
Tylenchorhynchus martini
Tylenchorhynchus maximus
Xiph. americanum
TRIFOLIUM REPENS L.
Aglenchus costatus
Aph. fragariae
Dit. dipsaci
Helicc. dihystera
Helico. repens
Hemicycliophora similis
Het. daverti
Het. galeopsidis
Het. humuli
68
-
USSR
34,393
-
-
812
Jamaica
18,20,21
327,593,672
-
-
650
-
USSR
-
_
263 812
680
493
England
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
USA
USSR
529 535,723
510 73 669 89 536
Australia
275
West Germany
313 508
666
72
72,297
144
144
28
_
46
244
_
_
14
165
_
17
45
17
14
71
_
_
_
32
207
9
304
0
HOST
TRIFOLIUM REPENS (Cont'd)
NEMATODE
Het. lespedezae
Het ? schachtii
Het. trifolii
COUNTRY
779 Australia 275 England 727 Netherlands 736 New Zealand 36,284,347,
428,519,520,
768
Northern
Ireland 775
USA 776 -
Longidorus maximus
Mel. arenaria
Mel. hapla
Mel. incognita
New Zealand
Mel. sn.
Paratrichodorus minor
Paratylenchus projectus
Prat. brachyurus
Prat. crenatus
Prat. neglectus
Prat. penetrans
69
190,313,359,
400,508,600, 742,776,778, 791,810 Canada 162,163,572 New Zealand 284,347,428,
478,520 190,210,683, 773,810 Australia Canada USA
Mel. javanica
ABSTRACT
Australia New Zealand Australia
USA
REFERENCE
足 136
-
-
-
足
239
279 171
-
171
275
-
162
759 183 599 811 -
足 171
足 171
253
275
494 275
821
-
63
255 (181)
14
HOST
TRIFOLIUM REPENS (Cont'd)
NEMATODE
Prat. penetrans (Cont'd)
Prat. sp.
Prat. zeae
Rad. simifis
Rotylenchulus reniformis
Trich. christiei
COUNTRY
ABSTRACT
760,772,778,
-
New Zealand
Australia
-
804
36
275
-
Trich. teres
Tylenchorhynchus Tylenchorhynchus Tylenchorhynchus Tylenchorhynchus Tylenchorhynchus Xiph. radicicola TRIFOLIUM REPENS v. LADINO
brevidens
claytoni
dubius
maximus
sp.
Dit.
650
-
-
Australia
TRIFOLIUM REPENS v. LATUM
Het. trifolii
TRIFOLIUM RESUPINATUM L.
Het. Het. Het. Mel. Mel. Mel.
_
_
-
14
165
159
14
299
275
sp.
Prat. penetrans
Trich. christiei
Tylenchorhynchus claytoni
-
87
28
244
167
-
-
Bel. gracilis
Helico. dihystera Het. trifolii Hop. galeatus
Mel. arenaria
hapla
Mel. incognita
Mel. javanica
Paratylenchus proJectus
REFERENCE
-
-
-el.
-
135
172
192
103
192
171
171
171
171
69
154
192
192
242
glycines
? schachtii
sp.
incognita acrita
javanica
sp.
70
-
-
-
-
811
242
206
131
191
-
52
HOST
NEMATODE
COUNTRY
ABSTRACT
REFERENCE
TRIFOLIUM RESUPINATUM (Cont.)
Prat. sp.
-
423
足
TRIFOLIUM RUBENS L.
Mel. sp.
-
-
294
TRIFOLIUM RUEPPELLIANUM Fresen.
Mel. javanica
-
811
199
TRIFOLIUM SCUTATUM Boiss.
Mel. incognita
-
-
191
TRIFOLIUM SEMIPILOSUM Fresen.
Het. Het. Mel. Mel.
-
USA
-
-
776 811
242
足 199
199
TRIFOLIUM SPINOSUM L.
Mel. incognita
-
-
191
TRIFOLIUM SQUARROSUM Bieb.
Mel. incognita
-
-
191
TRIFOLIUM STEUDNERI Schweinf.
Mel. javanica
-
811
199
TRIFOLIUM STRIATUM
Ket. daverti
West Germany
TRIFOLIUM SUBTERRANEUM L.
Het. trifolii
glycines
trifolii
hapla
javanica
Tunisia
9
足
336
-
407
hapla
incognita
javanica
sp.
-
-
-
-
109,407 761,811 -
64
191
199
40
TRIFOLIUM TEMBENSE Fresen.
Mel. incognita
Mel. javanica
-
-
811
191
199
TRIFOLIUM TOMENTOSUML.
Mel. incognita
-
TRIFOLIUM USAMBARENSE Taub. ex Engl.
Mel. Javanica
Mel. Mel. Mel. Mel.
191
811
71
足
HOST TRIFOLIUM sp.
TRIPSACUM LAXUM Nash (T. FASCICULATUM Trin.) (T. LATIFOLIUM Hitch.)
VICIA AGRITINENSE VIC-
ANGUSTIFOLIA
VICIA ATROPURPUREA Desf.
NEMATODE Anguillulina sp. (sic) Mel. sp. Prat. ? pratensis Rotylenchulus reniformis Helico. cavenessi Hemicycliophora sp. Prat. coffeae Prat. sp. Tylenchus sp.
Het. Mel. Mel. Me. Mel. Mel.
836 836
Nigeria Nigeria
836 836
VICIA BIENNIS L.
Mel. sp. Het. Mel. Mel. Mel.
~i~a223 -
REFERENCE 40 110
28
Nigeria Nigeria
-
Het. glycines Het. goettiniana Het. schachtii
Prat. vulnus
-
-
glycines arenaria hapla incognita javanica sp.
VICIA BENGHALENSIS L.
ABSTRACT
-
Mel. sp.
Met. trifolii Mel. sp.
VICIA CALCARATA Desf.
COUNTRY -72 -
733,675 733,675 733,675 733,675
16 -
195 242 116 115 242
--23 -
-
238
223 23 154
goettingiana arenaria hapla javanica
72
_ Egypt
-
195
675 675 8
304 _
HOST
NEMATODE
COUNTRY
ABSTRACT
REFERENCE
VICIA CAROLINIANA
Het. glycines
USA
VICIA CORNICERA
Mel. arenaria
-
675
Mel.
-
675
163 304
hapla
86
VICIA CRACCA L.
Dit. dipsaci Het. goettingiana
-
-
VICIA DISPERMA DC.
Het. glycines
Het. goettingiana-
USA
86
-
304
VICIA ERVILLIA Willd.
VICIA FABA L.
Het. goettingiana
Het. trifolii
-
Dit. dipsaci
Netherlands
Helico. sp.
Het. goettingiana
Longidorus maximus
Mel. arenaria
Mel. artiellia
Mel. hapla
Mel. incognita
Spain
Spain
-
-
-
-
-
Iraq
Mel. javanica
Egypt
-
Mel. sp.
Spain
Merlinius viciae
Prat. neglectus
73
224
223
143
766 766 765
-
31
390 533 8,42 1,305,455, 514,554
766
Turkey
England
512 55
Spain
766
175
279 201 95
101
64,199
197
23
HOST
VICIA FABA (Cont'd)
VICIA GRANDIFLORA
NEMATODE
Prat. penetrans
Prat. pinguicaudatus
Prat. ? pratensis
Prat. thornei
Prat. vulnus
Rad. similis
Rotylenchulus reniformis
Seinura propor-a
Trich. sp.
Tylenchorhynchus dubius
Tylenchorhynchus parvus
Tylenchorhynchus sp.
Mel. arenaria
Mel. hapla
Mel. incognita
COUNTRY
England
55
India
264 -
India
Spain
Spain
499 465
528 766 766
-
465
REFERENCE
225
_
124
2
154
_
290 _
_
733
-
Mel. javanica
VICIA HIRSUTA (L.) S.F. Gray
ABSTRACT 286
200
733 733
733
Het. glycines
USA
Het. ? schachtii
Mel. hapla
86
-
242
68
179
Mel. sp.
23
VICIA HYBRIDA L.
Mel. sp.
VICIA LATHYROIDES L.
Het. goettingiana
VICIA LEGANYANA
Mel. arenaria
-
675
Mel. hapla
-
Mel. incognita
el. javanica
675
-
-
675
675
195
304
VICIA LUDOVICIANA Nutt.
_
_
_
Mel. sp.
195
74
HOST
VICIA LUTEA L.
NEMATODE
Het.
glycines
COUNTRY
USA
Het. goettingiana
VICIA MICRANTHA
Het. glycines
USA
VICIA MONANTHOS Desf.
Het. ? schachtii
-68
Mel. sp.
-
Het. glycines
Het. ? schachtii
-242
-
VICIA NARBONENSIS L.
ABSTRACT
REFERENCE
86
-
242
-
304
86
-
23
Mel. sp.
-
-
VICIA OROBUS DC.
Het. goettingiana
-
-
304
VICIA PANNONICA Crantz
Mel. sp.
-
-
195
VICIA PEREGRINA L.
Mel. sp.
-195
VICIA POLYPHYLLA
Mel. sp.
-195
VICIA PSEUDO-CRACCA Bertol.
Mel. sp.
-23
VICIA SATIVA L.
Dit. Dit. Het. Het. Het. Het.
-133
-
India
-
_
-
668 570 -
70
260
175
131
Het. trifolii
destructor
dipsaci
cajani
glycines
goettingiana
sp.
Longidorus maximus
-
-
Mel. arenaria
Mel. hapla
Mel. incognita
-
-
-
733 733 -
75
68
113
23
279
30
HOST
VICIA SATIVA (Cont'd)
NEMATODE
COUNTRY
ABSTRACT
Mel. javanica
Mel. sp.
Prat. penetrans
-
-
Mel. arenaria
-
675
Mel. hapla
-
675
VICIA SEPIUM L.
Het. goettingiana
-304
VICIA SERRATIFOLIA
Mel. arenaria
Mel. hapla
-
-
VICIA STRICTA W. Young
Mel. sp.
-195
VICIA TETRASPERMA (L.) Schreb.
Het. glycines
Prat. ? pratensis
Het. Mel. Mel. Mel. Mel. Mel.
-242
-
-
-
-
VICIA SATIVA x V. CORDATA
VICIA VARIA Host
VICIA VILLOSA Roth.
glycines
arenaria hapla incognita javanica sp.
Bel. longicaudatus
Criconemoides curvatus
Criconemoides lobatus
Criconemoides morgensis
Criconemoides mutabilis
Criconemoides xenoplax
Dit. dipsaci
Net. humuli
Het. glycines
Het. ? schachtii
Het. trifolii
Hop. galeatus
76
REFERENCE
212
23
130 (215),
227
-
675
675
-
-
-
-
242
-
-
123
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
USA
733 733 733 733 -
702
702,712,747
702
702
702
702
-
606
-
-
702
-
-
-
195
118
-
-
-
-
-
204
-
259
68
113
-
HOST
VICIA VILLOSA (Cont'd)
VICIA sp.
NEMATODE
Mel. arenaria
Mel. hapla
Mel. incognita
Mel. javanica Mel. sp.
Paratylenchus curvitatus
Paratylenchus projectus
Prat. crenatus
Prat. penetrans
Rotylenchulus reniformis
Rotylenchus uniformis
Scutellonema brachyurum
Trich. christiei
Tylenchorhynchus claytoni
Xiph. americanum
Het. Het. Mel. Mel.
glycines
goettingiana
hapla
sp.
VIGNA DEKINDTIANA Harms.
Mel. sp.
VIGNA HOSEI (Craib) Backer
!-ad. similis
VIGNA MUNGO (L.) Hepper
(PHASEOLUS MUNGO L.)
Helico. sp.
Het. cajani
COUNTRY
-
-
-
-
-
USA
-
-
-
-
USA
-
-
USA
USSR
ABSTRACT 702,733 712,733,747 702,733,747 733 702 702 702 702 702,712 702,712,747 702 747 91 717 -
REFERENCE 203 23 69 89 (181),154 80 244 165 242
174
38
39
150
18
Philippines
Brazil
India
Philippines
Philippines
Hop. sp.
Mel. arenaria
Mel. hapla Mel. incognita
270 840 396,668 270 205 -
Fiji
India
41
Philippines 205,228,270
Mel. javanica
Philippines
77
212 205,270 99
64
64 CIP
64,289
64
HOST
VIGNA MUNGO (Cont'd)
NEMATODE
Prat.
VIGNA RADIATA (L.) Wilczek
ABSTRACT
63
Prat. coffeae
Prat. sp.
Rotylenchulus reniformis
Philippines
Philippines
270 228,270
Tylenchorhynchus sp.
Philippines
212 270
Mel. javanica
Rotylenchulus reniformis
-
250
2
Mel. sp.
VIGNA SESQUIDPEDALIS (L.) Fruw.
Mel. inconlita
Mel. Javanica
Mel. sp.
91
23
Brunei
Prat. brachyurus
Pseudhalenchus sp.
Bel. gracilis
Helico. cavenessi
Helico. dihystera
Helico. pseudorobustus
Hemicycliophora arenaria
Het. cajani
~et.
REFERENCE
23
brachyurus
VIGNA REPENS Baker
VIGNA UNGUICULATA (L.) Walp.
(V. SINENSIS (L.) Endl.)
COUNTRY
Mel. sp.
Zglycnes
let. graminis
Het. ? schachtii
Het. vigni
_
-
85
Brunei
-
Brunei
CIP
-
CIP
Nigeria
836 354
502
Nigeria
-
India
396,668 e.s-
231,252,442
United Arab
692 Republic
Trinidad
273 India
Hop. seinhorsti
Mel. arenaria
Nigeria
Brazil
Mel. hapla
-
Brazil
78
286
209
543 416 502 39 -
39
51
128
_
242
68
102,124
HOST
VIGNA UNGUICULATA (Contd)
NEMATODE
COUNTRY
Mel. hapla (Cont'd)
USA
Mel. incognita
Brazil
India
Nigeria
ABSTRACT 103 22,39 420 45,290,323, 326,502,613
United Arab
Republic
USA
-
Mel. javanica
Brazil
India
Nigeria
USA
Mel. sp.
Peltamigratus nigeriensis
Prat. brachyurus
Prat. pratensis
Prat. vulnus
Pad. similis
Rotylenchulus reniformis
Nigeria
Nigeria
-
Scutellonema clathricaudatum
Xiph. ifacolum
Nigeria
Nigeria
Rotylenchus sp.
Scute:'.onema bradys
Trich, ..
Nigeria
124 -
692 103,553 231,252,445
39 19 45 103 254 836 502,836 -
-
-
Nigeria
REFERENCE
502,836 254,257,442, 531,637 836 836
124
124 219 203 107 52 87 180 161
-
64 -
56
VIGNA UNGUICULATA (L.) Walp.
V. IRON
Het. schachtii
Mel. javanica
Prat. vulnus
-
-
-
-
-
238 199 154
VIGNA WILMSII Burtt Davy
Het. glycines
-
325
242
79
HOST
VIGNA VEXILLATA (L.) A. Rich
NEMATODE
COUNTRY
ABSTRACT
Mel. Incognita
13
Mel. javanica
VIGNA VEXILLATA Benth. v. HIRTA
VIGNA Savi sp.
REFERENCE
201
Mel. sp.
152
Discocriconemella mauritiensis
Het. cajani
Het. igni
Mel. arenaria
Mauritius
Mel. ethiopica
Mel. hapla
Mel. incognita
Tanzania
-
302,377.540
371
767
182
612
767
-
10,37,44,
352
16
767
USA
Botswana
India
Pakistan
USA
-
182,302,315,
-
-
-
CIP
_
-
-
_
357,377
Mel. javanica
Botswana
Egypt
India
USA
Mel. sp.
ZEA MAYS L.
Prat. sp.
Botswana
Xiph. vanderlindei
South Africa
AM. tritici
GDR
Aph. Aph. Aph. Aph. Aph.
Nigeria
-p. a344
USSR
USSR
USSR
USSR
arachidis
echinocaudatus
spinocaudatus
subtenuis
sp.
Basiroides nortoni
80
USA
-
42 352 44,767 1,182,619 -
CIP
-
-
_
-
151
-
CIP
805
-
90
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
304
-
176 688 783 504 504
646
-
HOST
ZEA MAYS (Cont'd)
NEMATODE
Bel. gracilis Bel. longicaudatus
Bel. sp. Coslenchus alacinatus Criconemoides ornatus
COUNTRY
USA
83,131,158, 227,443
USA
446,258,503,
511
123
196,526,785
50 731 459,460
258,477,547
79,660 408 232
196,216,363,
-
Portugal
Brazil
USA
Egypt
Brazil
USA
503,526,785
East Germany
395 France
126,172,440,
480,497,530,
565
Poland
124 West Germany
133,643
90,504,783 USSR
Yugoslavia
451,532
415,476 India
781 USA
482 India
781 USA
482
Dit. mirus Dit. radicicola Dit . mirus Dit. radicicola Dit. sp.
634
Dolichodorus heterocephalus Gymnotylenchus zeae Helico. cavenessi Helico. digonicus
Nigeria
USA
Helico. dihystera
USA
81
273
648,547,477,
-
Dit. dipsaci
REFERENCE
-
-
Criconemoides sp.
ABSTRACT
-
836 741 459
170
51
257
234
HOST ZEA MAYS (Cont'd)
NEMATODE Helico. dihystera (Cont'd) Helico. erythrinae Helico. microlobus
COUNTRY
-
India
Mexico
Nigeria
USA
ABSTRACT 363
578 173 836
Helico. multicinctus Helico. pseudorobustus
USSR
Nigeria
USA
Helico. sp.
Brazil
331,734 504 83,836 67,192 282,304 342
Canada
498
Costa Rica
Egypt
India
USA
Yugoslavia
Zimbabawe
Hemicycliophora parvana Hemicycliophora sp. Het. avenae
216 660 58 498,793 452 573 196,503,634
Egypt
660 Canada
735 East Germany
429 France
172,470,480 India
487,784 Netherlands
214 Poland
124 Switzerland
87,343
USA
177 West Germany
90,104,
129,211,310,
380,429,518
14,218,432,
557,634,830
Het. glycines
United Arab
Republic
82
654
REFERENCE
261
_
282
_
203
247
_
_
HOST
ZEA NAYS (Cont.)
NEMATODE
Het. punctata
COUNTRY
Mexico
Yugoslavia
Het. ? scbachtii
Het. zeae
Colombia
India
Het. sp.
India
Hexatylus vigissi
Hop. abelmosehi
USSR
India
Hop. aegypti
Hop. galeatus
Egypt
Egypt
USA
ABSTRACT 439
532 52 75,298,368, 379,636
578
783 513
Hop. seinhorsti
Lobocriconema zeae
79,386 11 142,192,831 304 India
141,578 409,482 South Africa
294
Longidorus breviannulatus
USA
Longidorus Longidorus Longidorus Longidorus Longidorus
Canada
Hop. indicus
elongatus
maximus
mirus
reneyii
sp.
India
India
Egypt
USA
Malenchus nanellus
Nigeria
246
Mel. arenaria
Yugoslavia
USA
Bulgaria
USA
Mel. incognita
83
136
60
185
117,142,454
463 544 712 660 106
Mel. chitwoodi
Mel. hapla
REFERENCE
451 467,629 69 504 125
279
178,248
USSR
505
Italy
Japan
110 63
HOST
ZEA MAYS (Cont'd)
NEMATODE
Mel. incognita (Cont'e)
COUNTRY
ABSTRACT
Nigeria
USA
Yugoslavia
-
Mel. Javanica
83,789 459,460 451 62,199,226, 258,363,503, 621,629,645
Egypt
Japan
Yugoslavia
147 63 451 226,360,629 Netherlands
152
Mel. naasi
USSR
Nigeria
USSR
Yugoslavia
Mel. sp.
Paratylenchus microdorus
Paratylenchus projectus
-
USA
Paratylenchus sp.
Egypt
Prat. brachyurus
Brazil
Nigeria
90 139 504,798 532 180,196,216
67 -
Canada
USA
Yugoslavia
Prat. delattrei
84
248
248 -
49,219
69
660
-
703,731
-
157,207,317,
450,836 South Africa
255 USA
232 Zimbabwe
628 269,330,333, 401,777,816 Prat. crenatus
REFERENCE
509 365
763
451 224 233,303, 557,634
273
足
足 205, 225(181)
184
HOST
ZEA MAYS (Cont'd)
NEMATODE
COUNTRY
Prat. hexincisus
USA
Prat. loosi
Prat. minyus
Paratylenchus nanus
Canada USSR
Prat. neglh--Lus
ABSTRACT 107,831 304,308, 235,3
527 56
283
127 451 Canada 128,365,527 Mexico 173 Netherlands 143 South Africa 255 USA 80,223,743, 762,793
USSR 504 West Germany 127,211
224,491, 517,809
USSR 56,504 Nigeria 309
USA 142 3,304 Senegal 410 Australia 49
India 111
-
225
-
-
-
-
West Germany Yugoslavia
Prat. penetrans
Prat. pratensis
Prat. scribneri
Prat. sefaensis
Prat. thornei
Prat. zeae
Brazil Bulgaria Egypt India Nigeria South Africa USA -
342,703 125 79,660,662 541 207 255,262 232,579 269,330,363,
401,547,586, 634,638,640, 85
REFERENCE
143
-
-
-
269 (181)
-
46
-
242 129
HOST
ZEA MAYS (Cont'd)
NEMATODE
Prat. zeae (Cont'd)
-
Prat. sp.
Canada
Prat. sp.
Egypt
England
Prat. sp.
France
India
Netherlands
COUNTRY
ABSTRACT
498 660 55,200
172 578 112 Nigeria
83,105,836
Pakistan
350 Poland
124 USA
67,97,197, 223,460,498
USSR
90 West Germany 104,153,
211,380,429
Yugoslavia
452,532
Zimbabwe
573 258,503,526,
Punctodera chalcoensis
Punctodera punctata
Rad. similis
Mexico
Mexico
Zimbabwe
Rotylenchoides impar
Rotylenchulus borealis
India
Bulgaria
Rotylenchulus parvus
Ro~ylenchulus reniformis
Rotylenchulus sp.
Rotylenchus variabilis
Rotylenchus sp.
Scutellonema brachyurum
86
REFERENCE
693,777,816
Italy
Yugoslavia
South Africa
Zimbabwe
Zimbabwe
Egypt
South Africa
Yugoslavia
South Africa
734
337 173 628 -
53 125,213
57 452 202 634,697
255 573 500 660 255
452 255
_
-
_
_
87
_
_
180
HOST ZEA MAYS (Cont'd)
NEMATODE Scutellonema clathricaudatum Trich. christiei Trich. primitivus
Trich. sp. Tylenchorhynchus brassicae Tylenchorhynchus brevidens
T'- '.nchorhynchus claytoni lylenchus sp. Xiph. americanum
Xiph. sp.
COUNTRY
ABSTRACT
Nigeria
836
503 - 526 578
India India
578
-
REFERENCE
-
57
56
-
169
220
-
302
233
87
SECTION 2A
Bibliography
ABSTRACTS
0001 KHEIR, A. M.; FARAHAT, A. A. Comparative interaction of Afeloidogyne javanica and five leguminous 20 (2-3) hosts. Phyiopathologia Mediterranea f1981) 141-143 [En, it; 7 ref.] Dep. of Ncmato-. & Agric. Zoal., Fac. of Agric., Cairo Univ., Giza, Egypt. ' In a pot, experiment, M. javanica developed and multi plied better on common bean, pea and cowpea than on broad bean and soyabcan. Syncytia were formed in the
cortical and stelar regions of'the former legumes but only in
the stele of the latter. Common bean, pea and cowpea had the largest syncytial size.
P. cecidogenus n.g., n.sp. from stem-galls of D. ovalifolium in Colombia is described and illustrated. The new genus belongs to Anguinidac and is related to Orrina. but is unique in having large vulval flaps. P. cecidogenus has females with body 0.59-0.8 mm Iong, stylct 9-lI pm long, no median oesophageal bulb, a crustatormeria o 32-36 cells, a short post-vulval uterine sac. and a conical pointed tail.
lEffectiveness.-evaluating lucerne varieties under conditions of infection.- S.lek4siya i Semenovodstvo. USSR (1981) No. 3, 16-17 [Ru] An evaluation of many varieties o different species in the northern Caucasus for resistanLCe to JIeterodera niedicaginis and Fusarium wilt .(caused. primarily by F. oxisporum) revealed only a few with resistance, notably'a local variety from Armenia (K29241 ), a Medicago polychroa form from the Georgian SSR (K16692), a Mediterranean variety (KI99'1) and forms from India (K21386) and Asia Minor (4(19918).
0006 ALPAT'Ev, N. M.
Note on the 'AV,_t.S *0002 GUPTA, 1) C.; VA pathogenicity and on relative sus-eplihility of greengram ,sarieties to Ratylenchulus reniformis. Indian Journal of Agricultural Science (1982) 52 (I) 41-42 [En,, 9 ref.] Univ. of Udaipur, Udaipur, Rajasthan 313001, India.' In a pot experiment. Vigna radiata cv H70-16 was inoculated with 10. 100. 1000 or 10000 R. reniformis/pot. Plant hei 8it, fresh shoot weight, fresh root weight and number of nodules/plant were all reducco,,with increasing
0007 HELLINGA, J. H.; BOUWMAN,
inoculum density. Reproduction was maximum with the 100
.0003 WA L.0O. S. W.: NORTON.. D. C. Population changes otPratslenchus heAxincisui and P. scribneri in maize inbred lines. Plant Disease (1983) 67 (12) 13691370 [En, 9 ref.] Dep. of Pl. Path. Seed & Weed Sci., Iowa State Univ., Ames. IA 50011, USA. Population changes of P. hexincisus and/or P. scribneri in 18 maize inbred lines were studied in the giasshouse or field. 11ybrids A619HIt X A632Ht.and Mo17I1t X B73Ht, or CI23Ht, hosts of these nematodes, served as checks to monitor suitability of the environment for nematode reproduction. Inbred CI23Ht,, Mol7Ht and W64AIlt supported significantly more P. scribneri/g o dry root than other entries. Inbred C1231-1t !also supported significantly more P. hexincisuslg of dry 'root than other cultivars. Inbred A32Ht, B371h and B68F-t supported significantly fewer P. scribneri than other entries.
0008SA.EM, F. NJ. [Suitability of certain winter crops and ssiiiter .veeds as hosts of root-neniatodes in Egypt.] Uber die Eignung ciniger Winterkulturcn und WVjnterunkr~iuter als Wirtspflanzen von Wurzclnematoden in Agypten. Anzeiger ftir'Schidlingskunde Pflanzenschutz Umwehschutz. (1983) 56, 131-132 [De, en, 3 ref.] Fac. of Agric., Shebin EI-Kom, Egypt. Five Egyptian winter crops and associated weeds were pot and field tested in 1981-82. The roots of Viciafaba and Trifolium alexandrinum and of their associated weed V. caaroa were heavily infected with Meloidogyne javanica. Triticum -vulgare was not infected. The herb;cidal
0004 DUESENBERRY, K. .A.SOFFEs, A. R.; BALTENSPERGER. D. D.; DUNN, R. A. Response of Aeschynomrene and Desmodium spp. to Ateloidogyne spp. [Abstract). in Agronomy Abstracts. Madison, Wisconsin, IJSA: American Society of Agronomy (1983) 76 [En] Florida Univ., Gainesville. USA. In greenhouse tests, over 50% of the "110 Ae. ani(icana introductions tested rated 3 or more (0 = no root galls, 5 = over 100 root galls/plant) in response to M. incognita and 89 and 50% rated 2 or less in response to At arenaria ,.nd Al. javanica. respectively. Three of 12 D. keterocarpon introductions tested were resistant to M incognita and all rated 3 or more in response to M. hrenaria and Al. javanica. Eleven Ae. americana and three D. heterocarpon lines, varying in glasshouse respdnse to Aleloidogrne speies. were grown in an artificially infested field, Field and glasshouse results were generally in good a rcmnent.crops.
0005 SII)iQt,
N.
R.; LENNE,
elimination of V. calcarata is an important factor in the 0009 NORDMEYVER, D.; SIKORA, R. A. Four new hosts for' )Ieteroderadar,ti. Nematologia Mediterranea (1983) 11 (I) 101-102 [En. 5 ref.] Inst. fir Pflanzenkrankheiten, Univ. Bonn, 5300 Bonn I, GFR. Trifolium angustifolium. T. arvense, T. caonpestre and T. strialum are reportedas being new hosts for 11. daverti.
001OLEODY, P.P.; SINGHt, D.B. Chemical conincog?,nita on selected
trol of Me ea (1983) 11
Nematolog a - t Div. of Entomol. &
1 ref.] [En, (2) 197-198 Nematol., Indian Inst. of Hart. Res.,
J. NJ. Pterorylenchus
/c(ido.genus n.gen., n.sp., a new stem-gall nernatode pira,iti/ rig Desmodium oialifolium in Colombia. Journal of 16 (I) 62-65 lEn, 2 ref.] (:984) X'â‚Źi.atologv Commonwealth Inst. of Parasit., St. Albans, Iert, AL4 0XU. UK
1. J.: SCHOLTE, K.;
S'JACOB,J. J. Causes of root rot in maize on sandy soil. 89 (5) Netherlands Journal of Plant Pathology (1983) 229-237 [En, nil, 9 ret.]Dep. o Field Crops and Grassland Sci., Agric. Univ., llaarweg 333, 6709 RZ Wageningen. the ,Ntherland. In an outdoor pot trial to study the causes of root rot in maize, Pratylenchus crenatus and Tylenchorhynchus dubius were found to be harmless. The application of oxamyl did not significantly improve the health of the root system.
inoculum density.
Bangalore 560080, India.
91
in Bangalore, Trials aldicarb, applied at 1 kg economic value In the incognita on okra, brinjal, cowpea.
shcwed
India, a.i/ha, to have
control of H.
french bean aid
S011
VILL1,. J. NJ. Studies on the hiiolug,, pathug 'iucil
birdsfoot trefoil, red- cl'ver, broinegrass, orchardgrass and
and control of the lance neintode, lloplolaimus galeatu, on dent corn, Zea mnars. lAbstract). 1iisertation .4btrart international. B (0983) 44 (6) 1667B [En, Order No DA8324672] Illinois Univ., Urbana, USA. In a greenhouse test, all cultivars studied supported reproduction of the neiatode, but the degree varied ,idclv Seen inhreds supported more nematodes in roots than did seven hblirids. Yields differed "idelv among hybrids both on untreated soil and in response to nematicide treatment
timothy in glasshouse and field experiments in Canada. P. crenatos did rot affect tie yield of any of the hosts although reproduction was good on timothy. P. penetrans reproduced well on legumes and timothy and reduced yields of birdsfoot trefoil, red clover and lucerne in descending order. 0 01 6 PAKISTAN BOTANICAL SOCIErY Abstracts of papers presented to the 1st All Pakistan Conference of Plant Scientists, 23.26 February 1982, Department of Botany, University of Karachi. Pakistan Journal of Botany (1982) 14
0012 INSERRA, R. N.; O'lANNON. T I.; Di Vito, NJ.; 'FERRIS, 1l. Response of two alfalfa cultivars to
((February)) 1-50 [En] Abstracts of papers of nematological interest presented at
Aielidogyne hapla. Journal of Nematologs (1983) 15 (4)
644-646 (En, 17 ref.] Ist. Nematol. Agraria, CNR, Ilari,
Italy. The relationship between le initial densities of 2
native populations of A!. hapla and lucerne growth was
studied in glasshouse experiments in Bari, Italy, and Prosser,
Washingtone USA, on M hapla susceptible 'Washoe' and
resistant 'Neada Syn XX' cultisars There was a greater tolerance limit irt both cultivars to the Italian H. haplo population than to the American population.
the conference include: Studies of some Criconematidae (Nematoda) from Pakistan associated with fruit plants - by M.A. Maqbol; Association of Merlinius brevidens with inportant crops of Pakistan - M.A. Maqbool, N. Fatn 1.i and I.Salela; Studies of plant-para.sitic nematodes associaL.d with pear (Pyrus comnuns) in Pakistan - M.A. Maqbool and S. Haslhmti; Variation in plant-parasitic nematode population at various depths and moisture content on okra planted soil - A. Khan; Effect of interaction between Afeloidogyne incognita and Rhizobium japonicum on the growth of cowpea - M. Athar, Z. Akbar, A. Mahmood and M.A. Maqbool; An autecological study of anhydrobrosis in some phytonematodes - M. Sared and J. Roessner; Primary plant health care - neurtatode-free corms of banana - M. Saced, S.A. Khan, F. Qamar and H.A. Klian.
'-c
1o03 !,%711IL. R.11.
*[)iki:Ns, lR Plant-parasitic nematode Iopulatiuns in hernmudagras, as influenced hs cultural
practices. ,lgronotiv Journal (1984) 76 (1)41-43 [En, 13
ref.) Department of Agronoiy at Soils. Auburn University,
AL 36849, USA
A 3-)car study Aa, initiated in Nlay 1978 on Dothan
sandy loam to determine the effects of N sources, core
aerification, vertical mowing, and sand topdressing on
nematode potIulations Stubb) root (7rchodorus spp.). ring
(Cricone,,oith's spp). stunt (T'vlenchi,rhvnchus spp.), and
spiral (llelcoitrlenchui spp.) rclatodes were the principal
spp. present. Locr populations occurred where activated
seuvave sludye ,as the source of N than where NIINO, was applied. Topdr-sing. vertical niowun, and core aerification treatments had no consistent effcti on populations. The
grass selection lI)ohan suppored higir populations of stunt
and stubb) root ncmailcles but tewer spiral nematodes than
did 1fdwarf or Ttfgreen. Tifdwarf supported the greatest
overall nematosle population.
0 01 7 TARJAN, A. C.; FREDERICK, 1. J. Reaction of' nematode-infected centipedegras. turf to pesticidal and non足 pesticidal treatments. Procech'ngs of the Flonda State Hforticultural Society (1981) 94, 225-227 [En, 2 ref.] Univ. of Florida. IFAS, Entomology & Nematology Dep., Gainesville, FL 32611, USA. Centipedegrass turf (Eremochloa ophiuroides) at the University of Florida, USA, infected mainly with Hemicycliophora parvana and Macroposthonia spbaerocephala was treated with Ekol leaf mould, Cytex cytokinins, bendiocarb, Seaborn kelp-extract, phenamiphos足 fensulfothion mixture, phenamiphos, ethoprop or ethylene
dibeomide. The phenaniphos-fensulfotion mixture and
ethoprop treatments gave greatest reduction in nematode
numbers. Highest grass yields were obtained with leaf mould, followed by ethoprop and phenamiphos-fensulfothion mixture
(respectively 61, 45 and 39%) more than untreated control plots.
0014 SAEFKOW, NJ. [Palhutpe insesligalions with populations of Heterodera arenae in maize.) lathotypenuncrsuchungen mit Populationen oni Ih'terodero arenae an mais. Z''chrift ftr t'flan:cenkrankheiten und Pflan:enschut: (1983) 90 (4) 337-3.14 ile, cn, 30 ref.] Institut fir Angewandte Ilotanik der Univ. lamburg, MIarseiller Strasse 7 D-2000 Hamburg G d36, GR.,
0018 LOArFs-BECK-FORt, P. L. Developmental biology
an feeding behaviour of Tylenchorhynchus agri on two hosts, Trifolium pratense and Poa prutensis. Nemarropica (1982) 12 () 1-5[En es, 12 ref.] Dep. of Bot., Univ. of the (8 1 In s n es, Jmref .
West Indies, Mona. Kingston 7, Janmaica.
Eggs of Tyknchorhynchus agri were deposited as a single cell and the embryogeny was similar to that of some
other Tylenchorhynchtus spp. At 27"C eggs hatched 7 days
after oviposition and the 2nd-, 3rd- and 4th-stage juveniles
and adults were formed at 7. 13, 19 and 25 days respectively afler oviposition. Nematodes fed ectoparasitically on Trifolium pratense and P. pratensis with only the stylet tip
inserted in epidernal cells of the root-hair zone. The duration
of feeding was usually l-ss than 5 rain.
pathotype
(Stornan distict) and pahot)pc ixtnre C + I) (Straubing district, southern Germany) ,,ere studied in the
glasshouse and the first two also in field trials. Pathotype A produced the largest numbers of cysts. follo%ed by F and C 4 D. All 1I ioaize varieties studIrl lccainse infected with all 3 pathotypes. vas. Adour, Forla anul Prirreur being preferred. Additiinally, pathotype A gave higher cyst numbers also on vars lirillant, Linmac and Prior, pathotype E also on Anjou 21 aid palotypes C 4 D also on Linac and Velox. The population levels achieved were of little importance to all the varieties studied Palhotype A was the most virulent: yield losses for A were. for all except 2, over 10%, and for man., over 20%: pathoispc F gave a yield reduction of 20% in only 2 cases.
0 0 1 9 GuvrA. D. C. Studies on the pathogenicity and of some varieties of cowpta (Vigna unguiculats L. Walp.) against Afeloidogyne jiavanics.. Forage relative susceptibility
00 1 5 WILLIS, C. BT.;KtIMPINSKI, J.; rTttOMPSON, L. S. Reproduction of PraOlenchus crenatus and P. penetrans on forage
legumes and
grasses
and
effect on
Research (1979) 5 (2) 141-145 [En, 13 ref.] Dep. Nematology, larana Agric. Univ., Hissar 125004. India.
forage yield.
Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology (1982) 4 (2) 169-174 [En, fr, 14 ref.] Research Sta., Agric. Canada, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island CIA 7M8, Canada. The reproduction of P. crenatus antlP. penetrans and their effect on forage yield were determined on lucerne,
92
of
Cowpea cv. HFC 42-1 inoculated with 1000 or 10000 larvae of M. javanica/500 g of soil showed a significant reduction in height and fresh shoot and root weight. Out of 63 cowpen cvs. tested, vars. tIFC-12, UIFC-3II and C-28 showed resistance to At. javanica.
AfidoulIR&YLe incognita (Kofoid & White, 1919) Chitwood, 1949 em plintulas de hibridos de Saucharum sp. In Trabalhos apresentados j V Reunruo Brasd/eira de Nematologia, 9.13 fevereiro de 1981, Landrhla, 'R, Brasil. PublicaFio No.5, 1981. Piracicaba, SP, Brazil; Sociedade Brasileira dc Nentatologia (1982) 41-50 IPt, ell, 10 ref.] Univ. Fed. Rural de Pernaitbuc, Recife, Brazil. Pot trials on 19 hybrids of Saccharut inoculated with
about 20 0(X) ova or larvae of At. incognita showed that
although galling was high in some hybrids, all were tolerant
to infection. Hybrids CII 45-3, Co 997 and CP 51-27 were
intoculated with 40(X) ova, and tiledevelopment of the
infection monitored at 5-day intervals and compared with a
susceptible tomato variety. The 3 hybrids were poor hosts.
Influence of temperature 0020 COATUS-BECKFORD. P. L. and initial population density on population development and pathogenicity of Tylenchorb)'nchus agri on Trifolium pratenie and Pon pratensis. Nematropica (1982) 12 (I) 15-20 [En. 5 ref.] Dep. of Bot., Univ. of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica. At initial densities of 0 to 10 000 Tylcnchotynchus agril pot and tetmperatures ranging from 22-36"C the rate of population increase was faster at lower densities arid at higher temperatures on P. pratensis and Trifolium pratense. At 30 and 34"C and fluctuating tenmperatures (23-36'C) plant weights decreased with increasing initial nematode densities. If shoots of T. pratense, were clipped during growth, plant the higher density of weight was decreased with 1)Icnchorhynchus agri at 22 and 26'C.
0025
SIDntQI, M. R.: MUKtIERJEE,
B.;DASGUtrA, M. K.
Il)'enchorhynchus
Influence 0 0 2 1 COATES- BECKfORD. P. L., NlAt.rK. R. II. of time on populution development and pathmscnicity of prvieni Pos Tylenchorhynchus agri on Trifoium pratense. 12 11)7.14 [n. li2) 'riticumse.stirum. Neinatropwa (I and es. 5 ref.] Dep. of Bot.,Univ. of thie Wnt Indies, Mona. Kingston 7, Jamaica. In a 12 month glasshouse study begun in December populations of Tylenchorhynchus auri reached maximum levels ott winter wheat in May arid in July on P. pratcn)s and Trtfiliumn pratense when nuntbrs were beteeon 50 and 100 times the initial density of 2000 neniatodes/prit for the wheat and forage crops respectisely. Dry %eights of clipping, of the grass and clover were les.s In inoculated pots between May-July. Tylenchorhynchus agri had no apparent harmful effect otna first crop of wheat but in a second sowing in pots containing high populations, stature atid total dry matter were decreased.
microconus n.sp., T. crssicaudatus leriterminalis n.subsp. and T. coffeae Siddiiqi & Basir, 1959 (Nematoda: Tylenchida). Systematic Parasitology(1982) 4 (3) 257-2f,2 [Ett, 6 ref.] Commonwealth Inst. of Parasit., 395A Hatfield Rd., St. Albans, Herts, AL4 OXU, UK T. micro.onus tt.sp. from around the roots of Acacia West Bengal, India, is aunculiformix from Birbhum, described and figured. It is characterized by having females 0.46 to 0.65 aim long with coarse body annules, spear 15 to 18 pin long, short coltoid tail with 10 to 15 annules and smooth terminus. T. crssicaudatus leviterminalis n.subsp. from soil around banana, mango and Artocarpus integrifolia frot West Bengal is distinguished from T. c. crassicaudatus by lacking transverse striae in the lip regio. The description of T. coffeae is atplified.
0 0 2 2 SttARIA, R.D.
nematode
002r. RAM NA1tt; DWIVEDI, R. P. [Susceptibility
if
tespea c.
to
Effect of root-knot
development of gram caused
by FVsaum
oxysporum f ciceri and root rot by Rhizoctania ip. Indian Journal of Mycology and Plant Pathology (1981) 11 (1)46-49
[Etn, hindi, 9 ref.] Dep. of P1. Path., Chandra Shekhar Azad
Univ. of Agric. & Technology, Kanpur, India.
Inoculation of gram with Meloidogyne and Fusariuco or Meloidogyne and Rhizoctonia caused wilt and root-rot symptoms to be exhibited earlier and to a greater extent than
when inoculated with either fungus alone. The role of
and
Meloiiogyne in tile pathogenicity of Fusanium Rhizoctonia is discussed.
Afeloidogyne jaranica.] Suscetibiidade de cultivars de caupi Afeloldoniie (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) ao nemat6ide 9 49 . In Trabalhos javanica (Treub, 1885) Chitwood, 1 apresentados ji V Reunujo Lrasileira de Nenitatologa. 9-13 t'vereiro de 1981. Londnna. PR, Brasil. Publicacso No.5, 1981. Piracicaba, SP, Brazil; Sociedade Brasileira de 159-169 (Pt. en, 21 ref.] EMBRAPA/ Nemntologia (1982) CPAC. CP 70.0023, 73.300 Plattaltina. DF, Brazil. Of 12 V. ungui,:ulata cvs. grown in pots inoculated with 30 000 eggs and larvae of At. javntca. otly V4 Alagoas, IPEAN V-69-S252 and Jaguarh'e shoved gcod tolerance after 55 days. The rest were susceptible or highly susceptible.
*0027 StIUKLA, V. N.; GAIKWAD. S. J.;BULDEO. A. N. Two new records of root-knot nematodes. Indian t'hytopatholory (1981) 34 (3) 404-105 [Eo, I ref.] Dep. of
Plant Path., Coll. of Agnc., Nagpur, 440 010, India.
Ateloido'inciincognita is reportcd for the first time from
Ter'unnus labialis and Ruellia prostrata front Nagpur, India
0023 SILARMA. R. D.; MEDEIRos. A. C. DE S. [Reaction of some sweet sorghum genotypes to Meloidogjne javanica and Prtylenchus brachyurus..] Reaq6,.s de alguns get6tipos de sorgo sacarino aos nernat6ides, Meloidogyne javanica c Prtylenchus 6rachyurus. Pesquisa Agropecudria Br.Lsileira (1982) 17 (5) 697-701 [Pt, en, 9 ref.] CIAC, EMBRAPA, Caixa Postal 70.0023, CEI' 73300, Planaltina, DF, Brazil. In Brazil 16 Sorghum bicolor genotypes were screened for resistance to M. javanica and P. brachyurus in a greenhouse at 25 to 28 *C. Evaluations for root galls, egg nass developmett of M. javanica arid finalpopulations of both nematode species in soid attd in root and plant growth were made separately for each container 54 days after intoculations. Genotpes BR 601, CNIS x S 733, lIR 502, SART, CMS x S 734 aid BR 503 were highly resistant; IIR 501 and CIS < S 719 were resistant; CMS :< S 735, lIR 500, CMS :< S 623, CMS x< S 516, lilt 602 and CMS :X S 603 were moderately resistant to Af ja.ianlca All tile genotypes were susceptlle to 1'. brachyurvs except SART, which was modterately resistant. Out of the 4 genotypes CMS X S 734, IIR 503, CMS X S 719 and CNIS : S 732 tolerant to I. brachurus, nily genotype CMS :< S 732 WmS also tolerant to , jaaiih.n 0024 MOURA, R. 1. oF; LItr .%I. C. DA C.; WANG [Parasitism of ,fleloidog.yne incognita on SrNo LANG .Saccharum h)brid seedlinvi.. Estudos sobre o parsitismo de
on
[New
0026 PONTE, J.J.DA; FRANCO, A.; LEAL, 0. B. wild hosts of root-knot nematodes.] Novos hospedeiros
das galhas. In Trabalhos
silvestres de nernat6ides apresentados ji V Reuni~io Brasileira de Nematologia, 9.13
fevereiro de 1981, Londrina, PR, Brasil. Publicayio No.5,
1981. Piracicaba, SP, Brazil; Sociedade Brasileira de
Nenatologia (1982) 21-23 [Pt, en, 3 ref.] Cent. Ciec. Agric.,
Univ. Fed. Cear, Fortaleza, Brazil.
Aeloidogyne hapla ott Tephrosia cincrea, M. javanica on
Alternanthera polygonoide atid M. incognita on Crotalaria
str:tta are recorded from Cari, Brazil.
93
[Pathogenicity of Meloidoo-ne
0 0 29 ERENtttELr, E. YA. nematody
It Gallovye clover.] hapla on sel'skokhozyafstvennykh kul'tur i mery bor'by s nin.
(Afaterialy sirtpoziuma, Dushanbe, 25-27 sentyabrya 1979 g.). Dushanbe, USSR; "Donish" (1979) 64-65 [Ru] In a field test, At. hapla reduced the green yield of clover
by somie 30% in the first year and the number of galls
increased front 24 to 476/10 g root.
0030 BRITAIN, PLANr BRIEDING INSIIUIE Annual report 1977. Canmbridge, UK. (1978) 168 pp. [len, Plant nenatology pp. 28-29, 74, 77, 82, 85.861 Brief reports are given of field tests of potato clonies for resistance to Globdera rostochiensis, aid of commercial diploid varieties of red clover for resistance to Ditvlenchus dipsaci. Two techniques are described for assessing resistance of lucerne seedlit'gs to D. dipsaci. Symptoms appeared after 24 hours. Of 9 arieties tested none %vasas tesistairn as cv. Laltoitan but there were real and repeatalIle diffelreCes between varieties and it is concluded that resistant ,aiieties could be bred. Breeding of potatoes his beeit cottiiird with (l e Object o 0 foibiniig fesipottoet pateo tne of G. rostochiensis with resistance to pathotypes 'a I anid Pa3 of G. pa//idat. 003 1
VovtAs, N.; INSPsR,, R. N. liological several plant enxttivars. Journal of Netnatoogy (1982) 14 (3) 373.377 fEn, I= ref.] Itst. di Neiatologia agraria del Coisiglio Nazionale diEAle Ricercie, 70126 lan, Italy. The enibryogenic development of R. borealis, at 24 to Z6"C, wats coLpleted ott naize in 12 to 15 days, ard the lifec7.le of the nematode frori egg to egg required 35 to 40 da,, ac :20 to 25C. Juveniks remained in the soil as preinfectie sta_,z-s for 17 to 19 days before becoming adults. Only usoriature veriniform and swollen egg-laytig females %,ere finaund attached to maize roots. Eggs were laid ill a gelatiouis r-iajuix on the root surface; the niuiriber of eggs/egg mass was 45. -4- 28 on maize roots. leai, green pea, potato, sorghur, ar,.un sweet potato were also found ti be hosts of R. borealis Thee nemato.Je established a permanent feeding site ionmaize rrcit in art endodermal cell that became h)pertrophlcd. Le:::mcyclic cells close to the feeding site shooted granular cyrctmplasm and nuclei with hypertrophied nucleoli. A cell wall iteromh was also noted around tie area of stylet penetration into the endotetittal cell
resrrlonship of Roty/lenchulus borealtis ott
StiFE, C. C.; Rannrss, D. L; FROSt NtlsoN, D. L. Nerniticies anr fugicides inmprove legsme establishrmet. Agronomy Journa/ (182) 74 (3) 536-538 [13rr, 13 ref.) Del). of Aeroioiy & [I Gettics. Uriv.O Minnesota, St. Paul. MN 55108, USA. It a field expetlirent il Mioitcsota, USA. applicatioir of
plieiarniphos (5.6 kg al/a), aldoxycarb (8.9 kg a.i./ha) or
carbofuran 12.2 kg a.i.rha), prior to planting with lucerne or
birdsfot increased yields coipired totcoitrols it the trefoil, planting aid leginie follos ing year. Cardrfurr, ior pinafi , ere nore ete.c iie than liarld carb. Soil nenitode populatiors were iilaffected. Il a 2111 field experiient, catbofuran (2 .2 kg a i./ha) alole or it
coribiniiotis with iretalaxl (2 2 kg al/lit) or beiiniyl (16
kg ri/a) gave significantly greater lucerne yields thi:
cotrols or fungicides alone. Soil neriiatode popukltions .ete
unaffected although carhofurin or earbtura-t'nrecide
nt.tules signnificanitly reduced l'ratvtenchtas pnetnios
numbers tin lucerle iroots. It is ,uggestd that a neriratole-
fungus disease corrple- ray be reporshle for p.or seedliins
establishment ard yields ot lucerne.
*.0032
0033 SIIARMA R. D.; SWARUP, O. Hitherto unrecorded
phut parasitic nematodes of Andropogon ga)anus Kunth. var.
bisquamulatus Stiapt. from Cerradn reldon of [nL bTsqrnubn Sprtaf.dfom CrV o reujo o ira~dE In dn
Trabalo ap. eniraos 1i V ,eurianle ralu/tr " de
neoraeooluiea. 8-12 telecrr dc /Q8Z? Forna.iC:. PuOreasso
,Vo.6. (Edted by. Lordello. L.G.E.) Piracrcaba. SP. B[ratd.
Sociedadte trasilerra de Nematologa (1982) 99.102 [En. j
ref.1 EMBRAPA. CPAC, Plaraltina-DF. Brazil.
A survey of 10 soil and root amlples of A. ginnt, ,ar.
bisquamnulaus cv. 'Planaltina' from 'Lrnaima. flrazil
revealed the following plar.t parittic nematocles:
Prarylenchus brachvurus. Ielicoylerchus d&gmntcuiv i, Macropoasthonia onrta. The dominant species. Hi. drgonicu'. is reported for the first trie from Brail. Other genera and species present were: Tylenchus, Aphelenchoides. Ditylenchut and ApheleochLus avenae. This is the first report of these 94
nematodes associated with Cerrado regions of BraziJ.
andropogon
gram
from the
0034 StitsiE IEROV. A. A. [ly nics of para.itic nermatode" on "rtfolium pratense.] Byulleten" VsCoyuznogo nstituta Gel'rnnitologii im. K.. Skryabina (1981) No.31, 98足 R(4 [Ru. en, 8 ref. lhe seasoual variation in the numbers of the specific plant pathogenic nematodes of T. pritense - Pratylenchus pratensts, I)/enchorh)-tchus dubius and Paratylenchus irtyjmcr - in the roots, rhizosphere and soil were studied in the European SSR]. Vegetative stages (flowering and prepaiation for winter), hutnidity < 16%. large numbers of predatory itlitLds. antagonistir, numbet of bacteria arid tungi. ploughing and crop rotation had a limiting effect on P. prJct'tus populations. Often, 4th stage larvae were the diitnant stage in tle soil. Migration from roots to rlimr, pliee to soil, and vice-versa and into deep soil layers ,,a, oflen obsencd. All these factors and, especially antagorisii with P. proj'tu.s atid with species of Tylenchus. Aglenchus and Filenchus also influenced thle population dynamics of T. dubius. Peak numbers of T. dubis coincided with low numbers of P. projectLs. l1ratylenchus pratensis had little influence on population dynamics arid was found mairdy it small roots at 25 to 60 cm. 003 5 Perrs,A, N. M. [Changes in numbers of Ditylenchus dip.sei and its distribution ofn Trifolium pratense and in soil.] Byulleten' Vsesoyuzjiogo Instituta Gel'mnintologi im. K.L Skryabin (1981) No.31, 40-44 [Ru, en, 9 ref.] Ire distribution of D. dipsaci oit Trifolium pratense seedlings was studied in experinentally infected plants. At the 2-leaf stage, most of the nematodes were in the epicotyl and the upper part of the hypocotyl; ondy 2.3% were in the cotyledon and only in 8.6% of the plants. Other plant organs were gradually penetrated but no nematodes were found in the roots of either susceptible or resistant var. at 5 weeks. At all stages most of the nematodes aid eggs were in the bud atid in the epi- and hypocotyl. The nematodes multiplied and
accumulated in the leaf stalks and veins; few were found in
the mesophyll. At 5 weeks, there were 118.0 nematodes and
81o-f eggs/plant of tine susceptible var. and 69.8 and 59.4
respctively on the resistant var. The distribution of D.
repecivon t rsistt v r t yisriti fid
Wpsaci on adult plants was studied over 3 years in the field
(in USSR). Most nernatodes were found in the stems at all
stages of growth, followed by leaves, root neck and roots
(very few nematodes were in the roots). At the end of vegetative growth most nematodes found in tile soil were in
the 0-10 cut layer; there were none below 30 cm.
0036 SKtPP, R. A.; CIIRIsTENSEN, M. J. Invasion of while clover roots by fungi and other soil micro-organismns. IV. Survey of root-invading fungi and rematodes In some New Zealand pastures. New Zealnard JoLrnal of AgriculturaJ Reseawrch (1983) 26 (1) 151-155 [En, 18 ref.] PI. Dis. Div., DSIK, Private Bag, Palmerston North, New Zealand. A survey of nt-natode invaders of while clover roots rt..r pastures through~out New Zealand showed Heterodera trtfolii, Afeloidog)yne spp. and P-atylenchus spp. to be present in samples romn 75%, 58% and 48% of sites respectively. 0037 SINot,incognita D. B.; REDDY, P. Chemical control of ,feloidogone infecting P.cowpea. indiair Journal of Nematology (1982) 12 (I) 196-197 [Eu, 2 ref.] Indian InsL.of 11-ficultural Ren., Blangalore 560080, India. itu hi a field experiment in BangAlore, India, aldicaro. carbiofuran, etlhopop or phenamiphos at 0.5, 1.0 or 1.. kg a.i.;ha as applied one day before sowing cowpea seeds. All rienaticides significantly reduced tie root-knot index and .ceased yields compared to controls; ptetatniphos arid aldicarb being the most effective. 0038 GERMANI, Co.;CUANY, A.; MERNY. G. [Factorial analysis of the effect of 2 nematodes on the growtl. of Arachis and on the symbiotic fixation of nitrogen.] L'analyse
factorielle des correspondances appliquie Arl'influeuce de deux n(matodes sur la croissance de l'arachide ct sa fixation symbiotique de V'azote. Revue de Nmnrai logic (1982) 5 (1) 161-168 [Fr. en, II ref.] Lab. de Nmatol. ORSTOM, BP 1386, Daskar, Senega!. The numbers of nematodes in soil and roots, the numbers rid weights of bacterial nodules, the weights of roots and aerial parts and nitrogen fixation, as deteririned by the acetylene reduction assay, were recorded every fortnipht during the growth of Arachis infected with Scutellonerra cave-nessi in Senegal ano with Aphasmnatylenchus straturatus in Upper Volta in plots treated with DBPC or left untreated. Factorial analysis demonstrated the relationships between variables and gave a clearer picture of the events occurring during a control programme. A marked nigative correlation was established for both nematodes between nematode numters and nitrogen .ixation by symbiotic bacteria. The nematode affects the plants both directly and indirectly reducing symbiotic nitroren fixation.
epidermis with poor fungal growth in the cortex, Vascular bundles were free from mycelium. Roots infected with both organism. indicated that fungal penetration could be through qe epidermis far from the nematode as -well as at the nermtode pont of eitry. The fungus grew well in sloughing epi.L,,mal cells and xylem vessels. Giant cells were also infected by several fungal hyphae and became devoid of cytoplasm.
I'ONTE, 1. J. oDs; SANtros, C. 1). G. [Behaviour of new Vigna ungucnltta hybrids to parasitism by Meloidngyne spp.] Comportamnto de novos hibridos de feijio inacissar, Vigna tnguiculat, Walp., em relar;5o an parasitisito de tetnat6ides da galhas, Meloidogyne spp. In Trabalhos apresentados i1 V' ieunijo Brasileira de neirntologia. 8-12. fevcreiro de q.?, For'lea. Publicaqjo Nc.6. (Edited by: Lordello, L.G.E.) Piracicaba, SP, Brazil; Sociedade Brasileira de Nematologia (1982) 27-32 [ft, en, 5 ref.] Univ. Fed. Brazil. Fortalza, Cearm, V. ung iculata tested for hybrids of[[(I-y,) new Bri 5ew t 5 6fOftire M. arenana and M. javanica, -f. incoynita, Af. resistance to hipla, Amdlia and Otilia showed resistaice while Carmen, mderately susceptible, susceptible Lianna werec and susceptible Angela rcslx-ctively, and highly
Validation of a 0044 DUNCAN, L. W.; FERRIS, 1t. model for pi'lction of host damage by two nematode species. Journal of Nemstology (1983) 15 (2) 227-234 [En, 18 ref.] Dep. Nematol., Univ. California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA. Plant roots were mechanically injured or subjected to nentatode parasitism to test the model of host damage by 2 ntnittode specie,: y = in' + (1-m:cztl')c'tP,z for i 4 1.0 1.0 for y > 1.0, where n' = ti, + (mnni) (l-yl)/ and y zil rgr,)/ si2 . iDamage =wth(z,s -rT+ + n el s ll tplants i ju c'dgrown a yand t igreenhouse h(l-y,,) l? ) r e for (cv. Chelt.y radisl. functions ,) needles large or small Bel,. mechanically injured wth were used to predict growth of plants injured by both needles. Growth predictions accounted for 94'70, 87% and 32% of nean treatment variation in plant height, ,tem weight, and root weight, respectively. Cowpea (cv. California Blackeye No.S) danage functions, based on preplant population levels of Meloidogyne incognita and M. javanica. were used to predict seed yield of plants concomitantly infected with various levels of each species. Single species damage functions and population growth curves indicated sg.nificant aost resistance to i. incognita and significantly lower virulence of that species compared to Af. javanica. Model predictions accounted for 88% of mean seed yie!d vaiation in 2 species treatments. II a -eparate experiment, mean toi weights of 30足 day-old co,ea C'lants, uniformly inoculated with 20 000 M. javanica egg , increased with increasing levels of concomit ntl inoculated Al. incognita eggs. It may be that the competitive interactions between M. incognita and M. javanica mitigated host damage by the more virulent species.
complex [Studies or a root rot 0043 NOROMEYI'R, D. with in ortw t t . ORD In T in Tritolium snbterrnum in north-west Tunisia, with special reference to interactions amang the causal agents.] Untersuchtngen dber eiien Wurzell1iiulekornplex an Trifolium suhterrancutn L. in Nordwest-Tunesien unter besonderer Beriicksichtigung von Weclv;elbeziehungen zwischen den Erregern. Thesis, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhehms-Universitit, Bonn, GFR (1979) 124pp. [D,, l3pp. of ref.] From Plant lredirng Abstracts 53 (6), 4894.
0039
[Assessment of the resistance and 0040 PUTSA, N. M. tolerance of red clover to the stem nematode.] In Zaschita kormovykh kuj'tur ot vreditcle, boleaznre i sornyakov (7Nauchnye Trudy VASKhNIL). [ChiefEditcr: Fadeev, Y.N. Moscow, USSR; "Kolos" (1980) 31-34 [Ru] Methods usesd to assess the re3istance of red clover vats to Ditylenchus dipsaci in the laboratory and in experimental field conditions in the European USSR are described. In laborator, tests the resistance indef. (RI) of the 8 vats tested ranged from 17.09 to 35.83% with the highest in Tetraploid VIK. It field tests when resistanc" and tolerarce were assessed in 2 consecutive years, Tetraploid VIK showed an RI of 48.47% at the final assessment and good tolerance. The field RI's of the other vas were lower than those recorded in the bhioratory.
0045
Reaction of certain 004 1 DAS, P.; PiiUKAi,, P. N. cultivars to root-knot nematode (Aeloidogine mung
Incognita). Indian Journal of Nemntology (19?2) 12 (I) 204205 [En, 2 ref.] Dep. Zool. & Entomol., Asam Agric. Univ., Jorhat-785013, India. In a pot ,xper.ment, all 17 ciltivars of tnung tested were . :.icognita. Cultivar B-I was the least susceptible to suseptible. RusliDI, M. H.; SE! LAM, M. A.; ASD-ELRAZIK, A.; 0042 ALL&M, A. D.; SALFM, A. Histological changes, induced by Afeloldogyoe Javanica and Fusariur specled on roots of Journal of plants. Egyptian leguminous selected Phytopathology (1980, publ. 1982) 12 (1/2) 43-47 [En, ar, 19 of Agric., Fac. Path., ref., 6 pl. (unpaged)] Dey. of Plant Univ. of Asciut, Egypt. Invasion of M. jaannca alone into roots of broad bean and cowpea caused much damage to plant tissues and caused the formation of thick-walled, multinucleate giant cells with granular cytoplasm. Hyperplastic tissues were formed around hypcitrophied cells. Roots of broad bean infected by F. oxysporum or roots of covpea infetted by F solani alone showed that the fingal inasion was confined to the
OltltltRtN, P..A.
Screening of some West African
untgiiciltata for resistance to root-I:not nematndes Afeloidogyne icognit:t and ill. jaranca. hi l'roceedings of tie 3rd Rcearch 'lanning Con'-rence on root-ktot itetifnode, Aeloidopyn spp., tcgions IV and V, cowpeas
l'igtna
16-20 November 19,;1, lbadan, Nigeria. (Intertational Afelhidogyne Project). lbadai, Nigeria; rIternational Institute of Tropical Agriculture (1982) 231-238 [Er, 10 ret ) Sch. of Biol. Sci., Univ. of Poit haicourt, Rivers State, Nigeria. Of the V. ingiiicait;a lines from Senegal and Nigeria screened for resistance to 3 races of At. incognita adti one rnce of .41.jnvanic;t, only line TVU 857 front Nigeria showed high resistance.
95
Influence of 004 6 KIMPINSKI, J.; EL EtAuic, S. aldicarb, carbofuran, propoxur and fenamiphos on activity of Pratylen:hus penetrrrs (Cobb) and P. crenatus Loof. Revue de Ndrzrtoltfie (1983) 6 (1) 103-110 [En, fr, 36 ref.] Agrie. Canada, Rt. Sta., P.O. Box 1210, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada CIA 7MS. Aldicarb was more cllective than carboluran, propoxur or fenamiphos in controlling P. penetans and P. crenatus on timothy and red clover in a pot experiment and in reducing the number of nematodes passing through sand columns. There was a significant inte:action between temperature,
aldicaeb concentration and nematode spectra. Yleld incrtasC3 were associated with aldicarb treatments on red clover and timothy infected with P. penetrans and P. crenatus respectively. Aldicarb and fenamiphos caused changes in body shape and activity of female nematodes; P. penetrans recovered more quickly from the effects of fenarniphos than from aldicarb whereas P. crenstua recovered more quickly after similar exposure to aldicarb.
During 1978 and 1979, patches of stunted,
chlorotic and wilted plants developed in
experiment, t stands of D. gyroides and D.
ovalifoliu in Colombia (Santander de QuT足 lichao and Carimagua). Many plants were defoliated and died. Large galls were found
on the roots am nematodes found in the
galls and the soil were identified as M. javanica; this is the first report of F1. ice pathogenic to Desmodium spp. in South America. Surveys failed to detect H.
javanica or any other teloidogyne spp. on
Desrtuium spp." and other plants at 17 pasture evaluation sites elsewhere in South
America (Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia,
Ecuador, Peru and Venezuela). At one of the
sites in Colombia, 1. lavanica was wide足 spread on several Desmodium spp. and many
weeds of the familytae; ft was not detected on native legumes (including Desmodium spp.). Of 38 tropical pasture
legumes tested in glasshouse pot trials,
only 13 were susceptible to M. javanica.
These Included 10 of 13 Desmodium appt.
accessions: CalopLolui
mucunoildes, Centrosema hybrid andManctiliur. The
last 2 were only slightly susceptible.
Reactions of 7 D. heterocarpon accessions
varied from moderately susceptible to
resistant. D. gyroldcs, D. ovalifolium and Desmodium sjF. UrftM6 were more susc pti足 ble. D. distortum, Leucaena leucocephala,
D. he-terp足 phaseoloides, Stylosanthes app, and Zornia latifolia were
it0470'BRIEN, P. C. A study on the host rpntve of Pratylenchus thornei. Australasian Plant Pathology (1982) 11 (1) 3-5 [En, 6 ref.] Pl. Pathol. Dep. of Primary Industries, lndooroopilly, Q. 4068, Branch. Australia.
Inoculation of maize, soybean, navy bean, sorghum, peanut and rhodes grass with P. thornei in a pot experiment indicated that navy bean, sorghum, maize and soybean were good hosts of the nematode. A list ranking the siuiccplibilhy of es. to P. thomes is gtien. 0048 NGUYEN-'rItI TIU CUC New weed host of rice stem nematode Identified In Vietnam. Inteniational Rice Research Newsletter (1982) 7 (3) 15 [En] Pl. Protection Dep., Cantho Univ., Hau Giang, Vietnam. The weed species Sacciolepis iuterrupta ind Echinochloa colona are reported as being hosts for Dityleochus angustus in Mekong Delta rice fields. 004S JAIN, l. K.. Pathogeniciti of Ilelicotlth'nchus dih.ers to Cenchrus ciliaris. Indcan Journal of coaitlog" (1980, publ. 1981) 10 (2) 236-239 [En. 7 ref.] Indian Grassland & Fodder kes Inst.. Jhansi, India.
liehhcotvlencius dihrsgera (at 0. 10, 100, 1(KYor 10 (X0/ pot) was inoculated to 25-day-old scrdlines of Cc'uchros cilia is,culrivar IG F R I 3 108, and in a scpara -ee peri nen t to 6 cultivars at 10 O0/pot. After 6 months, fresh arid dry
weights of roots and shoots in both experimenis were
significantly reduced. In the field. 72 cuhrivars of C cilaris
had high soil populations of H. dihysiera.
RKJ
resistant.
0 0 5 2 i A-R u .% S.:K R s i R.;. L. R.;G )i~o :\, A. Corn cyst ier:r,,:,ie, fer.der,', zeas. in the United States. Plarr i~is t. 19l) 65 7) 22 [Eu. 3 ret] Den. of Botany, Univ. i Marland. Collee Park. MD 20742. USA. . zeac ias-,e,.r.Pdr:: sound i January 1981 in samole *f od :r ;i:ld5ri Kent County, Maryland. USA. this
0050 Sir.DIQI, M R Six nev species of Coslhnchus Siddiqi, 1978 (Nematoda: T.ienchidael. Neiatolovica (1980) 26 (4) 432-447 [En, de, 7 ref.] ComrnonAealth Inst.
llelminthology, St. Albans, fleets, lIerts, UK.
Coslenchus tuAc-censis n.sp. from gladiolus soil in
Turkey has 12 longitudinal cuticular ridges besrues the lateral
fields, a well developed postvulval uterine sac and
rudimentary lateral vulval rierrbranes. C plycrocephalus n.sp.
arid C ituhig urus n.sp. from cauliflower soils in Syria are
recori ized, respectisely, by a Stiongly sclerotized ceplralh
frarrework arid by 22 longitudinal ridges excluding lateral
fields C. alacinatus n.sp. from maize aid tomato soils in
Portugal lacks lateral vulval irembranes anu has the
excretor, pore at or near the oesophageal base. C franklinac
nsp from Nigeria and Ghana differs from C. cosratus, to
%%isch it is rciated. in hasing a bod.%less than 0.5 mm long, a continuous ccphalic regiorn islich is broadly rounded to
truncate and narrower lairal fields being 1/4 as wide as body. C i'ise.suahsv rsp. fron banana soil in Nucaracua. is bisexual and the smallest (0.36 to 0.38 itoi long) species in the genus. The new species are dc'rribed and a key to differentiate between the various nominal species is go en. Ti;etnchus cauicellatus Cobb, 1925 is reinstated as Coslcnchus canceltatus (Cobb, 1925) neorrb. A ieotpe has been designated for Coslenchus costatus (WIlMan) and Cosh'nchus lycope.aicus (IHusaii & Khan, 1976) s regarded as a .specias inquirenda
*005 1 LENNE, J.H. Reaction of Desmodium species and other tropical pasture legumes to the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne a . Tropical Grasslands (0981T1(31 17-20 [tn, 12 ref. I Centro Internac. de Agric. Trap. (CIAT), Ap,irtado Adreo 6713, Call, Colombia.
5,..:,.
... ::',:
pt
mseI.crilvfrom us!. f
India. Epl I
0053 KIAN. E.; S ttA, M.: CII.WLA, M. L. Two net species of floplolaimoiden (Tvlenchida: Nemalods) from m a India. Indian Journmal o' Nen ioiog'i (1980. publ. Iq9l) 10 (21 11-123 [En. 5 ref.) Di%. of Nematol.. Indian Agnc Res. last., N:u Delii 11001:l India Roi.lrnci,,oc inpar rr.sp. from soil around maize and Sciuirl,','onmb -r:inur n.sp from soil around palm at Ii:tiralort. India. are described and figured R. impar rCs'tnhbe, R imcrircdiui and R aflhnis bu differs by hamg tie smallest st. Icr in the venus (17 to 21 /trn), aii anteriorly located vulva (V = 67 to 747) and a post-rectal intestinal sac. S. lv.,r.iiio m ek:'hmbles S. brachiurum and S. h,''l,,ci:sis but canibe distinguished by haing a conoid Irurnat'e lip roginin, sc reIlae located 2 to 4 anniiles interior to anurs, abt..nce of aieolation in lateral field, sylet 25 to 29 pm and 0 = 16 to 19.
96
0054 DN'NIIR. M. W.; PALMtII. T. P.; EI.is, T. J.; l3iNe,.i-i, P. P. Field evalaitioo" of lucerne cultivars for Ditylenchus dipsici tNerttiirIndi: Tylemchldae) anl Ac'rrhosiphon kordoi tl leiiptera: Aphididaet. In Prcecdings of the 2nd .Au.sri.rstan G'ontervnce on gra .land invertebrate ecojoey. Pahnersion North. New Zealand. 22-21
Af.a ;973 [Edited by: Crosb. FK.; Portuner. R.P.I.
Welingtm. Ne;s Zealand: P.D. Hassicberg, Goienm:ent
Pnnter. 119801 99-102 ISBN 0-477m16 54-2 [En, Q ret'I Crop
0 Res Dii . Priate Bag. Chrisichurch. New Zealad.
In New Zealand. 3 lucerne :ultIjars were tested fir
resistance to D dipeict arid .A. kond,,t ii soil alreadv int6'cled ith bacterial 'mdt. Cultnsrs Washoe. Lahoitan .iri
Re'siiador 11 ihowed 4,.d ren'utNance to both %ilt and
neniawutc' but iladoator .h '.-J uscepnilblty to 'tie itoc.r! int.iaticns cI"ne.tliod: ven populttin of D di.*al took iome tune :o cause cornsieLatirl dainage but y the3rd sea-on only zuihisars W.%hote. Lahitian ant, Resstator {I were still producing, idequalcly 0055 BRITAIN. ROFIIAMSTED EXFERIMENTAL STATION Report for 1980, Part 1. Hiarpenden, I-lets; Lawes Agricultural Trust. (1981) 314 pp. [En, [Plant hernatology pp. 21, 29. 31-32, 149.164]] investigations included the effect of aldicarb on nenatodes on winter wheat, on I'rartyenchus nt-elvctus and P. t]JOrrii on 1"icia fabs. and Pra tli) and Tvenchorhsnchus on leafless pea. A short review of work ot tlte nernaticidal control of cyst nematodes o%:r tite last 15 years isgiven. Work on the econonic effects of retatode on crops included Helicotylcncht." ard Pararalhnchuson grasses, Paratrichcdoruq and other nenatodes otn spring chea Pratylencbu, TylJenchorhnchus and other%on forage maile, Afeloidogyne £'raminocola on rice, Al. acronra on cottion and Hirschmanntiella on Cohlasia csculent. Tolerance of Potato t
%arieties to cys netnatode, the interactions between nematodes, Rhizobium and fungi on peas and between nematodes and Fusanum ott cotton, the biolocy of Glofxadera paliida. HeteroderB 'oettincianaand Dit lenchu.s dipsaci were also investigated. Other studies included the patilLWenicity of Nematophhora gvnophila to 11. schachtin and of Venicillium behaviour of chahnvdosporium to 1t. atense. feeding Loncidorus cinapiticol and Ctenorhabd.mc. eluatf, the morphology of Iic.raiylus tiviparus, morphometrics of Mel'oidogyrne, techniques for cyst extraction front soil and the ulrastructure of PArachordcjes woier-stortTv 0056 SItiANCIIK. I. i [I le prei alence ol plant nenatoes on wheat, lupin land mnaize grvin in crop rotation.] In Teoreticherskie osnovr i praktchnkw priemnry vrrashchiraniya saikharnoi svekl.! i drr'iLh lul'tur. Kies, UISSR;. (1977) 101-103 [Ru] Front 'cferainnyviZhurna, Biologiya (1978). 7 E945. PraI lnrichus prcnsi. and Patat.hiCllu n:io1S were recorded on wheal. lupin arid maize eros.n ina 0-fielo system of crop rotation in Zhilomir, Ukrainian SSR 1'. hanus was predoinnant on lupin and Ira t/enchus practs oiiwheat. Maize was the least affected. 0057 NEW ZEALAND, MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND FIStHERIES. Annual report of the
Agricultural Research Division, 1978/1979. Wellington, New Zealand. (1979) xxi +
320pp. [En, Plant nematology p.2691
The annual use of chemical nematicides against Ditylenchus dipsaci on lucerne in dryland and irrigated trials in the Upper Waitaki Valley, North Otago, New Zealand, resulted in production increases of lucerne of over 180% in spring and autumn (as measured by dry matter production). Within 3 years the plant density of susceptible lucerne cultivars had diminished by about
20%.
0058 SULTAN,
subfamily
M.S.
Spiral
Rotylenchinae
nematodes Golden,
of
the 1971
(Tylenchida: hoplolaimidae) from India. (1981) 9 (1) Nematologica Mediterranea 35-47 lEn, it, 2 ref.] Dep. of Zool., Aligarh Muslim Univ., Aligarh-202001,
India.
Females of Ilelicotylenchus shakili n.sp.
India; I. fnrapteracercus
from Chamba, n.sp. from Imphal, India; L1. tangericus
n.sp. from Srinagar, India; I. .aljihi n.sp.
from Bareilly, India and It.valecus n.sp.
from Khajjlar Valley, Cliamba, India are
described and figured. Species were found
around roots of 7ea mays, Nobab fruit, Rosa 97
sp., Morus indica ana grasses respectively.
II. shakili differs from 11.dilhystera in the aifferent shaped spear kno-s, the longer basal oesophageal gland lobe and the longer pointed tail. If. parapteracercus differs from I. teracercus in the longer spear (7-8-micron's, the ventral overlap of the basal oesophageal gland lobe being longer than the dorsal, phasmids anterior to the anal level and different manner of terrina tion of lateral lines on the tail. H. wajihi differs from II. dini in the prominent hemispherical lip shorter aus spear (23-24 microns), different position
of phasmids and shape of tail. It.
tan cricus and II. valecus closely resemTe II. serenus but the former differs it the truncate lip region, rhape of basal knobs, position of the orifice of the dorsal oesophageal gland, no spermatheca and broadly hemispherical tail. tI. valecus differs in tine longer spear ""(31-33 microns), lower '0' value (29) and irregu larly shaped tail terminus. An analysts trom 0059 AtKI,'sON. I1.J.:SYKES. G. B3. aerial photography of the spread of seed-borne Ditylenchus dipsaci in lucerne. Vematologica (1981) 27 (2) 235-241 [En. de, 17 ref.] Dep. of Pure & Applied Zool., The Univ. of. Leds LS2 9JT. UK. Aerial photography of 3 fields of lucerne in the UK in the spring of 19;8 arid 1979 %%ereused to monitor the spread of a sed-borne infestation of D. dipsa.ai. Analysis suggests that there was ainaegreg'ated distnbution of the foci 2 months after sowing, with a better fitt3a negative binomial than to a Poisson distribution over the subsequent 3 years. Results from using art iniage analyser suggest that tie infestation develops by the generation of additional colonies from the origins! ibci and by the progressive expansion of the area danaked by an established colony. There was a 4- to 5-fold annual increase it thei nunber of foci, their mean size anti the area of the field that was damaged during the initial years of the infestation. In these fields movement due to mowing seemed to be the main factor in dispersal hot higher rates of colonization may occur when surface drainage or the wind contribute to this process. 0060 AZMI, M. 1. Rate of multiplication and pathogenic effects of llelicorilenchus dihystera on koorhahool tLeucaena lati.siliqua). Indian Journal ofemarology (1981) 11 (1)69-71 (En, I ref.1 Indian Grassland arid Fodder Res. Inst., Jhansi, 284001 India. An experiment to study the rate of multiplication of Ht. dihystera in the presenc: aid absence of L. latisiliqua shoied rates to be greater in the pre-sence of the host. Shoot and root length and shoot and root weight of L. latisiliqua were ere ila et a nd ro ds len 100 the at respectively 68% reduced by 36, 29, 37 and inoculum level. 006 1 CtOMCIIALOW, N.
lie cltivstlon of winged betn.
Kasikorn, Thailand (1976) 49 (3) 224-241 [In] From Winged Ileans, IDRC Abs. World Lit.1910.1977, (1978), 138. In a general article Aeloido!vn inicogtiita is reported as a pest ofPaiphocarpastctrsnhbut. *OO62JOHNSON, A.W.; YOUNG, J.R.; NILLINIX, B.G. Applying nematicides through an over head sprinkler irrigation system for con trol of nematodes. Journal of Nematology
(1981) 13 (2) 154-159 lEn, 4 ref.]
Phenamiphos, ethoprop and carbofuran each
at 6.7 kg a.i/ha were applied to squash,
southern pea and corn via injection Into a
sprinkler Irrigation system. This method
was then coUmared with a conventional
application of phenamiphos and ethoprop
granules spread on the soil surface and incorporated Into the top 15 cm for control
of MacrpEathonia ornata and Me",, incog Nea e populations in the soil and root-gall indices were lower, and
yields greater, in treated than In
untreated plots, but there were no significant differences between the methods of application in most comparisons.
0083 NISII1ZAWA, T. Prel itinary experiment on varietal reaction of corn to three
Mieloidogyne species. In Proceedings of the 3rd Research Planning Cenference on root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne spp., Region VI, 2n-24 Ju!y 1981, Jakarta,
Indonesia, Raleigh, NC, USA; North Carolina
State University (1981) 55-63 [En, 16 ref. J Phytonemic Res. Lab., Nat Inst. of Agric. Sci., Yatabe, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. All 72 maize cultivars tested in a pot experiment showed immunity to M. I I ; none was Immune to M. Incognita or a. javanica. -'.
O064NIGERIA, I'I"EATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TROPICAL AGRICULTURE. Annual report 1980. Ibadan, Nigeria. (1981 ?) vi + 185 pp. [En,
Plant nematology pp. 61-62, 70,72, 76-781
All of 10 cassava cultivars were ausceptible to Meloidogyne incognita and l. avanica with the former being moFe
aggress ve. For Dioscorea rotundata cv Nwapoko hot-water treatment in the range 45'C for 40 min and 55"C for 40 min is recommended for nematode control,
Scutellonema bradvs was cultured in the greenhouse on sweet potato or cowpea, but culture on sprouting yam pieces was unsuc cessful. Newly harvested D. rotundata were treated with combinations-of hot water and chemical (Tecto, aldicarb, Miral) treatment: none of the treatments was 100% effective against S. bradys. Treatment of D. rotundata at vrious stages of growth Wit) ethephon at concentrations of 5 to 320 ppm had no effect on soil nematode populations. 0065 rIM'NS|END, J.1.., SjI01S, L. Histopatimology ,.nd Iislol., ,tryof lesions causeil by !'ratylenchus penetrans il
rots v.:,rage legumes. Cimaidi Jirnalof' ant Pathwtlogy (19SI) - 3) 123-128 [En, fr, 26 ref.] Rcsearch Station, Agric.
Casat; Vineland Sta., Ontario LO.R 21"0, Canada.
)' pt,!netrans
entered along the entire length of feeder
rots of hicerie, red clover, and birdsfibot trefoil except root
tips. ILesiois first appeared as watersoaked areais which later
bIeame discoloured. Lesions coaesced aind intensity of ifpotorroion itcreascd with title, tileCelour of ItSiils %arying with the host. Nematodes fed in the cortex andlieser etieted the stele althougi the stele becaitie discoloiired. Pol)dcrin tieveloped betiatb the endoderemis inluceriie riots and cellsnltiplictiont occured inspindle-shaped Cells at tle enididermis ii bird4ofoot trefiil rools iiiresponse to daimagnld cotlical tissue. llIuce ne tilepresence of polyietiols whas observed in nemmatode damiaged cells. Much of the discoloturation reulted front oxidation of plicols imisolvimig ite foriration of ligiiinlike substancs its\thin phenols were held in :a reduced state, characteristic leiots did not fIorm. 006 0-1-EYNS, J., 1965. "Four new species of moe genus Xipldnema (Netiatoda: Dot ylaiinoidea) from South Africa." Nematologica, 11 (1), 87-99. (French summary p. 99.] 4 nev species of Xipinema are described and figured including details of their juvenile stages.
98
X. cla-.',wn .Sp., fri-,n niat;hy areas in th ]izan
district .i tileTrariskci, is close to '.rotundatunt
from w.hich it differ:; in the absence of an organ Z,
the shape tit"
'c female tail wlich is hemispherical
to slightly cla,.te and the presence of itales with a
liemisplhcrical tail. It differs from X. .\apoeise
in a relatively ,lnger and diflerenily sh'aped tail and
the flatter lip region which is not offset by a con striction. The odlonTostyle is 119 (107-127)1± long
plus an extension 78-9014 long. It X. pinti n.sp.,
from about the roots of tinthrifty Phtus patula
at Sabic, 'Fransvial, the tails of both sexes are sub hemispherical with a slight protuberance at the
terminus. It is distinguished fron X. yapoetse,
X. mnanmti'llattto atl V. tnricui by tie presence
of an organ Z which has 3 or '1 sclerctized ridges
projecthig into its lutnen in each gonad of the
females; frots A,.rotiidatumii by a relatively shorter
tail and a shorter odontistyle which is 101- 113t±
long plus an extetnsiion 73-861. long; front X. ingcs
by its smaller size L--30--3.58mn., and shorter
spear. ,'.iitator t.sp. from a grassy hill near
Sordwana Bay, Zululand, is c!osely related to
pint but is sinallcr, 1.95-2.63;ni. lotig, and the
organ Z contains a firly large number of irregularly shaped dark granules. odontostyle is 84 (7-1-101)1). long plus als l'he extension 60-671L long.
h'liespicules arc 451. lon.; compared with 53-511.
inX. pini. Bloth sexes in X. -uht n.sp., froit about
the roots of Acacia xantopliloca in Northern Zulu land, have a dorsally ConVeX vetitrilly concave
tail 3 to 4j;anal-body-widths long. 'ie posterior
half of the tail consists of a narrow cylindroid
ion-protoplasmic tip with a rounded terminus.
It is distinguished frot V.iiqeriime, the only oilier
species with a similar sli:iped tail, by its larger
size, L=2-96-3-7nun., and its relatively shorter
tail.
*067 NORTON, D. C.; OARD, M. Plant-parasitic nenmatodes in loess toposequences planted with corn. Journal of Nematology (1981) 13 (3)314-321 [En, 8 ref.] Dep. of Plant Path.. Seed and Weed Sci.,
Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA 50011. USA. In au Iowa inaizefield samples were collected moithly
duriti the growig season aloig north- atd webE-tcing toposequemce. The greatest biomass for Xiphinema mnetcanoin occurred at tilefootslope on the north face. Paratvlenchus omicrodorus had its greatest bionass at the sunit position. -generally more in the west- than in the north-facing slope. Pratylenchus spp. in tile roots peaked at the toe-slope iothe north-facing slope, but at the foot-slope in the west-facing slope. Heicotylenchus p.seudorohustus peaked it the backslope and the toeslope along the north- and west facing slopes, respectively. Diversity, as computed for each plot by the Shatno-Weiner diversltv index, was highest at
the backslope in both toposequences. Distribution is related to
draimage mid pl.
*0068 KIMt'INSKI, J.; ,VWt.tIs, C. B. Iifluence of soil
tcnperat lire and pIt on 'eatryenehu. penetrans and P.
cfaitams in alfalfa and timnlh3. i ot lna) of Nemnatolog (1981) 13 (3) 333-33 [En. 22 ref] Res Sta.. Agric. Canada, 1O iox 1210, Chs riotictown, krice Ei,vard Islaod, Camda
CIA 7MF.
In Caada. nuimbcrs of '. penc;rans in lucerne and
I/hicuR pintti.t St (timothy). and to a Iasser estnt 1). ±ic';atos in tiniotll. itcreased substantially as temperature increased fr-ro about 10 C to 30 C Howe'ser, I. ercnarwu in lucerne
diecteased in ninber as teinperature increaked of R
ceri-nalw Inm rical soil ('oitMis dcr.ssrd asMobility temperature
icir:!ed flout9.5'C to 28.5 C. Raisine the soil pH in which
lucernr was growin front 5.0 to 6.0increased the numbers of
J'lenewanri and greatly reduced file
numbers of P. crenatus.
The numbers of both teintode species in timoth% were
reduced sitrnificanty as soil pitincreased. Tnie optimum soil
pH for ricen of I'. penctrans was 6.0. 1'. cJcnatus MoVed equally %ell over a range of pHt 5.0 to 7.0
wgvgorka niszczvka (Diryenchus dipsacj) na koniczynie czerwonej w Polsce. lodrorla Rohn. Akhmatizacja I Nasiennictwo (1977) 21 (6) 595-606 [P1. en. ru, 9 ref.] From 7.79.172. ,iIop.nohc'(y,. Refratvnny! Zhurnal (1979), F Examination of 500 isred \ closer platations in Poland shwed that D. dqipsaci dhspread 1hrouphout tilt sho country but is particularly tlequcrir in the ,orth.
v.aO69SA4O, 0. S., O'BANNON, J.11. Pattiogeniit O6SO rootnot nematode Peatoeni city of the., the CO'BAON Columbia root-knot (Meloidogyne chitwoodi) on wheat, corn, oat and barley. Journal of Nematology (1981) 13 (4) 548-550 (En, 2 ref.l Washington State Univ., Washington, USA. In pot trials using inocula of 500 or 5000 M. chitwoodi ova, the total dry weight of infected W-nser wheat, Boyer barley and PX 46 maize was lower than that of uninfected controls after 60 days. Park oat was affected only at the higher inoculum level. Prodax and Nugaines wheat and Jubilee maize did not show significant growth reduction although M. chitwoodi showed the highest reproduction index on Pradax wheat. Maize is probably a better rotation crop than wheat, barley or oats for the susceptible potato crop on the Pacific Northwest of the USA.
0074
Z. [ktzrvj'tCrNF.
Z. ]
[The
lah 3 density of i7e popf 1 effect of crop rot(aion (in Oil]nchaq dipsaei (Xiihn, 1857) ilipje%. 1936 nn clover.] Acta Parastalon'icaLituantca (1981) 19, 80-85 [Ru, en, If, 3 Lithuanian reF.] Inst. of Zool. & Parasit., Acad. of Sci. of tire SSR, Vilnius, USSR. Seasonal variations in the population density of D. dipsaci on clover were studied in the Lithuanian SSR. The numbers of D. dipsaci were determined by the length of time (hiring which clover had been grown in monoculture. Short duration intervention crops did not prevent the accumulation of the nematode. The variation in total nematode nutbers was determined by the dominant species D dpsaci, the 2nd doimintant species, J'ataiprolamus rigridus had no effect on total population numbers. Severe discase was nbserned on some of the esperinnnal plots
Effect of age of alfalfa root •0070 OLTiiOF. T. H. A. tin penetration hy J'rah'tnchus petrsrans. Journal -of Neinatohogi (1992) 14 (1) 100.105 [En. 25 ref.] Res. lBranch, Agric Canada, Res. Sta., Vineland Sia., Ontarm, LOR 2FO, Canada. Penetration of P. pcnctrans into young lucerne root tissue (2 day) was about itwice that in medium (10 day) or old (20 day) root segments. Age related differences were only sienificant in 3-week-old plants, not in 2- and one-week-old 'o'edlinvs and were unaffected by culhivar used, substratum, illocltnt density, length of incubation p'riod or temperar tire. Pnceration into the different aced root segments avcraved 61% for females. 50% for 3rd-stare ju eniles and 27% for toales.
0075 DAREKAR, K. S.: KADAN. M. \.; Air.: 1) S.: h)OjtGE, S. K. Occurrence of maize cstvs rntutnialc. zear in Ntaharaslhtra Stare. Lourrn;j.' o.! Ileterodera Alahara.shtra A-ricothura] Universities (1991) 6 (2)t5o JET.. ref.] Mahatna Phule Agric. Univ., Rahuri - 413722. India. Large numbers of H. zeae %kerefound ans.kited wilth Zea mays for the first time in Maharashtra State, India
0076MARUMINE,
S.; SAKANOTO, S. [Selection to the root-knot nematode sweet potato.] tyushu Agricultural Research, Japan (1979) no 41, 47. for
resistance
(Meloidogye
A description 00 7 1 BROWN, D. J. F.; LUC, NI.; P'URttDI of some juveniles stages of Xiphinems rulgare (Nematode:
Dorylaimoideal. Nematologia MediterTanea (1981) 9 (2) 205.
210 [En, 9 ref.] Scottish Crop Res. Inst., Invergowrie,
Dundee, Scotland, UK. X. vulgare L2, L3 and L4 and females are described and
figured from Zca mays, from W. Java, Indonesia. Body and
spear length show a constant relationship and can be used for
reliable identification. The homoveneity of X. vulgare
populations is confirmed and synonymy with X. setariac is
rejected.
incognita) in
0 077 GRIFFIN, G.D. The biology and control of parasitic nematodes on alfalfa. Utah Science (1981) 42 (4) 130-135 (En, 18 ref.]
The pathogenicity, distribution and con trol of Dityleachur dipsaci, Meloidogyne spp. and Pratylenchus app. on lucerne in Utah, USA are-discussed. Other nematodes associated with lucerne are listed. OO78KURT, L.A., SHESTEPEROV, A.A. [The nematodes of lucerne and clover.] Selskoe Khozalstvo za Rubezhom (19S1) 5, 24-29 [Ru] The occurrence of nematodes on lucerne and clover is reviewed and the following species recorded: Ditylenchus dipsaci, teterodera trifolii,. H. galeopsis, Melotdogyne hapla, - P ratylenchus ' np sp., Tylenehohynchua sp., lelicotylenchus and Merlinius sp.
0072 RtDZYAVICtENE, Z. [Rt:DZt'VICIENE. Z. ] LUG-ttSKAS, A. [Nematodes and miecromtcries in crop ro.ations of perennial grasses.] Act;n 'ar.2aitlo''eaL:r:.rtica (1981) 19, 74-70 [Ru, en. I, 7 ref] Inst of Zo(I & Parasit., Acad. of Sci. of the Lithuai:n SSR. Viltru,. U'SR. 'arasitic nematodes formed the most saried group of nematodes under perennial gtases grown on ,rd-pleyed sandy loam in the Lithuanian SSR. Ditetiichus dipsaci W,'as dominaat. llhcot*)enchis mnuljic!s, Tj)]ncho!ht nchus aid .Aphe'kr'zhoides a ena dubius, Apiclenchus composticola "cre nunifterous. lrh';,:iot', are obsersed herween fungi and uctralodes 'hit p:..etce of some irmaiodes in the rhiospht-re of cio'er and lucerne encouraged the growth of funei. Both ncntaode population and fungi were affecled by ite ptcceedic crop. by other com~ponents of the soil and b. the %eneetative phase of the host. 0073 ZAKR'FssSK1. J. fi~stria;,,n, tinfit. tetrretrt. tiology and pathi'enicity of l)ir.ihnchus dijp:ici tin retd cloer in Poland. Part Ill. Occurrence of I). dtpsaci lni red clan c: ;n Poland,] Dadatnia nad wyt.prs;tnirn, biftotia i szk.;oriivs'o~ei wgorka nis7czyka (Dtt 'lnchnr dtips.act K iitin) na koniczyniC czerwonej a' Polsce. Cz111. VtySnepowanie
RUDZYAVICiHENE,
99
0079 MOUSSA, F.F.; EISSA, M.F.M. Effect of post-emergence application of certain
systemic nematicides on plant-parasitic nematodes and maize yield in Nile-Delta, Egypt. Research Bulletin, Faculty of Agri culture, Zagazig University, Eb-ypt (1981) No. 409, 9 pp. [En, ar, 15 ref.] Pests & Plant Protection Lab., Nat. Res. Centre,
Dokki, Cairo, Egypt. Aldicarb, carbofuran or phenamiphos (1.5 kg a.i./feddan) and oxamyl (1.44 kg a.i./feddan) were applied to a field in the Nile-Delta, Egypt, moderately infested with Criconemoides spp., Hoplolaimus aegypti, Pratylenchus zeae and Tylenchorhynchus
clarus. Carbofuran or aldicarb gave best nematode control; carbofuran in addition gave greatest increase in mai.!e yield (19% increase over controls). 1I feddan = 0.42 ha].
Vydate, HAS 263041, Ihunetl, against I', peie!rans oan potato: Telone, D-D, Sojibroni, Vapant, Nernacur, Vydate, Mocap, Ternik, Furaida and Agrainie against Aieloidog)'ne hapla and M. chiti;ood on potato; Dasanit, Furadan, Counter, Temik, BAS 263021, Mocnp, Terr-O-Cide and Nernacur against Iofykchhuos rcn/iiioIs on Ipomoroa oaistfas; *Nasanit, Vorl-ax andl)owfunie inc-2 against AL incogita on tomato; Counter, Dyfonate, Vydate, "leinik, Furadan and Mocap against lratylenchus oil naizc; :uradan ard Counter ai telotnolaimus Io aize; N iccrCur agint Iotngicau~dattt! on ize Soilrom, 11 9358, Furadan, Vydate, D-D, Telone, Teik S o a 9 rdins Vlatn , 1)-I), on ttoik ant tocai, against fIoproriis coluibaq on cotton; Neinacur, Furadan, Vydate, Mocap, Srilhroi, Terr-O-Cide,
t080DISANZO C.P. Effect of folfar application of carbofuran and a related compound on plant-parasitic nematodes under micro-
plot and field conditions. Journal of Nematology (1982) 14 (2) 208-212 [En, 15 ref.] FMC Corp., 100 Niagara St., riddleport, NY 14105, USA.
*
1AS 263, Tetnik and Counter against Al. !haplj and Macroposthon: on Arachis h'ypogaea, D-D, Soilbrorn, Telone, RII 9358, Vydale, Neinacur, Mocap, Furadan, leirik, FMC 35001, Dyfonate, IIAS 263021 and Counter against I. coluntbus on soybean; Teirnik, Vydatc, Counter, Fuadan, Nenacur and Dyforate against Iletcrodera giycines oil soybean; L-676863, 1-676897, L-642126, Nemacur, Mocap, RII 9358, BASF 263, Vydate and Nenacur + Dasanit against L. incognrita on tobacco; Nemacur, Nemacur + Dasanit, Vydate, Mocap and Furadan against A'. arenaria On tolm,,o; Nornadi, El)II aid Funazone against IL avene on wt-..; Standak, AC 64175, Teinik, Neracnr, Mocap, Vydtate, [:MC 35001, 1)11C1, EDI3 and D-D against fc/icotyleiichus nilticinciit on banana.
Foliar applications of carbofuran or Its analogue FMC 3500 (2,400 micrograms/ml) to reduced significantly or potato maize populations of Pratvlenchur penetrans in claytont, Tylenchorhvnchus roots and .iofhinema americanum and Iloplolaimus sp. in soit. Generally there was ne difference between 2 or 3 applicat!ons. 008 1 BIRD, A.F., MILL.N, J.P. The growth of Meloidogyne javanica in some Australian native plants. Search (1979) 10 (1/2) 48-50 [En, 7 ref.! CSIRO, Difv., of Itort. Res., Box 350 GPO, Adelaide, S. 5001., Australia.
Sixteen Australian plants were tested for
susceptibility to M. lavanica. The following were good hosts: Albizzia distachya, Acacia melanoxylon, Aoyne hakeifolla, Hibiscus trionum, Sida rhombifolia, Lycium avstrale and Solanum laciniatuo. The growth rate of . avanica on tomato, S. laciniatum and If.trionum were compared and shown to be s ImF]"a. The heat factor required for development from 1st-stage juveniles to egg-laying females on S. lacinatu.m was 13 018 centigrade-hours for _W-sgarica and 13 560 for M. incognita,
0084 K.; IETROVIC, D.; [luminC, K.;I3ELO, J.
tines.igtion of the resistance of some imported varieties of
alfalfa :, the domeistic populations of sten nematode and of
tobacco to root-knot nematode.] Ispitivanje otpornosti nekilh
rtrliikovanii sorata lucerke preria domain populacijania
stabljitine nematode i duhana preira netatodaina korijenovih
vuka. Zantita Btlja (1978) 29 (4) 381-385 [Cr, en, 4 ref.
Zavod ,a ratarstvo, Sarajevo, Yugoslavia.
Dit ylenrchus dipsaci preneints a serious problem to alfalfa
growing arid Aelidogyne spp. to tobacco planitaions in
Bosinia and lercegovina in Yugoslavia. 5 imported varieties
of alfalfa were tested in inoculaion arid Field experiments and unlike the locally grow varieties, the Swedish variety U-C640 and the American variety Apalachee showed high degrees of resistance to local populations of D. dispaci. The American tobacco variety NC-95 proved highly resistant to local popllarions of Mt. iocognita (but not to M. arerrana arid ?Vf. jaitanica which also occur in mixed Me'oidogyne populations ii Hercegovina). The resistance was snicressfully transferred
to the F, generation, obrairied by crossing NC-95 with the
susceptible domestic varieties Seginovac arid Visoki
liercegovac (VII-32).
-r008 UISANZO, C. 1'. V It-ct of foliar application of .arbofuran and a relaied compound on plant-parasitic nematodes under greenhouse and growth chamber conditions. Jourtjea of Nenatology (1981) 13 (I) 20-24 [En, 8 ref.] FMC Corpn Agrie. Chemical Group, 100 Niagara St., Middleporn, NY 14105, USA. Folrar application of carbofuran at 2400 or 4800 ppm and FMC 35001 at 2400 ppm reduced root g:dlng on tomatces by Afclondogyne incqrnits. Reduction was greatest at tire higiher rate and when inoculation of Af. incognita was delayed up to 11 days after foliar application On tobacco, recated foliar applications of carbofuran at 24(0 ppm incieied peciixrutir control. Carbofuran at 12WX)ppm controlied I'rztirncii.s fenetrans on .t-a though rewated appl:7:aions incr-ased the effectisenes of control Tvir:. horhtrzhus clavioni oi tnaie and tobacco was cont.lied by foliar applications of FMC 35001 at 2400 ppm and carbofuran and oxarnyl at 1200 and 2400 ppm Percent -" control of 1'. pcnerris on pea b% carxfuran at 1200 ppm was grcaier than T. clayti;n on either maize or tobacco
0085 JAITEL. It A Influence of root biomass on nrumber of Prshinirnchus penrtrans within host roots. PhYtr:pathohrgy (1980) 71) (12) 1214-1216 (En. 10 ref.] Dep. of Plant Path.. Cornell Univ.. Ithaca, NY 14353, USA. One, 2. 6 or 12 lucene seeds were planted in 120 cm5 oamv sand 2 davs later. 750 Prtylenchus penetins %ere added to the centre, one cm from each seedling. After 4 days. sedlin .s '.er': re:nod ard nematodes xere extracted from the rootis. Other secds were planted ii pots already infested xiih P pct:crr!an aid root extracts were tade after 6 days. Netnat*&ds recovered per beaker %ere linearly relate to root "aet2ht per beaker ntid conversely nematodes recovered per zrati ,ci roots were inversely correlated with root weight (r = 492. siopc= -0.71 sirificant at 0.1%, forthe intxculation
e.vpenntent. Releance of these results in hieid situations is
discrised.
0083 Ntsmitt, V'. C. (tI' i ,,0 Ilesnlts of 1980. R~a!eigh, NC, USA; American lrhiytopalioloz:Cal Society. Fungicide atnd Ienaticide Tests (1931) 36, 229 pp. [Er] Plant Path. Dep., S-305 Ag.Sci. ildg. -North' Univ. of Kentucky, Lexigton, KY 40546, USA. (1699] DUNN, R. (S-crtoN EDtroQe) Nematicides. 179191 [En] Neiratol. Lab., Univ. Florida, Gainrsille, FL 32611, USA. Evaluations were: Temik against Prailenchui pnetrans on Phascohs iulgaris; RI 9358, Counter arid Tenik against tfeterodera schachii on sugar beet; Terr-O-Gas anid Mocap against nematodes on cucurrber arid pepper; Tensik, IMocap,
0086
100
R ios. R.
.
Civer
rrs
id
soyean
eyst
nematode. .k:iutn; Farr Research (1980) 29 (6) 16 [En] Avric. Exp. Sta.. Univ. of Arkansas, Fayetteville. AR. 727111, USA. File smitability of cover crois Forc wultvation in Arkansas, USA betseen soybeans as pisSlbil! hosts for tieterodera glycmcs (race 3 or 4) is revie:ned. Various collections of Vicia villosa, V. Sativa, V. dastcartpa, vations cereals and
Internat, 6-8 nov. 1978. Strasbourg, Soc. Ia Bulletin de France]. de Botanique Botanique de France ActuAlit6s Soci4td Botaniques (1980) 127 (1) 179-182.
leguminous hosts were rated as either immune or resistant. V. hirsuta. V. Iutae, V caroiiian. V. disPerim. V. oticranrha and white lupini were rated as good hosts. 0087 [Report for 1978/1979. Changins Federal Agronomic Research Station.] Rapport dVacttviti 1978-1979, Station f~dtrale de recherches agronoomiques de Changis. Landwirtschafdliches Jahrbudh dcr Schweiz (Annuaire An'cole de la Sui ..e 81' safnce) (1q0) 94 (3/4) 333-432 [Fr, De. It, Plant nematology pp. 353-354. 360. 362, 373-374, 376, 381-382, 389, 411-412] Work reported otn inclde's res ,tance to Ileterudera aenae in maize and control with crop rotation, problems asiociated %kithPradylentchu spp. ot cereals, identificatiort of pathotypes of Globodera rostochiern.is and G. pallida and their control, control of Dirvleichu'; dips.ci on beet using various methods of ticinaticide applicatton, nematode a, vctors of plan( viruses iii vine, nitiatode control in fruit tree turseries and pathology of .. phelenchoitle lagana- and A. nezerrtmhoil on straywberry, D. dipaci ot bulb.,, Afeloidoeuic aren.jrj on tuimio and H cirotie ott cat rot.
0093 KoRNoBIs, S. Tylenchorb)nichus wiLskdl sp.n. Nematod, Tyleochorhynchldae) from Poland. Bulletin de l'Acadmie Polanais des Sciences, Sciences Biologiques (1980) 28 (3) 173-175 [En, ru, 4 ref.] Lab. of Nematol., Inst. of PI. Protection. Miczurina 20, 60-318 Poznai. Poland. Tylenchorhynchus wilskii n.sp. was associated with maize in Wielkopolska, Poland. T. wilskii resembled T. bryobius, T. maximus, T. parvus and T. husingi, but differed by having regular and acrolated lateral fields with crenate incisures, an off-set head and numerous males. Other diagnostic measurements cited were for 9 9 ,L = 0.92 jim, stylet length 26 Am, b = 7.0 and c = 9.3 and for d d, L = 0.90 jim, stylet length 25 .am and spicule length 30 jAm. 0094 J.fv)'ft
G ,ith
tpit_. V.
s i. t
.
fC7n,inud :tt.r]
l.r'l1:;ts .", .n
of Pli';a in.. ..!.
*3088 C.P;'AI,, P. A iimplt mtthod of crrarting stem nematodes, DiOilenchus dips ri (Kuhn) Filipjei, frim lucerne. Grass and Forage Science (1980) 35, 165.166 [En. I ref.] Plant Breeding Inst., Cambridge, UK. A simple technique for extracting Ditvlenchuw dipsaci from air-dried samples of lucerne is described. The technique was found to be suitable for use in a breeding programme to improve resistance to stern nematodes in lucerne
(l17"- 25 (9) 711,.72( 1.. ci,. ru] In 1972 a small plot field tria] was staned, in which Palava lucerne tas- itfected with I'nicilhutr alt,-atrum, Co, -. a.i:ten.inidtcNum P.nd Datlrnchus dip.aci alone or IV c-..mbination B% the end of the first production year thr hlFIest percrinLtes of pi.nts shcoing necrosi, 'serr with D:t ;rwhu. + Cc,r-ncbactcrium -" Vrwiilbum (7s.".-) arn Dit.virnchus 4 Co.-nebhrti-.um (72.3'7)
0 0 8 9 PLTSA, N. M. [Susceptibility of lucerne and white and pink clover to infestation with Ditylenchuq dipsaci Kuhn, 1857.] Matenaly Konferentsii (2) molodykh uchenykhgel'mintologov, Moscow, 25.11.77. [Abstract]. Byulleten' Vse:oytuzno-, In.titura Gel'rritoloeii im K.I. Sktrahina (1979) No. 24. 88-89
0095 EDWARD. J. C.; SINGH, K. P. Interaction betu.er Hteroders ca.iani and Fusarium udum on pigeon pea. .411a.ubad Farmer (1979) 50 (1) 23-24 [En, 3 ref.; 3pp. of pl (unpaged)] Biol. Dep., Allababad Agric Inst., Allahabac. India Pigeon pea. variety type 21, was inoculatt-d with Heterodera caani (50 cysts/pot), or H. cajani (50 cys,,/pot) and Fusa nrr udoum. Heterodcra alone caused less damage than whe-. asickated with F udum. Transverse sections of roots ino::vated with the nematode and fungus sho-wed that cnl% old rcytal or non svo-pal rtnon ucir irsadrd bx tilt • ..
0090 POIDOILSKIJ. A D. [Tne practical recomndations for control of nrmatodes and pests of maize in GDR.] Praktiteskiir rekomendaciii po bor'be a nematidami vredticltarn 7ernnvch kuhur v GDR Selskoe Kho.%atiiza RuKzihom (1074i No.2. 30-32 [Lu ¢ +. Th d! InlBullw oI liet'r,Nirr.,itrnj: '.h ,-sr Dr' /rs.-'i. ri,:,,~... .fJ.s, ro- r naa. Ar:i':;. nntri., 1. t.;;atrc ,or rce,ut, lt o.trna,.c .aurd b. thr"m
0096 SHEWTEPEROV, A. A. [Parr)lenchus infection t;f red cloer.] Zash-hi:- Rastenir. ..Woso. USSR (1976) No.9. or red di,;ru:,d ord. P.ry'ei:f.u, pro'e:us is clover in the Mocow region. USSR, giving stunted growth, a 43% reduction of green and dry weight, a 38% loss of plants during the winter and lowered resistance to other infections. The nematode populations were higher on loamy than on sandy soils and increased under cereal grasses. Nematode numbers in loamy soils could be reduced to half or a third by manurng, pouching and leaving fallow. Carbuthio. trat:znt t . uc nert.:nde nughri for 2 earbe:fo':n
o091-KAKTINYA, D., 1961. [Stem and other eclworms of papilionaccous plants in the Latvian S.S.R.] In: Skryabin, K. I. & Turligina, E. S. [Editors], "Voprosi fitogelmintologii." Aloscio: Akaderniya Nauk SSSR, pp. 69-73. (In Russian.] The occurrence and control of Dit>lenchis dipsaci on clover in the Latvian S.S.R. is discussed, To the list published by the author in 1959 [The celworm fauna of clover in the Latvian S.S.R. Research Notes on Plant Protection in the NorthWestern Zone. Riga], the following are now added, making in all a total of 19 species: Rhabditi monhyatera, Cephalobits nanus, Fucephalobus spp., Tylenhus fihiformis and Pratylenchus prateni. Of the species occurring on Vicia spp. and Medicao ,pp., only Afeloidogyne sp. is of pathogenic importance. Examination of seed samples showed that 40% of Melilottis albus had Panagrolaimusrigido. This and another 5 species of celworms were 32 celworms are known fo, found on peas. Papilionaceac in the Latvian S.S.R. 0092 CAUBEL G. (Observations on resistance of vegetables to stem nematode Ditylenhus 4ps 1ci Observations sur In r~s istance des v gtaux vis-a-vis du ndmatode des tiges: Ditylenchus dipsaci (Kuhn) Ffl. [Colloque
treatment.
101
Results of 19.10 NEWstt IH, W. C. (EDITOR) 0007 Raleigh. NC. USA. American Phytopathological Societv. Fungicide and Nemattcide Tets (1981) 36. 229 pp. (EnI Plant Path. Dep.. S-305 Ag.Sct. Bldg. North' Untv of Kentucky, Lexington. KY 40546. USA. Nematicides. 179 DuNN. R. (SEcTION EDITOR) 191 (EnI Nematol. Lab.. Untv. Florida. GamesIle. FL 32611. USA. Evaluations 9ere: Tomik against Pratylenchus pe.etrans on Phaaoeolus vulrans; RH 9358. Counter and Temik against Heteroderm schachti on sugar beet: Terr-O-Gas and Mocap ayitast nematodes on cucumnoer and pepper. Temik. Mocap. Vydate. BAS 263041. Thimet. against P. penetrans on potato: Telone. D-D. Soilbrom. Vapam. Nemacur, Vydate. Moap, Temik. Furadan and Agramine against Meloidogyne bapla and Af. chitwoodi on potato; Dasanit, Furadan. Counter. remik. BAS 263021. Mocap, Terr.O-Cide and Nemacur
against Rotvlenchulus renitorms on lprmoeja oataras: Da-sanit. Voriex and Dou fume me-2 against M. incognita on tomato: Counter, Dyfonate. Vydate. Temik. Furadan and Mocap against Pratylenchus on maize; Furadan and Counter igainst Belonolaimus Jongicaudatus on maize; Nemacur. Sollbrom, RH 9358, Furadan, Vydate. D-D. Telone, Temik and Mocap against Hoplolaimus columbus on cotton: Nemacur, Furadan, Vydate. Mocap, Soilbrom, Terr-O-Cide. BAS 263, Temik and Counter against M. hapl and2 BnAcroposThonia on Arachis hypogaea, D-D, Soilbrom, adan,
relone, RH 9358, Vydate, Nmacur. Mocap, Furata Temik, FMC 35001, Dyfonate. BAS 263021 and Counter against H. columbus on soybean; Temik. Vydate. Counter, Furadan. Nemacu, and Dyfoonte against Heterodera ?,ycines L-642126, Nemacur. on soybean; L-676863, L-676897, Mocap RH 9358, BASF 263, VyLate and Nemacur + Map,against Aincognita SF on dobac;ead Nemaur +B.G.203, Dasanit against M. incognta on tobacco; Nemacur, Nemacur -r Dasanit, Vydate, Mocap and Furadan against M. arenaria an tobacco; Nemadi, EDB and Fumazone against H. as'enae )n wheat: Standak, AC 64475, Temik, Nemacur, Mocap. Vdate, FMC 35001. DHCP. EDB and D-D aams: He!ic,stlenchut multicmcrui on banana Studies on the control 0098 RAM, K.; GttrA, 0. C. of ,'sleloidogynejavanica infected chickpea (Cicrr arietinum). Haryana Agricultural Universits Journal of Research (1981) 11 (I) 77-81 [En, 8 ref.] Dep. of Nematol., Haryana Agric. Univ., fhissar, India. In pot trials with seedlings of Cicer arietinun infected with Meloidogyne jasanica at 1000 larvae/kg soil, the soil was mixed with neem or datura leaves (200 or 400 quintals/ ha), aldicarb or carbofuran 1.5 or 3.0 kg a.i./ha or phorate (3.0 or 6.0 kg a.i./ha). Aldicarb and neem (400 q/ha) were
the most effective in increasing growth and reducing galling.
Helicoiylenchus and llirschmanniella were present in low numbers. In a pot experiment, Tylenchorhynchus, inoculated at 50, 100 and 200/pot, adversely affected the root: shoot ratio (on dry weight basis). This effect was more pronounced in the presence of a fungus associated with the field wilt symptom. This fungus delayed emergence of gram seedlings. GAUR .S.;MISIA,S.D.;S , U.C. Effect of date otsowing on the relation between the population density of the root-knot nematode, Aleloidogvne incognita and the growth of three varieties of chickpea, Cicer arietinum. Indian Journl of Netnatologj.(1979, publ. 1980) 9 (2) 152-159 [En, New Div. of Nemalology, Indian Agric. Res. Inst., 9 ref.] Delhi- 110012, India. Seedlings of 3 chickpea (Citer arietinum) varieties, 11-208 and L-550, were inoculated with 100, 1000 or 10 000 Nleloidogyine incognita juveniles/1000 ml of soil one week after sowing in September, October, November or December. The maximum reduction in shoot growth was observed following inoculation at the optimum sowing time i.e. October, followed by that observed in September. Sowing in November or December resulted in little nematode damage. Below an initial inoculum density of 1000 nematodes plant growth was best in October but at higher inoc:ulum densities it was best in the November sowing. The variety L足 550 gres better than the other 2 varieties. 0 103 Mr.NEIsS, .1. P. Genetics of disease resistance in edibc legumes. Annual Review of Phytopathology (1981) 19, 189-209 [En, 124 ref.l leltsville Agrie Res. Center. Agric. Res., Sci.& Education Admin., USDA, Behsville, MD
20705, USA.
275 U S The genetics isease resistance in 11 species of edible legumes, includingdof resistance to AMeloidod~ye in~cognito in Phlascolus lunatus and to At. incognita, Xf hapla and A. iivanil,i in Vigna ungnichlta are reviewed.
Control of root0099 KAUSIIK, H. D.; IBAJAJ, fl. K. knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica infesting mung bean and gram by seed treatment. Haryana Agricultural University Journal of Research (1981) 11 (1)10-108 [En, 4 ref.] Dep. of Nenatol., Haryana Agric. Univ., Hissar, India. Aldicarb sulphone 75 WI1, carbofuran 50 SP, bendiocarb 80 WP and phemamiphos 40 EC were disolsed in acetone to produce concentrations of 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0%, and seeds of mung bean and gram were immersed in the solutions for 60 sec and then air dried. Carbofuran and bendiocarb at 2 and 4% and phenamiphos at 4% reduced the number of galls of Meloidogyne jasanica on mung 35 days after sow-,. Carbofuran and phenamiphos at 1,2 and 4% reduced the number of galls on gram 42 days after sowing. None of the treatments inhibited germination. Gram seeds treated with acetone alone also showed some reduction in galling,
0104 KOTtt, K. [Efficacy of in-furrow applications of Inscticides/e .[aticidcs to sugar-beet and maize.] Anstienone a ticies to sugreet and mize.]
Auswirkunigen von Saatreihenbendahdngen mit lnsektiziden/ Nenatiziden 34 bei iiben trind Mais. Gesond Plflanzen (1978) -0 (2) 35-41 [De, en, 13 ref.] Inst. -ur Phytopathol., Giesseo, GFR. In-furrow applications of aldicarb (Ternik lOG) or carbofuran (granular and liquid formulations of Curaterr) were effective in controlling ]'rat'vlenchns spp. and lleierodera avenac on maize and the 2 granular formulations were effective against Ditrslcnchus dipsaci on sugar-beet. The advantages of in-furrow application of Pesticides over broadcast application are discussed
01 00 KALIRAM; GUtITA, D. C. A note on tie efficacy of fresh neem leaf extract in the control of ,'leloidogyne javanica infecting chickpea (Cicer arietinum). Indian Journal of Nematologv (1980) 10 (1) 96-98 [En, 3 ref.] Dep. of Nematology, IHaryana Agric. Univ., Hissar, India. Aqueosis extracts from 10, 20, 30 or 40 g neem leaves/ kg of treated soil, were applied to young chickpea plants grown in Meloidogynejavanica infested soil (950 larvae/kg of soil). Plait growth (shoot and ioot lengths, fresh shoot and root weights) were greatest and root galling least with the highest application rate, with effects decreasing vith a reduction of application rate.
01 05 EcUNioti. 0. A.; BOi.AJI. E. 1. Dry season survival of Pratylenchus spp. in maize fields in Western Nigeria. Vematologia Alediterranca (1979) 7 (2)129-135 [En, il Nematol. Lab.. Phytopathology Unit, Dep. of Agric. Biol., Univ. of Ibadan. lbadan, Nigeria. Maize roots remaining ii the soil after harvest provided a dry seasoi habitat for Pratvlenchus spp. (51 adults and 14 juveiile-, from 100 g root samples, 4 months after maize harvest). Large numbers of Pratyleochus were found in weed spcies, particularly A.vonopns cornpre.ssus, Amaranthus vindis and Comnielina nudilora in December, February and March. All nioitie s:iges of (lie nenatode were recovered.
0 1 0 1 SotiuN, N.; NELtA, K. G.; DAVE, G. S. The * possible interrelationship between plant-parasitic nematode (Tylenchorh.,nchus) and a root-rot fungus from gram (icer arietinum L.).In PhYsiolog)y of parasitism. [Eduted b: Agarwal, G. P.; Bilgrami, K. S.] (Current trends in life sciences, iol.7.). New Delhi, India; Today & Tomorrow's Printers & Publishers. (1979) 451-456 [En, I1 ref.] Dep. of PI.Path., J.N. Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur, India. Nematodes were extracted from soil samples from wilted
gram plants, Cicer arietinum, from Madhya Pradesh, India.
Tylenchorhynchus sp. and Tylenchus spp. were abundant and 102
0 10 6 Mit.i.ER, P. M.; RIcti, S. Injury to soeet corn by a Loigidorus sp. in Connecticut. HortScience (1980) 15 (1) 29-30 [En, 3 rcf.] Dep. of Plant Pathology and Botany, The Conneclicut Acricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CI (i(,5(-4, LISA. A spccies of Loneidors, lomger than L. brctiannulatus. is reported from a field of Zca inavs cs. Earl) Fortune near Glastonbury, Connecticut, USA. In glasshouse and field ials, cultivars of Zea tays were tested against this species and Pratvlenchus penetrans. Stunting by Loneidorus sp. was positively correlated with heights of uninfected cuhtivars, that
caused by 1' penetrans was not related to height. When
plants were urown in soil infested with both nematodes,
stunting was not additive. Diazinon and carhofuran in the
glasshouse and diazinon in the field protected Zea enavs from
Lrngidorus sp.
host range of I'ratylenchus x 0 1 0 7 ZIRAKPARVAR, M. E. hexincisus and its pathogenicity on corn, soybean, and tomato. Phytopathology (1980) 70 (8) 749-753 [En, 15 ref.) Dep. of Plant Path.. Seed and Weed Sci., Iowa State Univ., Alties 50011, USA. P. he.vincisus was recovered from the roots of all 44
plant species or cultivars tested except smooth brome atid
orchardgrass, Final populations of P. hexincisus/pot in
tomato attd garden pea (Pisur sativum) were larger than in
maize. Iiglasshouse experiments, an initial iroculum of 5000
P. he.incisus/plant significantly decreased root atid top
weights of maize, soybean and tomato after 3 rtonths. An
initial inoculum of 20 000 nenatodes/plant significantly
decreased height and top and root weights of maize in all 3
monthly sanplings.
0 1 08 SULLIVAN, I A.; CIIRISTIE, 1. R,. The inheritance
nematode
root-knot the northern of resistance te (lteloidogyne hapla Chitwud) in alfalfa (,\ledicaio sativa
L.).Forage Notes (1979) 24 (1)20-23 [Fn] Dep Crop Sii.,
llrceding
Fron Pli Guelph Univ., Ontano, Canada Abstracts 50. S014.
forn
selected clones Five resistant and 4 susceptible Vernal were solfed and crossed witlh at least one other clone.
In all, 3800 Si and F, seedlings were screened. Ott the basis
of the segregation ratios obtained. it is postulated that
resistance is controlled by 2 independent loci segregating
tetrasonucally, resistance being dominant over susceptbilit).
To be resist:at, thier iust be at lcast 2 domnatit alleles at
both loci.
* 0 1 09 SANTO, G. S.; EVANS, D. W.; BIOWER, D. B.
Reactions of three Alfalfa cultivars to several species of
plant-parasitic nematodes. Plant Di .ases (1980) 64 (4) 404-
405 lEn. 15 ref] Imgated Agnc. Res. & Extension Center,
Prosser, WA 99350, USA
Dut"lenchts dipsaci reduced growth of all lucerne
cultivars tested, except Washoc Pratlcictchus penetrans
reduced growth of Washoe and Vernal but not of Thor.
Meloidogyne hapla reduced ti e top growth of Thor but not
growth of roots and crown The opposite was true with
Washoc Pd. hapla did not affect Vernal. P. neglectus,
Paratulenchus hamnatus, and Afacroposthonia .renoplax did
not affect final plant growth of the cuhtlvars tested.
: 01 1i0 Di Viro, M.; V(LAS, N.; INStERA, 1 N. Inflen o f Iloi e iN on; , N onV r. t , tifE Rn iN Influence ofDlehido-1ne inognito on growth (2f corn In pots. lant Diea c (19801 64 (11) 1025-1026 [En. 6 tel.) Istitutio Nctnatolgira Auraria, CNK, 70126 Bari, Ialy. The influence of Alchoido'eitc incgnila race I ott growth
of maize hybrid Dekalb-XL-41 was studied in pots containing
1024 eggs/
a geomennc series of eggs (0 arid 0.5, 1,2, 4.........
g soil) kept at 24 to 26'C fir 75 days. The decline in fresh
lirmit to
At.
weight of tops of tnaize indicated a tolerance icogrita of Il, ecs/ soil
Population fluctuation of 0 1 1 1 SINGt, P.;LAL, S. S. Pratylenchus thornei in maize in relatitn to tetoperatire and
rnoisture. [3rd Nat. Congr. Parast.. laryana Agric. Univ.,
Indian Journal of
Ilissar, 24-26 Apr. 1980. Abstract B.80.]. Parasitology (1980) 3 (Supplement) 37 [En] Dep. of Zool.,
N R E C Coll.. Khtua, India.
Control of
0 11 2 Dot %,NS, N. G. M.; BUNT, 1. A. different seed
nenatodes in maize h plsit.parasilic treatnients with oianyl. [32nd lnt S)mp FytofT: . en
Fytiat. Gent, 1980. Deel II.]. Alcdcdelinieen van de Facuhitcit 103
Loadhfwcctschappcn Rijksuniversiteit Gent (1980,1 45 (3) 733-737 [En, 9 ref.] Lab. of Nematology, Agric. Univ., Wageningen, Netherlands. Maize seed was dipped in oxamyl (0, 20, 60 ard '80 g/l or gAg) dissolved in water for 15 in, in acetone for 15 seconds or dipped in a talcum powder-oxamyl mixture. The seeds, with approximately 0, 0.30, 0.90 arid 2.70 mg oxamyl/ seed, were planted in pots with soil uontaining Praryienchus spp. (2300/1), Tylenchorhynchus spp. (1900/1) and saprozoic nematodes (9900/I). No differences occurred in aerial growth after 1, 3, 5 or 7 weeks. Oxamyl treatment reduced root populations of J'rat'lcnchus spp. and soil populations of Tyenchorhynchus spp. and saprozoic nematodes although the reduction of the latter was slight. The water and acetone treatments at Ghe highest rates were the most effective treatment.
Control of Tylenchorhychus 0 1 3 JAIN. R. K. maniiuudi on Berseem. Indian Journal of Nematology (1980) 10 (I) 98-100 [Eu, 4 ref.] Indian Grassland and Fodder Res. Inst., Jhansi-284003, India. Neinacue. carbofuran and phorate applied at 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 kg a.i./ha and DBCP at 10, 15 arid 20L/ha were applied to berseen Trifolium alexandrinnm to test the effects of control of Tyleuchorhynchus mashoodi on green fodder and seed vieldof berseent. DBCP at 20L/ha followed by DBCP and carbofuran at 2.0 at 151./ha, nerracur at 2.0 kg a.l./ha kg ai.,Ia were the most succestul treatments in increasing Phorate was of nenmatodes. numbers reducing and yields inll'eective 0 1 1 4 INSERRA, R. N.; O'BANNON, J.H.; SANTO, G. S. The effect of Afeloidogyne hapla on growth of alfalfa seedlings. Nematologica (1980) 26 (3) 379-381 [En, 5 ref.] Lab. Nematologia agraria, Bar, Italy. The effect of initial population densities of M. hapla (0, 0.25, 0.50, 1,2. 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, and 512 eggs + 2nd-stage juveniles/mI of soil) on lucerne growth was studied in a pot experiment. Results suggested an extremely small tolerance limit of lucerne for A. hapla, possibly due to attack by a second generation of the nematode.
0 1 1 5 HAALAND, R. L.; HOVELAND, C. S.; GREY, F.; Rhizosphere R. E.; RODRIGUEZ-KAIIANA, problems limiting alfalfa production in the "Deep South.". In Repon of the 26th Alfalfa Improvement Conference, 6-8 June, 1978, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota, USA. St. Paul, Minnesota, USA; US Department of Agriculture. (1979) 30 [En, [ARM-NC-7]] Auburn Univ., Auburn, Alabama, USA. The following nematodes were associated with lucerne in Alabama, USA: Meloidogyne sp., Pratylenchus sp., Criconemoides sp., Xilphinema sp., Tylenchorhynchus sp., Trichodorus sp., Helicotylenchus sp. and Hoplolaimus sp. Tylenchorhynchus sp. and Trichodorus sp. were severe pathogens CLARK,
011 6 NIRMAL SINGt; GILL, J.S.; KRISHNANADA, N. Presalence of root-kint nematode in Nilgdi hills. Indiar Phyrapathology (1979) 32 (3) 499-501 [En, 3 ref.] Div. of Entomol., Central Potato Res. Inst., Simla (H.P.), India. In a survey of root galls from the pota.o-growing localities in the Nilgiri hills, India, iMeloidogyne hapla was the dominant species, followed by Vd. incognita and M. javanica. Gall size depended on the response of the host plant. New hosts were: Erigeron mucronatus, Laggera altan, Verbena venosa, Anotis leschenaultiana arid Pelargonium graseolens for ,f. hapla; Chrysanthemum leucanthemum, . Plkctranthus coleoids and Polygonum punctatum for incognita and Silene gallica and Md.javanica. New host records for India were: Bidens pilosa and Plantago major for . hapla; Sonchus arvensis atid Phytolacca americana for Pd. incognita and Acacia dealbata for M. avanica.
*0
1 17 MALEK, R. B.; NORTON, D. C.; JACOBSEN, B. J.; ACOSTA, N. A new corn disease caused by Longidorus breviannulatui in the Midwest. Plant Disease (1980) 64 (12) 1110-1113 [En, 5 ref.] Dep. of Plant Path., Univ. of Illinois, Urbana 61801, USA. The distribution of Longidorus breviannulatus on maize in Illinois and Iowa, USA is described. Populations were highest and disease symptoms most severe in very sandy soil (>90% sand). L. breviannulatus caused severe stunting, chlorosis and occasional seedling mortality in field populations of 100/100 cm' soil. As L. breviannulatus populations declined after June, plants recovered but stalks remained slender and yields in severely affected areas were reduced by up to 62%. Root symptoms included yellow discolouration, slight swelling of root tips, severe stubby-root and pruning of lateral roots arid a reduction in number of feeder roots. High soil moisture levels enhanced root syrriptiomexressio. The prop root ysten was unaffected.
0
18I
'ilt'tR,
. D; KEHR,
W. R.;
24'C and on Ncv Syn XX at 20, 24 and 28'C. Invasion by Al. hapla was least on Nce Syn XX and Vernal 298 and by D. dipsaci was least on Nee, Syn XX. D. dipsaci suppressed root weights of Ranger at all temperatures and Vernal 298 at 20, 24 and 28*C. M. hapla did not depress root weight but D. dipsaci and M. hapla combined suppressed root weights of Ranger more than D. dip.saci alone. Galling caused by M. hapl on Ranger and Lahontan was riot influenced by pre. inoculation of D. dq.saci, though on these susceptible varieties, galling incieased. with iicre-sine temperature. Galling on Venal 298 was reduced by plant age at inoculation, such that most galling occurred on plants inoculated as seeds at 28'C with Al. hapla and D. dipsaci combined. Germinating Ranger seeds were more attractive to both species than Nev Syn XX seeds. 0 1 22 IOESEWINKEL H. . Phrtoplra ibernlis and .tphelenchoides ritzeniabosi on foliage of .quilegia vulgaris in New Zealand. Aursralasian Plait Pathology (19801 9 (2) I0-11 (En. i reft Mt Albert Res. Centre, Private flag, Auckland, New Zealand. Aphelenchoides ritzetnabosi is recorded for the first time from Aquilegia vulgants in Auckland. New Zealand. It is ri ,sihly [ie first world recording in this fost.
m.\Nt;iiiz, (G. R.;
tI1.1,1 HuMt. 0 J. Developintet of multiple pe.t reu),tance ;n three alf'lfa ponptiitiois. In Rctort ,f :he (1.5,tvMAN,
26th .tltlfa Iittrn er Cotntn:t:-. 6.8 Junie, 1978, South D,ikotn Staite Unn ritv, BrsokJs, South D.iota, USA. St. Pail, Miri-soita, USA; US Deparnrt of Agriculture.
(1979)
17 [En, [AR.M-NC.7]]
Univ. of Nevada,
Re:no,
Nc'a,!., USA. Thr-:e mnthetic lucerne popu~rtio;s (N.S. 77, 78 and 79) %ere sc :elsd or resis .1ncc to Dit vl.rwhus cdql.'sicr and 5
*0123KERR, E. D.; WYSONG, D.S. Sting nematode, Velonolaimus sp., in Nebraska. Plant Disease Reporter (1979) 63 (6) 506-507 [En] Univ. of Nebraska, Scottsbluff, Nebraska
other pets and disca.rc 2 cycles '" picuiotypic sete2:ioi produced populations of N.S. 77 and 78 %ith levels of ret.tiance
69361, USA. Belonolaimus sp. is reported associated with coarse,
to D. dipsaci higner shan that of the cultivar
stubby roots
'Washoe'. Restsijsnce to the other p:-uts arid favourable ag:-omi,: t'icnir,i. ere either maiintaie.d or enhiucet by Sei.2it, A. 4'01 1 9
Isom, W. H.; GREEN, W. L.; STANFORiD,
of maize near the Nebraska-South Dakota
border, USA. The nematode which is very similar to B. nortoni was also associated with Digitaria sanguinalis, Setaria viridis and undisturbed pastures of Andropogon gerardi and Bouteloua gracilis. This is thought to be the most northerly site of Belonolairrus sp. in the USA.
E. H.;
LEtMAN,
W. F.; MARIBLE, V. L.; TEUIER, L. R. 1971, alfalfa germplasm (Reg. No. GPI04). Crop Science (1980) 20 (2) 288-289 [En] Dep. of Agron. & Range Sci., Calif. Univ., Davis. USA. From 'lant Breeding Abstracts, 51, 1260. In tests at Davis, California, USA, tire lucerne germplasrn LIC-PX197I has shown moderate to high resistance to Afehoidogyne hapla. Af iniognit and A. javanica and has yielded well in ials in Californma on sand), soils with large populations of iesnaioudcs. Registration of UC-PX
0120
}IL-RTSAN, 13 J.; TH'R, H D.;
ILINT, 0.
i 1 24 KORNOItS, S.
Rotylenchulus borealis were found in the damaged roots of
maize. R. borealis, recorded for the first time in Bulgaria, and
Conference, 6.8 June, 1978, South Dakota St.mtc University, Brookings, South Dakota, USA. St Paul, Minnesota, USA; US Department of Aenculture. (1979) 29 [En, 2 ref. ARM. NC-7] Univ. of Nevada, Reno, Nevada. USA.
lucerne culivar,
Nevada
pests of maize.]
[Parasitic species of nematodes on maize.] Rastitelna Zashchita (1977) 25 (10) 23-24 [Bg] In Bulgaria, Meloidogyne hap/a, Pratylenchus zeac and
nemrnatodt control. In Rcpor of the 26th Alfalfa Irflprottncit
hardy
-
0 1 2 5 STOYANOV, D.
.
.Nrematode resistant alfalfa in crop rotations for root-knot
A
[Nematodes
Nicienie - szkodinki kukurydzy. Ochrona Roglin (1978) 22 (6) 14-16 [PI] Instytut Ochrony Roglin, Poznai, Poland. The disease symptoms aiding recognition of nematode infections (Ditylenchus dipsaci, Hetcrodera avenae and Pratylenchus spp.) on maize, a crop increasingly cultivated in Poland, are outlined for the field worker.
on maize, is described and its measurements compared with those of the original description.
Syntlihetic XX',
1 26 CAUDEL,
resistant to hapla was plamted u heavily infested soil (ca. 60)0Meloidogyne M. hap/a/lOG c c. of soil) in Nevada, USA.
.
[Problems posed by the stem Kehn)) in maize culture.]
nematode (DitylencL s dipsaci neaoeDtyncsdisi(Khn)nmieeuur.
Popl(caiO of. hapla were reduced soih tt aoasay Populations fM. hapla were reduced such that a bioassay 1. 12 months after planting of Nevada Synthetic re-suhted in 0.8 galls/tomato plant compared to 200 galls/tomato plant on plots planted with susceptible lucertie. Rsistance levels above 7(1,"gase successful coinrul of AL lisla.
Problimes poses par le ntmatode des tiges dipsaci (Kuihn)) en culture de mais. Comptes (Ditylenchus Rendus des Seances d'Agricuhure de FranceAgronomiquc, (1973) 59 (8) 627-640 de[FriJAcad~mie Inst. National de la Recherche Lab. de Recherches de a Chaire de Zoologie, E.N.S.A., 65
0 12 1
Aspects of the life-cycle and pathology of Ditylenchus dipsaci on maize in France and the possibility of control by crop rotation are described and discussed. Observations on
G.IFFIN, G. D.
rue de St. Bricuc, 35042, Rennes Cedex, France.
Interrelationship of Afeloidogvne
hapla and Ditlenchus dipsaci on resistant Lind suceptible alfalfa. Journal of N. natlogy (1980) 12 (4) 287-293 [En, 16
788 ha of maize, in France, from 1968 to 1972 showed that 114 ha were destroyed by the nematode. D. dipsaci
,ef.] USDA, SEA, AR, Crops Res. Lab., Utah State Univ., Logan, UT 84322, USA. Root penetratiOn of 4 lucerne cultivars, Nev Syn XX, Vernal 298, Lahontarn and Ranger by Ditylerchus dips:;ci and XMcloidogyi¢ hapla at 16, 20, 24 arid 28'C was similar in
populations front 10 different hosts reproduced on maize. Populations from beetroot, oats, carnation and maize reproduced well but a population from shallots reproduced poorly. Reproduction in maize plants inoculated between 20th April and 23rd May was fairly constant but in plants
single and combined inoculation tests. Invasion by M. hapla
increased with temperature whereas invasion by D. dipsaci on Vernal 298, Lahontan and Ranger was greatest at 20 and
noculated on the 31st May it was poor. In pot experiments
104
)enetration of maize seedlings occurred 2 days after noculation in I- to 4-week-old seedlings and after 6 days in
Evaluation of nematicides and 0 1 3 1 RiiOADE'S, H. L. methods of their application for control of nematodes on field corn. Ne'ratropica (1979) 9 (1) 43-47 [En, es]Agric. Res. & Education Center, p.o. Box 909, Sanford, FL 32771, USA. In a 2 year field experiment maize (Zea mays) yields were increased by application of various fumigant and non足 volatile icrnaticides by an average of 28% in 1977 and 58% in 1978. Yield increase was correlated to a decrease in numbers of Belonolaimus longicaudatus. DBCP and EDB also gave good control of B. )ongicaudatus and DBCP Iloplolainus galeatus. Stubby nematodes controlled (l'aratrichodorus christiei) were controlled by terbufos, phenamiphos and CGA-12223. Application of phenamiphos, carbofuran, aldicarb and oxamyl in a 38 cm band incorporated by rotary wheels just prior to planting was more effective than application in a 25 cm band in front of the press wheel or in the seed furrow with the Olanter.
newly germinated seeds. Over a temperature range at II to 21"C reproduction was best at 17 to 19"C. [Freeliving root-nematodes as pests of U 127 DERN, R. Freilebende Hessen-Nassau.] in plants agricultural Wurzelnematoden als Schiidlinge an landwirtschaftlichen Kulturpflanzen in Hessen-Nassau. Gesunde Pt7hnzen (1977) 29, 287.289 [De] Ptlanzenschutzamt Frankfurt am Main. GFR. In Hessen-Nassau, German Federal Republic, damage to cereals and maize, as well as to other agricultural crops, is caused in many fields by l'ratylenchus neglectus and l" penetrans. Losses of between 20 and 34% were demonstrated in cereals, maize and fodder beet in fields infested with more than 250 P. penetrans or more than 500 P. neglectus in250 ml soil. Treatments with nematicides such as Curaterr and Temik 10 G are profitable.
Effects of WtLLIS, C. B.;TiosiPSON, L. S. phenamiphos, methyl bromide, and fallowing on Pratylenchus penetrns, yield of AMedicago sativa, and Fusarium infections. Journal of Nematology (1979) 11(3) 265-269 [EnI Agric. Canada, Re. Station, P.O. Box 1210, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada CIA 7MS. In a field study the effects of phenamiphos (22.4 kg a.i,/ ha), methyl bromide (488 kg/ha) and fallowing on the numbers of Pratylenchus penetrans, lucerne yields and the incidence of Fusariurn spp. were measured. In the Istyear plots were left fallow or sown to red clover and in the 2nd year lucerne was planted and chemical treatment applied. Lucerne was cropped for a further 3 years. Fallowing initially controlled the nematodes but at the end of the 2nd growing season populations were as dense as in plots which had grown a susceptible crop. Yields were increased only in the 1st year after fallowing and Fusarium was not reduced. Phenamiphos treatment reduced nematode numbers, increased forage yields in 2 of the 4 years and reduced Fusarium infection of taproots. The best control of P. penetrans and Fusarium infection was obtained following methyl bromide treatment and lucerne yields were increased in all 4 years.
* 0 132
Penetration and 012 U tGIGA, I. R.; EsTmy, R. H colonization of Brassica raps and Zea mays root tissues by Protylenchus penetrans. Ph),toproicction (1975) 56 (1) 23-30 [En, fr]Dep. of PI Path., Macdonald Col, of McGill Univ., Que., Canada. Parasitism of Brassica rapa and Zea mays by Pratyvlenchus penetrans was studied on seedlings grown in soil or agar Brownish necrotic lesions were formed on roots and were produced on parasitized plants many more lateral roots than on control plants, particularly in soil-grown seedlings, Adults and juveniles migrated within a fe, min of inoculation towards the zone of differentiation or to epidermal ruptures caused b) emerging lateral roots. The nematodes fed externalk on all zones except tberoot cap. Nematode migration within the root tissue was intracellular and although the process of penetration appeared to be mechanical it was often preceded by cell discolouration. Penetration of B. raps occurred within 6 hours of inoculation and of Z. mavs within 8 to 12 hours, unless penetration was through ruptures caused by emerging lateral roots when it was equally rapid in both species. The endodermis of B. raps was disrupted within 2 weeks of infection but that of Z. may3 was not affected. Mahs invasion of B. raps sontetines occurred causiig lesions open to the stele. Histochennical tests
0 1 33
of pheno in thehost roots.
presience showed tire
[Nlaize cultivation and cereal 01 29 BEItRINGER, P. nematodes. Experience in Bavaria.] Maisanbau und Getreidencmatoden. Erfahrungsbericht aus Bayern. Mats (1978) No. 1,18, 27-28 [De] Bayensche Landesanstalt ffur Bodenkultur und Pflanzenbau, Neuburg a.d. Donau, GFR. Heterodera avenae is widespread in Bavaria, German Federal Republic, and is present in 78% of fields. A general account of the nematode on cereals is given and the use of resistant varieties is recommended as being the only way of overcoming the disease. The nematode pathotypes A, B, C and D are present, sometimes in mixed populations, and possibly also pathotypes E and F in the hill country of upper/lower Bavaria Maize is in a different category from that of other cereals because niematode larvae enter the roots but may not mature. Crop yields may be reduced but the nematode population is also reduced. The nernatode-reducing influence of maize was demonstrated in an experiment started in 1967 where, after 10 years of maize monoculture, the heavy infestation of cyst nematodes was also completely destroyed, while in an area growing summer wheat the infestation remained very high. In Bavaria, where frequent maize crops are combined wi th widespread growth of winter wheat, infestations of cereal cYst neinatodes remain slight, "Observations on 1967. 0 1 30 ORR, C.C., cotton root-knot nematode in grain sorghum in West Texas." P1. Dis. Reptr, 51 (1), 29. incognita acrita was found M peloidogyn associated with reduced growth and yield of grain sorghum inTexas, U.S.A.
105
CASPARY. W.
[Investigations on the epidemiology
of and injury caused by Ditylenchus dipsaci (Kithn 1857) Filipjev, 1936 on maize.] Untersuchungen zur Epidemiologie und Schadwirkung von Ditylenchus dipsaci (Kuhn 1857) Filipjev 1936 an Mais. Thesis, Universitat Bonn, German Federal Republic. (1976) 116 pp. [Del Rheinische FriedrichWilhelms Univ., Bonn, GFR. Glasshouse and field experiments were done to investigate the epidemiology and disease caused by Ditylenchus dipsaci infecting maize. Plant invasion was influenced mainly by the stage of development of the host, soil ntoisture and environmental factors. Attack diminished with increasing age of the seedling. Maximum attack and most damage occurred at over 50% water saturation and 15C soil temperature. At 20 to 25C invasion was less, shoot growth was increased and root development reduced, as compared with uninoculated control plants. Different maize varieties were attacked to different degrees but no resistance was observed. Fresh weight reduction in comparable plants varied between 0 and 100% with a mean of about 15%. A similarly wide variation occurred in plant infection but there was a lack of correlation between infection arid damage. The non-uniform behaviour of the same population of D. dipsaci on maize and other plants was based on the genetic heterogeneity of the parasite and host. The identity of the race of the 2 beet populations of the nematode could not be clearly determined by host-range tests. The use of morphological criteria for race separation is impossible because the host plant and temperature can cause modifications. Maize was also attacked by an isolate fruir tobacco. All motile stages of the nematode could attack maizi but predominantly 4th stage larvae. Only rarely did more titan 20% of the inoculum invade, usually less than I%. Shoots as well as roots were penetrated and reproduction took olace in them. The unusual behaviour of the nematode
in entering maize leaves and coleoptiles has not previously been described. There are more than 200 references. 0 13 4 DEMtRE, Y. [Reasons for survival of certain phytoparasitie nematodes (Scutellonenra cavenessi and Mfeloidogone spp.) during the dry season in the Senegalese Sahel.] Les causes de la survie de certais nnratodes phytoparasites (Scutellonemna cas'enessi etMeloidoa)'ne spp.) pendant la saison stehe dans le Sahel Sr:ngalais. Thesis Universitd Claude Bernard (Lyon I) Paris, France; OR.STOM. (1979) 105 pp. [FrI
[308] DERN, R. [Migratory plant-parasitic nernatodes
in agriculture.] Freilebende Wurzelnrematoden ini Ackerbau.
[Abstract]. 131 [Del Pflanzenschultzant Frankfurt Main, GFR. In tHesse, Gerrari Federal Republic, nearly all agricultural land is infested with l'rattlenchus, about one third having more than 250 l'ratvlencihus sp./250 ril soil. Numbers of the nematodes estracted from 10 g samples of roots were 6440 inrye, 7310 in barley, 7490 in wheat, 26 650 in oats, 2780 in maize, 3620 in clover, 250X in beet and 2320 in potato. A comparison of crops ott neinaticide-treated and untreated plots showed an average yield 25% higher on treated maize plots even in dry years. With heavier nematode infestations the differences betw,een treated and untreated plots were larger. 0 1 3 5 GRe.x.SM, 1. It.(..(I)OINAItot); SrIU.st , I). L.; FROSrEISER. F. I.; ERviN, D. C. A compendium of alfalfa diseases. Minnesota, USA; American Phytopathological Society. (1979) vi + 65 pp [Err, 8 pl.(unpaged)] This compendium is intended to help extension and advisory plant pathologists in the diagnosis of diseases of lucerne .. After an irtrodsctory section outlining dise:ase development and giving a short general account of diseis': agerts and the principles of coltrol there are sections detailing tire disea.,es caused by abiotic agents and by biotic agents including bacteria, fuigi, viruses, insects ard nematodes. These sections give descriptiui,; of the syMptnrns of disease, the causal orgarism, tire disease cycle aid control methods. The 3 nernatod s dealt with in det:nl are
Drtt 'lenchus dip.raci (thIre iost itipirtant), ,\eIoidy, spp.
aid Pr-at)lenci spp., the first 2 being illustrated by line drawings and photographs. A guide to tire idertification of lucernle diseases classified by the plant part affected, a glossary of terrms and a comprehensive index cortplete tire compendium. The book is well illustrated throughout with many line drawings and with black and white and coloured photographs. It amply fulfills its purpose.
0 1 36 NoRtHERSN IRELAND, DEI'ARTMENT oF AGRICIIIURE Northern Ireland Agriculture, 38th Annril General Reprrt of the Department of Agriculture year ended 31 March 1979. telfast; HM Stationery Oflice. (1979) 158 pp. [En, Plant neonatology pp. 39.401 Work reported on includes; screening of potato seedlings and varieties forresistance to Glohodera rostochieusis arrd G. pallida, development of more elficiert techniques for resistance screening and invesLtigations of damage caused by clover cyst nematode [Jfeterodera trifoli] to clover in glasshouse experiments.
0 1 3 8 ELGIN, J. H., JR. Inheritance of stem-neoratode resistance in alfalfa. Crop Science (1979) 19 (3) 352-354 (En] Field Crops Lab., Plant Genetics & Gernplasm Inst., AR, SEA, USDA, I3ARC West Beltsville, MD 20705, USA. Inheritance of resistance to Ditylenchus dipsaci in lucerne was investigated by selling and testcrossing 25 resistant and 3 susceptible clones. Segregation ratios could be explained by the hypothesis that resistance was conditioned by 2 coinplementary, dominant, tetrasomically inherited genes, Sn and So. Evaluation of results from earlier reports confirmed the conclusions.
0 1 3 9OLOWE, r. Research work on root knot trematodes at the National Cereals Research Institute, Ibadan. In Proceedings of the research planning conference on root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne spp., 7-11 June, 1976, lbadan, Nigeria. Ibadan, Nigeria; international Institute of Tropical Agriculture. (1976) 15-19 [En, IMP Contract No. AI)/ta-c-12341 Nematol. Div., National Cereals Res. Inst., P.M.B. 5012, Moor Plantation, lbadan, Nigeria. A survey of maize in 7 States of Nigeria showed infestation with Meloidogyne spp. in 51% of the sites examined. The worst affected varieties were Farz 26 & 27. The survey is to be extended incowpea-growing areas. In pot tests of 46 lines/varieties of cowpeas with M. incognita one was ininiie, 24 were resistant or highly resistant and 17 susceptible or highly susceptible. Tire resistant varieties are to be re-examined under severe corrditiots. Surveys of cowpea ard soybean are continuing. 0 1 4 0 Gt.L., J. S.; SWARuI, G. Pathogenic effect of Tylenchorhrynehus vulgaris on gram. Indian Journal of Nernatology (1977, publ. 1979) 7 (2) 155-156 [En] Div. of Nematol., Indian Agric. Res. Inst., New Delhi 110012, India. Tylenchorljrchus vulgaris was inoculated on seedlings of Cicer arietinum grown in pots of sterilized soil with farmyard manure. Plant growth was decreased with increasing inoculum levels up to 20 000 nematodes/pot. Decreases in shoot weight and root length were significant. Fiinal nematode populations increased with inoculum level. 01 4 1 IIA)tti, M. G.; NArtt, R. P.; PIRASAD, S. S.
Studies on the lance nematode Itoplolaimus indicus. I. Pathoeniecity arril histopathogenesis on maize. Indian Journal of Nerratohry (1978, nubl. 1979) 8 (1) 9-12 [En] Dep. o' Nematol., Sugarcate Rei. Inst., Rajendra Agric. Univ., Bihtar. Pusa 848125, India. It a pot experiment 10 day-old maize seedlings inoculated with 100 or more !loplolaius indicus larvae showed significant growth reduction. Leaves of infested plants were yellowed and the tips started to dry 15 to 20 days after irnoculation and most of the leaves were dried out after 2 rhonths. Roots of platrs inoculated with 100 000 nematodes were totally destroyed. The decrease in plant growth was proportional to tle initial inoculum level. Reproduction of tire ncrrrathrde population was most rapid at an inocului
density of 10 tcoiatod. s/plant and slowest at 10 000 'Felts/pat. The rieiatode populatiorifront tire inoclum t of 100 (X)O decreased fron the initial level. H. indicns was observed feeding ecto- and endoparasitically. No hypertrophy or hyperplasia of cells was observed but browning of epidermal cells was seen around the point of irfection or feeding site. The parenchyrnatous cells of tile cortex around tire feedingsire were granular, thick-walled and stained darkly ,ithsaffranine. It later stages of irnfection cytoplasm disappeared and tunnels were formed in tire the cortical tissues due to cell wall disintegration. In heavily infested roots tire epideris %'ascompletely sloughed off.
O 1 3 7 KArALAN-GATEVA S. D.; GUDUROV,\, L. It. LilIe endnparasitic species Zygm)ylenchus goevar:d fflbrtiar ,lirtenet, 1963) lraun & Loof, 1966, uNeiatirda, Tylenchhia) foudfi Bulgaria.] Acta Zoologica llalgaiica (1979) No. 12, 44-49 [l3g. en, rul Zr'gotylenchusguievarai was recorded for the first time in Bulgaria on lucenre (,Vedic.tgo sativa), beans (Phaseolns *0 1 4 2 WILLUlr, J.M.; MALEK, R. B. vulgaris) and maize (Zea rays) which were new hosts for the of plant-parasitic nematodes associated nematode. The biometnc data of nernatode populations fromr Meet. Amer. Phytopath. Soc., N. Cent. Bulgaria, Germany, Czechoslovakia, France. Italy, Tunisia 1979.]. Phytopathology (1979) 69 (5) 544 and Spain are tabulated 106 Path. Univ. of Illionis, Urbana, IL 61801,
Spatial distribution with corn. [Attn. Div., 25-27 June, [En] Dep. of Plant USA.
Soil populations of Longidorus breviannulatus on 4th-
year maize peake:d in July. Numbers of Xiphinema
americanum and Pratylenchus scribneri reached a rna.,inrur
in August or September and populations of f-oplolairnas
gaeatus also peaked in September. Root populations of P.
scribneri and H. galeatus were most dense in August. At the
end of the season L. breviannulatus was concentrated at a soil
depth of 16 to 30 cm, H. galeatus and P. scribneri at 0 to 15
cm and X. atnencanut was e'enly distributed throughout
the 2 horizons
Journial of Agricultural Research (1978) 26 (2) 441.44 [en, arl Dep. of Plant Path., Fac. of Agric., Alexandria Univ., Egypt. In pot experiments 19 maize cultivars, hybrids and strains were tested for resistance to Meloidogyne javanica. The strain Jelli cross was highly resistant whereas the double hybrid 17A anticultivars Giza 249 and Giza 251 were susceptible. Inoculation with M. javanica plus Fusarium moniiiforn, F solani, Rhizoctonta solani or Sclerotium btaticola decreased the growth of the hybrid 17A more than infection withnematode or fungus alone.
0 1 43 BuNt, J. A. Effect and mode of action of the
nematicide ethoprophos. [31st lInt. Symp. Fytofani. en
Fytiat., Gent, 1979. Deel .]. Mededeliigen van de Facheit
Landbouitietenschappen Rijksuniversiteit Gent (1979) 44 (1,
Pt. 1) 357-366 [En, nil Lab. of Nematol., Agric. Univ.,
Wag ningen, The Netherlands.
The results are presented of laboratory and glasshouse
tests to compare the effects and mode of action of
ethoprophos and oxamyl on Ditylenchus dipssci and
Prtylenchus penetrans. The ability of D. dipsaci to penetrate
stem sections of Vicia fbs was inhibited to approximately the
same extent by the 2 chemicals and the reactions of the
nematodes in vitro were similar. D. dipsaci larvae immersed
for several weeks in oxamyl recovered when transferred to
water but did not recover from immersion in ethoprophos.'
After 4 days of exposure in oxamyl solutions at high
concentrations the nematodes recovered in water, but
recovered only from low concentrations of ethoprophos.
Experiments using drench treatments of the 2 chemicals on
maize plants infested with Pratylenchus penetrans and on
tomato infested with D. dipsaci suggest that ethoprophos acts
as a local systemic as well as a contact nematicide.
0 1 4 4 SuNGi. I.;BINR.s, 0. S.
trial. 0 1 49
Effect of carbuofuran as
treatment or as a granular soil treatment alone or in
combination reduced Tvlenchorhynchus populations. Lowest
numbers were observed with treatments of 10% a.i. on the
seed 20 and 35 days after gernination anud,after 65 days,
Res. Centie, Fac. of Agrc., Cairo Univ., Giza, Egypt. The hinstological responses to MTloidogrne ircng 'ifa
Numbers of saprozoic nematodes were also reduced. The
lowest numbers were recorded with the 10% a.i. on seed
lVizup
107un1,
treatment after 20 days anid with thc 10% a.i. on seed plus 3.0 kg a.i./ha soil treatment after 95 days.
he
iur
ndus(if Trifo.
satimmn.
Victia Id1m, Lu1p1ntu trnlis and lPisurn
lireie raides were found in the vicinity of the vascuiiir bunles. Giant cells consisting of thickened unbroken walls, dense c7,toplasro and clusters of nuclei were pteernt within tie vascular straunds. These cells (fli not pievent devcelrprretit of nodular tissues. Gall size and giant cell wall thickness was and least in 7. alevandrnum. Nematodes greatest in V. ltaba irterfered with the symbiotic relatiuiship beteen leguinirors plants ard Rlhiobionr by disruptiug the nuldes vascular contiictlion %sItt,tile root stele.
o1
i/.' sl U t1 Annua:l 45 BRTAIN, LtANT BRFEDiN' report 1977 [II]. Cambridge, UK;. (1978) 168 pp. jEnl Fron Plant Breeding Abstracts 49, 9844, 9845, 984b. Work reported on includes resistance to Ditylenchus dipsaci in lucerne aid in red clover (Trifolium pratenrsel.
0 14 6 REZK, NI. A.; II1RAItIM. I. K. A.
Abstracts
listologieal responses of four 0 1 5fn VOLte:, Q. M. infected with ,uleloidogyne incognita. leguminous erol, Jontiial of Ncnatlogy (1979) It (4) 395-401 [EnI Nematol.
with 10% a.i. on the seed plus 3.0 kg a.i./ia soil treatments.
2
NEA..sIOIOGICAL SOCIETY OF INDIA
of pa ers presented at the Nciuatology Symposium held at llhuhaneswar, Orissa, India, March, 1979. Indian Journal of NVernatology (1979) 9 (1) 53.89 [Eni .,sit.\PATRA, S. N.: DAS. S. N. Host-range and pathogenicity of Tylenchorhynchu5 mashhoodi Siddiqi and Hlasir, 1959 on maize hZea mayst. 64 [Eni Orissa Univ. of Agric. & Technology, IBhubancswar 751003, India.
seed treatment and granular soil treatment alone and in
combination on nematodes associated "ith inaize. Indian
Journal of Nematology (1978. publ. 1979) 8 (I) 89-91 [Eni
Dep. of Plant Path., Punjab Agric. Univ., Ludhiana, Punjab,
India.
In a maize field experiment carbofuran as a seed
ater daa and.illi treatent
01 48 I)LINitIER, M. W.; PALMER, T. P.; ELLIS, T. J.; trle. BURHr. P. A. The effect of stem nernatode infestation
on produetisily and persistence of lucerne cultikars. In J'j,,+ , of tht'32nd Nul" Zcalamd Wccd and Pest Cctrol C'mnkrrtce. Duemdin. 7-9 Aucoust 1979. Palmerston North. Ne,-" Zcal:and. (1979) 195-191 lEn] Crop Res. Div., DSIR, Christlcurch, New%Zealand. A field trial was conducted to assess plant mortality and production losses of resistant and susceptible cultivars of lucerne (Aldicago satina) due to stem nematode (Dit)lenchus dcpaci) in the presence of bacterial wihl(Con)'ebacterium insidiouni) Only culivars resistant to steos nematode and tbacteri:al siltease high yields and inaintained adequate plant nunbers in nofcied plots. Cultivars susceptible to either or bolh discuases had teduced yieldsand suffered high plant Itollahty. C%. 'Gladiator' %%Ich had been described as resistant or tolerant to ste nemnatode was susceptible in thi.
Survey study on
plant parasitic nematodes associating with corn and rice In
Egypt. Alexandria JournalotAgricultural Research (1978) 26 (I) 215-222 [En, ar]Dep. of Plant Path., Fac. of Agric.,
Alexandria Univ., Egypt.
o1 5 1 KosryUK, N. A. [1be influence of the physiological condition of the plant blcr on the stem netiatode cultured on lucerne calluses.J Trud
Fron a total of 733 samples collected from the
rhizosplere of maize and rice plants it Egypt 18 and 15
genera of nematodes, respectively, were isolated. 1he most
prevalent genera, occurring in 53 to 86% of samples, were
Aplelenrcioides, Prat'lecius and Ty'lencorhyicus. Melordogyne, Aphelenchoides, Aplelenchus,
Gelmfrtologicheskor Laboratorif (Gel'mistizfivowvkh i rastenij (1979) 29, 70-75 [Ru] The motility, exogenic nutrition, development and multiplication of Ditrlenchus dipsaci (onion race) maintained on young lucerne callus or on passaged callus (obtained by propagating siritll "erti3is of young callus) over a period of
Lconerrores, Ditylerchus, Longidorus, Trichodorus, Tlenchus aiod iplhinena on ne were new records for Eypt arrelationship Egypt.
l'atnogenicity Il 0 14 7 IBtRAHtIM. 1. K. A.: Rt'ZK, NI. A. M3eloidfn,.vne javranica and certain fungi in corn. Alesridria
107
several months and also in variants using additional mineral supplements were compared. Tire results showed a close between the physiological condition of the host tissue and that of Ine nenatode. The highest activity oi ). dipsaci was observed on young, strongly growing callus, suggesting a close link between tire oxidative processes of the host and tine activity of the parasite.
0152 MAAS, P. W. T.; MAENIIOL-I, C. A. A. A. tile grass root-knot aematnde (,efeloidottie naasi) on sugar beet.] Het graswortelknobbelaaltje (Meloidog,,yne naast) bij suikerbieten. Gewasbescherming (1978) 9 (6) 159-166 [NI] Plantenziektenkundige Dienst, Wageningen, The Netherlands. Observations were nade on tile biology of"Meloido.'rne naa.si on sugar beet and fodder naize growing on marine sandy soil in Holland. Populations were high after winter wheat and larvae entered tile roots of a good host (wheat) and developed to maturity, producing zLg inasses ii suntner which rCiniied ill tile soil and froi Mhich lars.ae hatched the following ipnng. Larvae entcring the roots oi fodder maize (a poor host) did not develop to iaturity and --,, production. In sugar beet, also a poor host, distinct root g:ills w,-re seen iii June but the nematod:; did not reach ntiunt,. Litle da .,kas obSzs.-d on sugar beet, tle inf;:,latioi in tile soil ibi:,..mtd heing usu:ills below 3 OA) tar; it! d ev,-/'1() fill. Larval hatch ii tile lahrato r %%as hest at ITC; a I-Nwmore larvae hatched in grass root leachate tman in tap water
0156 UOOl)I-I.I., 1'. 1.; FEt{is, [I. L )istrihution of five plant-parasitic nenatoudes in alfalfa. 299 JEtlt Dep. of Nematol., T'niv. of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA. Five nematode populations were recorded from a lucerne field: Meloidogyne arenaia, Pratylenchus niny'us, Merlinius bretidens, lielicoylenchus diaontcus and Paratrichodoros nlior aid [he goodness of it of each observed frequency distribution to a negative binomial tested. 0 1 57 t:GUNJOJI, (). A. Oo tie possible utilisation of discarded cocoa (Theobromua cacao L.) pod husks as fertilizer and nenaticide. In Proceedings of tie 5th International Cocoa Research Contfrcnce, lbadan, Nigeria. 1-9 September, 1975. lbadan, Nigeria; Cocoa Research Institute of Nigeria. (1977) 5,11-547 [EnI Dep. of Agric. Biol., Univ. of Ibadan, Ibadan, Ni. -ria.
Applicat ion of dried cocoa pod husk powder to Pratylenchu.s brachs'urus infested ntize plots at 90, 65 and 40 kg/ba resulted in a decrease ii nematode numbers (85, 79 and 78%) arid at increase ii tmaize yields (127, 78 and 70%). Maize growth was also improved. Residual effects were observed iii a second crop. The results itdicated that cocoa pod husks were etfec:tie both as a fertilizer aid netiaticide.
O1 53 MAASSEN, If. [Investigation if inigratirin if Prar-l.wchts into and iut if tiai/e roots in relation to the t uit;of soil or riiiit saol'!0s.] Unto, luclurg ni),:r lie tll-
IlU ' t
,
11] â&#x201A;Źt
Ii1
v.1,
NIT,I
kh'td '
ter
( a tl
g
.fuin \ ns'.iurc,->t tin lin'ick :u"f die i'nn ithlte you Bode - oder Wurzelptobiin. Genunde: 1'fl,,inc:t (1977) !9 (9) '03-205[DeJ Counts of Prat'lenchus in soil and root sampies in a mtaize crop sho-.sd that tiubers iii ;oil fell from May to Julv and the itcreisel to a Itittiti In Nose:tI;t -ti.t r -h.,, itihe rots unretch is iii the soil dIy.,". ' Ill jul ' , of th pop'uaitn of Pr.lt;:ciius ;.ti in tll", iil an, . 9.S iti tie ::.i1' rt it;. [Tlie ne:;:.ides uiultirli,:,l i lic roots in AtLVaUst 0t (fat it, Sepe(i: ther 16% of tle p Iollat ,Il -Aas in the soil and 64% ii the roots. Wilh decay of the roots in November all the nematodes left the roots aril were fouind in the soil. Tile implications of the oMoVeeni t of PratVlenchu5 into and oit of" tie roots in cstiain.iin g tie deg;ee of field int ':;i.tion ar e discissed.
RiIO.\iS. 11. L'. Effect of nonfurnigant oun the sting nenatule, Belonolaimus Ionricaudatrtv, and yield of sweet corn. Stnp: New develop. sl and crop sci. Proceedines. Soil and Crop Science Society ot Florida (978) 37. 218-220 [,I.i] Agnc. Res. & Education Center. Sa itord. 1:L 32771. USA. A 3-year study oil Delray line sand show.ed that populations of flelonolanoos longucaudatus were reduced and the yield of Ze3 rl's var. saccharata was increased when
taonfuiigant nenaticides were applied just before planting.
[lhe best comtrol was obtained following treatment with
piietariiphos, aldicab, sulphocarb or AC-64475. Post-plant
applicaotis of phenamiphos or oxamyl to severely injured
plants were not effective in improving plant growth or
incrt ing yields.
o 1 5 4 RUDZYAVICIIIN', Z. [RuImzEVICIi:uE, Z. [Comparative evaluation of tile nematode fauna of sonic fodder grasses groun after different preceding cros.] Acta Parasitolotca Lituanica (liioklintchskie tfln uiltygeentcheokie asektyr invazionnogo protsessa) (!979 17. 1(11-105 [Ru, e, ii]Lithuania, Itist. Zoologti Lttosskoi SSR, Vltnius, USSR. i Parazitologi AN Theeect of ailnius, prtcuia c SRo oe yatA Fole effectof a precursor crop Followed by a catch crop (ba e ) ntie e eti u na p lots Iwnt o dera se Barle: .ild., illr tue fetr, dtl lt penoieithuaia atet tie
0
en, ng. A.; UNteIR fo. W.;iItAr, J. A.
A glasshouse screening teheniqu foinesistnt r e ho stem nematlade in lucerne. It Proceedings of the 32nd Ne7 ZeAland Weed and Pest Control Gonference, Dunedin, 7-9 August C979.Rem.Div., DerstotI North, Christchturch, New Zealand.New (1979) [99201 [En] Croup DS1R. Zealand. glasshouse technique for screening lucerne (Medicago sativa) for resistance to stem nematode (Dit lenchus dipsac) is described. Resistance sho wo by pla t survival for 12 weeks
ntettiatie 5,ptcies, Iiettlitode2 of clo):r and lcertie sow. iciuittpsiittit. altel harley lhe soon becii'ae a"1ti rce,tai lihd with D t 'lenchusdip.iici as lie do mnioia nltspciesi. Ti ;lls
01 58
ientaticides
01 59 loIJRN
was
or by absence of swelling and distortion 20 days after inoculation agreed with field results. Cv 'Gladiator' which was susceptible iii Field trials iii Canterbury, New Zealand, shown in tests to be as susceptible as 'Sarinac', while
wihDurenhsdi~~uiastedoisui seis.TiswsWasluoe was confirnmed as resistanut.
Utost ta rked whn clser had been preiously grosn ill prololigcd nino oc ul lre.
ao
0 1 60
FERRIS, J. M. [Consideration of nematodes in an integrated approteh to management of pests in corn and sorghum.] Abs. No. 418 Dep. of Entomol., Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA. Assessment of maize and sorghum yield losses caused by Pratylenchus, Hoplolaimnus, Longidorus and Xiphincma in the USA and possible control methods are considered
0 1 5 5-McLEO1),
R. W. & McGECHAN, J. 1., 1966. "New hosts of Alcloidogyrte species (root knot nenuatodcs) in New South Wales." Agric. Gaz. N.S.I., 77 (2), 115-116. Thc followring Alfcloidutgye species are recorded on new hosts: i. arenaria from Belli petcnniuMl. hapla from Cotula australis, Cryptostemnta caleutdula, Cyclapnen persicui, hchiuu phutagineoit, Erechtites prenianthoidles, lelichrysum diolinfoliiut, Oenothera tetrao, l'unielca hunifolia, Silene gallica = S. anghical, Trifo'liun canpestre [ - . proetonubens, T. dutbiunt, T. glomcratimi and 'itis rupestris;Al. incotqnitafro Allthaea rosea, Bouvardia sp.cult., 1'ritula nalacoides and Vitis riparia; A. javanica front Ardisia crenata, Gyclanen persicurn, Gardenia aututusta arid Solanuit inaturitianuol.
108
01 61 CANADA, DEPARTMENT OF A',RICULTURE 'Research Branch Report 1976-1978. Ottawa. (1979) xi + 473 [En, Plant nematology pp. 2-3, 12, 13, 79, 86, 131-132, 177, 179-180, 395, 4151 Work reported on includes: potato breeding for resis,tance to Globodera spp., the pathological effects of Pratylenchus penetrans on legumes and forage grasses, interaction between P. penctrans and Fusarium slip. on lucerne and control of the nematode with phenamiphos or methyl bromide or by fallowing, control of P. penetrans ott tobacco using Telone C-17, the contribution of nematodes to
tob.:cco stunting, cortrol of dagger nematode [Xiphinei:, spp.] on grapevines by fumigation with Vorilex, the use of
nenaticide- to control P. renetrans on fruit trees, productiou
(fan llustratedt y t the plant-parasitic nematodes of
Canada. taxonot work on insect parasitic merroithids and
plant-parasitic species;, rapeseed as an alteniatrve host of the
sugar beet cyst nematode [Hleterodera schachtii] and the use
af n,,',icides on maize.
This publication characterizes 179 domestic and foreign cultivars of Medicago satiea and 9 experimental lines for resistance to Dity*enchus dipsaci and Afeloidogjere hapla. Results indicated that roost cultivar are susceptible to the 2 nematodes. lowever, 21 cultivars and 6 experimental check lines exhibited resistance to 1).dipsaci at 50% or higher, these included the Washington-resistant experimentals WDS3, WISI and V2SI. Only 4 ultivars had 50% or higher resistance to Al. hapla. I ables of results are Itixen.
* 0 16 2
JOINSON, PX'. W.: l'OIR. J. V. Winter survival of root-knot nernatodes (elrhidug ine incognita and A1.
hapla) under selected tost crops in Southern Ontario.
Science (l950) 60 (I) 203-207 [En.
Canadian Journal of l'iant fr]Res Sin., Agric. Canada, Vineland Sin.,Ontario LOR
2E0, Canada
In fieldexperinirrnts at tHarrnw, Ontario, Canada,
Afeloidogul'te itco'tita was capable of oserwintering on peach
talion.
ioderate conditions. At Vinelanrd onl.% under Ontario, A! inco,.stdid not over,inter below thefrost line
(30 cm) under lucerne inrnrrrderate conditions but (lid so
under red clover [Trifolumi repens] and tomato e~cn during a
severe winter. A hapl strvied well urnder all 3 hosts ir
both winters at ileptihi from 0 to 90 cm.
*o01 6 3 1OWNSHENI, J. L.;tOFIFR, J. WV. lPopulation behavour6 o Ife( gin - haL.; undr.fou. foV.ge l'rejritatirn beravirmr of eloidrlgn Jterennine nrh nuirder frour fmrae legrues in mieroptot;. Cauiadrar Jouta13 of Plant Science (1980) 61) (I)
293-295 [En] Res. Sin.,Agric. Canada. Vireland Sin.,
Onirio LI.R 2EO. C nada.
Populations of Mcloidorne hapla fluctuated under trforaie lreuops (lo nle,red clover, white clover, birdsfool trefoil) in microplots sampled in the spring and antunin for 2.5 ear, itr ntaioC~rad. Vu tha lss rriiali ncrrlunrrr 2.5ents r in Ontario Canada :tha low initial inchuin
density the u nlrrJ population had increasedy deni tle
first autuln, whereiowith a high inoulum density, theneeratode population decreased by autumn. Over tienext 1.5years the
rernatode porulation decrea-sed or remained statir At theend
of the 2.5 year period the nun.ber of larae extracted from
the rest of the4 legutmes ranged from 125 larvae/g of root (lucerne) to 1600 larxae/g of ro (red closer) 0 164 ltOSq.'BINDFR, M U.; it1 (Xr., J R.:L'KEZIC, F. L. Interactions rf otnatrile5 ar'd hr:cteria or, alfalfa. [Atn.
Meet. Arirer. Phyropath Soc., North,::tsretr Div., 31 Oct - 2
No., 1979. Abstract.]. l'h.topathrl,,g (19801 70 (5) 459
[En) Dep. of T1.pathol., Tie t'crrsyhari: Stare Urns., Univ.
Park, PA 16802, USA.
Me/oidogyne hapla, J'ratylethos penctrans, tfehcotericbus dihyrsterm. Tlcrchorhvnchus clayitoni, Trichoiorus christici randDinr.'ncthux drp.xaci reduced the growth of 'Sararac AR' lucerne. The first4 eriratodes interacted syrergistically with i. of (ie 'xcPu,,rmmrs snneac, I'. corrirata and 1'. tnarrcr.rinr riducitin svedling
growth. Ti'lenchrns sp. acted as %ectors on thehircterra.
16 5 DoNNE.LY, E. 1. Registratin uf Cahaba White, Vantage, Norva 11,and Vanguard vetch. Crop Science t 1979) 19 (3) 414 [En] Dep. of Agron. & Soils, Aubum Univ., Ala., USA. From I'iant Breeding Abstracts 50, 3050. Cahaba White, Vantage and Nova II from the cross Viciasativa 'Ala. 1894' X V. cordata 'PI 121275', and Vanguard, i composite from the cross V. sativa 'Ala. 1894' X V. natbonrensis 'PI 170017', are resistant to Afeloidogyne
ihncgnita and Al. incognita acrita.
*0
0166 El.e;IN, J. 11., JR.; tARTMAN. B.J.;EVANS, D. %V.; Stem
).: FAt.KNER, L. R.; IluNr, 0. J. IyR, B nemutode ard nurthern ront-knot nennatrde resistance ratings
for alfalfa cultivars and e).perimental lines. Lcaflet, USDA.
Science and Education Administration, Agricultural Research
Results, Northeabstern Series (19801 No.7, 14 pp fEn] Field
Crops Lab., llhsvillc Agric. Res. Center-W~est lh.tsville MD 109 20705, USA.
in breeding jlesults aelt ie,,ed 0167 MANNI N R, S. irsbe lucerne for resistance.) A lcernareuiszteocter Cilt Ceehnrintivek. .Arartndo inryrKrrzlernyek (1978) 37 Goddll5i Agrirtudoinityi Egyeteii (2/3) 201.212 [lili Kui:Ktintizete, Kompolt, Hungary. Fron Plant Breeding Abhtr:k( 50, 3041. An outline isgiven of iung:arian attenpts itbreed for rest ince to viruses arid to pathogen.s inolved in the lucerne writ coplex, %khich includes i)ylenCcms dpsJci. 0 1 6 8 SUt IVAN, J.A.; Ctt'ISIrt, 13 R.: PoTir.R, J.W. Inhtritance of northern root-knot nematode resistance in alfalfa. C&-oadi:n Journal of Plant Science 11 980) 60 (2) 533足 537 [En, fr. 10 ref.] Crop Sci. Dep., Univ. of Guelph, Ontano, Canada NIG 2"'1. INine clones were selected from the cultivar Vernal to theinhrenitance of resista:.ce to Afeloidoryne hpln irr lucere. The Sr and F, progenies of these9 clones writ that
shov,'d
screened fortheirreaction to f.hpla, tati,'s to Af hapla was controlled by 2 lociwhichr resristance segrrared tetrasomcallN. This stud., showed that at east 2 donrinani alleles must be present at both loci for a genotype t hAimne titnca oiatGnipsvaGerrospes aa., to shoss, r'esrrrrce. Resrt,trnce is ax dontint propcsed forF of Q clones to explain the reaction of their prt"aod to Af hapla SITrnifiant reciprocal differences were oxcrrid in 2 of 7 eros lhe screenm techique allosed each plant to be Frowr in an indixidual cotaiier filled %%iih soil unifonnls infested with nenatodes After retesting a %,mph" of plants showin.e zero galls. it 'uas concluded that 13% xx e rsce
*0
69 NATII, R. P.; BANERJEE, A. K.; HAIDAR, M. G.; SI;,It.1, B. K. Studies on the nematodes of pulse crops in India. 1. Pathogenicity of Meloidogyne incognita on gram. Indian Phytop.athology (1979) 32 (1) 28-31 [En] Dep. of Nenrtol., Sugarcane Res. Inst., Rajendra Agric. Univ., Pusa, Bihar-848125, India. In a pot experiment gram (Cicer arictinum) seedlings were inoculated with 10, 100, 1000, 10 000 or 100 000 Meloidogyne incognita juveniles/500 g soil. Root and shoot growth and pod number decreased with increasing inoculum density. Flowering was delayed by 10 to 15 days following inoculation with 100 or more juveniles and at a density of 100 000 nematodes the seedlings failed to flower. Mortality was 60% at the highest inoculum density after 30 days, The pathogenic threshold was 100 juveniles/500 g soil. Histopathological examination showed nematodes feeding on vascular tissue. In the early stages of infection the protoplasm of the cells around the head of the larvae became granular with enlarged nuclei, later giant cells develaped. The cortical and vascular tissue surrounding the feeding site was blackened in some plants. Nematodes were observed in the root nodules and bacterial numbers and nodule size decreased with increasing nematode density.
liisopnathologieal stud. 0 1 70 NG,0. C.; CitEN. T, A. of alfalfa root infected by Hoplolaimus gahtafrus. [Ann. Meet. Arier. Phytoph. Soc., Northeastern Div., 31 Oct. - 2 Nov., 1979. Abstract.]. Phytopathology (1980) 70 (5) 466-467 [En] Dep. of P11. Pathol., Rutgers Univ., New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA. Damage to lucerire root tissues caused by feeding by H. ealeatus is ,Iescrihed.
* 0 1 7 1 GOOIFI.I., P.; FERRIS, H. Plant.para.sitic nematode distribution in an alfalfa field. Jounl ot Nematology (1980) 12 (2) 136-141 [En, 23 reft] Univ. of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA. Systematic samples taken from a field of Medicago salivj in California, USA. showed Meloidi') ne arenan'a, Pratylenchus minyus, Merlinius bretidens. llehot lenchus digonicus and Paratrichodorus minor to be con.istently present. All species had a highly ske-.%ed frequerc,: distribution that departed signific:itly fron ratsdovi .S. M\. arenflaa. . brevidens and Il. ,ig:iczlus '.,Ce d scrbcd by . negative binomial in samlples frm tlie entire field. When categorized by soil texture, all populat;lts it the finttextured areas and 3 populations (At. arnaria, I'. tinyus ind ,\. breviden) in the coarse areas fitted a negatie binomial distribution.
0 1 75 KEANI., 1'. J. Disecse of legumes relevant to Papua Ncv% Guinea. Science in New Guinea (1974) 2 (I) 112足 125 [liin] From Vinged Beans, IDRC Abs. World Lit. 1900. 1977, (1978), 169. Mcldoggyne has been fOuundl ott l'soPhocarpus tetragotiololus at tile Univetsity of Papua New Guinea. 0 1 76 Boa, W. S. A preliminary report ott the distribution and host-range of the nematode Aphelenchoides nrachidis Bus. in the north of Nigeria. Samaru Agricultural Newsletter (1977) 19 (1) 21-23 [En] Examination of samples of seed of Arachis hiogaea from different parts of Northern Nigeria revealed Aphelehoides arachidis in significant numbers otly in samples from a limited area around Samaru. In a general survey A. arachidis was fotnd in large numbers in the roots nf sugarcane, maize, sorghumn, millet, rice and sonic wild grasses. All but 2 samples of groondnut had no infestation; the 2 infested samples were from areas wtich were regularly supplied with seed from Sainaru. Groundnuts intlercropped in fields with heavily infested maize or vorghunt were not infested. It is suggested that 2 biotypes of A. arachidis are present, one occurring ott cereals and the other ott both cereals and groundtuts.
I 1 7 2 CAUBEI., G.; RtVOAL, It. [Evaluation of action ft pestieides against various nematodes in maize fields.] Evaluation de I'action de pesticides sur divers ninatodes en culture do matis. In Sciences Agronrotnques Renets. Rennes, France; Ecole Nationale Supmrieure Agrononique. (1977) 3349 [Fr, eti] I.N.R.A., Lab. de rec.erche de la chaire de Zoologic, E.N.S.A., Renntes, France. lit field experiments in France various nem:,icidets %,,ere tested for control of Dttylenchus dipsaci, Heterodera avemac and Pratylenchus s o tp. maize. Treatment Aith aldicarb or carbofuran inhibited nematode infestation over . 50 day period and stimulated maize gro%,th. Maize wa.i hypersensitive to populations of D. diplsact and /. anaenc above 30 and 50 nenmatodes/plant respectively, bit was a very bad host and could be used in cereal rotations to reduce nematode population
0 1 7 7 LVCKE, E.; SAEFKOW, M. Maize varieties as hosts of tile cereal cyst-nematode (tleterodera avenae Wall.). [Abstract]. In International Contgress of Plant Pathology (3rd), Miinchen, GFR, 16-23 August, 1978. Abstracts of papers. Berlin and Hamburg; Paul Parey. (1978) 150 [En]
Inst. fiJr Angewandte Botanik, Abt. Pflanzentschutz, Univ.
lstamburg, GFR.
In tests of 11 maize cvs. used for ensilage with different pathotypes of Hieterodera avenae, pronounced differences were observed between the pathotypes in numbers of cysts produced and in crop yields.
0 171. VAZQUE-Z, J. T. [Infesttinns of parasitic nentatodes as a factur limiting the production of maize in the Mexican altipleno.] Infestactoes; de rmatodes fitopiirasitos como factor limitante en l producci6t kie maiz en el tltiplano Mexicarno. Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico; DGEM. (1976) 79 pp. [Es] Maize tn'onoculture, a system which favours the multiplication of pathgens, is typical of the regions of the high plain of Mexico. Studies on the distribution and prevalence of nematodes in these areas and on the pathog.'nicity and control of nematodes, especially Punctodera punctara [lletcrodera punctata it text], are reported. In 1962 and 1963, a total of 94 soil sattples were collected from mtaize plantations, all of which were infested %vith P punctara: Ikhcotylenchus crs'thrtnae, Tylenchorhysnchus [Quinisulcins] acti and Pratvlenchus pnttetrans were also very common. Experimental studies on tile patlogenicity of P. punctata on 3 varieties of maize grown in field plots showed a elationship between the degree of irfestation and plant heihtll as well as shoot and root weight. Applications of manure and/or ariionium sulphate improved the yield of maize tit experimental plots but, with the exception of Tylctchorhynnchus, did not significantly affect nematode populations. It is concluded that more work is retled to extend these preliminary studies and it is recommended that cetiain traditional agricultural practices (tncluding monoculture) which favour the rncrtatodes should be discontinued. 4 paue. of references are giscn and 12 p.Ics of colour photographs, mainly illustrating fle pathogeicity esperttttts, are included
0 1 7 4 IJLGAVIAt, 1' LGARSKA AKA!11'.tIYA NA INAUK t HE [hird National Conference of Parasitology, Alberto, Bulgaria, 12-14 Oct. 1977. Summairies.] Treta Natsionalna Konferentsiya po Parazitologiya, Albetta, Bulgaria, 12-14 X 1977. Rezyumeta. Bulgaria. (1977) 253 pp. The following 20 papers on plant nenatology were presented at this conference. S'OYANOv, D. [Rotylenchulus borealis - a new parasite of maize in Bulgaria.] [Abstract]. 111-112 [Ru]
0 1 7 8 RODRIGUEZ-KAIIANA, It.; INGRAM, E. G.
[Susceptibility of pigeon peas to plant parasitic nematodes in
Alabama.] Susceptibilidad del gandul a especies de
fitonenatodos en Alabama. Neenatropica (1978) 8 (I) 32-34
[Es, en] Dep. of Botany, Auburn Univ., Auburn, Alabama,
E.E.U.U. 36830, USA. Infected field soils were used in pot tests with Cajanus cajan seedlings to assess nematode soil populations after 8 weeks. C. cajanus roots in a sandy loan from a soybean field contained Pratylenchus brachym-us, 7vlenchorlynchus claytoni, and floplolaimus galeatus; soil c,ntained T.
claVtooi, . galeatus and Trichodorus christici. Roots of
plants grown in a sandy loan from a cotton field contained
P. scribneri and t. dilvstera; tlte soil contained H. dihystera
and T. christici bit no 1: scribneri. Pigeon peas were severely
attacked by Meloidogy'ne arenaria when planted in a sandy
loam from a peanut field. Results indicate that pigeon peas or
at least the culhivar tested, are not suitable for inclusion in
rotation schemes in S.E. United States.
o 1 7 WOOt F. t, Hs Biology, incidence and general control of the lucerne stem nematode. In Proceedings of the 25th New Zealand Weed and Pest Control Conference Christchurch, Ne' Zealand, 15-17 August, 1972. New 'Zealand; New Zealand Weed and Pest Control Society Inc (1972) 116-121 [En] Plant Diseases Div., DSIR., Auckland, New Zealand. The synptoms, life-history and disease cycle of Dity)lenchus dipsaci on ltcerne in New Zealand are described. The nematode is present in both North and South Islands. The tinimum generatiot time is 25 days at 15 to 20C ott seedlings. In South Island, infestation mav exceed 30% as indicated by examination of seed samples.' Control methods are discussed with emphasis ott prevention of spread by careful cleaning of lucerne seed.
110
0 1 8 0 (JOSWAMI, B. K.; RAYCIIAUDIIURI, S. P. Interaction of root-knot nematodes and viruses in maize and
A brief general account is given of breeding lucerne Corynebacterium and to to fungi, varie:ties resistant Meloidoegyne.
tobacco in India. [AbstractI. In International Congress of Plant Pathology (3rd), Miinchen, GFR, 16.23 August, 1978. Abstracts of papers. Berlin and Hamburg; Paul Parey. (1978) 154 (En] Inst. fiir Nematologie, Topplicideweg 88, 4400 Minster, GFR. Meloidogyne spp. interacted with maize mosaic virus on maize and with tobacco mosaic virus on tobacco and tomato, The nematodes multiplied more on virus-infected plants and more giant cells with numerous nuclei were observed than when nematodes only were present. There was greater accumulation of N, P and K in roots of plants infected with both virus and nematodes than in plants with nematodes alone. The nematodes did not act as vectors of the iruses.
Registration of Deseret alfalfa (Reg. No. 78). Crop Science (1977) 17 (4) 671 [En] Crops Res Lab., Utah State Univ., Logan, USA. Front Plant Breeding Abstracts 48 (6). 5581. The Medicago sativa var. Deseret, formerly called Kayseri, is more resistant to DitYlenchus dipsaci than is the var. Ranger.
" 0 1 8 5 PEDERSEN, M. W.; GRIFFIN. G. D.
The *0 1 86 SL..IVAN. J. A.: CHRISTiIE, 13. R.: POTTER, J. inheritance of resistance to the northern root knot nematode [Ann. Meet. Can. Soc. Agron.. Guelph, in Vernal alfalfa. Ontario. 14-18 August 1977. Abstract.]. Cotadian Journal of
U1 8 1 BARNES, D. K.; SORENSEN, E. L.; PEADEN, R. N.; J.; DEVINE, T. J. H., JR.; HUNT, O. KEIIR, W. R.; ELGIN, C.H. .; HANSON, E.; KAWAGUCI, 1. ; FROSEISER, F.
Ph.nt Sciepcet(1978) 58 (2) 585 [I1] Crop Sci. Dep.. Uni. or Guelph. Guelph, Ontario NIG 2VI. Canada Inheritace of resistance to Aeloidttivne hapl in lucerne cv. Vernal is thought to be (tantuative.
Registration of seventeen populations from the IIIC alfalfa germplasm pool (GP No. 55 to GP No. 71). Crop Science (1977) 17 (4) 675-676 [En] ARS, USDA, Dep. of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, Univ. of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108 USA. diseases against Dity)lcnchts dipsaci is one of 9 pests and in lucerne. The which resistance is being developed be described will characteristics agronomic and pest resistance
"0 1 87
later. 0 1 82 CASTILLO, M. 13. Relative susceptibility, resistance and tolerance of selected crops to inoculation Aith Aleloidogr-ne spp. in pots. Philippine Phtopathology (1976, publ.. 1978) 12 (1/2) 17-23 [En] Dep. of PI. Path., U.P. at Los Baftos, Coll. of Agric., College. Laguna, Philippines. Pot experiments were carried out to test the susceptibility of a number of crop plants to ?seloidogyne acrita, Al. arenaria, A.!. incognita and Al. jasanica. Cotton (cv. Deltapine 16), peanut (cv. CES 101) and pigeon pea (cv. Native) were resistant to all root-knot species tested and black pepper (Piper trioicurm) was resistant to Al. acrita. Ilawaiian ginger, eowpea (All Season), soybean (Clark 63) and strawberry (Missionery) were tolerant to Al. incognita, Af. incognita, A. arenaria and Al. javanica respectively. Other crops tested were susceptible to one or more root-knol species as shown by gall ratings, nematode reproduction and reduction in plant growth or yield.
;.
Resistant host responses to
llistochemical root 0 1 88 AttMAD, M.; CIILN. T. A. pathology of alfalfa infected by Iloplolaimus galeatus (Cobb, 1913) Thorne 1935. [Abstract]. In International Congress of GFR. 16-23 August, 1978. nliinchen, Plant Pathology (3rd), Abstracts of papers. Berlin and Hamburg; Paul Parey. (1978) 153 [En] Dep. of Plant Path., Rutgers, The State Univ., New Jersey, USA. Il'igeon-pea cyst 01 89 UAUR, II. S.: INDIERJtr SINGI nematode, Heterodera cajani, associated with the moong crop Agricultural Punjab Research, State. the Punjab in (4) 509 [En] Dep. of Plant Path., Punjab 14 Journalof (1977) Universit' Agric. Univ., Ludhiana, India. Examination of the roots of Phaseolus aureus and soil ,1ing crop in Ludhiana, from a Field of a poorly growing India. revealed tle presence of large nunbers of lUcterodera cajani. The plants were stunted and had small yellowish leaves. A preliminary pathogenicity test was conducted by groving the moong variety U(5 in naturally infested soil containing about 150 larvae/lO0 g of soil. After 30 days, plant growth, as indicated by plant height and fresh %veightof shoots, was significantly poorer than that of plants grown in nematode-free soil. The life-cycle of the nematode was experimentally completed in 17 to 19 days iii July. This is the first report of this species from Punjab State.
0 1 83 IIALPIN, J. E., 1963. "The ceect of soil fungi and root-knot nematodes on the growthd of white clover in field bins." [Abstract.] I'hytopathology, 53 (8), 877. Observations on growth, vigour aid persistence of sVhite clover were made for 5 months following experimental inoculations with: (i) one of 6 soil fungi, (ii) it eloi,lhgyne in,gltilt and Al. iPcognita var. acrita or (iii) a mixture of the nemiatodes atid one of tile fungi. The most pathogenic organism Was Sclerotiman rolfii; 1ouiarium ro,'eum, lRhizoctonia olani and the nematodes were about equal and F. oxysporum, Lproli c's terretis and .'iiiro 5pora sp. were less pathogenic than the ncmatodcs. Combined with L. terremrris or S. ro!fdJii the itema足 todes did not give significaitly more daimage than was produced by the fungi alone, but with each of the other '4 fungi combined with nematodes the damage was greater thant for tither pathogen alone. Ihe greatest damage was in August and September and the fungus was still tlie dominant pathogen on the diseased clover stolens a year later.
Development of disease-resistant
0 1 8 4 DuNtItER, M. W. lucerne ctltivars for Ness Zealand. I 3rd International the Advancenment of Breeding for Congress of the Societ) Researches moAsi a ind Oceania (SABRAO). Plant Breeding Papers: 2. 14. Breeding pasture plants. (a) Lucerne. Canberra, 4-7 [En] Crop Res. Div., DSIR, Australia. (1977) Christchurch, New Zealand. From Plaint Breeding Abstracts 48, 7687.
V'GtICtttO, U.
ten California populations of .leloidog.)'ne incognita. Journal (if,%ei tolog'v (1978) 10 (3) 224-227 [En] Di%. of Nematol.. Unis.. of California, Davis 95616. California. USA. Resistant and susceptible cultisars of tomato. lima beans. cotton and lucerne \%ere tested with 10 population, of Aleloiedoine incognita from different Californitan location,. Nine of the populations differed in aggressivene,, on the 14 cultivars tested. Two populations were especially aggressive toward resistant tomato cultivars.
0 1 9 0 IlEAL.Y, W. B.; WIDDOWSON, J. P.; YEATES, G. W. The effect of nematodes on the growth and utilization of phosphorus by white clover on a yellow-brown loam. Neun Zealand Soil News (1972) 20 (5) 125-133 [En] Three glasshoise experiments were conducted using yellow-brown loam infested withl Meloidogyne haph and Hetcrodera trifolii. In the first, seedling growth of 'Hluia' white clover sas 5 times greater in sterilized soil than in infested soil in the first 36 days after soing. Limiting to a
III
depth of 10 cm gave a small response in clover growth but only in infested soil. In the 2nd experiment, white clover plants grown in sterilized soil for 40 days suffered marked growth depression when repotted in infested soil. Clover ii infested soil required 5 times more phosphorus fertilizer than did clover grown in sterilized soil to produce the same amount of dry matter. In the 3rd experiment, 7 lines of sshite clover grown iii infested soil all exhibited marked groth
depression: the mean yield was 7.11% of that in sterilized sod The yield of Lotus pidunclatus wa, also severelY depressed. whereas red clover, subterranean clos er and lucerne %%ereless affected. Nematode counts showed that all closer species %sere hosts for M. hapla but only white and red clover for II trifoli. *
1 9 1 NOEL, G. R.; LOWNScERY. B. F. Effects of temperature on the pathogenicity of T.hnchorhynchus clarus to alfalfa and observations on feeding. Journal of Nematolo.'. (1978) 10 (2) 195-19K [hEn]Dis, of Nernatol.. Unit. of Calif., Davis, CA 95616, USA. The addition of a suspension of surface-axenized Tvl'lenchorhtinhus clarus reduced top and root growth of potgrown lucerne Reproduction oft clarns seas greater at 24 and 27 than did temperature at 21ot C.produce Tile interaction of nematodeslucerne %.Il SinifiCaut offecfaone tegertu dite4 oth p erodu e taii ee tid. 7" uclarltifed growith in thle 45 nioniti experiiitl period. 7' Cdams fedl endo- and ectoparasiticall.
* 0 1 9 2 NORTON. 1) C.: To.i:iSON, J.; I P.; TilOMAS,
. I. Corn yield increases relative to nonfumigait
chemical control of nematodes. Journal of Neoato/ogi.
(1978) 10 (2) lt)0-1ti6 [En] Iowa Arie. aid IIoute Economics
Exp. Sta., Alties, loss a. 50011, USA.
as eragesa,,lnai intno yietit id Increase of ZeI tvs
oha The itt I1973 21 '- grelter in enatcide- trea ini ts than in uitreated plots
Yields wvere ncgatisely correlated
tlth nematode ntnber, or bzomass in alnost es cry' test. Correlation coefficient for inematode nuiiber, i lie soil and yield wsere -(.5 for Ihhll'cu ft l,h S ps utdorobustu., -0.45
VRAIN, T. C.; 13ARKIui, K. R.: IHOtiz/SAN. G. I. Influence of low temperature ott rate of development of .1lh'niodgyne incognita and .11. hapla larvae. Journal of Nin~atohtgs'. (1978) 10 (2) 166-171 [En] North Carolina Agric. Exp. Sta., Raleigh, N.C. 27606, USA. of (leilottlis Meloidoevne incognita and M. hapla larvaeDesit eoptneit closer roots a/ba) ,ivas studied at 20, 16, 12 atd 8 C iugrowth clambers and in the field fronm October to April iu) North Caroliua, USA. larvae of botI species invaded roots atd de\eloped at 20, I and 12C, but not at 8 C. Tie timl necessary to complete file larsal stages at each temperature was determined. The nminimal temperature for deselopiteit of l. itcognita larsae wsas 10.08 C atd 8.8 C for l. hap/a lars ae. Itt the field, soil teiperature at 10 ci deep was fasiorable for des elopient of lar\ae until tie cud of November, and agait fronm February ott All stages of tire nemtatodes t survi',ed freezing tenmperattres ill the roots. after Reproduction inoculation of and bothaccunulation species was esident April of 8,500i it March 11,250ordegree足 hours. .0 1 96 ALL, J. N.; JELLUM, M. D. Efficacy of insecticide-nematocides ott Sphenophorus callosus and
phytophagous nematodes in field corn. Journal of the Georgia
Enttoroloiajl Society (1977) 12 (4) 291-297 [En] Dep. of
Entomology, Univ. of Georgia, Athens, USA.
Applications of 8 nenaticides at rates of 0. 1 (CGA
12223) or 0.2 (fensulphothion, etloprop, oxamyl. aldicarb,
-arbofuran, oftanol, parathion) kg a.i./I,000 m ross at sowing
of Zea niars resulted in reduced numbers of Aeloidogne,
Hlelicotylenchus, Cricotnetooides and Belonolainus itt the soil
40 days later. At harvest, 75 days after sowing, no cotrol
swas evident, except for carbofuran and oftanol on
Cricoernoides, and no yield differences were found.
for Ihlplolaui t)51t, -0 )or1f Pr.oti /lechus spp . -0 64
I'o Viphio .i anticricanoo and for nunbers it tile roots
aid \ield ssere -00t3 for /'arX ,elnWhnI ,,pp. and -0.56 for
Iopokiitus cale.itus Coefficint, for yield and total
nieiat odet noi ,ers acraced -(65 in roots znd -0.55 ini soil.
Negalise correlatimi ,ere Creater for comparison of \,eld
with total paraitic nein;'tode bionas thaii ikith numtbers oif
iidisidual neniatodes of a species or total ninhers of
parasitic neiiatodes. 0 1 93 ZINii'xnV, V. G. [A study of the mechanisms of
gIrosth fnrmation in plants infected sith Meloidogine.] lI
Problemy, paraziottlocii. Materialt' V11 naichnoi konlrent.sii paracitoogoM USSR. Chast I. Kits. USSR: lidatel'stso "Naukova Duika". (1975) 188.190 [Ru]
Galls ere formed in freshly isolaed roots of toiato or
lucerne (bit tot of wheat or rye) infected iswith One
Meloidogstie incogntta larva: 10 days later gall grosth stopped. to be resuted onlv if tile root ssas sub. cultured and supplied itlh plant hlost extracts. In roots gros,'n iu culture for 14 years galls formed only. if given plant extracts or grovthl-ttducing substances. Larger atiounts of nucleic atds %%ere found iu infected than it uninfected, isolated roots Growtlh stopped if tile larva svas killed by mnersion of tie gall iu water at 51 C for 10 ninutes but
resuned if tire root stas placed in tntrient containing
exudates of iature female .1. in'oenuta, esven if tie exudate
was presiously autoclased or filtered. Used ott their ossi,
nematode exudates did iot stimulate gall growth; plant
extracts stimulated grosth i ihe preseice of lise larvae, the effect being enhanced by the addition of adult nematode
exudate. Grossth of isolated gall tissue (I to 2 tnin ) was
stimulated by aqueous extracts of youtg galls only durii tie
first passage (7 to 10 ilaivS).
*0 1 9 7 BIERGESON, G. B. Control of the lesion nematode Uratvlenchus spp.) in corn with carbofuran. lant Disease
Reporter (1978) 62 (4) 295-297 [En] Dep. of Botany & Plant
Path., Purdue Univ., West Lafavette, Indiana 47907, USA.
Carbofuran at 2.25 and 4.5 kg a.i./ha had io effect on tire incidence of stalk rot of corn [Zea mats] in small replicated field plots itt Indiata, USA, but significantly
reduced numbers (if Pratv/lenchus atd increased yields in 3
out of 4 years. Yield iicreases front 10 plots (0.5 ha or larger) iit 1974 ard 6 plots itt 1975 treated with 2.25 kg a.i./ ha averaged 12.6 and 14.4%, respectively. Reduction of
Pratilenchus in roots for 1974 and 1975 aseraged 84.5 and
98.3-%, respectively.
0 1 9 R RtOAoIS. H. L. Itdigofera hirsuta as a summer
coer crop for controlling //elnlitns ongiaudaus and
eloidcogne incognita in Florida, U.s.A. [Abstract]. In teratoion a Congress of lant Patology Ord), MA uct h.Iet
GFR, 162 A neusts17. hMistracts of papers. erlitn acid
Hamburg: Paul Pare\. (1078) 375 [EHn]Agrie. Res. and
*0
1 94 Ei GIN, J. If., JR.; B.NS, D. \V.: FALLKNItI, I.. It Response o1 resistant and susceptible alfalfa eultivars to regional isolates of stem nematodes. Crop Science ( 1977) 17 (6) 957-95) [HEi] Field Crops .ab., Plant Genetics,,& Germplasm Inst., ARS, USDA. Agrie. Res. Centre (West). lleltssille, MD 20705, USA.
Nine isolates of Dit)'letchius dip.saci weere collected from
different regions of USA and Canada attid tested for variatios in pathogenicity at 15. 20 acid 25 C in lucerne cs Ranger anttl Mvapa (susceptible) and l-ahontan and Calierde
65 (resistant) to deternmine if variations in plant responses should be considered when breeding for resistance to sten nematode. All isolates were generally capable of parasitiziig lucerne but differences itt viruleice were detected. No interaction with temperature or with lucerne Cltiar %%as observed. The authors conclude that a resist ant lucere developed it a breeding programtme using one pathogenic isolate of D. dipsaci swould probably be resistant to isolates from other regions.
112
Education Center. San ford, Florida. USA.
The effects of summer crops on populations of
fielono/aintus lolgicaudattus and .lcloidogile incogtnita and yields of stbseqteut vegetable crops wsere studied during 1973 to 1977. H igh populatiots of Blelonolaitnts Ongic:tludatlls developed ott Sorghlum tiuhare. Sesbania nilacrotarpat and a
tatural population of weeds bitl declined to low levels otl
ncdigolera hirsuta. Root-ktot nematode poplattions ic
general ",vere high ott sesbautia. mtoderate to los out sorghum
and low o ilairy iiudigO and seedl,. Yields, of cabbage.
cucumber and snap beaus %ere significautly higher followsitg
hairy indigo thani followint sesbania. sorght t or xisceds. Soil
fumigation with recomnmended rate, of DD or I BCI' ,realt Increased crop yields tollolig ,estmla. soriuin anu. \,cell,, but produced onl. mall iicreaed tolloe, Ilg hairy Itdigo
nematicides in a sandy soil (pHI 7.0, organic matter 1.4%) and the same soil modified by peat over several years (pH 6.0, organic matter (.0%).
t. 11 Integrated control of root knot nematode . eloidog.ine C. So3CUT, incognita Chitoudi. Mysore Journal of .'Acriultur.l 11 (4) 540-543 [En] Dep. of- P. 1ath.. UAS. (1977) Bangalore-560 024. India Seneca "\as resitlnt In Bangalore. India. Zea ntns ,ivar. \ ,ioll to Meloidog.tie rrrcoglijta and svlren used 333roulaltn0 tomato and chilli caused a significant reduction it nematode reproduction and deselopment. AbehtlnoNclhs eculettius %ar. Pusa Sasvani %%as susceptible to root-knot and icreahed egg production oit a test crop in rottiou experiments Under both rotations, carbofuran and oil cake together caused the and deselopnient greatest reduction ft nematode reproductiotnalmost conpletc. ol a tomato tes crop. Chilli roots %%ere free from infestation under both rotations
oF DI'PARTMEN' lRII.ANI), 0201 NORTIEFRN Annual Report on research and technical AGRICLI TLRE vork, 1977. Belfast. Northern Ireland. (1978?) xxii + 263 pp. [En. Plant netnatology pp. 47-50, 102] Research reported includes experiments for control of Globodera rostochieusis on potato using oxamyl and aldicarb: \il nematode multiplication rates in plots were 2.5 X %t oxatnyl at 4.0 kg a.i./ha, 2.2 X with aldicarb at 2.5 and 4.0 kg a.i./ha and 22 X It untreated plots. Ii the laboratory. silage effluentl delayed hatching from Globodera cysts. Sodium hvpochlorite solution (1% available chlorinel failed to kill all cyst cottents when infected tubers were dipped it it. Tests %%ithia nuntber of potato varieties and seedlings for resistance to cyst nematodes shioed that seedlings 8800 A25 was almost completely resistant to pathotypes Ro I and Pa I but susceptible to Pa 3: 5 other seedlings showed various
0199 StNDARLSIL, H. N.: Srt]lY. K G. H1.;Goi
STATION 0200 BRITfAIN, RtrtAMSIED) EXti'RIMENTAL I larpeiden, 1lerts, UK; Lawes Report for 1977. Part [front Aprcutural rus9. (1art) 3 . Agricultural Trust. (19781 348 pp. [En, [Platit nemnatology pp. 53-54, 66. 68, 100. 126, 128, 155-156, 171-191, 298]] Research reported from the Nematology Department includes the folloving the first recorded occurreice m England of llcterodera hordecalis. Pratylcnchoides ritoer and sap Plaratylenchus buko,ninensis: estimation of the quantity ofwhen extracted froni phlni cells by Ditylnchus dipsaci feeding and the uhrastructure of its anterior alimlentary tract: feeding behasiour of Longidorus caespiticola: identificatin of pathotypes of Globodera pallida io Britain (3 known ones, Ilal, Pa2 and tPa3 confirmed and a new one recognized): identification of potato cyst Ietlatodes (PCN) from tire Nilgiri Hills, India, as mainiy G. pllida with some G. rostochiensis: reactioniof 19 European 1'CN populations to i potato clone sfili gene 113: tire miorpliology of 131 I'CN populations frot South America (good separation of the 2 Globodera species was obtained using certain nlcasurements of 2nd-stage juveniles and certain environieital factors wvere shown to influence their body and stylet lengths): imating tests between ididisiduals of the 2 PCN species frot tl-glish aid lPeruvian populations: comparisoni of water uptake b% l'CN-tolerant aid -intolerant potato %arieties infected \tlh G. rostochitn-sis: relation betseen transfer cells and sc% of G. the oti doubt indicating rostochensis ill tomato. environmental determination of sex: effect of temperature oti the deselopment of the 2 I'CN species indicating that G. pallida is better adapted to relatively low soil temperalures: hatching of G. rostochicnsi.s as affected by osmotic stress aid ilol traisport: presetice of fuigi in Ileterodera avenre and of rickettsia-like orgaiisiis it 1i. goetringiana, 11.gl~cinies and G. rostochinsis s-here they hase beet observed ti eggs. 2ndstage juveniles males and females: cliemical control of Ditlenchus dipsaci in Vicii fiiba (leafles. pea aid 1.upiiu albu.s. though attacked. appear to be poor hosts of 13. dip.saci). Nernaticide tests reported include the use of forrttalin and aldica. b in soil shere H. ateuiae cysts are itfected b% fungi: posi-harvest numbers of eggs %%ere 50% fewer where notfornialin sias applied. Nuierous potential nernaticides sere tested agatisi G. rostochiensis on potato fii pot and field experimentts. A successful tCchiiinlLte for incorporating nenaticide granules it field soil usig a vertical band distributor vs deseloped Oxanyl %%as tested for coutrol ol )l. goettingtana oin peas. oxaniyl and aldicarb for H. schachiii oh sugar beet and alducarb fir DitYlenchus dipsaci (itooon. Obserations %%ere made oti the parasitlst of Prat.iliiclius %pp. on3oilseed rape, oiii the life history and morphology of Angostotina Iomicis in slugs and on tire occurrence ol iermilhids ,I leai:,:r jackets in Wales. Atiteuipts to use ,Ncoaplectuuia catrpocap.,e i the fi-!d for control of iisect pests of seedling suear beet s oiuved some promise. In other departrue.nis at tile Sta:int, observations %%ere made oti vlenchus spp. on Dockiig disorder of sugar beet, on Praty' Vicia faba (4 species present vith t'. pitneuicaudatus in larger numbers than usual) ott Pratle-nchus spp. otn maize (7.000/I soil), ott leaching and dej'radation of oximecarbamate
degrees of resistance to pathotypes Pa I and Pa 3. Techniques for the tests are discussed. Work ott closer cyst nematode [ffeterodera trifolij] includes a technique for determining soil larvae in material floated infestation by estimating hatachable root soil, cotifirmation of hatch stimulation by pea ivai hto fisatoiwt olprst n ectt leachate and comparison of its action Aith that of flavianic acid a:td zinc chlloride. Aldicarb and oxamyl applied to clover intfected sith cyst nematode increased dry matter yield. svhen dosage svas not too high, and reduced numbers of nematodes. but the results suggested that nematodes were not the main factor limiting clover yield in infested soil. In pot tests Atnguina tritici caused t.,pical symptoils in 4 selections of Triticale. This is thougllt to be the first record of - tritici on Triticale.
0202 FURSTENBER,
J. P.; HEYNs, J.
The effect of
cultivation on nematodes. Part I. Rotylenchulus parvus. Phytophylactica (1978) 10 (3) 77-80 [En, af, fr] Plant Protection Research Institute, Private Bag X134, Pretoria 0001, South Africa. The effect of cultivation on the indigenous nematode populations was studied on a virgin loamy soil, using three treatments, maize, cowpeas and natural vegetation (control), for 3 successive years. The effect of a monoculture of these treatments was determined at 2 soil depths, 0 to 25 and 25 to 40 cm. The dominant plant parasitic nematode was Rotylenchulus parvus and intra- as well as inter-seasonal fluctuations were observed. Population peaks occurred in October and March of each season. Nematode populations built-up greatly in maize plants, while cowpeas inhibited development.
113
E. G.; RODRIGUEZ-KAIBANA, R. 0203 INGRAM, busceptlhillty of pigeon pea to plant parasitic nematodes. Division Meetings, 1977. Abstract No. C-13. Proceedings of the American Phytopathological Society (1977, publ. 1978) 4, 177 [En] Botany & Microbiol, Dep. Auburn Univ., Auburn, AL 36830, USA. Seeds of pigeon pea Cajanus cajan) were planted in 10 cm diam. pots containing 500 g of field soil known to contain plant parasitic nematodes. Plants were maintained in the glasshouse (27-32"C). Eight weeks after planting, soil samples were collected for nematode analysis. The roots were exa.ined for galls caused by root knot nematodes and were then incubated for 72 hours in water, sufficient for coverage, to determine the number of endoparasitic nematodes. Pea roots in a sandy loam from a soybean field did not show any galling by Meloidogyne incognita: however, nematode densities (number/g fresh root) in the roots were: 2.5 larvae 9.5 Pratylcnchus brachyurus, 8.8 of M. incognita, Tylenchorhynchus claytoni, and 32.7 Hoplolaimus gaicatus. Soil populations (50 cml soil) were: 2.7 larvae of M. incognita, 155.5 T claytoni, 6.1 H. galeatus, and 2.2 Trichodorus christiei. Roots of plants grown in loamy sand from a cotton field did not have galls from M. incognita but evidenced the following nematode densities in roots: 1.5 larvae of M incognita, 161.0 P. scribneri, and 27.1 Helicotyletchus dihystera. Soil populations were: 44.7 H.
dihystera and 1.2 Trichodorus chnstiei with no P. scrbneri or larvae of M incognita. These data show that pigeon peas are a good host for a number of ecto- and endoparasitic nematode species. Even ihough no galling reaction from incognita was observed, the nematode may be able M. to reproduce in this host. 0204 DECKER, IH.:EL-AMIN, E. T. M. [Paratrophurus kenanae n.sp. (Nematoda: Trophurinae) from the Democratic Republic of Sudan.] Parairophurus kenanae n.sp. (Nematoda: Trophurinae) aus der D.R. Sudan. In Vortiagstagung (4) aktuellen Problemen der lhytonematologie am 8.6.1978 zu in Rostock. Manusknprdruck der Vortrage. Biologische Gesellschaft der DDR, Sektion Ph'vtopathologic und I1'ilhelnr-Pieck-Untrrersitat, Rostock . .. Rostock, DDR;. (1978) 89-95 [De, en] Sektion Meliorationswesen & Pflanzenproduktion der Wilihelr-Pieck-Universitit. Rostock, 25 Rostock, Satower Sir. 48, DDR.
A description is given of the male and feniale of Paratrophurus kenanae sp.n. found in 1977 in acacia forest (Acacia seya/and A. fistula) near Kenrana research station in Blue Nile province, Sudan. The nematode has a relatively short and often claviformi tail the final third of which is included in tire thick hyaline cuticle. It is similar crassicaudatus and 1' clavicaudatus, but is distinguished to P. front both bv tire non-arnulated head and greater body-length, and from P. crassicaudatus also by the lower c value and the more placed phasmid, and from P. clavicaudatus by theposteriorly smooth tail terminus and smaller number of caudal annules. P. kenanae was the dominant species among inhabiting nematodes. As regards tire other two species soil-
of the
genus known from the Sudan, namely P. lobatus and sudanensis, the investigation of 1977 confirmed that P. lobatus is the more widespread, it again having been found P.
in
several provinces, although riot in %ery high numbers. Characters are given distinguishing p. kenanae from these species. 0205 CASTILLO, M. B.; LITSINGER, J. A. Plant parasitic nematodes of mungbean in Philippines. In international mungbean svnposiun [2]. Taiwan;The Ist Asian Vegetable Research and Development Center. (1978) 195-200 [Ea] Dep. P. Path., Coil. Agric., UIPLB, Lagunr Philippines. From Plant Breeding Abstracts 48, 11093, 11100. Of many hundred murgbean [Phaseolus mungo] including local varieties and foreign introductions, testedlines, resistance to nematodes in the Philippines, only one, for a multifoliate mutant, was resistant. This mutant showed some
resistance to Meloidogsne acrila, M. incognita and A.
javanica but was susceptible to A. arenaria.
0208 REED, B. M.; RICIIARDSON, P. E.; RUSSELL, C. Histological and rytological effects of an alfalfa-nematode interaction. 69th Ann. Meet., E. Lansing, Michigan, 14-18 Aug. 1977. Abstract No. 191. Proceedings American Phytopathological Society (1977, publ. 1978) of4, the 123-124 School of Biol. Sci., Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater, [En] OK 74074, USA. Buffalo and Washoe cultivars of alfalfa were found to have lignified cell walls Farrounding the large cavities formed by Ditylenchus dipsaci. Large areas of tissue destruction were found in these galled areas and cells with dense cytoplasm were abundant near the edges of the cavities. Washoe, resistant cultivar, infested with the nematode formed smaller cavities within the gall than did the susceptible Buffalo. Fewer cells with dense cytoplasm and cells cultivar very heavily lignified walls surrounded the cavities in thewith Washoe variety. Inflicting mechanical injury upon resistant the two cultivars caused greater lignification around wounds in Washoe than Buffalo. No cells with granular cytoplasm found in either case with mechanical injury. Visible were microspectrophotometry indicated increased DNA contentlight in the dense cells of both cultivars with the response varying with date of infection and cultivar.
U2 o .
SUZUKI, M.; WILLIS, C. B. Fluorescence In alfalfa roots as influenced by infestation with root lesion nematodes. In Proceedings of the 12th Internqtional Grasdands Congress Volume I (Part 2). (1974) 538-545 [En] Res. Sta., Canada Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada. Agric. The response of Medicago sativa to infestation with Pratylenchus penetrans has been investigated. Dry matter decreased in heavily infesied plants. Total nitrogen did not change and total available carbohydrate was only significantly lower in tap roots of heavily infested plants. In all infested plants. even when root necrosis could not be detected, the characteristic blue fluorescence of tap roots was by a yellow-green fluorescence restricted to the centralreplaced cylinder of the root. It is suggested that this could be used as a diagnostic factor, for root lesion nematode infestation.
0 2 1o TOWNSHEND, J. L.; POT'TER, J. W. Yield among forage legumes Infected with Meloidogyne losses
Canadian Journal of Plant Science (1978) 58 (4) 939-943hapla.
[En,
fr] Agric. Canada Res. Station, Vineland Station, Ontario LOR 2E0, Canada. A microplot experiment was designed to measure yield losses ofand Medicago Lotus corniculatus, Trifolium pratense T. repenssativa, inoculated with Meloidogyne hapla at 0, 4,000 and 24,000 nematodes/kg soil. At the higher inoculum level seeding establishment was 80 and 50% of the control for M. sativa and the other species, respectively. Dry weight was reduced in proportion to increasing inoculum
density, up to 76% in Trifolium spp. and 24% in M. sativa. The dry weight values were also reduced in the 2nd year then there were no differences between inoculum levels, but length was decreased in infested plants of T. pratense andStem
A.L
sativa.
206 GUy, P. [Improving the resistance of lucerne to
Its plant and animal enemies.] L'am6lioration de luzerne
pour la r6sistance A ses ennemis veg&aux et laanimaux. Fourrages (1975) No. 64, 19-34 [Fr] Station d'Amtlioration des Plantes Fourragires, INRA, 86600 Lusignan, France.
In the northern half' of France DitYlenchus causes damage to lucerne in spring; in some southerndipsaci
seed producing zones the seed is heavily contaminated. The genetic aspects of resistance are briefly discussed; the only available resistant variety is Vertus.
02 07 OLOWE, T. Histological changes maize root induced by Pratylenehus brachyurus and P.Inzeae absence of other micro-organisms. Nigerian Journal ofIn the Protection (1977) 3, 41-51 [En] National Cereals Res. Plant Inst., Moor Plantation, Ibadan, Nigeria. Monoxenic maize cultures were inoculated with Pratylenchus brachyurusroot and P. zeac. Necrosis was seen in the roots infested with P. brachyurus after I week but only after I month in the P. zeac-infested roots. The nematodes caused mechanical breakage of cells and necrosis in cortical and st-lar tissues and cavities were formed both in the tissues. P. brachyurus caused less mechanical damage but more necrosis than P. zeac. Metaxylem vessels were penetrated. P. zeae also fed on lateral root initials.
Penetration by both species was preferably in the root hair region: P. brachyurus also penetrated at the root tip.
114
0 2 11 KOTHE, K.; ROSSNER, J. of pesticides against plant-parasitic nematodes to ensure [Use yields of maize.] Einsatz von Pflanzenschutzpraparaten gegen Phytonematoden zur Ertragssicherung bei Mais. Anzeiger frir Schi'dlingskunde Pflanzenschutz Umweltschutz (1978) 51 (7) 102-107 [Den]
inst. flir Phytopath. der Univ., Ludwigstrasse 23, 6300
Giessen, G.F.R. In field experiments in Hesse, G.F.R., Pratylenchus spp. (mainly P. neglectus) and Heterodera avenae were controlled in maize by the use of nematicides. Carbofuran as Curaterr G at 1.0 or 1.25 g/m in the row or as Curaterr SK at 0.15 ml/ ha gave at least 90% control of Pratylenchus: thiofanox Dacamox lOG at 0.75 g/m was 78 to 98% efficient as terbufos (Counter 2G) at 1.25 g/m gave 95% control and compared with untreated plots. Control of H. avenae as was
assessed by the number of males extracted from maize roots after about 9 weeks growth. At one locality, where 0.8 males/ g roots were extracted from untreated plants, aldicarb and carbofuran reduced infestation to less than 10% of that in the controls. In another locality with 0.4 males/g roots iii untreated plots, treatment with thiofanox resulted in 0.2, Curaterr SK in 0.1, Curaterr G in 0.04 and aldicarb 0.03 males/g roots. Increases in root and shoot growth and in yields were also recorded in pesticide-treated plots.
Cynodon dactylon, Euphorbia geniculata, Lippia nodiflora, Phyflanthus fraternus, Physalisperuviana, Setaria verticillata. [Plant-parasitic nematodes :O 2 16 GONZALEZ F., L. associated with rice and corn in several agricultural areas of Costa Rica.] Nematodos fitoparasitos asociados con la rizosfera de arroz y maiz en varias zonas agricolas de Costa Rica. Agronomia Costarriccnsc (1978) 2 (2) 171-173 [Es, en] Lab. de Nematol., Fac. de Agronomia, Univ. de Costa Rica, San Jos&, Costa Rica. In samples of rice soils from 5 localities in Costa Rica the nematodes most frequently found belonged to the genera Tylenchorhynchus, Criconernoides, Helicotylenchus and Pratylenchus. In maize soils from 4 localities the commonest were tlelicotvenchus, Meloidogyne and Ciconemoides.
-* 0 2 12 CASTILLO, M. B.; ALEJAR, M. S.; LITSINGER, J. A.
Note: increased efficiency of determining populations of Rotylenchulus renlformis and Meloldogyne acrita through bioassay. Philippine Agriculturist (1977, publ. 1978) 61 (1/2) 64-69 [En] Dep. of Plant Path., Coll. of Agric., U.P. at Los Bafios, College, Laguna. The efficiency of a bioassay for quantifying populations of Rotylenchulus reniformis and Meloidogyne acrita has been compared with a routine extraction method combining sieving and the Baermann funnel technique. The bioassay consisted of growing 3 nematode-susceptible mung beans [Phaseolus mungo] in the test soil in 5 cm clay pots for 19 days prior to routine extraction. At the end of the bioassay none of the nematodes was in the egglaying stage indicating that all the estimated nematodes were first generation. Recovery of R. reniformis and Ad. acrita growing together was 2.4 and 90 times higher, respectively, when using the bioassay. In soils where M. acrita was alone recovery was 1.8 times higher by the bioassay technique. The experiment was made on pot, microplot and field samples. Thr bioassay is not considered to be reliable when nematode populations are very high.
0 2 1 7 KHtAN, T. N. Problems and progress in improvement of winged beans in Papua New Guinea. Meeting on Winged beans, Nat. Acad. Sci., Washington DC, 24-26 Oct. 1974. Mimeo. (1974) 21 pp. [En] From Winged Beans, IDRC Abs. World Lit. 1900-1977, (1978), 109. Among diseases of winged beans observed in Papua New Guinea is root knot caused by Meloidogyne incognita. 0 2 1 8 LUCKE, E.; SAEFKOW, M. [Investigations on the infection and cyst-development of leteroderaavenae Woll. In maize.] Untersuchungen iber Befall und Zystenbildung durch das Getreidezysteniilchen am Mais. Zeitschrift tir Pflanzenkrankheiten und Pflanzenschutz (1978) 85 (7) 385足 392 [De, en] Inst fdr Angewandte Botanik der Univ. Hamburg, Marseiller Strasse 7, D-2000 Hamburg 36, GFR. The development of Ileterodera avenae race E was observed in the glasshouse in the roots of maize cv. Primeur. Larvae invaded only those roots up to 0.6 mm in diameter; they became orientated with heads towards the root tip and for 2 weeks followed root growth keeping in the region of cell elongation, usually causing necrosis but in a few cases the root reacted with hyperplasy. In severely necrotic roots 2nd足 stage larvae left the decayed tissue and attacked healthy roots thus increasing damage. Males left the roots 39 days afte larval invasion and 8 days later the First eggs appeared in the females. 2nd-stage larvae were found 12 weeks after invasion. New cysts contained an average of 98 eggs and larvae. In a field experiment 10 varieties of silage maize weie grown in lightly (40 viable eggs and larvae/100 cm' soil) and heavily (590 viable eggs and larvae/100 cm' soil) infested plots. Very few cysts were formed on plants in the lightly infested field: on the heavily infested field cv. Forla (maximum 18 cysts/ plant) and Primeur (maximum 26 cysts/plant) were the most heavily infested. All varieties may be judged resistant as regards cyst formation. However, yield losses varied from 5.5% in cv. Anjou to 39.2% in Limac and 38.9% in Primeur; quality, as measured by starch equivalent, varied from an increase of 4.9% in lnrafriih to a loss of 23.1% in Limac.
02 1 3 BULGARIA, B"LGARSKA AKAI)EMI'YA NA NAUKITI:
Third National Conference of Parasitology, Alheita, illgaria, 12-14 Oct. 1977. Summaries.] Treta Natsionatia Konferentsiya po Par.zitologi~a, Albena, Bulgaria, 12-14 X 077. Rezyumcta. Bulgaria. (1977) 253 pp. The folloning 20 papers on plant nematology were ,*ented at this conference, Sto,.NOV. 1). [ototyh,tchmhlu borealis .. a nv,. paramite of mi.ize in Btlgarha] [.bIttc*]. 111-112 [Rn] [Damage to 0214 MAAS, P. W. T.; BRINKMAN, H. maize by Heterodera avenae.] Schade door het mais. bij avenae) (Heterodera havercysteaaltje [NI] 139-144 8 (4) (1977) Gewasbescherming Plantenziektenkundige Dienst (PD), Wageningen, The Netherlands. In 1971/1972 in Holland a correlation was found between soil populations of tteterodera atenae and poor growth areas of maize: cyst numbers varied from 22 to 137/ 200 ml soil. Nearby, in healthy maize, the maximum population was 16 cysts/200 ml, soil. The root systems of the maize exhibited many side roots at the infected point. In one study, 770/eggs and larvae/200 ml soil resulted in a yield reduction of 48% compared with non-infested maize. Ino .ulation with 1300 larvae + eggs/200 ml soil resulted in 276 cysts/30 g maize roots and a yield reduction of 35%. Maize sown in PVC rings containing steamed soil inoculated 2 to 3 months previously with H. avenae showed few cysts on the roots and no reduction in growth when compared with the control plants in July, whereas in similar conditions barley sown in April was heavily infested and growth was reduced. Damage to maize depends on the period of activity of the nematode larvae. When maize is sown in May many H. avenae larvae have been free in the soil for some weeks and are no longer able to invade the roots.
0 1 15 ALAM, M. M.; KHAN, A. M. New host records of the root-knot nematode In North India. Indian Phytopathology (1975, publ. 1976) 28, 540-541 [En] Dep. of Bot., Aligarh Muslim Univ., Aligarh 202001, India. Meloidogyne incognita, from Uttar Pradesh, India, is reported on the following plants for the first time: Abutilon indicum, Commelina nudiflora, Corchorus acutangulus,
.) 2 1 9 POWELL, J. M. Traditional legumes of the New Guinea highlands. (Proceedings of seminar workshop: The development of legumes in Papua New Guinea). Science in New Guinea (1974) 2 (1) 48-63 [En] From Winged Beans, IDRC Abs. World Lit. .900-1977, (1978), 38. The winged bean Psophocarpus tetragonolobus, an important seasonal food in some areas of Papua New Guinea, has been recorded as infested with Meloidogyne incognita.
[Parasitic nematodes 0220 VALOCK,,, B.; SABOVA. M. of lucerne In enstern Slovakia.] Vyskyt parazilickch nemat6dov na lucerne na vychodnoit Slovensku. In Symnprz. o rezist. siacrotn. krtnotii proot chorob,im, .kodcom a in. m nepriazin, podtnienk. prostredi., Picztiy, 1974. Zb. referrov Pietany. Czechoslovakia; Vyd VURV. (1974) 136-140 (Sk, en] From ReferativnyiZhurnal, Biologiya (1976), 7 E770.
115
022 1 GRIFFIN. G.D. Effect of temperature on the root足 knot nematode/alfalfa stem nematode interaction on alfalfa.
Division Meetings, 19/b. Abstract N. PA-14. Proceedings ot the American Ph*topathological Society (1976, publ. 1977) 3, 317 [En] USDA. ARS, Crops Res. Lab., Utah State Univ., Logan, UT 84322, USA.
biological control agent for silver-leat nightshade. Journal of
Nematology (1978) 10 (4) 362-366 [En] Sci. & Education Admin., USDA, Texas Agricultural Experiment St., Lubbock, Texas 79401, USA. A 64,000 sq. km area in Texas, USA was surveyed for the common weed, Solanum elaeagnifolium and the parasite, Norhanguina phyllobia. Nematode galls were found at 42% of the locations in 1975 and 64% in 176. Of 21 soil samples taken, 15 contained infective-stage larvae. Larvae were concentrated at the soil surface and ata depth of 15cm. N. phyllobia was never found in root tissue. Infective-stage larvae remained viable in desiccated galls. Larvae were transmitted in water films to non-infected plants and thy soil where they infested pre-emergent shoots. Parasitism by N.
phyllobia, whichsizeis and specific to S. of elaeagnifolium reduced plant numbers in berries and resulted seeds and could, therefore, be used asa biological control arentd
:.t0222 GRIFFIN, G. D.; TIIYR, B. D. Interaction ot .fleloidogj'ne hapla and Fusarium oxysporum on alfalfa. 17th
Ann. Meet., Soc. of Nematol., Hot Springs, Arkansas, 7-10
Aug. 1978. Abstract Journal of Neniatologs (1978) 10 (4)
289 [En] USDA, Sci. & Education Administration, Crops
Res. Lab., Utah State Univ., Logan, Utah 84322, USA.
When 14-day-old seedlings of a M'eloidogyne hapla
susceptible lucerne variety were inoculated with Ml.hapia
larvae and 30 days later with Fusariun ox)'sporum the
combination significantly reduced growth. The same treatment did not reduce growth of a Al. hapla resistant
variety neither did F. oxsvsporunt affect resistance to M.
hipla. 0223 Rolt, F. The role of l'ratslenchus species in the
root rot of dent corn in late season. Dissertation Abs'racts
International (1978) 3911 (4) 1565-1566 [En, Order No.
781'7805]
Apparently the deselopment of fungal root rot of dent
corn in late season in New York State, USA, is not
influenced by the presence of PratYlcnchus sp. or P.
Penetrans.
0224 R(imt, F.;BOOrlIROYt), C. W. Corn root rot is
not caused by the interaction of species of Fusarium and
Pratylenchus. 68th Ani. Meet., Kansas City, Missouri, 11-15
July, 1976. Abstract No. 183. Proceedings of the American
PhYtopathological Societn (1976, publ. 1977) 3, 244 [En] Dep.
of Plant 'ath., Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
In experiments l'ratvlcnchus penetrans or P. crenatus
infestation caused extensive root damage to maize at high
population levels but F-usariuni spp. did not cause root rot ii
the presence or absence of I'ratylenchusspp. 0 22 5
GRAY,
. A.;SCIIONIIORSI, M. E.; TItOMi'SoN, R.
lt
tRAMI,1.K. A.; RE/K,
M.A.
CASTILO, M. B.; ALiR, M. S.; LtstNGEt,
. A.
Pathological reactions and yield loss of mung bean to known
patoo rtins an ios nd
beoikown
populations of Rotylenchulus ac-rita. l'hihippine Agriculturist reniformis (1977, publ.and1978) Meloidogync 61 (I/2) 2 [] po lt Path., Co7, oAg. UP., Lo/ anos Coll. Laguna Philippines. Thenptholgical reactinsf The pathological reactions of mung bean [Phaseolus
Inungo] to a combination of Rotylenchulus reniformis and Aeloidogyne acrita and to M. acrita alone in pot, microplot and field conditions in Laguna, Philippines were studied. Seedlings were grown for 22 days in 5 cm diameter pots containing 250 cc of baked soil with or without an inoculum of R. renifomis and M. acrita together or M. acrita alone. Plants and soil were then translerred to 30 cm diameter pots or Imt microplots containing baked soil or to field plots which were almost nematode-free following trap-cropping and application of carbofuran. At transplanting there were no apparent differences in top growth between non-infected plants and plants infested with R. reniformis and M. acrita. Roots of infested plants were lightly necrotic and darkly coloured. Leaf chlorosis was observed 4 days after transplanting. Stunting began between the 5th and 6th days. Death occurred after 11days in the field. The root systems were reduced, very severely necrotic, lightly galled and partly rotted. Infested plants flowered 2, 5 and 2 days earlier than non-infested plants in pots, microplots and field plots, respectively. The nematode population increased during the experimental period: R. reniformis 9.7 times, M. acrita 16.4 times in pots. 4.4 and 7.2 times respectively in microplots in the field there were 109 R. reniformis/250 cc soil and and I g root sample and < I M. acrita. Yield joss from infested plants in the field was at least 61.5%. Plats infested with M. acrita only showed leaf chlorosis 5 days after transplanting and the extent of chlorosis was related to moisture content in the field. Stunting first showed 8 and 12 days after transplanting in pots and field, respectively. Some plants died after 15 days. The rootgalled system reduced, moderately necrotic, very severely and was partly rotted. The nematode population increased 24.4 times during experiments in pots. A 28% yield loss was estimated to have resulted from infestation in the field. " 0229 UPADIIYAY, K. D.; SWARUP, G. Reaction of some maize varieties against Tylenchorhynchus vulgaris. Indian Journal of Nematology (1976 publ. 1978) 6 (1)105足 106 [En] Div. of Nematology, Indian Agric. Res. Inst., New Delhi 110012, India. Tylenchorhynchus vulgaris was inoculated on 10-day-old seedlings of 17 varieties of maize grown singly in pots and the nematode population was estimated after 90 days growth. up to over 40,000 on 3 varieties and to 11,000 to 12,000 on 3 others, showing that the nematodes had different preferences for the different maize varieties. Growth of all varieties but one (Ganga-2 with 21,700 nematodes, and the most stunted) was equally affected.
Reaction of
corn to Afeloidogyne javanica and ,1.incognita. 17th Anti.
Meet., Soc. of Nematol., Ilot Springs, Arkansas, 7-10 Aug.
1978 Abstract. Journal of Nematology (1978) 10 (4) 289-290
[En] Dep. ofEevnt. Plant Path., Coll. of Agric., Alexandria Univ., Alexandria.
0227 Kett. W. R. Multiple pest resistance in alfalfa. Agricultural Research (1978) 26 (10) 3-4 [En] 333 Keim
02 28
From an inoculum of 1,000 nematodes the population built
K. Occurrence of stem nematode resistance in non-winter-
hardy alfalfas. 68th Ann. Meet., Kansas City, Missouri 11-15
July, 1976. Abstract No. 184. l'roceedings of the American
Phvtopathological Society (I176. publ. 1Q77) 3, 244 [En)
Univ. of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721. LISA.
Lucerne varieties which are non-winter-hardy have been
used to develop strains with resistance to Ditlenchu. dipsaci. "r02 26
Hall, Univ. otNebraska, Lincoln NE 68583, USA. The estimated annual loss in crop value resulting from diseases and nematodes on lucerne is 25%. There are varieties resistant to 9 pests includitg stem nematode [Ditylenchus dipsaci]. Resistance screening procedures for 18 pests. including northern root-knot nematode, [Aeloidogyne haphla exist.
116
:0 230 ToWNSIEND, 1. L. Infectivity of Prat'lenchus penetrans on alfalfa. Journal of Nematology (1978) 10 (4) 318-323 [Ent Res. Sta.. Res. Branch, Agric. Canada, Vineland Sta., Ontario, Canada LOR 2EO. Penetration by Pratylenchus penctrans, females, males and 3rd-stage larvae, occurred along lucerne roots from behind the root-cap to the junction of the root and hvpocotyl. Females penetrated from 5 to 35'C with a maximum Fmlspntae rm5t 5Cwt aiu between ewe
10 to 30'C. Males and larvae could only penetrate between 10 to 30"C with a maximum at 20'C. In a 96 It period, at 20'C, 80% of females penetrated, 43% of males and 30% of larvae. Rate of penetration showed a logarithmic increase with a plateau at 48 h (females), 60 h (males) and 84 h (larvae). The
area ol the longitudinal section ot the subventral oesophageal (female), 157 p (male) and 14b penetration gland was 338 &1 ,it (larvae). Inoculum densities of I or 20 fiemales/seedling gave similar percentage penetration. When nematodes were stored at 5'C. in 0.1% streptomycin solution, for up to 141 days the percentage penetration by females remained constant but penet:ation by the males and larvae declined after 35 days. Females dissected front lesions failed to penetrate new roots and 80% died within 72 h.
fibrous roots than in coarse roots. 1 reatment with aldicarb, carbofuran, CGA-12223 and ethoprop at 2.24 kg a.i./ha reduced the nematode numbers in the fibrous roots. In the field tests only aldicarb or ethoprop treatment significantly reduced the numbers in the coarse roots, but all treatments reduced the numbers in the coarse roots in the glasshouse experiment. Aldicarb and ethoprop were more effective than CGA-1223 or carbofuran in both field and glasshouse experiments.
Interaction 0 2 3 1 SIIARMA, N. K.; SETIII, C. L. between Aseloidogyne incognita and Heterodera cajani on cowpea. Indian Journal of Nematology (1976 publ. 1978) 6 (1) 1-12 [En] Division of Nematology, Indian Agric. Res. Inst., New Delhi 110012, India. Maximum population increases of Meloidogyne incognita and Heterodera cajani were obtained by inoculating Vigna sinensis (cowpea) plants with 200 larvae of each species separately/g soil. Higher inoculum levels reduced the final populations. The number of galls formed by Al. incognita and number of cysts of I. cajani when the 2 species were inoculated together were less than when they were inoculated singly at the same level. M. incognita showed depressed galling and reproduction rates in the presence of H. cajani. H. cajani showed a reduction in the number of cysts but no reduction in reproduction rate. The penetration rate of A. incognita was 63.6% for an inoculum of 50 larvae and 49.8% for 100 larvae and for H. cajani 78.0 and 65.6% respectively. There was evidence thiAt H. cajani penetrated faster (48.75% at 4 days) than M. incognita (28% at 8 days). 9.62% of H. cajani larvae and 1.2% of M incognita larvae developed into males. H. cajani had a 19-day life-cycle and Al. incognita a 26-day lite-cycle.
0 236 LINGE, D. S. Studies on the root-knot of winged足 bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC.) in Papua New Guinea. Thesis, Department of Agriculture, University of Papua New Guinea. (1976) 46 pp. tEn] Aleloidogyne incognita was confirmed as the species attacking Psophocarpus tetragonolobus in Papua New Guinea. In the field, larvae entered seedling roots within a week of planting and adult females and galls were observed after 4 weeks. Larvae hatched from eggsacs most readily at 25"C: slightly fewer hatched at 30' and 37' (47.1 and 51.1% respectively after 3 days) and at 5"and 15" the cumulative hatch after 7 days was 3.3 and 31.9% respectively. In a pot experiment galls were found after 4 weeks with an inoculum of 4 larvae/g soil. M. incognita from winged bean reproduced on tomato cv. T45 New Zealand. 02 3 7 NIGERIA, INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TROPICAL Annual report 1977. lbadan, Nigeria. AGRICULTU.E (1978?) v + 98pp [En, Plant nematology pp. 68-69] Mulches were tested over a 3 year period as modifiers of the plant parasitic nematode population on maize, cassava, cowpea and soybean crops. In the 3rd year soil populations were similar under soybean tops, rice, straw, maize cobs, cassava stems, pigeon pea stems and on control p!ots. Plots mulched with mixed twigs, Pennisetuoi straw, pigeon pea tops, rice husks, oil palm leaves, black plastic and fine gravel continued to show a decline in nematode population. Other mulches gave a mixed response. The mean numbers of nematodes were higher than in previous years and higher than the preplant mean. Nematode populations were largest under maize. Pratylenchus sefaensis and P. brachyurus were the most abundant species. Other commonly occurring genera included Helicotylenchus and Mcloidogyne.
Chemical 0232 DICKSON, D. W.: WAITES, K. E. control of Trichodorus christiei, Pratylenchus zeae, P. brachyurus and Criconemoides sp. on field corn in Florida. 17th Ann. Meet., Soc. Nematol., Hot Springs, Arkansas, 7-10 Aug. 1978. Abstract. Journal of Nematology (1978) 10 (4) 285 [En] Dep. of Entomol. & Nematol., Univ. of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA. Maize yields were significantly increased by treatment with all the nematicides tested except DBCI (4.7 I/ha) and parathion (1.7 kg/ha). Twelve of the 19 treatments resulted in average yield increases of at least 1000 kg/ha over control plots. The largest yield increase (2,623 kg/ha) was on plots treated with 1,3-D at 46.8 I/ha.
[Dltylenchus dipsacl (Kiin) in 0238 BRZESKI, M. W. field bean seeds.] Ditylenchus dipsaci (Kiihn) w nasionach bobu. Roczniki Nauk Rolniczych, E (1978) 8 (1) 71-74 [PI, en, rul Inst. Warzywnictwa, Skierniewice, Poland. Ditylenchus dipsaci was found in one sample of field bean, Vicia faba, seeds in Poland. This population reproduces also on pea, onion, parsley and celeriac.
0 2 3 3 NAGANATHAN, T. G.; SIVAKUMAR, C. V. Control of the lesion nematode Pratylenchus delattrei Luc, 1958 on maize. Indian Journal of Nematology (1976 publ. 1978) 6 (I) 32-38 [En] Dep. of Entomology, Tamil Nadu Agric. Univ., Coimbatore 641003, India. A significant reduction in Pratylenchus delattrei populations in maize roots was found in plots treated with carbofuran or aldicarb (both at 25 kg/ha) or aldicarb (1.0 kg/ha) at the time of sowing. Fensulphothion treatment had no significant effect. All the treatments, except aldicarb 1.0 kg/ha, gave significantly higher yields of grain and cob than untreated plots,
':0239 FORTUNER, R.; FAUQUET, C.; LOURD, M. Diseases of the winged bean in Ivory Coast. Plant Disease Reporter (1979) 63 (3) '94-199 [En] Nematology Dep., Office de la Recherche Scientifique ct Technique, Outre-Mer (ORSTOM), BP V-51, Abidjan, Ivory Coast. The incidence of nematodes and other pathogens on winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus) in the Ivory Coast was investigated. In July 1977 a field plot had a small Pratylenchus brachyurus infestation but no Meloidogyne infestation. By the following November the roots were Tgalled and by January 1978 they were heavily n lstedby loss of Meloidogyne spp. resulting in an estimated tubers. Preliminary experiments suggested that carbofuran (5g/plant) might control the nematode.
Effects of intercropping maize 0 2 3 4 SINGii, N. D. with soybean on crop yields and populations of several plantparasitic nematodes. 17th Ann. Meet., Soc. Nematol.. Hot Springs, Arkansas. 7-10 Aug. 1978. Abstract. Journal of Nematology (1978) 10 (4) 299 [En] Caribbean Agric. Res. & Development Inst., Univ. of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad, West Indies. Population changes of ::.0235 ZIRAKPARVAR, M. E. Pratylenchus hexincisus as influenced by chemicals in fibrous and coarse roots of corn. Plant Disease Reporter (1979) 63 (I) 55-58 [En] Dep. of Bot. and Plant Path., Iowa State Univ., Ames 50011, USA. In field and glasshouse experiments the numbers of PratYlenchus hexincisuslg dry root of maize were larger in
.
117
Aggregated distribution of 024 0 GREEN, C. D. Dltylenchus dipsaci on broad bean seeds. Annals of Applied Biology (1979) 92 (2) 271-274 [En] National Vegetable Res. Sta., Wellesbourne, Warwick, UK. The distribution of Ditylenchus dipsaci between seeds in infested samples of broad bean lVicia faba] seed was skewed so that the nematodes were concentrated on a few seeds. Such aggregation increases the likelihood of reproduction by the nematodes in infe.ted plants and the consequent
establishment of foci of infestation in the soil. These loci will be small and scattered giving the nematode the best chance of finding a favourable environment in the field. The numbers of foci of infestation introduced by seed tend to be nearly constant, independent of the numbers of nematodes on the seed and therefore provide a stable unit of nonulation. *0241 GREEN, C. D.; StME, S. The dispersal of Ditylenchus dipsaci with vegetable seeds. Annals of Applied Biology (1979) 92 (2) 263-270 [En] National Vegetable Res. Sta., Wellesbourne, Warwick, UK. Commercial seed samples of 7 vegetable crops in Britain, were examined for the preence of t &-,hi ,i,,",, 45% of seed stocks of broad bean (Vicia faba), red beet [lieta vulgaris] and carrots [Daucus carot.], 14 to 17% of shallots [Allium ascalonicum] and runner beans [?Phaseolus coccincus] and >3% of peas [Pisuen sativuni], onions [A.
cepa] and leeks [A. porrum] were infested. No nematodes were found in seeds of chive [A. schoenoprasum] or dwarf bean [Phaseolus vulgaris]. 0 24 2 Sitw, D. E. Diseases of some of the major food
crops in Papua New Guinea and some aspects of quarantine,
In lroceedings of Papua New Guinea Food Crops Conference, Port Moresbv, Department of Primary Industr',
Papua New Guinea. (1975) 251-256 [En] Winged Beans,
IDRC Abs. World Lit. 1900-1977, (1978), 181.
Root knot nenatode has been recorded [on winged bean]
in Papua New Guinea but severe infestations have not been
reported. 0243 KttAN, f. A.; AttNA, M. New seies of
Helicotylenchus (Steiner 1945) with the description of Helicotylenchus buxophilus from West Pakistan. Agriculture Pakistan (1970) 21 (2) 215-221 [En]
ttelicotylenchus leucernis n.sp. is described and illustrated from soil around the roots of lucerne in Pakistan.
It is most closely related to I. digonicusand H.dihystcra but
can be distinguished b' the comparatively anterior location of
the spear, by the location of the oesophagus and the narrow
lateral field. H. bu ophilus is also described and revised from
cultivated land isingiven. Pakistan. A key to the species of
Helicotylentchus
02 4 4 SIDDII, M. K. Four new species of Xiphinema
Cobb, 1913 (Nematoda: Dorylaimida) from East Africa.
Revue de Ninmatologie (1979) 2 (I) 51-64 [En, fr]
Commonwealtlh Inst. of Helminthology, 103 St. Peter's St.,
St. Albans, Hens, UK.
Xiphinema ncobasiri n.sp. from soil around potato and
tomato roots at Limbe, Malawi is close to X. basin but is larger (L =3.29 to 3.92 mam), has a more expanded l
region and the female tail is > 1.5 body widths long and tail
peg one-fifth of the tail length (one-third in X. basin). X.
michelluci n.sp. from soil around the roots of unthrifty, stunted plants of Ricinus colnnlunis at Zomba, Malawi, resembles X.seredouense but differs in its lon, angular, offset lip region, shorter odontostyle (122 to 129 against 146 to 162 pjm), longer odontophore (77 to 85 against 62 to 76 pm), more anterior guiding ring, more anterior vulva and in having
the uterus filled with spiny, spore-like bodies. No males were
found with these 2 species . heynsi n.sp. occurred round
the roots of Medicago sativa at South Kilimanjaro, Tanzania, males. females and juveniles being found. It is most like X. clvatum but has a conoid, rounded, continuous lip region, a tapering, not clavate female tail and a shorter odontostyle (107 to 114 against 107 to 127 MLm) and odontophore (71 to 77 against 78 to 90 Mm). From the same location males, females and larvae of X. mammatum n.sp. are described. X maenmatrum is recognized by its hemispherical terminus bearing a large, offset peg and by the presence of stellate spines in the uterus. It differs from X. mammillatum in its more slender body (a = 67 in the female, 70 to 81 in the male, against 43 to 51 in X. mammillatum), and longer tail (46 jum including peg against 28 to 38 ;.m in X. mammillatum).
0 24 5 SINGHl, S. P. A new species of the genus Deladenus Thorne, 1941 and Tylenchorhynchus Cobb, 1913 from Lucknow, India. Indian Journal of Zootomy (1974, publ. 1976) 15 (3) 187-192 [En] Dep. of Zool., Univ. of Lucknow, Lucknow, India. Females of Deladenus indicus n.sp. were found roots of Dolichoslablab heavily galled by Meloidogyne insp.the at Lucknow, India. The mena measurements are L = 0.68 mm, a =21.5,b =8.8, c = 23, V =91% stylet = 6.2 jm and tail 2.6 times the anal body width. The lateral field occupies about one-third of the body width and has I1 longitudtnal incisures, the number remaining the same in the vulval region, with II additional longitudinal wavy lines between them. Tite prodelphic ovary isoutstretched, reaching to the dorsal oesophageal gland or beyond. The excretory pore is just in front of the nerve ring, which is at the base of the fusiform median oesophageal bulb; the hemizonid is well behind the excretory pore and covers 3 body annules. The new species is characterized by the form of ihe lateral field, the positions of the excretory pore, nerve ring and hemizonid, the width of the annules (6 to 9 cover 10 ltm) and the shape and size of the weakly developed stylet. This is the first member of the genus Deladenus recorded from India. Tylenchorhynchus spinaceai n.sp. from the soil around roots of Spinacea oleracca at Lucknow, India is 0.6 to 0.84 mm long with a = 22.5 in females, 28.5 in males, and clearly offset head with 4 annules. The body annulations are prominent in females, less so in males and there are 4 Iongitudinal incisures. The stylet averages 16.3 Am in females, 19.8 t±m in males, and is robust with well-developed, anteriorly pointed basal knobs. The nerve ring is 13 pMm behind the median oesophageal bulb; the excretory pore is behind the nerve ring, 90 .m from the anterior end of the body. There is a spermatheca in the female the phasmids are in the anterior third of the tail. Details ofand the morphology of T. spinaceaiare comlared with several other species of the genus. 024 6 SIDDIQI, M. R. Seven new species In a new nematode subfamily Duosulllnae (Tylencbldae), with proposats for Duosulcius gen.n., Zanenc'us gen.n. and Neomalenchus gen.n. Nematologica (1979) 25 (2) 215-236
[En, de] Commonwealth Inst. of Helminthology, St. Albans,
Hens., A UK.
new subfamily of Tylenchidac, Duosulciinae n.subfam,, is proposed to accommodate species with only 2 incisures (or a single ridge) in the lateral field. A key to the 6
genera of the Duosulciinae; Malenchus, Neomalenchus n.g.,
Zanenchus n.g., Duosulcius n.g., Miculenchus and Ottolenchus, is presented. Duosulcius n.g. differs from
Zanenchus n.g. in having a non-muscular, non-valvate median
bulb and from Neomalenchus n.g. in that the body does not
taper markedly behind the vulva, the cephalic region is not dorso-ventrally compressed and the curved vagina is strongly
cuticularized. D. acutus n.sp. (females only) is the type
species and the female is described and illustrated from bush
soil in Nigeria. Zanenchus n.g. differs from Miculenchus in having a curved cuticularized vagina, the absence of a post vulval uterine sac and the presence of a bursa. Z. zanclus
n.sp., the type species, is described and illustrated from soil
around the roots of Pennisetum purpureum in Malawi: the tail tapers to a slender terminus which is hooked. Z.salmae n.sp. is described and illustrated from 3 females collected in peaty soil around the roots of horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum) in Bedfordshire, England. It differs from Z. zanclus in having a less slender body (a = 25 to 27 against 36 to 40 in Z. zanclus), annules bearing fine longitudinal indentations, a more posterior vulva (V = 65 to 67 against 61 to 63 in Z.zanclus), a smaller number of annules between the vulva and anus and a tail terminus which is not hooked. Neomalenchus n.g. differs from Malenchus in having a spindle-shaped median oesoplageal bulb that lacks muscle fibres and valvular apparatus. The type species, N. ovalis n.sp., is described and illustrated from soil around the roots of Capsicum annuum in Brunei. N. malawiensis n.sp. is described from soil around the roots of Eucalyptus saligna (type host) and Pennisetum purpureum in Malawi. It differs from N. ovalis in having coarser body annules between the vulva and anus and bigger sperm. Malenchus sulcus n.comb. 118 is proposed for Ottolenchus sulcus and M. fusiformis n.comb.
Treatments with the herbicides chlorpropham (isopropyl m-chlorocarbinilate), DCPA (dimethyl tetrachloroterephithala足 te), and UPTC (S-ethyl dipropy!thiocarbamate), alone or in combination with Meloidogyne hapla, significantly reduced the growth of both nematode-resistant 'Nev Syn XX' and susceptible 'Ranger' alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) seedlings. M. hapla infection of both alfalfas was reduced by all herbicides because of fewer available infective courts in the treated plants. EPIC, however, reduced resistance to M. hapla, as indicated by increased galling of 'Nev Syn XX' plants,
for 0. fusiformis. M. nanellus n.sp. is described from soil around the roots of Zea mays in Nigeria. It differs from M. acarayensis in being more slender (a = 24 to 30 against 20 to 24 in M. acarayensis) with finer annules, in having a more anterior vulva (V = 57.8 to 61.6 against 64 to 66) and a tail 1.5 to 2.1 times the vulva-anus distance long (1.3 to 1.4 in M. acarayensis). M. tantalus n.sp. is described from soil around the roots of tomato (type host), P. purpureum and Saccharum sp. in Malawi. It differs from M. acaravensis in having lateral fields originating some distance behind the spear base, a smaller T/V-A ratio (0.96 to 1.13) and in having a straight elongate-conoid tail with straight, pointed terminus. M. tantalus differs from M. andrassyi in having a shorter female tail with a sharply pointed but not hooked tip (hooked in M. andrassyi), a smaller spear (8 pm against 10 to II pim in M. andrassyi) and coarser body annules (1.4 p.m wide in mid-body against 1.0 to 1.3 p-m in . andrassyt).
Interrelationship 0252 SIHARMA, N. K.; SETIt, C. L. between Meloidogyne incognita, Heteroders cajani and Rhizobium sp. on eowpea (lien? sinensis (L.) .evil Indian Journal of Nematology (1976, publ. 1979) 6 (2) 117-123 [En] Division of Nematology, Indian Agric. Res. Inst., New Delhi足 110012, India. In a pot experiment Vigna sinensis seedlings were inoculated with Meloidogyne incognita. Heterodera cajani and Rhizobium singly or in combination. Both nematode species significantly reduced plant growth, nodulation and shoot nitrogen content. Symptoms following inoculation with both species together were more severe than with either species alone. Both species penetrated and developed in root nodules. M. incognita reduced the nitrogen content more than H. cajani. Inoculation with rhizobia reduced cyst formation but not gall formation.
Observations on o2 4 7 TAYLOR, D. P.; Luc, M. Sarisodera africana (Nematoda: Heteroderidae): redescription of anterior end of females and occurrence of juveniles with aberrant tails. Revue de Ntnatologie (1979) 2 (I) 111-114 [En] Lab. de Nimatol., ORSTOM, B.P. 1386, Dakar, Senegal. Entire females of Sarisodera africana were obtained from roots of Panicum maximum in hydroponic culture and the anterior region is described for the first time. The "neck" is small, usually bent at a right angle to the long axis of the body and the cuticle is 1.5 to 2 m thick. The oval oral aperture is in the centre of a roughly rectangular first annule or labial disc: no papillae or amphids were seen. The stylet is thin. curved, 25 to 27 tim long with rounded, backward sloping knobs and the dorsal oesophageal gland opening is 3 pm behind them. There is a well-developed muscular median bulb 25 to 30 by 22 to 25 pm in size; only one nucleus was seen in the ovoid basal bulb; the excretory pore is level with the base of the oesophagus. Of juveniles hatched from cysts in water 5% had aberrant tails,
Influence of 0253 SIIARMA, N. K.; SETIi, C. L. Meloldogyne incognita and Heterodera cajani on carbohydrate content of cowpea. Indian Journal of Nematology (1976, publ. 1979) 6 (2) 171-173 [En] Division of Nematology, Indian Agric. Res. Inst., New Delhi, India. Seedlings of Vigna sinensis (varieties Pusa Barsati and Barsati mutant) were inoculated with 1000 Meloidogyne incognita or Heterodera cajani larvae. 45 days after inoculation infection with M. incognita had resulted in an increase in non-reducing sugars in the shoots of both varieties and an increase in reducing sugars in Pusa Barsati. The sugar content of the roots decreased. Infestation with H. cajani decreased reducing sugar concentration in the shoots of both varieties and increased the non-reducing sugar content in the shoots and decreased it in the roots. Accumulation of non足 reducing sugars in shoots of H. cajani-infested plants was more marked than in shoots of M. incognita-infested plants. Nematode infection increased the total carbohydrate content and affected the ratio of reducing/total so,ble carbohydrate.
HuNT, 0. J.; HARTMAN, B. J.; TIiYR, B. D.; Registration of alfalfa germplasm, NMPPEADEN, R. N. 9 (Reg. No. G.P. 93). Crop Science (1978) 18 (4) 697 [En] Nev. Agric. Exp. Sta., Reno, USA. From Plant Breeding Abstracts 49 (4), 2794. The lucerne germplasm, NMP-9, is resistant to 3 Nevada, USA region populations of Meloidogyne hapla. 024 8
The :*-02 5 4 TAHA, A. H. Y.; KASSAD, P.. S. histopathologlcal reactions of Vigna sinensis to separate and concomitant parasitism by Mfeloldogyne Javanica and Rotylenchulus reniformis. Journal of Nematology (1979) 11 (2) 117-123 [En] Plant Protection Dept., Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams Univ., Cairo, Egypt. In a pot experiment seedlings of Vigna sinensis were inoculated with 2 egg masses of Meloidogynejavanica or 50 egg masses of Rotylenchulus reniformis or both together. Histopathological examination of the infected tissue showed that M. javanica initiated giant cells in the vascular parenchyma and syncytia in the cortex of bacterial nodules. R. reniformis caused mild hypertrophy of pericycle and endodermal cells in roots and nodules. Syncytia were also formt.d in roots and nodules. A ring of hypertrophied pericycle cells was formed as a result of multiple infections with R. reniformis. In the plants infected with both species, each species produced its own characteristic response independently.
[Annual report 02 4 9 SVERIGES UTSADESFORENING 1977/78.] Arsredovisning 1977/78. Svalov, Sweden. (1978) 101 pp. [Sv] Froni Plant Breeding Abstracts 49 (4), 2339, 2344. Selection for resistance to Ditylenchus dipsaci in lucerne variety, Lesina, has given variety Sv0672 which is being included in trials. 02 50 BoPAIAH, B. M.; PATIL, R. B.; REDDY, D. D. R. Effect of Meloidogyne javanica on nodulation and symbiotic nitrogen fixation in mung, Vigna radiata. Indian Journal of Nematology (1976, publ. 1979) 6 (2) 124-130 [En] Dep. of Microbiology, Univ. of Agric. Sciences, Hebbal, Bangalore, India. In a pot experiment Vigna radiata seedlings were inoculated with 3000 Meloidogyne javanica larvae/pot and with Rhizobiurn either before nematode inoculation, at the same time or several days later. Nematode infection retarded plant growth but if the plants were inoculated with rhizobia simultaneously, or 2 to 7 days later, growth was normal. Nodulation was significantly reduced when nematode inoculation preceded rhizobia inoculation. The nitrogen content was significantly higher when Rhizobium inoculation preceded nematode infection, Effects of :'0 2 5 1 GRIFFIN, G. D.; ANDERSON, J. L. DCPA, EPTC, and ehlorpropham on pathogenicity of Meloidogyne hapla to alfalfa. Journal of Nematology (1979) 11 (1) 32-36 [En] Utah State Univ., Logan, .Utah 84322, USA.
119
The possible status of parasitic 02 55 WALTERS, M. C. nematodes as limiting factors In maize production in South Africa. In Proceedings of the 2nd South African maize breeding Symposium, 17-19 March, 1976, Pietermaritzburg, Natal. Organized by the Department of Agricultural Technical Services. Publication No. 2. (Edited by H.O. Gevers). South Africa. (1979) 112-118 [En, Discussion pp. 118-122. Technical Communication No. 142] A survey of plant-parasitic nematodes was made in the major maize-producing areas of South Africa. The dominant
and most widely distributed nematodes were Pratylenchus brachyurus, P. zeae, P. penetrans, Scutellonema brachyurum,.
Rotylenchus spp., Rotylenchulus spp. and Trichodorus spp.
Most of the genera were more common in the sandier soils.
Pot trials and field observat,.ts indicated that growth of
maize was adversely affecteu ,y Pratylenchus spp. and
Trichodorus spp. Preliminary field trials with methyl bromide
and granular nematicides have resulted in increased growth in
treated plots. Further investigations into the occurrence of
nematodes in m-aize culture in South Africa is needed.
752 40 weeks after treatment in phenamiphos, fensulfothion, DBCP and nontreated plots, respectively. Densities of M. ornata were reduced in DBCP treated plots only. :'.0260 ToWNSIIEND, J. L.; POTTER, J. W. Inhibiting infection of alfalfa seedlings by Pratylenchus penetrnns by treating seed with oxamyl. Canadian Journal of Plant Science (1979) 59 (2) 519-520 [En] Agrie. Canada, Res. Sta., Vineland Sta., Ontario, Canada LOR 2EO. Soaking lucerne seeds in aqueous oxamyl solutions for 17 hours at concentrations exceeding 2000 ppm reduced infection of seedlings by Pratylenchus penetrans. At a concentration of 32000 ppm there was no infection.
0 2 5 6 SINGHt, J.; RAO, A. S. H. Quantitative estimation
of viable Heterodera cyst in Arhar (Cijanus cajan) field at Varanasi. Indian Journal of Zootomy (1974) 14 (I) 19-21
[En] Dep. of Entomology, Fac. of Agric., Banaras Hundu
Univ., Varanasi 221005, India.
A survey of Heterodera cajani in a Cajanus cajan field in
Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India from October 1970 to April
1971 shoved that the cyst population was lowest in January
when soil emperatures were low and high in April when soil
temperatu- ,s had increased.
0261 TURNER, G. 0. Effects of soil fumigation with 1,3-dichloropropene and 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane on yields of cotton, lima beans and tomatoes. Down to Earth (1979) 35 (3) 4-8 [En] Dow Chemical USA, Davis, California, USA. Soil fumigation of cotton crops with 1,3-D or DBCP gave yields of 1.86 and 1.74 bales/acre respectively with 1.43 for the untreated control. Control of Meloidogyne spp. averaged 81% for 1,3-D treatment and 85% for DBCP. Lima bean [Phasolus lunatus] yield was increased 36% by 1,3-D and 9% by DBCP. Nematode control was 96% with both chemicals. Higher tomato yields were obtained with 1,3-D (45%) titan with DBCP (20%) and nematode control was approximately 70%.
0257 BADRA, T.; ELGINDt, D. M. Single and double
combinations of nematicides against Rotylenchulus reniformis
and- Tylenchulus semipenetrans infecting cowpea and citrus,
Revue de Nimatologie (1979) 2 (I) 23-27 [En, fr Nemwl.
Res. Centre, Fac. of Agric., Cairo Univ., Giza, Egypt.
In a glasshouse experiment, the effects of 7 nematicides
singly and in combination on Rotylenchulus reniformis on
Vigna sinensis and Tylenchulus semipenetrans on Citrus
aurantifolia were tested. All treatments decreased nematode
numbers and most increased plant growth. Plants treated
with cihoprop (24 and 36 kg/ha) or phenamiphos (24 and 36
kg/ha) did not grow well. The best results were obtained with
fensulphothion (18 kg/ha) plus DBCP (18 kg/ha) or oxamyl
(18 kg/ha) plus DI3CP (IS kg/ha).
02 62 WALTERS, M. C. Present status of knowledge of nematode damage and control in South Africa. Proc. 3rd S.A.
Maize Breeding Symp., Dep. Agric. Tech. Serv.,
Potchefstroom, 21-23 Mar. 1978. Ed. by: J. G. Du Plessis.
Pub]. No.3. Technical Communication, Department of
Agricultural Technical Services, Republic of South Africa (1979) No. 152, 62-66 [En] In a number of field trials at sites where Pratylenchus zeae was always and Trichodorus spp. usually present, nematicides evaluated measuring maize applied
yield increases after were treatment. Methylbybromide fumigation under plastic at 0.5 kg/10 m gave a 128% yield increase and
carbofuran at 2 g/m row gave a 33% increase. Carbofuran
was the most promising of the non-fumigant nematicides
tested. In an indicator trial with D-D the average yield
increase for the 7 tested sites was 37.6% and the range from
14 to > 60%. In fertilizer trials nematicide treatment
increased nutrient uptake by 2.6% for N, 12.77 for P and
17.9% for K. The percent yield increase following fumigation
wahieropltofownretsaushnonhsef was higher on plots of low nutrient status than on those of high nutrient status. Nematode damage to maize was more severe when there was an interaction with root-rot organisms or under dr) conditions.
0 2 5 8 JOIINSON, A. W.; DOWLER, C. C.; MORGAN, L. W.
Influence of organic pesticides on nematodes, weeds, and
insects and on yield of field corn. Research Bulletin, Georgia
University, Agricultural Eperient Stations (1978) No. 223, In a 2-year field experiment the effect of ethoprop,
fensulphothion or carbofuran at 6 tb/acre on control of
nematodes on maize (Zea ays) was tested. All nematicide treatments reduced Criconmoides astesand M aloidone
incognita populations, in 1973, and Pratylenc us spp. were
indcdnt tpropons, in97,and tratment sIp were
reduced by ethroprop or carbofuran treatment. In 1974, only
fensulphothion treatment' reduced M. incognita populations, which were low, and the low populations of Pratylenchus
spp. were only reduced on plots which had been treated by
the herbicide butylateninladdition to a nematicide.
the erbcidebutlatein ddiion owereanernticde. Belonolaimus longicaudatus populations reduced on butylate and nematicide treated plots. Average yields were increased 12% by nematicide treatment and the increase was related to the control of C. ornatus, M. incognita and
Pratylenchus spp.
0 2 5 9 LUCAS, L. T. Control of Belonotaimus longicaudatus on bermudagrass golf greens. Ann. Meet. Amer. Phytopath. Soc., S. Div., 4-7 Feb., 1979. Abstract S35. Phytopathology (1979) 69 (1) IA6 (En] Dep. of Plant Path., NC State Univ., Raleigh, NC 27607, USA. Poor growth of 'Tifton 328' bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) on golf greens with sandy soil along the coast of North Carolina was associated with Belonolaimus longicaudatus. An average of 400 B. longicaudatus and 966 Macroposthonia ornata /500 cm3 of soil were found in soil samples before treatment with nematicides. Phenamiphos, fensulfothion and 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane (DBCP) were applied as granules a, 0.2, 0.2 and 0.64 kg (a.i.)/93 m2 , respectively, on August 8, 1977. Turf quality ratings (9 being the best quality) were 6.2, 6.2, 4.7 and 2.7 4 weeks after treatment and 8.7, 4.0, 4.0 and 4.0 40 weeks after treatment in phenamiphos, fensulfothion, DBCP and nontreated plots, respectively. Densities ol B. longicaudatus were 160, 100, 315 and 1390 4 weeks after treatment, and 106, 823, 406 and
120
026" SItuSTP'ROv, A. A. [Dynamics of parasitic nematodes on Trifeldinm pratensc.1 Byulleten' Vsesoyuznogo Instituta Gel'nintologif int. K.L Skryabita (1981) No.31, 98足 104 [Ru, en, 8 ref.] The seasonal variation in the number,; of the specific plant pathogenic nematodes of T. pratense - Pratylenchus pratensis, 1)'lenchorhynchus dubius and Paratylenchus projectus - in the roots, rhizosphere and soil were studied [in tle European SSR]. Vegetative stages (flowering and preparation for winter), humidity < 16%, large numbers of predatory nentatodes, antagonism, numbers ot' bacteria and fungi, ploughiug and crop rotation had a limiting effect on P. projectus populations. Oft.n, 4th stage larvae were the dominant stage in the soil. Migration from roots to, rhiosphere to soil, and vice-versa and into deep soil layers. was often observed. All thwse factors and, especially antagonism with 1' projectus aitd with species of Tylenchus, Aglenchus and Filenchus also influenced the population dynamics of T. dubius. Peak numbers of T. dubius coincided with low numbers of P. projectus. Pratylenchus pratensis had little influence on population dynamics and was found mainly in small roots at 25 to 60 cm.
0 2 6 4 SOSAMMA, V. K.; KoSIty, P. K. Additional hosts of the burrowing nematode, Radopholus s/milis, infesting coconut palm In South India. Plant Disease Reporter (1977) 61 (9) 760-761 [En] Nematology Lab., Central Plintation Crops Res. Inst., Regional Sta., Krishnapuram, Kerala, S. India 690533. In tests in South India on plants of 24 species in 16 families, only Adenanthera pavoniA Tainarind, indica. Vicia faba, Careya arboreA Lagenaria t'ulgaris, Cucurbita peao, Trichosanthes anguina, Ficus reigiosa and Phoenix dactyifera were recorded as host for Radopholus simiis. All, except C ppo, arc new host records. 026 5 MERNY, G.; NErSCHER, C. [Heterodera gambiensis n.sp. (Nematoda: Tylenchida), a parasite of millet and sorghum in Gambia.] Heterodera gambiensis n.sp. (Nematoda: Tylenchida) parasite du mil et du sorgho en Gambie. Cahiers O.R.S.T.O.M., S&rie Biologic, Nemnatologie (1976) 11 (3) 209-218 [Fr, en] Lab. de N~matol., ORSTOM, B.P. V 51, Abidjan, Ivory Coast. Heterodera gambiensis n.sp., found in Gambia associated with sorghum, millet and fallow ground, is described and figured. This species is characterized by 3 lines in the lateral fields of the male and 2nd-stage juveniles and has no finger足 like projections in the underbridge. It is amphimictic, has 18 group 4. A lattice Mulvey's (2n) and belongs chromosomes is given. for thisto group for species determination
,0266 Alfalfa. Crops and Soils (1976) 29 (3) 23 [En] From Plant Breeding Abstracts 47, 7504. Lew is a non-winterdormant lucerne variety released by the University of Arizona which is resistant to Ditylenchus dipsaci Under conditions with no D. dipsacithe hay yield of Lew is better or similar to that of Hayden or Mesa Sirsa, but in heavily infected areas the yield is much higher. ::-O2 6 7 Many new alfalfa varieties available this year. Crops and Soils (1976) 28 (9) 22 [En] From Plant Breeding Abstracts 47, 5483. Thirteen new American varieties of lucerne are described. ASI3R is as resistant to Ditrlenchus dipsaci as Lahontan, 0268 AL TAIT, B. Light and electron microscopy of resittant and susceptible alfalfa roots infected by ,Ieloidogyne hapla. Dissertation Abstracts international. (1974) 35B (2) 672 [En] Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA. In susceptible lucerne infected with Meloidogyne hapla, giant cells were formed by enlargement of nematodestimulated cells without cell s',all lysis. The giant cells became multinucleate by karyokinesis vithout cytokinesis. The with extensive wall build-up in resistant cultivar responded cells surrounding the infection sites. Nematodes often remained in t e necrotic g tissue.
Nematode and 0269 DICKSON, D. W.; WAITES, R. E. lesser cornstalk borer (Elasmopalpus lignosellus) control on field corn. [IX Ann. Meet. OTAN, Lima, Peru, 20-24 March, 1977. Abstract.]. Nematropica (1977) 7 (I) 1 [En] Dep. of Entomol. & Nematol., Univ. of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA. The nematodes mentioned are Trichodorus christiei Pralenchus zeaeand P brachyuru
::-O 270
CASTILLO, MI. B. Plant parasitic nematodes associated with .Mung bean. soybean and peanut in the Philippines, Philippine Agriculturist (1975) 59 (3/4) 91.99 [En] The following ,entatode-plant associations were obsersed in the Philippines in 1973 to 1974: Rot)ylenchulus renifhrnis, Hehcorslenchus. Ti lenchorlhrvnchos, Pratwlenchus. Hophlaimus. Aphele'chors. Mcoiog%,ve incognitla. M. incognita acrita Af. arenaria and M. jalanica ot mung bean: Rot)'lenchulus reniformis. lhelicotylenchos.
Tyhenchorntwichos, Pratylenchs, Hoploiainius. Aphelenchus, Aeloidgyoe incognit ac .ritaand AI. arenaria on soybean; Rotylenchulus reniformis, Helicotylenchus, Tylenchorlh'nchus, Pratylenchus, Hoplolainos and .4phelcochus on peanut .\elehidogyne root galling was the onlv apparent nematode damage. 027 1 CAL'Ut:. G.: PEDRON, J. P. [Geographical distribution of the stem nematode Diti-lenchus dipsaci in cultures of forage legumes.] Distribution geographique du nematode des tiges Dit lencjus dipsai (Kuhn) Fil. en cultures de leguitueuses fourrag&cs. Rettes, France; ENSA. SLIent'es Agrononiqo'ue Rcnne. (1176) 183-188 [Fr, en] I.NRA.. lab. de Rlecherches de la Chaire de Zool., EN.S.A.. Rennes, France. During 1972 to 1975 over 1.000 un-cleaned seed samples of lucerne and red closer from different areas of France were examined for Dit lO)lichus dipsaci. At least 13% of lucerne and 10% of red clover seed were infested. The degree of contamination saried according to region and cultivar. The importance of adopting mteasures to nsure the production of clean seed is emphasized.
(The A. a 0272 ERZIIANOVA, P K.: UTAMBETOli fauna of lucerne in Karakalakiya] Ubekski nematode BiologicheskiiZhurnal (1977) No. 4, 66-68 [RU, uzbek] The nem:ttode fauna of lucerne was studied at a farm ir the Karakalpak ASSR. Uzbek SSR. 79 nenatode species wer recorded; the netmatodes %%ere fouttd rhizosphere.93%,"of Tte dominant pathogenic species,it tltt HelicogpletchusTetoiictus. Diithoencus dipsaci, D. destrcc'r and 'raot'le cltuus praDensi. 0 2 7 3 FAR.EI . K. M M, lherodera hraminis, first record for Trinidad, West Indies. Nemaropia 1977) 7 (1) 23-24 [En, es] Nematol. Dep.. 1,otltaottcd Exp. Sta., larpenden, Herts, UK. Nematode csts containing siable eggs s'ere recovered siAse:Cnl.onot) at the University from bamboo grass (PaspaUtn of West Indies Field Station in Trinidad. The cssts and 2nd足 of lleterodera grartinis except stage juveniles resmbled those the juveniles were larger (449 compared to 391 ,um). White mature females were found adhering to the roots. The nematode failed to multiply on C'tvodon dacti'lon itt pot tests but did so on bamboo grass. Cysts and 2nd-stage juveniles resembling H. granmitis vere also found in soil around Glycine max, Vigna utguicolata and lpomoea batatas. This is the first specific record of a Heterodera it the West Indies. 2nd-stage juveniles of H. sacchari have been reported from Trinidad but these may have been H. graminis which are very similar Nematodes in alfalfa production. I 0274 HART, W.H. Sl.\th California Alflfa Symvnposium, 8-9 December, 1976, Fresno, California, California, USA: Division of Agricultural Sciences, Universits of California. (1976) 7-9 [En, Special publication No. 3209] Cooperatisc Extensio Service, Univ. of California, Davis. USA. The plant-parasitic nematodes knownit to be associated with lucerne in California, USA. are listed. Damage to the crop is caused by Meloidogsnc spp.. Cricotemoides curvatus. T)ylenchorhynchus clirus and. in certain area,,, Dity'vlenchus dipsaci. Control by means of chemicals is not practical ot this crop because of tle los price of lcerne attd high price of chemicals. better of conlrol %s ould be by resistant rarteies btl soA tar thesemeans are 1e%% and the deselorttet of tev, ones is slos%. *075 IRWIN, J. A. G.: JONES, R. M. The role of fungi and nematodes as factors associated Aith death of vihite clover (Trifolium repens) stolons over summer in south足 eastern Queensland .4nstralian Journal of E\perittetal 4yricoulre and Animal lusbandri. (1977) 17 (88) 789.794 lEt] Dep. of Primar. Industries. lndocrroopilly. Qoeensland. Australia. 121 4leloidog'ne incognita, Hetcrodcra trifolii.
Helicotlechus dhh.%%ter.i. Prat'lenchu l'racht urus. P. /eav. Paratrichodorus minor and Xiphncna radicicola %%ere observed in white clover pastures in soulh-easlern Queensland, Australia in 1974.75. Some nematode populations and cloer decline %% ere significanttl% reduced after phenaniphos application 0276 DANSKE LANDBOFORENINGERS FROFORSYNING;
FAkLLESFORENINGEN FOR DANMARKS BRUGSFORENINGIR [34th report of work done at Boelshoj and St. Lundgird.] (1971) 55pp. [Da] In addition to the details given below, tabulated data and reports are presented for trials and other investigations of varieties nd breeding material of field peas and beans,
beetroot, fodder beet arid herbage legumes and grasses. [St
also PBA 42, 1780-84].
-0284 YEATES, G. W.; Ross, D. J.; BRIDGER, B. A.; VISSER, T. A. Influence of the nematodes Heterodera trifoli and eloidogyne hapla on nitrogen fixation by white clover under glasshouse conditions. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research (1977) 20 (3) 401-413 [En] Soil Bureau, DSIR. P.B., Lower Hutt, New Zealand. When Trifoliuin repens grown in Egniont brown loam or Kokotau sill loam under varying phosphorus and nitrogen regimes in a glasshouse were inoculated with cysts of lteterodera trifolii and Meloidogyne hapla, the N-fixing capacity of the plants was adversely cted, ierbage dry matter yields, plant nitrogen cortent and plant nitrogen yield all being reduced. In Egmont brown loam H. trifulii had a greater effect than Al. hapla and simultaneous nematode inoculation gave results equalling those of H. trifolii on its own. In Egmtont loam root weights and rhirobia numbers were reduced under all nematode treatments and pot experiments showed a significant correlation between nematode numbers and rhizobia numbers.
0 2 77 Alfalfa. Crops and Soils (1977) 29 (6)20 [Ett] Field Crops Lab., West Belssille, Md. USA. Front Pkat Breeding Abstracts 47, 9517. Two lucerne varieties for breeding purposes arc described. WDS3PI, derised from Vernal. and WISIPI are resistant to Dttylenchus dip.saci and other pathogens. 0278 TERENTEVA, T. G. [Harmfulness of Jleterodera on Lucerne in the Krasnodar Territory.] yulletcn'
Vsesoyuzneogo .Iachno.lsslcdo, ateel'\koo ln.stituta
Zashchio
Rastenti (1976) No 39, 58-60 [Ru, en]
The relation betveen yield losses inluorte attd different populationi densities, of Heterodera sp. sere studied. Itt the
Krasnodar Territor) of the USSR, the critical populatton density abose iwt.hich losses became unacceptable was 800
larvae/100 cm' soil.
;* 0285
TIN SEIN; KAUNG ZAN Ufra disease spread by water flow. International Rice Research Netsletter (1977) 2 (2) 5 [En] Agric. Res. Inst., Rangoon, Burma. Wild rice (Oryza peretjis), 0. teIeriana, Leersia hexandra and volunteer rice plants were found to be sources of Dit'lenchus angustus in Irrawaddy Delta, Burma. Nematode dispersal along water currents %%as demonstrated by placing healthy plants up and dow stream of a group of diseased plants grown in a canal bed. Dovnstream plants only were infected within 3 to 4 sweeks. Control of sveeds and volhtteer rice. preeotion of riser o%erflow by dikes and clean cutlti atioti and carly roguing of diseased plants are suggested as control measures.
027 9 BURTON. G. W; HlANNA, W. W. Performance of mutants induced in sterile triploid turf bermudagrass.
Mutation Breeding Vesitsletter (I977) No. 9, 4 [Enj ARS,
USDA, Unis. Ga., Coastal PlainExp. Sta.. Tifton, USA.
Front Plant Breedintg Abstracts 47, 9495.
Sonic irradiation-induced mutantt of C0todon dactilon
remained free of root knots caused by MeloiJdogync granttinis
while others, although infected, showsed no reduction inroot
or ion -.. iht
0286 BUNT, J. A.; NOORDINK, J. P. W. Autoradiographic studies with ["C] oxamyl In Vicia faba infested with Prat'lenchus penetrans. [29th Int.Symp. Fytofarm. e Fytiat., Gent, 1977, Dcel. II.]. Mededeingen
van de Faculteit Landboun'tetenschappen Rijksuniversiteit
Gent (1977) 42 (2, Pt. 2) 1549-1558 [En, nil Lab. of
Nematology, Agric. Univ. Res. Inst. for Plant Protection,
Wageningen, The Netherlands.
When 'C-labelled oxamyl was applied to Vicia faba
leaves it was translocated both acropetally and basipetally
Prats'lenchus penctran isolated front roots of plants whose
leaves had been treated showed only weak radio.,ctivity.
Radioactivity was found in the rhizosphere of treated plants.
0280-iRVINE, W. A., 1965. "Interaction of ,AtCloid,\.:, h,upl t and Rlhizoctt'na sn!aai itt alfilfa." 1)is. ,lltr., 25 "11),61,16. 028 1 MESSEN, C..;GNOX, J. P.: JACQUA, G.
(The selection of a French runner bean Aith resistance to
root knot nematodes in Guadeloupe.] Slection en
Guadeloupe d'un haricot rame resistant aux nematodes a
galles. Nouvelles Maraicheres et Virires de I'NRA aux
Antilles (1974) No. 9, 36-38 [Fr, en]Sta. de Path. Vegetale,
Inst. National de ]a Recherche Agrononique. Petit Bourg,
Guadeloupe, West Indies. Fron Plant Breeding Abstracts 47, 9991.
0 2 8 7 GRANDISON, G. S. Root-knot and stem nematodes
of lucerne, In Proceedintgs of the 29th Netw Zealand Weed
and Pest Control Conference, 3.5 August, 1976,
Christchurch. Hamilton, New Zealand. (1976) 31-34 [En]
Entomol. Division, Oxamyl, DSIR, Auckland, phenamiphos New Zealand.
and carbofuran broadcast at 9 kg/ ha to a stand of lucerne infected with Meloidogyne hapla significantly increased yield over ethoprophos, chlorobromopropane treatments and controls. The lucerne variety Nevada Synthetic XX showed resistance to M. hapla. Oxamyl and phenamiphos broadcast at 8 kg/ha to a stand of lucerne infected with Ditylenchus dipsaci each reduced the nematode population svithin the plant. No foliar necrosis was caused by phenamiphos and plants grew out of the slight chlorosis caused by oxamyl. There was no effect upon yield except that TCA at 35 kg/ha reduced yield by causing severe chlorosis.
as 0 2a8 pathogen 2 NORTON, on corn, D. C. and itsHelicotylenchus densities on corn pseudorobustus and soybean. lotra State Journal of Research (1977) 51 (3) 279-285 [En]
Dep. But. and Plant Path.. Iowa State Univ., Ames, USA.
From Plant Breeding Abstracts 47, 10123.
Ten maize and 18 soybean lines wvere examined 84 to 90
days after inoculation with hlelicotvlcntchus pseudorobustus.
B73 maize and Harosoy soybean wvere most resistant as
rgards numbers of nematodes recovered per pot of soil and nematode reproduction.
0283 CATIBOG, C. S.; CASTILLO, M. B. Pathogenicity of AMeloidogyne javanica on Mung bean (Phaseolus aureus Roxb.) Philippine Agriculturist (1975) 59 (5/6) 189-195 [En] Seedlings of Phaseolus aureus. aseptically inoculated with
5. 15. 25 and 50 egg masses of Meloidogyne jatanca. diec one month after infection, the extent of root gallinE increasing with nematode les ek. An increase in root and reduction in top and yield weights %%ere correlated ic increasing iroculum lIkels. wsith high nematode counts in soil and root samples indicating the high susceptibilit% of the crop to ,f. jttanica Inoculations of less than 50 eggs had no pathogenic results.
122
0288 BRITAIN. MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE, FISttERIES AND FOOD. Stem eelworm on clover. Advisory Leaflet.
of
cells, hypertrophy and hyperplasia typical of nematode galls
Agriculture, Fisheries and Food. (1977) No. 40Q (Revised), 5 pp. [En] This revised leaflet includes infirmation onl the EEC Directive o,i the Marketing of Seed of Forage Crops whereby uncertified clover seed may not he marketed and certain categories of certified swed rmust he fumigated if Dit~lencis dipsaci is found during field inspectioi.
which probably prevented normal nitrogen fixation by the bacterium. There was no evidence that the Rhizobium interfered with the development of the nematodes.
Agricultural Duelopnent and Adti.orv
Serice, Ministi'
Reviews (,nr pest disease 0289 REDDY, D. B. (EDTOtR) and weed problems in rainfed crops in Asia and tire Far Cast. Presented at the ad hoc panel of experts on pest disease and weed problems in some raitfed crops, 15-19 September 1975, and TIailand. Food Bangkok, Bangkok, Thailand. Agriculture Organization of the Uited Nations. (I1975) iii 足 RAFE 231 No 258 pp. [En, FAO Regular progranne References to plant-pirasiric neniatodes on crops in Asia and the Far East include. in Nepal. local occurrence of Aphelenchoide be,,e'i ott "'aiwanese sarneties of rice in the valleys and nud-hills and of Aloidieyne spp. ott Biassica carnpcstriI; in the P1hilippine,..- bes, i i', common on rice and tfirschnaniclai has been found it many rice-gromig soils but nothing is knot of its effects: Ml. incognit. is common ont ntungo [lt;rscolu, sp.] ai;d has been found ot castor; in Thailand. .lcoidoLeoi" cates stunting of soybeani seedlings 0290 NIii.Ri,. INrt:RN\AIoNAt INs TrlTrt or TROPICAL AGRICL IIURtI Annual report 1974. Ibadan, Niferia. (1975) i\ --- IQ pp [En] From 'lint lrceditng Abstracts 47, 10088. 10095. Of 241 litres of Vigmtli ungui:ulita tested in Nigeria in 1974. 4 %%ere highly reststant to Melhidonei inicognita. 0291 SIGAREVA, D. D. [StGAR'OVA, D. D. ] [The nematode fauna of some grass crops in the Ukrainian Poless'ie,] In Paraziti, parazitozi ta shlyakhi ikh likvidatsi (Parazity, parazitosy i putt ikh likvidatsii), Vipusk I. Kiev, USSR; "Naukbjva Dumka". (1972) 190-198 [Uk. ru] The 59 species of nematodes recorded on clover, lupin and Phktum in the Poless'ie, Ukrainian SSR, are listed and the incidence of each ecological group on each crop tabulated. 0292 TASIIIRO, H., MURDOCH, C. L.; APT, W. J. Plant足 parasitic nematodes associated with golf putting green turf in Hawaii. Plant Disease Reporter (1977) 61 (11) 919-921 [En] Dep. of Entomology, Geneva Agric. Exp. Sta., Geneva, New York, USA. Cnconemoides sp., Helicotykenchus sp., Meloidogyne sp. and Pratylenchus sp. were found in soil samples from bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon x C. transvaalensis) putting greens. Trtchodoru5 sp. and Helicotylenchus sp. were most frequently associated with samples from Agrostis palustris greens. There were no symptoms of nematode damage on any of the greens sampled. Nematode counts from chlorotic spots and from normal turf on the same greens revealed no correlation between population density of plant-parasitic nematodes in or outside the affected areas, *0293 HUSSAIN[, S. S.; SESI(ADRI, A. R. Interrelationships between Ateloldogoyne Incognita and Rhizobium sp. on mung bean (Phaseolus aureus). Indian Journal of Nematology (1975, publ. 1977) 5 (2) 189-199 [En] Div. of Nematol., Indian Agric. Res. Inst., New Delhi 110012, India. Meloidogyne incognita and Rhizobium sp. were inoculated at various levels separately, simultaneously or in sequence to Plascolus aureus seedlings growing in pots of sterilized soil. Nematodes at an) of the inoculum levels used. whether added before, alter or simultaneously with Rhizobium caused significant decreases in plant height, fresh and dry weights of shoots and roots, number of nodules on primary and secondary roots and nitrogen content of the shoots and roots as compared with the nematode-free control plants. Bacterial nodules invaded by nematodes showd giant
0294 VAN DEN BERG, E.; HEYNS. J. Descriptions of new and little known Criconematidne from South Africa (Nematoda). Phytophylactica. (1977) 9 (4) 95-101 [En, af, fr]
Pl. Prot. Res. Inst., Private Bag X134, Pretoria, 0001, S. Africa. Nothocriconema sancrus-francisci n.sp. was collected from coarse sand just above spring tide highwater mark at Cape St. Francis, Cape Province, South Africa and from soil around Aloe riots rear the beach at Jeffreys Bay. It closely resembles N. o'plicivestitun but differs in the longer body to 400 jim in N. (328 to 568 lio c,mpar:d with 340 9 duplicivestitum), lof.ger spear (72 to 9 1im compared with 66 to 72 Arm) which e,:tend- over 13 to 18 annules compared with I1 to 12, body antiLles 70 to 84 compared with 55 to 60, oesophagus extending over 19 to 24 annules compared with 15 to 17 and vulva 8 to II annules from posterior end compared with 7 to 8 in N. duplicivestitum. It differs from N. crotaloides in having a smaller spear (89 to 114 f.tm in N. crotaloides), fewer body annules (62 to 76 in . crotaloides), more posterior vulva (11 to 15 annules from tail end in N. crotaloides), more posterior anus (7 to 9 annules from tail end in N. crotaloides compared with 3 to 5) and vulva and anus further apart (4 to 6 annules compared with 3 to 4 in N. crotaloides). Lobocriconema zeac n.sp., like N. sanctus足 francisci is known from females only. It was collected round roots of Zea mays in Transvaal, South Africa. It is similar to L. aberrans but can be distinguished by the slightly scalloped posterior margins of the annules, by having 8 founded scales on each of the 6 to 9 caudal annules, by the more anterior position of the vulva (88 to 91% compared with 91 to 95% tn L. aberrans), shorter spear (54 to 59 jim compared with 68 to 78 l.tm). body annules 53 to 59 compared with 39 to 41, distance of vulva from terminus divided by body width at vulva 1.3 to 1.6 compared with 0.9 to 1.1, stylet length to body length 12 to 14% compared with 14 to 17% in L. aberrans. The number of body annules and their ornamentation, the spear length and form of lip region distinguish L. zeae from the other South African species of the genus. Detailed, illustrated descriptions are given of Hemicycliophora halophila and H. brachyurus found in South Africa. 0 2 9 5 ARMSTRONG, J. M.; PINKERTON, J. N.; JENSEN, J. J. Responses of red clover germplasm to stem nematodes in greenhouse trials. Plant Disease Reporter. (1977) 61 (12) 1060.1063 [En] Dep. of Bot. and Pl. Path., Oregon State Univ., Corvallis 97331, USA. During 1975 and 1976, 682 selections of Trifolium pratense were exposed, as seedlings, to inoculum of Ditylenchus dipsaci in a search for sources of resistance. Tested entries included selections from several States in the USA and from 40 other countries. Observations during the early seedling stage indicated that all of the seedlings in 30 selections tested in 1975, and 447 of 652 selections tested in 1976, were extremely susceptible. Additional testing of 205 remaining selections (those with 40% or less seedlings infected) indicated that 102 were more than 25% susceptible. Only 27 selections of the remainder developed less than 13% infection. Of these, only four of the original 652 (1976 tests) entries were highly resistaint, but none was immune.
*'n0296 JOttNSON, A. W.; BURTON, G. W.; WRtGHT, W. C. Reactions of sorghum.sudangrass hybrids and pearl millet to three species of ?teloidogyne. Journal of Nernatology (1977) 9 (4) 352-353 [En] ARS, USDA, Coastal Plain Exp. Sta., Tifton, GA 31794, USA. When hybrids of sorghum-sudangrass and cultivars of Pennisetum americanum were inoculated with Mcloidogyne incognita, M. arenaria and M. javanica, both sorghum hybrids (Funk's Hybrid 78 and Haskel Harris' 1746 E) were resistant to all 3 nematode species. Cultivars of pearl millet 123 varied in resistance.
02 97 RAD ,INSKV, J. [Research tasks completed at the 'Research Institute for Plant Production in Pieit'any.] Vyrieen& vedeckov'skumn6 s6lohy vo V'skumnom ustave
rastlinnej v'roby
v Piedt'anoch. Vestnik
inoculum of 10 larvae. The effects of the combined inoculum were similar to those caused by an inoculum of 10,000 larvae of either nematode alone.
teskoslovensk6
Akademie Zemddlsk (1976) 23 (7) 324-331 [Sk] VURV, Piedt'any, Czechoslovakia. From Plant Breeding Abstracts, 48, 79. The lucerne varieties Marais de Chalans, Elga, Poitou, Du Poits, Orchaienne and Palava were resistant to Ditylenchus dipsaci in Czechoslovakia.
030 3 NAGANATIIAN, T. G.; SIVAKUMAR, C. V. Host足 parasite relationships and influence of soil types on the lesion nematode, Pratylenchus delatrei Luc, 1958, on maize. Indian Journal of Nematology (1975, publ. 1977) 5 (2) 162-169 [En] Dep. of Entomol., Tamil Nadu Agric. Univ., Coinibaiore 641003. India. Pratylenchus delattrei multiplied better oil Zea ntays growing in pots of black, sandy clay loam and brown, sandy loan than on the host plant in red, sandy loam, which had coarser fractions and less favourable cation exchange and water holding capacities. In both red and brown sandy loam, the nematode was pathogenic. causing brown to black lesions on tine maize roots, extensi'e damage to the cortex and reduced shoot and root weights. In red, sandy loam, a positive correlation s'as shown between initial and final populations with inocula ol 1, 2 or 4 nematodes/5 g soil. In black, sandy clay loam and brown, sand% loam there was a curvilinear relationship with a decline in population after inoculations with 4 nematodes/5 g soil.
.'0298 SRIVASTAVA, A. N.; SWARUP, G. Preliminary studies on some graminaceous plants for their susceptibility to the maize cyst nematode, Heterodera zeae Koshy et al., 1970. Indian Journal of Nenatology (1975, publ. 1977) 5 (2) 257-259 [En] Div. of Nematol., Indian Agric. Res. Inst., New Delhi, India. Zea mays and Setaria italica were good hosts of Heterodera zeae in India, the maize variety Rattan showing least susceptibility and Shakti exhibiting maximum infestation, :,'0299 NOEL, G. R.; MEYER, R D.; LOWNSBERY, B. F. Effect of Afacroposthonia curvata on the nutrition of alfalfa. [16th Ann. Meet., Soc. Nematol., East Lansing Michigan 16.19 Aug. 1977. Abstract.]. Journal of Nemaology (1977) 9 (4) 278-279 [En] Dep. of Nematol., Univ. of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA. In Afacroposthonia currata-infected alfalfa Moapa 69 plants, PO 4 P and Zn levels were significantly reduced but P, N, crude protein and K levels ws'ere not affected.
*0304 THOMAS, S. H. Population densities ot nematodes under seven tillage regimes. Journal of Nematology (1978) 10 (1) 24-27 [En] Dep. of Bot. & PI. Path., Iowa State Univ., Ames, la 50011, USA. Under the 7 tillage regimes tester, densities of Xiphinema americanum, dorylaims, Helicotylenchus pseudorobustus, Pratylenchus hexincisus and P. scribneri on Zea mays were highest in no-till ridge plots and lowest in autumn- or spring-ploughed plots. Tylenchs were most numerous in otfset-disk, autumn-plough, spring-plough and chisel-plough plots but Aphelenchus spp., Aphelenchoides spp., Hoplolaimus galeatus, Tylenchorhynchus nudus, Psilenchinae, Mononchidae and nonstylet-bearing nematodes were not affected by tillage treatments.
0300 NOEL, G. R.; LoWNSBERY, B. F. The pathogenicity of Tylenchorhynchus clarus to alfalfa. (16th Ann. Meet., Soc. Nematol., East Lansing, Michigan, 16-19 Aug. 1977. Abstract.]. Journal of Nematology (1977) 9 (4) 278 [En] Der. of Nematol., Univ. of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA. One-month-old seedlings of lucerne cv. Moapa 69 grown in pots were inoculated with 1800 axenized Tylenchorhynchus clarus and grown at 21, 24 or 27'C. The nematode reduced plant growth at all temperatures. Root penetration was mainly in the zone of differentiation. Greatest reproduction occurred at 24 and 27C.
0305 IBRAtIIM, I. K. A. Effects of plant-growth substances on pathogenicity of Meloidog,'e javanica on horse bean and soybean. [16th Ann. Meet., Soc. Nematol., Easi Lansing, Michigan, 16-19 Aug. 1977. Abstract.]. Journal of Nematology (1977) 9 (4) 271 [En] Fac. of Agric., Alexandria Univ., Alexandria, Egypt. Spraying of Vicia faba and Glycine max with either 50 or 100 /Lg/ml indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) at the time of inoculation with Meloidogyne javanica, 50 ,ig/ml 24 hours before inoculation or 50 tig/ml indole butyric acid or gibberellic acid before and at the time of inoculation, suppressed gall development and severity. Treatment with 10 .g/ml IAA at the time of inoculation and application of IAA 24 hours after infection stimulated root galling and suppressed plant growth.
030 1 Riot, J. R.: KEEN, K. T.; TIOMASON, 1. 1. Association of eoumestans with the hypersensitivity of Lima bean roots to Pratylenchus scribneri. Physiological Plant Pathology (1977) 10 (2) 105-116 [En] Dep. of Nematol. and Pl. Path., Univ. of California, Riverside, CA 92502, USA. Roots of Phaseolus lunatus exhibited a hypersensitive response to Pratylenchus scribneri concomitant with the accumulation of at least 4 counestans. Phaseolus vulgaris allowed rapid multiplncation of the nematode, showed no visible response and did not accumulate significant amounts of coumestans. One of the coumestans, identified as coumestrol, inhibited the motility of Pratylenchus scribneri above 5 ,tg/ml in vitro. One other compound was tentatively identified as psoralidin. Coumestans may be related to the expression of resistance of Phascolus lunatus roots to Pratvlenchus scribneri.
0302 SHARMA, N. K.; SETItI, C. L. Effects of initial inoculum levels of Afeloidogyne incognito and Heterodera eaianl on cowpea and on their population development. Indian Journal of Ncmatology (1975, publ. 1977) 5 (2) 148-154 [En] Div. of Nematol., Indian Agric. Res. inst., New Delhi 110012, India. Cowpea seedlings var. Pusa Barsati grown in sterilized soil in pots were inoculated with 10, 100, 1,000 or 10,000 larvae of Meloidogyne incognita or Heterodera cajani, or with a combined inoculum of 5,000 larvae of each species. The threshold level for producing measurable effects on the growth of the plants was 100 larvae/500 g soil of either nematode. The final population was greatest at this inoculum level but the rate of multiplication was greatest with an
"'0306 MURDOCH, C. L.; APT, W. J.; TASHIRo, H. Effects of nematicides on root-knot nematodes in bermudagrass putting greens in Hawaii. Plant Disease Reporter (1977) 61 (11) 978-981 [En] Dep. of Hort., Univ. of Havaii, U A. Nematicides were tested for efficacy against Meloidogyne incognita in 'Tifdwarl bermudagrass (Cynodon spp) putting greens. Phenamiphos and DBCP gave excellent control with repeated applications. Diazinon-xylene, CGA-12223 and oxamyl were ineffective. No improvement in turf quality was noted as a result of nematode control. RHOADES, H. L. Influence of nonfumigant. nematicides and DBCP on Belonolaimus Iongicaudatus and yield of field corn in central Florida. Plant Disease Reporter (1978) 62 (I) 91-94 [En] Inst. of Food and Agric. Sci., Univ. of Florida, Agric. Res. and Education Center, Sanford, FL 32771, USA. In a 3-year tudy conducted in central Florida, USA, fensulphothion, phenamiphos, ethoprop, carbofuran, aldicarb, oxamyl, sulphocarb, CGA 12223, and AC 64,475, applied at
;0 307
124
The Identity of 0313 WOUTS, W. M.; STURHAN, D. Heterodera trifoli Goffart, 1932 and the description of H. daverti n.sp. (Nematoda: Tylenchlda). Nemnatologica (1978) 24 (1) 121-128 [En, de, I pl. (unpaged)] Entomol. Div., Dep. of
Sci. and Industrial Res., Auckland, New Zealand.
Heterodera trifolii is re-described from the type locality
and a neotype cyst with eggs is deposited in the German
nematode collection in Miinster. The necotype cyst is 620 jim
long, 430 fim wide, with distances of outer edges of
semifenestrae from vulval slit 25 pim and 30 pm, fenestral
width 35 pim, vulsal slit 40 p4m, width of vulval bridge 7 pim and length of underbridge 105 pm. The cyst is light brown with a pronounced vulval cone, a coarse zig-zag cuticular pattern and pale brown bullae. Juveniles from the cyst had an average length of 517 jim, width 19.4 jim, stylet length 28 jim, the stylet knobs robust with anterior faces deeply concave. The lateral field has 4 lines and is not areolated. Males are unknown. I. trifolii is separated from H. glycines, H. rosii and H galeopsidis by juvenile characters. Larvae of H. glycines are shorter (440 jim) with shorter tail (50 jim compared with 65 jim in ti. trifolii) and hyaline part of tail (27 jim compared with 37.5 im) and shorter stylet (23 jim). H. rosii has a longer stylet (31 jim) and H. galeopsidis has a stylet of 22 pm. The type locality is pasture with Trifolium repens, which is shown in tests to be a good host. H. daverti was collected front pasture on dark sandy soil in a forest area south of Minster, West Germany, and reared on Trifolium repens in a glasshouse. It has lemon-shaped ambifenestrate cysts (650 jim by 380 jim) with a long vulval
2.2 kg a.i./ha in-the-row just ahead of plan:rag, reduced populations of Belonolaimus longicaudatus and significantly increased yields of Zea mays. Phenamiphos and oxamyl, applied post-plant after injury symptoms were present, greatly reduced nematode populations, but yield increases were much less than for applications just before planting. DBCP applied at 6.- ' a.i./ha in-the-row and at 16.8 kg a.i./ha broalcast perf.-...,' as well as the nonfumigants applied just before plantme. A -,'0308 McSORLEY, R.; FERRIS, J. M.; FERRIS, V. R. predictive simulation model of corn-nematode interactions. [16th Ann. Meet., Soc. Nematol., East Lansing, Michigan. 16-19 Aug. 1977. Abstract.]. Journal of Neatology (1977) 9 (4) 277 [En] Dep. of Entomol.. Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA. The model, constructed from field and glasshouse data, is used to simulate population levels of Pratylenchus he.vincisus in maize roots during growth. 0309 NIGERIA,RESEARCit FEDERAL DEPARTMENT AGRICULTURAL Annual report 1973-74. MoorOF Plantation, Ibadan, Nigeria. (1975) 178 pp. [En, Plant Nematohogy 42-45, 96-99, 157-160, 167-1738 Of16genr of-4 plat-p9 asti ne1atod. 7n.sp.a1so d wh Of 16 genera of plant-parasitic nematodes associated with maize in Nigeria, Aphelenchus, Helicoty'lerchus and Pratylenchus were the most common and P. scribneri was the most widespread species. Cultivar resistance of maize to P. scriburi, of okra to Meloidogyre and of lowland rice to Aphelenchoides is detailed and host ranges of Praty,_nchus, M,'eloidogyne and Pa Aphelencoides are given. Meloidogyne 7vlenchIs, Tylenchorlynchus, tylenchtus, Heerodera, ad ltekhhncides, werenos commonrod loia n e and Apelncoides were most common around lowland .Scutellonems clathricaudatuni, Pratylenchus zeae rice. and widespread crythrinae were predominant and Helicotylenchus around sugar-cane. Nematodes foutd around tomato, okra aroud Neatoes sgarcan. oun arond omao, kra and pepper are listed and control of maize nematodes by fallowing and cropping techniques and of root-knot nematodes on tomato by Nemagon is described, tetsfrom
slit lonm) andWelldeverage 1043bulla and underbrwide and(82 have a stylet of 27.6 jim long and knobs with fnat or slightly concave anterior faces, spicules 30 to 33 jim and gubernaculum II to 12 jim. The juveniles arc 457 jim long, 19 Amofwide, the stylet 25 jim, 55 jimwith withanterior hyalinefaces part 60% its length and is stylet knobstailstrong et is kssimilar s tog ith a n 6slightly its concave. legHH. adaverti to H. glycines tbutfaethe larvae have longer stylets (23 4am in H. glycines), arc slightly in t gglcins) (m and H. the hyaline part of the longer (440 in H. glycines n t aert offths
lon ( 0jim tail is only 50% of the total in H. glycines. H. daverti differs H. trifolii, I. galeopsidis and H. rumicis in having males, and from H. trifolii also in the shorter total length, stylet and tail lengths and smaller, less concave style, knobs of the juveniles.
03 1 0 MAASSEN, H. [Oat cyst nematode,] Hafernematoden. Pflanzenschutzdienst Baden-Wtirttemberg Jahresbericht(1975) 213-214 (De] In the Donaueschingen district of West Germany 63% of 24 soil samples were infested with Heterodera avenac. In the Waldshut district oat cyst nematodes have damaged oats and maize.
Genetic resources In alfalfa 0 3 14 STANFORD, E. H. and their preservation. California Agriculture (1977) 31 (9) 22-23 [En] Dep. Agron. & Range Sci., Univ. Calif., Davis, USA. From Plant Breeding Abstracts 48, 4414. After a summary of its history as a cultivated crop, the
breeding of Medicago sativa vars. resistant to Ditylenchus
dipsaci, Phytophthora megasperma, Mcloidogyne spp. and Therioaphis maculata in California is briefly described. The sources used for the work at Davis have mostly been USDA collections.
Responses of cowpea (Vigna 03 1 1 OGBU.i, R. 0. unguiculata) to inoculation with root-knot nematode and cowpea rhizoblum. [Ann. Conf. (6th) NSPP, Nsukka, Nigeria, 16-18 Feb., 1976. Abstract]. Occasional Publication, Nigerian Society for Plant Protection (1977) No. 2, 58 [En] Crop. Sci. Dep., Univ. of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria. Three-day-old seedlings of 2 cowpea cvs ;TYU 317 ad Ife Brown) inoculated with cowpea rhizobia and root-knot nematodes 24 hrs later, grew well and had high counts of galls and nodules on their roots. Separate inoculation with either root-knot nematodes or cowpea rhizobia resulted in plants with fewer galls or nodules than when both inocula were applied at an interval. Seedlings inoculated simultaneously with root-knot nematodes and cowpea rhizobia became stunted and had few or no galls or nodules on their roots.
03 12 STONE, A. R.; SOSA MOSS, C.; MULVEY, R. H. [Taxonomic position of the cyst nematode of maize.] Posici6n taxon6mica actual del net ,titodo enquistado en el maiz. [Abstract]. In Avances en Ia ensefianza y la investigacidn, 1975.10"76. Chapingo, Mexico. (1976) 92 (Es] Rothamsted Exp. Sta., Harpenden, UK. A Mexican race of Heterodera punctata which attacks only Zea mays and Z. me.sicana is in fact a new species and will be described elsewhere.
Influence of soil pH on 0 3 15 OGBUI, R. 0. reproduction of Alfeloidogyne Incognita. [Ann. Conf. (7th) NSPP, Ibadan, Nigeria, 7-9 March, 1977. Abstract]. Occasional Publication, Nigerian Society for Plant Protection. (1977) No. 2, 47 [En] Dep. of Crop Sci., Univ. of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria. When tomato cs' Roma VF and cowpea cv Ife Brown were inoculated with Meloidogyne incognita and grown in soil at pH 4.6, 5.6 or 7.6, root-knot galls developed at all pH levels but egg masses were produced only at pH 5.6 and 7.6. * 0 3 1 6 Lucerne, pasture nematodes. New Zealand Journal ofAgriculture (1978) 136 (4) 57 [En] Oxamyl and phenamiphos were most effective in reducing root-knot nematode damage in young lucerne plants in New Zealand. Nematicides reduced the number of nematodes on !,hite clover but had no effect on pasture appearance or yield.
125
03 17 EGUNJOI, 0. A. Nematodes and maize growth in Nigeria. III. Effects of cocoa pod husk soil amendments
on populations of Pratylenchus brachyurus and on the growth and yield of maize (Zea mays L.). Nematologia Mediterranea (1977) 5 (2) 151-157 [En, it] Nematol. Lab., Phytopath. Unit, Dep. of Agric. Biol., Univ. of Ibadan, Nigeria. Incorporation of cocoa pod husk (CPH) at 90, 45 or 40
tonne/ha increased the yield, stem diameter and shoot fresh weight of Zea mays in soil with and without Pratylenchus brachyurus. Soil populations of the nematode were greatly reduced by CPH addition to 2 consecutive crops of Z. mays. Differences between treatments obseived in the first crop became more pronounced in the second.
*0 3 1 8 BIRCIFIELn, W. Pathopenesis and host-parasite relai -,of thecyst nematode, Ileteroderagramihiphila, on grasses. J'hytpathology (19'!. ) 63 (1)38-40 [En] Dept. of Plant Pathology, Louisiana State Univ., Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA. The cyst nematode lfeterodcra graunin,ophila was found on barnyard grass Echinochloa colonum in Louisiana, USA. In glasshouse conditions the larvae penetrated the roots of seedlings and became oriented along the vascular cylinder in 12 days. Females developed in 18 days ind lemon shaped cysts emerged through the epidermis after 24 days. There was no galling of root tissue, giant cell formation or secretion of a gelatinous matrix around the eggs. There was slight necrosis of the pericycle and cortex but no foliage symptoms. Male 11. graminophililarvae did not penetrate to the vascular tissue but developed in the cortex near the epidermis. Other hosts were Oryza sativj and Sorghumn halapense. 0 3 1 9 ADAMOVA, B. [Investigations on the damage and bionomics of stem celworm (Ditylenchus dipsact) on lucerne and possibilities of control. [Report].] Vyzkum ikodlivosti a bionomie hiiatka zhoubn~ho na vojt.ce a mo.nosti ochrany proti n~mu. In Zds-reenj zprdsa t'9zkumnho dstavu picninaiskeho, Troubsko. Czechoslovakia. (1975) 1-36 [Cs] There was a severe infestation of Ditylenchus dipsaci on 6% of plants it,23% of the lucerne-growing area in Czechoslovakia. Nematodes were observed during the entire vegetation period with largest numbers in August. Immature seeds were infested but no nematodes were found in healthy
0 3 20 EUROPEAN AND MEDITERRANEAN PLANT PROTECTION ORGANIZATION Fourth report of the Standing Committee on fumigation standards, Paris. 17-18 June, 1974. EPPO Publications, Paris, C (1974) No. 34, 47 pp. [En] 1, r'ie Le Nbtre, Paris, France. From Bromides in Agriculture IN3. 42 (1978), 3-7. Recommended standards are given for the fumigation of seed of onion, lucerne and red clover with methyl bromide for the control ofDitylenchus dipsaci.
seeds. lRItcE., T. %1. )iseases of the %inged bean inlPapa New Guinea. [Proc. 2nd Nat. il.Path. Conf., Brisbane, Australia, 12-14 May, 1976. Abstract.]. Australian t'lant l'l.h,h ev S,cietr .Veit.Ietter (1976) 5 (I. Suppl.) Abs. 209 [En] 0 32 1
Univ. Of PI)apa Nes i%iia, l't. Moresby, Papua Nes Guinea. The most viidePiead disease of Pophocarpus tiMrLgonolobus in Papua New Guinea is rot-knot (,ue to Aiohhlojync ii:cogtrita. Seedlings become infected within 2 wseeks of germination and adult i'eiales
appear 4 s'eeks later. Pure lines are being
screened for reistance.
032 2 Varieties. Crops and Soils (1975) 28 (I) 19-20 [En] From Plant Breeding Abstracts 46, 6829, 6832. Lucerne breeding material designated as Nevada Synthetic XX displayed resistance to 3 collections of Meloidogyne hapla in glasshouse tests in the USA. In
fields where Meloidogyne spp. and other nematodes were prevalent, Nevada Synthetic XX had higher stand density ratings than 34 other varieties tested. 03 2 3 AMOSU, J. 0. The reaction of cowpea (Vigna ungukculata (L.) Walp) to the root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne Incognita) in Western Nigeria. Nigerian Agricultural Journal (1974) 11 (2) 165-169 [En] Inst. of Agric. Res. and Training, Univ. of ie, Nigeria.
Seventy-seven cultivars and lines of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) were rated in replicated tests in the screenhouse, microplots and the field for their reactir to Meloidogyne incognita. 36 cultivars and lines were found resistant. Other , ivars and lines were moderately to highly susceptible as indicated by the root-knot nematode's ability to reproduce on the host. In the wet season tests, roots both of Mak 1/1 and Victor K798 cowpea were free of galls but in the dry season tests some roots of cultivars exhibited slight galling. Ife Brown (H62-1) was susceptible to M. incognita. 03 2 4 CAUBEL, G. [Reactions of three varieties of lucerne to the inoculation of seedlings with the stem nematode Ditylenchus dipsaci.] Reactions de trois vari6t6s de luzerne i l'inoculation des plantules par le n~matode des tiges Ditylenchus diosaci (Kuhn) Fil. Sciences Agronomiques Rennes (1974) 37-42 [Fr, en] I.N.R.A., Lab. de Zool., E.N.S.A. Rennes, France. The reaction to Ditylenchus dipsaci of the lucerne varieties Europe (susceptible), Vertus and Alfa II (both resistant), inoculated at the cotyledon stage with 30 nematodes each, was observed 12, 21 and 39 days after inoculation. Reactions were classified as swelling, arrest of growth or necrosis. The symptoms 126
observed 3 weeks after inoculation gave tile best estimate of varietal reaction. Counts of nematodes in the seedlings 7 weeks after inoculation were related to symptom expression. The greatest numbers of nematodes were found in plants showing swelling, followed by plants with necrotic symptoms, and smallest numbers in apparently healthy plants. It is conciuded that symptoms shown by seedling lucerne are a good guide to susceptibility and to the multiplication of D. dipsaci. 0325 llAM1itN NI. L.; Si .m.K, 1). A; Rt i(is, R. D. Temperature effects on penetration and reproduction of sol Ihan-cyst nern;tode. [Absiract.]. Phstopathohlgy (1172) 62 (7) 762 [EIll Isi,. of Arkansas, Fayettoille, USA. The optimum temperature f i, i,. i and reproduction of lleciro'r' gl cines on Lee soybean ssas 28 C oiu !i us .r/hus mimt',gnamilnsii it %sas22 C. * 0326 SINGHt, S. R.; WILLIAMS, R. J.;RACttE, K. 0.; RAWAL, K.; NANGjU, D.;
WIEN, H. C.; Lust", R. A. VITA-3 cowpea (GP-3). Tropical Grain Legume Bulletin (1975) 1 (I) 18-19 [Fn] International Inst. Trop. Agric., Ibadan, Nigeria. From Plant Breeding Abstracts 46, 8536. In trials in Nigeri;, VITA-3, a tropical strain of Vigna unguiculkta selected from the introduction VU5 from Kenya, has shown resistance to Meloidogyne incognita. 0 32 7 AMoSu, J. 0. Interaction of Afeloidogrne hapla, Pratylenchus penetrans, and Tylenchorhynchus agri on kenland red clover. Dissertation Abstracts International (1971) 3111 (12) 7031 [En] Univ. of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, USA,
03 2 8 WALLER, J.M.; BRIDGE, J. Plant diseases and nematodes In the Sultanate of Oman. PANS (1978) 24 (3) 313-326 [En] Commonwealth Mycological Inst., Ferry Lane, Kew, Surrey, UK. Rotylenchulus reniformis, Prartyenchus brachyurus, Xiphinema americanum and Tylenchorhynchus spp. were found in the soil around the roots of lucerne. Omani lucerne varieties are resistant to Meloidogyne jasanica and M. incognita. Large numbers of Tylenchulus semipenetrans were
found on citrus crops and also X. amencanum, Helicotylenchus microcephalus and Hoplolaimus spp. An association between T. semipenetrans and Fusarium solani was reported on lime. H. multicinctus and Radopholus similis were common on banana. Meloidogyne spp. occurred on pawpaw (Carica papaya), tomato, Phaseolus vulgazis, carrot, Beta vulgaris, tobacco, sweet pepper (Capsicum spp.), cucurbits and were very damaging on Solarium melongena in association with F. solani.
0329 RAZAK, A. R.; EVANS, A. A. F. An intracellular tube associated with feeding by Rotylenchulus reniformis on cowpea root. Nematologica (1976) 22 (2) 182-189 [En, de, 3 pl.(unpaged)] Imperial Coll., Field Sta., Ashurst Lodge, Sunninghill, Ascot, Berkshire, UK. Rotylenchulus reniformis fedon modified pericycle tissue in cowpea roots. The feeding area extended 6 to 15cells on either side of the nematode head but a group of 4 to 6 cells closest to the nematode lips were obviously inter-connected by gaps in the radial walls, thus forming a functional unit (the feeding zone). The cell wall adjacent to the nematode lips (the feeding cell or initial syncytial cell) contained a feeding peg enclosing the nematode stylet. Opposite the stylet tip a hyaline tube (teedmug tube) could be traced coiling helically in the feeding cell. Since the nematode head becomes immobile following establishment at a feeding site, the tube is thought to act as a filt,-r through which the nematode may obtain cell solutes without cell particles that might block the stylet lumen. 0330 OLOWE, T.; CORHE'Ir,
D. C. M.
Aspects of the biology of Pratylenchus
brachyurus and P. zeae. Nernatologica (1976) 22 (2) 202-211 [En, de, I pl. (unpaged)] Rothamsted Exp. Sta., Harpenden, Herts, UK. Vertical migration of Prat'lenchusand P. zeac was best between 15 and 35'C: P. brachyurus moved fastest in coarse particled sand and P zeac faster in a filter particled sand than P brachyurus, P. zee developed faster than P brachyurus at all temperatures tested: both species developed faster at 30 and 35 C, one generation taking 3 weeks in P. zeae and 4 weeks in P. brachyurus. Reproduction of both P brachyurus and R. zeac was greatest at 30 C. More P zeae invaded roots at all inoculum levels than P brachyurus. Both P. brachyurus and P. zeae occupied all parts of excised maize roots including the stele. Cavities were formed in the cortex with little accompanying necrosis and in the stele with much, including the deposition of a dense staining substance that occluded xylem vessels and phloem tissues. P zeac caused more mechanical damage but less necrosis than P, brachyurus, which also greatly decreased the growth of excised maize roots. 033 1 CASTANER, D. The relationship of numbers of Helleotylenchus inicrolobus to nitrogen soil amendments. Iowa State Journal of Science (1966) 41 (2) 125-135 [En] Biol. Dep., Central Missouri State Coll., Warrensberg, Missouri 64093, USA. 127
The numbers of Helicotylenchus microlobus in the soil of continuous corn plots at 3 sites in Iowa, USA, that had received 0, 40, 80 or 160 lb N/acre yearly for II years (Ames), 40, 80 or 160 lb N/acre yearly for 12 years (Independence) or 0. 30, u0, 120 or 240 lb N/acre yearly for 12 years (Bloomfield) were found to be negatively correlated with the amount of nitrogen applied. In 3 glasshouse tests, 0, 0.03, 0.3, 1.5 and 3.0 g ammonium nitrate were applied to Iowa 4570 corn planted in 6 inch pots and infested with 2,500 to 33,000 H. microlobus.pot. After 103 to 127 days, H. microlobus was significantly less numerous in the 3.0 g-treated pots than in the others, except when the 3 g were applied over a 4-week period instead of once at the beginning of the experiment. It is suggested that ammonium nitrate at high dosages is nematostatic to H. microlobus. An increase in the density of Pratylenchus spp. wth the amount of nitrogen, as observed at the field sites, is believed to be related to an increase in the root system. 0 3 3 2 SMITH, A. D. M.; WALt.ACE, H. R. Fluctuations In the distribution and numbers of Helicolylenchus dihystera in Kikuyu turf ("'anisetum clandestinum). Nematologica (1976) 22 (2) 145-152 [En, dle] Dep., of Plant Path., Waite Agric. Research Inst., Univ. of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, South Australia, 5064, South Australia. Studies of fluctuations in numbers of tlelicotylenchus dih'stera in an area of kikuyu turf (32 X 16 m) from March 1974 to May 1975 indicated that populations within the area fluctuated asynchronously in time, such fluctuations were superimposed on a general seasonal trend and there were some centres of peimanetitly high and low populations. Attempts to correlate nematode numbers with environmental components were unsuccessful. Further measurements suggested that as the size of an area increased so the reliability of the estimate of mean density decreased. To obtain a reliable assessment of the mean density of a nematode species in a large area is very time consuming and may have little meaning if there is considerable environmental variability within the ara. It is suggested that large areas should first be mapped to indicate this environmental variability thus enabling stratified sampling to be used. 0 3 3 3 EGUNJOBI, 0. A.; AFOLAMI, S. 0. Effects of neem (Azadirachta indica) leaf extracts on populations of Prat)lenchus brachyurus and on the growth and yield of mnize. Neaiatoloiwa (1976) 22 (2) 125-132 [En, de] Dep., of Agric. Biol., Univ. of Ibadan, Nigeria. Four water extracts of the leaves of Azadirachta indica in concentrations of 1.5, 1.0 and 0.5 kg fresh leaves/3 litres water were found in in vitro tests to be directly toxic to Pratylenchus brachyurus. Boiled extracts became toxic within the first 4 hours of exposure, there being a linear relationship between concentration and the number of inactive nematodes (assumed dead) which approached an asymptote value of 0.5 kg/3 litres concentration at 24 hours exposure. The juice of Citrus aurantifbia fruits seemed to reduce the toxicity of the neem extracts. Under semi-field conditions boiled extracts without lime juice significantly reduced maize root populations of P. brachyurusand increased ,-'in yield, plant heights and root weights. A strong positive correlation existed betv. -,i increases in plant growth and yield, reduction in soil populations, and extract concentrations. 03 34 LADYGINA, N. M. [The genetic and physiological compatibility of different forms of the stem nematode. 5. Crossing of the red clover race with other stem nematodes.] Parazitologiya (1976) 10 (I) 40-47 [Ru, en] Biol. Res. Inst., Kharkov Univ., Kharkov, USSR. Reciprocal crossing took place between the stem nematode of red clover and those of onion, strawberry, narcissus, parsnip and parsley, giving rise to fecund progeny which were kept under observation for 10 generations. Deviations from control generations were observed, manifested mainly as decreases in numbers and fecundity and structural and morphological anomalies. Whenever deviations occurred, they were always more clearly manifested when the red clover nematode represented the female in the parenteral pair. The red clover stem nematod is considered to be a narrowly specific biological race of Ditylenchus dipsaci at a certain stage of intraspecific differentiation. 0335 NEW ZEALAND, MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND
FISHERIES
Annual
Report of Agricultural Research Division, 1974-1975. New Zealand; Government Printer. (1976?) 244 pp. [En, Plant nematology p. 21] In this report on agricultural research in New Zealand in 1974-1975 there is one section on nematodes which describes research on the control of Meloidogyne spp. on lucerne and -ematodes on white clover.
0336 SIKORA, R. A. Heterodern trifolii aisociated with Fua.rium root rot of Tritoliun subterraneum In northern Tunisia. Nematologia Afediterranica (1977) 5 (2) 319-321 [En] Inst. fir Pflanzenkiankheiten (ter Univ. Bonn, 5300 Bonn, GFR.
128
lHcterodcra tritblii ts lor the first tnei reported to have caused economic damage to Trilblium subterrancum and is recorded for the first time in Africa (northern Tunisia). Cysts were found on I1 Tunisian ecotypes and 6 Australian cvs. of subterranean clover. Fusarium oxysporufu and F. avenaceum were consistently associated with IL trifolii-diseased clover.
I'unctodera ehalkoensis 0337 SIONE, A. R.; SOS. Moss, C.; NUI.E,, R. If. n.sp. (Nematoda: iteteroderidae) a cyst nematode from Mexico parasitising Zea mays. ,Vematologiva (1976) 22 (4) 381-389 [En, fr, 3 pl. (unpaged)] Rothnmsted Exp. Station. Ilarpenden, Ilerts., UK. I'onct,,dc;, chalc,enstis .sp. differs front P punctat in thlit mature fenales are splher..-il to sub.spherical (pear-shaped in t. punctata), 2nd-stage juventiles lire 500 isnmlong (350 to 470 an in 1: punctata) and in reproducing only on Zea spp. It differs from P. inttadornss ill hi ing flat to slightly concave stylet knobs ill the juvenile compared with knobs stroigly cotlcave anteriorly it P. n;,tatfrcvetns; the juvenile oesophageal gland lobe reaches to about 30% of the body length compared with 50r in P tnatdorensis;the bullac in the cyst of I. chta/coeness are small and scattered or absent but massive and alhays present ill I'. ,ntlhadorensis. The new species occurs oil Z. ma .s(type host) near Chalco (type locality) ill tle Valley of Mexico and in other regions about 2000 ill altitude itt Tlaxcala and Pneblo States, Mexico. The only other kr )wn host is Z. nteicana No resistance was found in a range of maize varieties and 7. rte.sicana isolates: tto hosts were found amongst other Grattineae tested. Maie crops are datiaged in heavily infested fields. 0338 CAFATt K., C. (Combined and separate forage yield and lfeoidogyne resistance of six lucerne clone.] Capacidad combinatoria general y especifica de seis clones de alfalfa (Afedicago sativa L.) para resistencia de Aeltidogj'ne spp. y rendimiento en forraje. [Thesis, 1967 (title only).]. Bibliotecohlgia )i Docunentacion, IICA/CIDIA (Indice Latitoamericanode Tests Agricolas) (1972) No. 20, Abs. No. 701 [Es, Available on microfiche from: CIDIA, Turrialba, Costa Rica.] '0339KEttR, V. R.; BARNES, 1). K.; SORLNsrN, E. L;: SKRIA, W. II.:HANSON, C. H.; MitititR., D. A.; "THOMISON, T. E.; CARtSON, I. T.; EtiItNG, L. J.; TAYtOR. R. L.; RUISItAUGt, NI. D.; BINGIHAM, E. T.; IROWN, D. E.; MILtIR, M. K. Registration of alfalfa germplasm pools NC-83-1 and NC-83-2 (Reg. Nos. GP 45 and GP 46). Crop Science (1975) 15 (4) 604-605 (En] Medicago sativt germplasm pools NC-83-1 and NC-83-2 have been developed to provide broad-based populations that could be used as sources of disease, insect aid Dit.slenchus dtpvact resistance and desirable agronomic traits for lucerne improvement programmes it tite North Central region of the USA, to provide plant breeders with large quantities of seed and to preserve germplasm. The sources of the germplasm and results of plantings are briefly outlined. Harmful insects were controlled and no disease problems were evident. 0340 PEADEN, R. N.; IIUNT, 0. J.; FAULKNER, L. R.; GRIFFIN, G. D.; JENSEN, If. J.; STANF(.RD. E. II. Registration of a multiple-pest resistant alfalfa germplasm. Crop Science (1976) 16 (1) 125-126 [En] Dep. Plant Path., Kans. State Univ., Manhattan. USA. Frott Plnt Breeding Absjracts, 46, 11203. Nevada Synthetic XX lucerte was developed by back crossing clones M7 and 1-167, whtch are resistant to Meltidogyne hapla, to clones C952, C949, C051, C953, C89, Nevada 759 and a clone resistant to Aeyrthosilohn pisum. Nevada Synthetic XX was highly resistat to three regional collections of Af hapla attd also had some resistance to Thrioaphis macui/aa, Dit)'lenchus dipsaci, Col),nebacterium insidiosumn and PhYtophttora nwga.sperna. 0341 BASu, S. D.; BANERJtr, 13. ]ffeet of infestation of Meloidogyne incognita (Kfutid & %Vhit.o Chitwood on some ancIllary plants grown with tea in north east India. Two and a Bud (1978) 25 (I) 29-29 [it, 16 ref.] Entomology Dep., Tocklai, India. All of 15 different shad,: rees ,od green crops except Crota/aria anag),roides were infested with Meloidogyune incognita following inoculation of seedlings in a pot experiment. Albizzia lebbek, A. tttranguensis, A. inoluccana, A. odoratissinta, A. procer,t, A. richardiana, Tephro.5ia caniida and T. vogelii were all good hosts.
034 2 LORDELLO, L. G. E. [On the Incidence of nematodes on maize.] Observaq6es sobre incid~ncia de nemat6ides em uma cultura de milho. In Lordello, L.G.E. (Editor), Traba/hos apresentados j reunido de nenatologia, Piracicaba, Bjrasil, 6-7 February, 1974. Sociedade Brasileira de Nematologia, publicafao No. /. Piracicaba, S5o Paulo, Brazil; Sociedade Brasileira de Nematologia. (1974) 33-36 (Pt, en] Dep. de Zool., ESALQ, Piracicaba, Brazil. In Sao Paulo State, Brazil, tile symptoms of Pratylenchus zeae, Itelicotylenchus sp. and Criconernoides sp. attack on maize are briery summarized. Yield was reduced by 50% or more. 129
0343 VALLO-ON, R.; PERRIER, J. J. [Ileterodera avenae, the cereal cyst nematode, a little-known parasite of maize in French-speaking Switzerland.] Heterodera aienae, lenematode r kyste des c~r~ales. un parasite du mais peu connu en Suisse romande. Relve Suisse dAgriculture (1976) 8 (6) 160-174 [Fr, it, de, I pl. (unpaged)) Sta. federale de recherches agronomiques de Changins, Ct1-1260 Nyon, Switzerland. An account is given of the life-cycle of Ileterodera aienae and the symptoms and damage caused by it to cereals. It has been found on maize in French-speaking
Switzerland for the first time and is associated with reduced growth. Populations itt
maize roots seldom exceeded 30 larvae/g compared with more than 300/g inother
cereals. Of 6 varteties of maize tested with 2 Swiss populations of IL.al.na-,none
was tolerant to either population, attacked plants being at least 3 times lighter than
healthy plants. Nermatode reproduction on maize was poor, fewer than one new cyst/g root being formed compared with up to 200 on barley. Maize in crop rotation callreduce larsal populations of H/ awenaLe by up to 50% but it can be severely damaged by small numbers of larsac. Treatment of infected land with Curaterr 5G at 13 kg/ha gave only slight yield increases and was uneconomic. The
only adice that call be given is to grow seeral successive maize crops.
0344 LIMBtER, D. 1P. Artificisl infection of sweet corn ,eedlinas with Anouina
tritici Steinbuch (17991 Chiti;oar-, *935. -'i'oc,,'rb , i/hic oil sicaI
Soc'ierY ot* I'rashigton (1976) 43 (2) 201-203 [En] Plant Importation Branch, Plant
Quarantine Div. ARS, USDA, 209 Riser St., loboken, N.J. 07030, USA.
Seedlings of Zea nav.s and Sorghurn tulgare growing in pots were inoculated
with larvae of Anguna trihici from wheat galls. The larvae did not penetrate tie
sten below thefirst node except for isolated individuals. When more soil was added
to the pots of swseet corn so that tire first node was covered heavy invasion took
place into the leaf tissue above the node. No evidence of growth of tire invading
larvae was found
0345 TtRNEtR. 1) R. Infection o' seedlings of alfalfa and red clover by
concomitant populations of .l'/nidogyne incognita (Kofoid and White) and
Prar'lenchuspenetrans (Cobb). Drsertation A bstrarts International (1971) 32B (4)
1951 [En
. c, /ogneIIn'c,rrnz:t did not affect the invasion of Medicago satisa or
Trilhumn pratene by Prat*cnchus penetrans. Invasion was measured in terms of
site and rate of penetration of the host. The effect of invasion on root elongation
was also studied. Some reduction in egg-laying by R ponetrais may have occurred
in thepresence of a presious inoculation of Afeloidogyne incognita.
0346 I:RtCKM., D. II. W. Penetration of and early development in red
clover seedlings by iteterodera trioldi and 'rat'lenchus penetrans . Dissertation
Abstracts International (1971) 3211 (2) 654 [En] Univ. of Kentucky, USA. -'.10347 YEAt[s, G. W.; HtEAt.?, W. 1.;WIDDOWSON, J. P.; TiiomssON, N. A.; MAcDIARMID, B. N. Effect of a soil fumigant on the establishment and growth
of a grazed pasture on a yellow-brown loam. Nen, Zealand Journalof Agricultural
Research (1976) 19 (3) 397.403 [En) Soil Bureau, DSIR, P.B., Lower Hutt, New
Zealand.
'Telone' soil fumigant was applied to the seedbed of a mixed pasture being sown after 2 years of cropping; the effect on dry matter production was measured over II months. During tire trial tie proportion of white clover in the sward increased, and during establishment, clover growth in 'Telone'plots appeared better than irr control plots. Populations of Meloidogytne hapla and tHoterodera trifolii were lower in 'Telone' plots. Total dry matter yield was significantly higher in 'Telone' plots at 7 of the 12 harvests, but there were no significant increases in clover yield. Over the trial, dry matter production from 'Telone' plots was 13% more than from control plots. Pot trials showed that clover yields in soil cropped for 2 years were more than double those in soil under old pasture. Total M. hapla and H. trifoli larvae in closer seedlings grown for 33 days in seedbed soil from control and old pasture sites were 4 and 6 times, respectively, those for 'Telone'.
treated soil. Thus a reduction in clover root nematode populations was an
important benefit of crop rotation in the pasture renewal programme.
034 8 ADAMOVA, B. [On the occurrence and pathogenicity of Ditylenchus dipsuel on lucerne (Mfedicago satla) in south Moravia.] Pfispavek k vskytu a gkodlivosti Hhidlttka zhoubn~ho Ditylenchus dipsaci (Kihn) Filipjev na vojtlgce (Medicago sativa L.) na jilni Morav.. Sbornik Vdeckfch Praci(1975) No. 4. 193. 197 [Cs, en, ru] Samples from 30 localities in Czechoslovakia showed Ditylenchus dipsaci, Aphelenchus avenae, Panagrolaimus rigidus, Cephalobus spp. and Eucephalobus spp. in the stems of lucerne. Only D. dipsaci appears to be a severe pest. It was found in 7 localities, 2 showing heavy in estation. D. dipsaci caused seed yields of infested lucerne to decrease by 50% 130
In an experiment to assess the influence of root density
Abstracts of paperi SOCIETY of- NEMAr(LON;ItS presented at the l8th Annual Meeting, Salt Lake City, Utah, July 23-26, 1979. Journal of Ncnatolog) (1979) 11 (4) 293317 [lEn] Ieduced peietration oft ltnlla JAFFEE, B. A. roots by Prattylenchs penetrans 1iflh incresed alfalfa root/ soil rotio. 302-303 [En] Dep. of I'l. P-1t1., Cornell Univ., thac,, NY 14853. USA
*0 34 f
on penetration by trat)lenchus penetrans the mean numbers of nematodes recovered from lucerne seedlings in beakers containing 1, 2, 6 or 12 seedlings weie 52, 71, 82 and 108, respectively. A significant correlation \%as fiud between root weight/beaker and the number of penetrations/g root. Penetrations/g root were 1060 and 2120 at root weights of 0.08 and 0.03 g, respectively.
0350 ANWAR, S. A.; CHAUDIIRY, G. Q.; CIAUDHRY, N. A. Nematodes associated with corn and sorghum. Journal ofAgricultural Research, Punjab (1973) 11 (4) 101-102 [En] Plant Protection Inst., Lyallpur, Pakistan. The results of a survey indicate that Pratylenchus spp. are the predominant plant-parasitic nematodes on maize and sorghum in Pakistan. 035 1 BOIIART, G. E.; DAVIS, D. W.; GRIFFIN, G. D.; HAWs, B. A. KNOWLTON, G. F.; NEY, W. P. Insects and nematodes associated with alfalfa in Utah. Bulletin, Utah Agricultural Experment Station, Logan, Utah. (1976) No. 494, 59 pp [En] Ditylenchus dipsaci and Meloidogyne hapla are the nematodes important on lucerne in Utah, USA, which are discussed in this bulletin. D. dipsaci is particularly important in areas where irrigation waste water is used. Damage is usually confined to the first cutting during cool humid weather. M. hapla is not as severe a problem as D. dipsaci, since it is not as widely distributed. Plant resistance is the only practical method of control of these nematodes, although the feasibility of using systemic nematicides is being studied. The greater part of this bulletin is concerned with insects. 0352 PATEL., G. J.; SIIAli, If. NI.; PATEIL, D. J. Screening of cowpea cultivars against root-knot nematodes. Indian Journalof Nernatology (1977, publ. 1979) 7 (2) 169足 170 [En] Gujarat Agric. Univ., Anand Campus, Atand, India. Of 104 Vigna sinensis cultivars tested for resistance to Meloidogyne incognita and . javisnica infection in field and microplot experiment, 10 lines were resistant, one of which, C-152, was completely disease-free. : 0353 iRtit I\, (i. 1) Infection of alf:ilfa by DityAlechuiv dipsacias affected by 'thernal acelirttatitjtiiii )f ihe ntinjatode. (Abstract.]. Phtf'p)athologj- (1972) 62 (7) 761 [En] ARS, USDA, t't:1 State Uliv., L.oeant, USA. Infe tation of lucerm seedlings at different tentpcratures was greater with population. of Dir Awh', d1p,jit' bred at the same than at othcr temperatures.
0354 BROWN, 0. D. R. The Influence of the plant parasitic nematode Hellcotylenchus dihystera (Cobb) on the growth and nitrogen fixation In the Southern Pea Vigna sinensis (L.) Endl. DissertationAbstracts International (1972) 32B (10) 5563 [En] Vigna sinensis seeds germinating in glasshouse sand without nitrogen were exposed to 3 levels of the cowpea strain of Rhizobium and 3 levels of Helicotylenchus dihystera for periods of 13 to 50 days. Rhizobium resulted in an increase in fresh-weight, dry-weight, nodule weight and total nitrogen content in almost all experiments. The nematodes consistently increased nodule weight after 13 days, significantly reduced fresh-weight in 2 of the 33-day experiments and usually had no significant effect on total nitrogen content. In the 33-day experiments, there was evidence for an interaction between the nematodes and Rhizobium, in regard to both fresh and nodule weights.
0355 BAJAj, H. K.; JAIRAJPURI, M. S. Two new species of Xlphinema from India, Nematologia Mediterranea (1976) 4 (2) 195-200 [En, fr, it] Sec. of Nematol., Dep. of Zool., Aligarh Muslim Univ., Aligarh, India. The female of Xiphinema lanrbertii n.sp. is described from soil around the roots of Cajanus cajan and from the roots of Mangifera indica in Uttar Pradesh, India. It is differentiated from X americanum by having a smaller body (1.3 to 1.46 mm) and stylet (odontostyle 55 to 64 gm) and a longer and differently-shaped tail (c = 37 to 50). The female of X neoclongatum n.sp. is described from soil around the roots of Psidiumguajava in the Punjab, India, and differs from X elongatum in its body posture (C-shaped) after fixation and in having a post-equatorial vulva (V = 54 to 55) and smaller uterus. No male of either species was found.
131
035 E VOVLAS, N.; INSERRA, R. N. [Morphological characters of AfMacroposthonia sphaerocephala (Nematoda: Criconematldae).] PeculiaritA morfologiche di Macroposthonia sphaerocephala (Nematoda: Criconematidae). Nematologia Mediterranea (1976) 4 (2) 155-160 [It, en, fr] Lab. di Nematol. Agraria del C.N.R., 70126 Bari, Italy. Scanning electron photomicrographs are presented of the lateral fields of Macroposthonia sphaerocephala from the rhizosphere of maize in Greece. The zig足 zag junction of the aniules is continuous along the length of the body. At irregular intervals (5 to 8 annules) the do-,al and ventral annules were aligned with each other and formed a complete ilg. In the cephalic region were seen short, smooth, hemispherical submedian lobes with amphid apertures between them in the lateral position. Labial plates wv-'e not distinct and appeared to form a disc. The last 2 annules of the tail were incomplete. 0 3 5 7 CAVENESS, F. E.
Screening cowpea for resistance/susceptibility to root足 knot nematode. Ibadan, Nigeria; International Institute of Tropical Agriculture. (1975) 16 pp. [En] From Plant Breeding Abstracts 46, 11640. Several lines of cowpea were screened for resistance to Meloidogyne incognita. The nunbers of eggs and juveniles/plant are recorded. 0 3 5 8 PUTSA, N. M. [Preliminary data on the susceptibility to Infection by DfIylenchus dipsacl of some varieties of red clover.] [Abstract]. In VIII VsCsoyuznoe soveshchanie no nematodnym boleznyam sel'skokhozyafstvennykh kul'tur. Tezisy, doklados i soobshcheni. Kishinev, USSR; Izdatel'stvo "Shtiintsa". (1976) 85-86 [Ru] All-Union Inst. of Forages (i. V.R. Vil'yamsa), Dolgoprudnyf-2. Moscow District. USSR. 03 59 SIESTEPEROV, A. A. [The susceptibility of certain varieties of white and red clover to Heterodera trifoll.] [Abstract]. In VIII Vsesoyuznoc soveshchanie no nematodnym boleznyam selskokhozyaistsennykh kul'tur. Tezisy dokladov i soobshcheni. Kishinev, USSR; lzdatel'stvo "Shtiintsa". (1976) 66-67 [Ru] VIGIS, Moscow, USSR. 0360 IBRAIM, I. K. A.; REZK, M. A. Pathogenesls and development of AMeladogyne javanica on corn. rI5th Ann. Meet., Soc. Nematol., Daytona Beach,
Florida, 15-19 Aug. 1976. Abstract.]. Journal of Nematology (1976) 8 (4) 288 [En]
Dep. of Pjant Path., Fac. of Agric., Alexandria Univ., Alexandria, Egypt. Meloidogynejavanica induced root galling and depressed growth in the maize hybrid A-17. Most regions of the root were invaded, though mainly the tips, giant cells were formed and endodermis and pcricycle were interrupted. The life-cycle was completed in about 34 days.
036 1 NOEL, G. R.; LOWNSBERY, B. F. Pathogenicity C7rconemoldes curvatus and Meloidogyne hapls to nondormant alfalfa. [15th of Ann. Meet., Soc. Nematol.,
Daytona Beach,
Florida, 15-19 Aug.
1976. Abstract.].
Journal of
Nematology (1976) 8 (4) 298 [En] Dep. of Nemnatology, Univ. of California, Davis, California 95616, USA.
0 3 6 2 RIISPERE, A. Yu.; RIISPERE, U. R. [Comparative study of the reaction of the potato and clover nematodes to the Inhibition of the metabolism of their
hosts.] [Abstract]. In VIII Vs:SsoyuZncL- scicshchanic nn ne.-latodnym bolcznyam
sel'skokhozyarstscnnykh kul'tur. Tezisy dokladov i soobshcheni Kishinev, USSR;
lzdatel'stvo "Shtiintsa". (1976) 63-64 [Ru] Inst. of Zool. and Botany, Acad. of Sci.
of the Estonian SSR, Tartu, USSR.
The effects on Heterodera rostochiensis and H. trifolii of inhibition of host
metabolism (potato and clover, respectively) are reported.
036 3 SiNoti, N. D. Effects of nematilcdes on nematode populations and yield
of corn. [15th Ann. Meet., Soc. Nematol., Daytona Beach, Florida, 15-19 Aug.
1976. Abstract.]. Journal of Nernatology (1976) 8 (4) 302-303 [En] Caribbean Agric.
Res. and Development Inst., Univ. of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad,
West Indies. Of 6 nematicides DD-MENCS and D-D were the most effective in controlling Pratylenchus zeae, Helicotylenchus dihystera, Criconemoides sp. and Meloidogyne incognita in plots growing maize. 0364 KAISER, W. J. Important diseases and pests of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), lima bean (Phaseolus lunstus) and pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) in Africa.
[Interafr. Symp. "The role of plant protection in crop improvement in Africa"; lbadan, Nigeria, 7-12 Oct. 1974.]. African Journal of Plant Protection (1976) 1 (I) 132
97-107 [En, Fr, Discussion pp. 111,115] East African Agric. & Forestry Res.
Organization, P.O. Box 30.148, Nairobi, K.:nya. The decrease in yield of Phaseolus vulgaris in Africa attributable to nematodes is not known although it is considered to be "undoubtedly significant". Potentially important diseases of Cajanus cajan include Meloidogyne spp. 5,:O365 KIMPINSKI, J.;TIIOMPSON, L. S.; WiliE, R. P.; WILLIS, C. B. Nematodes in field corn In Prince Edward Island. Canadian Journal of Plant Science (1977) 57 (2) 323-330 [En, fr) Res. Station, Agric. Canada, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island.CIA 7MS, Canada. Soil and root samples were collected from corn (Zea mays) fields in Prince Edward Island, Canada, in 1973 and 1975. Representatives of 24 genera of plant and soil nematodes were extracted. The dominant plant-parasitic species, Pratylenchus crenatus and P. penetrans, were recovered in greater numbers than had been reported previously for Pratylenchus spp. in corn in North America. Nematicide treatments in the field and glasshouse reduced the numbers of nematodes but there were no consistent significant increases in] silage or grain yields. Methyl bromide treatment was associated with increased plant yields in the glasshouse. It was concluded that P. crenatus and P. penetrans are not a major problem to corn in Prince Edward Island. However, they reproduce well on corn and can survive the winter in large numbers, and may pose a threat to subsequent crops. New records of pests and diseases in South 036 6 REDDY, D. B.(COMPILER) East Asia and Pacific Region November 1973 - December 1975. Technical Document, FAO Plant Protection Committee for the South East Asia and Pacific Region, Bangkok, Thailand (1975) No. 101, 5 pp. [En] FAO Regional Office for Asia and the Far East, Maliwan Mansion, Phra Atit Road, Bangkok, Thailand. New records for nematodes comprise Meloidogyne spp. on Amaranthus sessilis, Dioscorea nummularia, Heliconia sp., Phaseolus lathyroides, Solanum torvum and S. tuberosum; Pratylenchus sp. on Dioscorea alata; Radopholus similis on Zingiber officinale and D. alata; and Xiphinema sp. on Saccharum oflicinarum and Sorghum vulgare, all from Fiji. 0367
NEMATOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF SOUTttERN AFRICA
Newsletter. (1977)
No. 9, 12pp. [En, Plant nematology pp. 4-6] It is reported from Pretoria that, in the area north of the city where the cyst足 nematode [Globodera rostochiensis] has been found on potatoes, the egg population in the soil has been reduced to 3% of the original number after 3 years of non-host crops and has not increased during 2 subsequent potato crops. In the colder soils on the Witwatersrand the nematode is thriving. On Cynodon, growing on putting greens in Pretoria, Heterodera longicolla (provisional identification) has been found. 0369 SINGt, D. B.; REDDY, P. P.; RAJENDRAN, R. Reaction of certain winged bean varieties to the root-knot nematode, Mfeloidogyne incognita. Indian Journal of Nematology (1979) 9 (I) 43-45 [En] Indian Inst. of Horticultural Res., Bangalore, India. Of 37 Psophocarpus tetragonolobus varieties tested for resistance to Meloidogytte incognita only LBN Ci was moderately resistant. EC 38957 was moderately susceptible and the remaining varieties were all susceptible.
OF MYCOLOGY AND PLANr l:-!)It,, SOCIFT' S)'iiposiunt on plant diseuse lrohlhns, PAt ttt GY
0368
Jaipur, 1-3 October 1978. Indian Journal of Mycology and Plant Pathology (1978, publ. 1979) 8 (1)1-95 [Ett] From HorticulturalAbstracts 50 (4), 2230, 2247, 2248, 2250, 2251. Abstracts of papers concerned with plant nenatology appear below, Effect otorganic SINGtt, K. P.; EDWARt, J.C. of amendments on growth of ntaize, morphometrics Biol. 166 [En] mieroflura. Ileterodera zeae and rhizosphere India. Allahabad, Inst., D :,., Allahabad Agric.
[Spreading of the stem nematode 0370 VALOCKA, B.;SABOVA, M. Dity1enchus dipsaci (Kiihn) FilIpJev, 1936 on lucerne In the Slovak Socialist Republic.] Rozgirenie hsidatka zhubneho Ditylenchus dipsaci (Kuhn) Filipjev, 1936 na lucerne na 6zemi SSR. Polnohospodirstvo(1977) 23 (3) 281-285 (Sk, en, ru] Ditylenchus dipsaci was found on lucerne in the USSR in 28 of the 52 localities surveyed. In 17 localities its occurrence was sporadic, in 9 it was abundant and in 2 it was heavy (up to 135 specimens/100g) with typical symptoms of infection on the plants. Preventive measures are proposed. Studies on the effect of some 0 3 7 1 GUPTA, P.; SINGH, K. P.;EDWARD, J.C. soil borne fungi on the development of Ileterodera vigni on cowpea. Indian Journal of Nematology (1975 publ. 1976) 5 (I) 132-135 [En] Dep. of Biology, Allahabad Agric. Inst., Allahabad, India.
133
The effects of nematode (lleteroaera wgin) an(d fungus (7 species) on cowpea, alone or in combinations, were studied in relation to root inoculations grov,,th and nematode
population. The fungi significantly reduced the nematode infestation, greatest reduction being ssith Penicilliun citrinun and least with Aspergillus terieus. The average root weight per plant was significantly reduced was present in direct proportion to the number of nematodes when fungus in the roots. Differences in sex ratios in the presence of different fungi were noted. 0372 MULK, M. NI., JAIRAJIURI, M. S. Nematudes of leguminous crops in India. IV. Tso new species of Rotylenchus Filipjev, 1936 (lloplolaimidae). Indian Journal of Nenarohrgv (1975 publ. 1976) 5 (I) 9-14 [fill] Section of Nematology, Dep. of Zool., Aligarh Mushin Univ.. Alie'arh, India. Rotylenchus siddiqii n.sp. front soil around roots of l'isun sativum attd Dolichos lablab from Dudhi, Mirzapur, U.P., India, differs from the closely related species R. calvus by bearing indistinct annules on the head and by the posterior position of tle orifice of tie dorsal oesophageal gland. R. secondus itsp. from soil around roots of Cajaous cajan front Morhiyawn, Mirzapur, U.P. differs from the closely related R. pumilus by head shape, by tie absence of distinct head annulations, by having indented spear knobs and by the absence of a functional spermatheca. No males were found in either species. , 0373 GRIFFIN, S. D.; ELGIN, I. I., JR. Penetration :,nd development of A1eloldogyne hapla In resistant and susceptible alfalfa under vi iering Journal of Nemnatology (1977) 9 (I) 51-56 [En] Agric. Res. Serv., temperatures. US Dep. of Agric., Crops Res. Lab., Utah State Univ., Logan, Utah 84322, USA. Studies were conducted to examine under differing temperatures (12, 16, 20, 24, 28 and 32C) the penetration and development of Afeloidogyote hap in resistant lines '298' and 'Nev.Syn XX', and susceptible 'Lahontan' and 'Ranger' hardy-type lucerne. The results indicated that resistance to M. hapn was similar previously described for M. incognit in mnon-hardy lucerne. Although to that initial penetration in resistant seedlings Was similar to that of susceptible seedlings, nematode larvae failed to establish and develop in root tissues and nematode numbers subsequently declined. In susceptible seedlings, nematode development proceeded rapidly, and egg production began after 5 weeks. Temperature had little influence on nematode developmcnt except to slow the response at the lower temperatures. Other studies were conducted to verify a previously reported immune (no penetration) reaction to AM. hapla by the 'Vernal' selection 'M-4'. When compared to the resistant (penetration without nematode development) Vernal selection 'M-9 under diffLring temperatures (20, 24, 28 and 32'C), each selection was equally penetrated by M. hapla but at a lower level than in susceptible Ranger cuttings. Generally, no root galling was observed in either M-4 or M-9; however, very slight galling was found 35 days after inoculation oi about 50% of these cuttings vhen grown at 32-C. i0374 PEDERSEN, M. W.; BARNES, D. K.; SORENSEN, E. L.; GRIFFIN, G. D.; NIELSEN, M. W.; HILL, R. R., JR.; FROSttEISER, F. L.; SONODA, R. M.; HANSON, C. H.; HUNT, 0. J.; PEADEN, R. N.; ELGIN, J. H., JR.; DEVINE, T. E.; ANDERSON, M. J.; GOPLEN, B. P.; Et.t.ING L. J.; HOWARTII, R. E. Effects of low and high saponin selection in alfalfa on. agronomic and pest resistance traits and the Interrelationship of these traits. Crop Science (1976) 16 (2) 193-199 Res. Lab., Utah State Univ., Logan, USA. From Plant Breeding Abstracts[En] Crops 47, 441. High saponin content of the Medicago sativa varieties du Lahontan, Ranger, Uinta and Vernal had no appreciable effect on Puits, Ladak, resistance to Meloidogyne hapla or Ditylenchus dipsaci. 0,037 6 HIGGINS, D. L.; BECKMANN, J. VON; JEWELL, E.; JOSEPHSON, G. G. S.; WILLIS, C. B.; SUZUKI, M.; TiiOMPSON, R. G.; FENSOM, D. S. Electrical impedance measurements on alfalfa to detect Infection by root lesion nematodes. Canadian Journal of Plant Science (1977) 57 (3) 853-858 [En, fr, Dep. of Biol., Mount Allsion Univ., Sackville, New Brunswick E04 3C0, Canada.]
Electrical impedance measurements were made on Medicago sativa infected with Pratylenchus penetrans, and on control plants under conditions of drought and cold stress. Differences were found in the daily cycles or impedance between the 2 groups, with the infected group showing a greater increase in % impedance relative to the initial value in early day, and slower and less pronounced drop of % impedance upon watering after drought stressing as compared to the controls. The difference in electrical impedance between 2 groups of lucerne was greater at 20'C than at 2C. It is concluded that root lesion nematodes interfere with normal water uptake and hence water potential in lucerne roots.
134
The lespedeza cyst nematode, Ileterodera lespedezae A' 0376 FAGBIENLE, Ii. H. Golden and Cobb: temperature effects on histopathology on two hosts and infraspecific physiological variation. Dissertation Abstracts International (1974) 34B (It) 5277 [En] Development of syncytia by the Illinois, USA, isolate of leterodera lespedezae on striate lespedeza was slower at 18 than at 25 C. The response of alsike clover, a poor host, %asisolation of the nematode form surrounding cells by a host necrotic response. The host range, emergence, penetration, population development and pathogenicitv were studied at various temperatures for isolates of . lespedezae from Illinois and North Carolina on striate 1:spedeza and red clover. Distinct physiological races are represented by the 2 isolates. l.eghaemoglobin content of co%%pea 0377 SHIARMA, N. K.: St frtt. C I.. nodules as influenced by .lcloidogyne incognita and Ileterodera cajani. Indiani Journal of Nenatology (1975 publ. 1976) 5 (I) 113-114 [En] Div. of Nematology, Indian Agric. Res. Inst., New Delhi, India. The leghaemoglobin content of cowpea nodules decreased as a result of infestation with Meloidogyne incognita and Heterodera cajani. M. incognita caused a reduction of 51.56%, H. cajani of 36.65%. The nematodes in combination caused a reduction of 44.1%. Effect of temperature on survival and reproduction of 037 8 D'INN, R. A. Pratylknchus penetrans (Cobb, 1917) Filipjev and Schurmans Stekhoven, 1941. Dissertation Abstracts International(1973) 34B (1) 14 [En) The period necessary to kill 50% of Pratylenchus penetrans in artificially足 infested soil was 742 days at +4'C and one to 7 days at -4'C. Survival rates in host roots were no higher. In lucerne grown in sandy loam soil.numbers of P. penetrans were highest at 25 C after 7 weeks and at 30'C after 13 weeks. The duration of the life-cycle in lucerne was 30 days at 30'C, 37 days at 25"C and 92 days 15C. Life-history of lleteroderazeae on maize 0 3 7 9 VERMA, A. C.; YADAV, B. S. under Udaipur conditions. [ist Symp. pl. dis. probl., 18-20 Sept. 1975, Udaipur. Abstract]. Indian Journal of Mycology and Plant Pathology (1975, publ. 1976) 5 (1) 19 [En] Dep. of Plant Pathology, Univ. of Udaipur, Udaipur, India.
Evaluation of Curaterr for the control of maize pests and 0380 KUTIt;, K. its effect on yield. Iflanzenschutz-Nachrichten Bayer (1975) 28 (I) 67-79 [En, fr, es] Inst. fur Phytopathologie, Giessen, Germany (FDR). In trials in Germany of the use of carbofuran for the control of fruit fly and wireworm on maize, the results suggested that Pratylenchus and Hetcrodera avenae were present and were also controlled. Effects of nematode-trapping fungi on the 038 1 RAMA RAO, G. V. S. V. biology of the lesion nematode, Prat)ylenchus penetrans (Cobb) Filipjev & Shuurmans.Stekhoven. Dissertation Abstracts International (1973) 34B (2) 486-487
[En] Arthrobot rys arthrobotryoides, A. dactyloides, Dactylaria thaumasia and Dact),lella doedycoides greatly reduced penetration of lucerne roots by Pratylenchus penetrans under initially sterile conditions. Under gnotobiotic conditions, A. dactyloides was the most effective against nematode populations at various levels of inocula for up to 6 months and was also effective against nematodes on corn. Plant-parpsItIc nematodes associated with weeds and 0362 HOGGER, C. H. agronomic crops In Georgia. Dissertation, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA. (1975) viii + 66 pp. [En] An investigation was carried out on the role of weeds as alternative hosts of plant-parasitic nematodes of cotton and soybean in Georgia, USA, with special reference to Hoplolaimus columbus. Nematodes frequently associated with the weeds Cyperus spp. and Sorghum halepense included H. columbus, Meloidogyne incognita, Pratylenchus brachyurus and Trichodorus spp. P. brachyurus had the widest distribution and host range. Host range tests on 40 weed species from cotton fields were carried out with Criconemoides spp., Helicotylenchus dihystera, M. incognita, P. brachyurus, Rotylenchulus renifornis, Trichodorus spp. and Hoplolaimus columbus, a number of new host records being reported for the last足 named. Natural over-winter decline in populations of H. columbus, Trichodorus spp. and M. incognita was decreased by various annual weeds, H. columbus over足 wintering in roots and rhizosphere of Trifolium incarnatum. The soil fu-nigants DD and 80% D-D plus 20% methyl isothiocyanate controlled M. incognita in cotton and Cyperus. The population density of Cyperus in May had a negative influence on growth and development of cotton (probably due to competition for light and space) and determined the rhizosthere tonulation of root-knot nematodes in cotton 135
in mid-season and the end of the season root population in L)'perus. There was no evidence of migration of M. incognita between cotton and Cyperus during the growing season. 0383 KRALL, E.; KRALL, H. [A new pest of lucerne In Estonia.] Uus lutsernikahjur Eestis. Sotsialistlik Pkillumajandus (1970) 25 (20) 922-924 [EC] Academy of Sciences of the Estonian SSR, Inst. of Zoology & Botany, USSR. Typical patches of damage by Ditylenchus dipsaci were found on lucerne in a field on the island of tliiumaa (formerly Dagd) in the Baltic Sea, Estonia, USSR. In a laboratory experiment, heavy reproduction of the parasite occurred on Medicago satira variety J6geva 118, and oilM. falcata variety Saaremaa kollane. Only moderate reproduction occurred oilTnfilium lybndun variety J)geva 2, and no reproduction could be established oilT pratense or T repens This population was highly pathogenic to both Medicago species and also pathogenic, but to a lesser extent, to all other species tested. It is the first record of the lucerne race of D. dipsaci in the whole European part of the USSR. The biology of the parasite is reviewed and control measures are discussed. 0384 GILL, J.S.; SWARUP, (. Pathugenie effect of Tylenchorlynchus vulgitris oilgrant. Indian Journal of Nenraollo)"(1977, publ. 1979) 7 (2) 155-156 [En] Div. of Nernatol., Indian Agric. Rcs. Inst., New Delhi 110012, India. T~lcnehorrhynchus ul!,,aris was inoculated on seedligs of Ciccr anictinutil grown in plots .of sterilized soil with farmyard manure. Pl:ait growth %%as decreased ssith increasing inocului les els up to 21 000 nenatrodes/pot. Decreases ins' oot weight and root length %%cre significant. Final neinatode populations increased with ilnoculunt level.
0385 MINTON, N.A. & IVEY, ll.,1967. "The pseudo-root-knot nematode on Bermudagrass in Alabama." P1. Dis. Reptr, 51 (2), 148. nperne eraminis is recorded for the fir me from ama (U.S.A.) on roots of Codon dactylon (Tifgreen Bermuda足 grass
0 3 8 6 SrI tL:L, M. F.;Ko RA, F. Jloplolpimits acgiptin.sp. (tIoplolaimldae: lylenchida, Nematodat from U.A.R. Bulletin, Zoological Society of Egypt (1968/196Q, publ. 1970) No. 22, 117-120 [En] Fac. of Agriculture, Cairo Univ., Egypt. Hophdan.nus aeg.pti n.sp. from soil around Zea mays at Bahteem, Egypt, is described and illustrated. It is closely related to H. indicus but differs in the longer female tail; larger size: longer spear, spicules and gubernacuilum; number of logitudinal lines on the basal annule of the lip region; and the relatively anterior position of the anterior phasmid in males. :.,0 387 OGiiuJI, R. 0.; JtNSEN, H. J. Effects of soil pil on resistance and susceptibility of alfalfa and tomato to Afcloidogyne hapla Plant Disease Reporter (1974) 58 (7) 594-596 [Err] Fac. of Agriculural Sciences, Univ. of Nigeria, Nusukka, Nigeria. A susceptible variety of tomato, and a susceptible and a resistant variety of lucerne were inoculated with Afeloidogyne hapla and propagated at pH's of 4.7, 5.9 and 7.8. Gall and egg mass development were'severely restricted in resistant lucerne, and although not significant, there Aas a trend tossards less galling and less egg mass formation as the pitincreased. Both tie susceptible lucerne and tomato indicated trends tossard increased gall and egg mass formation as It, pH increased. There appeared to be a tendency towards increased susceptibility inthese 2 varieties as the pH approached neutrality, but this effect may have been as a result of an increase it: available roots, as both susceptible and resistant plants grew poorly at tie lower p1l, bit increased invigour as tile pi approached neutrality. r0 388 GR:FIN,G. D. Effect of acclimation temperatire on Infection of alfalfa by I)it)lenchus dipsact Journal of.Vcenatology (1974) 6 (2) 57-59 [En] Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Crops Research Lab., Utah State Univ., Logan 84322, LISA. In the Intermourtain Region of the USA, Ditylenchus dipsaci occurs on lucerne (Medicago satita) at temperatures from just above freezing to near 30"C. Inoculation expt,!ments showed a direct correlation between the temperature to which the nematode was acclimatized previously and the temperature at which the greatest nematode infectior occurred, and also the percentage of lucerne seedlings infected. The optimum infective temperature was correlated with field temperature when collections were made during different seasons and from different areas. This agrees with Crolls (1967) findings (see Hlelarinth. Abstr 37, 1357]. The nematode developmental stage had no effect otl the ability of tie nematode to infect lucerne. 03 8 9 Woon, F. II.; CLOSE, R. C. Dissemination of lucerne stem nematode In New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Esperimental Agriculture (1974) 2 (I) 79-82 [En] Plant Diseases Div., DSIR. P.B., Auckland, New Zealand. 136
Dit'lenchus dipsaci was detected in I1% of 92 lines of field-dressed lucerne secd when one sample was analysed /line. Replicated analyses of 37 of these lines revealed all incidence of approximately 30%, infestations ranging from one to 32 D. dipsacisample. D. dipv.ici was found in only one replicate of 5 lines, 2 replicates of 2 lines, 3 of 3 lines a:.d all 4 replicates of one line. 6 of the lines included were known from the results of the first analysis, to be infested ; D. dipsaci was recovered from 5 of these, as well as from an additional 6 lines. Bacteria feeding nematodes (predominantly Panagrolaimus sp.) were present in n'arly all seed liles, often in very high numbers. Commercial cleaning of the seed was effective in removing the nematodes along with associated plant debris. The role of lucerne management in dissemination of D. dirsaci is discussed ssith reference to a questionnaire concerning crop husbandry which was circulated to 200 lucerne growers in Canterbury, New Zealand. Distribution of infested hay on lucerne stands appears to significantly increase the risk of spreading D. dipsaci 0390 Allu ELAMAYEM, M. M.; ltoctOW, I. [Results of the application of systemic active substances for the control of root-knot nematodes.] Erfahrungen Uber den Einsatz systemischer Wirkstoffe zur Bekiimpfung son Wurzelgallenilchen. In Vortrh'ge der 13. Tagung fiber probletne der Phytonenatologie. Gross Ldisewitz, Z Juni 1974. Gross l.isewitz; Akademie der Landwirtschaftswissenschaften der Deutschen Demokratischen Republik. (1974) 89-108 [De, en, rut The systemic active substances aldicarb, fensulfothion and carbofuran were tested against Meloidofyne incognitain pot cultures of Vicia faba and Lycopersicon esculentum, using various kinds of soils, and the results compared with dazomet treatment. Dazomet was superior to the systemic nematicides in both intensity and duration of its effect. With regard to the initial effect of the systemic active substances, the order of intensity was aldicarb, fensulfothion, carbofuran. Differences in soil type and application rate were more significant with the systemic substances than with dazomet. Mixing of the systemic nematicides into the soil gave more effective control than soil sur ace application. The combined application of aldicarb and benomyl to tomatoes for the simultaneous control of M ncognita and Rhizoctonia solani was not effective. '0391
JOiHNSON, A. W.;
HARMON,
S. A.
Lima bean yield increased by
chemical control of AIeloidogyne incognita. Plant Disease Reporter (1974) 58 (8) 749-753 [En] Georgia Coastal Plain Experiment Stn., Titon, Georgia 31794, USA. Control of Afeloidogyne incognita on Phaseolus hmnatus by preplant treatment
of sandy loam soil with phenamiphos, ethoprop, feisulfothion and carbofuran each at 8.96 kg a.i./lectare resulted in an average 41% increase in crop yield in field trials during 1969-71 in Tifton, Georgia, USA. D-D at 93.5 litrcs/hectare was much less effective and increased the yield by a mean of only 9%. Greatest reduction in the number of root-galls was produced by phenamiphos and ethoprop. All the nematicides used had the effect of delaying plant maturity. 0392 B1tArtT, D. S.; GUPTA, D. C.; DAttYA, R. S.; MALItAN, 1. Additional hosts of the root-knot nematode, Afeloldogyne javanicA [Correspondence]. Current Science (1974) 43 (19) 622-623 [En] Dept of Entomology & Plant Pathology, Haryana Agricultural Univ., Hissar, India. A survey of cultivated fields in Haryana, India for Mcloidogyne javanica infestation adds Achyranthes aspera var. prophynstachya, Cassia sophera, Euphorbia thymifolia, Potamogeton so. and Withania somnifera to the list of plant hosts of this species. J393 ALALYKINA, N. M.; IGNAT'EVA, T. N. [Nematodes of Trifolum pratense In the Kirov region, USSR.] Materialy Nauchnykh Konferentsit Vsesoyuznogo Obshchestya Gel'mintologov, 1971-1972 (1973) No. 25, 3-5 [Ru] Kirov Teaching Inst., USSR. Nematodes were found in all of 43 root and soil samples and in 5 of 23 samples of leaf and stem of Trifolium pratense in flood meadows and dry valleys of the Kirov region, USSR. 42 nematode species were found in the roots, 20 in the soil and 3 in the stems and leaves. Samples from flood meadows were generally more heavily infected. Aphelenchoides composticola, A. sub.enuis, A. helophilus, A. saprophilus, Aphelenchus avenae, Tykenchorhynchus dubius, Helicotylenchus dihystera, H. multicinctus, Pratylenchus pratensis, Paratylenchus sp. and Heterodera rt/blii were pathogenicallv im-nr..t
[Testing red clover for resistance to stem 0 3 9 4 DtJKSTRA, J.; KOSTER, H. nematode, particularly with relation to varietal registration.] Toetsing van rode kiaver op resistentie tegen stengelaaltjes speciaal met betrekking tot de rassenregistratie. Zaalbelangcn (1973) 27 (8) 168-173 [NI] Stichting voor Plantenveredeling, Wageningen, Netherlands. From Plant Breeding Abstracts 44, 2529.
137
Of 15 varieties of red clover tested in laboratory experiments, SVP 2j, Mom Tp 2 and SVP 4x were relatively little affected by Ditylenchus dipsac Plants with less than 40% attack also showed adequate resistance in the field. 0 3 9 5 HUBERT, K. E.
[On the occurrence of Ditylenchus dipsaci on cereals.]
Zum Schadauftreten Yon Ditylenchus di 'acian Getreide. Nachrchtenblattfdr den Pfianzenschutz in der DDR (1974) 28 (1)6-8 [De, en) In East Germany, Ditylenchus dipsacidoes most harm to rye, followed by oats and maize. Symptoms on rye and maize are described. Onion is also affected in some districts. Some control may be achieved by stood hiihn.,足 n 3 9 6 JANARTIIANAN, R. Occurrence o the pigeon pea cyst nematode In Tam'U Nadu. Indian Journal of Nematology (1972, publ. 1974.) 2 (2) 215 [En] Dept. of Entomolog) Tamil Nadu Agricultural Univ., Coimbatore, Iintlia. Heterodera cajani is recorded for the first time from Tamil Nadu, India, infesting cowpea ( Vigna sinensis) pigeon pea and black gram (Phaseolus mungo). 0397 -SI tERWOOD, P T., )L I)LIY, J. W., IBIJSBICE, T. II. & ;ANSON, C. 11., 1967. "Breeding alfalfa for resistance to the sten nematode, Ditylenchus dipsaci." Crop. Sci., 7 (4), 382-38.1. An experimental synthetic, combining agronomic characteristics of Flemish lucerne with stem netatode resistance equivalent to 1.ahontan variety, was developed largely by back-crossing. Selections were made in a naturally infested field. Certain selected plants were further evaluated by inoculating their S. proscnv under contrtollCd conditions in a '0 3 98
laboratory. A 2nd resistant synthetic was developed by recurrent selection in the suscepible variety Cherokee. Laboratoiy tests of seedling reaction were the basis for all selections. In each of 2 suc足 cessive cycles mass selection was followed by Si progeny testing of selected plants. The procedure followed in developing resistance in the 2nd synthetic appeared to be nore efficient than the one used in the first. Results from laboratory tests agreed well with tlo~c front field tests, but labora足 tory evaluation was found to be more reliable and ecotomical for determining resistance.
LUCAS, L. T.; BLAKE, C. T.; BARKER, K. R.
Nematodes associated with
bentgrass and ermudagrass golf greens in North Carolina. Plant Disease Reporter (1974) 58 (9) 822-824 [En] Crop Science Dept., North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh 27607, USA. Cnconemoides ornatus, ltelicotylcnchus dihystea, Tnichodorse chnstiei, Meloidogyne sp., Tylenchorhynchus claytoni, Hoplolaimus galeaus and Belonolaimus lungicaudatus in that order, were the commonest plant-parasitic nematodes found in soil samples from bermudagrass golf greens in N. Carolina, USA. Tichodorus christie, H. galeatus, Tylenchorhynchus claytoni and Helicotylenchus dihystera were also common on bentgrass greens where C. ornatus was much less common, Meloidogync sp. rare and B. longicaudatus absent. Nematode recovery was twice as good using the centrifugation-flotation method as with sugar-flotation-sieving. 0 3 99
PONfE, J. J. DA
[Contributions to the knowledge of the host plants and
control or root-knot nematodes, Afeloidogyne spp., in the State of Ceari.] Subsidios ao conhecimento de plantas hospedeiras e ao contr6le dos nemat6ides das galhas, Mefoidogyne spp., no estado Ceari. Boletim da Sociedade Cearense de Agronomia (1968) 9, 1-26 [Pt, en] Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luis de Queiroz", Univ. de S8o Paulo, Brazil. Five species of Meloidogyne were found in a survey for root-knot nematodes in the State of Cearii, Brazil. M. incognita was present on 76% of the 120 plant species examined, M.javanica on 30%, M hapla on 10 plants, M. arenaria on 4 and M. thamesi was found once. A map and table summarize the results. Using galled roots of various hosts as inoculum, 4 varieties of Gossypium hirsutum marie足 galante were found to be immune: of 4 varieties of Vigna sinensis the variety Serid6 showed most resistance: 2 varieties of Carica papaya were highly susceptible. Piperazine hexahydrate was tested as a systemic nematicide by soaking seed of C. papaya for 12 hours in a I or 2% solution before sowing in soil infested with M. incognita and M javanicaz The results, assessed by the degree of galling 30 days later, showed some promise. 0 4 00
RIISPERE, U.; RIISPERE, A.; JAAGUS, M.
(On resistance of clover to the
cyst eelworm.] Ristikute kiduussi-resistentsusest. Sotsialistlik P6llumajandus (1971) 26 (12) 545-547 [Ee] Of 8 varieties of white clover and one variety each of alsike clover and red clover, only alsike clover proved to be resistant to Heterodera Infolid Of the white clover varieties, N.Z. and Huia were relatively more resistant than the others.
138
040 1-ENDO, 13. Y., 1967. "Comparative population increase of 1'ratylenchuls bruclkiurus and P. zeae in corn anti in soyvbcan varieties Lee and Peking." Phytopatholo.y, 57 (2), 118-120. The soy-bean varietlis, Peking (resistant to Ilherodera glycines) and Lee (susceptible to 11. gty.ihws) were tested for resistance to Pratvl:,'hus brachyurus and P. zeae to provide information for further breeding programnmes. When Lee soy-beans were inoculated with 400 or 800 nematodes, the numbers of P, zeaepresent after 3 months varied with the inoculum but the numbers prccnt after 7 mon:mss did not; the numbers of P. brdc:vyur:ts present after 3 and 7 months was not affecre. 1: ihe numbers in
the inoculum. Lee and Peking soy-beans seemed equally susceptible to both nemtodes when the assay was based on the number of nematodes per g. of root but Lee seemed more susceptible than Peking to P. zeae when the assay was based on the number of nematodes in the entire root system and in the soil. P. brachyurus reproduced more rapidly on the soy-bean varieties and P. .eae reproduced more rapidly on Golden Bantam maize. 'THe num足 bers of P. brachyurus increased more on .eking than on Lee soy-bean. Tie factors enabling Peking to resist H. glycites are not effective against root足 lesion nematodes, anti other sources must be sought for breeding resistance to these nemnatodes.
0402 KIIAN. :.; CItAwLA, M. L.: SAIIA, M. Cricnematoidea (Nematoda: Tylencmida) from India, with descriptions of nine new species, two new genera and a family. Indiaj, Journal of Neatologi- (1975 publ. 1976) 5 (1) 70-100 (En] Dis'. of Netnatology, Indian Agric. Res. Iost.. Nev Deihi. 110012. India. The family Criconematidac isentended to contain genra in which the body annules of adult females are fringed or have scales or other ornatnentations. The genera included are Criconenma, 13akernenta, Blandicephialanetna, Croserinenia n.g., Crossonemna n.rank, Lobocriconema, Neoobooriconerna, Pateracephalanemna, Seriespihula n.rank and Variasquamara n.ra'ik. A key to the genera is given and emended diagnoses for Criconetna and the new ranking genera. In Croserineitathere are palmate, scale-like protuberances on the posterior edge of the body annules of females and larvae. Tie type and only species is C. palmatum n.comb. for Crossonemna (Crossonema) palmatum. Crossoreta comprises 10 species raised from subgcneric to generic rank (type species C. cisellae) together with C. fiuocituni n.sp. and C. taylatum n.sp. C. tItncivatum from soil round roots of lime (Citrus sp.) from Ranikhet, Almora district, U.P., India, is close to C. liotbriatunt and C. civellae: it is 0.54 to 0.60 tmm long, has 41 to 48 body annules, vulva 3 to 5 annules from the terminus, spear 84 to 105 mn, serrated annules (resembling Neolobocriconema serratnm but without lobes) attd terminus not knob-like. C. taYlatumn front soil round roots of Elettaria cardanontum front Myso~e, India, is 0.51 to 0.61 mm long with a - 5 to 8, spear = 78 to 92 pAn.,R = 42 to 52 and R, = 3 to 5. It is close to C. raylori and C. Iarens but differs invarious features of the lips and first 2 annules, the structure of the vulva and number of annules. Seriespinula (type species S. cobbi) comprises 9 species, 7 front Crossonema (Seriespitla),one front Criconemna (C. punici) and S. impar n.sp. This species, front soil around roots of Cyuodont dactylon front Dalhousie, India, is 0.41 to 0.50 mm long with a = 6 to 8, spear 112 to 120 p.m, R = 52 to 59 with 12 rosws of scales each divided into 2 to 4 spines of varying size, in which characters it differs frcm S. tenuicaudatum, the nearest species. In Variaquanata(type species V decalmeatum) are included 9 species raised front ihe subgenus Criconema (Variasquamhtma) and a new species V'.rho.sinum. Tile ttew species, found around moss at Dalhousie, India, is close to V. rhornbosouaotatuim and V. sitmlaensis; it is 0.39 to 0.40 ton long with spear 67 to 12 ,nt, 4 stbmedian head lobes, R = 59 to 65, annules thick and only slightly retrurse with 10 longitudinal rowvs of rhomboid scales inmid-body, R, = 7 to 9 and R,. = 3 to 4. No males were found inany of the new Specie5 described. Tite paper should he seet for full diagnoses and descriptions of the genera and species, and lists of ttesv combinations. Keys are given for lie genera in Madineniatidac iatd Criconelmatidae.
0403 SPANAKAKIS, A.
[Investigations on yield damage of red clover by the stem eelworm, Ditylenchus dipsscl (Kihn 1857) FII.J Untersuchungen zur Ertragsbeeintrachtigung des Rotklees durch das Stengelilchen, Ditylenchus dipsaci (Kuhn 1857) Fil. Bayerisches Landwirtschaflliches Jahrbuch (1973) 50 (1) 167-1L03 [Dc] Under glasshouse conditions, Ditylenchus disaci caused yield losses of more than 40% in susceptible red clover varieties; the proportion of healthy plants was only about 20%. Under natural conditions, infection with D. dipsacicauses losses averaging about 50% of the crop. The different infestation rates of different varieties of clover was reflected in their yield. It was shown that under glasshouse conditions there was a high positive correlation between the percentage of healthy plants and the forage yield and under natural conditions a highnegative correlation between nematode infestation and forage yield. Under natural conditions, it was shown that Trifolium hybridum was susceptible to D. dipsci while lucerne, T. akexandrinumand T resupinatumwere resistant. 0 4 0 4 TERENTEVA, T. G.; ALPAT'EV, N. M.
[Heteroderadisease of lucerne In the northern Caucasus.] (Abstract]. In Nematodnye bolezni sel'skokhozyarstvennykh
139
kul'tur i mery bor'by s min. lizisy soveshchaniya. Moskva, dekabr' 1972. Moscow, USSR; VASHNIL. (1972) 55-56 [Ru] A nematode, provisionally identified as Heterodera paratnifoli,, was widespread and heavily damaged lucerne. 0 t 0 5 WEBER, A. J., JR.; Fox, J.A. Parasitism of "Tlfgreen" Bermudagrass and reed canary grass by root-knot nematodes. Ann. Meeting (49th) Va. Acad. Sci., May 12-14 1971, Blacksburg, Va. Sect. Agric. Sci. Abstracts of paiers. Virginia Journal of Science (1971) 22 (3) 87 [En] Dept. of Plant Pathology & Physiology, UPI & SU, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA.
Meloidog)yne incognita, M. javanica, M. arenariaand Af. graminiswere tested
on Cynodon sp., Phalanisarundinaccaand tomato at 26 and 32*C soil temperature.
M. incognita infected and developed on the 3 plant species to a comparable degree but development of males was 10 to 20 and 4 to 5 times greater on Cynodon and P. arundinacea, respectively, as on tomato. A-f. javanica infected tomato twice as heavily as it did the 2 grasses: adult development on Cynodon was comparable to that on tomato but on P. arundinacca occurred only at 32'C and only to one third
of the number on tomato: 20 to 40 times as many males developed on the 2 grasses
at 26"C as on tomato. At. arenarna infected tomato twice as heavily as Cynodon and
6 times more heavily than P. arundinaceaand development of males on Cynodon
and tomato at 32' was 9 to 14 times greater than on tomato at 26'. M. graminis did
not infect tomnato but infection and development was 5 times greater on Cynodon than P arundinacea, on which there were 3 to 4 times as many males as oa Cvnodon at 32'C. 0406
DONCASTtR, C. C.
Feeding of the stem nematode, Ditylenchus dipsaci
on leaf tissue of field bean, Vicia faba. Journal of Zoo/og., (1976) 180, 139-153 [En] Rothatisted Exp. Station.. liarpenden. lerts., UK. Film records and direct observations sliowed Dift/enchus dtpsaci penetrating a plant cell with its stylet to a depth of about I pin. Saliva, chiefly or only from the dorsal pharyngeal gland, was injected between the cellwall and cytoplasm and inhibited cytoplasmic streaming away from the atca. Saliva remaining close to the stylet then suddenly flowed back into the nematode together with, or followed by, liquid cell constituents. For the first half of the ingestion period the flow was not directly induced by the nematode, suggesting that pressure in the food cell was higher t)han imthe nematode during this phase. Refractive cytoplasmic constituents of the cell condensed around the stylet tip. When a neimatode withdrew before completing its feed cytoplasm leaked from the penetrationi hole. During this passive ingestion phase, liquid %%as seen flowing along monmnuscular parts of the pharynx and sometimes, in the food cel, tossards the stylet. Eventually the nematode fed actively by pulsating its pharyngeal pump, thus prolonging ingestion. Pressure in the food cell then became reduced so that, when the ematode withdrew, the cell took in sonie of the surrounding liquid. Feeding peioids lasted for 2 mit to 2 hours 14 nmin. Within an hour of penetratio.. .,iclei enlarged and became abnormally spheroidal in shape 0407 WIDDOWSON, J. P.; HEALY,
W. B.; YEATES,
G. W.
TIle effect
of
nematodes on the growth and utilization of phosphorus by white clover on a yellow.
brown loam. [Abstract]. In Proceedings of the Agronomy Society of New Zealand
Christchurch, New Zealand. (1972) 125-126 [En] Soil Bureau, DSIR, Private Bag,
Lower Ilutt, New Zealand. From Plant Breeding Abstracts 44,6528, 6534.
Four varieties of white clover and 2 of Lntu. pedmculatu; were highly
susceptible to Meloidog'yne hipli and Heterodera trifolii Red clover and Wairau
lucerne were less susceptible and College glutinosa lucerne and subterranean clover
were tolerant.
04 08 YASSIN, A. M. A root lesion nematode parasitic to cotton In the Gezlra.
Cotton Growing Reriew,(1973) 50 (2) 161-168 [En] Gezira Agricultural Research
Stn., Wad Medani, Sudan.
Laboratory observations on Pratylenchus sudanensis feeding on Gossypium
barbadense demonstrated the adverse effects of this nematode on the plant's growth
and development. Field expenments at the Gezira Research Station, near Wad
Medani, Sudan, showed that several other of the commonly grown crops of the area
are suitahle hosts. At another site P. sudanensis was found to be associated with
Fusarium oxysporum f. vasinfectum, causing vascular wilt of cotton. Multiplication
of P. sudanensis was highest on Cajanus cajan, Lablab vulgaris, G. barbadense and
Sorghum vulgare inthat order. Very few nematodes of this species were found in
association with Arachis hypogaea, Cucumis sativus, Hibiscus esculentus,
Lycopersicon esculentum, Solanum melongena and Triticum vulgara The size and
age structure of P. sudanensis populations on suitable hosts were found to be
directly related to crop growth. In field trials over 4 seasons from 1967/68 to
1971/72 preplant treatment of the soil with DBCP at rates up to 7.5 litres
a.i./hectare produced significant increases in cotton yield. This was so even when
the populations were as low as 18 to 58 per 200g soil in the control plots.
140
Combined effect of 0409 NATII, R. P.; HAIDER, M. G.; PRASAD, S. S. Hoplolaimus Indicus and Fusarium moniliforme on maize plant. Indian Journal of Nematology (1974) 4 (I) 90-93 [En] Sugarcane Research Inst., Pusa (Samastipur), Bihar, India. Hoplolaimus indicus and Fusarnum moniliforme individually have a debilitating effect on maize plants, but when in association the symptoms of disease are
aggravated. The plants show stunted growth with thinner leaves and are nrone to wilting during the day even with adequate moisture.
[Description of Pratylenchus seftensis nsp. and 0 4 1 0 FORTUNER. R. Description de Tylenehida).] Hoplolamus clarissimus n.sp. (Nematoda: Pratylenchus scfaensis n.sp. et de Hoplolaimus clanssimus n.sp. (Nematoda: Tylenchida). Cahiers de lOffice de la Recherche Scientifique et Technique OutreMer, Biologic (1973) No. 21, 25-34 [Fr, en] Lab. de Nimatologie, ORSTOM, Dakar, B.P. 1386, S~nigal. Pralylenchus scfaensis n.sp. from the roots of Zca mays in Sfa, Senegal, is characterized by the presence of 3 head annules, a stylet length of 14 to 15.5 J.m (rarely 13 to 16 pm), V value of 76 to 81%, an unstriated tail terminus and an empty spermatheca; males are very rare. The differences between the new species and other Pratylknchus spp. with these characters are tabulated. Measurements of other populations and additional hosts and localities are given. Hoplolaimus clarissimus n.sp. from the roots of Oryze saliva in Casamance, Senegal, differs from other species in the possession of 4 incisures in the lateral field and 6 nuclei in the ocsophageal glands. A table is presented for the differentiation of Hoplolaimus species. The author agrees with Jairajpuri & Baqri (1973) Nematologica 19, 19-30 in considering H. steineriKannan, 1961 species inquircnda [Tylenchorhynchus gladlolatus n.sp. 04 1 1 FORTUNER, R.; AMOUGOU, J. (Nematoda: Tylenchida), a nenatode associated with crops In Senegal and Gambia.] Tylenchorhynchus gladiolatus n.sp. (Nematoda: Tylenchida), nimatode associ6 aux cultures du Senegal et de Gambit. Cahiers de lOffice de Ia Recherche Scientifique t Technique Outre-Mer, Biologic (1973) No. 21, 21-24 [Fr, en] Lab. de Nimatologie, ORSTOM, B.P. 1386, Dakar, Sn~gal. Tylenchorhynchus gladiolatus n.sp. from the rhizosphere of upland rice (Oryza sativa) in Senegal, is described and figured. The species is characterized by the presence of 16 longitcdinal cuticular grooves and a stylet length of less than 14.5 Iim. Other Tylenchorh.,nchus spp. with similar grooves have stylets longer than 19 pin except T. pachys and T bfeviincalus, The differential characters of these species are tabulated. T gladiolatus possesses a serpentine canal system from the level of the oesopliageal gland to near the tail. The new species was also found around the roots of peanut, maize, millet, and sorghum in Senegal and cotton, millet and sorghum in Gambia. "Iwo new nematode species 04 1 2 FOTEDAR, D. N.; MAttAJAN, R. (Nothotylenehidae) from Kashmir. Indian Journal of Nematology (1972, publ. 1974) 2 (2) 169-172 [En] Helminthology Laboratory, Post-Graduate Dept. of Zoology,
Univ of Kashmir, Srinagar, India. Boleodorus cynodoni n.sp., from soil around roots of Cynodon dactylon from Satwari, Jammu, India, differs from the closely related species B. thylactus mainly in head shape, rounded spermatheca, and in the slightly hooked male tail.
Nothotylenchus srinagarensis n.sp., from soil around roots of Brassica oleracea from Rajbagh, Srinagar, Kashmir, differs from the closely related species N. acns in its smaller body and shorter post-uterine sac, from N. cylindncus in the pyriform shape of the basal oesophageal bulb, which has no projection into its base, and from N. a/iin the truncate lip region and clearly offset basal oesophageal bulb. 04 1 3 Luc,
A.; GERMANI, G.; NETSCIIER,
C.
[Description of Sarlsodera
afieana nsp. and observations on the relationships between the genera Sarlsodera
Wouts & Sher, 1971 and HeteroderaA. Schmidt, 1871 (Nematoda: Tylenchida).] Description de Sansodera afrncana n.sp. et consid&ations sur les relations entre les genres Sarisodera Wouts & Sher, 1971 et Heterodera A. Schmidt, 1871 (Nematoda: Tylenchida). Cahiers de l'OIfce de la Recherche Scientifique e Technique Outre. Mer, Biologic (1973) No. 21, 35-43 [Fr, en] Lab. de N~matologie, ORSTOM, Dakar, B.P. 1386, S~nigal. Sarisoderaafrncana n.sp. parasitizing Guinea grass (Panicum maximum) in the Ivory Coast is described and figured. The species is characterized by the position of the anus in the female, a short stylet in males and juveniles and the chromosome number 2n= 18. The relationship between the genera Sarisodera and Heterodera is discussed and the diagnosis of Sarsodera emended. Tylenchorhynebus 04 1 4 UPADIIYAY, K. D.; SWARUP, G.; SETii, C. L. rulgarls sp.n. associated with maize roots In India, with notes on Its embryology and life history. Indian Journal of Nematology (1972, publ. 1974.) 2 (2) 129-138 141
[En] Div. of Nematology, Indian Agricultural Research Inst., New Delhi-12, India. Tylenchorhynchus vulgans n.sp., from soil around roots of Zea may.%grown at the Indian Agricultural Research Institute farm, New Delhi, differs from the closely related species, T brassi.ac in having 6 or 7 striae on the lip region, fine body striations, a post-anal blind sac, and in the shape of the gubernaculum. The embryonic and post-embryonic development of the new species was studied and it was found to require 25 to 27 days at 25 to 30'C to complete its life cycle. Males are essential for reproduction. All stages of the nematode are attracted towards the hnst kv diffusible substances released by maize roots; they feed on root hairs. 0 4 1 5 CAUBEL, 6. [Effect of sowing date on the early toppling of maize due to the stem nematode (Ditylenchus dipsach).] Influence de ladate de semis du mals sur laverse pricoce cause par le n~matode des tiges (Ditylenchus dipsact). In Sciences Agronomiques Rennes. Rennes, France; ENSA, INRA. (1973) 101-107 [Fr, en] INRA, Zoologie, ENSA, Rennes, France. Early sowing of maize substantially increases the damage due to Ditylenchus dipsciwhich remains active in the soil for long periods and can then attack the very young shoots. 50% of maize plants sown on 9 April showed toppling but only 3% of those planted on 4. 10 or 21 May. 04 1 6 GurA, .; EDWARD, J.C. Studies on the biology of Jeterodera vignl (Heterodertdae: Nematoda). 1. Life cycle. Indian Journal of Nematology (1973, publ. 1974) 3 (2) 99-108 [En] Dept. of Biology, Allahabad Agricultural Inst., Allahabad, U.P. India.
The life-cycle of Heterodera vigni on Vigna sinensis is described and observations on the morphology and dimensions of the 2nd- and 3rd-stage larvae reported. The development of the later stages is illustrated for males and females separately. A table shows the differences in the dimensions of the developmental stages of H vigni and 11.cajani 0 4 1 7 ENi)o, B. Y.; WERGIN, W. P. Ultrastructural Investigation of clover roots during early stages of Infection by the root-knot nematode, Afeloidogyne Incognita. Protoplasma (1973) 78 (4) 365-379 [En] Nematology Lab., Agncultural Research Service, USDA, Beltsville, Maryland, USA. Migration of larvae of Meloidogyne incognita into the primary root tissues of Trfolium pratense was accompanied by separation and subsequent compression of cells in front of and along the path of the penetrating nematode. The protoplasts of the parenchymatous cortical cells did not respond to the presence of the penetrating larva. However, as the nematode approached the differentiating vascular tissue, the cytoplasmic density of the pericyclic and meristematic cells increased. This increased density was accompanied by an alteration in the morphological features of the nucleus. In addition to these changes, two different types of extiacellular material were observed during penetration. A homogeneous substance appeared in and around the external opening of the amphid; and an electron dense material was found along the middle lamellae of the separating plant cells and between the cuticle of the nematode and the cell walls of the host. 0 4 1 8 KRALL', E. L.; KRALL', Kit. A. (Parasitism and pathogenicity of stem nematodes in non-host plants.] In Gagarnn, VG.(Editor), Problemy obshcher i prikladnof gelmintologii. Moscow, USSR; lzdatel'stvo "Nauka". (1973) 369-373
Ru Inst. of Zoology and Botany of the Estonian Acad. of Science, Tartu, Estonian
SSR.
Experimental inoculation of 2 lucerne and 3 clover species with Ditylenchus dipsaci (lucerne race) produced heavy infection on the 2 lucerne species, medium infection on hybrid and red clover and slight infection on white clover. Most of the young lucerne plants perished 50 to 60 days post-infection, the number of diseased plants increasing at each 10 day count; a proportion of the infected Olover plants recovered towards the end of the experiment, thus showing the decreased pathogenicity of the nematode to a non-host plant. D. dipsaci, at different stages of development (including ova) was found after 80 days on both species of lucerne and on hybrid clover (although in smaller numbers on clover). As a rule, no D. dipseci were found on red and white clover, although 2 mature males and one dead larva were found on one red clover plant. I PONTF, J. J. )A; LI. ir, \V. V.; MON1i, E. V, Iction of iaricties of 1'iJ'. incnsis resistant to 1o9YnO Wp. Seleqite de vaii,dides de Vigna iinensis Jogensa~ m-rExamination ] rites a m -i,doriiose. 96.7 'r Centroi Cii. Agr., ed. Cepi, Fortalera, Cl:, Brazil. 042 0-SWARUI', G., 1962. "Root-knot ot vegetables. I.Prevalence of Meloidogvne species in soil and vegetable crops." Indian Phytopathology, 15 (2), 228-230.
142
The author examined soil and root samples from 42 vegetable plots in Delhi. ifeloidogyne larvae or males were present in soil from 38 of the plots. of more than 50 females from each root sample revealed Af. incognita, Af. incognita acrita and Af.javanica, sometimes mv!e than one species in a single sample. Tomato had all 3 species, brinjal (Solanum melongena) had only M. incognita, while bhindi (Abelmochus esculentus), cowpea (Vigna sinensis), smooth gourd (Luffa cylindrica) and ridge gourd (L. acutangula) had M. incognita and Af. incognita acrita.
-0 4 2 1 SUZUKI, M.; WILLIS, C. B.
Root lesion nenatodes affect cold tolerance
of alfalfa. Canadian jourril ot'Piant 5.,enac. (1974) 54 (1) 585-586 [Et.] In Canada, ot tests showed that lucerne plants infested with Pratylenchus penetrans were less resistant to cold temperatures than nematode-free plants. Desiccation at freezing temperatures was significantly greater in iifested plants.
New host records of the root-knot nemtode, Mfeloidozine 0422 ALAM, M M. incognita. Current Science (1975) 44 (12) 445 [En] Dep. of Botany, Aligarh Muslim Univ., Aligarh 202 001, India. Cassia tora, Cucurnis melo vat. agrestis. C)iperus rotundus. Digitari cruciata, Gonphrena globo.va and Mfukia rraderaspatanaare reported as new hosts of Afeloidogyne incognita. The nematode was reoovered from most gall tissues of these plants in India. Studies in clover soil sickness. 1, The phenomenon of '0423 KATZNELSON, J. soil sickness in berseem and Persian clover. Plant and Soil (1972) 36 (2) 379-393 [En] The Volcani Inst of Agric. Res , Nevse Ya'ar Experiment Sia., Post Haifa, Israel.
The clover soil sickness phenomenon (CSS) was studied over a 5-year period in plots with different Tnfohuro aleuandrinunm histories. Alternating T. alekandnnum with Persian clover [T resupinatum] sas found impracticable, since growing Persian closer resulted in CSS symptoms in both T aeIAandrinum and Persian closer. Nematodes, particularly Prat ' nchus, were considered a major cause of yield decline in Persian clover, but had no effect on T. aleandrinum.The smallest number of nematodes was found on T ale.sandrinurn where CSS svmptoms were riiOst severe. Occurrence of Heteroderacyst nematode (Nematoda: 04240DIiIH.N, R. A. Heteroderidat) on mild grasses in southern Nigeria. 15th Ann. Conf. Nigerian Soc. Plant Prot., Samaru, March 3-5 1975. Abstra:t]. Occasional Publication, A'gerian Society for Plant Protection (1975) No. I, 24-25 [En] Dep. of Agnc. Biol., Univ. of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. In the Western State of Nigeria a nematode, probably ifeterodera sacchari, was found on the wild grasses Paspalum cotnugatum, Asonopus cornpressus, Manscus unbellatu.s and CVnodon dactylon and in Kwara State on Eleusine indica and Brachiariabrizantlia It is suggested that this nematode is indigenous to Nigeria. Effect of . GRLN, R. J , K. C: BERGt.SON, 6. .B.; Afeloidogyne incognita on selected forest tree species. Journal of Nematology (1975) 7 (2) 140-149 [En] Dept. of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA. The effect, of Afeloidogyne incogemia on seedlings of 14species of forest trees were investigated in pot experiments by inoculating with 100, 1,000 or 10,000 larvae at 5 seedling growth stages up to one year. Growth and instopathology of the seedlings and reproduction of the nematodes were assessed. Taiwania crvptomeriodes proved immune: Picea abi- and Pinus virginiana were highly resistant and there was no nematode reproducuon: seedling emergence was severely reduced in Cryptorneriajaponica and seedlings of Chamaeojparis obtusa were seserely damaged in the young stages and the nematodes failed to reproduce. In.culattions of I-)ear-old seedlings of Thui4 occidvniahs. Pinus resinosa and P. strobus caused little damage and fess or no nematodes reproduced. In P. sylvestns and P banksiana survival of seedlings was reduced but reproduction of most nematode, vas restricted by layers of densely stained cells. Seedlings of Cunninghamia lanceolata were severely damaged by Al. incognita associated with fusanum o.vtsporum; the nematode', reproduced in variable numbers Similar effects were seen in Pauloun;i fortunci but seedling damage "as less. In Albizzia falcata the nematode had little effect on seedling emergence and survival and it reproduced well as it did also on Robmia pkeudoacacia. but seedlings of this species were stunted in earl. gro(sii and sur,'al was teduced at the highest pre-emergence inoculum level
-0425WANG,
Some observations on the survival and development of llellcotylenchus digonlcus under alfalfa. Canadian Plant Disease Survey (1973) 53 (4) 196-198 [En, fr] Research Station, Agriculture 042 6 TOWNSIIEND. J. L.; PorIER, J. W.
Canada, Vineland Station, Ontario LOR 2EO, Canada. In Ontario, Canada, during 1971 and 1972 similar numbers of Helicotylenchus digonicus overwintered on lucerne plots irrespective of whether the plants survived
or were killed due to the absence of snow cover. On the plots where the lucerne had been killed the H. digonicus persisted with little reduction in numbers for a further 3 to 4 months. Plots on which the luceme survived showed increases in population size, slower in 1972 than in 1971 because of less favourable temperatures. The ability of H. digonicus to survive near- and sub-freezing temperatures was demonstrated in laboratory experiments.
143
042 7 PERRY, V. G.; DICKSON, D. W. Nematode control on turfgrasses. [Abstract]. Nematropica (1974) 4 (I) 4 [En] Dept. of Entomology and Nematology, Univ. of Florida, Gainesville, Fla. 32611, USA. Carbofuran (22 kg a.i./ha), aldicarb (II kg a.i./ha), fensulfothion (22 kg a.i./ha), phenamiphos (17 kg a.i./ha) and DBCP (39 kg a.i./ha) were tested on nematode-infested C'ynodon dactlon on a golf course fairway, and carbofuran, aldicarb and phenarniphos at these rates and aldicarb at 7 kg a.i./ha were tested on C dactu/onon a golf green. Surface application of the granular material or injection of the DBCP was followed by 2.5 cm of irrigation. Belonolainus longicaudatusand Hoplolaimus galeatus were the major pests on the fairway; the green had high populations of Do/ichodorus heterivephalus . galawtu The grass responded quicker to the granular treatments, especially and with aldicarb and phenamiphos. After 8 weeks the DBCP-treated plots on the fairway were best, with the lowest nematode counts. Fensulfothion and ethoprop resulted in only moderate turf responses. 0 4 2 8 NEW ZEALAND. DEPARTMENt OF SCIENTIFIC ANt) INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH. Report for the year ended 31 March 1974. Wellington. New Zealand. (1974) 68 pp. (En, Plant nematology p. 21] Heterodera tnThi" in yellow-grey soil in Wairarapa, New Zealand responded to both nematicide and methyl bromide sterilization with an increased yield of white clover of from 4 to 6% over 12 months. At one harevest more than a year later, responses greater than 20% were recorded. In yellow-brown loam in Taranaki infected with both H. tnifoi and Afeloidogyne hap/a similar treatments improved yield by up to 13% over 12 months: during the first 2 nmonths after treatment improvement was as high as 108%. 0429 HIRt.ING, W. [Pathogenic nematodes on maize In Baden-Wiirtemburg. If. Lesion nematodes (l'rafkenchus spp.) and the cereal cyst nematode (leterodera arenae). The control of Injurious nematodes on maize.] Schiidliche Nematoden an Mais in laden-Wurtemberg. II. Wiesenalchen (Pratylenchus spp.) und Getreidezystenilchen (tIckrodera avenae). Bekampfung schadlicher Nematoden bel Mais. Anzetger fur Schadlingskunde Pflanzen- und Umiveltschutz (1974) 47 (5) 65足 69 [De, en] Landesanstalt Fur Pflanzenschutz, Stuttgart, Germany. Praflyenchus is recorded as a pathogen of maize for the first time in BadenWurtemberg and teter(Vdera avenae for the first time in East or West Germany. Symptoms of infection were areas of bad germination or inhibition of growth which persisted until harvest. Maize is a good host for Pratylenchusbut a poor host of H. arenae. At heavy soil infestation, however, Ifeterodera larvae penetrate the roots and cause loss of yield. Only males become adult. Chemical control of pathogenic nematodes (Ditylenchus dipsac, Pratylenchus spp., leterodera avenae) is possible but not economical. Foliar feeding helps the recovery of young damaged plants. Control of weeds is important. 04 30 LUNDIN, P.; JONSSON, H. A. [Weibull's Brlitta - a new medium.late dlplol.' red clover variety with high resistance against clover rot.] Weibulls Britta en ny medelsen, diploid rbdkl6oser med hog resistens mot kl6verrota. Agri Hortique Genetica (1974) 32 (1/4) 44-54 [Sv, en] Plant Breeding Inst. Weibullsholm, Fack. S足 26120 Landskrona, Sweden. The new medium-late red clover variety Britta, marketed in 1974 for southern Sweden, has satisfactory resistance to Difylenchus dipsaci with more than 50% resistant plants. It is also more resistance to Sclerotinia tn'fo/iorurn than any other diploid red clover cultivar in commerce in Sweden
;0431
MORAES, M. V., DF; LORDEtLO, 1. G. E.; PICCININ, 0. A.; LORDE1t.O, R. R. A. [ilo3t plants for the coffee root-knot nematode ileloidogyne exigua] Pesquisas sobre plantas hospedeiras do nematride do cafeeiro, Meloidogyne exigua Goeldi, 1887. Ctincia e Culftura (1972) 24 (7) 658-660 [Pt, en] Inst. Agronomico do Estado de S~io Paulo, Campinas, Brazil Trials at Ribeirdo Preto, Brazil showed that of 36 local crops and weeds only Citrullus iulgans and AIlium cepx were susceptible to Afeloidogyne exigua. Stizolobium aternmutr, Canara/ia ensiformis, Leonorus sibiricus and Cassia obtusifolia are new hosts for M. javanica and M. arenaria was recorded from
Dolichos lablab
0432 RIVOAT, R. [Damage to the early growth of maize In western France
due to cultural methods and parasitism. Eelworm disease of maize caused by the
cyst nematode of cereals, Ileterodera arnae.] Accidents vsg~tatifs et parasitaires au
dibut de la croissance du mais dans PoutLst de la France. La maladie vermiculaire
du mai's cuase par le nematode i. kyste des cereales, Heterodera avenae. (C.R.
Journe Inf., 26 Avr. 1973, Rennes. Groupe de travail mats.). In Sciences Agronomiques Rennes. Rennes, France; ENSA, INRA. (1973) 223-224 [Fr] INRA.
Lab. de Zoologie, ENSA, Rennes, France.
144
Cyst nematode disease on maize has been reported since 1971 and becomes apparent a month after sowing i.e. June/July, by a reduction in height of the maize and atrophy of the root system. Heterodera arenae populations increase little on u433
HIUSAIN,
L.
Aglenchus parhulus n.sp. (Nematoda: Tylenchidae) found
associated with the roots of Sorghum rulgare [Abstract]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Scienceq. India (1967) 37, 184-185 [En] Section of Plant Pathology. Dept. of Botany, Aligarh Muslim Univ., India. Aglenchus psrvuhis n.sp. was found associated with roots ol Sorghum vulgare (locality not mentioned). Only body measurements and relationships of the species 5.0 are given. 6 females: L = 0.34 to 0.40ntm; a = 22 to 26; b = 4.7 to 5.0; c to 5.4; V =61 to 64; spear = 8 to 10 jam. 5 males: L =0.34 to 0.38ram; a =28 4.8 to 5.2; c = 3.7 to 4.0; T = 26.3; spear = 8 to 9 jim. It is related to 36; b to A. parus (Siddiqi. 1963) n.comb. but differs in having a shorter body, short post-uterine sac, anteriorly located orifice of the dorsal oesophageal gland and vulva-anus distance greater than tail length. Pathological effects of Heterodera 0 4 34 ABOUL-EID. If. Z.; GItORAB, A. I. ca]anl on cowpea. Plant Disease Reporter (1974) 58 (12) 1130-1133 (En] Plant Protection Dept., National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt. In glasshouse studies, an Egyptian population of Heterodera cajani inoculated on to cowpea ( Vina unguiculata unguiculata cv. Balady) [formerly Vigna sinensis caused a retardatton in the emergence of leaves, flowering buds, coloured flowers and growing pods and a reduction in their number and in plant height and yield. Histological studies showed that the 2nd-stage larvae penetrated the elongation region of the root and ai the feeding sites caused the formation of thick-walled syncytia, mainly in the vascular bundle tissues. Meloidogyne graminis and GRISHIAM, M. P.; DALE, 1.L.; RiGGs, R. D. Meloidogyne spp. on zoysia; Infection, reproduction, disease development, and control. Phytpathoogy (1974) 64 (12) 1485-1489 [En] Dept. of Plant Pathology, Univ. of Arkansas, Fayetteville 72701, USA. In greenhouse experiments, root growth of 3 cultivars of zoysia (Zoysia japonica, 'Meyer' and 'Emerald' zoysia) and 'Sunturi bermuda-grass (Cnodon magennish) was depressed following inoculation %kithAleloidogyne graminis, but 4 and 7 months later the fresh root and top weight o1 inoculated plants did not differ significantly from uninoculated plants. The rate of infection and development increased with temperature; the optimum for development on Meyer zoysia was 28*C. AM.incognita and AM.hapla also infested all 3 zoysia cultivars, but M. hapla developed more slowly than the other 2 species. The presence of A. incognita and M. hapla was associated with hyperttophy and hyperplasia of the surrounding tissues but giant cell formation, and not hyperplasia, was the predominant histopathological reaction at the feeding sites of Af. praminis. Destruction of Al. graminis on zoysia was achieved by immersion of infested roots for 10 min in water at wiC.
*0435
Effect of Hoplolaimus 0436 HAIDER, M. G.; NATHt, R. P.; PRASAD, S. S. Indicus on germination of green gram. [Correspondence]. Current Science (1975) 44 (I) 28-29 [En] Agricultural Research Inst., Dholi, Muzaffarpur, India. In laboratory experiments, germination of Phaseolus aureus in dishes of sterilized sandy soil was reduced by about 20% in the presence of 100 Hoplolaimus indicus and by progressively larger amounts at higher inoculum levels. In ritro studies on the feeding habits of *.04 37 NANDKUMAR, C.; KHERA, S. Pratylenchus mulchandi and loplolaimus indicus on pearl millet roots. Indian Journal of Nematology (1973, publ. 1974) 3 (2) 138-142 [En] Central Rice Research Inst., Cuttack, India. Observations arc recorded on the feeding behaviour of Pratylenchus nmulchandi and Hoplolaimus indicus on the roots of pearl millet, Pennisetum typhoides The former species is more mobile and prefers to feed near the root tip between the meristematic region and region of differentiation. Hoplolaimus indicus prefers to feed on the cortical tissues. * 04 38
URR, C. C.; MOREY, E. D.
Anatomical response of grain sorghum roots
to root-knot nematodes. [Abstract.]. Journal of Nematology (1974) 6 (4) 148 [En] Agricultural Research Serv;ce, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Lubbock, Texas 79401, USA.
[Response of fertilized and non足 0439 SOSA MOSS, C.; GON7.ALEZ, P., C. fertilized corn to 4 different population levels of the Mexican race of Heterodera punctata (Nematoda: Heteroderidae).1 Respuesta de maiz chalqueho fertilizado y no 145
fertilizado a 4 diteremes niveles de tleteroderapunctata raza mexicana (Nematoda: Heteroderidae). [Abstract]. Nematroeica (1973) 3 (1) 13-14 [Es] Rama de Fitopatologia, C.P.E.N.A Chapingo Mexico. 0440 CAUBEL, G. [Damage to the early growth of maize in Western France due to cultural methods and parasitism. Note (,nthe stem eelworm of maize.] Accidents vigitatifs etparasitaires au debut de lacroissance du mais dans louest de laFrance. Aperqu sur len(nmatode des tiges du mats. (C.R. Journe Inf., 26 Avr. 1973, Rennes. Groupe de travail mai's.). In Science Agronomiques Rennes. Rennes, France; ENSA, INRA. (1973) 225-227 [Fr] INRA, Lab. de Zoologic, ENSA, Rennes, France. The ecology of Dityenchus dipsaci on maize in western France is briefly outlined. Control is best effected by careful rotation, avoiding good hosts, and by thorough weeding. -04 4 1 CAVENESS, F. E. Plant-parasitic nematode population differences under no-tillage and tillage soil regimes In western Nigeria. [Abstract]. Journal of Nematology (1974) 6 (4) 138 [En] International Inst. of Tropical Agriculture, P.M.B. 5320, lbadan, Nigeria. In Ibadan, Nigeria, numbers of Pratylenchus spp. were greater under a tillage regime, while Meloidogyne incognita juveniles and HelicotYlenchus pseudorobustus were more numerous under a non-tillage regime. D-D controlled Pratylenchus equally well in tilled and non-tilled soils. HJEALD, C. M.; MENGES, R. M.; WAYLAND, 3. R. Efficacy of ultra. high frequency (UiF) electromagnetic energy and soil fumigation on the control of the reniform nematode and common purslane among southern peas. Plant Disease Reporter (1974) 58 (11)985-987 [En] Agricultural Research Service, US Dept. of Agriculture, Weslaco, Texas 78596, USA. Hidalgo fine sandy loam infested with Rotylenchulus reniformisand Portulaca oleracea was treated with ultra-high frequency (UHF) electromagnetic energy and/or 1,3-D before planting with southern peas ( Vigna unguiculata unguiculata cv. Blackeye). Soil nematode counts at 50 and 82 days after treatment indicared that soil fumigation with 1,3-D at 74.8 litres/ha controlled nematode populations more effectively than UIF energy at 400 or 800 I/cm2 , in particular at the earlier date. Counts at 19 days after treatment showed that the higher level of UHF energy alone effectively controlled nematode populations to a soil depth of 10 cm, whereas 1,3-D controlled them to depths of 15 cm. The effects of 1,3-D plus UHF energy (1,200 J/cm') wsas difficult to e,'aluate as soil fumigation alone virtually eliminated the nematode aid gave pea yields equal to that of this combined treatment. Yields were significantly increased by UIIF energy at 800 J/cm2 or soil fumigation, but yields from the latter were much higher. Mean plant heights were also significantly increased by soil fumigation and the combined treatment.
:,0442
',:0 4 4 3 JOIINSON, I. T.; DICKSON, D. W. Evaluation of methods and rates of
application of three nematicide-insecticides for control of the sting nematode on
corn. Proceedings of the Soil and Crop Science Society of Florida (1973) 32, 171足 173 [En] Dept. of Agronomy, IFAS, Gainesville, Florida, 32601, USA.
Dasanit 15G, Furadan lOG and Mocap lOG were applied to maize fields (Orlando fine sand) in Florida, USA, heavily infested with Belonolaimus longicaudatus before (one or 2 lb a.i./acre), at (one lb a.i./acre) or 21 days after planting (one lb a.i./acre); Dasanit 6SC was applied at one lb a.i./acre at planting or 21 days after. Grain yields were increased by 21 to 121% (mean 75%), ear weight increases averaged 33%, and an average of 1.33 ears/plant was obtained compared to 1.08 ears for the untreated control plot. Banding the materials in the drill furrow at planting was more effective than the same rate applied before or after planting, and the higher preplant rate was more effective than the lower one. Grain yield and ear weight were significantly correlated with the number of B. longicaudatus 7 weeks after planting. 0 4 4 4 POWELL, D. F. Fumigation of field beans against Ditylerehus dipsac. Plant Pathology (1974) 23 (3) 110-113 [En] Plant Pathology Laboratory, Hatching Green, Harpenden, Herts., UK. Field bean seeds ( Vicia faba) heavily-, lightly- and apparently non-infested with Ditylenchus dipsaci were collected in Htertfordshire, UK, and fumigated with methyl bromide at 18'C. Fumigation of 600 to 2,000 mg hr/litre failed to kill all the worms in the heavily infested seed, but, except with the lowest dosage, killed all worms in the lightly infested seed; only slight but significant reductions (1.7% at 800 mg hr/litre to 4.2% at 2,000 mg hr/litre) in the percentage germination occurred. Fumigation at 3,000 mg hr/litre killed all the eelworms in heavily infested seed whereas 2,500 mg hr/lit-e did not, but these treatments resulted in substantial decreases in germination. It is concluded that standard commercial treatments of
146
1,000 mg hr/litre should give good control under normal conditions, and that treatment should preferably be applied to seed of approximately 12% moisture content. with an exposure of at least 24 hr. Interaction of a mosaic virus 0 44 5 GOSWAMI, B.K.; SING S.: VERMA. V. S. with root.knot nematode Aleloidog.rne inrcognita in lVigna sinensis. A'cmatologica (1974. pubi. 1975) 20 (3) 366.376 [En] Di. of Mycology and Plant Pailhology, Indian Agricultural Research Inst., New Dehi. 110012, India. In glasshouse experiments. V$na .inensi.s seedlings were inoculated with Melodogne incognna or cow ea mnn,,c snus a!one, with both simultaneously, with nematodes 10 days after the virus o- with virus 10 days after the nematode,, Root and shoot growth of plants in,"culated with nematodes only or with virus 10 days after nematodes was stunted. Valls/g root%were fewer in plants inoculated with both pathogens together or with viru followed by nematodes 10 days later (when much of the root system ssas less suitable for neinalode penet'ration) Virus concentration in h. cowpcas appeared it be unalTcied by the presnce of nematodes in the roots. A comparison of pre-plant and post.plant nematlldes 04 46 RIIOADES, H. L. for controlling sting nematodes. Proceedings of the Soil and Crop Science Society of Florida. (1971. publ. 1972) 31, 260-262 [En] Agricultural Research arid Education Center, Sanford, Florida 32771, USA. In experiments conducted on field corn, sweet corn and cabbage growing in sand infested with Belonolaimus ongicaudatus, pre-plant applications of D-D and granular formulations of fensulfothion (Dasanit), a mixture of equal parts of thionazin and phorate, carbofuran (Furadan), prophos (Mocap), fenamiphos O足 (2,4-dimethyl- 1,3.dithIiolane-2-carboxaldehyde and Tirpate (Nemacur) (methylcarbamoyl) oxime) gave good nematode control. Post-plant treatments were t,s consistent in tl;eir efficacy. Identification of plant parasitic 0447 BOO.NDUANG, A.; RA1ANAPRAP. D. nematodes of Thailand. Systemic study of Cricorematidae in Thailand with descriptions of three new species. Plant Protection Seriice Technical Bulletin, Department of Agriculture, Bangkok. Thailand (1974) No 22, 16 pp. [En] In this supplement to an earlier paper on the Criconematidae of Thailand [see Hm/1B 44, 1624] the following species are described and illustrated: Criconenioide.s humilis, C dorsolcu.is n.sp.. Heinicriconcmoid.s birchficldi, cursatus, C Hemicvciiophora tcsseclata n.sp. and Lobocriconetna rara n.sp. C dorsofle.ius. based on 2 females from Euphoria longan, is roost closel related to C curvatus but is curved dorsally instead of ventrally in death. H. tesselata, front Citrus grandi. is described from 5 f.males and differs from all other known species of the genus in the form of the tail which is filiform with an acute terminus. Two females of L. rara were found on Croralaria juncea and are similar to L.crassi.nulata but with longer body (350 and 400 gr) and more rounded, conical terminus. PONTE, J.J. DA; FREIRE, F. C.; CHtAGAS, J.M. F.; VASCONCELOS, 1. [An in vitro test for pathogenicity of plant parasitic nematodes.] Provas de envolvendo nemat6ides fitoparasilas. [VI Congr. An. Soc. patogenicidade in vitro Bras. Fitopat., Pelotas, RS, Brazil, Fey. 1973. Abstract.]. Fitopatologia (1973) 8 (1) 17 [PI, en] Univ. Fed. Ceara, Fortaleza, Brazil. Phaseolus semierectus was grown in vitro in tubes and illuminated for 12 hours each day. The sides of the tubes were partially covered with black paper. Meloidogjne javanica eggs and larvae were used as test nematodes, and pathogenicity judged by root galling of non-illuminated roots. Symptoms appeared within 18 to 25 days. 044 8
Evaluation of some 0449 ABIVARDI, C.; MOKtTARZADEH, A.; SHARAFE1t, M. varieties of alfalfa, ,Medicago sativia (L.), for their resistance to the alfalfa stem nematode, Ditylenchus dipsaci (Kfihn 1857) Filipjev 1936, under laboratory conditions. Nematologia Mediterranea, (1975) 3 (I) 55-63 [En, fr, it] Dep. of Plant Protection, Pahlavi Univ., Shiraz, India. Forty-two lucerne varieties from Iran and other countries were screened for resistance to Dit vlenchus dipsaci. The vatiety Plaskowa front Poland produced no swollen seedlings, the variety Arnim's Altdeutsche 194 from Germany produced 11.4% swollen seedlings, and all the other varieties produced 34 to 82% swollen seedlings. Flowever, air examination of the galls of varieties Mohajeran-e-Hamadan (Iran), Culver, Lahontan and Grimm (USA), and Melissopetia Lamia arid Lamia (Greece), showed that no females had been produced one month after sowing. In Sechin-e-Haniadan (Iran) only a few males and non-gravid females were observed in some galls. Moapa (USA) and Altfranken and Kurmarsk-Ostsaa (Germany) tolerated nematode attack and gave high yields in spite of having many swollen seedlings and active nematode reproduction. 147
0450 EGUNJOtI, 0. A. Nematodes and maize growth in Nigeria. 1. Population dynamies of Pratylenchus brachyurus in and about the roots of maize
and Its effects on maize production at Ibadan. Nematologica (1974) 20 (2) 181-186 [En, fr] Dept. of Agricultural Biology, Univ. of Ibadan, Nigeria. Populations of Pratylenchus brachyurus under maize during
1969-1971 at
lbadan, Nigeria, were very low during the dry season (November-April) but increased rapidly from March during the growth of the maize crop, peaked during
June-July 4-5 months after the crop was sown and then quickly declined to low levels. Much smaller rises occurred later in the year with peaks in November, 2-3 months after the sowing of a second crop. Very low numbers of P. brachyurus were
found each year under weeds which may possibly help to sustain the populations of this nematode during the dry season. Maize yields during 1970 were 28.5% lower than in 1969. This reduction was associated with and may have been the result of a
55% increase in the P. brachyurus populations in the maize roots. 04 51
GRUJIICC, G.
[Studies on plant parasitic nematodes of maize plants.]
Prilog prou:avanju parazitnih nematoda na kukuruzu. Bijna Zaffita (1974) 5, 193 [Sh]
Ditylenchus dipsaci, Pratylenchus crenatus, P. thorne P. neglectus, Meloidogyne incognita, M arenarna and M. j'avnica are recorded from maize in Yugoslavia. 0452
KLINDI'?, 0.; PEIROVIW, D.
[Contribution to the study of plant
nematodes on roots of maize.] Prilog poznavanju fitopatogenih nematoda vezanih za korijen kukuruza u SR Bill. Biljna Zaitita(1974) 5, 193-194 [Sh] The incidence and distribution of Praolenchus Helicotylenchus and Rotyknchu.s [?] on maize roots from 13 localities in Yugoslavia is recorded. Rotylenchus f= Rotolenchulus borealis is new for Yugoslavia.
0453 RASKI, D. J. Revision of the genus Paratyenchus Micoletzky, 1922 and descriptions of new species. Part 1 of 3 parts. Journal of Nenatology (1975) 7 (I) 15-34 [En] Dept. of Nematology, Univ. of California, Davis 95616. A revision of part of the genus Paratyleachusis reported covering thtose species with stylet averaging <22jim. 13 new species are described, viz: Paratylenchus humiis on Theobrorna cacao in Brazil, P. leioderrntis on sugarcane in Indonesia, P serricaudatuson Camellki jalmnica in California, USA, 1.goldeni on Bu.sus sp. in North Carolina, USA, 1 breviculus in soil around Ncphehium lappaceum in Thailand, 1' alleni on Atnple.r confertifolia in Utah, USA, P.colbraniin soil in Queensland, Australia, E. iariabilis on Rhus trilobata in California, USA, P. italiensis in soil in Sicily, Italy, P. leptos in soil around Pi)per sp. in Brazil, P. longicaudatu; on Equisetun sp. in California, USA, P. obtusicaudatus in soil around Sorghum sp. in Kenya and P. perlatus on Theobroina cacao in Brazil. Observations on the morphology and relationships of 9 other species are given. leinicriconeinoidcs gabrici (Yeales, 1972)n.comb. is proposed for Paratylenchus gabrielYeates, 1972. *-0454 NORTON, 1. C.; HOFFMANN, J. K. Longidorus brevinnnulatus n.sp. (Nematoda: Longidoridae) associated with stunted c-)rn In Iowa. Journal of jVernatohsi (1975) 7 (2) 168-171 [En] Dept. of Botany and Plant Pathology, Iowa State Univ., Ames, USA. Longidorus breliannulatus n.sp. is described from females and larvae collected around maize roots in Iowa, USA. Females are 4,019 to 5,151 (4,755) lim long and have flattened knob-like lip region, wide bilobed amphidial pouches extending to spear guiding ring which is 21 to 26 lim from anterior end of the body, an odontostyle 81 to 88 (83.2) pm long, an odontophore 28 to 45 (35) pm long and a conoid tail which sometimes has a short broad peg in adults (c=lll to 143). Females maintained on sorghum and originally collected from a tobacco field in Ontario, Canada, were L. brcviannulatu. In a preliminary greenhouse test, L. bresiannulatusincreased on maize from 100 to 4,120 individuals after 322 days. In fields, largest populations occurred in soils containing over 90% 'And. v 0 4 5 5 BIRD, A. F.; LovEYs, B. R. The incorporation of photosynthates by
A1eloidog'ne jaranica. Journal of Nematology (1975) 7 (2) 111-113 [En] CSIRO,
Div. of Horticultural Research, Post Office Box 350, Adelaide, South Australia 5001.
Signilicant uptake of C" by Meloidogyne jaranica occurred 24 hours after
exposuie of the host plants ( Vicia faba and tomato) to an atmosphere of C"01 for
30 min. The rate of incorporation was related to the nematode's physiological age
and reached its peak at the time eqf-laying commenced. Galls and egg masses
harvested 5 days after exposure to C Oj contained about 6 times as much C" as
did adjacent root and about half of this activity was located in the egg mass. The
results support the hypothesis that the nematode functions as a metabolic sink and
the nutrients required originate at least in part from the products of current
photosynthesis.
148
Effect of Mfeloidogyne incognita on 0456 CHtAPMAN, R. A.;TURNER, D. R. reproduction of Praiylenchus penetrans In red clover and alfalfa. Journal of Neniatology, (1975) 7 (I) 6-10 [En] Dept. of Plant Pathology, Univ. of Kentucky, Lexington 40506, USA. Seedlings of red clover and lucerne growing in nutrient agar were inoculated with various combinations of Akeoidogyne inctu'nita and I'rarhnchns penctrans. Egg-laying by P. penetrans decreased with incr'ase in the number of nematodes, in the ratio of A. incognita to P penetrans entering the roots, and in priority of invasion by A. incognita. In red clover the reduction was greatest when 65 nematodes invaded, the ra'io of AM.incognita to P penetrans was 4:1 and M. incognita was inoculated 4 days before P. penetran. In lucerne, a less favourable host for both nematodes, the corresponding figures were: 45 insading nematodes, a ratio of 2:1 and inoculation of Al. incognita 4 days before P. penetran.s No effects were observed on the embryogeny and hatching of P. penetrans eggs, the development of A!. incognita larvae or root penetration by either nematode in the presence of the other. The distribution and abundance 04 57 GRANDISON, G. S.; WALt.ACE, H. R. of Prat)lenchus thornei In fields of strawberry clover (Trifolium fragiferum). Nematologica (1974, publ. 1975) 20 (3) 283-290 fEn, de] Dept. of Plant Pathology, Waite Agricultural Research Inst., Univ. of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia. Variations in the numbers of Pratylenchus thornei in Trifolium fragiferum roots and soil sampled during November 1970 t, July 1971 at 8 sites within a 30 km radius of Adelaide, Australia, were found to be closely correlated with soil texture (% clay). Other soil factors appeared to have less influence. Populations of P. thornei reached maximum levels in surnmer in clay soils and in winter in sandy soils. The maximum numbers were greater in the clay than in the sandy soils. -045 8 GRtFFtN, G.D.
Parasitism of nonhost cultivars by Ditylenchus dipsaci.
Journal of A'ernatology (1975) 7 (3) 236-238 fEn] Crops Res. Lab., Utah State Univ., Logan 84322, USA. In growth-chambers at 20 C. seedlings of sweet clover (Melil/ous indica), onion,i tomato, sugarbeet and wheat inoculated with the lucerne race of Ditylenchus dipsaci (20 per plant) %ere parasitized by the nematode and, 14 and 28 e.ys after inoculatton, showed characteristic symptoms of attack. Nemiatode reproduction did not occur on an, of these plants but, at 15 C, plant mortalities ranged from 20% in sugarbeet and tomato to 100% in onion. Mortalities of plants inoculated 32 days previously with 50 D. dipsaci per plant were greater at 15 than at 20C in some plants but at 25 C there %%ereno deaths, except ofonion. Resistance of sweet corn cultivars to plant-parasitic JOtHNSON, A. W. ,0459 nematodes. Plant Disease ReTorter (1975) 59 (4) 373-376 [En] Agricultural Research Service, US Dept. of Agric., Coastal Plain Experiment Stn.. Tifton, Georgia 31794, USA. In plot experiments in Georgia, USA, during 1970-72, 15 cultivars of Zca mays were evaluated for resistance to Criconemoides ornatus, Aeloidogne incognitz, Jfelicoltlenchus dihystera and Trichodorus christei Judging by plant height and yield, Seneca I It) and Seneca Explorer were most resistant while Spancross was the most susceptible. C ornatus, Ii. dihystera and T. christei were the species mainly responsible for yield reductions. Soil treatment with D-D at 93.5 litres/ha increased the average yield of all cultivars by 10%. Combined use of nematicides and resistant cultivars is suggested as a means of delaying the build up of pathogenic nematodes to damaging levels. Crop rotation and *046 0 JOttNSON, A. W.; DOWLER, C. C.; HAUSER, E. W. herbicide effects on population densities of plant-parasitic nematodes. Journal of Nematology(1975) 7 (2) 158-168 [En] Agric. Research Service, US Dept. of Agric., Tifton 31794, USA. Georgia Coastal Plain Experiment Sin., The influence of various herbicides and mono- and multicropping sequences on population densities of nematode species common in corn, cotton, peanut and soybean fields in the southeastern United States was studied for 4 years. The applicat!on of herbicides did not significantly affect nematode population densities. Meloidogyne incognita and Trichodorus christici increased rapidly on corn and cotton, but ,cre suppressed by peanut and soybean. More Pratylenchus spp. occurred on corn and soybean than on cotton and peanut. Criconcrnoidesornats increased rapidly on corn and peanut, but was suppressed by cotton and soybean. Jklicotylanohus dihyistera was more numerous on cotton and soybean than on corn and peanut. Numbers of Xihinema aincricanun remained low on all crops. The peanut sequence was the most effective monocrop system for suppressing most nematode species. Multi-crop systems, corn-peanut-cotton-soybean and cotton足 ioybean-corn-peanut, were equally effective in suppressing nematode densities.
149
0461 AUSTRALIA, QUEENSLAND DEPARTMENT OF PRIMARY INDUSTRIES Annual report 1973.74. Brisbane, Australia. (1974) 64 pp. [En, Plant nematology
pp. 48, 49.]
In Queensland, Australia, Nemacur and Mocap treatments increased yields of pineapple infested with Radopholus sirnils and controlled the nematode. Aphelenchoides be.se)'i has become a serious problem in strawberry. The significance of its presence in seed heads of P1anteuo, ma.,inotn var. trichoglume Eragrostistenuifha and a large number of other grasses is being investigated. 04 6 2 CAUttEI, G.; III tsrN, J. 1'. [Nematodes on leguminous plant seeds.] Les nmatodes et les senences de lcgoinnieuses. Bulletin. FWdc;iution Natiinale des ,4gricteu-r.s 'fultiphfcateur de Seinenes, ari' (1972) October, I-8
[Frl
Synptoms of infestatinit of lncerne and red clover with Ditilsenchus dipsaci are described. The results of exanlinations of seed and seed debris are given and
demonstrate the inportance of conlanti.,ited seed in tie spread of the nematodes.
Control of the nermatodes by treatment of tie seed with Inmethyl bromide is
recommended and is described. Addresses are given where seed treatment call be
carried out in France.
,.'0463 NlIrKs. C. F.; 1:t tot. J. M. )amage to flue-cured tobacco by the needle nematode Longidorus elongatus. Canadian Journal of Plant Science. (1973) 53 (3) 689.692 tEn. fr] Research Stn., Agriculture Canada, Vineland Sin., Ontario, Canada. Tonbaccio seedlings in Ontario, Canada, wvere severely damtaged by Longidorus ci'gatlills,tile fiI record ill t)ita rio (if daimage by this nematode to an economic
crop. In greenhouse tests, Zea mais vat. s'accharta and Sorghurn tulgare were
good hosts and tobacco. rye and Ms.hcatwcre poor hosts. The dantaged tobacco
seedlings had followed a crop of sorghtoo wvhich is here recorded for tile first time
as a host if this nenatode. Foliar applications of Vydatc [oxamyl to stunted
tobacco seedlings reduced tile numnber of L. clihngaltas in tle surrounding soil, but
did not inprose plant gross th possibly because tie neina ticide ssas applied too late (about 5 sseeks after transplanting) It is considered unlikely that control of L.
ehinga tics ill tobacco ficlds il
('anada %kill be necessary because most growers use
nenialtcides to control rl'atlkntchu Ipcnier,un and tie crops normally grown in
rotatioi stsIt lobacco are not hosts of needle nentodes.
0464 JOitHNSON, A. W.; Ill IN, G. W. Comparisin if millet and
srghnt-srtangrass hbrids groimi in untreatedt soil and soil treated with tvo nernatieides. Jrnvn of',oati'At (1973) 5 (I) 54-59 [IFn] plant Science Research
t)is. Agricultural Rearch Scrsice, Coastal plain Experiiment Sin., Tiftoni,
(eorgia 31794. LISA.
Aldicarb aind Itl;a t8138 fiplcnatniphos] oth lit 11.2 kg active
ingrediert/iecrlare %sereeffective in increasing lit plant height and yteld of pearl
miillet ( 'erinlsltrn g/l.ll'iun) and siirgluum-snulagra ss h)rids naturally infected
%sith 0 slccies (If ieiTiAitOLes. ini USA. Pr.t lenchlu," spp. and fi'!, n ns
A'toici",ut v 5i5cr hliohn to he primtarily espoursible for reduction in Yield. Millet ,1id .orghlm-rIdallgl-.s l.ibrids siio"pirtcd large iniiinibers of Ciii'oeiirnides '5 iatns. PIat"r. /ils. spp.. 1). h,n,icainatis, and Aio,henta aonerrc',ninn. Fitk's 'olghnln X stldurgriss I l)brid 7S \yas iore scnsitive to iniurv th% the nemnatode
comiplex than %%ere lift 23A .. 186 or Gahli.t pearl millet. 'Tillate' pearl millet wsas IIimoc re',istan
th:i
other ln
niilltls or sorgllonls to injiiy
:ased tby
. urnato1,
Iix I 'n'liiispp.. lric'hohlr, chrstic' arid Ii. htrgiauul imitusNIi(let and , tghunt. 'idlangrass hbrids are por '.inner cover crops because they favour intensive
Ic lopnen i of 1' hr.ich.k irts, I /eai, F chrisii.and I. hvigikiatu.v
0465 NICEvlI N, 1; SAI I. G, A.; tiiORNIY, I). The effects of
dazomet and fertilizer nitrogen on field beans ( Vicia faba I..). Journal ol
Agricultural Science (19i73) 80t (I) 105-110 t[EuI Rothansted Experimeital Sin.,
Ilarpenden. Ilerts., IK
The miin %ield of ficld beans ( Vieia f vi) gr;wn for 3 coisecutive years oil a
site infested ssitli niigraiory nenaltles (mainly 7richohrir. 7)lenchorhliinchts and
I'ratrlenchtus)%%as 1540 kg/ha iii untreated soil and 1870 kg/ha in soil treated with
dazoinel at 451) kg/ha, applied in autumn, fFollowed by rotavali to i a depth of 15
cii and suibsecqent molling. Fertilizer nitrogei in anourts up to 250 kg N/ha
decreased yield tii 9t) kg in untreated soil but increased it to 2220 kg in soil treated
will da/onet. Fcrtilier nitroigen did not aTect nematode numnbers or root
blackening bitt dclemred nodlation and increaw d mycorrhizal infection by
Entligi ire sp. iil untreatted soil. I)a/urmet greatly decreased nmlers of migratory
nemattdes of tire genera t'lVeinchorh.irnt~hts and rrichodorus and elimirated
I'ratylenchus. It hal little effect ott root blackening itt tile op I0 cm of soil but
decreased it inntire next 10 cm. Infection witlh Einlogone was almost elimitnated.
150
',0466 ELGIN, FAUL.KNr.R, L.
J. II., JR.; R.; EVANS,
GRAY, D. W.
F.
A.; I'+-Ai).N, R. N.; Optimum inoeulum levels for
screening alfalfa seedlings for resistance to northern root-knot nematode in a controlled environment. Plat Disease Reporter (1073) 57 (8) 657-660 [En] USDA, Irrigated Agriculture Research and Extension Center, Prosser, Washington 99350, USA. Lucerne seedlings were screened for resistance to Amelohogyne hapl using aqueous siispensions of 2nd-stage larvae. The optimum level of inoculun was found to be 600 to 800 larvae per plant and infection was more saisfactory for plarts grown in flats than for plants grown in small vials. rie student It' test indicated that the level of root galling was directly related to the number of femiales within the roots.
0467 MILLER, L. I. Development of a Virginia isolate of Aleloidogi'ne arenaria on eighteen inbred lines of Zen mats. [Ab.tract]. Virginia Journal of Science (1973) 24 (3) 110 [En] Dep. Plant Path. & Physiol., V.P.I. & S.U., Blacksturg, V'. 24061, USA. O lb inbred lines of Zea mai's growsn for 2 months in soil infested with an isolate of Meloidog.ne arenaria from a farm in Virginia, USA, only 2 became hcailv infested. No galls or egrmasses Weie found on 6 line, and the other 10 wcre .ight'y infested. 0468
WASIINGION
AGRICUIJURAL.
L'tIERIMEN1
STATION
1971 research
progress. Bulletin, Washington Agriculhral Evperionent Station (1971) No. 734, 58 pp. [En] Front Plait Breeding Abstracts 4Z 6989, 6993. Of 18 varieties of lucerne tested under conditions of infestation with Ditylenchus dipsaci, Nevada Synthetic WW gave tie greatest yield of dry niatt,:r per acre. 0469 BINGEFORS, S. Breeding for nematode resistance. Svenges Ulsadesrdrenings Tidskrifl (1973) 83 (Supplemett) 24-31 [En, rul Swedish Seed Association, S-751 05 Uppsala, Sweden. The present situation in Sweden is reviewed with regard to breeding resistance in cereals against Heterodera avenae, in potatoes and tomatoes against H. rostochiensi, in red clover and lucerne against Ditylenchus dipsaci a few other crops and nematodes are also mentioned. 047 0 RIVOAL, R. [Observations on cyst nematodes of cereals In maize cultures.] Observations sur des attaques du nimatode i kystes des cir&ales en cultures de mais. Phytona (1973) 25 (250) 17-18 [Fr] Laboratoire de Recherche (INRA), Rennes, France. Heterodera avenae was first found attacking maize in France in 1971. In 1972 attacks wre seen throughout the zones of intense cereal culture north of the Loire, 22 being confirmed. The most characteristic symptom is observed at the level of the seedling root system which becomes stunted. Unfavourable climatic conditions in 1971 and 1972, with cold, wet weather after the seed was sown aggravated the damage. Maize appear. to be sensitive to even vtry small populations of H. avenne as, although most cases of damage occurred when it was grown after several years of other cereals, a number were found after 3 years of growing non-hosts such as beet and lucerne. GAN. C. NI.; lIRD, G. W. Influence of concomitant I'rat-lenhus brachyinrus and .1fcloidog.ine spp. on root penetration and population dynamics. Juurnal of Nematology (1973) 5 (3) 212-217 [En] Dept. of Plant Pathology and Plant Genetics, Univ. of Georgia, Athens 30602, USA. Populations of Prat'lenchus brachyurus on cotton increased significantly in the presence of either Meloidogyne incognita or M. arenaria. This occurred with either qimultaneous inoculation or earlier invasion by M. inco anita. P. brachyurus penetrated cotton roots previously invaded by, or simultaneously inoculated with, A4.incognita as well as, or better than, in its absence but earlier invasion by Af. incognita suppressed P brachyurus reproduction on tomato and had no effect on lucerne and tobacco. Populations of M. incognita on cotton were generally inhibited by the presence of P. brachyurus. Simultaneous inoculation with, or previous itvasion by, P. brachyurus also inhibited root penetration by M. incognita. These findings emphasize the importancce of host susceptibility in the study of concomitant nematode populations.
*0471
0472 VERMA, R. S. Two new species in the subfamily Longidorlnac (Nematoda) from Uttar Pradesh, India, with a key to species of Paralongidorus Siddlql et al., 1963. Zoologischer Anzciger (1973) 190 (3/4) 170-174 [En] Div. of Entomology, U.P. Inst. of Agricultural Sciences, Kanpur-2, India. Paralongidorus major n.sp. and P. oryzae n.sp. are described from females 151
collected around roots of Zea mats and Or0za sat'va, respectively, in Uttar Pradesh, India. P. majorhas these characteristics: L = 5.50 to 6.40nim; V = 41 to 44%; spear = 116 to 122p.; spear extension = 50 to 85t; spear guiding ring = 32 to 35.1from anterior end; tail = 33 to 35L or less than one anal body width lon%; lip region set off by a constriction; amphidial pouches short, cup-like. P. oryzae is based on a single female with these characteristics: L = 2.56mm; V = 52%; spear 5 2
= .t; spear extension = 40.; spear guiding ring =25.L front anterior end; tail = 3011 or just over one anal body width long; lp region set off by a slight constriction; amphidial pouches short, stirrup-shaped. A key to the species of Paralongidorus is given. - 0O473 CAMI'Bm'I.I., W. F.; GRIFFIN, G. D. Fine structure of stem nematode. induced white flagging In AMedicago sativa. Journal of Nematology(1973) 5 (2) 123足 126 1En]Plant Science Dept., Utah State Univ., Logan 84322, USA. White flagging of lucerne, Medicago sativa 'Ranger', was found associated witlt Di'ylenchus dipsaci in the Columbia River Basin in nortlern Utah, USA, during 1971. This is a report on chloroplast changes, induced by D. diosaci in lucerne leaves, as observed with an electron microscope. Leaves from lucerne plants infected with D. difsaci were either devoid of normal pigmentation or displayed various shades of yellow-green. Cells of leaf tissue front uninfected plants exhibited normal chloroplast structure. fly contrast, the chloroplast structure in cells of leaf tissue front infected plants slioect progressive degraidation as normal pigmentation decreased ','0474 HAM.tEN, R. A.; llt.oom, J. R.; LUKEZiC, F. L. Hatching of Afeloidogjyne incognita eggs in the neutral carbohydrate fraction of root exudates of gnolobiotlcally grown alfalfa. Journal of Neinatology (1973) 5 (2) 142-146 [En] Dept. of Plant Pathology, Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park 16802, USA. A[loiduyne incognita egg masses were incubated in soil sterilized by gamma irradiation and wetted with root exudates fimm lucerne plants at different stages of development and subjected to various degrees of clipping. Carbohydrate components of the exudates were identified by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. A significant stimulation of hatching was detected in exudates of seedlings and ol flowering plants but the importance of this is doubtful because hatching in distilled water was always greater than 50%. Hatching did not differ among exudate samples from variously clipped plants. Incubation of eggs in soil moistened with o l0, to I0 Al solutions of gle-ose did not result in increased hatching over that in distilled water. *047 5 Et GiN, J.H., JR.,EVANS, D. W.; FAUI.KNER, L. R. Swelling reponse of alfalfa seedlings to initial stem-nematode infection. Crop Science (1975) 15 (3) 435足 437 (En] ARS, USDA, Field Crops Lab.. Beltsville, MD 20705, USA. Germina:itg seedlings of 7 cultivars of Medicago saliva were inoculated with 1000 Dit.lenchuo dtsaci per row of 20 germinating seedlings. 3 and 24 days later the seedlings were rated for cotyledonary node swelling and nematode populations. The degree of node swelling at 3 days was directly related to the numbers of nematodes in the coivledonary node: at 24 days it was directly related to the nematode population,, it' both tie cotyledonary iode and in the hypocotyl. Little change was seen in the degree of node swelling between dys 3 and 24 indicating that this %ynipton is a response to the initial rate of nematode infection. In the selection by breeders of resistant plant varieties, selection at a later stage is urged, such as after 12 to 16 weeks. when nernatode reproduciion has significantly differentiated bel,cen resistant and susceptible seedlings. 0476 CAUBEL, G. [Stud' of th(. penetration of Ilitylenchus dipsaci into maize seedlings.] Ltude de la penetration de Dirtlenchus dipsaci dans les plantules de mais [Abstract]. In Simposio Jnternacional (XII) de 'einatologia, Sociedad Eur'pta de Neniatologos, 1-7 Septiembre. 1974. Granada. Spain. Granada, Spain. (1974) 19-20 [Fr] I.N.R.A. Zoologic, Rennes, France. In France, damage to maize due to Ditylenchus dipsaci was more severe in plants sown inApril than in May. Nematodes invaded the stems a few days after germination when the soil temperature at a depth of 5 cm was IO'C. Adults appeared in 2 to 4 weeks. Toppling of the plants due to stem damage was severe by late June, 0477 JOtHNSON, A. W.; CIIALFANT, R. B. Influence of organic pesticides on nematode and corn crworm damage and on yield of sweet corn. Journal ol Ncmatology- (1973) 5 (3) 177-180 [Ent Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Georgia Coastal Plain Exp. Sin., Tifton 31794, USA. Soil fumigants and non-volatile pesticides increased growth and yield of sweet corn 'Seneca Chief' over that of control plants in a 3-year study. Nematicide treatments increased average yields by 31% over controls, but did not significantly affect the mean weight per ear. Increase in yield was related to control of 152
Belonolaimus longivauaatus, Tnchodorus christiei and Pratylenchus zeas Non足
volatile chemicals more effectively reduced populations of B. Jongicaudatus and T chrisiei than did soil fumigants. Aldicarb did not control Cnconemoides ornatus All pesticides controlled P. zeRe Pesticides did not control Heliothis zea effectively. 0478 NEW ZEALAND. DEPARIMENr OF SCIENIIFIC AND INDUSTRIAL RrSEARCII Report for the year ended 31 March 1973. Wellington, New Zealand Government Printer. (1973) 79 pp. [En, Plant nernatology p. 17] All lines of white clover [ Tnfolium repcn.,] examined in a study of the effect of root-knot nematodes ,n pasture legumes in New Zealand have proved highl) susceptible to ,eh'idoeyne hapla. Field experiments are in progress to examine tIe effect of M. hapla and phosphate level in soil on establishment and subsequent growth of white clover and to compare the effectiveness of nematicides and methyl bromide sterilization as control methods. The alfalfa stem nenatode, Di.'lenchu 0479 AtIVARDI, C.; SIARAFEl, M. dipsaci (Kiihn 1857) Filipjev 1936 as an important threat for cultivation of alfalfa in Iran. Neniatologia 1editerranea (1973) 1 (I) 22-27 [En, fr, it] Dept. of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Pahlai Univ., Shiraz, Iran. Ditylenchus dipsaci is reported for the first lime in Iran where it caused serious danae to hlierrnl. 0480 CAt'Iti., G.; RiVOAt, 1R. [Observations on attacks of too nematodes harmful to maize in 1971.] Obsersations stir Ics attaqces e dei.s ictinalodes iu, ibles al liiis eli 1971. P/i tontia (1972) 24 (239) 15-18 [Fr] laboraloire de Zoologie de l'ENSA, Rennes, France. Field ini'esligatlion ill 1971 and laboratory studies of the effects of Dilkn'hus dl,..a'i on nlai7c in France arc reported. In the field the attack becomes appare! at the beginning of July; plants in circular or elongated patches start to fall early and during this month almost all the affected plants are flattened; the flattening does lot icoitinue nch after August and plants at the periphery develop normally. More rarely, tlie altack is difuse, affectig plants scattered throughout lie plot. L.ongitudinal ections of affected plants at the point where the break occurs show blackisl necrosis shich spreads through tlie whole base of file plant. Secondai , roots are absent aid tle interiodes are very short. Climatic conditions in May and June appear to be extrenicly important, daiip, cool weather retarding grovtIts if the ma/c and perliiiiing optilum deselopment of tlie iicinatodes so that they become well estailished swithin tlie stein. The beet (also parasilizing oals). onin. cliier and 5trawsberry races of 1) die'saci are capable of alacking mai/e. Iltcrodra atseot' is also reported causing disease in maize, observed for the first Ioie in Normandy anl lcatuce in 11171.In these regions tlie signs of altack appeared in JtC, the pl;lts shoving poor vegelatie growth and becoming stunted, uith an atrophied root s stcii. AIthough maize is only a mediocre host for I. ,iienae thlie damage caused ssas not negligible but, probably rcsuled from tle unfavourable climatic conditions which prevailed in May 1971. The significance ol these attacks is discussed aiid it is poioted out that the possibilities of ccotrol are limited and can only be by cultural rnethods. Plant-pirastic nematodes in irrigated soils of Alberta. 0481 ll.\vN, E. J. Ca.indian I'l:ii Diwease VuirlvY (1973) 53 (I) 29-30 [Eln Research Stn., Canada Dept. of Agriculture, I.ethbridge, Alberta, Canada. In a survey in 1971 of 72 irrigated fields of Medicago sativa in Alberta, Caniada. TIenchus, Aph/lenchs, Ditlnchtls dhipsaci and Ty/enchorhynchtn ac'ttlt wuere each found in 75% or more of the fields, Praiylenchus projectus in 56C,. Aphc'tchoiule. in 40%,'V,'hinie aii 21% and Pralylenchus in 8%. In the follomii g car 7 irrigated crops were sampled and the percentage occurrence of the same neiiatode genera anid species (except Xiphinina) is tabulated. Ditylenchu dip,,ti occurred most ofteiC and1Iraftlnchus least. The crops sampled were Jhaseolus v'ugarts, sugar-ee, potato, zca tiats ano lucertic, jhasun aaiitm, carrot. lost range of the -10483 JArAtA. I'.; JLNSI:N. II J.: SIIAItUKutso, R. A. Diyhindhus radicicola and its distribotion in grass root-gall nematode'. Willamette Valley, Oregon. 1',.it Diseasse Reporter (1973) 57 (12) 1021-1023 [En) Dept. of Iotanv and Plant Palhology. Oregon State Univ., Corvallis, Oregon 97331, LISA. E'xperiieital stidic (if tle luusi range of the Oregon population ., Dichlicshu radicicoLi indicate thai it is a physiological race or biotype. 17 of 27 plant species and all 10 varieties of Puuapraten.aiv tested wer. susceptible. Newly recorded hosts are: ..lgropirioi dIserlortioi, EIlmuts jtnceus. Festuca rubra, .Sorghti halepetter, S. .sikoien.e and Z/'a niats. Ilighest iumbers of galls were recorded oi the /'oa i'raevilsis varictics Sydsport. Arista and Prato and the Hordetim ul/care varieiy Luther.
153
0 4 8 3 MIL..ER, L. .; lox, J.A. Specificity of resistance of inbred linesof Zen ma.ps to races of A1[eloidogjne incognita. [Abstract]. In Intcrnatioa: Colr.ss of I'ant Patholgy (2nd).Afinneapo/lis, Afinnesota, September 5-12 1')7. . bstraciq o1 pape . St.Paul, Minnesota, USA: Anerican Phyiopathological Society Inc. (I173) No. 0861 JEn] Virginia Polyicchnical list. and Siate Uni, .. Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA. 0484 Sttt'SrUPEROV,
A. A.
[The
effect of phytohelminths on
growth and
development of red clover.] Byollcten" I'stjo'uoznogo Institula Gel'intohgii irn. K.. Skryamba (1971) No.6. pp. 121-126 [Ru, en Red closer w,,,as
in the laborawt, y in soil naturally infesied with grown nematodes oblaicd front a locality illihe Moscow regiori, USSR, where there appears to be considerable nernatode damage. Plants were also grown in soil sterilized wilh boiling water (with or without subsequent addition of a suspension of microflora). Species or groups of nenatodes found are listed, a large proportion being J'araty/nchus pryectius. Population changes among [te nenatodes on plants and iii the soil, and details of plant growth and development are recorded. It is concluded from tie results that the phylohhlioinih conplex delays growth and development of red clover, reduces numbers of plants and their foliage, dry-weight and winter hardiness, and increases susceptibility to pathogenic organisms and low soil moisture. 0 4 8 5 FURSTFtiERG, P. J. The effect of cultivation on soil nematodes, especially Rotylenchulus parrus. [Abstract]. In Simposio Internacional (XII) de Nenatologia. Sociedad Europea de Nevmatoloos, 1-7 Septiembre, 1974, Granada. Spain. Granada, Spain. (1974) 31 [En] Univ. of Port Elizabeth, South Afica. Culisation of maize on previously undisturbed veld in South Africa was follos ed by a massive increase inthe poppulafion size
ofRotile'cho/uv prvus.
0486 Si I .s\N(i. I). [Some nematological problems incitrus crops inCuba.] â&#x20AC;˘\lgtio, problciia, nicnaiolog ,, ie io citricos en Cuba Rciis ti e Agricnlrra, Ctd.t (lQ71) 4 (2)65-71 [ls.eti[ Of 35 citrus sariclic, examined at Santiago de las Vegas, Cuba, all except Aet--/opsls t'hcl'kiier ,ild V rcle/c panieUita \ere infected with Trlenchuh/s 10111/1'170r.ils ,e. /l.arint/ '. f ll/a ta. Clroti/ws gilletianaand Stii ii /cgh gh/inosa (thel:si2 b experimcnal infection) are n.vwhost records. Other neiaoiodes fonid arc listled. Ro hi 'nchuls rcn/brtois infects I'iPeraria hirsuta (Iropic;Jl kudsu) a coscr crop for citrus planiaions, as wkell as citrus, but kudsu is oll b;ulaice iiefillili pIlanlt ion agronlin . , l'in /i t inc(Itriz ta ss'as not i,i/ssinjlis ssa not founad.
considered tobe a proillen and Rh
048 7 1'\).\v, It. S;:VI km, A. C. Disease of runite (ge':tl ,11 Vl..associated ,ith cereal rootnennatode I/ile'rtder: a, toa. WVollciheler, 1624. [Abstractj. J'otecdils ofthe ih ldi..tt S Scienc' (Indian ou.rcsi Asso,'atic i (1)7)) 57 (111)551-552 0Ofsillsamples ex;tllilli cl fr"liimiiefichls it Raijasith n.,lli, 4(it %%ere positike for Ih'tcrodv'/iti ;ite',ic )image caiuised is hriculy
dcscrilicd. Ilcdciice t" ot her iieni;ilodc
is gi\Cil
0488 ANDIRSiN, R. V. Morphology and description (if Ihliothe'nehus crassatus n.sp. (Nematoda: Iloplolaimldac) from eastern Canada. Canadian Journal of Zooh.g (1973) 51 (11) 1195.1200 [En, fr]Entomology Research Iost., Canada
Dept. of Agriculture, )ttawa, Canada.
Ith/icor'henc/, craswitus n.sp. is described froni o5cr 100 adult females found oilred closer (type hos?) ineastern Canada. ItisInostsimilar to H1.aih'dinii'cus bit can be distinguished by the sclerotiiation of he head skeleton, sizeand position
of
the anterior cephalid. and thickness of the vagina. The norphllogy and diagnostic
value of the cephalic receion and renroductive Iracl are discussed.Males are, as yet,
unknown.
0489 TIKYANt, M. G.; Kitt-RA, S.; BltAINAGAR, G. C.
A new species of
Alphelenchoides from Jodhpur. [Abstraci]. I'rikeedings o/ the Itdian Science Congress Associi'nh (1970) 57 (I1) 463 [EnI Two feoial-s of the genus ..
1phelencho/lds from the rhizosphere of Siorghttn io/garc are reported as a new species It is not named or described.
fsO490 ClIANG, D. C. N.;CAMP'II II. W. F; GRIFFIN, G. 1).
Ultrasiructure
changes indced by stem nematodes in bypocotyl tissue of alfalfa. Journal of Nematology (1973) 5 (3) 165-173 [En] Dept. of Horticultural Sciences, National Taiwan Univ., Taipei, Taiwan, China. Scarified seeds of Mediago sativa vars. Ranger and Lahontan were allowed to imbibe water for 36 hr and then were inoculated with DitrIenchus dinv,1ci
154
Seedlings were grown in stehriet 'rovo sand at 20 U and hypocoiyl sections harvested .t I, 3 and 7 days. No morphluogical symproins of iciatode infection were observed in infected plants of either Ranger or Lahorlan lucerne one day after inoculation. Electron micrographs of tissue from the infected plants, loweser, indi,:ated more osmiophilic bodies (lipid bodies) per cell than did the uninfected control, with more lipid bodies present in Ranger than in Lahontra. Three and 7 days after planting, swollen hypocolyls could be seen; the degree of swelling was greater in Ranger than in Lahontan. Electron micrographs of infected tissues indicated that Ioti cullivars were undergoing tlie same kind of damage. Ihnured organelles w,'ere endoplasinic reticului, chloroplasts and tlie nucleus. tlistochenical staining indicated no changes in the middle lamellae. I R ; Es " , I.If. llistopathogenesis of lrassicarapa and Zea 0 4 9 1 Oiltnis. mais infected b) I'rat.hlihu. penetrann~v [Abstracl). In hterntionalCotogre.s of M.'a)..itmno..ii./o. AfMwnemv'a. socplcler5- 12, 107.A. Absracrs of Pl'i l'.hh,)'/.s tono. USA American Phyltpalhohogical Society Inc. (1973) pi, ,. St Iniu. No. 10)7 [Ln \Lcdinald (ollege of McGill Unis . Ste Anne de Ilelleue, Quebec. Canada Effect of potassium fertilization and I'rat.,ncus 0492 Willis. C. It. penetrans tn forage yield and potassium content of alfalfa. [Abstract). lin Minnesota. (-nd). Alohn',poli, International L nbire% uI"l' Ploit lIitho /oy September 5-12. 1Q73.... lor.wtp ofal'.qwr%. St Paul. ,Iinnesot a. USA: American Phytopathological Society lire. (1973) No. 1099 [Err] Agriculture Canada Research Sin., P 0. Box 1210, Charfottetc-.n, Prince Edward Island, Canada. Life cycle and host-parasite relationships of Aglenchus Zealand Journal of Agrcultural Research (1973) 16 (3) 373-380 [En] Dcpt. of Zoology, Univ. of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand. The life-cycle of .4glenchus costatus cultured on the roots of Loh.,i perenne ill water agar at 18 to 20 C took 27 to 35 days. Deselopment rime for each stage is given together %,ith ineasurements of eggs, juvenile stages arid adult feniales and feeding on root hairs and epidermal cells is described. Developnent of tre eggs look 5 to 7 days at 25 C, 6 to 7 days at 20 C, 13 to 17days at 15 C, while only 2 of 12 eggs hatched at 10 C after 25 arid 26 days respectively and none at 5 C in 30 days. Feeding on 10 grass species and 2 clovers ( Trifoliurhr rpens arid T. do/nhmn,) was observed in agar culture and confirmed in pots of soil. In water agar individual specimens of A. o.5ratus sere attracted to ryegrass roots from distances of up it) 20rm. No preferences were observed when the nrematodes had a choice of 2 host species.
* 0493
Wool,
F. H1.
costatus (de Man, 1921) Meyl, 1961 (Nematoda: Tylenchidac). Neu
:.0494 Wool), F. II. Iliology and host range of I'arat.1'lenchus projectus Jenkins, 1956 (Nematoda: Cricntmatidae) from a sub-alpine tussock grassland. Nei; Zealand Journal of AgriculturalResearch (1973) 16 (3) 381-384 [En] Dept. of Zoology, Univ. of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand. Feeding of Pararylenchus profttus (collected from Fcstuca noia'-zela diae in New Zealand) on epidermal root cells of Lolium perenne growing in agar culture is described and measurements are given of 4th-stage juveniles arid females from the cultures. The complete life-cycle from egg to egg took 36 to 38 days at 18 to 20 C. Populations of the nematode became established on 10 species of grass and on Tnifolium rernsarid T. dubium grown in sterilized soil in tie glasshouse. About 50 % of individuals in all populations were non-feeding 4th-stage juveniles and this stage is considered to promote the success of the species by being able to survive adverse conditions. [Distribution of the bulb and 0495 CAUBEI., G.; MUGNIERY, D.; Rivomt., R. stem nematode Ditylenehus dipsaci (Kiihn) Filipjev, in the soil of a field of red clover under attack.] Distribution de I'anguillule des bulbes et des tiges, Diylenchus dipsaci (Kiihn) Filipjcv. dans Icsol, a l'intrieur d'un foyer d'attaque sur trcfle. Atinals de Zoologic - Ecologie Aninrale (1972) 4 (3) 385-393 [Fr, er] Centre de Recherches, I.N.R.A., Icole nationale superieure agronomique, 35 - Rennes, France. Damage caused by Ditylenchus dipsaci in a plot of red clover, where contamination has been through the seed, showed itself in circular patches throughout the plot. Within each patch, the distribution of the nematodes was heterogeneous, being dense at the centre and more scattered at tie periphery. The ratio of numbers of other species to D. dipsaci was about 10:1 so that the calculations for D. dipsaci cannot be directly transposed for other species. Distribution of D. dipsaci is aggregative arid follows Taylor's rule (1961). Using a logarithmic transformation, it is possible to study the distribution of D. dipsaci statisticalls ard to Clevis;e a samp ing techntique. Ai estimation of the density of a population may be irade by taking 50 samples, each of 20gn of soil, at aidepth of 15 to 20cm shere ite nematode is concentrated.
155
0496 AIIIVARDI. C: SHlRA rE, M. Laboratory and field evaluation of seven insecticides for conlrol of the alfalfa stem nematode, Dito'knchus dipsaci (Kuhn 1857) Filipje% 1936..¥ematologia lediterranea (1975) 3 (1) 75-81 [En. fr, it] Der. of Plant Protection, Coll. of Agric , Pahlavi Unim.. Shiraz, Iran. In pol experinments. spraying Dii'lenchus dipsaciinfcsted lucerne plants with monocrtophos (Aodro) 24c, EC as a i/4,000 aqueous dilution of active material, with parathion 251 EC at 1/8,000 or with dic'ecron (phosphamidoll) 207C EC, di:iethoate 40% EC. rneta,) stix 20,+ EC. or gusarhion (Uilion) 20% EC at conceniratiom, of 1/2,500 in each cas- sigificantlv reduced the number of nemarode, e\tracted from the buds 3 days later: all the treatnents were similar]% efiective. Iln the same esperinent DDVP (dichlorvos) 50% EC at 1/1000 wa's ineffectisc Motionless nematodes recocred b% disection of buds from treated plants regained motfilhi after aeration In field Irtal dimethoate at 400 g ai./ha wnsasthe most eflectme. goluing the great"si pruwt.h mirease Parathion was phyotoxic al 125g a.i./ha 0497 CAttll t, G. [Nematolhgical problens nit maite in France: present knowledge and possihilitlies of control.] Problmes ninmalologiqmies dt mais en France: cmimm:1mssa oces actuelles, possibili ls dinitelentiou 'lloltrie 1'h.topharmai, (I 971) 22 (I) 39-47 [FrJ INRA, "NSA, 65 rue ie St. lrietic. 35Rennes. France. lite autlhr revicws brielly lhm nemiatide iMch attack maiie in France, particularly those recorded in receut yea s, amid mnniies lite nielhods of control. ull.enhu dlpscil i%condered to he tile omoist iinportint species. 0498 DIS.,N/i. C. P. Significance of nematodes assiciated with field corn.
[Abstract]. In hitFero;natiolnal L.onpe.,i t' kif"n 'ant who/p' (2nu), Miinrmajohl . Afinesm mva. Sepleimber .5-12. 1O7.?. ,|bIslractr of papers. St.Paul, Minnesota, USA: American Plytopathmological Society Iic. (1973) No. 0214 [Ent Agricultural
Chemical Dio.. FMC Corporaton. NIiddleport. New York 14105. USA.
lii studies it LISA and Canada, a direct ctorrelation was found between the
control by carbofuran iif plant-parasitic mnematodes, especially 1'raf'lenchus,
Trlhhorhnchu amd lihhou.=e'm'hmn. and' yielil (if maize. Control of
6:1enc/hmhin/ihum at tlhe begimineg of tle growing seasmin resulted in yield increase% of up to 2X) per cent 0499 KtAN, A. NI. Studics on plant parasitic nematodes associated with vegetable crops in Uttar Pradesh. Final technical report. Aligarh, India: Aigari Muslim Universily, Iotany Dcpartrne',. (1972) iv + 238 pp. lEnmt This report of w\ork carried out in lite period 1964/9, is divided into I parts. In part I tlie results of extensive sor% ys of plant-parasitic nematodes from sites all oler Ultar Pradesh, India, are presented in tabular form wsith information ott iiist crops and frequenc of occurrence. 102 species of 33 genera of Tylenchida and 56 species of the l)or~ la mida and Enoplida were identified and are listed. New taxa are described amd figured as follo s Ahhmcloniodere/la n.g. (type A. inifica n.sp.) from tomato; Iffrchiiiinimela .Aipita n.sp. from paddy soil: If. oli, n.sp., fron paddy soil; J'aur(isMnm1l/ n.g. (type P. ninmlla n. comb.) is erected to accomodate species
of aurodonfi ha ing a robust body, a short conves comoid, ditylenchoid tail and
basal oesophageal hulb wlh a distinct stem-like extensio (i.e /'1arodonleli ooinutli n. comb. for arsrothiohnsmm, Jm'ni 5/m/in hntella aptiic.a o.comb. for IRairodiu,
aliuicus, I'.ir),onitella nlutw ncomib. for i'mnrmlntu5 ni'ger, IaurdminieIla donna
incomb. for i'.urins, imm ndins); foh l lori,5 t ipici n.sp. frot Narciumm
I/ni iophora i,ropora ii.sp. from Raphsmiem satiu.s and S~ccharutil olcinaromn
Noth, .i hnchus ctitricus isp. amd Nl. hi :gl.1ph/ n.p. fron cabbage and
potato; N.i/hi ai ,'p fiomi ..llhimni
tin lo:ti,,hrmi ,. grmtins .sp. from
Echms hi cohmum , Allim cepa and Ariocarimiv intoerili ; Ecphadophr.
Itim i.sp.. from J'rint pr'Csm: Lt icmI/purien-i5 li.sp front Paidiwo A'Ojala ..Ipheo'nho/i.. aharhic ss i sp. from citru, pimp:in and cabbage soil; Seinurt
proloran. sp. from O0m. /a inar and I'ia fit a; Thornmedki is emended to include T
opnrtlisi7h'phn it %p a species wilh a siigle posterior ovary from P1iunmm saittum.
!o.nigidiire/,'a miniisinia n.sp. friin polato; L. aratnoikal/a nsp. from cabbage. Part
I contains reports of extensive work oi thlie ecology and pathogenicity of 7:rleonhorh)nchu.s brasicaeand M/iidmigne hitcnita oi local crops. lie effect of N, P and K content on root-knot development and effects of soil moisture, fungi and other nmicroorgastnt ott ieinatode popultions aid their pat hogen icity. Part Ill is concerned with contril, especially lie use of organic amendments. D-D and Vapain "ere generally more cffeclime thai Neinaphos, Thiimet I0G, Solvirex or Rogor G. E' tes ie trials %sithoilcakes of neeti, ground-nul, mustard, castor and sesame showed the oil cakes and their water soluble fractions were effectike netnaticides and fuigicide,. Other control methods investigated w,,ere tie use of crop rotations, Tagetes intercroppiug and trials of resistance of Lycopersicon piopie/ifoliumn arid tCUticlS tm root-knot. This report contains t vast anmount of well presented infoirmation which will fiori a basis for much further nematological work in India. It is also art example of a project that might well be considered by otler developing countries. It is only regrettable that the final report has taken so long to appear in print. 156
0500 Rromt si s. lIrn1CCo RtzSI;AtCII BOAtI. Abridged Annual Report for the year ended 30th June, 1973. Salisbury, Rhodesia: Kusaga Research Station (IQ73) 26 pp [F n, Plant netiatolog\ pp 15-16. 171 Control of .1feloidin 'gi i , llamnCain sandy tobacco-groing soil in Rliodei3 with DD/ IIC "as escellent. Ilayer 68138 at 8 kg/acti.c ingredicient/ha applied a 10"r erauilar and 41' eniulifiable concetntrate forniilations gas e better 31 illanica control than l)H treattent of 4 nil per plant stalioi. A comnparison of 2 formulations of 1.3-1) and 1)-D, both at 2 dosage rates. , ith EI) at 2 rates ,hoss ed bestcontrol to he sith II at 4 nil afl D-I) at 8 nil per plant. Obsersations in ntenatode plots at Banket Research Station include the fillowing: more than one species of ifeloidogtne may be present ott tobacco. on rice a high population of 1'rat lI'ichts and slightly looser one of Il'hlioirctlnchu.%" was inamtained during [lie year; Rot)Ai-zhuluii ariabili nunbers increased rapidly under maize. Breeding of tobacco resistant to 31. Jartaicais confrittuiLtr. 05 0 1 BIRD, NI, Nematode damage to clover. New Zealand Journal, of Agriculure(1974) 128 (5) 12-13 [En] A general account of damage caused to clover by Afeloidogyne hapla and Heteroderatrifolii inNew Zealand. and possible methods of control, is given. il
0 50 2 BRIDGE, J. Hloplolaimusseinhorsti,an endoparasitic nematode of cowpea In Nigeria. Plant Disease Reporter (1973) 57 (9) 798-799 [En] Imperial College, Ashurst Lodge, Ascot, Berks, UK. At Ibadan, Nigeria, Vigna sinensis is parasitised by 5 nematode species namely Meloidogyne incognita, ttoplolaintus seinhorsti, Rotylenchulus renifornis, Pratylenchus brachyurus and Helicotylenchus pseudorobustus Hoplolaimus seinhorsti is recorded for the first time on the African continent and on this host. It causes serious damage to cowpca, and soil populations were observed to increase from 100 to 3,800 /litre of soil in 9 weeks. IH seinhorsti was also found within the roots of rice, tomato, melon (Cucurnis inelo), okra and pigeon pea (Cajanus calan).
0503 DIcKSON. 1) W.; JOIINiSON. J T. Effect of rates and methods ot applyinp several nematicides on nematode populations and corn yields. Proceedinc, of the Soil and Crop Science Society of Florida (1974) 33, 74-77 [En] Dep. of Eutomolog, and Nematology, IFAS, Gainesville. Florida, 3261 I. USA. The effects of fensulphothron, carbofuran. ethoprop. Dyfonate lOG, phenarniphos. phorate and the 6SC and 4F formulations of fensulphothion and carbofuran, respectively, at 1.12 or 2.24 kg/hectare and of EDB at 14 litres/hectare ott grain yield and nematode control WtCl studied on maize in Florida, USA. The nenatodes irolved were Criconenoide.-s sp., Pratt lenchus spp., Belonolaimus longicaudatus,Meloidogyn ."co,nita, Tic,Lodorus christiei and Helicotylenchussp. Treatments increased grain yields and improved plant stand 30 and 1417 respectively. The largest yield increase of 46% occurred where the soil was heavils infested sith sting nemnatodes Application at planting was as effective as preplaut treatments 0504 NESTEROV, P. I; ItzOGUtRoA, L. P. [Nematode fauna of the blocoenosis of maize in the Moldavian SSR.] Kishinev, USSR: Izdatel'stvo "Shtiintsa". Parazity Zhirotny-kh i Rastenii(1972) No. 8, 122-132 [Ru] Examination of the roots and rhizosphere of maize in Moldavia (USSR), revealed 99 species of nematodes (listed), of which 33 were plant-parasitic and included the following pathogenic forms: Ditylenchus dipsaci, Akeloidogyne sp., At. hapla, Tylenchorhynchus c'lindricus, Pratylenchus penetrans, P. pratensis, Helicotylenchus multicinctus, Aphelenchoides sp. and A. subtenuis The vertical and horizontal distribution of the nematodes in the maize rhizosphere was also studied. 1-0505 OGnUJ. R. 0.; JENSEN, If. 1. Two Pacific northwest blotypes of Ateloidojwe hapla reproduce on corn and oat. Plant Disease Reporter(1974) 58 (2) 128-129 [En] Dept. of Botary and Plant Pathology, Oregon Agricultural Experiment Stn., Oregon State Univ., Corvallis 97331, USA. Populations of Afeloidogyne hapla obtained from II random collections in Idaho, Oregon and Washington States, USA, and including 5 biotypes were tested as pathogens on maize var. Gold Cross Bantam and oat var. Lee. Neither of these crops has previously been considered a host for At. hapla. Two biotypes reproduced on maize and oat and 2 others invaded oat roots but did not mature 0506 PtrEz MANGAS, M.; MONTESSORO, R. R. [Nematode survey on alfalfa (lledicago satira L.) in the State of Mexico.] Exploraci6n nematologica en el cultivo de alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) en el Estado de Mixico. Nematropica (1973) 3 (2) 51 [Es] Colegio de Postgraduados, Escuela Nacional de Agricultura, Chapingo, Mexico. Twelve genera and 9 species of Pratylenchus are named. 157
0507 PONI-E, J. J. DA [The diseases of the cowpea, l'igna sinensis Endl., In northeast Brazil.] Doenas do feijoeiro macassar, Vgna sinensis Endl., no nordest Brasileiro. Iloletim da Socwdade Cearense de Agrnomina (1972) 13, 1-12 [Pt, en] Escola de Agronomia, Univ. Federal do Ccari, Fontaleza, Cearii, Brazil. Afeloidog'ne infection is one of the major diseases of Vigna sinensi the stafile subsistence crop of Northeastern Brazil. Graminaceous or Crotalana rotations are recommended 0508 StELl ER, H.; MEINL, G. [The effects of the infestation of red and white clover by Ifeterodera trifolii and ileterodera galeopsidis] Die Auswirkung des Befalles von Rot- und Weisklee durch lIeterodera trifolii und )ieterodera galeolxidis Archiy lir Pfanzenschutz (1972) 8 (6) 463-470 [De, en, ru] In glasshouse experiments tie damage to red and white clover caused by H. tino was investigated at 2 levels of infestation. 500 larvae/100 cii' of soil reduced the dry-matter yield of red clover by 15% and 5,000 larvae/100 cmt of soil by 50%. Similar results were found for white clover. At the 2 levels of infestation, I. gaklopsidis caused yield depressions of 13c and 32%. respectively, it red clover, and of 14% and 22% respectively, in white clover. Both nematodes reduced re足 growth and flowering 0509 E3tNtOltl, 0. A.; LARIND., N A Nematodes and maize growth in Nigeria. 11, Effects of some amendments on populations of Praerlenchus brachrurus and on the growth and produ ion of maize (Zea ,nays) in Nigeria. N'emanololgia meducrranea (1Q75) 3 (I) 65-73 [En, fr. it] Dep of Agric. Biology, Unis. of lbadan. lbadan. Nigeria. F.,rmyard manure (rotted co,%dung plus 5,7 stray, of Pennisetum purpureum), aqueous extract of neem (.4zadrac-hia irdtca leaves boiled for 1.5 h). partially deca)ed dry cocoa pods (fruit husks of 7heobrona cacao var. Amelonado) and partially decayed cassava peelings (root, of Manihot utuli.sima). used as soil amendmenits. reduced soil populations of Pratylenehus brachourus around roots of Zea nh..is c. Lagos White, at harvest 14 ',seeks after planting, by 35, 72, 58 and 75%, respectively. Root populations of the nematode were higher than in the untreated control, except it the neem treatment. In spite of this, yields were increased by 83, 124 and 20% in plots treated with farmyard manure, cocoa pods aid cassava residues, respectively. Cotresponding increases ,ere observed in 'egezaiie growil, and bioniass of !ht- maei c pl, 05 1 0 VLS TAD, R. [Variety trials with alsike clover.] Forsok med alsike足 kloversorter. Forsneg og Forsik i Landbruket (1973) 24 (6) 601-614 [No, en] Inst. for Planteforedling og Getetikk, N-1432 Aas-NLII, Norway. In Norway extensive field trials supplemented with infection experiments showed alsike clover varieties to be much more resistant than red clover to red clover stem nematodes [Ditv/cehus dtipiici]. Nematode-attacked alsike clover plants developed very week symptoms only. It is recommended to replace some of the red clover it the seed itixtures by alsike clover where the soil is heavily infested with these nematodes 05 11 RitoAtfMS. Ii 1. Comparison of 2 methods of applying granular nematicides for control of sting nematodes on snap beans, sweet corn and field corn. t'roccdin., of the Sod and Crop Science Scfiet* of Fonda (1974) 33, 77-79 [En' Agri Re, and Education Cent.. Saifcrd. Florida 32771. USA. Good control of -l'hnolaotnshmn t'ats.atuiii and excellent increases in yield of I'hi.i,eolu, i uly-.ro, *. /e;t sar .s.'hc/h.tfa! and Z nta.s were obtained by appl. ing fet sulphothit. phenartipho, an.i cirbofuran at 2.24 kg/hectare. Slightly increised stands of s%5eet and field ccrn resulted from wide band treatments {granulcs applied ,' a 38 cm band. 5 to S cm deep before planting) compared with narro, band treatients (applied in a 20 cii band during planting). Ethoprop (at 2.24 kg/hectare) sa, effectlie b% both methods on snap beans and by the 38 cm band treatment on s,%eet and field corn. but was phytotoxic to corn when concentrated in the 20 cm band. Oxamxi at 2.24 kg/hectare gase good control on snap beans but ,,as sery poor or, ssect and field corn by both methods. 06 1 2 SALIUK(WAU. M. E. M1erlinius riciae n.sp. (Tylenchida: Nematoda) from Turkey and redescription of illerlinius camelliae Kheirl, 1972. Miologisch Jaarbek lodoae.i (1973) 41, 188-193 [En, fr] Lab. voor Morfologie en Systematiek der Dieren, Rijksuniversiteit, B-9000 Gent, Belgium. Merlinius viciae n.sp. is described from soil around the rodts of broad bean Viola faba) and parsely (Petroeflinum) at Istanbul, Turkey. The female is characterized by having 1.11 mm long body, 32ps long spear with backwardly sloping 71Lwide knobs; body striac averaging 1.3,t apart; lip region truncated, not offset, 5. high by 12 . wide at base, with 6-7 annules; spermatheca with sperms; tail 48pt long. cylindrical with hemispherical, annulated terminus; lateral fields on tail widening posteriorly and phasmids slightlv anterior to middle of the tail. The males
158
are 0.99 to 1.13 mm long and have spear, spicules and gubernaculum measuring 31 to 34p, 34 to 35.Âą and II to 12. long, respectively. At. camedliae is redescribed on the basis of a population from around the roots of garlic (Alliuln satirooi) from Istanbul, Turkey. 05 1 3 TANDON, R. S.; SINGII, S. P. Two plant parasites of two different families of nematodes parasitising lady finger (Abelmoschus esculentus) at Lucknow. Zoologischer Anzeiger (1973) 191 (1/2) 139-150 [En] Dept. of Zoology, Univ. of Lucknow, India. Hoplolaimus abelnoschi n.sp. and Aphelet.choide.s lucknotiensis n.sp. are described from the roots of Abelmoschus esculentus from Lucknow, India. Both secies are bisexual and copulation is described for If. abelmoschi. which species also occurs on roots of maize and scales and roots of onion at Lucknow. H. abelmoschi has lateral fields appearing as a very narrow interruption of the annules, 3 oesopi-ageal gland nuclei [depicted in figure I but not described] and is close to H. pararobustus from which it is said to differ in body measurements, and in the female having 5 labial annuls, spear 42 to 47. long, vul. a at 47 to 62% of the body length from anterior end, hemizonid 8 to 9 annules posterior to the excretory pore and oppoite the oesophageal glands. The male differs in the size of the spicules and gubernaculhm which are 44 to 47p and 13 to 18it long respectively. Females of A. lucknow,-nsis are 0.56 to 0.76 mm long with spear II to 141. long without distinct basal thickening [figures 12, 13 and 14 show otherwise], the lateral fields are marked with 4 incisures, and the excretory pore lies between the nerve ring and the median ocsophageal bulb or opposite the latter. The head is offset, the vulva at 65.75 to 72.0% of the body length from the anterior end, the ovary extends forward to the oesophageal glands with oocytes arranged in a single file, the post-vulval uterine sac is 2.5 body ssidths long and filled with sperms and the tail as a single ,entrally placed irucro arid measures 2.5 to 3 anal [body] diameters 2 long. The dorsal limb of the spicule measures 4y. long and the male tail carries a terminal, conical, sharply pointed mucro. , 051 4 iBIRo, A. F. Observations on chromosomes and nucleoli in syncytia induced by 11eloidogvne jaranic&Physiological Plant Pathology (1973) 3, 387-391 [En, 3 pl. (unpaged)] C.S.I.R.O., Div. of Horticultural Research, G.P.O. Box 350, Adelaide, South Australia 5001. Observations on chromosomes and nucleoli in syncytia induced in roots of Vicia faba by Meloidogrne javanica have shown that it) small syncytia mitosis is synchronous while in larger ones a phase lag occurs. II the early stages of formation of syncytia. cell wall break-down and cell fusion were observed. The growth of syncytia is thought to be by a combination of cell fusion and mitosis. Mitosis appears to be stimulated by the nematode only ii the pre-moult phase of development, though the chemical nature of the stimulating substance is unknown. The combined size of the nucleoli in the syncytial nuclei increases irregularly, often to a considerable extent, during growth of the syncytium. r'0 5 1 5 CAMPIELL, W. F.; GRIFFIN, G. D. Stem nematode-induced injury to alfalfa plants. Utah Science(1973).34 (3) 74-77 [En] Damage to alfalfa caused by Plitylenchus dipsaci is described and illustrated by light and electron microscopy of the hypocotyl region of infected and control plants. The symptoms of "white flagging" caused by D. dipsaci, which occurred in alfalfa in Utah, USA.. in 1970-71 are described. 0 5 1 6 CAUBEL, G. [Study of Ditylenchus dipsaci (Kiihn) Filipjev populations. Distribution and fluctuations in the soils of Western Fran'e in vegetable and fodder cultures.] itude des populations de DitYlenchus dipsaci (Kiihn) Filipjev distribution et fluctuations dans les sols de l'ouest de la France en cultures ligumiires et fourrageres. Annales de Zoologic, Acologie Animale. (1973) 5 (3) 309-324 IFr, en] Laboratoire de Recherches de la Chaire de Zoologic, .cole nationale suprieure agronomique, I.N.R.A., 65, rue de Saint-Brieuc, 35042 Rennes Cedex. France. The distribution and numerical fluctuations of Ditylenchus dipsaciin soil under clover and onion were studied in western France. Distribution was uprven and difficult to estimate quantitatively. Population density varied with th season, increasing slowly in spring when the soil temperature exceeded 15"C, with a rapid increase in May and a decline towards the end of September. Few individuals were normally found below 20 cm. but when placed deep in the soil they rapidly migrated upward in the presence of a host plant. The vertical distribution is influenced by the part of the plant infested, the stem in this instance. Adults were rare in soil and 4th-stage larvae made up most of the population. A seed-borne infestation does not increase much during tie first year of a host crop but a spot. infection at the beginning of the season spreads to give a low but regular distribution. Survival of the nematodes is linked to tile soil characteristics. 05 1 7
ESTEY, R. ff.; OGIGA, 1. R.
Cellular responses of turnip and corn root
tissues
to
by
Invasion
and
parasitism
159
Prutylenchus penetran
[Abstract].
Phytoprotection (1973) 54, 90 [Eni Macdonald College, Quebec, Canada. A study of root tissues of turnip (1rassica rapa)and corn (Zea inays) that had been parasitized by an axenic culture of Pratylenchus penetrans showed tissues in tile two hosts reacted similarly, whereas different tissues withinthat similar each host reacted differently. Endodermal cells of both hosts were discoloured, usually in advance of, or several cells away from, nematodes insimilarly the cortical tissue. Invaded cortical cells commonly collapsed, as nematodes adjacent moved through them, leaving cavities containing substances that appeared granular in prepared slide mounts of the tissue. 05 18 tIRLING, W. [Damage to maize by the cereal cyst (t1eteroderaavenae) and the technique of examination.] Schiden an Mais nematode Getreidezystenalchen (!leterodLera avenae) und die Untersuchungstechnikdurch das Far den Nachweis des Befalls. Gesunde Ptlanzen (1974) 26 (3) 58-62 [De. en] Landesanstalt rdr Pflanzenschutz, Stuttgart. Germany. lketerodera avenae infestation of maize in Baden-Wiiritemberg, Germany, is described. l.arvae invade the roots causing poor plant growth. Only males develop to maturity. WVhen the) leave the roots some recovery of growth may there is an estimated yield loss of 40 per cent. No cysts have been found occur but on maize. A technique for examining roots for tleterodera males is described. 005 19 YEA tLs, G. W. Annual cycle of root nematodes on while clover in pasture. 1. tleterodera trifolil in a yellow-grey earth. New" Journal of Aguicultural Research (1973) 16 (4) 569-574 [En] Soil Bureau, Zealand DSIR, Private Bag, Lower Hutt, New Zealand. From November 1971, to December 1972, fortnightly samples trifi, svere taken in an area in New Zealand which had been pasturefor Heterodera for at least 50 years and where the soil is Kokatau silt loam (a strongly yellow-grey earth), annual rainfall is 624 to 944 mm and there is typically gleyed a summer drought. Cyst numbers per 350 ml c,,re were stable at 600 to 800 except for periods in autumn and spring when they fell to 200 to 300. The decreases were correlated with the appearance in the roots of the white clover of larvae which developed and returned to tile soil as cysts. In spring invading larvae died in into females the roots but subsequent re-invasion led to counts twice as high as those in the autumn, probably due to more favourable soil moisture levels. Occurrence of larvae in the soil generally preceded root invasion and times of invasion corresponded with tht autumn and spring periods of pasture growth. The combination of H. trifoi, invasion and low soil moisture appears to be responsible for the growth and lack of vigour of white clover in these soils. Although poor autumn H. trifolii is regarded as the primary pathogen, secondary infection probatbty occurs also. ','0520 YIrAris, G. W. Annual cycle of root nematodes on white clover in pasture. 11. .leloidoglsne hapla and Ileterodera trifolii in a yellow-br, New Zealand Journial of Agricultural Research (1973) 16 (4) 575-578 wn loam. [En] Soil Bureau, DSIR, Private Bag, Lower Ilutt, New Zealand. From October 1971 to January 1973, monthly samples for Afeloidogne hapla and lh'tertotera tnrfo/iion while clover were taken from an Egmnont brown loam soil in New Zealand. This soil is friable, free-draining, yellow-brown loam which supports excellent pastures in a wet climate. Large numbers of larvae in the clover roots in the spring. As larval numbers declined tile were present number of H. inifohi females reached a peak and cyst counts were lowest when invading the roots. M hapla knots were abundant in summer and larvae were low in winter, indicating that this species overwinters as eggs in egg masses. Pasture spring corresponds well with invasion of clover roots by nematode larvae. growth in 052 1 Wt;isit:R, G. R.; ORCIIARD, W. R.; HlAWN, E. J. Jaraylenchus projectus in alfalfa fields of central and northern Alberta. Canadian Sursey- (1972) 52 (2) 75-76 [En] Alberta Inst. of Pedology, Univ.Plant Disease of Alberta,
Edmonton, Canada.
Soil adhering to lucerne roots from 43 locations in Alberta, Canada, was examined for the presence of the nematode Paratylenchus projectus. Counts ranged from 0 to 7,000 per kg of dry soil, with over 4,000 in 23% of samples. Most high counts wtre from areas %%here lucerne showed symptoms of poor of the chlorosis and reduced nodulation. The authors consider that the associationgrowth, of P. projectus with "alfalfa si.kness" should be investigated. 0522 EtoiN, . I1., JR.; litAitN, R. N.; FAUI.KNLR, L. R.; EVANs, D. W.; Gtiy, F. A. Reactions of 101 alfalfas to stem nematode temperatures. In Crop Science A.stracts, 1971 Annual meeting, Western at three Society of Crop Science. University of Wyoming. (1971) II [En] Washington State Univ., Prosser, USA. From Plant lnleedjng Abstracts 42. 2808.
160
0523 GRIFFIN. G. D.; IIIiNT, 0. J. Plant age, a factor determining resistance of alfalfa to Afeloidogyne hapla. In Crop Science Abstracts, 1971 Annual meeting, Western Society of Crop Science. University of Wyoming. (1971) 10 (En] Plant Science Research Div., ARS, Logan. Utah, USA. From Plant Breeding Abstracts
42, 2809. [Age of seedlings and temperature were both correlated with galling of lucerne by Meloidogyne hapla). 0524 Niut.o E. L., JRt. Resistance of selected alfalfa clones to the root knot nematode, Mlloidoglrne incognita. [Abstract.]. Phetopathology (1972) 62 (7) 780 [En] Univ. of Arizona, Tucson, USA. J. A. Interaction of genetic and A. J., JR.; Fox, :*0 52 5 WEBBER, e,,vronmental factors Influencing sex determination of [tfeloidogne graminix [Abstract.]. Phytopatholgy (1972) 62 (6) 673 [En] Va. Polytech. Inst. & State Univ., Blacksburg, USA. Environmental conditioning of the host plant, Cynodon sp., had a greater effect on the proportion of males in 2 populations of Meloidogyne graminis than did pre足 conditioning of the nematodes. However the population normally having a greater proportion of males retained this characteristic, indicating a predominant genetic effect. *0526 ROIIERTSON. W. K.; IIAtiMOD. L. C: LUNDY, 11. V'.: DICKSON, D. V. Effect of soil management practices on populations of nemitode genera In corn (Zea mars L.). Proceedi,e of the Soil and Crop Science Societ of Florida (1974) 33, 80-82 [En', Uni% of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA. In a soil management experiment numbers of Criconemoides spp., Belonolainus sp., Afeloidogyne spp., Trichodorus spp. and Pratylenchus spp. were not related to plant numbers of Zen maq)s or to soil fertility. Apparently, numbers of nematodes were greater, and damage occurred, before the maize crop reached the dough stage of maturity. Treatment with EDB at 57 lilres/hectare reduced Belonolaimus spp., Meloidogyne spp. and Pratylenchus spp. to trace levels in the following year, and in general Trichodorus spp. populations were also lower. Numbers of Criconemoides spp. were high and related to crop growth and rates of applied N. Populations of Cnconemoides spp. and Trichodorus spp., soil K and Mg and maize grain yields were higher when an asphalt layer was present 60 cm belos the soil surface. 0 5 2 7 ToWNSHtFND, J. L. Influence of edaphic factors on penetration of corn roots by Pratylenchus penetrans and P. minyus in three Ontario soils. Nematologica (1972) 18 (2) 201-212 (En, fr] Research Stn., Canada Dept. of Agriculture, Vineland Sin., Ontario. Canada. The optimum temperature for the penetration of maize roots by Pratylenchus pcnetranswas 20'C and for P. minyus was 30C. Moisture tension at 10 to 100 cm of water was bot for penetration, which was greater in a coarse sandy loam than in silt loams. S0 5 2 8 WIIITEIIEAD, A. G. ; FRASER, J. E. Injury to field beans ( Vicia faba L) by Tylenchorhynchus dubius. Plant Pathology (1972) 21 (3) 112-113 [En] Rothamsted Experimental Station. flarpenden, Hefts, UK. Barley was grown twice in pots of sterile soil inoculated with one or two hundred Tylenchorhyndhus dubius in distilled water. Although the barley was apparently unharmed the nematode multiplied several hundredfold. Vicia faba cv. Tarvin, grown in the pots, were severely damaged by the nematode; plants were stunted and root systems sparse. The method used could be adapted to suit other nematodes and crops. 0529 BRITAIN. MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE, FIsIIERIES AND FOOD. Stem erlworm on clover. Advio". Lealet, Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (1972) No.409, 5 pp. [En, Revised] The symptoms of disease due to Ditylenchus dipsaci attack on red and white clovers are described in this revised edition. Control is by crop rotation, the use of resistant varieties of red clover and fumigation of red clover seed with methyl bromide. 0530 CAM it1. G. Observations on some conditions influencing stem clsorm attack on. maize. (Abstract.]. In International Sroposium of Nemiatologr (11th). teoaloigits. Rcading. UK. .t.8 Septentber. 1972. Abstracts. Europoan Socic of Ni (1972) 7.8 fen, Fr] INRA, laboraloire de Recherche de la Chairc uc Zoologie, Relnic,. Fraoce. Ditylenchus dip~aci is increasin i il importance on maize in France. Cool wet 161
weather in May and June favours the nematodes and infestation results in lodging of the plants. Most attacks are on maize cultivated for the first time and a bad atlack often occurs in a crop folloing oats. 0531 D.SGL I I%, D. R.: SIsI.DrDR, A. R. Effect of age of seedlings and nematode density on host-parasite relationships of Roayenchalus reniformis and cow pea (Igigna sinnsis). [Abstract .1. III ltifernatloa/ Siyp,oim, of ,eorato/logi (1ith). Er,carrvaSoscit-* of A'ntoaohgists. Rvadr)i. 0K. 3-S Sepwtembr. AI'lralt, (1072) 6 [E] Div of Nematology. Indian Agricultural Research 1972. ist., Nes Delhi. Indi:a. In pot c\pericrirers. ailinioculhirn of 20 Rotl/c rcnrhuh/s reni il-ris/g of soil w:as irore dainaging on 7-day-old I yen., sirtt'ni seedlings than on older seedlings. Nenatode reprodntclion rate \sas greatest ,ithinocula of 1,000 nematodes/g of soil. 0532 Gruji'jC, G. [Occurrence and pathogenicity of parasitic nematodes on maize in Serbia.] Pojava i ,tetrnost parazilnih nematode na kukuruzu u Srbiji. Savrefnea J 'o/opnireda (1969) 17 (5/6) 667-672 [SIh, en]
Ditv/enchus dtpsalci has been found on maize in several localities in Serbia, Yugosla ia.Symptonis of attack include Iwisting and deformation of tile stenis an.d leaves and stunted and poorly-filled ears. Inoculation experihments were undertaken to deterinie ite race of stem nenralode present. Other nematodes of corn investigated %%ere Pratw/le/hus spp. and Acl/i'udoigint spp. Cysts, and sometimes young feriales of Ihelerodera punciata were also found. 0 5 3 3 Ks I ,IZ. A. First occurrence of certain riot-knot nematode species in Iraq. Iai, Disase Reportcr (1Q72) 56 (9) 824 [Fr] Plat pathology Div., AbuGhrraib, Iraq. ,hc/i uidr yn~rcfittanrica has been reported in Iraq rrna wide sariely of crops. Receill) M artntria was i'rnd oi svaernelrh ard fig arrd M. incognit on wsatermelon [Ctr//lus tilgarii%. peach and bean [ Vi'cia Itba[. Iris is tire first known record of tie last 2 species inIraq. All 3 root-knot nematodes were obsers ed oi tle samie salcrrnelon rorts It is hoped to conlroi these nematodes by tire use of chemicals, falloring arid by gros ingresistant varieties. 0534 Ti IIIN t'i %\. . G.; Ailt isV.N. M. [Nematde disease of lucerne.] Zrshchila Ri sti1(972i No. 6, 45 [Ru] The Iernalodes (if lucerne intire northern Caucasus sere Stidied..Itrcrtri'ee p1aratrifll is considered of greatest irrportanrce. since 833 hectares were founid infested outorf 1.267 hecares snrseed. 424 fill cysts containing 45,163 eggs and
larvae sere firord per 100 cintof soil. The neiiatode its int found t red clo\er
roots. The sNyimptons of disease caused by I1.paratrili"iion lucerne are described.
ti t\I [,\\Is, W. NI. Laboratory screening of white clover forresistance to stem nematode. ,Ve' Zea/and Journal of Agricultral Rcsearcl/ (1972) 15 (2) 363. 370 [En] Grasslands l)is., DSIR, Private flag, Palmerston North, New Zealand. A large number of while closer lines were screened for resistance to Dit)'lenc/hus u/psaci under New Zealand conditions. A rapid creening technique using seedlings ii filter paper rolls inoculated with nematodes in3% cellulose gum is described, Correlalion with field trials was not good and tire influence of nematode 'race' and of age of seedling at inoculation were investigated. Unsatisfactory results swere obtained ifplants were inoculated too soon (2 days) after
germination, Varieties differed in their relative susceptibilities to tire nematode, but susceptibility to a mixture of red and white clover race nematodes was no greater than to the while clover race alone.
*063
',0536 Wil IAMS, W. M.; IARCL.AY, P. C. The effect of clover stem eclworm on the establishment o pure swards of white clover. New Zealand Journal of
Agric/ltural Researchi (1972) 15 (2) 356-362 [En] Grasslands Div., DSIR, Private
Bag, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
A comparison was made of establishment of 5 white clover lines
sown as pure swards on soil infested with Ditylenchus dipsaci and oi uninfested Nemafos-treated
soil, On infested soil two lines found to be resistant (Morocco X "Grasslands 4700"
and Ladino x "Grasslands 4700") showed most rapid establishment and least
production loss due to poor establisihment. A very susceptible line from Israel
suffered severe loss due to eelworm attack, and the varieties 'Grasslands Huia' and 'Grasslands 4700', known to be of intermediate susceptibility, showed intermediate loss of production due to theeffects of eelworni on establishment. an All except the Israeli line recovered from the initial effect of celworm attack on newly
germinated seedlings and within 9 months from sowing were producing as much forage dry matter in the presence as in tle absence of eelworm. Recovery was possible by virtue of the sprawling nature of the white clover plant, the recovery
162
00 537 TuNtit, D. R.; CIAtMAN, R. A. Infection of seedlings of alfalfa and red clover by concomitant populations of Aheloidogne incognita and Prat'lenchus penetrans Journal of Neniatoklgy' (1972) 4 (4) 280-286 [En] Dept. of plant Pathology, Univ. of Kentucky, Lexington 40506, USA. A study was made of the invasion of 2-day-old seedlings of lucerne var. Buffalo and red clover (Trifolium pratense) var. Kenland by larvae of Afeloidogyne incognita and adults of lPratylenchus penetrans during one to 3-day incubation periods on 1% agar at 24 C. When the nematode species were, inoculated separately the numbers invading increased arithmetically with increasing numbers in the inoculum but P penctrans en!ered both hosts in greater numbers titan A. incognita. The preferred host of A. incognita was clover and that of P. penetrans lucerne, but root grouth ,f lucerne was inhibited more than that of clover by both nematodes. When inocula consisting of both nematodes in equal numbers, or 10 of one and 50 of the other species, were used, the numbers invading wvere not affected, but penetration of , . incognita into lucerne (but not into red clover) vas significantly reduced when 50 It, incognita and 200 P. penetrans were inoculated together. When large numbers of P. penetrans entered either plant, invasion by A. incognita was significantly reduced. In the reciprocal situation penetration by P penetrans svas not affected. There ire 36 references. ,0 538 WILLIS, C. B. Effects of soil p|! on reproduction of I'ratylenchus penetrans and forage yield of alfalfa. Journal of Nematology"(1972) 4 (4) 291-295 [En] Canada Dept. of Agriculture, Box 1210, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada. The effects of soil pI on the reproduction of Prat)ylenchus penctrans otn lucerne and the effects of soil pH and nematode infestation on forage yield of lucerne under glasshouse conditions were studied. Large numbers of nematodes were recovered from roots of plants grown at pil 4.4 after 9 weeks but after 18 and 30 weeks greater numbers were recovered at pH 5.2 and pi 6.4. The highest level of reproduction of P. penetrans which occurred at pH 5.2 resulted in the greatest decrease in forage yield. Soil pH had a significant effect on forage yields throughout the growing period. The interacticn of nematode infestation and soil plt on forage yield was highly signifiLant at 26 and 30 weeks. -0 0539 BoYD, F. T.: PERRY, V. G. Effects of seasonal temperatures and certain cultural treatments on sting nematodes in forage grass. Proceedings. Soil and Crop Science Socict'es of Florida(1971) 30, 360-365 [En] Florida Agricultural Experiment Stn., Gainesville, Florida 32601, USA. Tile numbers and distribution of Belonolaimus longicaudatus in a sandy soil in Florida, USA, were greatly influenced by soil temperature and by the species of grass grown. Data collected over 12 months showed the nematodes in the upper 6 in of soil to be most numerous in April and May and fewest in June and July. The best host for the nematodes was Hicnarthria and the poorest Digitaria. The nematicide Dasanit applied in April gave increased yield of pangolagrass harvested in July, but had no effect on the September harvest because of slight nematode activity during summer. 0 540 Kosii', P. K.; SWAUt, G. Susceptibility of plants to pigeon足 pea cyst nematode, Ileterodera cajani Indian Journal of Nematolog)' (1972, publ. 1973) 2, 1-6 El) Div. of Nematology, Indian Agricultural Research Inst., New Delhi, India. To determine the host range of Heterodera cajani, 105 species of plants belonging to 58 genera in 21 families were tested. Of these, only 19 (18 in Leguminosac and Sesarnumn indicun in Pedaliaceac) proved to be hosts. Pigeon pea [Cajanus cajan], hyacinth bean [Dolichos lablab L, green grant [Phascolus radiatus), cowpea [ Vigna catjang] anti Sesanum indicuin were the most favoured hosts and showed extensive damage due to the nematode. 0' 054 1 PAt .L, H. S.; CttAND. J. N. A nematode parasite of maize In Madhya Pradesh. Indian J'hytopjathohigy (1971, publ. 1972) 24 (3) 607-608 [En] Dept. of Plan! Pathology, J.N. Krishi Viswa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur (M.P.), India. Pratylenchus zeae was found associated with maize in Madhya Pradesh, India. The crop was very poor showing stunted growth and yellowing. In pot experiments significant differences in height were observed in naize plants inoculated with the nematode and in plants serving as controis, the former showing very poor growth. *0542 PtI'tS, P. M.; Stt1'ls, R. J.; Mtt iltl , L. I. A race of Melnidogvne incognita from Albizzia julibrissin parasitizes Nicotiana tabacum 'NC 95'. [Abstract]. .iurnal of Nernatolog, (1972) 4 (4) 232 [En] Dept. of Plant Pathology and Physiology, Virginia Polytechnic Inst. and Slate. Utniv., lllacksburg 24061, USA. [Afehidogj'ne incognita from Albizzia julibrivshi reproduced well oil the
resistant tobacco NC 95, amongst other crop plants.].
163
0543 EDWARD, J. C.; MISRA, S L. Ileterodera vigni n.sp. and second stage larvae of Jieterodera spp. in Uttar Pradesh, India. Allahabad Farmer (1968) 42 (3) 155-159 [En] Biology Dept., Allahabad Agricultural Inst., Allahabad, U.P., India. Heterodera rignin.sp. is described on Vigna sinensis in India. The cysts resemble those of the 1I. schachtii group in being lemon-shaped, ambifenestrate, bullate and with an underbridge. The new species is closest to H. sacchari but cysts and larvae are smaller (2nd stage larvae 440 p. compared with 480 p. in H. sacchan); in tie larvae the oesophageal gland duct opens closer to the stylet base (3 to 5 p compared with 5 to 8 p. in H. sacchan), the excretory pore is more anterior, the lateral field is narrower, the stylet shorter (18 to 22 .tagainst 23 to 25 p. in 1/. sacchan) and the males longer. Unideitified 2nd stage Heterodera larvae are also described from the rhizosphere of Diospyros tonentosa and Tectona grandis and a larger unidentified species from Bomba.x malabaricum. The former are close to H. glycines but differ in the ratio of spear length to clear tail tip length and in having 3 incisures on tire lateral field. The second species resembles H. tiolii but also differs inhaving 3 incisures on the lateral field. No cysts of either population have been found. 0544 KtIAN, E.; CttAV'A, M. L.; SES1tADRI, A. R. Longidorus mirus sp. nov. (Nematoda: Longidoridac) from soil around the roots of maize from Delhi, India. Bulletin ofEntomology (1971, publ. 1972) 12 (2) 113-117 [En] Div. of Netnatology, Indian Agricultural Research Inst., New Delhi-12, India. Longidorus mirus n.sp., from soil around roots of maize (Zea nrays) from field No. 6 of Agronomy Division, I.A.R.I., New Delhi, India, is 3.0 to 3.6 mm long, odontostyle 75 to 85 p, odontophore 40 to 50 p., lip region continuous, lateral hypodermal glands 56 anterior to vulva and 60 posterior, tail dorsally convex足 conoid and terminus bluntly rounded. A key to species of Longidorus is Riven. 0545 Kiittnt, A. Ty/enchus (lrant'lenchus) claridorusn.sp. and AMerlinius camelliae n.sp. (Tylenchida: Nematoda) from Iran. Nematologic3 (1972) 18 (3) 339足 346 [Eri, fr]' st. 'oor Dierkunde, Ledeganckstraat 35, Gent, Belgium. Trh/nchus (rano cenchus) clavidorns n.subg., n.sp., from around roots of lucerne inan orchltrd at sfahan, Iran, is characterised by its moderately developed spear with round to clavate basal swelling, the ventral junction of tile oesophageal lunien with tire spear lumen (at the base of tile spear) and the position of the dorsal oesopihageal gland outlet at half to one speat length behind the spear base. The new species is close to . sicinos which is considered to be in the same subgenus. Merlinius came/liae r.sp. is described from 3 males and 2 females collected from around theroots of lea( 'ariellia siernsis) and Citrus sp.at 2 places in Iran. It is distinguished by hasing . cisures on the lateral field, tile ventral curvature of tle
body on death, an offset spermatheca, the female tail with thickened cuticle and
annulated terminus, spicules with curved, notched distal ends and gubernaculum also strongly curved. There is a well d e v eloped bursa. Tite female tail of 7T)lenchorhynchus parobscurus is similar to that of tire new species and T. parob.scurus is therefore transferred to Merlinius and becomes M. parobscurus n.comb. 0 546 VFRIA, R. S. Scutellonema ramai sp, nov. (Nematoda: lloplolaiminae) associated %ith 5orghum rulgarePers. from Uttar Pradesh. Bulletin of Entonihig, (1970, publ. 1972) 11 (2) 118-120 [En] Zoology Dept., Aligarh Muslim Univ., Aligarh (U.1'.), India. Scutellonewia rantai n.sp., front soil around roots of jowar (Sorghum vulgare) from Gonda, U.P., India, is 0.65 to 0.72 ntm long, lip regio witlh 3 to 4 annules,
spear 27 to 28 p Witl rounded basal knobs, tail marked with 14 to 16 annules, and
scutella 3p in diameter situated opposite anus.
0547 JOIINSriN, A. W.; CIIAt.FANI, R. 13. Control of nematodes and corn earworm on sweet corn. [Abstract.]. Journal of Nematology (1972) 4 (4) 227足 228 [El] plant Science Research Div., ARS, USDA, Coastal Plain Experiment Stn., Tftorn, Ga. 31794, USA. Beonolaitnus longicaudatus, Trichodforus christiei, Criconemoides ornatus and Pratslenchus zeae were present in plots treated with the soil fumigants D-D, DBCP or EIDB, or the non-vofatile granular insecticide/nematicides aldicarb, carbofuran,
fensulforlhion, phenainiphos and prophos. Zea mays var. saccharata was sown I to 3
days after soil treatment. T'z non-volati'e materials were best for controlling B.
longicaudatus and T. christie, aldicarb was ineffective against C ornatus, all
pesticides controlled P. zeae. Average yields were increased by tire treatments. Corn
carworm was not controlled.
',0O548 COtIN, E.; AUSI:.R, R. Longidorus cohni and Heterodera latipons, economic nematode pests of oats In Israel. Plant Disease Reporter (1973)
57 (I) 53-54 (Err] Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, Israel.
Longidorus cohni was first observed in the Sharon region, Israel, in 1969 on 164
Rhodes grass and lucerne: it was later found on ryegrass and occasionally on oats. By the winter of 1971/72 it was found in most winter oat ields, causing severe damage with patches of stunted, chlorotic plants. This is apparently the first record of economic damage to a cereal by ectoparasitic nematodes. Heavy infestations of Heteroderalatipons were also found in one field and the rapid increase in numbers of both species is assumed to be the result of the recent adoption of oat monoculture. 0549 GRIFI'tN, G. D. Interaction of Afeloidogyne hapla and Ditylenchus dipsaci on root knot-resistant alfalfa. [Abstract]. Phytopathology (1972) 62 (10) 1103 [En] USDA, ARS. Utah State Univ., Logan, USA. [Ditylenchus dipsaci predisposed root-knot resistant lucerne seedlings to infestation by Meloidogyne hapla.]. 0550 [No, M. [On the water dissemination of Aphelenchoides besscyi Ill. Nematode infestation of weeds and disease occurrence In a heavily infested area.1 Proceedings of the Kanto-Tosan Plant Protection Society (1971) No. 18, 123 [Ja] lbaragi Agricultural Experiment Stn., Mito, lbaragi 311-42, Japan. [A large nematode population on Panicum crus-galli var. frumentaceuni and slight infestation on Panicum bisulcatum and Digitaria adscendens.] S05 5 1
MICtELL,
R.
E.;
MALEK.
R.
B.;
TAYLOR,
D.
P.;
EDWARDS. D. I. Races of the barley root-knot nematode, AMelaidogyne naasL 1.Characterization by host preference. Journalof Nematology (1973) 5 (1) 41-44 [En] Univ. of Illinois, Urbana 61801, USA. Populations of Meloidogyne naasi from 5 geographical locations were tested for their ability to reproduce on 22 plant species. Differences indicated the presence of 5 physiological races. Digitaria sanguinalis is a new host record, all races reproducing on it. The races can be differentiated by their reaction on Abrostis palustrisvar. Toronto C-15, Rumex crispus and Sorghum bicolor var. RS-6 10. 0 55 2
NOEscii, B. [Stem-eelworm damage and breeding for re-lFtance In red clover.] Schaden durch Stengelilchen und ResistenzzUchtung bei Rotklee. Grune (1971) No. 37, 1313-1324 lDe] FAP, Zirich-Reckenhalz, Switzerland. From Plant Breeding Abstracts 42, 3160. [Heritability of resistance to [Ditylenchusdipsaci] in I Trifoli,m pratensej.]. PRIEST, M. F. Variation In pathogenicity SOUTtARDS, C. J.; of seventeen Isolates of Afeloidogyne incognita. Journal of Nematology (1973) 5 (1) 63-67 [En] Univ. of Tennessee Inst. of Agriculture, Knoxville 37916, USA. Meloidogyne incognita was collected from 17 localities in Tennessee, USA, and tested on 6 host plants. All 17 isolates infested Rutgers tomato and none infested tobacco var. N.C. 95. From the root-knot indices on cotton (Gossypium hirsutum var. McNair 1032), cowpea ( Vigna sinensiA line M57-13N), watermelon (Citrullus vulganis var. Dixie Queen) and pepper (Capsicum frutescens var. California Wonder) it is deduced that 6 physiological races of the nematode were present. The implications for breeding crops resistant to M. incognita are discussed.
S05 5 3
05 54 BIRD, A. F. Cell wall breakdown during the formation of syncytia Induced In plants by root knot nematodes. International Journal for Parasitology (1972) 2 (4) 431.432 [En] CSIRO Div. of Horticultural Research, Adelaide, South Australia. In a study of syncytia formation, serial sections 2 p thick were cut from roots of Vicia faba, tomato and cabbage infected with Meloidogyne javanica. Syncytia were closely associated with adjacent cells which sometimes protruded into the syncytial cytoplasm, while at other times there was breakdown of syncytial and adjacent cell walls allowing contact of the cytoplasm. The results support the hypothesis that syncytia arc formed partly by incorporation of cells whose walls have dissolved rather than by expansion of a single cell. They also explain the variability in nucleic acid content of the syncytial nuclei. * 0555
BOYD,
F.
T.;
SCItRODER,
V.
N.;
PERRY,
V.
G.
Interaction of nematodes and soil temperature on growth of three tropical grasses. Agronomy Journal (1972) 64 (4) 497-500 [En] Florida Agricultural Experimental Sin., IFAS, Gainesville, 32601, USA. Relationships between soil temperatures and the effects of 2 nematode species on forage yields of 3 important Florida pasture grasses were studied in temperature足 controlled glasshouse experiments. Belonolaimus longicaudatuswas most active at 20 to 34'C. Yields of Pavpa/um notatum and Hemarthria altissima were greatest between 34' and 38'C, and of Digitaria decumbens at 38" to 41"C. At these high 165
temperatures, numbers of B. longicaudatus were greatly reduced but Criconemoides spp. were little affected. A short literature review is given of host-parasite relationships on forage grass crops and temperature effects on nematodes. 0556 GOTOHi, A. tComparison of nematode fauna between natural and artificial grasslands in the Aso District.] [Abstract.]. In Annual Meeting of the Japanese Society of Applied Entomology and Zoology, Fuchil, Tokyo April 7.9, 1971. (1971) 31 [JalKyushu Agricultural Experiment Stn., M.AF., Nishig6shi, Kumamoto 861-1 I, Japan. On grasslands located 700 m above sea level, Meloidogyne was most prevalent on clover in both natural and sown grasslrnds, but spiral nematodes, cyst nematodes, Pratylenchus and Paratylenchus were rarely found on the sown grassland.
o 55 7
YADAV, B. S.; VERMA, A. C. Effect of season and crop on the population of certain species of parasitic nematodes. [Abstract.]. In International Symposium of Nematology (/ Ith), European Society of Nematologists, Reading, UK, 34S September, 1972. Abstracts. (1972) 83-84 [En] Agricultural Experimental Sin., Univ. of Udaipur, India. [A 3-year study of soil populations atylenchus delattrei, Heterodera avenae and Tylenchorhynchus mashhoodi in a wheat/maize rotation.]. 0558 Hurr, 0. J.; PEADEN, R. N. Resistant plants combat the alfalfa nematode. Crops and Soils (1972) 24 (6) 6-7 [En] Damage to luceme by stem nematode [Ditylenchus dipsac] and root-knot nematodes [Meloidogyne spp.] is briefly described. Cultivation of resistant varieties is the best method of control. Suitabje varieties are being developed. 0 559 AUSTRALIA. CSIRO D)V:VtON OF HORTICULTURAL RESEARCH. Report 1969-71. Adelaide, Australia. (l97l) 99pp. [En, Plant Nematology pp. 32足
39.] Unpublished research briefly reported includes the developmental morphology of Radopholus neosinilis and R. inaequaliscollected from roots of Eucalyptus and other native Australian plants; the presence of Pratylenchus colfeac and/or P. vulnus in grapevine roots and of P. penetrans in Nerium oleander the failure of abscisic acid to influence the development of Meloidogyne javanica in tobacco leaves ; the influence of the environment on the numbers of Pratylenchus in roots of wheat and oats and of M. javanica and other nematodes in clover roots and the melting point of the lipid layer of the egg shells of Heteroderaavenae, Aphelenchus avenac. M. javanica and Ascaris suun. There are 3 unpaginaled pages of plates, and reference is made to an 18 min 16 mm colour film on the life-cycle of M. javanic. 056 0 NEW ZEALAND. DEPARTMENT OF SCIENTIFIC AND INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH. Report for the year ended 31 March 1972. Wellington, New Zealand. (1972) 72 pp. [En, P;ant nematology pp. 16-17, 21-22.] Taxonomic studies of both root-knot [Mcloidogyncd and cyst-forming [Heterodera] nematodes are being undertaken to enable accurate identification of New Zealand species to be made. Glasshouse pot trials on the effect of soil sterilization on clover growth in nematode-infested soil were carried out. Lucerne is being selected and bred for resistance to stem nematode [Ditylenchus dipsacl,]. 056 1-ANON., 1970. [Annual Report of the work of the Swedish Seed Association in 1969.] "Arsbcrittelse Over Sveriges Uts.desfurenings verksamhei .1r1969." Svcr. Utsddesf6r. Tidskr., 80 (2!3), 71-139. Nearly all the current breeding material of barley
has resistance to mildew or nematodes [Heterodcra avenae] or both. Tie lucerne variety Sv0643 is resistant to nematodes [Ditylenchui dipsaci]. Potato varieties resistant to nematodes [H. roitochiensis], Sv66123 and Sv68130, are suitable for crisps and baking, respectively.
*0562 ThOMPSON, L.S.; WILLIS, C.B. Influence of fensulfothion and fenamiphos on root
birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus reduced populations -o--
lesion nematode numbers and yield of forage
corniculatus) a.5.yenhus
e~:ans in the soil, as well as iroot足
legumes. Canadian Journal of Plant Science (1975) 55 (3) 727-735 [En, fr] Res. Stn., Agric. Canada, P.O. Box 1210, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada CIA 718. In field trials, fensulfothion at 11.2, 22.4 and 44.8 kg/ha and fenamiphos at 5.6, 11.2 and 22.4 kg/ha applied to soil before plantiof red clover (Trifolium praten e), alfalfa (Medicago sativa)and
ta o the legumes and increased seeding year yields. In the second growing season yields were increased only at the time of
the second and third cuts. At the same
rates of application, fenamiphos provided
better nematode control than fensulfothion,
particularly with increasing time following
treatment.
166
0567-GUPTA, J. C.; ATWAL, A. S., 1971.
"Biology and ecology of Hoplolaimus indicus
(Hoplolaiminae: Nematoda). II. The influence
of various environmental factors and host plants
on the reproductive potential." Nemarologica,
17 (2), 277-284. [German summary p. 284.]
Hoplo/aimus indicus thrives best at 30'C. and soil pH 7, in sandy loam with 16% moisture content. The host plants on which rapid multiplication takes place are tomato, sugar-cane and maize. No reproduction occurs on gram (Cicer arietinum), guava (Cyamposis tetragonotoba), tobacco, water melon, sugar-beet and rape-seed. With an increase in the initial level of population a corresponding decrease in the rate of reproduction takes place.
0563-BOYD, F. T.; PERRY, V. G., 1970. "The effect of sting nematodes on establishment, yield, and growth of forage grasses on Florida sandy soils." Proc. Soil Crop Sci. Soc. Fla, Year 169, 29,288-300.
Of 18 forage grasses tested in Florida, USA, for resistance to Belonolaimus Iongicaudatus, some varieties of Digitariagazensis and D. procumbens were non-hosts; Dsigtaria X 125-1, Coastcross 1, Paraguay bahia 22 (Paipalum notatum var.) and Slenderstem digitgrass (Digitaria sp.) were poor hosts and the others good hosts or grew poorly. 15 selections of 82 introductions of Chloris goyana were also highly resistant. Sting nematodes became inactive or descended to deeper layers when the temperature one inch below bare soil exceeded 103'F. Yields of susceptible Pangola grass (Digi taria procumbens) increased when soil temperature rose above 103'. Yields of a number of Digitaria species and varieties and of Chloris gayana mitroductions were correlated with their resistance to sting nematodes. Yields of both susceptible and resistant grasses were higher with increased fertilization in summer but the increased growth led to shading of the soil reducing soil temperature which favoured multiplication of the nematodes. Susceptible varieties therefore benefited less from fertilization than did resistant.
G.W.; CROUCHLEY, G.C.; u 05 68 YEATES. WITCHALLS, J.T. Effect of soil fumigation on white clover growth in a yellow-grey earth infested with clover cyst nematode. of Agricultural New Zealand Journal Research (1975) 18 (2) 149-153 [En] Soil Bureau, DSIR, Lower Hutt, New Zealand. A field trial is New Zealand to study the effects of soil fumigants on pure swards of 'Grasslands Hula' white clover growing in a Heterodera infested earth yellow-grey trifolii was run for 18 months. The treat ments, replicsted four times (24 plots, 2 x 1 m), were: control, methyl bromide, D-D at 300 1/ha, Nemagon at 11.23 1/ha or 22.46 1/ha, and Nocap at 67 kg/ha. 12 harvests were taken during the trial and mean yield
response to fumigation was 7.6.% [- 0.2% (Nemagon 22.46 1/ha) to 12.3% (D-D)1.
However, during periods of activity of the
nematode yields were up to 46% higher in fumigated than in control plots. The effect
was enhanced by moisture stress. Fumigation
also extended the growing season into the summer drought.
*0 564--COLBRAN, R. C., 1971. "Studies of plant and soil nematodes. 15. Eleven new species of RadopholusThorneandanewspeciesofRadopholoides de Guiran (Nematoda: Tylenchoidea) from Australia." Qd .7. agric. anim. Sd., 27 (4), 437-460. The following new species have been described from Queensland New South Wales, Australia: Radophous rectusand from Imperata cylindrica a major; R. cinatus from eucalypt forest soil;
0565-CASSINI, R.; CAUBEL, G., 1969. (Dirv lenchui dipsaci on maize in Beauce in 19b8.] "Ditvlenchus dipsaci sur mais en Beaucc en 1968." C. r. hebd. Sdanc. Acad. Agric. Fr., 55 (9), 646-651. An account is given of attack by Ditylenchus dipaci on maize in the Beauce region of France. The first obvious symptom was the toppling over of plants having no secondary roots; stunting and "tulip-root" symptoms were observed in plants that remained standing. Necrosis occurred in stems at the level of deve'opment of the tillers. Nematodes were found in the tissues of affected plants. Previous cropping had no apparent effect on the occurrence of the disease but 12 of 18 fields affected were sown immediately before a cool rainy period. In preliminary tests using soil from fields with infested maize, no infestation was found
0566-GRIFFIN, G. D.; WAITE, W. W., 1971. "Attraction of Ditylenchus dipsaci and Aleloidogyne hapla by resistant and susceptible alfalfa seedlings." 1. Nemarol., 3 (3), 215-219. Dityenchus dipsaci were equally attracted to resistant Lahontan and susceptible Ranger lucerne seedlings exposed to them at various distances and under different temperature regimes. However, at 12.5 mm. and 20'C. the susceptibles were more attractive. The same was true for Meloidogyne hapla offered M-9 (resistant) and Lahontan (susceptible to this sp.) seedlings singly. When hatched midway between the two, more larvae were attracted to the susceptibles.
0569-ELGIN, Jr., J. H.; GRAY, F. A., 1971. "Dichlorvos pest strips reduce stem nematode damage in seedling alfalfa." Pl. Dis. Reptr, 55 (7), 621-622. Lucerne seedlings inoculated with Ditylenchus dip:.ci were grown in the presence and absence of a 2,2-dichlorovinyl dimethyl phosphate (dichlorvos) impregnated pest strip. Symptoms and nematode numbers were reduced when seedlings were grown for 24 days in the presence of the dichlorvos strip. Nematodes were found mostly below the sdil surface in the hypocotyl of plants grown exposed to dichlorvos, and mostly in the cotyledonary node when no dichlorvos, was present. TOBARD.; 0 5 7 0-GUEVARA-BENITEZ, JIMENEZ, A.; GUEVARA-POZO, D., 1970. "Quantitative study of the life cycle of H. goettingiana Liebscher and the possibility of its control by trap crops." [Abstract.] International Nematology Symposium. (10th), European Society of Nematologists, Pescara, 8-13 Sept., .1970. Summaries, pp. 102-103. (Also in French, German & Italian.] [Vicia sativa a successful trap crop under experi mental conditions.]
167
K. 0571ALAM, M.M.; NAQVI, S.Q.A.; MAHMOOD, Three additional hosts of the stubby-root nematode, Trichodorus mirzai Siddiqi, 1960.
(19) 722 (En] Current Science (1975T' Dep. of Bot., Aligarh Muslim Univ., Aligarh
202001, India.
Moderate to heavy galling of the roots of Commelina nudiflora, Eclipta alba and setarie verticillata growing in-Tlgarh, India, was found to be due to infection with Trichodorus mirzal. All 3 plants are recorded for the TIF-t time as hosts for this nematode.
057 2-CANADA, 1970. "Research report of the Research Branch for 1969." Ottawa: Canada Department of Agriculture, ix - 370 pp. [Plant nematodes pp. 4, 9-10, 41, 78, 105-106, 136-137, 139, 353-354.] In reports from Canadian research stations it is recorded that resistance to Heterodera rostochiensis in potato is present in 2 selections tested in Newfoundland: in Prince Edward Island, yields of Empire birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus) were more reduced when Pratylnchus penetrans and Fusarium oxyaporum together infected the plants than when either pathogen was present alone, In tests of the nematicides lannate and aldicarb for nematode control in tobacco in Quebec, the former was the better. In a survey of tomato and cucumber houses in the Harrow region of Ontario over 50% were found to contain Afeloidogyne sp. and 13% had Pratylenchus sp. The effects of nematicides on respiration rates of Caenorhabditis sp. and Aphelenchus avenae were investigated in the laboratory. In glasshouse studies Meloidogyne hapla caused more severe damage to ladino and double-cut red clovers [Trifolium reprse var. ladino and T. pratense] than to lucerne and birdsfoot trefoil. The cabbage var. Early Marvel, when grown at controlled soil temperatures of 22 and 26"C., was killed in 4 weeks by Fusanwn oxysporumn f. conglurinans whether or not Afeloidogyne hapla or Ml. incognita was also present. The variety Market Prize was highly resistant while Marion Market was 0573-RHODESIA, 1971. "Tobacco Research Board of Rhodesia. Abridged Annual Report for the year ended 30th June, 1971." Salisbury: Tobacco Research Board of Rhodesia, 20 pp. [Plant nematology p. 9.] Nematicide trials with D-DIMITC, methylbromide, Bayer 68138, EDB, Mocap, furadan and Hoechst 2960 against Mtloidogyne javanica on tobacco have been carried out in Rhodesia. Numbers of Helicotylenchus sp., Pratylenchus sp. and Rotylenchulus sp. have increased under maize and rice grown on clay-loam soil for one season at Bansket. Rhizoctonia solani and Fusarium sp. have been collected from nematode-infested tobacco and possible interactions are being investigated. Monoxenic cultures of P. brachyurus and P. zeae have been established on sterileof lucerne callus; attempts to establish cultures M. javanica on lucerne, tomato and tobacco callus and on excised roots of lucerne, tomtndtobacco a ono ro sfu , tomato and tobacco have not bexise been successful, 0574-U.S.A., 1970. "Research Progress 1970." Brill. Wash. agric Exp. Stn, No. 723, 51 pp. [Plant nematodes ,.47.] Tests showed that rapid assay of lucerne seedlings for resistance to Ditylenchus dipsaci can be carried out on plants growing in flats. In experiments in which- Verticillium dahliae f. menthae and Pratylenchus minyus were inoculated separately or together on peppermint [Mentha piperita], the concentration of free reducing sugars in the roots was influenced more by the fungus than by the nematode. The results indicate a probable lack of correlation between the influence of P. minys on wilt disease
and the concentration of free reducing sugars in peppermint roots. In fumigated soil planted with crops, populations of plant-parasitic nematodes increased under irrigation with canal water but not when well water was used. Standard soil fumigants [not named] controlled root-knot nematodes [Aeloidogyne] in potato. 057 5-GRIFFIN, G. D., 1971. "Susceptibility of common sainfoin to Afeloid,,yne Iapla." M'.Dis. Reptr, 55 (12), 1069-1072. [Enj Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Logan, Utah 8.1321, USA. Sainfoin, Onobrychisviciaefolia, was compared with lucerne, Afedicaqo sativa var. Lahontan, for its reaction to Aleloidogyne hapla. All 15 varieties tested were highly susceptible at 22 4 4C., with galls larger and located further fr s the root tips than in lucerne. At 15 and 20' - 3 varieties of sainfoin were more severely galled .han lucerme but at 25 and 30'C. there was little difference. Larger galls were produced on sainfoin than on lucerne at all temperatures. More nematodes invaded sainfoin than lucerne at 15 and 20"C. but not at 25 or 30'C.: the percentage of larvae reaching maturity was the same in both hosts. At 25'C. the greatest number of larvae entered and matured in both hosts. Sainfoin was less tolerant than lucerne to Al. hapla, as measured by seedling mortality, but tolcrance in creased with the age of seedlingl frotn 0 to 4 weeks. 0576-IIANDA, D. K.; MATHUR, B. N.; BHARGAVA, L. P., 1971. "Occurrence of root knot on pearl millet." Indian I. Nematol., 1 (2), 244. [En] Plant Pathology Laboratory, Durga pura, Jaipur-4, Rajasthan, India. Galls on the roots of Pennisenun typhoides formed by Meloidogynejavanicaand Af.incognitawere recorded from many fields at Jaipur, India. This is claimed as the first record of Afeloidoqyne infestation on this crop.
057 7RAI, B.B. Parasitic nematodes associ ated with maize. Allahabad Farmer (1969) 43 (5) 315-319 [En, 2 pi (unpaged)] Dep. of Bol., Allahabad Agric. Inst., Allahabad, U.P., India.
In a study of the nematode population in
the rhizosphere of maize growing at
Allahabad, India, greater numbers were
found associated with unhealthy than with healthy plants. The chief species found were toa lolaimus indicus,Ty' nch r)h e bras e ainidl7elicotylenchu 5 pa; ound less frequently were Ileterodera, Tylenchus and Pratylenchus. Populations were smallest in May and June when soil temperatures were high with low moisture content. Numbers were increasee from July to October, being greatest in July,
especially from around the roots of
unhealthy plants.
0578-CHLIVRES-ROMAN, R.; GROSS, H. D.; SASSER, J. N., 1971. "The influence of selected nematode species and number of consecutive plantings of corn and sorghum on forage produc tion, chemical composition of plant and soil, and water use efficiency." [AbstracL] Nematropica, 1 (2), 40-41, '16. (En, Es] Faculty of Agriculture, College of Agricultural Sciences, Univ. of Puerto Rico, Mayagiuez, Puerto Rico. In surveys of forage maize and sorghum in North 168 Carolina, USA, nematodes of 9 plant-parasitic
genera were recorded. In glasshouse tests, Trich1odorus porosus, Tylenchorhvnchus claytoni and Pratylenchus zeae damaged maize and sorghum. Hleavy parasitism affected the uptake of nutrients and water from the seil. 0 57 9 -KOSHY, P. K.; SWARUP, G., 1971. "Susceptibility of aerial parts of pigeon-pea seedlings to Heterodera cajani larvae." Indian J. Nemarol., A (2), 245-246. [En] Division of Nematology, Indian Agricultural Research Inst., New Delhi, India. When transferred to the cotyledons and young shoots of the seedlings of Ca/anus caian, 2nd-stage juveniles of Heterodera ca/ani may develop into adult males but failed to develop into adult females, perhaps because of adverse conditions-mainly lack of nutrition, 058O-1IUNT, 0. J.; JENSEN, If. J.; PEADEN, R. N.; FAULKNER, L. R.; GRI FFIN, G. I)., 1N70. "llrecdint; alfalla
resistant to northern root-knot nematode (,\feloidogyne hapla Chitwood)." International GrasslandCongress (I lth), Surf;r5 Paradise, Queensland, Australia, 13-23
April, 1970. Proceedings, pp. 270-273. (En] Unitcd States Dept. of Agriculture, Reno, Nevada, USA. In a breeding programme, lucerne clones with dominant monogemsc resistance to Aheloiog'ne hapla were used to comnbine resistance to root-knot neratoe with resistance to fungi, bacteria and stont ncnatode, Dmrvl,,nckhus dipsaci. The results indicated that this could be done and that resistance toAl. hapla is conditioned by one dominant gene with tetrasomic inheritance. [trom I. Breed. Abser., 41, No. 790t.)
0581 PEREIRA, M.C.L.; SANTOS, M.S.N. DE A. [Occurrence of stem nematode (Dity lenchus dipsaci) in seeds of bean (Vlcfa n Fortugal.I Ciencia Biol6gi-c" "-rtugal (1975) 2 (3) 85-88 [Pt, el In one of 2 samples of seed of Vicia faba, all stages of Ditylenchus dps-a were found. The other sample (50 seeds) w negative. In 20 seeds of the infected sample there were 20,035 larvae (over 8,000 on one seed), 265 females and 245 males, Dead nematodes were observed in the seed coat.
*0582-EVANS, D. W.; ELGIN, Jr., J. H.; FAULKNER, L. R., 1971. "White flagging of stem nematode-infected alfalfa." Crop Science, 11(4), 591-592. (En] White shoots (flags) occur sporadically on plants in lucerne stands infected with Ditylenchus dipsaci in central Washington State, USA. All plants showing white flagging were found to be infected. Attempts to induce this symptom consistently under controlled conditions wkere unsuccessful.
brachyurus on Panicum purpurascem and Brachiaria mutica. Pratylnchus brachyurus caused severe B. mutica crop loss.
0584-GRIFFIN, G. D.; HUNT, 0. J., 1972. "Effects of temperature and inoculation timing on the Meloidogyne haplalCorynebacteriuminsidio aun complex in alfalfa." Journal of Nematology, 4 (1), 70-71. [En] US Dept. of Agriculture, Utah Agricultural Experiment Son, Logan, Utah 84321, USA. In pot experiments with 3 varieties of lucerne inoculated with Meloidogyne hapla and Coryne bacterium insidiosum, either together or separately, there were no significant differences in symptoms of bacterial wilt whether the 2 pathogens were inoculated together or either one before the other, but wilting was more severe in the 2 susceptible varieties with nematodes than without. Increased soil temperatures of 16, 20, 24 and 28'C. had no effect on bacterial wilt symptoms and wilt disease was as severe when bacteria were inoculated after mechanical root damage as in the presence of M. hapla. 0 5 8
f-JOHNSON, A. W.; GILL, D. L., 1972. "Control of the root-knot nematode, Meloidgyne incognita, on mimosa (Albizzia julibrisin) by chemical dips." Journal of Nematology, 4 (1), 68-69. [En] Plant Science Research Div., Agricultural Rese:'rch Service, Coastal Plain Experiment Stn, Tipton, Georgia 31794, USA. Chemical root-dip treatments were used in experi ments to free mimosa (Albizzia julibrissin) root cuttings from infestation with Afeloidogyne incog.ita. 4 nematicides were used-Prophos (0-ethyl, S,S dipropyl phosphorodithioate), SD 1897 (a mixture of the 2,4-dichlorophenyl ester of methanesulfonic acid and 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane), Bay 25141 (0, O-diethyl O-[(p-methvlsulfinyl)phenyl] phos phorothioate) and Bay 68138 (ethyl 4-(methylthio) m-tolylisopropyl-phosphoranidate). Treatment of the roots was for 15, 30 or 60 min.and observations were made on plant growth and galling after 11 weeks. SD 1897 and Prophos controlled nematodes in all treatments except in the cuttings from the thickest roots (average diameter 1'6cm.). Bay 68138 and Bay 25141 controlled nematodes in all treatments. Some phytotoxicity resulted from all treatments as measured by plant height, but plants from root-cuttings treated with Prophos grew vigorously and weighed more than those from other treatments. The authors conclude that nematicidal dips may be used to free root-cuttings of mimosa from root-knot nematodes.
0586 REYES, R.D. (Determination of the efficiency of maize and rice varieties as hosts of Prayench us zeae.] Determinaci6n de la eficfenia d diferentes variedadea de arroz y de mafz, como hospederas de Pratylenchus zeae. In Progreso de Labores leITnves-tga-fones Agropecuarias, 1970. Panama; Facultad de Agronomfa, PanamA Uni versidad. (1971) 159-166.
05 83-LORDELLO, L. G. E.; MELLO FILHO,
A.DET., 1970. [Three more grasses as hosts of 0587-CHIARAPPA, L. [Editor], 1971. "Crop migratory nematodes.] "Mais tres capins loss assessment methods. FAO manual on the bospedeiros de nemat6ides migradores." Revista evaluation and prevention of losses by pests, de Agricultura, Piracicaba, 45 (2/3), 78. [Pr, en] disease and weeds." Farnham Royal, UK: Escola Superior de. Agriculhura "Luz de Comnmonealth Agricultural Bureaux [by arrangeQueiroz", Univ.de Slo Paulo, Brazil. ment with the Food and Agriculture Organization In Brazil, Pratylenchus zeae was found on Panicuin of the United Nations], xx+[198 pp.] [En] maximum and P. purpurarcens, and Pratylenchus 169 This manual has been compiled by the Plant
Production and Protection Division of FAO with the collaboration of 5 working groups, one of which consists of nematologists. The nematology group had the assistance of nematologist correspondents from 18 different countries. An introduction by L. Chiarappa, F. J. Moore and A. 11. Strickland sets out the aims of the manual, defines the basic concepts and explains the lay-out. The primary aim is to guide plant protection workers in planning and carrying out field experiments to measure crop losses. The 2nd section gives general guidance on the principles involved in the collection of data on crop losses with a chapter on field experiments by E. L. Le Clerg and one on the place of sample survey in crop loss estimation by B. M. Church. The major part of the manual is in section 3 with 3 sub-sections on techniques and apparatus, general methods and special methods. For the chapter on estimating nematode densities in soil and roots by A. L. Taylor see No. 926 above. The 3rd section gives special methods for assessment of losses in 84 cropidisease situations of which 4 are due to nematodes, namely Heterodera rostochiensis on potato (by E. B.Brown, UK), H. atenae on cereals (by G. M. Dixon, UK), Meloidogyne hapla on lucerne (by D. C. Norton, USA) and Belonolaimus longicaudatuson groundnut (by J. N. Sasser, USA). Each host-parasite combination is on a separate loose-leaf sheetwith informationunder theheadings: "method developed in" (country), "field symptoms",
0588 -USA, 1970. "83rd Annual Report, Fiscal Year ending June 30, 1970, Mississippi Agriculrural and Foretry Experiment Station." Mitsisuppi Agricul:tural and Forestry Experiment Station: 126 pp. [Plant nematology pp. 39, 50-51, 74, 98.] (En) Mention is made of the development of root-knot resistant varieties of tomato, pepper, red clover, cott.)n and soybean. Resistance is combined with tolerance to fungal diseases in cotton and soybean and to tobacco mosaic virus in pepper. Resistance to cyst nematode also is incorporated in soybean. Experiments with a range of nematicides for use against root-kno, nematodes on okra, bean, cucurbits and sweet potato are briefly reported.
0589-GOLDEN, A. M.; BIRCHFIELD, W., 1972. "tfeter,,deragraninoph/lan.sp.(Nematoda: Heteroderidae) from grass with a key to closely related species." Journal of Ncinatology, 4 (2), 147-154. (EnJ Agricultural Research Service USDA, Beltsville, Md. 20705, USA. Heteroderagraminophila n.sp., found on Etchinochloa colonum in USA, belongs to the H. goettingiana group. It is closest to H. cyperi and H. graminis but differs in having 3 incisures on the lateral field of male and larva and in the mean length of the larval stylet and hyaline tail tip being 22.7 and 32 tL respectively. Males and larvae have 5 head annules. The cysts are abullate, ambifenestrate, with a strongly developed underbridge-the bifurcated ends of which look at first sight like bullae. The anus is 20% of the cyst length from the terminal cone, compared with 10% in H. cyperi and H. graminis, and there is no circum-anal cyst wall pattern as in those species. The vulval slit is 45L compared with 30 and 38 ± long respectively in the other species. A key to the 10 species in the goettingianagroup is given, based on cyst and larval characters. Biology of thc new speci, s was given in papers abstracted in Helminthological Abstracts, Series B, 40, No. 150 and Series B, 41, No. 164.
05
90-SIDDIQI, M. R., 1972. "On the genus Helicorylenchus Steiner, 1945 (Nematoda: Tylen chida), with descriptions of nine new species." Nenarologica, 18 (1), 74-91. [En, del Common wealth Inst. of Helminthology, St. Albans, UK. The genus Helicotylenchus is discussed and a key to its species given. 9 new species are described: H. dihysteroides n.sp. from tomato soil in Portugal, H. abunaamai n.sp. from soil around roots of Citrus paradisi, Psidium guajava, Vitis vtnifera and Gossypiu.' hirsutum in Sudan; H..conicephalus n.sp. from soil around roots of Aeolanthus myrian thus in Malawi and Citrus paradisi and Vitis vinufera in Sudan; H. densibullatus n.sp. and H. talonus from soil around roots of A. rnyrianthus in Malawi; H. paraplatyurus n.sp. from cultivated soil in Portugal; H. australi n.sp. from soil around roots of Nicotiana rabacum in Western Australia; H. orthosomauieusn.sp. from lucerne soil in Tanzania and H. wilmotae n.sp. from potato soil in India. H. microlobus is considered a valid species. Heli cotylenchus annobonensis (Gadea, 1960) n.comb. is proposed for Tylenchorhynchus africanus v. anno bonensis of Gadea, 1960.
05 9 1 -CAVENESS, F. E., 1972. "Changes in plant parasitic nematode populations on newly cleared land." [Abstract] Nemarropica, 2 (1), 1-2, 15-1b. (En, Es] International Inst. of Tropi cal Agriculture, Ibadan, Nigeria. On land previously farmed traditionally, abandoned, or covered with thicket or secondary forest in Nigeria, 19 plots were cleared and cropped succes sively with maize, cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) and maize. Nematodes were counted in soil samples taken monthly during the 19 months of the investi gation. Within 2 months of clearing, nematode numbers decreased by 85%, then increased under the crops and decreased between crops. The princi pal species to increase under crops were Pratylenchus coffeae, Afeloidogyne incognita and Helicotylenchus pseudorobustus, the first being rare before cropping but accounting for 96% of the total at the end. H. pseudorobustuswas dominant before clearing and second dominant under cultivation. M. incognita was uncommon before clearing and increased under cultivation. Species that disappeared under culti vation were Scurellonema bradys, Xiphinena ameri canurn, X. ebriense, Xiphinernasp. and Criconemoides sp. It is concluded that plant-parasitic nematodes can survive in small numbers under shifting cultivation and modem farming practices favour the increase of some species at the expense of others.
059? -OVERMAN, A. J.; BRYAN, H. A.; HARKNESS, R. W., 1972. "Effect of weed control on nematodes and potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) yields in marl type soils." [Abstract] Nematropica,2 (1), 8-9, 22. [En, Es] Agricultural Research and Education Center, 5007-60th Street E., Bradenton, Florida 33505, USA. Populations of Criconemoides onoensis and Tylen chorhynchus martini in marl type soils in Florida, USA, were affected by weed control in summer preceding the potato crop. Plots sown with Sorghum vulgare during the summer gave the highest counts of the nematodes in the following potato crop. The nematode populations were decreased more by 4 ploughings at intervals of 3 to 5 weeks than by 2 applications of the herbicide Dalapon and one ploughing. Potato yields were greater from the weed-free plots with smaller nematode populations than from the plots where sorghum had grown and nematode populations 170 increased.
AHOSU, J.O.; TAYLOR, D.P. Interaction Meloidogyne hapla, Pratylenchus
S and Tylenchorychus agri on
red clover, Trifoli m pratnse
Indian Journal of Nematologypb1974----1975) 4 (2) 124-131 [En] Dep. of Plant Path., Univ. of Illinois, Urbana, Champaign, Illinois 61801, USA. Melo'dn-nme haola singly and in all co-FTaEto ith---lenchorhynchus agri and .Prdtlnhuspenet enic
to -ed clover as determined by top and root
weights. T. agri alone has a slight
stimulating effect on the plants while P.
penetrans alone has a slight detrimental
effect. P. penetrans and T. agrl singly or
together have noefct on hefrmation of
nodules on the roots but M. hapla greatly
reduces nodule numbers.
*O593 of
0594-IlALWN, E. J., 1969. "Alfalfa root gal!, caused by the stem and bulb nematode." I. Nematol., 1 (2), 190-191.
Diylenchus dipsaci is reported in an unusual infection of lucerne in a glasshouse. Apart from the usual symptoms of D. dipsaci infection, black galls girdled the crown and subcrown portions of tap roots of many inoculated plants. 0595-TIKYANI, M. G., KHIERA, S. &
BFIATNAGAR, G. C., 1969. "A note on nema-
tode population from great millet (Sorghum
vulgare Pers.)." [Correspondence.) Labdeu.
Sci. Technol., 713(2), 176-177.
The following nematode species were found
around roots of Sorghum vulgare in Rajasthan,
India: Aphelenchus avenue, Telotylenchus Ilofi,
I'.indicts, Tylenchorhynichus sp., Ditylenchus nvceli-
ophagus, Ditylenchus sp., Pseudhalenchus anthill-
.pososnus, Scutelionema sp., Hoplolainus indicus,
.- phelenchoides radicicolus, A. asterocaudatus,
Al.sribtsis, Prarylenchus zeae, V"'eopaurodwasu
asymmetrcus and Norhoryienchus bhatnagari. More
Telotylenchus Ioofi were found at lower tempera-
tures and in older plants.
0596-NETSCHER, C. & GERMANI, G., 1969. "Telotylenchus baoulenuis n.sp. et Trichorylenchus rectangularis n.sp. (Nematoda, Tylenchoidea)." Nematologica, 15 (3), 347-352. [English sumsmary p.352.1 Teborylenchus baoulemis n.sp. from near roots of Brachiariafulva and Hyparrheniarule, and Tri.hoty-
lenchus rectangularis n.sp. from near root, of
Loudetia simplex and H. diplandra are descnbed
from Toumodi, Ivory Coast.
*0597 GRIFFIN, G.D., 1969. "Effects of tem足 perature on Meloidogyne h in alfalfa." Phytopathology,9(5), 599-602. Galling by Meloidogyne hapIa on resistant lucerne increased above 30'C. The nematode matured more quickly as the temperature
increased up to 300 C. More males were found
in resistant lucerne varieties than in
susceptible varieties. Maximum nematode
reproduction occurred at 25*C. in resistant
and susceptible lucerne.
of Horticulture, Agricultural Coll., Kyung-Pook National Univ., Taegu, Korea. Criconema (Variasquamata) querci n.sp. from oak differs from the other Criconema spp. by having several rows of scale, a longer body end rounded tail; Criconemella Iyngsugae n.sp. from Indi ofera kirilowi differs fror, other Criconemella spp. by a
longer body and a disc-like first head annule; C. ragoodeyi n.sp. from Salix
koreensis-differs from C. goodeyi by havng
several anastomosed annules and in body and
stylet length; Crossonema (Seriespinula)
sokliense n.sp. from 2elhova serrata
UT?? isTrom C. (S.) hungar c nd CTT T
venustum by having smooth head annules and
different shaped head and spines;
Discocriconemella hengsungica n.sp. from
maize closely resembles D. baforti but has
annules that are posterlorly-Trected on the ventral side and bearing no anasto足 moses; acroposthonia w n.sp. from Pinus densiflora has a siimilwa head shape to M. oostenbrinki but has a closed vulva;
Neo-oboericonema-insulicum n.sp. from maize is distinguished from N. serratum by more body annules and the presence of long effilated spines at the posterior end; Nothocriconema JaeJuense n.sp. from tyLaertroema indica has the tail similar to that of N. deman and the head as in N. duplicivestftu;--Crossonema (Crossonema) menze, s 7m crnicn-odoe rs ieoae. o thoqEaantolitana, Nothocri~ema a macrodora are demani and enocrco new records for Korea. 0599-BIREWERTON, H. V., MCGRATH, H. J. W. & GRANDISON, i,. S., 1969. "Thionazin residues on lucerne and .ed clover. (Experiments for control of Ditylenchos dipsaci)." N. Z. 11 agric. Res., 12(1), 171-176. Foliar sprays of 4'6% thionazin at 2 to 3 U.S. pints per acre failed to control Ditylenchus dipsaci on lucerne and red clover. Phytotoxicity was observed
on lucerne. Rapid breakdown of the thionazin residues was observed in the plants. 0600-TAdIA, A. H. Y. & RASKI, D. J., 1969. "Interrelationships between root-nodjule bacteria, plant-parasitic nematodes and their leguminous host." 1. Nematol., 1 (3), 201-211. The effects of infection with Afeloidogyne javanica and Heterodtra trifolin on the nodules formed by Rhiznbium trifolii on the roots of white clover were studied. The size, number and efficiency of the nodules were not reduced in infected plants although the galls contained normal nematodes. Both nematode species showed a preference for the galls.
0601 HULK, N.M.; JAIRAJPURI, M.S. Nematodes
of leguminous crops in India. II. Five new
species of Ielicotylenchus Steiner, 1945
e7. an Journal of Nematol足 ogy (1974 publ. 1975) 4 (2) 212-221 [En] Section of Nematol., Dep. of Zool., Aligarh
Muslim Univ., Aligarh, U.P., India.
Five known species of Hlelicotylenchus
(indicus, egyptiensis, teracercus,
rus, and abunaamai) and 5 new species bhari, a sharafati), 05980101, Y.E., GERAERT, E. Criconematids
macronatus, and indenticaudatu) wre from Korea with the description of eight
recorded from different parts of India from new species (Nematoda: Tylenchida). Nemato-
around the roots of leguminous crops. The logics (1975) 21 (1) 35-52 [En, Fr] Dept. 171 new species are described in detail and
compared with closely related species. H. bihari n.sp. was collected from soil around
roots of Pisum sativumifrom Gaya, Bihar, 11. arachisi F ap i-aom roots of ArachIs
9
from lKhaspura,
Ajmer,
Raj asthan
H1. shoarfati n.sp. from roots of Cicer arie-Tnuimfrom Ralsen, Madhya Pradesli1T. macronatus n.sp. from roots of Lens culinaris from Gaya, Bihar; and 1 Tndenticaudatus n.sp. from roots o? Crotalaria juncea from Udaipur, Rajasthan. 060 2-LAUGtlLIN, C. W., WILLIAMS, A. S. & FOX, J.A., 1969. "The iniluence of temperature on development and sex differentiation of Aleloidoyne gramini." . Nncmatol., 1 (3), 212-215.
The effects of temperature on ,eloidagyne on Gynodog sp. were studied. At temperatures above 27'C. there was a tendency towards a preponderence of males. Temperature changes caused developing males to undergo sex reversals or form intersexes. 0603,CHOUI)lIARtY, B., RAJIENDRAN, R.,
-SINGH, B.& VER.\1A, T. S.,1969. "Breeding
tomato, brinjal and cowpea resistant to root-
knot nematodes (,Afeloidvgyne spp.)." [Abstrace.] .All India Nemarohlgy Sypottiwn, \'ew Delhi, August 21-22, 1969, pp. 46-17. 060 4-D'SOUZA, G. I. & KASIVISWANATIAN, P. K., 1969. "Casgia tora L., a new host of Pratylenchu cotfeae in South India." [Abstract.] .Al1l Indta Vemarov Synpoiun, New Delhi, August 21-22, 1969, p. 18.
0 6 0 5-NANDAKMAR, C., KIILRA, S. &
BHAINAGAR, G. C., 1960. "Studies oilthe
susceptibility of pearl millet to Ileterodr,a arenae." Abstract.] .i// India Nemnto,,! Sympomim, .V-j Delhi, August 21-22, 1009,p. o .
0606-NANDKUMAR, C. & KHIERA, S., 1969.
"Host-range studies on a new species of Praty-
ill
lenchts infesting pearl millet."[Abstract.] India Nenatolgy SyMpOsiUt, New Delhi, August 21-22, 1969, pp. 23-24.
0608-LIN, Y., 1968. (Studies on plant-parasitic nematodes. Interrelationship between Pratylen c/gus penetrans and Fusarim oxysporuyn f. sp. niveiun.] Pl. Prof. Bull., Taiwan, 10 (2), 29-10.
(In Chinese: English sumnary.]
When inoculated separately both Praylenc/un s penetras and Fguarumt oxysporuo f.n'veum were pathogenic on lucerne seedlings but the fungus caus ed more serious symptoms, had a shorter incubation period and was highly pathogenic. When both were inoculated in combination the disease per centage was higher and the incubation period shorter than with either pathogen alone and both were presett ill the same infected root tissues. The nema tode appeared to be attracted by the presence of lilt futgus. [Frot Rev..Il. l'ati., 49, No. 1070.] 0 6 0 9 -HEIYNS, J., 1969. "Longdorus cohn n.sp.,
a nentode parasite otalfalfa and Rhodes grass in
Israel."o Israel]. agrlc. Ra., 19 (4d), 179-183.
l.onidortis cohmi n.sp. front roots of lucerne and hlorri gayapna in Israel, is described and figured. It is more slender than any known species in the genus. 061 0-TIKYANI, %. G. & KHERA, S., 1969.
",Nothti-lencha bhana,,sri n.sp. from the
rhizosphere of great millet (Sorghm vulgare
'ers)." Zool. Anz., 182 (1/2), 87-91.
Nothotylenchu b/tmnagarin.ap. from the rhizosphere
of Sorghum t'ulgare is described from Jodhpur, India. a 0-55 to 0-75 mm. long body, a 9 to Females 10 L longhave spear, 4 incisures in the lateral fields, a vulva at 80 to 82% of body and a short posterior uterine sac. Males have a 042 to 0.6 nan. [in text 0.12 to 60 mm.] long body, 17 to 19 i1 long spicules, a 5 to 6 [Llong gubernaculum and a tursa extending over half of tail length. 06 1 1-T I KY A N I, M . G . , K IIER A, S. & BHATNAGAR, G. C., 1969. "felicotylenchus goodi n.sp. from rhizosplhere of great millet." Zool. Ainz., 182 (5j6), 420-123. itelicatylenchus goodi n.sp. from the rhizosphere of
Sorghtn vitlare from Rajasthan, India has the
body 0664 to 0.8.1 mnm. long, an untriated lip
region, a prominent labh ; disc, the spear 23 to 25 t
long and a hemispherical tail 05 anal body-width
long. The male is not known.
06 12-WHITEHEAD, A. G., 1968. "Taxonomy of Meloidogyne (Nematodea: Heteroderidae) with descriptions of four new species." Tram. zool. Soc. Lond., 31 (3), 263-401.
Thi5 .sa monograpic account of the genus Meloido gyne. 4 new species are described, namely, M.
decalineata n.sp. from Coffea arabica in Tanzania,
M. ethiopica n.sp. from cowpea and tomato in Tanzania, .l.indica n.sp. from Citrus aurantium and C. hineruis in India, and Al. megadora n.sp. from Coffea arabica and C. canephora in Uganda. M.
graninis and A. spartinae are proposed as new
Combinations for species of Hypsoperine which is
considered synonymous with Meloidogyne. M.
Poghossianaeis considered a species inquirenda. The
nomainal species are thoroughly detailed and there
S06 0"7-NORTON, ). C., 1969. "AIeloidoqyn,"napla
as a factc, in alfalla dJ-line in Iowa." Phytopathology, 59(12), 182 1-182b. The stand and yield of lucerne were significantly
reduced in loam and silty clay loam field plots
artificially infested with Afeloidoeyne hapla, as
compared with plots not infested with Al. hapla, in
a 4-year test in USA. Crown and root rot were
significantly more severe in the Al. hapla plots than
in the plots free of the nernatode. There was
virtually no migration ,o transfer of the netnatode across 3-foot aisles fro tie infested to the non infested plots durin4 .1 years. In glasshouse tests, are 86 figures, 10 tables and 2 keys to differentiate .11. hapla increased the incidetce of bacterial wilt
the various species. caused by Coryneb'ac:.erillt tmiidt:unt illboth a
resistant and a susceptible variety. In the field, the
0 6 1 3 CAVENESS, F.E. Screening cowpea stand of a resistant vatiety was reduc.J' significantly
germplasm for r 3istance to root-knot nema when both organisms were tested in combination,
todes at I.I.T.A. [Abstract]. Nematropica as compared with either one tested al:ne. 172 (1975) 5 (2) 21 [En] International Inst. of
lucerne varieties were compared. Larvae entered both resistant and susceptible plants in approxi mately the same numbers. After 3 to 4 days, the number of larvae in resistant roots decreased sharply until at 7 days fewer than 5 larvae per seedling and no nematode development could be found. In susceptible roots, larvae became seden tary and developed normally; egg production began as early as 18 days after penetration of the host.
Tropical Agric., PUB 5320, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Of 241 Vigna unguiculata lines evaluated for resistance to ReloTdogye incognita only 4 proved resistant. 48ot the susceptible lines gave a mixed response, suggest-
ing heterogeneity ,ithin the cowpea line.
0614 CLATWORTHY, J.N.; HOLLAND, D.G.E. A new strain of Panicum maximum for pastures
in Rhodesia. Rhodesia A-rcultural Journal
(1975) 72 (2) 47-48 [En) Grasslands Res.
Sta., Narandellas, Rhodesia.
The strain 0438 is not a host of Meloidogyne and should therefore be suitable in tobacco rotations.
06i9-ELMILIGY, 1. A., 1968. "Root-knot
nematode infectivity
and host response inrelation
to soil types." Aleded. Rijksfac. LandbWet. Gent, 33 (4), 1633-1611. [Flemish surmary p. 1640.1 Desert sand, Nile mud and valley soil were used to make up soils having different textures. Great variability in physical and chemical properties of the composed soils thereby resulted. The infection index of Aleloidogyne javanica on cowpea pro gressively increases with the increase of fine soil paricles to a certain level after which infectivity declines. Soils containing 61 to 75'1 sand and with ratios of silt: clay in the orders of 1:1,2:1 and 3:1 are found the best for nematode infectivity. In festation in loamy soils shows a high rate of crop damage despite the relatively low infection index.
061 5 -NANDAKUMAR, C. & KHERA, S., 1970. "A new nematode species, Pratylenchusmulchandi from millets of Rajasthan." Indian Phytopath., Year 1969. =1 (3), 359-363. Prarvlenchus ,nulchandi n.sp., is described from 5i females colcted front soil around roots of Penniserum typhoides and Sorghum vuleare from Lamba, Merta city, north-west of Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India. The body length of the new species is 04- to 0.58 mm.; there are 4 lateral lines, the lip region is set off bearing 3 annules, the spear is 16 to 20 ILlong, the posterior uterine sac is more than 1.5bodywidths long and sometimes has rudiments of an ovary, and the tail is 25 anal body-widths long with 16 to 22 arnules. Variations in the length and shape of the oesophageal gland lobes, female tail and female gonad are detailed.
0620-KI IERA, S., BHATNAGAR, G. C., TIKYANI, M. G. & NANDKUMAR, C., 1969. "Culturing of Telotylencius indicus Siddiqi, 1960 on alfalfa callus tissue." [Correspondence.] Labdevj. Sci. Technol., 7B (4), 330-331. Tdotylenchus indicus obtained from die rhizosphere of millets (Pennisetum typhoides and Sorghum vugare) were successfully cultured on lucerne, callus tissue for the first time. The nematodes were seen to increase in population after the 45th day of Nematodes placed on nutrient agar without callus tissue failed to propagate and started dying after 2 weeks of starvation.
061 6-TIKYANI, M. G. & KIlEL'\, S., 1970. "A new species of Telotvlerichus (Nematoda: Tylenchida)." Lbdev. .7. Sci. 'echnol., 8B (1), 27-29.Binoculation. 27-29.
Tekotylenchua paaloofi n.sp., (= T. loofi nomen nudum) based on 40 females and 20 males collected from soil around roots of Sorghum vulgare from the Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India, has a 077 to 14- mm. long body, a 19 to 21 .long spear, non-areolated lateral fields, a lip region set off, and a tail bluntly conical and 3 to 4 anal body-widths lone.
062 1BALDWIN, J. G. & BARKER, K. R., 1970. "Histopathology of cors hybrids infected with root knot nematode, Meloidogynt incognita." Phyropathology, 60 (8), 1195-1198. The histopathology of Zea mays hybrids, Coker 911 and Pioneer 309B. infected with Meloidogyne incognita was compared. Differences in the penetra dion of M. iMognita larvae were apparent 4 and 8 days after inoculation. Stained root sections from plants harvested after 5, 10, 20 and 25 days, showed that differences between the cells of the 2 hosts become apparent after 10 days. In Coker 911, a good host, granular, multinucleate, giant cells developed. Adjacent cells appeared turgid, and
hyperplasia was minimal. In Pioneer 309B, a poor host, giant cells were vaculated and empty with ill defined walls and fewer nuclei, and the surrounding
cells lacked turgidity in comparison with adjacent healthy tissue. Differences were more pronounced 25 daiys after inoculation. In Coker 911, there were large numsbers of mature egg-laying tcmalcN, little root necrosis, and well-developed giant cells. In Pioneer 309B, few females and no egg masses were found, necrotic cells often surrounded the nema todes, and giant cells were collapsed and apparently dead. A few eggs were found in Pioneer 309B, 58 days after inoculation, indicating very slow develop ment of the few females which did survive.
0617-DASGUPTA, D. R., NAND, S. &
SESIIADRI, A. R., 1970. "Culturing, embryology and life history studies on the lance nematode, Hoplolaimua indicuj." Nemarologica, 16 (2), 235-248. [French summary pp. 247-248.1 Two populations of Hoplolaimu andircswere ultared monoxenically on excised roots of Sorghum vulgare var. CSH I (jowar) in nutrient agar. Prior feeding was necessary for oviposition and development of successive postembryonic stages. The first moult occurred within the egg and the development outside the egg consisted of 3 larval stages and an adult stage with the 3 usual moults. The life.cycle at a temperature of 28' to 32'C. from egg to egg stage was completed in 27 to 36 days and from egg stage to male in 25 to 27 days. Sex differentiation was indicated in the 2nd moult by the presence of 4 specialized ventral chord nuclei present only in feniale larvae. *061 8-REYNOLDS, H1.W., CARTER, W. W. & OBANNON, J. H., 1970. "Symptomless resistance of alfalfa to Meloidogyne incognita acrita." .7. Nematol., 2 (2), 131-134. Penetration, development and migration of Afeloidogyne incognita acrita, in resistant and susceptible
*0622-HUNT, 0. J. ur aL., 1969. "Development of 173
resistance to root-knot nematode (Mdli ogyne hapla Chitwood) in alfalfa (M edicago jativa L.)." Crop. Sci., 9, 624-627.
Clones with dominant monogenic resistance were used in a back-crossing programme to develop resistance in adapted lucerne material. 2 of the recurrent parents were Washoc and Lahonran, which are resistant to aphids, Ditylenchu dipsai and Corynebacterium ,nsidiosum. Results indicate that it was relatively easy to transfer Afeloidogyne hapla resistance to adapted germ plasm while maintaining resistance to several other pests. (From P1. Breed. Abstr., 40, No. 5302.1
ment Printer, 82 pp. [Plant nematodes p. 30.1 A survey of the distribution of Radopholus similis on banana in Rhodesia revealed a number of infested sites, mainly in the Lowveld. Sugar-cane, maize, rice, wheat, tobacco, soybean, potato and groundnut also act as hosts, the last-named often being seriously affected. Fumigation trials on 40 farms indicated that nematodes axc not generally of economic significance in cotton production, but Trichodoru sp. and Pratylenchus brachyurus can cause serious damage to cotton and maize.
06 2 3-LUNDIN, P., 1969. "Breeding of lucerne for resistance to stem nematode and Verticilium wilt." Sver. Utsadesfjr. Tidskr., 79, Suppl. pp. 133-139. [Russian summary pp. 138-139.1 A breeding line of lucerne combining very high resistance to Ditylenchus dipsa.i and Verricillium wilt was developed by recurrent mass selection. Nematode resistance seemed to be due to a small number of major genes, while Verncillium resistance appeared to be nore complex. 624TIKYANI, M. G., KHERA, S. &e 'IoHATNAGAR, G. C., 1970. "A phelenchoides jodhpurensis n.sp. from soil of great millt from Rajasthan, India." Zoo!. An:., 184 (3/4), 239.-241. Aphelmwovo,aoi oA,, n p. . soi around l ftx@Jspeomen wa body 0-53 I to 0-4 m. ka0.
aird field, with 4 nciurs , p,r I :o 14$-lona thickeeLiA. excrtory pios located bebin the zi, ring, ula t70to 71%, o
Is=kl bus]
with a gtnie low of .oct.vujV i, ut ne c aboutn body-wnd h Ion and a is rin t l maosurins 4a anl body.dt. tong anda.i simple ttminlmum. s.RS. 0 62 -HUANG, C. S., 1969. "Mechanism of giant
ceti initiation and the subsequent intracellular
changes caused by root-knot nematode." Diss.
Absrr., 29 (12, Pt. 1), 4470-4471. Giant cell formation and associated pathology in Meloidogyne javanica-infected Vicia faba and Cucumis sativus is described. t06 2t -SONTIRLAT, S. & CHAPMAN, R. A., 1970. "Penetration of alfalfa roots by different stages of Praylenchmu p,'netrans (Cobb)." .7.Nemnatal., 2 (3), 270-271. The diffcicsce in the ability of various stages of Prarylen./hu penetranu to penetrate alfalfa seedlings was studied. Each seedling was inoculated with 25 specimen, of a single s:age in 1.5 ml. water and incubated in the dark for 48 hours at 20 to 25'C.
Results indicated that greater numbers of 4th-stage
larvae and females had penetrated the roots than 2nd
stage larvae and male-. It is concluded that the
composition of inocula used in the study of this
nematode is as important as its quantity. 0627--HART.MANN, R. W., 196S. "A coro'ari-
son of gcne:ic rei:ancc and fumrigtion for Loot-
knot nematode control in pole beans." Proc. Am.
Soc. hart. Sci., 93, 397-401.
Two similar pole bean cultivars, Hawaiian Wonder
(susceptible to Afeloidegyne incognita), and Manoa
Wonder (resistant), were grown in a field heavily
infested with nematodes. Half of the field was
fumigated with D-D. Both genetic resistance and
fumigation were highly effective in increasing yields
over the susceptible Hawaiian Wonder in the non-
fumigated plots. [From Hart. Abirt., 40, No. 1107.1
0628-RHODESIA, 1970. "Report of the Secretary for Agriculture, 1968-69." Salisbury: Govern-
s06 29-BA.DWIN,J. G. & BARKER, K. R., 1970. "Host suitability of selected hybrids, varieties and inbreds of corn to populations of Meloidogyne ipp." 7. Xemard., 2 (4), 345-350. rates f eroto n of 10p The ratesof reproduction of 10 populations of
MAeloidogyne spp. on 14 cultivars of Zea mays were determined and the resulting host response to infection was measured under glasshouse conditions. The rates of nematode reproduction varied with species, populations of species and with maize cultivars. Meloidogyne arenaria, M. incognita and M. javanica reproduced.on aUlcultivars-tested but none of the 3 populations of M. hapla reproduced. Coker and Pioneer hybrids proved more favourable for Meloidogyne reproduction than McNair hybrids or open pollinated varieties and inbreds. The root weight of Coker 911 which supported large numbers of AL. incognita was not affected by the nematode but that of Pioneer 309B which had fewer M. incognita eggs per g. was reduced. There was generally some reduction in root growth of infected plants although top weights were not affected. There was little significant difference in root growth within a given eaoculirtetmn nematode/cltivar treatment
0 6 3 0.-KHEIRI, A., 1970. "Two new species in the family Tylenchidae (Nematoda) from Iran, with a key to Psilenchus de Man, 1921." Nemnato足 logica, 16 (3), 359-368. [German summary p. 367.] Psilenchus iranicus n.sp. from rye and lucerne soil and Tylenchus cerealir n.sp. front rye and surdlower (Helianthuis) soil are described in Iran. The former species has a clavate tail, a post-anal intestinal lobe and spicules 33 ILlong. The latter species has 0.365 to 0.415 mm. long body in the female, vulva at 76 to 78.5%, a short tail with rounded terminus (c = 10 to 11 in females) and 12 to 13 ILlong spicules. *0631-SHERWOOD, R. T. & HUISINGH, D., 1970. "Calcium nutrition and resistance of alfalfa to Ditylenchus dipsaci." J. Nenatol., 2 (4), 316-323. The influence of Ca+- nutrition on the resistance of lucerne, Medicago sativa, to Ditylenchus dipsaci was determined. Susceptible 'Atlantic' and resistant 'Lahontan' lucerne seedlings were grown on sand with a modified Hoagland's solution containing CaCl at 0'75, 1"5, 3, 6, or 12 mM per litre and buds were inoculated with 40 active netatodes in a 1% carboxymethylcellulose suspension. Plants were rc足 inoculated after one day by covering the seedlings with moist vermiculite and pipetting nematodes onto the surface; this covering was removed after 2 days. Penetration of buds and cotyledons after 2 days was equal in 'Atlantic' and 'Lahontan" plants at each Cal, concentration although most nematodes were found in the cotyledons of Lahontan' and the buds of 'Atlantic'. Concentrations of 12 mM CaI' per litre reduced penetration in both plants. 21 days after inoculation the number of nematodes in 174 'Atlantic' buds had increased 3-fold at all Cal+
conceftrations, in the cotyledons at the .1 lower concentrations and in 'Lahontan' buds and cotyledons at the 2 lowest concentrations.
Heteroderidae), a cyst-forming nematode on Zea mayr." Nernatologica, Year 1970, 16 (1), 511-516. [German summary p. 515.1 Hteterodera zeae n.sp. from the roots of maize in Rajasthan State, India, is described and figured. It belongs to the H. schachti group with ambifenestrate type of vulval region. The 2nd足 stage larvae are closest to those of H. lespedezae but are shorter (360 to 440 t- compared with 400 to 510 [L)and have shorter tails (c=8 to 13 cnmpar,',l with 7 to 9). It is distinguished from 1H.glyci','r by host range, cyst measurements and the relatively shorter larval tail. Barley is also a host. It was also collected from maize fields in Pusa, Bihar and Ludhiana, Punjab.
06 3 2-FAULKNER, L. 11.4 BOLANDER, W.J., 1970. "Agricultrally-polluted irrigation water as a source of plant-parasitic nematode infestation." J. Nematol., 2 (4), 368- 374. Experimenitm were made to determine the infectiveness of plant nematodes introduced to a crop in irrigation water. Crops of lucerne, bean, egg plant (Solanurn melongena), peppermint, sugar-beet and wheat were grown during the 3-year experiment in screenhouses on soil iiti.illy fumigated with methyl bromide and watered with canal water (contarmi足 nated) or deep well water (nematode free). Crops were grown under normal commercial conditions of planting and nutrition but at temperatures 6 to 9"C. above field conditions. Samples were taken from the fumigated soil before planting, at 2 weekly intervals during the growing season and monotly for the remaining periods. Large numbers of several genera of nensatodes were found in soil samples froi most crops irrigated with canal water and very few in those irrigated with well water. Parat'yloschus was dominant on all crops except egg-plant, where Atcloidogyne was dominant. Extremely high levels of Paratyvenchus on both well-and canal-watered peppermint were attributed to aerial contamination. Absence of Ditvlenchus dipsaci, known to be present in canal water, was probably due to the higher screehouse temperatures.
06 37-DASGUPTA, D. R. & SESHADRI, A. R., 1971. "Races of the reniform nematode, Rotvlenchuht5 renifornis Linford and Oliveira, 1940." Indian J. Neinatol., 1 (1), 21-21. Two races of Rotylenchidus reniformis became evid,-nt when 10 populations of this nematode species were test. I usin' cowpea (Viqna catjang), castor, and cott.-i. is hosts. 9 populations (Race A) reproduced on a!l the 3 hosts, but one population Rice B) muftiplied on cowpea only and failed to reproduce on castor and cotton.
063 8-TART8, R., 1971. "Evaluation of the damage caused by Pratylenchur zeae in corn under [Abstract. Nena足 tropica,greenhouse 1 (1), 16 conditions." (Also in Spanish p. 36.1l [Negative correlation between nematode density and dr " weight of aerial parts of host.]
*o633-ABDON GUINEZ, S., 1969. "Transmisi6n de nernatodos fitopatrgenos por semillas de forraieras." Agricultura tic., 29 (3), 139-141. Ditvlenchms dipsaci was found in 3 of 24 samples of lucerne seed and in one of 11 samples of clover (Trnfoliti pratense) seed. Afeloidogyne larvae were also found in seed samples of lucerne and clover.
0639 -CORNELISSE, A., MARKS, F., TOWNSHEND, J. L., OLTHOF, Tit. H. A. & POTTER, J. W., 1970. "Plant-parasitic nematode genera associated with crops in Ontario in 1969." Can. P1. Dir. Sur'., 50 (3/4), 104-105. The commonest plant-parasitic nematode genera found in Ontario, Canada, in 1969 in soil samples from 28 crops were Prarylenchus and Paratylenchus in 177 and 86 samples respectively from 17 crops, and Meloidogyne in 16 samples from 9 crops. Heteroderaavenae is a potential danger to corn and crop rotation is necessary to control it.
0634 YADAV, . S. & VER, A, A. C., 1971. "Cereal cyst eelworm and oth-'r nematodes associated with maize in Rajasthai." Indian 7. Nemarol., 1 (1), 97-98. The following species of plant-parasitic nematodes were found associated with maize in Rajasthan, India (the percentage of their occurrence in soil samples is given in parentheses): Heterodera avenae (46); Pratylenchus zeae and P. delattrei (72), Tylenchorhynchus maahhoodi (48), Helicotylenchus spp. (14), Hoplolaimur indicus (26), and Rotylenchulus reniformia (4). In addition, Aphelenchus atenae, Ditylenchua sp. and Tylenchus sp. were present in i2, 62 and 2., respectively of the samples examined. Preliminary pathogenicity tests indicate that Heterodera atenae causes as much damage to maize is it does to wheat and barley.
0640-SOUTHARDS, C. J., 1971. "Effect ot fall tillag, and selected hosts on the population density of Meloidogyne incognita and Pratylenchus zeae." P1. Dis. Reptr, 55 (1), 41-44. The effects of autumn ploughing, fallowing and selected hosts on the populations of Meloidogyne incognita and Prarylenchus zeae were investigated. Plots were ploughed to depths of 15 or 30 cm. and planted with tobacco or maize in the following spring after normal fertilization and ct tivation prccedures. Few weeds grew until August when the fallow plots became covered in crab grass sp.). Although the population of M. incognita larvae was reduced by 73% compared with untilled plots in the following Apihs this folwn April, reduction did not persist into the 2nd year. Tobacco crops greatly increased the population of M. incognita whilst little increase occurred in maize crops. P. zeae increased on maize crops but did not feed on tobacco. There was little increase in nematode numbers on fallow plots.
*0 6 3 6-HUNT, 0. J., GRIFFIN, G. 0.,,MURRAY, 3 r. J., M. SePEADEN, . GW R. N., J. J., PEDERSEN, PEDERSEN, . W. & PR(Digiraria 1971. "The effects of root knot nematodes on bacterial wilt in alfalfa." Phytopathology, 61 (3), 256-259.wihuiildposith The incidence of bacterial wilt infection increased significantly (7 to 76%,) in lucerne plants inoculated with a combination of Afeloidogyne hapla and Corypiebacteriun imidioimm compared with those inoculated with C. inaidiosunt alone. 0'0h 36 KOSHY, P. K., SWARUP, G. & SETHI,
C. L., 1971. "Hererodera zeae n.so. (Nematoda:
*0641 ELGIN,
175
FAULKNER,
J.H.,
L.R.
JR.;
EVANS,
D.W.;
Evaluation of alfalfa for
stem nematode resistance. Crop Science (1975) 15 (2) 275-276 [En] Field Crops Labs., ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MiD 20705, USA. Germinating seedlings of 3 resistant (Apalachee, Lahontan and Washoe) and 3 susceptible (Saranac, Vernal and Ranger) varieties of Medicago sativa were inoculated in the glasshouse with Ditylenchus di i once at 50/seedling and on 3 futhr occasions, 2, 4 and 6 weeks later, at 200/seedling. The seedlings were then rated for resistance on easily recognizable
symptoms 16 weeks after the first inoculation. 90.1, 67.8 and 63.7% of Apalachee, Lahontan and Washoe and 34.9, 15.1 and
12.2% of Saranac, Vernal and Ranger seedlings, respectively, proved resistant. This
method differentiated clearly between
resistant and susceptible varieties of
lucerne and is easy to use.
064 2-IIARTMANN, R. W., 1968. "Manca Wonder, new root-knot nematode resistant pole
bean." Circ. Hazaii aritc. :vp. Sin, No. 67, 10 pp. [Manoa Wonder pole bean [Phaieohus multiforusi resistant
toAleloidoetyne :nionmita.l
cultivated mushrooms are reduced by A. compos ticola. Root-tip galls of rose are caused by X. diversicaudatuin. There has been increasing use of nematicides particularly for high-value crops. 0645-KHURANA, S. M. P., GOSWA.MI, B. K. & RAYCHAUDHURI, S. P., 1970. "Inter action of maize mosaic with root-knot nematode Afeloidogyne incognita (Kofoid& White) Chitwood in maize (Zea mays L.)." Phytopath. Z., 89 (3), 267-272. [German summary p. 271.] The interaction of Mveloidogyne incognita and maize mosaic virus in maize var. Ganga-3 was investigated in experiments in India. When nematodes and virus were inoculated simultaneously the plants suffered more damage, the incubation period for mosaic symptoms was shortest and the reproduction of the nematode was greatest than when either was ino culated alone or one 10 days before the .other.
The nematode did not transmit the virus. Symptoms
of virus disease were not observed inthe roots nor
could virus be r,:covered from them.
*0646-ELMILIGY, I. A., 1971. "Two new species of Tylenchidae, Basiroides nortoni n.sp. and Tylenchus hageneri n.sp. (Nematoda: Tylen chida)." 7. Nematol., 3 (2), 108-112. Bairoides nortcni n.sp. and Tylenchus hageneri n.sp. 0643,-KOTHE, K. & DERN, R., 1970. "Erfahfrom soil arouxd the roots of maize from Olfie, rungen beider Untersuchung von DitylenchusIowa, USA, are described. B. nortoni is0"67 to Befall
an Mais (Zea mayi) in Hessen." Gesunde 0.86 mm.long, with spear 7'0 to 8-5 ILlong, vulva
Pfl., 22 (6), 101-104. [English summary p.104.1 at79.5 to 85.5%, posterior uterine branch slightly
Damage by Ditylenchus dipsaci to maize has been longer than the body diameter, spicules 21 to 25 [L increasing since 1960 in Hesse, West Germany. long and an arcuate tail with pointed terminus.
Itfrequently occurs in fields where maize isgrown
T. hagenerihas 12 to 14 11long spear, 17 to 2.0 IL inplace of fodder beet that has suffered damage by
wide annules near mid-body, vulva at55 to64%, the same nematode. Observations on 7 varieties of
posterior uterine branch about 2/3 as long as maize sown in 2 infested fields
showed that the
body diameter, 18to 23.5 4 long spicules and 154 varieties Inrakorn and Inrafrfih yielded best
to 19.1 I long, filiform tail inboth sexes. Sex ratio although, inthe more heavily infested field,
13%
forboth species was about 1:1. and 52% of the plants, respectively, were attacked.
The varieties
Inti, Cusco, Hybidor, Prior and Velox were more susceptible to damage: their *0647-WANG, L. H., 1971. "Embryology and life infection rates varied from 52 to 72% and yields cycle of Tylenchorhynchus claytoni Steiner, 1937 were 18 to31% below that of Inrakorn.
(Nematoda: Tylenchoidea)." J. Nematol., 3 (2), 101-107. The embryology and development of Tylencho 06 4 4 -STUBBS, L. L., 1971. "Plant pathology in rhynchus claytoni on lucerne are descnbed. The first Australia." Rev. Pl. Path., 50 (9), 461-478. moult is in the egg and the 2nd -stage larva hatches [Nematode disorders,pp.473-474.] in 5 to 6 days at22 to 25°C. Measurements are Xiphinema index, the vector of fanleaf virus of given of allstages from 2nd to adult and gonad grapevine occurs inonly one district of north-eastern development isdescribed and illustrated.
At the
Victoria, Australia. Meloidogyne spp. are widespread fourth moult, which takes 5 to 6 days the cuticle
and damaging inAustralia: AM. javanica and M. splits
transversely into 2 unequal pans. The life incognita cause serious losses to tobacco, ginger, history from egg to egg takes 31 to 38 days at
grapevine, banana, pineapple, tomato, carrot and 28'C.on lucerne. Adult females have 26 and males
Duboisia inQueensland and the former ispresent on 24 or 26 longitudinal striations.
numerous crops inirrigated areas of the Murray valley. Root-knot also occurs inWestern Australia on many crops and on potato, strawberries, ground0 8 a -RHOADES,H. L., 1969. "Effect of nema nuts and root crops inVictoria, New South Wales ticides on yield of field corn incentral Florida." and Queensland. Heterodera avenae isthe most Proc. Soil Crop Sci. Soc. Fla, Year 1968, 28, important root .pathogen of cereals in north262-265.
western Victoria and occurs inSouth Australia, and Eight granular nematicides applied insmall doses
Western Australia. H. schachtii and H. triolii are inthe rows atplanting time were compared with
also important pests in Victoria and Queensland. broadcast D-D in finesandy soilfor control of Tylenchulus sepnipenetrans isprevalent on citrus and Belonolainius longicaudatus in maize in Florida, grapevine in the Murray valley: nematodeUSA.The nematicides used were Dasanit [fensulfo resistant, virus-free grapevine rootstocks are being thionl, Furadan (carbofuran), cynem [thionazin], developed. In New South Wales, Radopholus phorate, a mixture of equal parts of cynem and aimilis isa major pest of bananas, Pratylenchus spp. phorate, Mocap, Temik [aldicarb] and methomyl are widespread on many crops and are associated at rates of3 lb. and 1.5lb. per acre applied as a 14 in.
with disease symptoms and Ditylenchus dipsaci band 2 in.deep inthe rows justbefore planting.
causes decline of lucerne and rotting of narcissus All nematicides gave Improved growth and highly
bulbs. Aphelenchoides fragariae and A. ritzemabosi significant yield increSting nematode popul cause leaf diseases of ornamentals and yields of 176 ations were greatly decreased.
0649 ROIVAINEN, 0., TINNILA, A. & KANERVO, V., 1962. "Observations on the stem nematode Ditylenchus dipsaci (Kuhn) Filipjev as a peat of red clover in Finland." Annls agric. Fenn., 1 (2), 127-132. 0650-TOBAR JIMENEZ, A., GUEVARA BENITEZ, D. & ,AAR'INEZ SIERR-A, C., 1968. "Influencia del Zvgtytenchurs uevarai (Tobar Jimenez, 1963) Braun y Loaf, 19ti6 sabre Rerta ibdr. algunos de sus hospedadorcs." Parasir., 28 (2), 177-187. [Eng!ish surmnary pp. 185-186.] A put experinent was carried out with 5 spe, ies of plants, on a sandy-loans soil, so assces new has.s ot Zygotylenchus gtievarai. The stn:istical data, o,rained 10 months after planting, ihowed thot Vwla tricolor and V. odorata were good' hos:s; white clover and lucerne were resistant hoits but red clover was not attacked by Z. gucarai. 1*v!e:h,7,rhynch:u br.-tidens, accidentaly present in the soil, reproduced on white clover, lucerne, and especia!ly on red clover without interfering with Z. ,waurai. Other nemarndes present in the soil did not play any significant role in the experiment.
0654-ELMILIGY, I. A., 1968. "The occurrence of Hetcrodera gh'cinej on Trifolium alcxandrinun, in United Arabic Rrpublic." NeInatologica, 14 (4), 592-593. Hetcrodcragycincs males, females and larvae were found in soil around roots of Trifolium alcx,:drium in the United Arab Republic. Larvae were found in soil around the roots of Zea mays, Cucurbita mochata, Lycopcrsicon esculciurn and Solanwn u' cro u,. T. alcxandrinuit is considered a host plant of H. glycie3 in the United Arab Republic.
, 1063. [Study of 065 5-SKARBILOVICH, 1'. the susceptibility of various varieties of legumes and of maize to Tylenchorhynchus dubius In: [Helminths of man, (Btitschli, 1873).] animals and plants and their control: Papers on helminthology presented to Academician K. 1. Skryabin on his 85th birthday.] Aioscow: 1:datc.ivo Akad. Nauk SSSR, pp. 511-514.
RASKI, D.J. & SHER, 0656DASGUPTA, D.R., S.A., 1968. "A revision of the genus 1940 and Oliveira, Linford chulus Roty 0651 GRIFFIN, G.D., 1968. "The pathogenici(Nematoda: Tylenchidae)." Proc. helminth. ty of Ditylenchus dipsaci to alfalfa and Soc. Wash., 35 (2), 169-192. the relationhisp of temperature to plant The genus Rotylenchulus is reviewed and Phytopasusceptibility". infection and the genetic diagnosis emended. The morphol足 thology, 58 (7), 929-932.
ogy of Rot lenchulus and key to the species Ditylenchus dipsaei penetrated resistant is given. R. ncotiana and R. stakmani are and susceptible varicties of lucerne with synonymizeT wfithR.ren iform"s.-Descrption equal ease and there was no relationship of redescriptions of the neotype and between the numbers of invading nematodes various stages are given for the genotype, and the response of the host. 28 days after females of
and mature Males R. reniformis. Inoculation, 43 and 33% of the invading R. parvus and larvae of R. borealis are nematodes were found in the cotyledons of tm-e. Thus aescribed for the first susceptible and resistant plants respecR. 6 new species. Rotylenchulus has tively. The effect of temperature on infec-
macrosomus n.sp. from Olea europea, tion was investigated.
Arachi a, Phaseolu vtlgrF' and in srae , is t Ibrealis but differs in its longer stylet, longer hyaline portion to the immature female tail 0652 LUNDIN, P., 1967. "Ny nematodresistent and the larger size of males and immature elit av Weibulls Alfa Blalucern." Welbulls females. R. clavicaudstus n.sp. associated Arbs. Vaxtiforadl. Vaxtodling, Year 1967, with Strilit " 'p. om the Transkei, 2 pp.10-1 .
South Africa, can be distinguished from ,. Ditylenchus dipsaci Is one of the most macrosomus and R. borealis by the lack Uf important parasites of lucerne In Sweden. annulation on tie nfl eTon and the lower Work is in progress on breeding lines for 'o' value, and from R. macrosomus by the resistance, more anterior position of the vulva. R. leptus n.sp. from soil around the roots of grasses and Bamboos vulgaris from Cwelo, Rhodesia, resembles R. parvus but has no on, and has a annulations in the lp 0653 TSENG, S.T., ALLRED, K.R. & GRIFFIN, larger hyaline portion to the immature G.D., 1968. " A soil population study of female tail and a high conoid lip region. Ditylenchus dipsaci (Kuha) Fillpjev In an alfalfa field." Proc. helmintch. Soc. R. variabilis n.sp. associated with Rumex nRhodesia and with bean, corn,
ip. Wash., 35 (1), 57-62. banana, cowpea, oil-palm and other plants d4psaci In a Numbers of Dynchs from differs Nigeria, and Kenya in lucerne field on silt oam near Smithfield, Rotylenehulus parvus in the annulation of Utta, U.S.A., fluctuated seasonally. 2 peak tne lip regionandthe longer hyaline tail densitied were observed during the sampling portion. R. anamictus n.sp. associated with period from August 1965 to June 1966. One Acacia sp. at e-rca, Somalia, differs from peak was between late August and early Sep-
R.t ry 8 in the more posterior vulva and tember 1965, and the other occurred during RntI.F~pe and larger size of the tail in the middle of May 1966. At 0 to 10 cm. the immature female. The body is shorter depth where most of the nematndes were R.
in than smaller stylet the and found, numbers ranged from 50 nematodes per
from
reniformis. R. macrodoratus n.pp. 400 c.c. of soil in autumn to one nematode
, ar,J Prunub TTnSobM Vitis sp., taurus per 400 c.c. of soil in the winter. Peak unique in that soils n tay,-syglu numbers occurred when the soil temperature and longpro足 22 microns than anchor more have et is Itthe atylet was approximately 15'C., and the greater shaped knobs the deviation from this temperature, the 177 ceates directed forwards.
smaller the number of nematodes.
0657 ELMILIGY,
I.A., 1968. "Three new
species of the genus Meloidogyne Coeldi,
1887 (Nematoda: Heteroder id0.1"Nematolog-
ica, 14 (: 577-590. [French summary
8 p.5 9.1
Meloidogvne deconincki n.sp. was found on
Fraxinus excelsior in Belgium. M. litoralis
n.sp. was found on Ligustrum sp. in
France. M. oteifae n.sp. was found on
Pueraria Javanica and Coffeae robusta in
tFe ongo. They can be distinguished from
other known described species by the per-
neal pattern of the female, the lateral
field of the male in N. deconincki and M.
litoralis, the long stylet and more poste-
rFo-rpition of the dorsal gland orifice
in female and male of M. deconincki and by
the elongated stylet kCnob-s ofthe male in
M. oteifae.
065 8SIER. S.A., 1968. "Revision of the
genus Radopholus Throne, 1949 (Nematoda:
Tylenchoidea)." Proc. helminth. Soc. Wash.,
35 (2), 219-237.
The genus Radopholus is emended and R.
similis, R. Inaeualis, R. neosimilis and
F.--wIiamsi redescribed and figured. 7 new
species are described and figured, and a
key to the genus provided. The distribution
and morphological characters of Radopholus
are discussed. R. vangundyi n.sp., associ-
ated with fucaItus sp., Acacia sp. and
grasses from "Victoria, TuhEralia, is
similar to R. neosimilis differing in the hemispherical shape of the female lip, the more tapering tail ind the higher unannulated male lip region. R. magniglans n.sp.
from grasses and Eucalvptus sp. soil in
South Australia, diers from R. vangundyi
in the long conspicuous oesophageal glands
and in the absence of males. R. trilineatus
n.sp. from grass and Eucalptus sp. soil
from New South Wales, Australla, differs
from R. magniglans by the 3 incisures of
the Iiteral feld in the female, and the
more anterior vulva. R. rotundisemensus
n.sp. from grass, Eucalyptus sp. And Acacia
sp. from Victoria, Australia, differs-from
R. inaequalls in having round sperms in the
spermatheca, fewer incisures in the lateral
field and usually a shorter stylet. R.
vertex lanus n.sp. from grass, Eucalypts
sp., and Acacia sp. from Victoria, us ra-
lia, dilffers from R. williamsi by the
longer tail with terminal- n6--da-tuions
and
in the absence of males. R. nativus n.sp.
associated with CarmicTiaeTia monroi,
Celmisia sp., Danthonia sp., Dracophyllum
sp. and Seneci7o bellidiodes from Spring-
field, New' ealand, differs from R.
neosimilis and R. vangundyi by its longer
stylet, the absence of sperms in the
spermatheca and the absence of males. R.
ng ertensis
n.sp. associated with
Anropogon tectorum and Imperata cylindrica
from Ibadan Province, Nigeria,7is distinct
in having phasmids in the posterior part of
the body, a shorter stylet and prominent
vulval lips. All these new species are from
native habitats in the areas described,
0659 FRANDSEN, K.J., 1965. "Observations on
the attack by populations of Ditylenchus
dipsaci on strains of red clover." Suom.
maatal. Seur. Fulk., 107, 18-29.
Populations of Ditylenchus di I
collected from red clover n different
localities In Denmark showed varying 178
infectivity on several red clover variet ies. However, the variation in resistance
within the clover strains exceeded the
variation of the nematode populations. In a
few cases, significant clover strain nema tode population interactions woie found,
but were not consistent; and did not
indicate a possible occurrence of specific
races of red clover nematodes. The varia tion in infectivity between nematode
populations is an indication to the plant
breeder to use nematode inoculum consisting
of an adequate number of different nematode
populations when testing and selecting for
resistance.
0660 OTEIFA, B.A. & TAHA, A., 1964. "Sig nificance of plant parasitic nemat des in
maize deterioration problem. 1. Nematode
species involved in the syndrome of dis eased plants." Tech. Bull. BaLtim exp. Sin,
Egypt agric. Org., No. 73, 16pp. [Arabic
sumnary pp.15-561 0[
In a survey of the nematodes associated
with wilt of maize in Egypt the pathogenic
nematodes found were in the genera
Criconemoides, Lon idorus, Helicotylenchus,
o , Parl;nchus, Xi hinemus,
RotVlenchus, Trichodorus, Tylenchorhynh,
loplolaimus and Pratylenchus.
zeae was
the most common species and is prob6iTy the
main cause of the deterioration of maize
crops in Egypt.
0661 GUPTA,
N.K. & GUPTA,
J.C.,
1967.
"On
Hlelicotylenchus indicus Siddiqi, 1063
(Nematode: Hoplola-mdae), a phyroparasitic
nematode in the Punjab." Res. Buil. Panjab
Univ. Sci., Year 1966, 17 (3/4), 221-222.
!!eicotlenchus indicus Siddiqi, 1963 is
detailed; trus insis and Cynodon
dctI are recorded as its host in
Ludhiana, India.
0662 OTEIFA, B.A. & TAHA, A., 1964. "Sig nificance of plant parasitic nemitodes in
maize deterioration problem. 11. Incidence
of root rot caused by the root-lesion nema tode, Pratylenchus zeae Graham." Tech.
Bull. Bahtim exp. Stn, Egypt. agric. Org.,
No. 74, 2 6pp. [Arabic summary pp. 24 -261
The symptoms and histopathology of
Pratylenchus zeae on Zen mays in the United
Arab Republic are desc-ribed. Maize variet ies Nab Elgamal, Early American and Giza
baladi were not resistant to infection but
showed less damage than varieties Single
Cross 14 and Double Cross 67 which, al though they had fewer nematodes in them,
showed high levels of root and stem rot.
Vapam [metham sodium] at 40, 70 and 100
gal. per feddan gave good control of the
nematode and increased crop yields.
0663 TARJAN, A.C., 1865. "Rejuvenation of
nematized centipedegrass turf with chemical
drenches." Proc. Fla St. hort. Soc., Year
1964, 77, 456-461.
Criconemoides citri and Pratylenchus
scribneri on Eremochloa ophiuroides in pots
were control1
by drenches
of Nemagon,
Diazinon, Bayer 25141 (Dasanit], Zinophos
Ithionazin] and Niagara 9227 in Florida,
U.S.A. In plot tests with E. ophiuroides
infected with P. goodeyt TrTchodorus
christei and Hemicycliophora parvana, only
Bayer 25141 remained an effective control
agent 12 weeks after treatment,
0664 GAROFALO, F., 1964. "Fenomeni di correlazione tra Heterodera gotttngiana
Liebscher e Fusarium rum (Sch.) Syn. et iana nelluavvizzimento delle piante di pisello et di lupino". Boll. Lab. sper. Oss. Fitopatol., 27 (2/ ) 33-48. [English & French summaries pp.45-46!
sacchari, A. dactylocercus and A. trivialis
in the shape of the tail and lorm of the
mucro. A. teres n.sp. (females only) from soil around the roots of G. indicum, dif fers from A. chaaelocephalus yaving a post-vulvar-uterine sac zad from A. longiurus by the smaller post-vulvar uterine sac, the position of the nerve-ring
and the smaller number of incisures in the
lateral field. A. parascalacaudatus n.sp.
(female only) from soil around the roots of
A. from differs dyiolo Gnodon .cr...datus and A. singhi in the absence of knobs or thickenings on the stylet.
0665 GODECK, W. &FAVRET, E.A., 1965. "Observaciones sobre la selecci6n de alfalfa resistente al nematode del tallo." Revta Investnes Agropec., B. Aires, Serie 2, 0668KOSHY, P.K., 1967. "A new species of
2(3), 41-54, (English summary p.41l ,leterodera from India." Indian Phytopath.
The effect of Anguilullina TDitylenchus]
20T3T,272-274.
dipsaci as a selective agent on lucerne in Heterodera cajani n.sp. is briefly do T hns of the Argentine was investi-
scribed from anus c V inensis, gated. In fields the effect was not reliGlycine max, PTlum sativum, Vici ativa, able and so pot tests were carried out. Phaseolus mungo, P. aureus, P. calcaratus This gave a selection index of up to 35% an'--'-hacnitifoIus in India. The new for the 4 years following germination,
species is close to l. trifolii, differing only in some body measurements of the 2nd stage juveniles. A detailed description is
0666 SEN, A.K. & JENSEN, H.J., 1969. "Hostparasite relationships of various plants
and hop cyst nematode, leterodera humuli".
Pl. Dis. Reptr, 53(i), 3T-0_.
The host range of lleterodera humuli was
found to be mainly in the UrtTccacacbut it
will also infect some plants in the
Cruciferae, Cucurbitaceae, Leguminosae and
Moraceae. New host records are given for
Phaseolus vulgaris humulis, Vicia villosa,
7tTTsh
Cucumis sa Trifolium e satim andm asica -ngra.
to be published.
0669VIGLIERCHIO, D.R. & CROLL, N.A., 1968.
"lost resistance reflected in differential
nematode population structures." Science,
N.Y., 161 (3838), 271-272.
Axenic cultures of callus tissuz from
onion, white clover, red clover and lucerne
were used as host material for the garlic
race of Ditylenchus di a. It was found
that goodhostmateria bore a nematode
population with fewer males than poor host
material.
06 67 CHAWLA, .L., BIAMBURKAR, B.L., KIIAN,
E. & PRASAD, S.K., 1968. "One new genus
067OBINGEFORS, S. & ERIKSSON, K.B., 1968.
and seven new species of nematodes from
"Some problems connected with resistance
India." Labdev F. Sci. Technol. Ser. B, 6
breeding against stem nematodes in Sweden."
(2), 86-100.
Z. PflZucht., 59 (4), 359-375. fGerman
The following new nematodes are described
summary p.373.]
and figured from Delhi, India. Leptonchulus
Techniques for rearing Ditylenchus
Indicus n.g., n. sp. from tap water a
d Inoculum in callus tissue cultures
similar to Chitwoodius app., differing in
an or inoculation and resistance testing
the shape of the spear extension and in
In the laboratory are described with red having unpaired gonads and an unfrfnged
clover and lucerne. Red clover seedlings anterior vaginal area. Tylenchorhynchus
inoculated with tap water suspensions of cacti n.sp. from soil around the roots of
the nematode became infected. Repeated inoculations did not increase the degree of an unnamed cactus differs from T. acutus in
the anterior location of the excretory pore
infection. Nematodes from callus cultures and posterior location of the phasmid. T.
seemed to be - effective an inoculum as delhiensis n.sp. from soil around the roots
nematodes collected from infested fields.
of Anona squamosa differs from T. nudus by
D. dijc populations from red clover in its shorter stylet and oesophagus, poste-
Uiffeet parts of Sweden showed only
riorly located excretory pore and absence
slight differences in pathogenicity.
of males. Tpphurus indicus n.sp. from soil
around the roots o W. squamosa is distinc tive in its small body and spear size, dis-
0671 LUNDIN, P.; JONSSON, H.A. Weibull's tinct hemizonid and posterior location of
Vertus, a lucerne variety with higa;
the vulva. A key to Trophurus is given,
resistance to stem nematodes and
Males are not recorded Tfromany of the ape-
Verticillium wilt. Agri Hortique Genetica
cies so far described. Aphelenchoides del-
(175TT3(1/4) 17-32 TEn, del
hiensis n.sp. from soil aroundthe roots-of
An account is given of the development in
Anona sqa differs from Aphelenchoides
Sweden of the lucerne variety Vertus which
tr valis, A_ dactylocercus, A. sacchari
is highly resistant to Verticillium
albo-atrum and Ditylenchus dipsa. and A. composticola in having the mucro
The new
centzally-Tocated on the tail. It also dif-
variety is based on the Flemish type of
fers from the first 2 species in its longer
lucerne and can be grown in areas suitable
stylet, well developed post-vulvar-uterine
for this type where Verticilllum wilt and
sac and higher 'o'valve, and from the last
stem nematode are common.
2 species in the positions of the nerve ring and excretory pore. A. indicus n.sp.
from soil around the roojs -o-spiu
0672ANOSU, J.O.; TAYLOR, D.P. Stimulation
179 of growth of red clover by Tylenchorhynchus
Indicum differs from A. composticola, .
" Indian Journal of Nematology (1974
M. 1975) 4 (2) 132-137 [En] Dep. of
Plant Path. Univ. of Illinois, Urbana-
Champaign, Illinois 61801, USA.
Tylenchorh;nchus agri on Kenland red clover,I T5Tium ! pratense, was not patho-
genic for 90 days after inoculation. The
top growth and weight of red clover
increased progressively as the level of
inoculum was increased from 1,000 to 10,000
nematodes/pot. The nematodes were seen to
feed only on the epidermal cells in the
region of elongation of their host roots.
067 3 HUTTON, D.C.; HAERTON, J.L. Investi-
gating the role of Rotylenchulus reniformis
in a decline of pigeon pea. [Abstract J.
Nematropica (1975) 5 (2) 24 TEn] Plant
Protection Div., Min. of Agric., Hope,
Jamaica, West Indies.
No relationship was evident between the
numbers of RotyIenchulus reniformis in the
rhlzospheres o pgeon pea [CaJanus indicus varieties in Jamaica and the number of plants showing symptoms of decliit. Howevrt, when the nematode popula-
tions were suppressed the plants grew
faster and flowered earlier and one riety
produced a significantly greater yiuld of
green pods.
06'4 ENDO, B.Y. & SCHAEFFER, G.W., 1967.
"lasponse of Heterodera trifolii in red
ciover roots to azauracil and oth'- inhibi-
tors." Phytopathology, 57 (6), 57 17. Azauracil, an inhibitor of RNA b:';t:,esis, consistently prevented Hleterodera trtfolif
frc:a Geveloping beyond the 3rd a-age in
roots of Trifolium pretense. Uracil and
uridine, n-ial cons tii~iits of nucleic
acids, partially reversed this effect.
0675 MINTON, N.A. & DONNELLY, E.D., 1967. "Additional Vicia species resistant to
root-knot nematodes." Pl. Dis. Reptr, 51
(7), 614-616.
Glasshouse experiments indicated that
Vicia calcarata, V. serratifolia, V.
:pc .g-ra andsventeen F7 and F hybrifs from the V. sativa x V. crdata gross are
resistant to MeiLdogyne gnta, M.
incognita acrita and N. Javanica but
susc ile _ arenaia and i apla,
V. leganyana ind V. -n ustifolia are susceptible to all 5 nematode species. 0676 SOUTHARDS, C.L., 1967. "The pseudo-
root-knot nematode of Bermuda grass in
Tennesspe." Pl. Dis. Reptr, 51 (6), 455.
Abundant egg masses and females of
Hpsopermne graminis were recovered from
rofr ens odon dactylon.
0677 SHAVROV, G.N., 1967. [Three species Aphelenchoides Fischer, (sematoda:of Aphelenchoididae).F Zool.
new
1894
1h.,
46 (5), 762-764. [In Russian: English
summary p.764.]
3 new species of Aphelenchoides are
described from the roots and soil around
the roots of Glycine hi ida in the
Primorsk region in the Russian Far East. A.
parabicaudatus n.sp. is characterized by a
compound mucro and is similar to A.
bicaudatus but differs in the structure 3f ISO
the buccal capsule, stylet length (8
microns) and the position of the excretory
:)ore and nerve ring. A. editocaputis n.sp.
has a single mucro and a'short post-vulval
tterine sac and differs from A. spinosus by
the shape of the tail, buccal capsule and
ovary and the position of the excretory
pore and nerve ring. A. parasubtenuis n.sp.
has a simple mucro and differs Trom A.
subtenuis by the body size and groportion,
shape of buccal capsule and the shape and
size of the genital system.
0678 BIRD, A.F., 1967. " Changes associated
with parasitism in nematodes. I. Morphology
and physiology of preparasitic and parasit-
Ic larvae of Meloidogyne javanica" F.
Parasit., 53 (4),
Both* morphological and physiological
changes associated with the onset of the
parasitic mode of life were observed in
living 2nd-stage larvae of Heloidogyne
anca. These changes which took place as
the larvae became parasitic in clover radi足 cles were observed under phase-contrast at
high magnification. Changes in the mobility
and infectivity of these larvae during the
same periods were also measured. There is
an accumulation of grjriules in the ducts of
the subventral oesophageal glands shortly
before hatching. These granules appear to
be associated with penetration both of the
egg-shell and the plant cell wall and dis足 appear completely within one to 3 days of
entry into the host. Within this period of
time there is an approximate threefold
enlargement of the dorsal and subventral
oesophageal glayds. At the same time there
is a progressive loss in the ability of the
larva to reinfect its host and to move
through the soil.
0679 GRIFFIN, G.D., 1967. "Evaluation of
several techniques for screening alfalfa
for resistance to Ditylenchus dipsaci." P1. Dis. Reptr, 51 (8), 651-654.
Inoculation of lucerne seed with
Ditylenchus dipsaci was best done in the
glaouse at 30 to 60% R.H. or in a con足 trolled humidity chamber of 80 to 100% R.H.
Inoculation of mature lucerne plants was,
however, more effective. Inoculation of
cotyledons was only effective when done in
a controlled humidity chamber at 80 to 100%
R.H.
0680 NORTON, D.C., 1967. "Xplema
americanum as a factor in unthriftiness of
red clover." Phytopathology, 57 (12),
1390-1391.
In field and glasshouse tests, yields of
Trifolium pretense were greater when ameril-inum was absent. X. americanum was the must common pathogenrc nematode in the field. Other pathogenic and non-pathogenic nematodes found are listed.
DOCP was directly toxic to red clover and probably
did not influence the yield in足 crease. X. amercanum probably caused poor
growth OF r1d clover.
0681 STOKES, D.E. & LANGDON, K.R., 1966. "A
grass host plant of the citrus nematode,
Tylenchulus semipenetrans, and other
associated plants." P1. Dis. Reptr, 50
(11), 822-825.
An indigenous Florida grass, Andropogon
rhizomatus, is a newly reported host tar Tylenchulus semipenetrans. Adult females and other stages were dissected from A. rhizomatus roots. The nematode was found associated with 18 other plant species.
0682 HUSSAIN, S.I. & K(HAN, A.M. 1967. "A new subfamily, a new subgenus and eight new species of nematodes from India belonging to superfamily Tylonchoidea." Proc. helmith. Soc. Wash., 34 (2), 175-186.
A new subfamily Rotylenchulinae is
proposed under the family Hoplolaimidae to
include the genus Rotylenchus.
Interrelationships of the genera oT te
family Tylenchidae are discussed.
Ottolenchus n.subg. is proposed under the
genus Tylenchus. Tylenchus (Ottolenchus)
equisetus nubg.g n.sp. is descrFbed from
soil around the roots of Casvarina
equisetifolia at Aligarh, Uttah PraFes,
India. It is distinguished by a moderately
developed bursa in males, a lip region not
clearly annulated, and an oval median bulb.
T. (Lelenchus) mirus n.sp. is described
from soil around the roots of Hibiscus
rosasinensis at Aligarh. t is
distinguished by the position of the vulva,
size of the spear and in the tail length.
T. (L.) cynodoneus n.sp. is described from
ioil-aron the roots of Cynodon dacty Ion
at Aligarh. It differs from T.T .
discrepans in the absence of malesrsize-of
the spear and length of the tail.
Ditylenchus minutus n.sp. is described from
soil around the roots of Punica granatum at
Ghazipur, Uttah Pradesh. T-t-]T-fers from D.
misellus by the almost straight body when
reTaxed and more posteriorly located vulva.
D. cyperi n.sp. is described from soil
arountEne roots of Cyperus rotundus at
Aligarh and it differs from related species
mainly in the position of the vulva, the size of the spear and in the shape and length of the tail. D. ausafi n.sp. is described from soil around the roots of Rosa sp. at Aligarh and is characterized by a long tail, short bursa and relatively anterior vulva. In the family Hoplolaimidae, Rot lenchus helicus n.sp. is described from so around the roots of Psidium guajava at Rampur, Uttah Pradesh.
T-"--er-s"_Tr- all closely related species
except R. orientalis in having the orifice
of thedorsal oesophageal gland at more
than half the spear length behind the spear
base. It is distinguished from R.
orientalis in the size of the spear,
position f the phasmid and presence of
distinct epiptygma in females,
Hemicycliophora dhirendri n.sp.
(Hoplolaimidae) is described from soil
around the roots of Cyperus rotundus at
Aligarh. It is characterized by the absence
of longitudinal lines, hemizonid and the
tubular sheath covering the spicules, also
by the size of the spear and the spicules,
the shape of the tdil and in having the
vulva under a folded skirt,
0683 HIJINK, M.J., 1968. "Influence of
Neloidogyne hapla on the white clover con-
tent of a grass-clover mixture at different
levels of nitrogen fertilisation."
[Abstract.J International Symposium of
Nematology (8th), Antibes, Sept. 8-14,
1965. Reports, p.75.
181
0684 GRIFFIN, G.D. 1967. "Chemical control
of the stem nematode Ditylencus dipsaci."
Pl. Dis. Reptr, 51 (11)774.
The effectiveness of various chemicals in
controlling Ditylenchus dipsaci in lucerne
was compared. Liquid formulations of cynem [thionazim] and dimethoatc at 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 lb. per acre, and Bayer 37289 at the 2.0 lb. rate, gave good to excellent con trol of D. dipsaci. Methyl demeton-R and
Bayer 251-41 gave fair control but were
equally effective in suppressing galling as
were cynem, dimethoate and Bayer 37289.
Both formulations of phorate at all rates
and the granular formulation of cynem gave
relatively poor nematode control but fair
supression of galling. No data on nematode
numbers were obtained for the liquid formu lation of phorate owing to the poor control
of galling.
0685 EPPS, J.M. & GOLDEN, A.M., 1967. "Suitability of 'be Leaedeza for repro duction of isolates o e soybean cyst nematode from nine locations. " Pl. Dis. Reptr, 51 (9), 775-776.
Isolates of Heterodera jycIs repro duced on "Lespedeza str ata in glasshouse
experiments. Some variations occurred in
the rates of reproduction but all isolates
were highly pathogenic and could not be
differentiated on this host. Results show
that L. striata can serve as an important
host E"r aTTli 9 isolates of the soy-bean
cyst nematode from 6 states of the U.S.A.
0686 LAUGHLIN, C.W. & WILLIAMS. A.S., 1968.
"Effects of inoculum levels of lypperine
graminis on root growth of 'TiigIT
bermudagrass (Cynodon sp.)." Nematologica,
14 (1), 9-10.
0687 GRISSE, A. DE, 1967. "Description of
fourteen new species of Criconematidae with
remarks on different species of this fami ly." Biol. Faarb., 35, 66-125. fFrench sum mary pp.87-881
14 new species of Criconematidae are de scribed and figured: one Criconemoides sp.,
4 Macroposthonia spp., 4 Nothocriconema
spp., 4 Discocriconemella app. and one
Lobocriconema ap. C. amorph s n.sp. was
collected from a dune at Niddelkerke,
Belgium; M. coomansi n.sp. from around the roots of hloris gyana from Salines, Congo Republic T onglihihasal; N. denondeni n.sp. from sandy soil arcund the roots of citrus and from clay soil around the roots of coffee from Paramaribo, Surinam; M. dherdei n.sp. from around the roots of oTd peachtrees and grass from Rijkstuinbouw school, Helle, Belgium; H. perenMiformis n.sp. front around the roots of potao fro Santo Domingo, Venezuela; N. corbetti n.sp. from around the roots of Fimbristylis sp. from Zomba, Nalawi; N. dubium n.sp. from around the roots of tea plants in Nusasa and banana in Mwindozi, Burundi; N. loofi n.sp. from sandy dune soil around the roots of grass plants from iddelkerke, Belgium; N. solitarium n.sp. from a bamboo forest near eto, Congo Republic; D. baforti n.sp. and D. macramphidia n.sp. from a forest along-the Kings river, Kamena, Congo
Republic; D. glabrannulata n.sp. from
savanna at Kamena, Congo Republic; D.
sphaerocephaloides n.sp. from around the
roots
of
sugar-cane
from central
Nyanza,
Kenya; L. au m n.sp. from grass roots from Kansimba, ongo Republic. 34 formerly
described Criconemoides species are
synonyms and 20 are species inquirendae. A
key is given for the 10 genera of
Criconematidae and the species are
described and illustrated,
0688 KIIAK [HAQ], .M., 1968. [Aphelen-
choides echinocaudatus n.sp. (Nematoda,
phl-enchoididae)J Zool. Zh., 47 (2),
287-289. [In Russian: English sumnary
p.289.1
Aphelenchoides echinocaudatus n.sp. from
the roots of maize grown for several years
on the experimental fields of the
Timiryuzev Agricultural Academy in Moscow,
is described and is differentiated in a key
from the 3 nearest species A. helophilus,
A. brevionchus and A. para il. The
new species is characterized as follows: both females and males just over 0.42 mm. in length, "a" - 23.3 to 28.2, cuticular striation very fine, lateral fields with 4 lines, stylet 10.44 microns in length and with weakly developed basal knobs, about 2.32 microns; in females, the uterus is short (about 2.1 x the vulval body diameter) and in males, the spicules measure 16.24 microns and a pair of post anal papillae is present.
with
various
0690 HUISINGH, D. & SHERWOOD, R.T., 1968. "The role of calcium in resibtance of alfala to Ditylenchus dipsaci." [Abstract.] Nematologica, 14 (1), 8-9.
0691 OVECHNIKOV, G.T., 1962. [The dynamics or Ditylenchus, Aphelenchoides and lnfections iea of clover on collec-
farms in the Moscow and Smolensk
regions.1 Trudy vses. Soveshch.
Fitogelmint. (5th), Samarkand, pp.180-199.
(InRussian: English summary p.199.1
0692 DIAB,
K.A.,
Heterodera ize, U.A.R" N Roots of Vigna Island, Giza-,T
1968.
"Occurrence
ogne
0694 COLMAN, R.L., "Root knot nematodes as
a cause of poor growth of clover on the far
north coast of N.S.W." Agric. Gaz. N.S.W.,
75 (10), 1367-1368.
0695 RAABE, R.D., 1966. "Check list of plant diseases previously unreported in Hawaii," Pl. Dis. Reptr, 50 (6), 411-414. Meloidogyne sp. is reported from Acacia -- , Honda onicum and it lgai.m thyrsoides for first time In Hwaii. 0696 SHEPRERD, Trifolium repens R.L.,
1965.
"Reaction of L. to
root-knot nematodes, e-i-Fncoglta acrita." Diss.
Abstr., 26 (3), 1271. 0697 SINGH, N.D. Studies on selected hosts
o lenchuils reniformis and its
pathogenicty )soybean -51n max.)
(1975) 5 (2) 46s5p1[e.nes1 CARDI, Univ. of the West Indies, Trinidad, West Indies.
Population changes of Rotylenehulus
reniformis were estimated on 6 plant species, namely, tomato, onion, pigeon pea (Ca anus cajan), maize, Commelina elegans an yoo dacton after6 and ks growth. Tomato, pigeon pea and Commelina
elegans (a weed grass) were good hosts;
maize, onion and _ynoon dactylon were poor
hosts. The roots of pigen pea and onion
were severely damaged. Experiments on the
pathogenicity of R. reniformis to soybean
cv Jupiter showed significant reductions in
the mean weight of roots and tops and in
lings height plant weeks after were 8planted 3-day-o)J in soil
with seed 384
larvae/200 g. When 10-day-old seedlings were inoculated with 500 or 1,000 R. reniformis larvae/pot containinE 2 seeU linga in sterilized soil, reductions in root and top weights and in plant height were recorded after 10 weeks, and infected plants had paler leaves than those not
infected.
0698 EDMUNDS, J.E., 1966. "Nematode-fungus
interactions with alfalfa roots with special reference to Pratylenchus pnsns Fussrium an lr0cnoerma vir 'e. iss. A .,26 (10), 5637-5638.
of
e from the Golden Island, Tologica, 14 (1), 148. sinensis grown on Golden .. , were heavily infected
of
0693 MARTINEZ, R. [Determination of losses
in yield caused by the nematode
Pratylenchus zeae in maize.I Detorminaci6n
de pdrdidas ocasionadas par el nemAtodo
Pratylenchus zeae en los rendimientos de
maf In Tart4El nemtodo Pratylenchus
zeae, parasito del mafz, del arroz y del
sorgo; una amenaza para la agricultura
Panamefia. Panama; Facultad de Agronomfa,
PanamA Universidad. (1971) [Es]
d 0689 SETHI, C.L. & SWARUP, G., 1968. "Plant parasitic nematodes of north-western India.
I. The genus Tylenchorhynchus." Nematolog ica, 14 (1), 77-88. [Gerian summaryp .87. survey of 4 states of north-western India revealed a preponderance of species
ofNematropica
known species, 3 of which are recorded for
the first time from India, and 4 new
species are described. T. choai n.sp. from
soils around the roots of-9-yzyglum cuminis in New Delhi differs from T. triglyphus in having a longer stylet and - different head shape. T. h li n.sp. from soil around the roots of hseolus conitfolius in
Bhantinda, Punjab, has a distally recurved
bursa. T. zeae n.sp. from soil around the
roots of Ze n--ys in Sangrur, Punjab, has a
continuous -T--iregion and no post-anal extension of the intestine. T. berberidis n.sp. from soil around tfie roots of Berberis aristata in Narkanda, Himachel Tra~d-s- h g stylet,
stages
incogita and also had lemon-shapedfmales
of Heterodera c ,ines the latter being a
new record fo r .R.
182
0699-GOSTICK, K. G. & CRANSTON, D. M., 1964. "The sorption of methyl bromide by lucerne seed." P1. Path., 13 (1), 1-6. It is possible to use parameters based on the adsorp
there were no differences in the top and root weights compared with control plants. Infected roots were only slightly discoloured. M. hapla and Al. incognita acrita severely galled the roots of hairy vetch but the root weights were not very different from those of controls. Al. incognita acn'ta had no effect on top weights but Al. hapla decreased top weight by 23%. Of these 4 nema
tion of metnyl bromide gas on to lucerne seed infested with Ditylenchus dipsaci to predict the length of time a fumigation should take at the obtaining temperature and moisture content. 1966. "Central D.C.M., 0700 C0RBETT, An III. nematodes. African witho n.sp. associated hyparrheniae pp" Ilyparrhenia broom 'witches' Nematologica, 12 of (2), 280-286. [French
odes only T. chrirrci decreased the total yield of hairy vetch in 4 croppings at monthly intervals; there was 411% less total yield by weight compared with controls. Al. hapla, Af. javanica, T. christiei and C. curvatum interfered with root nodulation by Rhizobiun leguninosartpim. The combined effects of Al. hapla, 7. chrriei and C. curvare in various combinations were severest in the treat ments incorporating T. christiei. C. curvation and T. chri'rieireproduced best at 25'C. but T. christiei seemed more tolerant of a wider range of tempera ture. The total length of T. chritiei but not of C. curvatun varied inversely with the temperature; mean values of length and width of adults from those reared in lower temperatures were consistently greater than those reared in higher temperatures.
summary p.286.] from infloAnguina hyparrheniae n.sp., from collina of tlyparrheniae rescences t most closely descrbed. is alawi, resembles A. spemopha a but differs in the terminal process of te size and shape the tail of both sexes and in having a no flexures and a with smaller female gonad larger post-uterine sac. The male also has a shorter tail than that of A. spermophaga. The inflorescences of several species of Ilyparrhenia in Malawi are commonly clumped, forming "witches' brooms". All such inflorescences examined were infested by A.
hyparrheniae.
0703 -MONTEIRO, A. R., 1963. "Pratilencose do milho." Revra Agric., S Pas o, 38 (4), 177-187. [English summary pp. 184-185.1 In 11 localities of Sbo Paulo State, Brazil, PratyIenchus brachyurus and P. zzae alone and together were found causing disease of Zea mays. This is the first record of P. zeae front Brazil. Measure ments of members of each population are given with reference to distinguishing between the 2 species. Other hosts and the geographical distri bution of the nematodes are mentioned, the symptoms of infected Z. mays are described and control methods are suggested. A female P. brach) urus killed by the fixative had, in the uterus, an egg containing a live, well developed larva; the significance of this is discussed.
1966. W.F., & ,AI, J.E. 0701 EDMUNDS, Pratyenchus of increase "Population in alfalfa and celery roots penetrans infected with Trichoderma viride." Phytopathology, 56 (11), 71T-2T. were nematodes more Significantly recovered from lucerne roots infected with and Trichoderma
penetrans Pratylenchus vrde tan from roots infected with P. only. Each organism retarded the 2eara! shoots and roots of lucerne, and 'tF their combined effect was greater but not pe t:an The number of P. additive. ether recovered from celery was similar the roots were inoculated with T. viride or
not, but their combined effect significant ly retarded the growth of shoots and roots.
0704 -I-IEYNS, J., 1966. "Studies on South African Xip/inema species, with descriptions of two new species displaying sexual dimorphism of the tail (Nematoda: Dorylaimoidea)." Ne na tologica, 12 (3), 369-384. [German summary p. 383.] Xiphinema dirnorphicaudatumn.sp. from soil about the roots of pineapple, citrus, cotton and Acacia spp. near East London, Cape Province, South
0702 MALEK, R. B. & JENKINS, W. R., 1964. "Aspects of the host-parasite relationships of nematodes and hairy vetch." Bd. New .7ers. agric.Exp. Stn, No. 813, 31 pp. In pot-tests, Afeloidgyne arenaria galled Vicia villosa but not as intensively as did ,f. incognita acritaand Wl.hapla. V. villosa is a new host for A. arenaria. Trichodorus christici, Criconemoides curvanimn, C. nutabile, Paratylenchiacurvitatus, Scurellonena brachyurum, and Rotyienchus uniforzis increased at least 10-fold on V. tdlosa in 3 months. V. villoa is a new host recorded for all but T. christiei. C. xenoplax, also a previously unreported species from hairy vetch, increased less than 10-fold. Pratylenchus penetrans, P. crenatus, Belonolaimtus longicaudatus, Hoplolahinu galeattur, C. lobatum, C. morgenie and Xiphinema amercarrdn sustained their original inoculation levels. All but P. penetrans are newly-recorded fr.im hairy vetch. C. reedi, C. macrodorum and Lonidorus elangatu, did not reproduce on hairy vetch. Hairy vetch is not recommended as a cover crop in the presence of these nematodes: In pathogenicity tests, 7'. christid increased 97-fold in 90 days and the fresh weights of tops and roots averaged 63 and 79% respectively, less than those of non-inoculated plants. Infected plants had abnormally bluishgreen foliage and smaller leaflets compared with healthy controls. Infected roots had an over-all dark brown discoloration and devitalized root tips. 56-fold in 9(1 days hut C. curuaturn incre'.7,e
The female resembles Africa, is described. X. vanderlindei and has an elongate-conoid tail, while the male has a short tail with a peg. In X. variabile n.sp., of which the female resembles X. opisthohysterum, the female tail is likewise conoid and the mle tail pegged, but the tail is shorter than in X. dimorphicaudatum,quite variable, usually shorter in the male than in the female, and the peg not always distinct. X. varabiie was collected from grassland next to a citrus orchard in Transvaal. X. flagellicaudatum, of which the male was hitherto unknown, is redescribed and figured.
183
0705 -EDMUNDS, J. E. & MAI, W. F., 1966. "Effect of Trichoderma viride, Fusariimoxysporum and fungdJ enzymes upon the penetration of alfalfa roots by Pratylenchus penetrans." Phyto patl:oIny, 56(10), 1132-1135. More O'ratylenchus penetrans entered lucerne roots treated with Trichoderma viride and Fusarium oxysportm at spore concentrations ranging from 96 x 10' to 51 x 10 5 and 6.2 10 to 2.0 x 10 respectively, than entered non-inoculated roots.
In general, the number of P. penatran recovered froti lucerne roots was nut significa:ly influenced by treatment ofroots either with cnide ftangalenzyme preparations or with purified polygalacturonasc or cellulase.
mays was inhibited by a necrotic tis;ue reaction and female nematodes failed to produce viable c-sts. Nematode development and related histological changes within invaded root tissues are described for each host and differences in host-parasite relationships are discussed.
0706 -HOWELL, R. K. & KRUSBERG, L. R., 1966. "Changes in conccntations of nitrogen and free and bound amino acids in alfalfa and pea infected by Dit_1,ichu dipjaci." 11hyto-
07iW -HAWN, E. J. & HANNA, M. R., 19b7. "Influence of stem nematode infestation on bacterial wil, reaction and forage yield of alfalfa varieties." Can. J7. P1. Sci, 47 (2), 20?-208. After glasshouse experiments in which Dtylenchms dipsaci carried Corynebacter'un imjidioun into the crow-n buds of lucerne [see Helm:i't. Abstr., 3:1, No. 10201 field experiments wee done with lucerne grown tider irrigation in southern Alberta, Canada, to examine (i) die effects of stem nematode on the susceptibility of lucerne to bacterial wilt and (ii) the effect of stem nematode on hay production. In experiment (i), lucerne varieties Grimm (sus足 ceptible to D. dipsaci and C. insidioimn), Venal (partially resistant to D. dipsaci, very resistant to C. injidiosun), Beaver (susceptible to D. diprac,', very resistant to C. ir:idJ.osw) and Lahontan (resistant to D. dipsaci and C. insidiosuan) were inoculated with both pahog,:ns in a factorial design and rated for nematode infestation and bacterial wilt. In experimenr (ii), lucerne variecie Grimm, Vernal, Beaver, Lalbontan, Ladek (sus足 ceptible to D. dipsaci, partially resistant to C. itsidi足 osum) and Talent (resistant to D. dipsaei,susceptible to C. iniidioua) were inoculated with D. dipsaci and rated for winter injury and yield. Grimm became infected with bacterial wilt in all treatments but when bacteria and nematodes were both inoculated the incidence of bacterial wilt increased. The incidence of bacterial wilt in Vernal remained small in spite of moderate infestation with nema足 todes. The incidence of bacterial wilt in Beaver was increased by the nematodes and was equal to that of Grimm when both pathogens were inoculated. Lahontan retained its resistance to both pathogens. In experiment (ii), there were no significant losses in the first seann but all except Talent and Lalontan suffered winter injury and yielded less in the following season. Vernal recovered better than the other varieties but similar trends were established in the 3rd season. These experiments show the need for a cold-hardy variety of lucerne resistant to both D. dipsaci and C. insidiosnon for the irrigated areas of southern Alberta.
pa:holy,56 (10), 1170-1177. Total nitroen and free and bound amino-acids in lucerne and pea sce-!Ing shoot tissues infected with LtyirvIenc s dipsaci were compared with those in non-infterd tissues at 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after inoculation of tcrninating seeds. At 28 days aniost 2 5 tites as nany nematodes were obtained from pea seedling shoots as from lucerne shoots. Infected tissues contained slightly more drv matter than non-infected tissues. Dry weight of al tissues increased with each succssive harvest and varied from 8.0 to 9-7'. Total nitrogen and total free and bound amino-acid contents of lucerne and pea tissues also increased with each successive harvest; the increases were much greater in infected than in non-infected tissues. Most free amino-acids in lucerne and pea shoots increased more rapidly in infected than in healthy tissues with successive harvests. In infected lucerne tissues, the amino-acids that increased most Significantly, based on the ratio of galled to healthy tissue, were arginine, asparagine, direonine and tryptophan; in pea, arginine, asparagine, serine and tr"ptophan increased most significantly. The galled to heaithv tissue ratio ef glutamic acid ci:urnt of both piant :.oecies was greatest at 7 dass. Thereafter. this amino-acid increassd more rapidly in non-infected than in infected tissl:es, although at 28 days the ratios were still greater than one. The pa;tcrns of bound anino-acids in infected 0707 GRIFFIN, G.D., 1966. "Effect of environment on association of Ditylenchus dipsaci to alfalfa." [Abstract./' Phytopathology, 56 (8), 879.
-,0708 SRIVASTAVA, UPADHYAY, K.D.; SINGII, G. Effect A.S.; of root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne Jyajia on gram crop. Indian Journal of Nematology (1974 publ. 1975) 4
(2) 248-251 [Enl Div. of Entomol., U.P. Inst. of Agric. Sciences, Kanpur, India.
A continuous reduction in length and
weight of roots and shoots of gram (Cicer arietinum) was obtained with an increa-in the level of inoculum of larvae of Meloidogyne lavanica from 10 to 10,000/500 g soil.--Towever, significant reduction compared with the uninoculated control was found only with 100 or more larvae/500 g soil. The maximum reduction was observed with the 10,000 larval inoculum.
0709-JOHNSON, P. W. & FU.SHTEY, S. G.,
1967. "The biology of the oat cyst nematode
Hererodera avenae in Canada. Ii. Nematode development and related anatomical changes in roots ofoats and corn." Nematologica, Year 1966, 12 (4), 630-636. (Gennan surzuiary p. 635.1 Studies on the development of Heterodera avenue and on related anatonsical changes within roots of Avena iatva and Zea rlays (variety Pride 5) showed that the latter is an unsuitable host for the development of H. avnae. Nematodes readily entered roots of both plants but their development in Z.
0711 -RAINA, R. 1966. "Longidorw reney sp.nov. (Nematoda: Longidorildac) from Srinagar, Kashmir." IndianJ. Ent., 28 (4), 438-4-11 Longidarus reneyii n.sp. is described from 5 female specimens taken from soil around roots ofZea mays. It is 2.1 to 2.6 mm. long, has a spear 50 to 58 Iz. long and a spear extension 30 to 36 tL long. The guiding ring is 21 head widths from the anterior
184
0712 -JENKINS, W. R. & MALEK, R. B., 1966. "Influence of nematodes on absorption and accumulation of nutrients in vetch." .Soil S., 101 (1), 46-49. Viicia villosa was grown in pots and inoculated with Meloidogyne hapla, Trichodorus chritiei, Criconemoides curvatum o- 'Zcutellonemabrachyurum. The tops of the plants wV: rropped and analysed for nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and sodium 30, 60 and '10 days after inoculation; the roots were analysed 90 days after inoculation. Changes in plant nutrients varied with the nematode
and with time. Al. hapla induced the greatest changzes in the roots and T. chrsitiei induced the greatest changes in the shoots. Nitrogen was the most seriously affected nutrient in the roots and potassium was the most seriously affected nutrient in the shoots. 0713 HAWN, E.J., 1965. "Influence of stem
nematode infestation on the development of
bacterial wilt in irrigated alfalfa."
[Abstract.] Nematologica, 11 (1), 39.
0714-CASTILLO,1. ,M.& ROHDE,R.A., 1965. injured by lesion "Biochemical changes inalfalfa nematodes." (Abstract.] Phytopathology, 55 127-128. (2), Roots of lucerne seedlings inoculated aseptically with Pratylenchus penetraru showed symptoms of browning and necrosis which could also be produced by pricking the root with a sterile needle; the addition of pectinol, emulsin and peroxidases to pricked areas intensified the browning. Diazotized
anterior annule of the lip region is wider than the posterior annule. C. imbricattm, female, from sandy soil dinominated by pjl3lris, has 70-72 annules, 8 E rows of atera lly contiguous semicircular scales and a stylet 67-80 microns long. The
lip region has a large saucer-shaped basal
annuls. Both species have a broadly conoid
tail, a spherical spermatheca and the vulva 8 annules from the tail terminus. Males were not found. C. alticolum is distin guished by its short spear . imbricatum is distinguished from C. paxiand C. soutberni in having more body annules, from octangulare iin its rounder tail termi nus, and from C. spinalineatum, C. zernovi
and C. australeFin the length of the stylet
and the shape of the scales in C. australe.
L., 1965. "Ditylenchus 0720 WAS1LEWSKA, medics inis ap.n., a new parasitic nematode fr. Poliand ( ematoda, Tylenchidae)." Bull. Acad. pol. Sci. Cl. II Ser. Set. blol., 13 (3), 167-170.
sulphanilic acid caused lesions to become intensely yeilow-brown. Crude extracts from homogenates of tesions, unaffected idiacent tissues and uninoculated
Ditylenchus medicaginis n.sp. , is de scribed and figured. The head is not annu lated, the lateral field has six incisures
root tssues were anaiyscd by piper chromatugraphlv.
and
A bright blue fluorescent rc..,:in (uzi .dientified
microns long. The basal oesophageal bulb is
phenolic compound) appeared from the exraEts of lesions and from oxidized uninoculated tissues,
distinctly offset and joins the intestine without any overlap. The female has a
0715 DROPKIN, V.11.,1965. "Polyploidy in
syncytia of hairy vetch induced by a
Meloidogyne species." [Abstract.] Nemato-
logica, 11 (1), 36.
0716 HOWELL, R.K. & KRUSBERG, L.R., 1965. "Etfect of Ditylenchus dscI on certain nitrogen compounds in alfalfa and pea. [Abstract.] Phytopathology, 55 (5),
504-505.
& E.D. DONNELLY, N.A., 0717 HINTON, SHEPHERD, R.L., 1965. "Reaction of species rootfive to vetch and breeding lines of [Abstract.] species." nematode 55 (5), knot Phytopsthology, 500.
the spear is well
developed, 8.2-8.8
post-vulval sac which reaches to about half
the vulva to anus distance but never
exceeds it; the tapering tail is 4-5 anal body-widths long and its terminus varies
from almost pointed to rounded. The bursa
of the male begins opposite the proximal
end of the spicules and extends to about
40% of the tail length. D. medicaginis is distinguished from D. dipsaci by the number
of lateral incisures and from D. destructor
r..-d D. mycellophagus in the greater value
.) the spear-length to head-width propor tr different structure of the basal oeaopnageal btilb, longer thinner tail,
shorter spicules and relatively shorter
bursa. From D. triformis it differs in the
lack of intersexes and longer post-vulval
sac. R. medicaginis was commonly found in
the leaves, stems and roots of idicago
sativa in Poland but neither D. psa_ nor
F. destructor was found.
0718 MYERS, R.F.,
FEDER, W.A. & HUTCHINS,
P.C 1965. "The rearing of Rad similis (Cobb) Thorne on grapefru t, akra, and alfalfa root callus tissues." Proc. helminth. Soc. Wash. 32 (1), 94-95.
Cultures of roots callus tissue developed
from lucerne seed were better for supportIng populations of Radopholus similis than were cultured callus,
of okra or grapeTrU't
0721CORBETT, D.C.M., 1965. "Nematodes as
plant parasites In Malawi." Nyasald Fmr Forester, 6(4), 21-27.
In this general article on nematodeR and
root
their control, Corbett records Vtat is known of plant-parasitic nematodes in Malawi and the damage they cause. Records made since an earlier list was published
[see Helm. Abs., 34, No. 2503] Include the follcwing new hosts: Meloidogyne arenaria
q: Bidens pilosa; Aphelenchoides ritzema osi causing an angular leafspot on Salvia sp. and S. spi.nens; Agtna n.sp. "To be named "ana--d--c'rTbed'--ers- ere] causing a witches' broom of the inflores cence of Hlyparrhenia spp.
0719 COLBRAN, R.C., 1965. "Studies of plant and soil nematodes. 8. Two new species of
Criconema (Nematoda: Criconematidae) from
(eensland." Qd F. Ag.lc. anim. Sci., 22 (1), 83-87. Criconem .iticolum n.sp. and C. imbricaturt n.sp. are described and figurei.
Specimens were obtained by sorting screenings left )n 300 mesh sieve as practically none passed through modified Baermann funnels. C. alticolum, female, in 2 locali ties
fro-
SO1
aEout
the
roots
of
Themeda
0722
JTlUEfrvT. G; ALPAT., The damt,.
scales and a stylet 51-61 microns long. The
N. M.. s[NoL.
V. N.; MAtKHARttlnlVlu
onlicrre.) ZushchitUN tendef Vxrdtla [Patowipddi, ofJlifetemdetm ZA iiznd(1974,"9,IIaI Ru
australis in Queensland, has 98 annules, 16 rows of laterally contiguous semicircular
185
done b) haqoy Heremdent infecton Io lhme in nonher
identfi, been
usaUSSR. isdecribed Theretodelsries hsnot so(rt
0723-GRANDISON, G. S., 1965. "The stem
nematode (Dirylenchus dipsaci) in clovers in
New Zealand. (A note)." A'.Z. J1 agric. Rej.,
8 (4), IO90-1091.
Dit','JnJ.u' dip.aci is rr,.ordcd from both red and
%shit clover in New Zea!and. The race infecting
red cloer sometimes causes serious daiage to the
host plant. The incidence of the white clover race
is verv limited; no significant damage to this crop
has been detected.
0724NORTON, D.C., 1965. "Xiphinema
americanum populations and alfalfa yields
ase0_W~ bylml
send tratentprysg
affectedie-s as -affected by soil treatment, spraying,
and cutting." Phytopathology, 55 (6),
615-619.
XIphi americanum is commonly asso ciated with poor growth of lucerne and red
clover in Iowa. In fields known to be
Infested with it, plants sprayed with
manganese dithiocarbamate fungicide (maneb)
grew a better crop of lucerne than
unsprayed plants, due to control of leaf
disease and leafboppers, and also had
significantly greater numbers of Xiphema
associated with them; this difference n
nematode density persisted in spite of
over-all seasonal fluctuations. Soil fumi-
gation with DBCP alone increased lucerne
yields to a lesser extent than did maneb alone, but gave good control of soil nema-
todes, especially X. americanum. The
effects of DBCP and maneb on yield were additive. Plant grown in the glasshouse in
soil artificially infested with X.
americanum had lower dry weights than d'd plants grown in uninfested soil. The nema-
tode Increased less rapidly in steam-
sterilized soil t',anin unsterilized soil.
0725GOOD, J.M., MINTON, N.A. & JAWORSKI L.A., 1965. "Relative susceptibility selected cover crops and coastal bermuda-
grass to plant nematodes." Phytopathology,
55 (9), 1026-1030.
Field and glass-housetrials indicated
that beggarweed (Desmodium tortuosum) coastal and bermudagra (To---='yt 71n) coasle dat-orass 1nen a In, diminished root-knot but !ncreasaeKdiir undesirable nematodes and .hat Crotalaria spectabilis decreased the drnsity of rootknot and other nematodt. but increased numbe~ rs c sf and maySevera numbers of Pratylenchus and may be poisonous to stock. ,cbyurus South American
mangolas (Ta t minuta) gave the most
promising results, decreasing numbers of.
most Meioidogne app. (except M.rcodorus, . arenar-hapla and
a'and Belooau, .renarsandeonolaimus
rich
frat-ylenchus and Xiphinema spp.
~
~
~
field often incisures.
with
about
8
longitudinal
0727 ENNIK, G.C., KORT, 3., & BUND, C.F. v.d., 1965. "The clover cyst nematode (Heterodera trifolii Goffart) as the probable cause of death of white clover in a ward." F. Br. Grasald Soc., 20 (4), 258-262. Necrotic centres of otherwise healthy patches of white clover in 2 lawns on sandy soil were attributed to parasitism by Heterodera trifolli. The distribution of the other nematodes, Collembola and mites was not correlated with the characteristic
pattern of the damaged clover.
0726HANNA, M.R. & HAWN,E.J., 1965. "Seed ling inoculation studies with the alfalfa stem nematode." Can. J. P1. Sci., 45 (4), 357-363. Details are given of laboratory tests
done to assess the importance of variety,
age of seedling, inoculum concentration,
inoculum carrier and light on the degree of infestation of lucerne by Ditylenchus di saci in a screening programme. Nematode inoculation was moat effective with seed lings up to 9 days old in which the
unifoliate leaf had not appeared. Fewer nematodes infected the resistant variety
(Lahontan) than the susceptible variety
(Grimm). Neither light treatments nor
inoculum carrier affected the number of
nematodes entering shoot apices which were
more readily infected than the cotyledon. However, in the case of the cotyledon,
carboxymethyl cellulose carrier gave higher
infestations than a water inoculum provided
the seedlings were exposed to alternate
light and dark treatments. There was little
cotyledon infection when seedlings were
kept in darkness because the stomata, which
the authors presume are the means of enter-
Ing the plants, are closed.
O729MINTON, N.A.,
DONNELLY, E.D. & 70HNO, NA, DNEL, SHEPHERD, R.L., 1966. "Reaction of ED variet ies and breeding lines of Sericea lea edEa
to five root knot nematode spe
Phytopathology, 56 (2), 180-182.
Peytoal 56 (2),lines 180-182.
l breeding of Le e e a
cuneata were highly resistant to one or
more "of the following: Meloidogyne incognita ncgnita, M. incognta acrits j 7 was resstant
3. f -onep he lines was highly resistant 3Noe telnswshgyrssat to M. arenaria or H. javanica but individ ual -pl ratings -uggested-some segrega tion for resistance in a number of lines.
More of the sericea lines were resistant to
M. ha 1a than to the other species.
enera y-,these lines reacted similarly to
inconita inc gnita and M. incognita
-.-w t t Tobrmer.
A.M. & IRCeFIELD, (GOLDEN,W., 1965. graminicola (Heteroderidae).
of root-knot nematode from
grass." Proc. helminth. Soc. Wash., 32 (2).
228-231.
Neloidogyne graminicola n.sp. is describ ed from the roots of the grass Echinochloa -.11730 KIMPINSKI, J. Population dynamics of colonum at Baton Rouge, Louisiana. It Pratylenchus pean in red clover. diers from the most closely related [AbstrctJournalT Nematology (1975) 7 species, N. hapla, in its perineal pattern, (4) 325 [EnI Res. Station, Agric. Canada, which is "described as somewhat egg-shaped P.O. Box 1210, Charlottetown, Prince Edward the smaller stylet (10.64-11.2 microns) and Island, Canada, C1A 7N8.
the shorter distance from stylet base to
dorsal oesophageal gland duct orifice
(2.8-3.9 microns) in the female, and in the
0731 MONTEIRO, A.R., 1963. "Ocorrencia de male having a partially areolated lateral 186 Criconemoidea ornatum no Brasil (Nemata:
"eloidogyne
new
species
Criconematidae)." Revta Agric., S. Paulo 38
(1), 21-22. lEnglish summary p.22.1
Criconemoides ornatum, from the roots of rylechus infeste-d-with maize brachyurus, is reported from 2 distr1itsof
o,Brazil. 0732LOWNSBERY, B.F. & MITCHELL, J.T.,
1965. "Some effects of chemical amendments
cultural conditions on population
and levels of Xi hinema americanum." P1. Dis. Reptr, 49 (12), 994-998.
6 of 8 fertilizer or insecticide treatments used in soil culture of lucerne were not toxic to Xiphjj7a americanum parasit izing this plant. Most of these materials were harmful to the nematode in vitro. X.
americanum reached greater numbers in a ground bed than it reached concurrently in 15 cm. clay pots in a temperature control box. Fluctuation in soil -,oisture, believed
to be inimical to this nematode, was less pronounced in the ground bed than in the clay pots.
&
DONNELLY, E.D. N.A., 0733 MINTON, SHEPHERD, R.L., 1966. "Reaction of Vicia
faba and F5 hybrids from V. sativa x V.
ag-ustifolia to five root-kno-t nematode
species." Phytopathology, 56 (1), 102-107.
Green-house pathogenicity tests indicated
that in the interspecific cross the female
parent, Alabama 1894, was highly resistant
and the male parent, P.l. 121275, was
eloidogyne incognita, M.
susceptible to 28 F
incognita acrita, and M. laaica. o e inter-
lines"oVrcia sativa type specific cross were "lghly resistant to the
3 nematodes, as was Warrior (V. sativa).
a),-hairy vetch
Auburn woolypod (V. vetch (V. bigfower (V. villosa), and 8 F5 lines of the V. an ust-Tolia, type from the interspecifTc
a tsifol cross ranged from slightly resistant to
highly susceptible to the 3 nematodes.
Resistance to M. arenaria and H. hapla was
low in all plants tested; however, there
were indications that P.I. 121275, "wild"
Warrior, bigflower
narrow-leaved vetch, V. V.
sativa and vetch, and several l typseer F 1estl___al sndr-
eutch, lines were all segre-
type F gatngstforia geting for-resistan~e. Penetration studies
indicated that fewer larvae of H. inDsIi2
acrita entered roots of Warrior, aresis-O
tant variet), than entered roots of Auburn
woolypod, a susceptible variety. Histo-
pathological studies further indicated that
nematode development was greatly retarded
de eoet lack ofrot retied inariod in Warrior becauseof lack of root tissue response necessary for normal nematode development.
spring betore maize was planted and the other in the latesummer or autumn related to the growth of maize. Only Prarylenchusspp. appeared to feed endoparasitically in maize roots. 0735-FUSHTEY, S. G., 1965.
"The oat cyst
nematode, .Haerodera avenar Wollenweber, on corn, Zea mavs, in Ontario." Can. P1. Dis. Surv., 45 (4), 105-106. Observations on field material and results of laboratory experiments indicate that Hcerodrra avenat invades roots of maize and is capable of causing appreciable damage to this crop in the province of Ontario. 0736-SEINHORST,J.W. & SEN, A. K., 1966. "The population density of Hetcrodera tnfolih in pastures in the Netherlands and its importance for the growth of white clover." %eth. J. P1. Pith., 72(3), 169-183. [Dutch summa-y p. 182.] In a pot experiment the tolerance limit of white clover seedling, toHeterodera trifoli was 50 e.p.g. of soil. In other pot experiments H. trifolii in creased to about 1,400 e.p.g. of soil without apparent damage to the growth of white clover. White clover maintained a relative density of almost 200'0in a mixture with Lolium perenne at a density of H. trifoldi of 80 to 200 e.p.g. of soil. Densities of this nematode in 216 samples from 74 pastures were mostly below one e.p.g. of soil and only very seldom higher than 32 e.p.g. There was a slightly high-r frequency of densities over 32 e.p.g. in samples from places with a good stand of white clover than from those with a poor stand. The differences between samples from pastures with good and poor stands and between samples from
places with and without clover were very small.
The frequen-y distribution of cysts and eggs in
samples from a 4-year-old pasture with a very
good stand of white clover was the same as that in the samples from allother pastures. Itistherefore concluded that the influence of attack by H. trfoli on the stand of the white clover in the sampled pastures was negligible.
0737MIJLLINS, D.E. Ring nematode injury to
control.
centipt,. grass lawns and possible llorticul Proceedi ,,s of the Florida State 1974) 86,
(1973 publ. tural So.ety [EnJ IFAS Florida Cooperative
438-439. Extet.9ion Service, Pensacola, Florida, USA.
Of 112 soil samples taken from centipede
lawns in
grass [Eremochloa ophiuroides] the 3
Escambia County, FloiUSdring 96 contained
from April 1970, years moderate to very high nematode populations.
In all but 6, ring nematodes [Criconemoides
sp.1 were dominant. A golf green-type
nematicide injector has been modified for
the application of DBCP to home lawns.
Judging by the turf response, treatment by
this method with 3 gal/acre of 86% DBCP
gives better results than the conventional
drenching method.
0734-CASTANER, D., 1963. "Nemitod' poplations in corn plots receiving differcnt soil
Proc. Iowa Acad. Sci., 70, amendments." 107-113. *0738REDDY, D.D.R. Pathogenicity and con The size of the nematode population in Za nays trol of root-knot nematodes (eloidogn
sup-
plots receiving manure, lime or a fertilizer app.) infecting chick pea. MysoreJora
plying N-P-K was compared with that in maize
of Agricultural Sciences (1975) 9 (3)
plots not so treated. Greatest numbers of Prary-
434-439 [Enl Univ. of Agric. Sci., Hebbal,
lenchut spp. were found in N-P-K-fertilized and Bangalore 560024, India.
manured plots, of Helicotylenchut rmicrolobuS in In glasshouse experiments Cicer arietinum
plots inwhich no N-P-K had been applied and of var. Annegeri-1, inoculated wit
Xiphinema arnericanum in limed plots. St sonal 10,000 Melodoyne inqcoi/plant, exhib population patterns forthe 3 nematodes appeared ited mrRked~yreduced growth, drying and 187 to be characterized by 2 peaks, one in the early
shedding of leaflets and poor pod formation
compared with plants inoculated with 0, 10 or 100 H. ioita. In outdoor plots
infested with dogrne spp., D-D, DBCP,
delo
fensulphothion, aldcar, and methomyl at,
respectively, 75 1, 15 1, 10 kg, 4 kg and 8
kg a.i./hectare gave good control and
increased yields by 15 (methomyl) to 37% (fensulphothion).
0739-NIGH, Jr., E. L., 1966. "Rhizobi, n nodule formation on alfalfa as influenced by Aleloidogyne javanica." [Abstract.] Nematologica, 12 (1), 96.
0742CHAPMAN, R.A., 1964. "Effect of clover cyst nematode on gr_..h of red and white clovers." Phytopathology, 51 (4), 117-118.
In a series of green-house pot experi ments, the growth of red clover Trifolium
pretense varied inversely with the number
of eter odera trifolii present and with the
length of time n infested soil. The nema todes reproduced well on red clover reach ing the population "ceiling level" in 129 days. Similar results were obtained with
Ladino and white clover (T. repens) except that whereas virtually alI the red clover had died after 265 days, the Ladino and white clovers were still growing, although
significantly less well than the controls.
0740-SHER, S. A., 1966. "Revision of the
Although Hl. trifolil initially reproduces Hoplolaiminae (Nematoda). VI. Helicotylench:v
well on redEIr it cannot maintain
Steiner, 1945)." Nerpiatohy 1-56.
itself on the host over a long period of 5 ica, 12 (1), [French summary p. 55.]
time because of the severe injury it
Helicotylenchux dityrera, H. inulticicfis, 11. try-
causes. The rate of development of injury thrinae, H. psesdorobuatu., 1H.afircanus, H. platyurui,
on T. repens is somewhat slower and the H. digo:icus, H. canadrists, 1t. co,:aus, H. jerc, nematode can maintain itself for a longer H. indicut, H. tuniicnrsis, 11. rczinms, 1H. digoru, period. H. acgyp:ienis, 1. vuLgaris, 11. paxilli and 1. v,ari caudatus are redescribed. 10 new'synonyms are
0743 DICKERSON, O.J., DARLING, H.M. & propo-ed. The following new species are described
GRIFFIN, G.D., 1964. "Pathogenicity and and figured: 1t. lobes n.sp. from soil around roots
population trends of Pra t lenchus of l"Vratrun calfornicwum and Pious ponderoa in
p t1as on potato and corn." Phytopathol California; H. crcnacauda n.sp. from soil around
ogy, 5V73), 317-322. roots of Oryza sativa in Indonesia; 11. lungi-
This is an illustrated account of the caudatss n.sp. from soil around roots of Jmperata
pathogencity and population trends of cylisndrica and Sporobolus pyismnidatus in Nigeria;
Pratylenchus spp. on potato and maize. A H. tnicrocepatss n.sp. front soil around the roots survey showed that P. penetrans and P. of Elaciguineenis in Nigeria; 11. canabs n.sp. from
crenatus were common in potato fields Tn jungle soil in Ceylon; 11. ciocephalin n.sp. from
Wisconsin, U.S .A., but only P. penerans soil around unknown grass in South Dakota;
was associated with reduced yields. Neither 1i. rotundicavda n.sp. from soil around the roots
soil type nor potato variety influenced of Cynodon dactylo~t in California; 1H. cavenexs
population densities of P. penetras. In n.sp. soil from around roots of Alni'hott itnihisinta
mixed populations, one !Sawa~ s d nant in Nigeria; 1. carohniensis n.sp. from swamp
and large populations of P. crenatus soil in South Carolina; H. mnarzini n.sp. from
occu:red In only sandy soils. fligh-popul soil arond the roots of Thea sinentji in Southern
tions of P. penetrans in the field were
Rtodesia; I. exallho n.sp. from Tritzrusm ae~ttz'nmt
characterized by circular areas (30 to 150
soil in South Dakota; H. hydrophilis n.sp. from
ft. in diameter) of stunted ye'low plants.
swamnp soil in As penetrans the season increased swromp soil progressed the population of
ind South rtsCarolina;
of la H. H. rahifornisn.s. c rnitra in. P. in the potato roots front soil around roots of Tappiarx pentsandra ________ California; 1H. nitecricnsis n.sp. from hush soil
of tubers and in the soil, but the popula in Nigcria; fron virgin
tios fell forest in the winter. soil in 11. N>dohchodor,',horito P. "ia; 11. ahdtcuc n.sp. n.sp. from soil
entered and fed in the roots,'rhizomes an foressolind thr ' xs.iia; a~ithcus
1 p. t. m sil tubers, but the rhizomes were not so arountd the rot sp. in California; oSalix 1. intOzi severely attacked as the roots and nema n.sp. so, iiifroto the roots of Citrus sp. in
todes were not found reproducing in tubers.
Israel; H. in n.s,. from soil arsottnd tle roots
Only cortical tissues were affected. The
of Cedrits sp. in Lltah; H1. Isi' cinu.' n.sp. from
population of P. penetrans increased faster
soil in uncultivated woods in Vircinia; H. clarkei
on maize than on potatoes. The greatest
n.sp. from uncultivated soil iround the roots of
population Increase was at 16*C. on pota P,'nus ccntbroides and I'jnno sp. in New Mexico.
toes and at 24tC. on maize. The length of H. stcueri, H. Pcoformis and 11. imttcrmedits are
maize roots, stalk height and stalk diame excluded fmom the genus 11chcortync,':t. A key
ter were reduced by P. penetrans. to the speces is given.
0741 GRIFFIN, G.D., 1964. "Association of nematodes with corn in Wisconsin." Plant
Disease Reporter, 48 (6), 458-459.
in a survey of the chief maize-growing
areas of Wisconsin, U.S.A., 13 species in 6
genera of plant-parasitic nematodes were
found. The commonest were elicotylenchus
, lenchorhynchus maxu and
americanum. Ingreenhouse experi-
ments the first 2 caused reduction in
height and dry weight of maize plants,
Fumigation of field plots of a black prairie loam Infested with X. americanum and H. dRg4cus with 25 or-40 gal. per acre of dihloropropene gave 76% or 88% control, respectively, but no increase in
yield of silage or shelled maize. 188
0744 NIGH. Jr., E.L., 1964. 'The influence of host nutrition on the development of Xphinema americanum." Dissertation
Abstracts, 24 (11), 4340-4341.
The influence of host nutrition on the development of Xlphlnema americanum wias
Investigated by culturing the nematode on
lucerne plants ( i sativa var. Haps)
in sand containin ations of minerals
in loagland's nutrient solution. After 30
days' incubation, adult populations from
complete and nitrogen-deficient treatments
were significantly greater than those defi cient fitother minerals. When K, Hg, or Fe
were eliminated from the host's nutrition a
greater number of adults were found than when P or Ca were eliminated. The nutri tional adjustment of the lucerne host did
0749-PRASKI, D. J., PRASAD, S. K. &
SWARUP, G., 1964. "Telorylenchus hotsei, a
new nemaode species from Mysore State,
Nemaco India (Tylenchidae: Nemanda)." logico, 10 (1), 83-86. (German summary p.86.]
T7ehoylenchus hotisei n.sp. from about the roots of
sorghum and maize at the Government Agri cultural Farefi, Dhadesugar Village, Mysore State,
India, is described and figured. It differs from the
other 2 species in the genus in that the lip region is
not set off, in being generally larger and in having a
rounded cylindrical tail.
not produce changes in the size of the ectoparasitic nematode. Significant differ-
ences among treatments were not observed in
the lengths of adult females. Only 3 males were found during the entire investigation.
9 times normal concentration of floagland's solution appeared toxic, since reproduction
was limited and the population declined; there were no differences between the
complete or mineral-deficient treatments,
Optimum pH range was between 5.6 and 7.4;
above or below this optimum oviposition
ceased and the population was significantly
reduced.
I. E., !964. "Effect of and Fuoarbo o'ysporuyn upon Trichoderina iride o g y , 54 (8 ), 8 92. p a t by h olPraiylichuspnetirans." Phbto roots bstra ct of.)alfalfa ingtess
0750-EDMUNDS, 0745-GOSTICK, K. G., 19o3. "Effect of of[A
f m g t o of b o i e funigition m e h l bromide t pae re on-n methyl
temperature lucerne seed for control ot stem eelworm."
Plant Pathology, London. 12 (2), 02-64.
Ditylenciha dipsaci can be transmitted on lucerne
seed or, more often, in plant debris mLxed with
the seed. Gostick carried out an experiment to
find a range of concentratio-i-time products for
methyl bromide which would kill the nematodes
in the plant debris but not atfect the gertruniation
More Praryrnchi peretras entered the roots of 3-day-old lucerne seedlings previously trcaied with various concentrations of Trichodernia viridc,
or with higherconcentrations ofwFarioioaysporum,
than entered the roots of control plants or those
treated with low levels of F. oxyyporum. The
results suggest that ingress of P. penetrans into
lurerne roots ran he influcnced by fungi pathogenic and tion-pacthgenic to plants.
of treated seed, and which could be suggested for
commercial fumigAtion. Lucerne seed and chopped,
dried lucerne plants ("artificial debris") were
fumigated at 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30'C. using a
constant concentratoni of fumigant but varying
the time of exposure between 15 and 30 hours.
After treatment, the samples of plant material
were placed in a Baermann funnel and the nema-
codes extracted; none was recovered fron the
fumigated samples but up to 1,680 were ext:acted
from controls. There was no significant difference
in germination between control and treated seed,
and the author, therefore, suggests zoncenpatat-
dime products in the followving range would be
suitable: 1200 mg. hr. per litre up to 20 C., reducing
to 1000 mg. hr. per litre at 25 C. and 750 mg.
hr. per litre at 30'C.
0751-RIFFLE,J. W., 1964. "Rout-knotnematode
on A-frican Bermuda grass in New Mexico."
Plant Disease Reporter, 18(12), 96--965.
Riffle reports A teloidoqyne on Cynodon transvaaek'sia
at Albuquerque, New Mexico. In July, 1963,
egg masses, larvae, males ard females were found in
hloroic and
areas were the grass was thin, dying out in places. The nature of the perineal
patterns of mature females suggst i that the species
frg,argea. mtr. is
0752BIRCHFIELD, W., 1964. "Illistopathology of nematode-induced galls of Echinochloa
[Abstract.] PhytopatFhoogy, 54
colonum." (8),-888.
Larvae of what appears to be a new ape this
cies of Miloldogyne [not named in abstract! were found feeding on the phloem
parenchyma of barnyard grass, Echinochloa
colonum. Each nematode produc oneto
several syneytia. Nuclei from host cells of and the maintained
nematode
dissolving syneytia, aggregated Inin theadvance their nuclear membranes intact. Nuclei and
0746-NIELSEN, A. F._ 1964. "Oin spredning
at staengrl51 (Dttvlenchus dipsoci Kuhn) med
luccrnefro." Tidsskrift for Plantear'l, 68
(3;,530-536. [English sumrnary p. 535.]
Dissemination of Dir.vlencrhss dipsaci with lucerne
seed was investigated inDenmark. In 7 of 56 .eed
samples, stem nematodes were found in very small
numbers. The importance of careful cleaning
of the seed to reduce the risk of attack is stressed,
J747-,IJALEK, R. B. & JENKINS, W. R., 1964.
"The effect of four species of plant parasitic
nematodeson hairy vetch." (Abstract.] Phyto-
pathology, 54 (7), 747.
The authors present data.on fresh weights of tops
and roots of hairy vetch and on the increase in
nematode populations, 3 months after inoculation
of plants separately with Trihodorus chrtenei,
Criconemoidet curvaititn, Ateloid.yne tncogn.a
acrita and Af. hapla.
nucleoli became enlarged and older syneytia
became necrotic. Extensive hypertrophy and
hyperplasia occurred in the cortical paren chyma in which eggs were deposited. Several
grasses and oats were good hosts in green house tests but cotton, pepper (California Wonder), water-melon, corn and tomato were non-hosts.
* 0753 Su1o,N.D. roots
pea. Tnjnca) A
e. solm panetrolo. lto icuhua (1975) 32 (4) 369.373
Un. of Wa India. StAuustirTiWad I-* lDeP. OCrop Sci.. Intahouio tat. thefoliae oftomto, telltueor piltepa (itimber ri*n)
and24 hourn ppm withojuamyat 600,1.250.2 0 or 5.000 was sprayed anI~dlp inorinwi
withMeJnodoqte into afit soil infted w trnplanted r k-ec the Medin raiiods, the lowest dose wao Two days transplanting or Rooeyiwu/w
07418'-KI-IAN, E. & BASIR, .Mt.A., 1964. "Bole-
odoru inpar n.sp. (Nematoda: Tylenh'ida' from tlelminthological of the (2),187-190. India." Proceedings
Society of Washington,31
of M aoopira intotomto; inhibited penerrution to of amoatode into kttucc was inhibitad Z 4 and daysaftn pctratie AR. taifm t"nplanting b7 25. 600and600ppm.mpectively. Fenartio of 2.4 and5 d iler reduced. nto pigt patwas uinifantly
Societ & asidgonoud (2a, 1ig-ificantly
Tleodore describe and figure E. Khan & Blasir tnipar n.sp. from around grass roots (Cvnod,n dcylon) at Simla, India. It differs from all other
In a field tustlinTIidad,1 and1,20 ppon.respectinely. of 2.0, 2.500 domes
shape
the and irregular the genus by known bulb the longer of the species terminalinocsophagl tail.
Eflsl of Oamyt spptes
ad plat am no , uttaic
189
daysafter It. 25 and35sinlficattly
iven of oxainyl1 fous,aplicatus dippingin 1.250 1.250ppm ppm before tranaplmnting. trmptanting. followin of U mccr-nia andPrlochs lor' teoervedfromtomato thenumber reduced roots
0754RADEWALD,
J.D., PAULUS, A.O. &
HOFFMAN, E.C., 1964. "Effect of preplant
soil fumigation on stubby-root nematode
control on alfalfa in southern California."
[Abstract.1 Phytopathology, 34 (2), 1436.
Yields of lucerne were greatly increased
after pre-planting fumigation of the soil
with methyl bromide-chloropicrin mixtures
or Telone, due to the satisfactory control
of Trichodorus christiei and Pratylenchus
scribneri.
0755FIDDIAN, W.E.H. & ALDRICH, D.T.A., 19bh. "The susceptibility of red clover varieties to clover stem eelworm." Plant Pathology. London, 13 (4), 139-143. The susceptibility of 21 varieties of reu clover to Ditvlenchus dipsaci was assessed
in field and glasshouse trials. In the
field, small plots were sown in a random-
ized block layout in infested soil; assess-
ment was made of ground cover at intervals
after sowing and dry matter yield was
determined from cuts taken when 25% of the
heads were flowering. In the glasshouse,
the clover varieties were sown in pots and
as soon as the cotyledons were unfolded a
drop of nematode suspension, about 25 nema-
todes, was placed at their junction;
susceptibility was then assessed from
symptoms, such as swelling and stunting,
which appeared from about the sixth day
after germination. Percentage ground cover
and dry matter yield, obtained from fields
tests, were good measures of resistance and
correlated well with glasshouse suscepti-
bility tests. More than half the varieties
tested were highly susceptible to stem
eelworm, but 2 doublecut varieties showed a
high degree of resistance and 9 of the
singlecut and late-flowering varieties
showed moderate to good resistance.
0757AYAIA, A., 1962. "Parasitism of bacte rial nodules by the reniform nematode."
Journal of Agriculture of the University of
Puerto Rico, 46 (1), 67-69.
The attachment of mature specimens of
female Rotylenchulus reniformis to the bac terial nodules of pigeon pea roots (Cajanus
indicus) is recorded and illustrated.
0758KHERA, S. & ZUCKERIAN, B.M., 1962.
"Studies on the culturing of certain ecto parasitic nematodes on plant callus
tissue." Nematologica, 8 (4), 272-274. [French summary p.274.1
Tylenchus agricola and Tlenchorhynchus
c reproduced rapidly on lucerne
callus tissue grown under aseptic condi tions at 23*C. on nutrient medium. They did
not reproduce on callus tissue of tomato,
broccoli, carrot, cabbage or rye. The
following nematodes failed to reproduce on
callus tissue: Hennicycliophora surilis,
Tylenchus christiei, et ncUs ct,
lelicotylenc erhrinae, and tylc us
dec natus.
0756 FISHER, J.N., 1965. "Telotylenchus
whitei n.sp. from S. Australia nit
0759WINCHESTER, J.A., 1963. "The effect of
Pangolagrass, Digitaria decumbens Stent, on
the cotton root- notnema-FodeMeloidogyne
inconita acrita Chitwood." Dissertation
Abstracts, 23 -10), 3586-3587.
In pot tests, Pangolagrass (Digia
decumbens) was more effective than cREan
fallow or flooding in reducing a population
of Meloidogyne incognita var. acrita.
Coastal Bermudagrass reduced the population
to a low level but certain other grasses,
sedge, white clover and okra maintained
large populations. Extracts of older roots
of Pangolagrass were toxic to M. incognita
var. acrita in laboratory tests; extracts
of younger roots Increased larval emergence
from the egg-shell. In field tests in
Floridi, U.S.A., Pangolagrass was as effec tive as clean follow in reducing the nema tode population; Coastal Bermudagrass was
slightly less effective and native weeds
obs-ervations on Telotylenchus hastulatus
(Colbran 1960) n.comb. Nematologica, Year
1964, 10 (4), 563-569. [German summary
p.568.1
[unnamed] had no effect. Populations of
Belonolaimus 1ongicaudatus increased in the
presence of both Pangolagrass and Coastal
Bermudagrass under field conditions.
Telotylenchus whitei n.sp., female and
mae sscrbed from about the roots of
Acacia armata at Kangaroo Island, South Tui'tralia. TY-differs from other species of
Telotylenchus in having a lip cap and a
s tyle r 57-72 mic ron s long . To a cc ommo da te T. whitei, the generic diagnosis of
Telot-y-f-n-chus is emended to include a
style of variable length and a lip region
with or without a lip cap. The head
characters of Belonolaimus Steiner, 1949,
as described by other authors are discussed
and it appears that this genus has a lip
cap with sixdivied lips ito and our obe that the head is
by eepgrooes, divided into four lobes by deep grooves,
Other characters of Belonolaimus are the
presence of titillae on the gubernaculum,
female tail at least 3 times the anal-body-
width long, and lateral demarcated by bya
sigeline a malefield cloaca surrounded single land
cuticularized plates. T. hastulatus n.comb.
for Belonolaimus hastulatus Colbran, 1960,
is redescribed and figured; it is trans ferred to TelotyleChus because it lacks a lip cap and the above listed characters of 90 Belonolaimus. Belnolims. 190
0760 KILPATRICK, R.A., CHEN, T., RICH, A.E., & RODRIGUES, L., 1963. "Root symptoms and anatomical changes in clovers and let tuce resulting from injury by Pratylenchus t c mNans e u t and n r m i j r y P a y e c u
Emn 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic
aid." [Abstract.1 Phytopathology, 53 (3),
349.
Seeds of Trifolium angustifolium, T.
ree and Lactucasativa were sterilized
for minutecsin i ecury bichloride,
germinated and transferred to modified
agar. If Pratylenchus penetrans or 2,4D
a added dded on tlens were da the see or d the same day seedlings were severely stunted and died early. If 48 hours elapsed before inoculation less
svr
edig
ijr
a bevd severe seedling injury was observed.
Sectioning staining of of the roots the epidermis
showedand injured
hypertrophy cortex followed by total breakdown of
the tissues.
0761 SMo N D. Ausunin,P
laflo ofommyl oftile o A4J4f@n*
Truidd wat Inws(1975) 5 (2 29 [En) Unv. o the Weslnda. St. Nmefrop=
I
In
,tehousc: peomnatounlot folar opphctmoa
agilwymihbLed pmntioi
ol ota)' atW00 ppm
of ,,oa of tomattoand lottiot, seedlat
b)
r mt~i~oi into pisconpot Mrlkillynegnia. Penetrton of Rotyknhcuaeim saodIS wi iWhrblted b) 2500ppm In a field tna.
.otar 3 apphritioniof 0o)l &t 1250 pto ,ptftioctntlyreductd thee numbers of M mao'mta s&dPly)kchlus (. Pnltv y.=Aw z
density, when plant growth was still vigorous, with few new eggs being produced above an initial density of 400 e.p.g.
egg
subscqruentt rovrred from torato roou
0762MILLER, R.E., BOOTIIROYD, C.W. & HAl, W.F., 1963. "Relationship of Pratylenchus ntan to roots of corn in New Yor
hytopathology, 53 (3), 313-315.
A brief outline is given of the relation-
ship between Pratylenchus p a in the
soil and in t roots ot maizel. oot and
rhizosphere soil samples were taken at
fortnightly intervals throughout the grow-
ing season. The amount of root rot in the
field was directly correlated with the
number of P. peneIntrans obtained from the
roots and Trom the soil. P. crenatus was
found in small numbers at one location. The
numbers of Pratylenchus spp. were higher
than those of named genera. 2 popu-
lation peaks of Pratylenchus occurred, the
first in early July and the second late in
August. There was an inverse correlation
between the number of Pratylenchus adults
in the roots and the number in thiesoil.
0763CAPMAN, R.A., 1963. "Development of Meloidogyne hapla and H. incnita in alfalfa." Phytopathology, 53 (9), 10031005. Top growth of lucerne was reduced significantly by neloido hapla but not by M. incognita. lngt e top growth limit~jd
the number of nematodes because cutting
virtually stopped root growth. Total top
growth weight was greater in plants cut at
4-week intervals than in those which were
uncut. Effects of M. hapla and cutting on
top growth were about equal in amount and
opposite in effect. Root weight was not
altered significantly by either of the 2
species. M. hapla caused more galling than
did H. incognita, especially in cut planti.
0764HAWN, E.J., 1963. "Transmission of
bacterial wilt of alfalfa by Dit lenchus
disacI (Kuhn)." Nematoloica, 9 (),
-6. (German swmtary p.67.c
Ditylenchus dipsaci transmitted
Corebacter um insidIisu into crown buds
of lucerne resulting in an increased
bacterial wilt in the wilt-susceptible
variety "Grimm." Observations indicate that
C. Insidiosum is carried on, rather than within, the nematode.
0765 MORIARTY, F., 1963. "A population experiment with Heterodera eiithot, Lieb. and a relatv fcent broad bean." Nematologica, 9 (1), 152-156. [German siumary p.156.1 A linear regression of yield on the
logarithm of the initial egg density of
eterodera tinana was obtained for
Vicia faba grown n 24 garden plots of
sand-y clay loam. Plant growth was measured
by the yield of pods and beans and the
initial and final eelworm densities were
determined by cyst and egg counts from
samples taken before and after the experi ment. V. faba is shown to be a poor host of H.- 92!!Et=n~ana, being able to support a low population of this eelworm. It is suggested that maximum production of new eggs occurred at an intermediate initial 191
0766TOBAR JIMENEZ, A., 1962. "La Hetero dera goettinglna Liebscher, 1892, par-Esto de las habas (Vicia faba) granadinas." Revista Ibrica d astoogfa 22 (3/4), 323-328. [English stmary p.327. Heterodera goettingiana was the predomi nant nematode Tound in soil and root sampies of Vicia faba in Granada, Spain. Helicotylenchus, M-lidogyne, Pratylenchus, and 1Tyenchorhynchus larvae were also found; P. neglectus and T. parvus caused damage. ourred in high rnumbers inside the roots than in the surrounding soil. Great emphasis is laid on the potentiality of Meloidogyne sp. as a pest.
0767TOLER, R.W., THOMPSON, S.S. & BARBER,
J.M., 1963. "Cowpea (southern pea) diseases
in Georgia, 1961-1962."t Plant Disease
Reporter, 47 (8), 746-747.
Meloidogyne arenaria, M. hapla, M.
ingpta, M. I! 2 ita var. acrTt and R.
1avanzca were found on cowpea.
0768 GRANDISON G.S 1963. "The clover cyst nematode (Heterodera trifolii Goffart) in New Zealand. (A noteTrn Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research, 6 (5), 460-462.
The occurrence of Heterodera trifolii on
Trifolium re ens in New Zealan i the
iat ecord-this nematode for the
Southetn Hemisphere. The nematode appears
to be wide-spread in New Zealand and may
contribute to the death of clover. The New
Zealand pedigree strain of T. repens is
highly resistant to the nematode, possibly
due to its high cyanogenetic glucoside
content.
0769McGLOHON, N.E. & MINTON, N.A., 1963.
"Alfalfa stem nematode in Alabama." Plant
Disease Reporter, 47 (6), 573.
Ditylenchus dipsj on lucerne is re cordedfTor the rst time, in Alabama.
Infestations were found at 4 locations
during 1962. There was wide-spread stunting
of plants and loss of stand at one site but
damage was confined to localized areas at
the others.
0770GOSTICK, K.G., 1963. "Control of seed borne lucerne stem eelworm with Phorate." Annals of Applied Biology, 51 (3), 503-507. The nematotoxicity of insecticides and nematicides as dressings on lucerne seed inoculated with Ditylenchus diisac,. were
w incltd_,hDtlecu tested in pots an a. plots.- Porate
(diethyl S-(ethylthiomethyl) phosphoro thiolothionate) was the most netatotoxic
treatment but concentrations above 4%
decreased germination and further tests are
necessary. Liquid dressings are safer than
dust formulations.
0771 KILPATRICK, R.A., CHEN, T., RICH, A.E. & RODRIGUES, L., 1963. "Root symptoms and anatomical changes in Trifolium species and lettuce resulting from injury by Pratylenchus and 2,4-dichloro
~netrans
phenoxyacetic acid." Plant Disease
Reporter, 47 (6), 497-501.
Test-tube experiments on the effect of
Pratylenchus I and 2,4-D on 7
varieties of lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and 6
species of clover (T!rolit -pp.) are
reported. Nematode in-jury resulted in
necrosis and swelling of roots, stunting of
plants and increased secondary root forma tion. Injury from 2,4-D caused stunting of
plants, necrosis, malformation of roots and
cell hypertrophy. The difference between
nematode and 2,4-D injury was observed only
in the early stages of growth. Seedlings
treated with callus tissue containing 2,4-D
and nematodes which had been reared on
callus tissue, transferred sufficient 2,4-D
after their death to cause swelling of
roots and reduction in growth.
0772 CHEN, T. & RICH, A.E., 1963. "Attrac tion of Pratenchus p a to plant
roots." Pant isease Reporter, 47 (6),
504-507.
White clover (Trifolium repens) seedlings
were grown under aseptic conditions in one
limb of a U-tube containing 0.5% agar and
Pratylenchus p r were added to the
otherlimb.WithiWn 5 hours some nematodes
had migrated the 15 to 20 cm. to the root
zone. If clover was absent on either side
or if plants were present on both sides the
nematodes did not migrate. The nematodes
orientated themselves towards the attrac-
tant produced by the root and migrated
towards it, both vertically and horizontal-
ly. The concentration gradients in the agar
are highest near the roots,
0773CHAPMAN, R.A., 1963. "Population
development of leloidogyne arenaria in red
clover." Prcceedisi of T le-mintho-
logical Soci - of Washington, 30 (2),
233-236.
The rate of population development of
Meloidogyne arenaria in red clover growing
in soilinfesteJ- with 500 larvae per 500
gm. was greater than in plants growing in
soil infested with 100 larvae per 500 gm.
This indicates a direct relationship
between the infestation level and popula-
tion development of M. arenaria in red
clover. The former set of plants, i.e. that
with the higher infestation level, was
injured by the nematodes whereas the latter
was not. Aini A significant stimulation of root
wasrot. figantstoimuatn rte growth in young plants occurred of at the
higher infestation level.
0/74 GOLDEN, A.M. & COBB, G.S., 1963.
"Heterodera leapedezae (Heteroderidae), a
new species o csf--forming nematode."
Proceedings of the Helminthological Society
of Washington, 30 (2), 281-286.
Heterodera lepeezae n.sp. (20 females,
ma eunlknown) tea from roots of Kobe
lespedeza, Lea edeza striata, near Monroe
in Union Coug orth Carolina, U.S.A., is
described and figured. The common name of
"Lespedeza cyst nematode" is suggested for
this species. It is said to be closely
related to H. trifolii, but differs in
having shorter syTet1n both larvae and
females, the outlet of the dorsal oesopha-
geal gland near the stylet base, by
differences in the general shape of the
larval tail and by the stylet knobs sloping
posteriorly and measuring 5 micrnns in
width in the female. It differs from H.
lIn in the absence of males, in having
a oner larval stylet, and in the length
of the larval tail in hyaline tail
terminal. The larval tail terminal is also
relatively narrower and has an almost acute
terminus.
0775 NORTHERN IRELAND, AGRICULTURAL
RESEARCH INSTITUTE. Forty-eighth Annual
Report 1974-1975. Hfillsborough, Co. Down;
(1975) 49 pp. (En, Plant Nematology pp. 17,
181
The effect of Heterodera trifolit
infestation on the growth of red (THTOTHi
pretense) and white (T. ens) clovers n
Northern Ireland is being studied. Mention
is made of the role of .Dytilenchus dipsaci
in reducing red clover yelds.
077611OLTZMANN, O.V. & ARAGAKI, M., 1963.
"Clover cyst nematode in lat.uii." Plant
Disease Reporter, 47 (10), 886-889.
The authors report the first record of a
cyst nematode in the State of Hawaii.
Ileterodera trifolit was found attacking
Trifolium repens in prstures and on road sides in several districts. In pot tests,
using an inoculum of 10 non-desiccated
cysts or gravid females of the nematode,
Beta vulgarts var. cicla, Lathyrus
ljflgtanus, Sesbania flora and
Trfolium semipilosum were found to be very
susceptible; Brassica Junca, Desmodium
caninum, D. uncinattu and tomato were
slightly susceptible.-ll these are said to
be new host records. Pathogenicity tests
showed the yield of Trifolium repens
inoculated with If. trifelii t-obe reduced
severely after the fr-t 2 months' growth,
as compared with uninoculaLc-4 plants. The authors discuss earlier records of
Hfeterodera in Hawaii, which may possibly
have referred to a species of Meloldogyne.
H. trifolii appears to be a potentialy
serious pest in Hawaii.
777LEACI, C.., DICKASON, E.A. & GROSS,
07E 1963. ., " rOss,
A.E. 1963. "mtherelationship of insects,
fungi and nematodes to the deterioration of
roots of Trifolin d5 L." Annals of
Applied Biology, 52 (3), 371-385.
The possible relationships of insect,
fungus nematode injury to the deterio ration and of roots of alsike clover, Trifolium
hybidu
were
investigated.
Ran-domized
plots with sixfold replication of the following treatments and their combinations were used: (i) the Inse ticide heptachlor (at 4 lb. per acre) sprayed on to the soil surface and rototilled to a depth of 4 inches; (1i) the soil fumigant chloropicrin (at 450 lb. per acre) applied by chisel harrow to a depth of 8 Incles and sealed by rolling; (iii) the nemaktcide ZDB (at 6 gallons of Dowfume W-85 per acre) applied as for chloropicrin. The plots were sown with clover seeds I weeks after treatment. The insecticide together with either of the soil fumigants improved qtand uniformity, plant height and flowering and decreased the number of weeds. In the second year this treatment greatly increased the dry weight yield. Both Meloidogyne incognita var. acrita and Pr t lenchus sp. were pre
192 sent burtonly very few of the former. No
direct relationship was revealed betieen nematode injury and root rots although the fumigation effect of soil beneficial suggests that the nematodes may be involved in the complex.
07708 WARDOJO, S., HIJIK, M.J. &
OOSTEBRINK, M., 1963. "Schade biJ witte
Heterodera
klaver dcor Inokulate met trifolii, Meloidogyn hapla en Priay-e-hU
dd el ngen van de Landbou-
22netrans." whogesch el en de Opzoekingsstations van de
Staat te Cent, 28 (3), 672-678. [English summary p.678. Discussion p.678.1
Lns, was grown
White clover, Trifolium in sterilized sol inoculate with either Heterodera trifolii, eloidogyne hapla or Pratylenchus penetrans. AE monthly inter-
vals the cover was cut and weighed; crude
protein was estimated once. All 3 species were found to damage white clover. Leaf production was reduced to 30% of that in the contrals by L. trifolli and M'2il and to 45% by P. penetrans. f. tri foli infestation caused a reduction in the number of Rhizobium nodjles on the roots and in the crue-- protein extent of roots and leavs.
0779 HUNtG, Y.P., 1963. "Studies on the life
cycle and host range of the lespdeza cy3t
nematode." [Abstract.] Phytopsthc'ogy, 53
(8), 978-879.
Ilielife-cycle of Heterodera lespedezae
(a new species to be descFibed later) was
studied on Kobe lespedeza at 75*F. Second-
stage larvae entered the roots in 2 days
and after 8 days had swollen and begun the
second moult. By the tenth day third-stage
larvae were fully developed, the fourth-
stage had developed by the 16th day and the
lemon-shaped adult by the 22nd day. Eggs
were deposited on the 36th to 38th day. No males were found. Bth Kobe and Korean
lespedeza were hoits and also red and white
clovers: 3 other leguminous plants and 3
not huszs.
cereals were cerealsculture
0780 SIDDIQI, M.R., 1963. "Two new species
.i the genus Helicotylenchus Steiner, 1945
Zeltschrlt fur
d
Tilaiminse)."r t fur . 23 0)a~ma,. (C), 2239-244. Parasitenkunde, (emaitda:
2op Helicot lenehus serenus n.sp. (15 her-
maphrodites collected fom ThuJ sp. near
arl-pur, West
Post & Telegraph Color.y, Pakistan, 13 described and figured. It is
all known her-
among be distinctive said to maphrodite species of the genus by its
labial framework having conspicuous ouer
margins which extend posteriorly about 4 body annules. It comes closest to H.
cinclensis but differs in the labial
has a more posteriorly located
frtame:wor, orifice of the dorsal oesophageal gland and
a conoid tail measuring more than one anal
body width in length. 11.indicus n.sp. (15
grals,
collecteWY----rom hermaphrodites) Lmodon dactylon, in the lawn facing Re-
of Zoology,
Department search Liboratories, A~igarh University, Aligarh (U.P.), Indij,
is described and figured. It is zaid to
differ from all known digonic hermaphroditc
species of the penus by the phasmids being
located Lt aral latitude and in having a dorsally convex-conoid tail not bearing a peg or Trocess at terminus. It is recorded and H. 193 as resembling L1. digonicus
canadensis, but differs from the former in its smaller body size, smaller buccal spear, by having more annules on the tail and by the location of the phasmids. From It.canadensis it e'i-ers in Its sialler Uody size, smaller Loeal spear, and it, tail. longer a comparatively having Helicotylenchus is placed in the subfarrily floplolaiminae. 0781SIDDIQI, M.R., 1963. "Four new species in the sub-family Tylenchinae (Nematoda)
fur Zeitschrift India." North from Parasitenkunde, 23 (4), 397-404.
Psilenchus minor n.sp. from soil about the roots of Prunus aygalus near Islamia College, Srinagar di fers--om P. hilarus in being smaller, with a shorter spear, vulva, more located anteriorly more smoothly rounded head and a tail of 11 anal body widths long. Tlenchorhynchus ru'osus n.sp. from soil around roots of Salix babyloiica near Islamia College, Srinagar, resembles 6 other species of the genus in having longitudinal striae on the body and 6 Incisures in the lateral field but is distinguished from them by verious charac足 ters. Ditvlenchus nanmis n.sp., collected from soT1F an -root samrJes of guava tree, lava, in Jamalptir village near Psidium Univ-er ity Canis, AliGarh, can be recog足 nizen by its shczt body, spear 7.0 to 7.5
microns long, vulva at 82 to 85%, largo
post-uterine sac, shape of female tail and dimensions of the spicules. D. mirus n.sp.,
from soil about r.cts of Zea rs B in
all
Jamalpur village, is distinguis-hed f the known species of the genus by its srall
body size (0.54 to 0.72 mm.), spear 8 to 9
u long, vulva at F3 to 85%, uterine-sac
extending half-way between vulva and anus,
a short conoid tail with broadly rounded
the spicules.
terminus and size of 0782AYAA, A., 1962. " Occurrence of the a cn pigeonpea nomatode Meloidogne j uf Agri足 Rico." Jounal roots in Rico, of Puerto the University of Pue 46 (2), 154-156. Ayala reports Meloidogyne Javanica on the pigeon pea (Caianus caan roets co. One of the
o first time in Fute1 droliferation
pronounced
was symptoms takdro
is bhn behind attacked root tips.
0783SYFARBILOVICI, T.S. OVECHNIKOV, G.T. &
AFANASEV, D.I., 1960. IThe more impcrtant nematode diseases of clover nd maize and
their distribution on collective farms in
Tridi Vsesoyuznogo
central R.S.F.S.R.] Instituta Gelmintologii im.K.I. Skryabina,
Russian.]
8, 215-230. [Ina The authors have made a survey of 94 farm
units in the Moscow, Voronezh, Lipetak,
Smolensk, Corkov and Yaroslav regions of
the U.S.S.R. and have studied the distribu足 tion of the more important nematode
diseases of clover and maize. For clover
they list Ditylenchus "trifolli", exa
vigissi, H. consobrinus and A helencholdes
2, f. F . -Iin-audtus, and c-maize vigissi and A. spinocaudatus.
0784 SWARUP, C., PRASAD, S.K. & RASKI, D.J., 1964. "Some Heterodera species from India." Plant Disease Reporter, 48 (3), 235.
Heterodera trifolii is reported from 3
localities in India, occurring on the roots
of anus cajan at New Delhi and near
Aligarh (Uttah Pradesh) and also associa-
tion with the roots of meadow grass at
Gulmarg, Kashmir, at an elevation of 8,700
ft. H. sacchari was found on the roots of
Saccharum spontaneum near Delhi. Both these
specr-sorfetrodera are new records for
India. Maize is recorded as a new host for
H. avenae.
0785 YOUNG, P.A., 1964. "Control of corn
nematodes with Vorlex and D-D." Plant
Disease Reporter, 48 (2), 122-123.
D-D and Vorlex (20% methyl isothiocyanate
plus 80% D-D) was applied to soil infested with Trichodorus christiei, Pratylenchus
brachvurus, p. zee, hnema americanum,
.rfon.odes
an-d elonolamus. I ono.~s The hegot
growth and yield of maize was greatly improved by
these pre-planting treatments.
0786 WINCESTER, J.A.,
1961.
"Preliminary
investigations on the mode of action of
pangolagrass roots in reducing cotton root-
knot nematode (Meloido incognita
acrita) populations. Proceedings. Soil and
r-pScience Society of Florida, 20th
Annual Meeting (1960), pp.178-182.
Water extracts of mature roots of pangola grass (Digitaria decumbens) prevented
galling of cucu-ber roots growing in soil infested with Meloidogyne incognita acrita,
whereas extract of young roots of pangola-
grass
increased
galling compared
with a
water check. Pangolagrass sod leachate
eliminated root-knot on white clover in 4
weeks. Leachate from newly planted pangola-
grass increased the nematode population. In
small plots and In commercial fields the effectiveness of the grass in reducing
root-knot nematodes has been confirmed,
0787 KRUSBER , L.R., 1964. "Effect of gall Ing by Ditylenchus dipsaci on pectins in
alfalfa." Nematoogica,
Year 1963,
9 (3),
penetrans in a sandy soil does not enter
roots o lucerne seedlings when the soil is
saturated (pFO) but does so more readily as
the pF is raised to 2, is briefly reported.
0789NEMATODES. Pest Articles and News Sum maries (1975) 21 (4) 416-418 [En].
In this short report of work done by Dr.
R.O. Ogbuji in Nigeria the results are
given of tests for infectivity of 5 maize
cultivars by a population of Meloidogyne
incognita from Corchorus olitorius, Only
sweet corn, variet sh istance
but it is thought that resistance might break down after repeated exposure to the
nematodes.
0790AYOUB, S.M., 1961. "Pratylenchus zeae
found on corn, milo, and three suspected
new hosts in California." Plant Disease
Reporter, 45 (12), 940.
An infestation of Pratylenchus zeae in a
field of milo (Soghum y1. ) I-'port ed. Gypodon P. zeae dscyon, were also obtained from roots of Tribulus terrestris
and hcni-°---al-l-
were grow-
Ing in the same field. There was a P. zese
infestation in a nearby corn (Ze-ys
field. Previously published hosFs- of P.
zeae are listed.
0 791CHAPMAN, R.A., 1962. "Effect of
Heterodera trifolii on the growth of
Trifolium pratense and T. repens."
[Abstract of paper presented at tie 53rd
Annual
Meeting
of
the American
Phytopa
thological Society, 1961.] Phytopathology, 52 (1), 6.
In Kenland red clover Infested with
larvae of Heterodera trifolfi at rates of 500, 1,000 and 6,000 lar-vaeper half gallon of soil, significant reductions in top
growth occurred at 76, 116 and 116 days respectively, and total yield during 6
months was reduced by 59, 57 and 76%. Injury caused by an infestation level of 300 larvae per 4 in. pot was 13% in Pilgrim
Ladino
clover, 31% in Louisiana white clover 1% n lo ver.
clover and 58% in Kenland red clover.
341-346. [German summary p.346.1
The results of various histochemical
tests on healthy lucerne tissue and on
tissue infected with Dttylenchus dipsaci
are given. Called and healthy seea
tissues stained similarly with ruthenium
red, but the galled tissues stained more
deeply than did the healthy tissues with hydroxamic acid reagent. There were no
consistent differences in quantities of
pectins from galled or healthy tissues in
established plants or seedlings. Neither
galled nor healthy lucerne tissues
contaneu detectable amounts of free
galacturonic acid or polygalacturonase. D.
d extract with a high polyga-
lacturonase activity by viscometric assay
did not macerate lucerne seedlings during
incubation. It is concluded that pecti nolytic enzymes are not of major importance
in the diseases caused by this nematode in
lucerne.
0792MARTIN, G.C., 1961. "Root-knot name todes infecting black wattle (Acacia
mearnssi de Wild) in the Eastern Highlands
of bou-thern Rhodesia." Rhodesia Agri cultural Journal, 58 (6), 374-375.
Sampling shows that root-knot is general ly distributed in the wattle-producing
areas of thr Eastern Highlands of Southern
Rhodesia. The monoculture of black wattle
(Acacia mearnsii) and the practice of grow ing it Fn 7ground formerly under intensive cultivation results in severe infections of
Meloidogyne Jgca. In some samples M. arenaria was found. 0793MILLER, R.E., BOOTHROYD, C.W. & MAI, W.F., 1962. "Plant parasitic nematodes associated with corn roots in New York."
[Abstract of paper presented at the 53rd
0788KALE,
P.F.
&
MAI,
W.F.,
Annual Meeting of the American Phytopa thological Society, 1961.1 Phytopathology,
1964.
"Ingress of Prtlenchus p as Into alfalfa roots nreTatT to--oois tur content." (2), 128.
[Abstract.]
An experiment,
Phytopathology,
52, (1), 22.
Samples of roots and soil from 5 major
5
showing that Pratylenchus
194
maize-growing areas affected by maize root rot revealed high populations of plant
parasitic
nematodes.
Samples were
taken
Ditylnchus dipsac has been found in red
bi-monthly from June to October. Large different places in Finland
clover at numbers of Pratylenchus pppprans were where it was shown that the nematode could
found at 4 of the sites; at the 5th site P. be spread by seed. Mechanical cleaning of
crenatus was the most numerous. The populanematode-infested red clover seed reduced
tt~iF-T Pratylenchus app. in the roots the degree of infestation but all nematodes
increased 3 to 7-fold during the growing were not removed. It is recommended that
app., Helicotylenchus season. Tylen.hus imported red clover seed should be treated
app. and Aphelenchus sp. were also found with methyl bromide.
consistently in smaller numbers together Epp., Paratylenchus occasional with 0797SASSER, J.N., VARGAS GONZALES, O.F. &
Tylenchorhynchus spp., Xr-_Eri ciaspp. and of population total Heterodera app. The MARTIN, A., 1962. "New findings of plant-
initially plant-parasitic nematodes was Plant Disease
high, decreased rapidly and then built upPeru." high, to the end of the growing Reporter, 46 (3), 171.
steadily Plant-parasitic genera encountered in
season.
Peru by Krusberg & Hirschmann, 1958 [for
abstract see Helm. Abs., 27, No.143e] were
again found in a survey made in 1961. New
0794 PALO, A.V., 1962. "Translocation and
findings included Ditylenchus dipsaci on
development of stem eelworm, Dyit chus
lucerne, Rotylenchulus reniformis in large
sativa
dipsaci (Kuhn) in lucerne, Medi f1rom the rhizospheres of
numbers from s3 L." Nematologica, 7 (2), 122-132. [German
several crop plants, Radopholus simills
summary pp.131-132.1
causing severe damage in bnaa pantations
Palo gives the results of experiments on
and a Dolichodorus (undescribed species)
the ecology of the lucerne stem eelworm.
associated with a mahogany tree. In the
Two-week-old lucerne seedlings (Du Puits
coastal region Meloidogyne incognita and R.
variety) were inoculated with 200 eelworms
similis were the most important economicaT (all stages) and, on later examination,
ly, causing severe damage to cotton and
eelworms were found in all parts of one-
banana respectively, and there was evidence
month-old plants; the second and third-
of an interrelationship between these nema month-old plants showed irregular infection
todes and certain fungal diseases. In some
in the main stem and infections in the side
caused
rostochiensis Heterodera areas shoots appeared to be independent of the
severe losses to potato and in one area of
infection,
the main stem position of the selva M. exi- a on coffee was the most
Eelworms are carried in the flower debris
damaging nematode
and not within the seeds themselves and are
also carried up passively as the plant
0798ALIEV, A.A., 1961. [Infectivity of
grows. The viability of narcissus, tulip
arieties of maize.]
Meloidoyne sp. to and lucerne races in dried plant matcrial
azeil
ities o t o yunnap Meloid decreased as the humidity at which they
Zashchiti
Trdi V1eoyuznogo.9 Instituta were stored increased. Lucerne seedlings
s
[ p. 16, so.m Eni, grown for 2 months !n pots of artificially
Eiqlish summary p.92.1
infested soil decreased in weight by 10.2
variet Two-year observations on 29 maize mg. for each 10-fold increase in inoculum
ies, planted in soil heavily infected with
aid also there was 28-fold increase in
Meloidogyne sp., showed that different va final eelworm population in the plant for
different
to infected rieties became unit Increase in the initial inoculum. Ten
degrees but that development and fruiting
eclworms scattered at random over 120 sq.
of the plants were unaffected.
cm. surface of I kg. of potted soil was
sufficient to cause serious infection of
'"inige
1960. M., 07990OSTENBRINK, the seedlings. There was no evidence of
Grundungunsfragen im Hinblick auf pflanzen parthenogenesis.
International
Nematoden." parasitare Congress of Crop Protection (4th), Hamburg,
0795RIGGS. R.D., DALE, J.L. & HAMBLEN,
I,
Vol. Proceedings, 1957. September M.L., 1962. "Reaction of Bermuda grass
pp.575-577. [English summary p.577.]
varieties and lines to root-knot nematodes.
Red clover, Trifolium pratense, caused
P-tylenchus
of bud-up considerable "Phytopathology, 52 (6), 587-588.
nd
frested penetrans in fields already Ten pasture types and 6 lawn types of
However, if
attack. from auffered itself tested
Bermuda grass (Cynodon app.) were African marigolds, Tagetes sp., were grown
against the root-nt nematodes Heloidogyne
M. Incognita, M.
M. haa,
arenaria, vat.___ ee
were suppresse these nematodes an_.Jvaia
penetrans,
to P. an crops susceptible before M. javanica. The
acrita and incogn-ta var. ____t_ an
m e ds aere colse
acrita,
var. ita Inp
M. was most damaging could be used as a green manure.
d4
ohown ne lawn resistance being s
damage,
least did Ia ha M. types. pasture 0800EPPS, J.M. & CHAMBERS, A.Y., 1959.
galls with egg masses beIng found on only 4
"Hung bean (Phaseolue aureus), a host of of the pasture types. Coastal and Midland (Heterodera
nema-ode the soybean Cyst were the most resistant of the pasture )." Plant Disease Reporter, 43 (9),
gIy1 types, Midland being attacked only by the
982
M. incognita group. Uganda was the best
Two varieties of Mung bean (Phaseolus
lawn type, only H. Incogits var. acrita
Oklahoma 12 and Kiloga, were very
aureus), were
causing a few galfs, ut no egg masses susceptible to Heterodera glycines but a
found,
"Jumbo strain" tested appeared to show a
high resiiotance to white female develop ment.
0796ROIVAINEN, 0., TINNILA, A. & KANERVO,
V., 1962. "Observations on the stem nema as
Filipjev (Kuhn) tode Ditylenchus dipsaci 0801GRUNDBACHER, F.J. & STANFORD, E.H.,
a pest of red clover in Finland." Annales 195 1962. "Effect of temperature on resistance
Agriculturae Fenniae, 2, 127-132.
of alfalfa to the stem nematode
(Ditylenchus dipsaci)., Phytopathology, 52
(8), 791-794.
The resistance of seedling and clonal
plants of lucerne to infestation by
Dttylenchus dipsaci varied in resistant
strains with temperature. At 50°F. Lahontan
was more resistance than at 601F. and 700 F.
but selections of an introduced variety
from Iran and the variety lalent did not
vary at these 3 temperatures.
0802 GRUNDBACHER, F.J., 1962. "Testing alfalfa seedlings for resistance to thp stem nematode Ditylenchus dipsaci. (Kuhn) Filipjev." Proceedings of the Helminthologichl Society of Washington, 29 (2), 152-158. Germinated lucerne seedlings were grown on filter paper rolls wrapped around glass
vials in a breaker of tap-water or dilute
Hoagland's solution kept in a controlled
environment. Ditylenchus dipsaci were
extracted from dried lucerne tops and
suspended in 1% sodium carboxymethyl-
cellulose, a droplet of which was placed
between the cotyledons. Inoculated seed-
lings were then kept under continuous light
for 5 days, preventing the cotyledons from
closing, which resulted in a greater
concentration of D. dps acl in the shoot
apex. Microscopical exam nations of stained
seedlings showed that D. dipsaci could
reproduce in the hypocotyl, cotyledons and
petioles of both susceptible and resistant
plants. In susceptible plants, one month
after inoculation and grown at 52*F., there
was swelling of the meristematic tissue at
the shoot apex and large numbers of eggs
were produced by the nematodes; resistant
seedlings usually showed little swelling
and nematode reproduction did not usually
occur. The primary shoot often remained
rudimentary and a secondary shoot was
produced which overcame the nematode
attack. It is concluded that hypersensi-
tivity to D. dipsaci often inhibits
meristematic growth of resistant plants,
08030'BANNON, J.H. & REYNOLDS, H.W., 1962.
"Resistance ot alfalfa to two species of
root-knot nematodes." Plant Disease
Re orter, 46 (8), 558-559.
Te reactions of 13 breeding lines of
African lucerne and a Sirsa selection to
Meloidogyne javanica and N. Incognita var.
acrita were tested. The African lines all
Had'-ry light infestations of both root-
knot species, the Sirsa selection was
lightly to moderately infested and the
check variety, Lahontan, was moderately to
heavily galled. It is claimed
that when highly resistant varieties are grown the
highyvrieies reistnt
re
rownthe
nematode population of an infested field is
reduced so succeeding cropsfreein from the
rotation willthat remain relatively root-knot damage.
0804CHEN, T. & RICH, A.E., 1962. "Patho-
genicity of Pratylenchus pe ans on
strawberry and Ladno li-te clover seed-
lings." (Abstract.1 Phytopathology, 52 (9),
922-923.
Seedlings of Ladino white clover and
strawberry were grown aseptically in tubes
on modified Hoagland's and Knop's solu-
tions. Pratylenchus penetrans cultured on 196
clover al-lusE ue-wre added to the
tubes containing the seedlings. Nematodcs
feeding on the root hairs and epidermis
just behind the root cap resulted in
disappearance of root hairs, swelling of
root tips, darkening of roots and stunting
of plants. These experiments demonstrate
that P. p ia pathogenic to Ladino
white-cloveran strawberry seedlings in
the absence of all other organisms.
0005HEYNS, J., 1962. "A report on south African nematodes of the families Longidoridae Belondiridae and Alaimidae 6
(Nematoda: orylaimoidea), with descrip tions of three new species." Nematologica,
8 (1), 15-20. [French sunary p.20.1
nfdorus e , X2piema ameri canum, X. hallei, X. brevica tum and
Dylaielus tenuidens arerecorded from
out frica. The 2 female specimens of X. americacum more closely resemble those from Aligarh, India, described by Siddiqi, 1959 [see Helm. Abs., 29, No. 3221 than American
material. X. vanderlindei n.sp., Amphidelus
n.sp. and D. r monohystera n.sp.
are described and illustrated. X.
vanderlindei (females only) was found
around- tFroots of maize and cowpeas in
the Orange Free State and also around the
roots of cowpeas and peanuts in the
Transvaal. It differs from X. hallei in
having a flattened lip reglon,-sh-rter
spear, a shorter and almost straight tail
and a longer basal bulb, and from X.
attodororum in the much shorter spear and
spear extension, the more posterior loca tion of the vulva and the longer tail. The
vulva of X. vanderlindei is a consp!cuous
transverse slit (Vff 47 to 52%) more than
half the body width. Both uteri have one or
more large pouches. D. projectus was found
in cultivated soil at the lobacco Research
Station, Rustenburg, Transvaal. It is
distinguished by the amalgamated inner
parts of the lips being set off as a
prominent labial disc slightly more than
half the width of the lip region; it
differs from D. striatus in the hemispher ical tail ending, shorter pre-rectum and
smaller size. A. monohystera is described
from a single female from soil in a citrus
orchard in Transvaal. This species belongs
in the group of Anrphidelus app. having
relatively short tails. It differs from A.
uniformis in having no anterior uterine
branch, amphids located slightly more
anteriorly and by the sub-acute tail
terminus.
0806ROIVAINEN,
"The
resistance
0.
of
& TINNILA,
A.,
certain
Finnish
1963.
red cloe res ie o cetem nematod
clover var ties to the nematode
Dlech~us dlpsac4 (Kuhn)stem FilipJev."
Annale griculture Fenniae, 2 (1), 1-6.
Stem nematode resistance was investigated
in a large quantity of Finnish red clover
and compared with the Swedish variety
Merkur and some other foreign varieties.
Lucerne, alsike clover and white clover
were also inoculated but they were very
resistant to the nematode population used.
A few Finnish local varieties, especially
Kangasala and Taipalsaari, showed some
degree of resistance and although not as
resistant as Merkur they are considered
valuable for further breeding.
0807 HAGUE, N.G.M. & CLARK, W.C., 1959. and bromide methyl with "Fumigation chloropicrin to control seed-borne infestations of the stem telwonm (Ditylenchus on lucerne (Mdca satva)." c) di Hededelingen van de Landbouwhogeschooi en de Gpzoekingsstations van de Staat te Gent, 24 (3/4), 628-636. [French & German sum-
maries p.635.1
Hague & Clark describe fumigation experi-
ments with methyl bromide and chloropicrin
to control seed-borne infestations of stem
eelworm on lucerne. Adequate control is
obtained with both gases at concentration-
time products not appreciably phytotoxic
to the seed. Technical problems involved in
the use of these gases and seed moisture
content levels are also discussed.
080" RHOADES, H.L. & LINFORD, M.B., 1961.
"Biological studies on some uembers of the
genus Paratylenchus." Proceedings of the
Helmintholo Cal Society of Washington, 28
(1), 51-59.
The life-cycle of Paratylenchus projpt
growing
was studied on red clover see in agar. Four moults occurred, the first
within the egg. The second and third-stage
larvae fed as ectoparasites on epidermal
cells and rooc hairs similarly to adults,
but the fourth-stage larvae did not feed.
This stage is morphologically distinct with
a
short
delicate
stylet
and
weakly
develoe s or oesophagus. elopag. sTetage was off
The stage wa developed short duration on red clover in agar and
young pot cultures, but accumulated for
unknown reasons in old pots and was the
predominant stage under most field condi-
were more
larvae Fourth-stage tions. tolerant of desiccation and exposure to low
temperatures,
D.W
JR.; EVANS, J.H., 0809ELGIN, FAULKNER, L.R. [FAULKNER, L.R.] Variations
in pathogenicity of regional strains of
stem nematodes on alfalfa. [Abstract]. In
Twenty-fourth alfalfa improvement confer-
ence, University of Arizona, Tucson, 8-10
October, 1974. Peoria, USA; US Department
of Agriculture. (1975) 19-20. [En] ARS,
USDA, Wash., Prosser, USA.
Eight of 9 isolates of D4tyienchu5 dipsaci from different areas in theUSA .d Canada performed similarly at 3 temperatures and in 4 lucerne varieties; Lahontan and Caliverde were resistant to the isolates and Ranger and Moapa were susceptible. It was concluded that resistant lucerne developed in a breeding programme using one isolate would be likely to be resistant to isolates from othe: regions.
of the syncytia or giant cells is traced from the earliest stages and there are their showing photographs numerous appearance in various positions in the root and at different stages of root develop ment. Some syncytia reached a length of 2 m. and some occupied the entire stele in
the vicinity of the stylet. A nematode failed to thrive when a syncytium arose in extended into the the cortex unless i, stele. No nuclear division was observed within a syncytium and, except In the early stages, the number of nuclei was less than the number of cells that had merged, because disintegration of nuclei occurred. The development of 11 trifolii in pea, red clover and soya bean (all poor hosts), amongst other plants, is discussed and a new host Polyonum pers caria, also a host of 11. weIssi Steiner,is recorded. H. and M. ha Ia developed close
trifolti together in roots of Ladno clover without
apparently influencing each other. The
syncytia developed in association with each
one
from strikingly differed species another, even when the two types of pato logical tissue lay in contact.
0811 MARTIN, G.C., 1961. "The susceptibili to tE oiumon root-knot ness spp.) a -Rhodesi nr." e av tod i s ag i , 62e j relo urnal cltode
(Lotus
cultural
ourna ,_8
1 _ 62-65.
grew in two a species of Lotusinfested
ofMartin Trifolium field heavily and 17
ne javanica. All were heavily
otffh-L.
of varieties tt gall ec and
ade, ie ptname C c corni corniculatus, namely Cascade, Empire asd
Grvanger, whch had a few galls; Douglas,
Viking and Tana were moderately to heavily
galled. The other heavily galled test
plants were: Lotus uliginosus, Trifolium
alexandrinum, fEceranganense, T. hirtum, T.hlbsr)um (to .apieties-T. Tncarnatua ties) T *aIn eM, T. prate se (17 varieties), _. EN , T. (nine varieties),- T. rue ellianum (normal um, T. resut and small types)-, steudneri, T. semi ilomum, T. subterraneum (two varietes,T.usmbrense, and T. tembense.
081200STENBRINK, M., 1961. "Nematodes in
relation to plant growth. III. Pratylenchus
penetrans (Cobb) in tree crops, potatoes
and red clover." Netherlands Journal of
Agricultural Science, 9 (3), 188-208.
The results of five rotation and fumiga tion experiments together with additional
field surveys show that Pratyenchs
penetrans is a serious cause ofikness
symptoms and has crop rotational effects on
many woody plants, red clover and potatoes. 0810MANKAU, R. & LINFORD, M.B., 1961.
It is wide-spread in light and medium soils "Host-parasite relationships of the clover
especially in nurseries and fruit orchards; cyst nematode, Heterodera trifolif
9% of the fields examined contained more Goffart." Bulletin. Illinois Agricultural
than 100 specimens per 100 ml. of soil. Experiment Station, No. 667, 50 pp.
Results demonstrate a significant linear Mankau & Linford review the literature on
relationship between the log. of initial the cytology of the host-parasite relation-
population density or of population density ships in species of Heterodera and
within roots and growth deficit of Meloidogyne and describe their own methods
susceptible crops. There was some Indica used in the study of the development of 11.
tion that heavy infestations of P. trifolil in plants of various host status. 'enetrgan in red clover roots impaired They describe fully the entry of larvae nitrogen fixation. The cultivation of rye, into the roots of a good host, Ladino
oats and red clover should be avoided in clover, and the process of feeding by
infested land as they are good hosts. Beet larvae and mature females, the development 197 or mangolds are advised to be grown on
infested arable land just before potatoes
or red clover as they suppress P.
p2.ntrans. Nematicides give effective coF-
trol of P. penetrans but their cost
restricts -their use to land growing
valuable crops. Other plant nematode
relationships indicated by the results were
that grass, red clover, oats, rye, and
swede were efficient hosts of
TylencLorynchus dubius; red clover was a
good hot of oty-e-nhus robustus; potatoes
were a better host for i =yne ha la than r7d clover, mangold or oats; mangol
was an efficient host of P. nglectus but suppressed P. penetrans and P. crenatus;
mangold and grass were efficient of
Paratylenchus spp.
0813RHOADES, P.L. & LINFORD, M.B., 1961.
"A study of the parasitic habit of
Paratylenchus proE2ctus and P. dianthus."
Proceedings of the Helminthological Society
of Washington. 28 (2), 185-190.
Observations were made on Paratylenchus
projectus and P. dianthns on 7he roots of cl ad toacco -in gar. Feeding was mainly ectoparasitic on root hairs and epidermal cells in the young mature region. Pre-adult larvae of both species and males of P. dianthus did not appear to feed. Some larvae an-dF-emales were seen to feed on one
cell for several days. Insertion of the
stylet took several minutes and was
followed by a period of relative inactivity
when saliva was seen to flow forward from
the dorsal side of the basal bulb to fill
the salivary duct and ampulla. Saliva was
not observed passing through the stylet but
a granular dome built up around the stylet
during feeding; this appeared to have
little effect on the cell contents but
protoplasts of red clover root hairs
disappeared after prolonged feeding. A
rhythmic pulsation of the median bulb
occurred some time after stylet insertion
and lasted for more than a week in some
specimens until the nematode was ready to
retract its stylet.
0814ANON., 1961. "An alfalfa stem nematode (Ditylenchus dipsaci) (Kuhn, 1857)
FTi-pjev, 1936)-. adian Insect Pest
Review, 39 (4), 165.
Infestations of Ditylenchus dipsaci were
first reported on luerne plots at the
Research Station at Lethbridge In 1950. No
infestations were noticed after 1952 until
1958; since then it has persisted and has
also been noted In several lucerne fields
in the area.
0815BINGEFORS, S., 1961. "Stem nematodes
in clovers and lucerne and their control by
breeding for resistance." international
Grassland Congress (8th), Reading, July
7 11-20, 1960. Proceedings, pp. 8 -81.
Bingefors mentions the races of
Ditylenchus dipsaci that attack red clover,
clover ote and lucerne and the symptoms
and spread of the disease in red clover
crops and discusses the introduction of
resistant varieties into Sweden. The resis-
tance of plants was increased rapidly by
selection but it is not inherited as a
single gene. The reproduction of eelworms
is inhibited in resistant varieties and,
since the number in the soil declines when 198
a resistant variety is grown, the incidence
of disease in a subsequent susceptible
variety is reduced. In southern Sweden in
1958, 80% of all the early red clover sown
belonged to resistant varieties compared
with only 10% in 1939. Bingefors considers
that screening plantr for resistance in the
field Is no longer reliable and must be
replaced or supplemented with artificial
infection methods, probably using eelworms
reared in culture.
0816McBRIDE, J.M., JOHNS, D.M. & CARTER,
C.R., 1981. "Relative host responses of
intnrplanted weeds and corn to Pratylenchus
zese and P. brachyurus (Nem a,
Ty-Tnchida)." *Abstract of paper presented at the 37th Annual Meeting of the Southern
Division American Phytopathological
Society.1 Phytopathology, 51 (9), 644.
Roots of various transplanted weeds, rep足 resenting 33 species, growing with maize
were sampled for Pratylenchus zeae and P.
brachyurus. The maize roots had
Pratylenchus infections of 30 to 200 per gi. and in weeds the infections were two to 14 per gm. The ratio of P. zeae to P. brachyurus in maize roots was 1-67 and Tn
weedsroots 10:1. Roots of several weed
species were not infected and weeds that
had infected roots were considered to be
uncongenial hosts. There was no evidence
that the weed roots were antibiotic to the
nematode populations in the maize roots.
0817TAXASIJEVIC, N., 1980. "Pojava i
rasprostranjeje nematode stabla
(Ditylenrhus dipsaci Kuhn) na lucerki u
nasoj zemTji." Zashtita Bilja. Belgrade,
No. 57/58, pp.225-227. [English suimmary
p.227.]
A short account of the distribution of
Ditylenchus dipsaci attacking lucerne in
Yugoslava is given. Typical symptoms of
swollen stem, deformed crown buds and
stunted growth are described.
o81BTOWNSHEND, J.L. & MULVEY, R.H., 1961.
'An occurrence of Heterodera trifolif
Goffart, 1932 in the Niagara Pen--l,
Ontario." Canadian Plant Disease Survey, 41
(5), 290.
Cysts of Heterodera trifolii were found
in concentrations of 3577d- per 200 gi.
soil sample. Ladino clover wan reported as
the host crop.
*0819CHENl,
T., KILPATRICK, R.A. & RICH,
A.E., 1962. "Stylet-bearing nematodes
associated with white clovers in New
Hampshire 1960-1961." Plant Disease
Reporter, 46 (5), 346-347.
Pratylenchus pinraE was found to be
the predominant y eearing nematode in
and around the roots of white clover
(Trifolium repens) at two New Hampshire ( .T-localtes. Populations of this nematode were higher in heavy loam than in fine sandy loam. Experimental plots in the
two localities were treated with (i) methyl
bromide, (ii) dieldrin dust (50%), (iii)
both chemicals combined, (iv) untreated
control. Methyl bromide gave good control for three years after the initial treat足 ment. High populations of P. penpans were found in the dieldrinrtreated plots,
possibly resulting from the control of nematode predators. The root-knot nematode (Meloiogyn app.) is recorded for the firat t me on clover from field plots in New Hampshire.
0820 BINGEFORS, S., 1961. "Stem nematode in
lucerne in Sweden." II. Resistance in lu cerne against stem nematode."
Lantbrukshogskolans Annaler, 27, 385-398.
The lucerne variety Lahontan showed a
high degree of resistance to Ditylenchus
-Isaci; reactions in susceptible and
ant varieties were similar to those
in red clover. The eelworms penetrated
resistant plants and were found in cavities
within them but no, or very little, multi-
plication occurred in resistant plants,
Many lucerne varieties were tested for
resistance, most being very susceptible.
Lahontan, Nemastan and an introduction from
Iran were highly resistant while Kayseri
(from Turkey) showed an appreciable degree
of resistance. Some samples of Provence and
two varieties from Eastern Europe also
showed some resistance. In field tests
Nemastan and Lahontan were poorly adapted
to Swedish conditions while Kayseri was
fairly good.
0821CCEN, T., KILPATRICK, R.A. & RICH,
A.E., 1961. "Sterile culture techniques as
tools in plant nematology research."
Phytopathology, 51 (11), 799-800.
The authors describe a method for cultur-
ing aseptic Pratylenchus penetrans on seed-
lings of TrifoluM repens growing in
nutrient agar. T-e-nemato-as were steril-
ized by immersion in a solution of 0.1%
streptomycin sulphate and 30 p.p.m.
malachite green and the population
increased on sterile corn roots before
being transferred to the seedlings in the
agar cultures. The method provides a pure
culture technique for studying actual
damage to roots caused by nematodes alone.
The effect on aerial symptoms as well as on
roots can be observed without disturbing
the plants or the nematodes.
0822McGLOHON, N.E., 1962. "Investigations
of plant-parasitic nematodes associated
with forage crops in North Carolina."
Dissertation Abstracts, 22 (7), 2145.
Many plant-parasitic nematodes were found
associated with forage crops. M. hap1a
failed to reproduce on any of- the 20
grasses tested for susceptibility to five
species of Meloidoyn and other genera.
The suitabilit of several other plant
hosts for different nematode genera was
investigated and green-house tests deter-
mined the best soil for the reproduction of
eelworms as well as their effects on
foliage and roots. Their feeding habits and
viability in various soils at different
temperatures were observed,
O823GOPLEN, B.P. Alfalfa research in
western Canada. [Abstract]. In Twenty-
fourth alfalfa improvement conference,
University of Arizona, Tucson, 8-10
October, 1974. Peoria, USA; US Department
of Agriculture. (1975) 32-34 [En] Res.
Sta., Canada Agric.. Saskatoon, Sask., 199
Canada. From Plant Breeding Abstracts 4b,
1505, 1514.
Two varieties of lucerne have been
developed from Vernal and Lahontan with
resistance to Ditylenchus d and
Corynebacterium insidiosum: one is ue for
rease in 1975.
00824GRIFFIN, G.D., ELGIN, J.H., JR. Com parisons of pathology caused by Meloidogyne hapla on alfalfa selections. AbstractJ. Journal of Nematology (1975) 7 (4) 323 [En] USDA, ARS, Crops Res. Lab., Utah State Univ., Logan 84322, USA. Invasion of elodogye hapla larvae of
cuttings of the lucerne selection M-4 from
var. Vernal was 80% compared with 100% for
the susceptible cv. Ranger, and 85% for a
resistant control variety M-9. Soil temper ature had only a slight effec' on invasion
of 3-week-old cuttings. Infection declined
after 6 days when 2-week-old seedlings of
the resistant selection No. 298 were grown
at 20 to 32 C. The resistant line Nev. Syn.
XX contained only occasional larvae after 2
weeks' growth but no sign of attack after 6
weeks.
0825 }{INE., R.B. Root and crown diseases of
alfalfa in the southwest. [Abstract]. In
Twenty-fourth alfalfa improvement confer ence, University of Arizona, Tucson 8-10
October, 1974. Peoria, USA; US Department
of Agriculture. (1975) 16-17 [En] Dep.
Plant Path., Univ. of Arizona, Tucson, USA.
From Plant Breeding Abstracts 46, 1505,
1509.
Mention is made of a new lucerne cultivar
with a high degree of resistance to
Ditylenchus dipsaci.
0826 MILLER, L.I. Susceptibi'ity of Norman
pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) to certain iso lates of Heterodera glycines. [Abstract].
Virginia Journal of Science. (1974) 25, 51
[Eni Virginia Polytechnic Inst. and State
Univ., Blacksburg, Virginia, 24061, USA.
0827 SIURHAN, D. [Investigation of Vicia faba varieties for resistance to stem eelworm (Ditylenchus dipsaci).] Untersuchung von Vicia faba-sorten auf Resistenz gegenuber Stengelalchen (Ditylenchus dipsaci). [27th Int. Sym. Fytofarm. en Fytiat., Gent, 1975. Deal I.]. Mededelingen van de Faculteit Landbouwwetenschappen Rijksuniversiteit Gent (1975) 40 (2, Pt. 1) 443-450 [De; en] Biol. Bundesanstalt, Inst. fur Hackfruchtkrankheiten und Nematodenforschung, Munster, B.R., Germany. Tests were carried out with 7 biological
races and populations of Dttylenchus
di 82ci on 23 varieties of field andbroad
ean Eo determine their susceptibility. 2
of the nematode populations were of the
giant race from Vicia faba in Morocco and
Bavaria. No extensive resistance was found
but there were differences in susceptibili ty and moat varieties were non-hosts of
some nematode populations. Nematode
multiplication was generally less in field
beans than in broad beans. There were
obvious differences in aggressivity and
virulence between the nematode populations.
The rye race was the most aggressive while
the lucerne race reproduced to a limited extent in only some varieties. The giant race from Morocco multiplied in all bean varieties but that from Bavaria failed to
reproduce in 2 varieties.
O828JAMAL, A. Studies on the relationship
between Meloido ye incognita and galling
behaviour of Cicer arietinum roots.
[Correspondence].-Cu-rentScience (1976) 45
(6) 230-231 [En] Phytomedicine Res. Lab.,
Dep. of Botany, Aligarh Muslim Univ.,
Aligarh 202 001, India.
Examination of the roots of one-week-old
Cicer arietinum seedlings inoculated with
TI7W larvae of Meloidogyne 1 nit a showed that larvae enter the root tips
within 3 hours but slight swelling was not
observed until 6 hours after inoculation.
Distinct galls were seen after 24 hours and
were confined to root tips.
0829SINGH, N.D. Evaluation of nematode
population in pigeon pea. In Bird, J.;
aramorosch, K. (Editors) Tropical diseases
of legumes. (xiii + 171 pp). New York, USA;
Academic Press. (1975) 147-149 ISBN
0-12-099950-1 [En, Price E5.25] Dept. of
Crop Science, Univ. of West Indies,
Trinidad, West Indies.
In the West Indies, 3 varieties af
Cajanus catan were sown in plots infested
with various species of plant-parasitic
nematodes. The seeds were sown at distances
apart of 15, 30 or 45 cm and the nematode
populations were assessed 5 months later by
soil sampling. Rotylenchulus reniformis was
found in the greatest numbers and was most
numerous on the variety Trinidad Tall.
Populations of Tylenchorhynchus sp. and
Meloidogyne incognita were not significant-
ly affected by variety or sowing distance.
For all varieties, the numbers of
Foratylchus etpp, R erenumrs ad
Pratylenchus R. _pp., reniformis and
Ifelicotylenchus d were signifi-
cantly lower on plots with plants spaced 30
cm apart, than 15 or 45 cm apart. The
University of West Indies Dwarf variety
supported the largest populations of the
above 3 genera and of M. incognita at a
sowing distance of 157 m. The Indian
variety gave similar results, except for R.
reni formis.
(1976) 60 (3) 197-200 [En] Dep. of Bot. and Plant Path., Iowa State Univ., Ames 5011, USA. In experiments in 1973 and 1974 in Iowa,
USA, various nematicide treatments, using
1,3-D, carbofuran or CGA 12223, were
applied to plots of find sand where the
most important nematode parasites of maize
were Roplolaimus galeatus and Pratylenchus
hexincisus. Numbers of I. glatus were
reduced most by 1,3-D and of P. hexincisus
by carbofuran. The best crop increase and
nematode control were obtained when both
nemoticides were used: increases of 12.7%
and 20.4% above the control were obtained
in 1973 and 1974, respectively. It is
concluded that H. galeatus and P.
hexincisus cause yfeld losses to maize Tn
Iowa.
*0832WALKER, J.T.; MOTSINGER, R.; MELIN, J.
Effects of repeated annual and semi-annual
nematicide applications to centipedegrass.
[Abstracti. Journal of Nematology (1975) 7
(4) 331 [En] Univ. of Georgia, Experiment,
GA 30212, USA.
Although nematode populations
(Criconemoides ornatus was most numerous)
under centipe e grass [Eremochloa
ophiuroidesi were reduced by various
nematicide treatments, the average ratings
of grass coverage and appearance on treated
plots were no different from those on con足 trol plots. This is thought to indicate
that the nematode numbers present are
insufficient to cause damage to centipede
grass.
*0833ELGIN, J.H., JR.; EVANS, D.W.;
FAULKNER, L.R. Factors affecting the
infection of alfalfa seedlings by
Oftylenchus di i Journal of Nematology
M1975T 7-(4 383. [En] Field Crops
[n il rp
Lab., ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA.
In experiments to assess the factors
affecting the invasion of lucerne seedlings
by Ditylenchus dipsaci relevant to tests
for resistance, the authors found that to
confine seedlings and nematodes in small
vials of sand had no advantage over growing
them in sand in metal trays 38 x 54 x 7.5
cm in size; penetration was better in a
very fine sandy-loam soil (particle size
100 to 250 cm) than in fine sand (particles
less than microns); more nematodes invaded
0830HUGHES, R.G. The scope for efficient
pesticide use on oil rape and maize. In
British Insecticide and Fungicide Confer-
ence (8th). Brighton, 17-20 November, 1975.
Proceedings, Volume 3. London, UK; British
seedlings that were not watered immediately
after inoculation than those that were
lightly watered after inoculation; greatest
numbers of nematodes penetrated seedlings
with radicles 0.6 to 1.3 cm long and when
(1975) 1019-1024
the inoculum was placed directly on them
Crop Pro. ection Council. [En,
fri
Agric. Development
and Advisory
Service, Coley Park, Reading, UK.
Although Heterodera avenae populations do
not increase on maize, the nematode can
following
cause poor growth of maize intensive oat or barley production, that
has resulted in increased nematode numbers.
Avoidance of damage by crop rotations
rather than by pesticides is implied. There
is no mention of nematode pests of oil
rape.
0831NORTON, D.C.; HINZ, P. Relationship of Hoplolaimus Saleatus and Pratylenchus hexincisus to reiucton of corn yields in sandy soils in Iowa. Plant Disease Reporter
200
rather than on the soil surface. The
optimum number of nematodes for use in
inoculations is considered to be 50 because
at this inoculum level only 2 of 40 plants
contained fewer than 10 nematodes 7 days
after inoculation.
O834MULK, M.M.; JAIRAJPURI, M.S. Nematodes
of leguminous crops in India. III. Three
new species of Hoplolaimus daday, 1905
(Hoplolaimidae). Indian Journal of
Nematology (1975 publ. 1976) 5 (1) 1-8 [En]
Section of Nematology, Dep. of Zool.,
Aligarh Muslim Univ., Aligarh, India.
}loplolaimus seshadrii n.sp. from soil around roots o--rahis sea from Bundi, Rajasthan, n leimbles H.
minor tendency being noticed. The major tendency showed itself as resistance to the first 3 species of eloidogyne but not to H. hapla, the minor tendency as reduced with coupled resistance to M. b increased resistance to H. Javanica.
columbus but has a differently shaped bibbed head, basal annule of lip region marked with 20 to 22 longitudinal lines, in front of level of excretory pore oesophago-intestinal junction and intestine partially overlapping the rectum. No males n.sp., from soil were found. H *cehalus around root- of CMopsis tetragonolobus from Kota, Rajasthan, is uniqueinhang-a differs from the smooth lip region. It
0838 MINTON,N. A., FORBES,I.& WELLS,
H. D.. 1967. "Susceptibility of potential forage
legumes to Meloidogync species." P1. Dis. Reptr,
51 (12), 1001-1004.
closely related H. indicus by the absence of overlap of intestn over rectum and the absence of lateral fields. H. dimorphicus n.sp. from around roots of Cicer arietinum Nirzapur, and ?haseolus aconitifolius from and A 'r,RaJasthan respectively, U.. differs from the closely related H. indicus essentially in the sexual dimorphTsmT the striation of the basal annule of the lip region. In females the basal annule of the lip region has 18 to 21 longitudinal lines
while the males have only 6.
Inglasshouse experiments high levels of resistance
were obtained for Stizolobium decringianuni to Afeloidogyne incognita incognita, Al. incognitaacria, .l. javanica, Al. arenariaand Al. hapla. 3 Glycine javaaca cultivars were highly resistant to M. ttcgnta incognita, M. incognita acrita, and M. javaca, but susceptible to M. arenaria and &f.hapla. 3 species of Desmodium differed in their response to the 5 nematodes. D. inrortwn was most resistant, D. uncinatwn was ledst resistant, while D. toriuos.en was intermediate. Lupinus angusifoihs entries were severly galled by all 5 nernatode species, while entries of L. albs and L. luteus appeared to have some resistance to one or more nematode species. Stylosanthes humtilis, Indigofera hirsuta, Gajanus cajan, Phaseolus afro足 purpureus, Aeschynonne americana, Alysicarpus vaginalis, and Dolichos lablab showed varying degrees of resistance to one or more nematode species.
0835ADCOCK, R.E. Screening for root-knot nematode resistance in mungbeans. Dissertation Abstracts International (1973) 33B (12) 5614 [Enl None of the Phaseolus aureus strains to appeared to e stant tested Meloidogyne incoit . Plant losses from fungal attacks term inated more than half of the tests but seedlings grown in distilled water
within
plastic
envelopes
were
successfully screened.
[Nematodes associated with 0839 SHARMA, R. D. Nemat6ides graminaceous forage crops in cerrado soils.] associados com gramineas forrageiras en tirea de cerrado. In Resumos do; trabalhos cienificos c Mendes, B. V. (Editor), confErencias, III Reuniao Brasiieira de Nematologia, Sociedade Brasileira de Nematologia et da Escola Superior de Agricultura, Mossor6, 1978. Mossor6, RN, Brazil. (1978) 87 [t Coleq.io Mossorense Vol. 62] EMBRAPA, Centro de lesquisa Agropecuir;a dwoCerrados, Brazil.
0836-CAVENESS, F. E., 1967. "Shadehousc
host ranges of some Nigerian nematodes." - -37. PI.Dis. Reptr, 51 (1), 84 species of plants wcre fo~s:!:-to be beosts to one or more of 30 cpeciLs of plaut-parasitic nematodes tested in Western Region, Nigeria. St.1'losanthes graciliswas resistant or immune to an undescribed species of Pratylenchus.
0840 FREIRE, F.DAS C.0.:PONTE, I J.DA [Roet-knot nematodes, Aleloidogy'e spp., associated with plant paraiitism In the State of Bahia (Brazil).] Nematides das galhas. Meloidogyne spp., aociados so parasitismo de Caren, de planias no Estado da Bahia (liramI). Boletirn .4gronomia (1976) 17, 47..55 [lt. en] Cent. de Pesquisa Agropecutiria do Tr6pico Umido, EMBRAIPA. Belim, Parn. Brazil. In a survey carried out in Bahia. Brazil, 103 wild and cultivated plants were found to be infected %%ith Meloidogyne spp. The species found were M. incognita, M. jaianica.X. thamnesi, Al. arenaria,M. hapla and AL. exigua. M. incognita on 75% of the plants and M. jalanica on 22%. 18 occurred plants are considered to be nev%host records for Meloidogyne spp.
*08371HUTTON, E.M.; WILLIAMS, W.T.; BEALL, Reactions of lines of Phaseolus L.B. atropurpureus to four species of root-ot nematode. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research (1972) 23 (4) 623-632 [En) Div. of Tropical Pastures, CSIRO,
Cunningham Laboratory, St. Lucia, Queesland
4067, Australia.
A comparison of the resistance of 36 to atropurpreus Phaseolus lines of H. incognita, M. Meloidogyne -aren-ari iavanica and H. Phala was made, using F. esculentum as and Lycopersicon lath'ides may be present in all Resstnc controls. lines of P. atropurpureus, a major and a
201
AUTHOR INDEX
Al3D-ELiATIK. 0042 AUDON
A.
A"OSO. J.D1. 0323 0327 0593
GUINEZ. S.
A'OUGOU. 0411
0633
J.
ABIVARJI. C. 0449 0470 0496
ANDERSON. 0251
ACOUL-EID. H.Z. 0434
A4UERSON. M.J. 0374
ABU ELAMAYEH. 0390 ACOSTA. 0117
.M.
J.L.
ANDERSON. R.V. 048B
N.
ANWAR. 0350
S.A.
ADANOVA. A. 0319 0%3
A"T. W.J. 0292 0306
ADCOCK(. 0835
AIA5AKI. 0775
".E
AFANAEYV.
D.I.
ARMSTRONG.
076-1
0168
J.M.
0295
AFOL&t4I. 0333 A!"'AD.
V.
S.C.
ATKINSON. H.J. OObQ
M.
ATWAL.
0243
A.S.
0567
AJRI. D.S. 007i
AUSHER.
AL
ATALA. A. 0757 0762
TAIT. 026,8
B.
ALALYKI;J.
Q.
0548
N.M.
AYOUB.
03pi
S.M.
0790
ALAM. M.M. 0215 0422
AZMI. M.I. 0571
0060
ALDNIC4. D.r.A. 0755 ALEJAP. M. S 0212 0228
DADRA. 0257
T.
ALIEV.
BAJAJ.
H.K.
0099
0355
A.A.
079B ALL.
J.N.
BALDWIN.
0196
0621
J.G.
0629
ALLAM. A.D. 0042
BALTENSPERGE.
ALLRED.
BA"ERJEE. A.K. 0169
0004
K.R.
0653 ALPAT-EV. N.M. 0005 004 0534
0722
202
OANERJEE. 0341
9.
0O.J.
0672
dARBER. 0767
J.
BARCLAY. 0536
.
BOCHOW. 0390
P.C.
H.
BOESSWINKEL. 0122
BARKER. K.R. 0195 0395 0621
H.J.
BOHART. G.E. 0351
0629
ARNES. O.K. 011 0339 0374
E.I.
OLAJI. 0105
IHASIR. H.A. 0T&6
SOLANDER. W.J.4 0632
BASU. S.D. 0341
BOOKBINDER. 0164
B'ALL. 0937
BOOTHROYD. C.W. 0224 0762 0793
VON
J.
UEC'MANN. 0375
0129 BELTG. 0004
V.S. BoS. 0176
J.
BDOWMAN. 0007
P.P.
UEN4ETr. 0054
BOWER. 0109
BERGESUN. G.U. 0197 0425 t.L.
lIAl'UURKAR. 06(17
UHATTI. 0392
D.S.
bIN4 0RA. 0144
O.S.
0670
UrNlGHAR. 0339
DB.
0539 0555
'IATNAGAR. GeC. 0439 0595 0605
BINGEFEJR5.
J.J.
BOYD. F.T.
L.P.
IAaGAVA. 0576
0469
B.M.
BOPAIAH. 0250
P.
BENHRNNGER.
A.
BOON3UANG. 0447
L.B.
.G.
BREWERTON. 0599
0611
0620
BRIDGE. J. 0328 0502
0624
BRIDGER. 0284 RIr*KMAN. 0214
S. 0815
u563 H..
B.A.
H.
BRITAIN. MINISTRY 0285 0529
0820
E.T.
BRITAIN. PLANT BREEDING 0030 01is
UIRCHFIELD. 0315 0589
W째 0726
BID. A.F. 005T 0455
0514 0554
BRITAIN. POTHMSTED EXPF 0055 0200
0752
BROWN. D.E. 0339
0678
BIRD. G.W. OTl
UROWN. 0071
D.S.F.
BIRD. W. 0501
LIROWN. 0354
O.D.R.
BLAKE. C.r. 0398
BRYAN. 0592
H.A.
OLOOM. J.R. 0164 0474
OF AGR
203
URZESKI. 0235
M.W.
BLILDED. A.N.
0027
CIALFANT. R.B.
0477 0547
BUMBIC. K.
0084
CHAMBERS. A.Y.
0400
BJND. C.F.
0727
CHAND.
BUNT. J.A.
0112 0143 0286
CHANG. D.C.N.
0490
oURNETr. P.A.
0148 0159
CHAOMAN. R.A.
0156 0537 0626
SURTON. G.W.
0279 0296 0464
CHAUDHRY. G.O.
0350
DUSBICE, T.H.
0397
CHAUDHRY. N.A.
0350
CAFATI
CHAWLA. M.L.
0053 0402 0667
K..
J.NT.
0541
C.
0338
0742 0763
CHEN. T.
CAMPBELL.
0771 0772
0760
W.F.
0473 0490
0515
0804
CHEN. T.A.
0188
0170
CANADA. DEPARTMENT OF AG
0151
CHEVRES-ROMAN,
R.
057 8
CAPITAIN. P.
0088
CRIARAPPA. L.
0587
CARLSON. I.T.
0339
CHOI. CARTER. 0816
C.R.
y.E.
0598
CARTER. 0615
W.W.
CROMCRALO9W. 0051
CHRISTENSEN. M.J.
0036
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SECTION 2B
List of References to First Records
Sources of root-knot nematode resistance
Phytopathology 44(1): 1-4.
1.
Allard, R. W. 1954. in Lima beans.
2.
Allen, M. W. 1952. Taxonomic status of the bud and leaf
nematodes related to Aphelenchoides fragariae (Ritzema
Bos, 1891). Proc. llelminth. Soc. Wash. 19'2): 108-120.
3.
Amos, A. 1919. The difficulties of growing red clover, clover
and other causes of failure. J. R. Agric.
sickness Soc. 79: 68-88.
4.
Anon. 1935. [Root-knot on Cassia artemesioides]. In: "Diseases of P1. Dis. Reptr. Suppl. plants in the United States in 1933". 86. p 77.
Anon. 1943. [Lespedeza species and root-knot]. In: "Nematology".
5.
Bull. Ga. Cst. Plain Exp. Stn. 36. pp. 112-114.
Can. Insect Pest Rev. 31(6): 283-285.
6.
Anon. 1953.
Nematodes.
7.
Anon. 1955.
New Plant Diseases.
8.
Anon. 1955. Plant parasitic nematodes and nematodes associated with
insects. Can. Insect Pest Rev. 33(7): 316-320.
9.
Anon. 1955. Notes on some nematode occurrences. Can.Insect Pest Rev.
33(9):377-380.
10.
Anon. 1955. Host and suspected host plants of the burrowing nematode
Radopholus similis (Cobb) Thorne. [Appendix to:] Spears, J. F.
1955. Burrowing nematode control. Ann. Rep. 1955. U.S.D.A.
Agric. Res. Service, P1. Pest Control Branch.
11.
Anon. 1956.
12.
Anon. 1956. Notes on nematodes. 335-337.
13.
Anon. 1959.
14.
Anon. 1960. Some records of nematodes encountered in Canada on
native and imported plant material in 1959. Can. Insect Pest
Rev. 37(9): 295-297 [1959 Publ. 1960].
15.
Atkinson, G. F. 1889. A preliminary report upon the life-history and
metamoroses of a root-gall nematode Heterodera radicicola
(Greeff) Will., and the injuries caused by it to the roots of
various plants. Bull. Alapolytech. Inst. n.s. 19.
16.
Ayoub, S. M. 1960. A new host of Pratylenchus coffeae for the United
States. Pl. Dis. Reptr. 44: 755.
New plant diseases.
New plant diseases.
221
Agric. Gaz. N.S.W. 66(11): 604.
Agric. Gaz. N.S.W. 67(3): 139.
Can. Insect Pest Rev. 34(9):
Agric. Gaz.N.S.W. 70(12): 648-650.
17.
Baker, A. D. 1959. Some records of plant parasitic nematodes
encountered in Canada in 1958. Can. Insect Pest Rev. 37(l):
120-122.
18.
Bally, W. & Reydon, G. A. 1931. De tegenwoordige stand van het
vraagstuk van de wortelaalLjes in the koffiecultuur. Arch.
Koffiecult. Ned-Ind. 5(2): 23-216.
19.
Barber, C. A. 1901. A tea-eelworm disease in South India. Dep. Ld. Rec. Agric. Madras 2(45): 227-234.
20.
Baudyvs, E. 1948. Sedmy prispevek k zoocecidiologick9mu prozkoum~ni
Moravy a Sleska. Sb. Vys. Sk. Zemed. Brne No. C43. pp. 64.
21.
Beeley, F. 1939. A nematode pest of roots of cover plants. Inst. Malaya 9(l): 51-58.
22.
Bernard, J. 1958. Recherches sur les plantes hotes d'une souche de
Ditylenchus dipsaci KUhn provenant de l'avoine. Parasitica
14(1): 17--27.
23.
Bessey, E. A. 1911. Root-knot and its control. U.S. Dep. Agric. 217: 89 pp.
24.
Bingefors, S. 1957. Studies on breeding red clover for resistance to
stem nematodes. Vixtodlina 2: 1-123.
25.
Birchfield, W. 1954. The reproduction of Tylenchorhynchus sp. from
sugar-cane soils on different plants. Proc. Ass. Sth. Agric.
Wkrs. 51 Ann. Convention (1954): 152-153.
26.
Birchfield, W. 1956. New and suspected host plants of the burrowing
nematode, Radopholus similis (Cobb) Thorne. Pl. Dis. Reptr.
40(10): 866-868.
27.
Birchfield, W. & Bistline, F. 1956. Cover crops in relation to the
burrowing nematode, Radopholus similis. Pl. Dis. Reptr. 40(5):
398-399.
28.
Birchfield, W. & Brister. L.R. 1962. New hosts and nonhosts of
reniform nematode. Pl. Dis. Reptr. 46: 683-685.
29.
Birchileld, W. & Martin, W. J. 1956. Pathogenicity on sugarcane and
host plant studies of a species of Tylenchorhynchus.
Phytopathology 46(5): 277-280.
30.
Blake, C. D. 1963. Identification and distribution of root knot
nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) in Npw South Wales with special
reference to the Richmond-Tweed region. Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W.
88(3): 373-378.
31.
Bos, J. Ritzema. 1888-92. L'anguillule de la tige (Tylenchus
devastatrix KUhn) et les maladies des plantes dues a ce
n6matode. Arch. Mus. Teyler. Ser. 11, 3(2, 3 & 7).
222
Bull.
J. Rubb.
Bull. Bur. Pl. Ind.
32.
Bos, J. Ritzema. 1912. instituut voor Phytopathologie te Wageningen.
Verslag over onderzoekingen gedaann in/en over inlichtiengen,
gegeven vanwege bovengenoemd instituut in het jaar. 1909. Meded.
LandbHoogesch. Wageningen 5, p. 140.
33.
Bosher, J. E. 1954. Root-lesion nematodes a~sociated with root
decline of small fruits and other crops in British Columbia.
Can. J. Agric. Sci. 34(4): 429-431.
34.
Bouriquet, G. 1946. Les maladies des plantes cultivges a Madagascar.
Paris, Le Chavalier. 538 pp.
35.
Bratley, H. E. 1946. Weeds as a factor in the control of root-knot
in tobacco fields. Press Bull. Fla. Agric. Exp. Stn. 629, 4 pp.
36.
Breda de Haan, J. Van. 1899. Levensgeschiedenis en bestrijding van
het tabaksaaltje (Heterodera radicicola) in Deli. Meded. Lds.
PITuin, Batavia 35.
37.
Brown, E. B. 1957. Lucerne stem eelworm in Great Britain.
Nematologica 2 (Suppl.): 369-375.
38.
Brown, G. L. 1958. Notes on some plant parasitic nematodes
encountered in Canada in 1957. Can Insect Pest Rev. 36(1):
122-123.
39.
Buhrer, E. M. 1938. Additions to the list of plants attacked by the
root knot nematode (Heterodera marioni). Pl. Dis. Reptr.
22(12): 216-234.
40.
Buhrer, E. M., Cooper, C. & Steiner, G. 1933. A list of plants
attacked by the root-knot nematode (Heterodera marioni). P1.
Dis. Reptr. 17 (7): 64-96.
41.
Calvino, E. M. 1950. I nematodi delle piante fiore in Italia.
Annali Sper. Agr. 4(l): 1-25 & 119-142.
42.
Carvalho, J. C. 1951. Nemat61des das ralzes encontrados em Sao
Paulo. Archos Inst. Biol. Def. Agric. Anim. S. Paulo 20:
165-172.
43.
Cassidy, G. H. & Zwaluwenburg, R. H. Van. 1927. Nematodes in
relation to growth failure of sugar cane in Hawaii.
Rep. Hawaiian Sug. Technol. 6: 10-15.
44.
Chapman, R. A. 1957. Species of plant-parasitic nematodes in
Kentucky. Trans. Ky Acad. Sci. 18(4): 70-74.
45.
Chapman, R. A. 1959. Development of Pratylenchus penetrans and
Tylenchorhynchus martini on red clover and alfalfa.
Phytopathology 49(6): 357-359.
46.
Chapman, R. A. 1963. Population development oi the plant parasitic
nematode Scutellonema brachyurum on red clover. Proc.
Helminth. Soc. Wash. 30(2): 233-236.
223
47,
Chiaravalle, P.D. & Stessel. G.J. 1963. Histopathology of
Ditylenchus radicicola in American beachgrass and other hosts.
Phytopathology 53: 872.
48.
Chitwood, B. G. 1949. Root-knot nematodes - Part I. A revision of
the genus Meloidogyne Goeldi, 1887. Proc. Helminth. Soc. Wash.
16(2): 90-104.
49.
Chitwood, B. G. & Toung, Mo-Chu. 1960. Host parasite interacticns of
the asiatic pyroid citrus nema. Pl. Dis. Reptr. 44(11): 848-854.
50.
Christie, J. R. 1952. Ectoparasitic nematodes of plants.
Phytopathology 42(9): 483-484.
51.
Christie, J. R. 1952. Some new ne.natode species of critical
importance to Florida growers. Proc. Soil Sci. Soc. Fla.
12:30-39.
52.
Christie, J. R. 1959. Plant Nematodes. Their bionomics and control.
Gainesville, Fla, Agric. Expt. Stations. Luiv. Fla, 256 pp.
53.
Christie, J. R. & Albin, F. E. 1944. Host-parasite relationships of
the root-knot nematode, Heterodera marioni. I. The question of
races. Proc. Helminth. Soc. Wash. 11(1): 31-37.
54.
Christie, J. R., Brooks, A. N. & Perry, V. G. 1952. The sting
nematode, Belonolaimus gracilis, a parasite of major importance
on strawberries, celery and sweet corn in Florida.
Phytopathology 42(4): 173-176.
55.
Christie, J. R., Good, Jr., J. M. & Nutter, C. C. 1954. Nematodes
associated with injury to turf. Proc. Soil Sci. Soc. Fla. 14,
167- 169.
56.
Christie, J. R. & Perry, V. G. 1951. A root disease of plants caused
by a nematode of the genus Trichodorus. Science, N. Y.
113(2939): 491-493.
57.
Christie, J. R., Perry, V. G. & Wilson, J. W. 1950. Control of
nematodes injurious to vegetable crops. Rep. Fla Agric. Exp.
Stn. 1449-50 pp.144-145.
58.
Cobb, G. S., Steiner, G. & Blanton, F. S. 1934. Observations on the
significance of weeds as carriers of the bulb or stem nematode
in narcissus plantings. Pl. Dis. Reptr. 18(10): 127-129.
59.
Cobb, N. A. 1922. [P. pratensis on Medicago sativa]. J. Parasit.
8(2): p. 95.
60.
Cobb, N. A. 1923. An amendation of Hoplolaimus Daday, 1905 nec
auctores. Contrib. Sci. NematoJ. 13 p. 363-366.
224
61.
Cobb, N. A. 1932. Nematosi3 of a grass of the genus Cynodon caused
by a nema of the genus Tylenchus. Bast. J. Wash. Acad. Sci.
22(6): 243-245.
62.
Coetzee, V. 1956. Meloidogyne acronea, a new species of root-knot
nematode. Nature, Lond. 177(4115): 899-900.
63.
Colbran, R. C. 1955. A preliminary survey of plant nematodes in
Queensland. J. Aust. Inst. Agric. Sci. 21(3): 167-169.
64.
.
1958.
Studies of plant and soil nematodes.
Queensland host records of root-knot nematodes species). Qd. J.Agric. Sci. 15(3): 101-136.
65.
66.
67.
Collins, J. 1930. 55-56.
Report on cover crop breeding.
2.
(Meloidogyne
Pineapple News 4:
1937. Notes on tobacco root-knot nematode. Rhodesia
Agric. J. 34(5): 368-374.
.
938.
Nematode investigations. [In:] Report of the
Tobacco Research Board for the year ending December 31, 1937.
Rhodesia Agric. J. 35(6): 424-451.
68.
Corder, M. N., Buhrer, E. M. & Thorne, G. 1936. A list of plants
attacked by the sugar-beet nematode (Ileterodera schachtii).
Pl. Dis. Reptr. 20(3): 38-47.
69.
Coursen, B. W., Rohde, R. A. & Jenkins, W. R. 1958. Additions to the
host lists of the nematodes Paratylenchus projectus and
Trichodorus christiei. Pl. Dis. Reptr. 42(4): 456-460.
70.
Courtney, W. D. 1933. A new host of Tylenchus dipsaci (KUhn) from
Oregon. J. Parasit. 20(1): 65.
71.
Crossman, L. & Christie, J. R. 1936. A list of plants attacked by
the leaf nematode (Aphelenchoides fragariae). Pl. Dis. Rep -r.
20(10) :155-165.
72.
. 1937.
List of plants attacked by miscellaneous plant
infesting nematodes. Pl. Dis. Reptr. 21(9): 144-167.
73.
Cuellar, S. R. 1960. Phytonematology in Panama and Central America.
Proc. Soil Crop Sci. Soc. Fla. (1959). 19: 430-435.
74.
Darboux, G. & Houard, C. 1901. Catalogue syst~matique des
zooc~cidies de l'Europe et du bassin mediterrangen. Scient. Fr. Bel. 34, xi + 544 pp.
Bull.
75.
Daulton, R. A. 1955. Progress reports on eelworm control
experiments. Rhod. Tob. 11, p. 21-24.
76.
Decker, H. 1960. Die endoparasitischen Wurzelnematoden der Gattung
Pratylenchus als elnheimische Pflanzensch~dlinge. Wiss. Z.
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225
77.
Dewey, W. J. 1940. Het optreden van het stengelaaltje (Tylenchus
dipsaci) in Limburg. Tijdchr. PlZiekt. 46: 194-204.
78.
Edwards, E. E. 1953. The root-knot eelworm on weeds and cultivated
plants in the Cold Coast. J. H1elminth. 27(3/4): 181-184.
79.
. 1955. Further observations on tile occurrence of
nematodes of the genus Meloidogyne in the Gold Coast. J.
Helminth. 29(3): 153足 170.
80.
. 1956. Studics on resistance to the root-knot nematode of genus Meloidogyne Coeldi, 1887. Proc. Helminth. Soc. Wash. 23(2): 112-118.
81.
Edwards, E. T. 1932. Stem nematode disease of lucerne. With review
of literature concerning the causal organism, Tylenchus dispsaci
(K(ihn) Bastian. Agric. Gaz. N.S.W. 43: 305-314, 345-356.
82.
Emden, J. H. Van. 1949. Schade aan thee door |leterodera marioni.
Bergcultures 18(9): 163, 165, 167.
83.
Endo, B. Y. 1959. Responses of root-lesion nematodes, Pratylenchus
brachyurus and P. zeae, to various plants and soil types.
Phytopathology 49(7): 417-421.
84.
Epps, J. M. & Chambers, A. Y. 1958. New host records for Heterodera
glycines, including one host in the Labiatae. Pl. Dis. Reptr.
42 (2): 194.
85.
Fajardo, T. G. & Palo, M. A. 1933. The root-knot nematode,
Heterodera radicicola (Greeff) M1ller, of tomato and other
plants in the Philippine Islands. Philipp. J. Sci. 51(4):
457-484.
86.
Faulkner, L. R. & Darling, H. M. 1961. Pathological histology,
hosts, and culture of Lhu potato rot nematode. Phytopathology
51: 778-786.
87.
Feder, W. A., & Feldmesser, J. 1957. Additions to the host list of
Radopholus similis, the burrowing nematode. Pl. Dis. Reptr.
41(1): 33.
88.
Fielding, M. J. 1956. Tylenchorhynchus martini, a new species found
in sugar-cane and rice fields of Louisiana and Texas. Proc.
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89.
Fischer, M. 1894. Uber eine Clematis-Krankheit. Ber. Physiol. Lab.
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226
91.
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Other titles of interest front C-A11 International ROOT-KNOT NEMATODiES (MELOIDOGYNE SPECIES) Susan It. Jepson
Root-knot nematodes are of major economic importance as plant parasites, predominantly in the
tropics, but also in temperate countries. In most cases the only practical means of control are non足 chemical, involving different cultivation practices for which species identification is essential.
Identification of Aheloidogyne species can be difficult as they are a complex group of organisms
nmorphologically aN in all aspects of their biology.
This book is a fondaintental and essential guide to the identification of 51 Aleloidognyne species. The contents include: (1) methods for the collection and processing of Meloidogyne species ; (2) descriptions of the characters which differentiate species; (3) keys for identification; (4) information on hosts, geographical distribution, field symptoms and cytogenctics; (5) a new diagnosis for the genus and comprehensive list of species; (6) description of two new species. The book is profltIsely illustrated with photographs and original drawitgs. The work i,; the result of seven years research ,ii improved methods for identification of Meloidogyne species, and was guided by the requirements ,t those who have to deal with these parasites at the research, teaching, management and extension levels. ISBN 0 85198 556 4
265 pages.
TYLENCIIII)A: PARASITES OF PLANTS AND INSECTS M.R. Siddiqi *llistorical review techniques *Structure and organization *Economic importance *Tylenchina *Criconcmatina *llexatylina *Myenchina *Comprehensive index of species and genera *lBibliography. The basic text and guide to the identification of the largest and economically most important group of plat-parasitic ntematodes. 1'\'or2- valid genus is illustrated by its type species and there is a complete list of species with synloll mies.
ISBN 0 85198 544 8 645 pages. IIlIMITIOLOGI(;CAL ABSTRACTS - SERIES B: PLANT NEMATOLOGY This quarterly journal covers the world literature on:
*Nejtatodes parasitic in or on plants *Free-living nematodes *Nematodes parasitic in insects or
other artIropodcs.
Aspects itcludinog:
*Morphology *Taxonotny * Pathology *Control *Lifc-history
*Biochemistry *Physiology *Behaviour
*E-cology *Distribution.
ISSN 0300-8320
Ask for more details on these publications and the CAB International Books catalogue from:
C.A- International, Wallingford, Oxon OXIO 8DE, UK. Tel: Wallingford (0491) 32111.