Flowering class: Dicot
Habit: Herb
Distribution notes: Exotic
🗒 Synonyms
| synonym | Cyathophora heterophyla (L.) Raf. |
| synonym | Euphorbia heterophylla var. genuina Boiss., nom. inval. |
| synonym | Poinsettia heterophylla (L.) Klotzsch & Garcke |
| synonym | Tithymalus heterophyllus (L.) Haw. |
🗒 Common Names
| English |
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| Other |
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📚 Overview
Description
Robust annual herbs, glabrous to pilose. Leaves alternate below, opposite above, 4-12 x 0.3-7 cm, broadly ovate, elliptic, obovate, or panduriform, rarely linear, glabrous or pilose, margins entire to coarsely serrate, apex acute, short-acuminate, or short-cuspidate, base rounded to cuneate, green, sometimes floral leaves white or with splotches of purple at base, never red; petioles 1-4 cm long; stipules absent or minute and gland-like. Cyathia in dense terminal cymes; involucre 2-2.5 mm high, glabrous, gland 1, cup-shaped with a circular opening, without an appendage; staminate flowers numerous. Capsules subglobose, 3-4 mm long, glabrous; seeds dark brownish gray to black, sometimes mottled, truncate-ovoid, angled, 2-2.5 mm long, coarsely tuberculate, ecarunculate.
Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
| Attributions | Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Habit: Herb
G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram
| Attributions | G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Nomenclature and Classification
📚 Natural History
Morphology
Field Tips
Upper floral leaves form a green rosette. Presence of milky white latex.
Flower
Cyathia in terminal clusters, greenish yellow. Flowering throughout the year.
Fruit
A capsule. Seeds angled, green. Fruiting throughout the year.
Leaf Apices
Acute
Leaf arrangement
Alternate
Leaf Bases
Acute
Leaf Margins
Entire
Leaf Shapes
Oblanceolate
Leaf Types
Simple
Habit
An erect herb.
Keystone Foundation
| Attributions | Keystone Foundation |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Miscellaneous Details
Notes: Open Localities / Moist Localities, Naturalized, Native of Tropical America
G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram
| Attributions | G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Habitat and Distribution
General Habitat
Weed in waste places and degraded deciduous forests
Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
| Attributions | Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Weed of cultivation in fallow lands. Found along hills, riverbeds above 500m. Native to central America, now a pantropical weed.
Keystone Foundation
| Attributions | Keystone Foundation |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Description
Global Distribution
Native of Central America; now a Pantropical weed
Indian distribution
State - Kerala, District/s: Kottayam, Alappuzha, Pathanamthitta, Idukki, Kollam, Thiruvananthapuram, Malappuram, Kozhikkode, Wayanad, Thrissur, Kannur, Ernakulam, Palakkad
Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
| Attributions | Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Maharashtra: Ahemdnagar, Pune
Karnataka: Dharwar, Mysore
Kerala: Alapuzha, Idukki, Kollam, Kottayam, Kozhikode, Malapuram, Pathanamthitta, Thiruvananthapuram
Tamil Nadu: All districts
G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram
| Attributions | G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Occurrence
No Data
📚 Demography and Conservation
📚 Uses and Management
📚 Information Listing
References
- Flora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. II, 1987
- Euphorbia prunifolia Jacq., Hort. Schoenbr. 3: 15, t. 277. 1798; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 266. 1887.
- Euphorbia heterophylla L., Sp. Pl. 483. 1753; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 1278(894). 1925; Manilal & Sivar., Fl. Calicut 257. 1982; Babu, Fl. Malappuram Dist. 712. 1990; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 414. 1994; Subram., Fl. Thenmala Div. 324. 1995; Sasidh., Fl. Chinnar WLS 282. 1999; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 371. 1998; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 444. 2005; N.P.Balakr. & Chakrab., Fam. Euphorbiaceae India 278. 2007; Sunil & Sivadasan, Fl. Alappuzha Dist. 629. 2009; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 737. 2009.
- Euphorbia geniculata Ortega., Nov. Rar. Pl. Matr. 18.1797; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 1884(1303).1936; Antony, Syst. Stud. Fl. Kottayam Dist. 359. 1989 .
- Poinsettia heterophylla (L.) Klotsch & Garcke, Monatsber Deutsch. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1859: 253. 1859.
Information Listing > References
- Flora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. II, 1987
- Euphorbia prunifolia Jacq., Hort. Schoenbr. 3: 15, t. 277. 1798; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 266. 1887.
- Euphorbia heterophylla L., Sp. Pl. 483. 1753; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 1278(894). 1925; Manilal & Sivar., Fl. Calicut 257. 1982; Babu, Fl. Malappuram Dist. 712. 1990; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 414. 1994; Subram., Fl. Thenmala Div. 324. 1995; Sasidh., Fl. Chinnar WLS 282. 1999; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 371. 1998; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 444. 2005; N.P.Balakr. & Chakrab., Fam. Euphorbiaceae India 278. 2007; Sunil & Sivadasan, Fl. Alappuzha Dist. 629. 2009; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 737. 2009.
- Euphorbia geniculata Ortega., Nov. Rar. Pl. Matr. 18.1797; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 1884(1303).1936; Antony, Syst. Stud. Fl. Kottayam Dist. 359. 1989 .
- Poinsettia heterophylla (L.) Klotsch & Garcke, Monatsber Deutsch. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1859: 253. 1859.
No Data
🐾 Taxonomy
| Root | Root |
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Tracheophyta |
| Class | Equisetopsida C. Agardh |
| Order | Malpighiales Juss. ex Bercht. & J. Presl |
| Family | Euphorbiaceae |
| Genus | Euphorbia |
| Species | Euphorbia heterophylla L. |
📊 Temporal Distribution
📷 Related Observations
