Lantana species are pubescent or glabrous perennial herbs and scandent or erect shrubs. Branches 4 angular. Leaves decussate-opposite or ternate, simple, petiolate, margin dentate or serrate. Inflorescence cylindric spike or head, usually axillary, pedunculate, bracts conspicuous. Flowers sessile, bracts oblong or ovate. Calyx glabrous, membranous, truncate, Corolla hypocrateriform, 5 lobed, yellow, red, purple, white or blue. Stamens 4, didynamous, anthers ovoid. Ovary 2-loculed, 1 ovule in each locule, Style shorter than corolla tube, Stigma subcapitate. Fruit drupaceous with 2 seeded pyrenes.
🗒 Synonyms
| synonym | Camara trifolia (L.) Kuntze |
| synonym | Camara trifolia f. rosea Kuntze |
| synonym | Camara trifolia var. grandifolia Kuntze |
| synonym | Camara trifolia var. indica Kuntze |
| synonym | Camara trifolia var. normalis Kuntze, nom. inval. |
| synonym | Lantana annua L. |
| synonym | Lantana bipinnatifida Sessé & Moc. |
| synonym | Lantana celtidifolia Kunth |
| synonym | Lantana dubia Royle |
| synonym | Lantana gogchana Buch.-Ham. ex Voigt |
| synonym | Lantana maxima f. alba Moldenke |
| synonym | Lantana maxima Hayek |
| synonym | Lantana mearnsii Moldenke |
| synonym | Lantana mearnsii var. congolensis Moldenke |
| synonym | Lantana mearnsii var. punctata Moldenke |
| synonym | Lantana pilosa Kunth |
| synonym | Lantana pittieri Moldenke |
| synonym | Lantana trifolia f. albiflora Moldenke |
| synonym | Lantana trifolia f. brevipes Moldenke |
| synonym | Lantana trifolia f. congolensis (Moldenke) R.Fern. |
| synonym | Lantana trifolia f. hirsuta Moldenke |
| synonym | Lantana trifolia f. oppositifolia Moldenke |
| synonym | Lantana trifolia f. pluripedunculata Moldenke |
| synonym | Lantana trifolia f. rubierensis Moldenke |
| synonym | Lantana trifolia var. geminata Loes. |
| synonym | Lantana trifolia var. quadriverticillata J.Jiménez Alm. |
| synonym | Lantana trifolia var. rigidiuscula Briq. |
| synonym | Lantana trifolia var. vulgata Briq. |
| synonym | Lantana undulata var. saltensis Moldenke |
| synonym | Lippia purpurea Dum.Cours. |
| synonym | Lippia schliebenii Moldenke |
🗒 Common Names
| English |
|
📚 Overview
Summary
Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., UAS & ATREE, Bangalore, India. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
| Attributions | Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., UAS & ATREE, Bangalore, India. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY_NC_SA |
| References |
Description
Shrubs, to 2 m high; branches subterete or acutely 4-angular, densely hirsute-pubescent; internodes 2-10 cm long. Leaves usually ternate, sometimes opposite, lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate, cuneate to attenuate or subcordate at base, decurrent into petiole, crenate-serrate along margins, acute or acuminate at apex, 5-9 x 3-6 cm, membranous, dark green rugose scabrous pubescent above, paler pubescent beneath; lateral nerves 6-8 pairs, obscure above, distinct beneath; petioles slender, ca 2.5 cm long, densely pubescent. Spikes axillary, subcapitate when young, cylindric elongate when mature, ca 3 x 1 cm; peduncles slender, 5-6 cm long, 1 or 2 per node, hirsute-pubescent; bracts lanceolate, entire-ciliate along margins, cuspidate at apex, ca 1.5 x 0.3 cm, pubescent. Flowers sessile. Calyx cupular, ca 1.5 x 1 mm, obscurely 5-toothed, membranous, pubescent outside. Corolla hypocrateriform, 2-lipped, 5-lobed, light blue or violet; upper lip 2-lobed; lobes suborbicular, ca 2 x 1.5 mm; lower lip 3-lobed; midlobe suborbicular, ca 2 x 1.5 mm; lateral lobes medium, obtuse, ca 1 x 1 mm; tube narrow, ca 7 x 1 mm, glabrous, pubescent above middle outside. Stamens 4, didynamous; filaments filiform, ca 3 mm long; anthers ovoid or oblong, ca 1 mm long, basifixed. Ovary subglobose, ca 1 x 0.8 mm; style stout, ca 1 mm long; stigma subcapitate. Drupes globose, ca 3 mm, purple; endocarp hard, splitting into 2 pyrenes.
Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
| Attributions | Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Habit: Undershrub
G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram
| Attributions | G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Nomenclature and Classification
References
Sp. Pl. 2: 626. 1753
Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., UAS & ATREE, Bangalore, India. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
| Attributions | Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., UAS & ATREE, Bangalore, India. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY_NC_SA |
| References |
No Data
📚 Natural History
Reproduction
Lantana species flowers are bisexual, i.e., with functional male (androecium) and female (gynoecium), including stamens, carpels and ovary. Pollination is entomophilous i.e., by insects. Flowering/Fruiting: June-February.
Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., UAS & ATREE, Bangalore, India. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
| Attributions | Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., UAS & ATREE, Bangalore, India. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY_NC_SA |
| References |
Dispersal
Seeds dispersed by barochory i.e., gravitational dispersal, anemochory i.e., wind dispersal., endozoochory i.e., dispersal by birds and animals internally, epizoochory i.e., dispersal by animals externally, anthropochory i.e., dispersal by humans.
Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., UAS & ATREE, Bangalore, India. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
| Attributions | Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., UAS & ATREE, Bangalore, India. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY_NC_SA |
| References |
Morphology
Shrub about 3-6 ft tall. Branchlets pubescent, densely hirsute, subterete or 4-angular. Leaves opposite, usually ternate, elliptic to lanceolate, 5-10 x 3-6 cm across, base subcordate or cuneate, margin serrate-crenate, apex acuminate to acute, chartaceous, scabrous, rugose dark green, pubescent above, green pubescent beneath, lateral veins 5-8 on either side of the midvein, Petiole about 1-2.5 cm long, exstipulate. Inflorescence axillary spike, subcapitate when young, elongate cylindric when matured, Peduncles 4-6 cm long, slender, hairy-pubescent, bracts lanceolate, ciliate along the margins, apex cuspidate, pubescent. Flowers sessile, light violet or blue, Calyx cupulat about 1 x 1.5mm, unequally 5 toothed, membranous, pubescent. Corolla hypocrateriform 5 lobed, light blue or violet, lobes suborbicular, upper lip 2 lobed, lower lip 3 lobed, glabrous, pubescent, Stamens 4 didynamous, filaments filiform about 3 mm long, anther oblong, basifixed, Ovary subglobose, Style stout, Stigma subcapitate, Fruit drupe globose, bright pinkish purple.
Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., UAS & ATREE, Bangalore, India. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
| Attributions | Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., UAS & ATREE, Bangalore, India. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY_NC_SA |
| References |
Diseases
Susceptible to insect pests.
Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., UAS & ATREE, Bangalore, India. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
| Attributions | Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., UAS & ATREE, Bangalore, India. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY_NC_SA |
| References |
Miscellaneous Details
Notes: Western Ghats, Cultivated/ Naturalized, Native of Tropical America
G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram
| Attributions | G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Habitat and Distribution
General Habitat
Grown as ornamental plant
Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
| Attributions | Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Degraded forests and near cultivated fields, Native to Central America.
Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., UAS & ATREE, Bangalore, India. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
| Attributions | Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., UAS & ATREE, Bangalore, India. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY_NC_SA |
| References |
Description
Global Distribution
Native of Tropical America, widely introduced elsewere
Indian distribution
State - Kerala, District/s: Kollam
Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
| Attributions | Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Kerala: All districts
Tamil Nadu: Nilgiri, Theni, Tirunelveli
G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram
| Attributions | G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Local Distribution: Andaman & Nicobar Islands, Bihar, Maharashtra, Punjab, Tamil Nadu.
Global Distribution: Asia: India; Africa: Angola, Benin, Burundi, Gabon, Kenya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, Rwanda, Somalia, Togo, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe; Europe; North America; Bahamas, Belize, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Nicaragua, Panama, Puerto Rico, St. Vincent and Grenadines; South America: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guatemala, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Venezuela.
Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., UAS & ATREE, Bangalore, India. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
| Attributions | Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., UAS & ATREE, Bangalore, India. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY_NC_SA |
| References |
No Data
📚 Occurrence
No Data
📚 Demography and Conservation
📚 Uses and Management
Uses
Leaves used as medicine. Used as ornamental.
Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., UAS & ATREE, Bangalore, India. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
| Attributions | Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., UAS & ATREE, Bangalore, India. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY_NC_SA |
| References |
No Data
📚 Information Listing
The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (IUCN)
Not evaluated (IUCN).
Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., UAS & ATREE, Bangalore, India. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
| Attributions | Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., UAS & ATREE, Bangalore, India. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY_NC_SA |
| References |
References
- Flora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. II, 1987; Rajendran & Daniel 2002
- Lantana trifolia L., Sp. Pl. 626. 1753; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 4: 563. 1885; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 1087(761). 1924; Rajendran & Daniel, Indian Verbenaceae 189. 2002.
- Tropicos, botanical information system at the Missouri Botanical Garden - www.tropicos.org. URL: http://www.tropicos.org/Name/33700511 ;The International Plant Names Index (2012). Published on the Internet http://www.ipni.org. URL: http://www.ipni.org/ipni/simplePlantNameSearch.do?find_wholeName=Lantana+trifolia&output_format=normal&query_type=by_query&back_page=query_ipni.html ;The Plant List (2010). Version 1. Published on the Internet; http://www.theplantlist.org/ URL: http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl/record/kew-108312 ;Linnaean Plant Name Typification Project. URL: http://www.nhm.ac.uk/research-curation/research/projects/linnaean-typification/database/detail.dsml?ID=495600&listPageURL=list%2edsml%3fVarqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26CVarqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26CGenusqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26CSpeciesqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26sort%3dGenus%252cSpecies%26Speciesqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26Genus%3dLantana%26Genusqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26CSspqtype%3dstarts%2bwith ;Harvard University Herbaria, Publication and Botanist databases (HUH) © 2001 - 2013 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College. ;Birgitta Bremer et. al. (2009): An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III. From Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 105-121. ;Mark W. chase and James L. Reveal (2009): A Phylogenetic classification of the land plants to accompany APG III. From Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 122-127. ;Hooker, J. D., (1885) Flora of British India. Reprint by Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Publishers, Dehra Dun. 4: 563. ;Rajendran, A. & Daniel, P. (2002) The Indian Verbenaceae. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Publishers, Dehra Dun 189-192. ;Encyclopedia of Life. Available from http://www.eol.org. Accessed 15 Jan 2012. ;IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2. . Downloaded on 9 May 2013. ;Plant sexual morphology. (2013, February 20). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 10:31, February 21, 2013, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Plant_sexual_morphology&oldid=539322400 ;
- Tropicos, botanical information system at the Missouri Botanical Garden - www.tropicos.org. URL: http://www.tropicos.org/Name/33700511 ;The International Plant Names Index (2012). Published on the Internet http://www.ipni.org. URL: http://www.ipni.org/ipni/simplePlantNameSearch.do?find_wholeName=Lantana+trifolia&output_format=normal&query_type=by_query&back_page=query_ipni.html ;The Plant List (2010). Version 1. Published on the Internet; http://www.theplantlist.org/ URL: http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl/record/kew-108312 ;Linnaean Plant Name Typification Project. URL: http://www.nhm.ac.uk/research-curation/research/projects/linnaean-typification/database/detail.dsml?ID=495600&listPageURL=list%2edsml%3fVarqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26CVarqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26CGenusqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26CSpeciesqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26sort%3dGenus%252cSpecies%26Speciesqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26Genus%3dLantana%26Genusqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26CSspqtype%3dstarts%2bwith ;Harvard University Herbaria, Publication and Botanist databases (HUH) © 2001 - 2013 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College. ;Birgitta Bremer et. al. (2009): An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III. From Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 105-121. ;Mark W. chase and James L. Reveal (2009): A Phylogenetic classification of the land plants to accompany APG III. From Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 122-127. ;Hooker, J. D., (1885) Flora of British India. Reprint by Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Publishers, Dehra Dun. 4: 563. ;Rajendran, A. & Daniel, P. (2002) The Indian Verbenaceae. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Publishers, Dehra Dun 189-192. ;Encyclopedia of Life. Available from http://www.eol.org. Accessed 15 Jan 2012. ;IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2. . Downloaded on 9 May 2013. ;Plant sexual morphology. (2013, February 20). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 10:31, February 21, 2013, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Plant_sexual_morphology&oldid=539322400 ;
Information Listing > References
- Flora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. II, 1987; Rajendran & Daniel 2002
- Lantana trifolia L., Sp. Pl. 626. 1753; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 4: 563. 1885; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 1087(761). 1924; Rajendran & Daniel, Indian Verbenaceae 189. 2002.
- Tropicos, botanical information system at the Missouri Botanical Garden - www.tropicos.org. URL: http://www.tropicos.org/Name/33700511 ;The International Plant Names Index (2012). Published on the Internet http://www.ipni.org. URL: http://www.ipni.org/ipni/simplePlantNameSearch.do?find_wholeName=Lantana+trifolia&output_format=normal&query_type=by_query&back_page=query_ipni.html ;The Plant List (2010). Version 1. Published on the Internet; http://www.theplantlist.org/ URL: http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl/record/kew-108312 ;Linnaean Plant Name Typification Project. URL: http://www.nhm.ac.uk/research-curation/research/projects/linnaean-typification/database/detail.dsml?ID=495600&listPageURL=list%2edsml%3fVarqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26CVarqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26CGenusqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26CSpeciesqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26sort%3dGenus%252cSpecies%26Speciesqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26Genus%3dLantana%26Genusqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26CSspqtype%3dstarts%2bwith ;Harvard University Herbaria, Publication and Botanist databases (HUH) © 2001 - 2013 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College. ;Birgitta Bremer et. al. (2009): An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III. From Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 105-121. ;Mark W. chase and James L. Reveal (2009): A Phylogenetic classification of the land plants to accompany APG III. From Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 122-127. ;Hooker, J. D., (1885) Flora of British India. Reprint by Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Publishers, Dehra Dun. 4: 563. ;Rajendran, A. & Daniel, P. (2002) The Indian Verbenaceae. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Publishers, Dehra Dun 189-192. ;Encyclopedia of Life. Available from http://www.eol.org. Accessed 15 Jan 2012. ;IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2. . Downloaded on 9 May 2013. ;Plant sexual morphology. (2013, February 20). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 10:31, February 21, 2013, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Plant_sexual_morphology&oldid=539322400 ;
- Tropicos, botanical information system at the Missouri Botanical Garden - www.tropicos.org. URL: http://www.tropicos.org/Name/33700511 ;The International Plant Names Index (2012). Published on the Internet http://www.ipni.org. URL: http://www.ipni.org/ipni/simplePlantNameSearch.do?find_wholeName=Lantana+trifolia&output_format=normal&query_type=by_query&back_page=query_ipni.html ;The Plant List (2010). Version 1. Published on the Internet; http://www.theplantlist.org/ URL: http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl/record/kew-108312 ;Linnaean Plant Name Typification Project. URL: http://www.nhm.ac.uk/research-curation/research/projects/linnaean-typification/database/detail.dsml?ID=495600&listPageURL=list%2edsml%3fVarqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26CVarqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26CGenusqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26CSpeciesqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26sort%3dGenus%252cSpecies%26Speciesqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26Genus%3dLantana%26Genusqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26CSspqtype%3dstarts%2bwith ;Harvard University Herbaria, Publication and Botanist databases (HUH) © 2001 - 2013 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College. ;Birgitta Bremer et. al. (2009): An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III. From Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 105-121. ;Mark W. chase and James L. Reveal (2009): A Phylogenetic classification of the land plants to accompany APG III. From Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 122-127. ;Hooker, J. D., (1885) Flora of British India. Reprint by Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Publishers, Dehra Dun. 4: 563. ;Rajendran, A. & Daniel, P. (2002) The Indian Verbenaceae. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Publishers, Dehra Dun 189-192. ;Encyclopedia of Life. Available from http://www.eol.org. Accessed 15 Jan 2012. ;IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2. . Downloaded on 9 May 2013. ;Plant sexual morphology. (2013, February 20). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 10:31, February 21, 2013, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Plant_sexual_morphology&oldid=539322400 ;
No Data
🐾 Taxonomy
| Root | Root |
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Tracheophyta |
| Class | Magnoliopsida |
| Order | Lamiales |
| Family | Verbenaceae |
| Genus | Lantana |
| Species | Lantana trifolia L. |
📊 Temporal Distribution
📷 Related Observations
