Shrub/ Small tree
🗒 Synonyms
| synonym | Cassia alata L. |
| synonym | Cassia alata var. perennis Pamp. |
| synonym | Cassia alata var. rumphiana DC. |
| synonym | Cassia bracteata L.f. |
| synonym | Cassia herpetica Jacq. |
| synonym | Cassia rumphiana (DC.)Bojer |
| synonym | Herpetica alata (L.)Raf. |
🗒 Common Names
| Assamese |
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| English |
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| Malayalam |
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| Other |
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📚 Overview
Diagnostic Keys
A large spreading shrubs
Sanjib Barua
| Attributions | Sanjib Barua |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Description
Erect shrubs to 4 m tall. Leaves 28-60 cm long; leaflets 6-12 pairs, 4-13 x 2-6 cm, oblong to obovate-oblong, base rounded to subcordate, apex rounded; stipules 1-2 cm long, deltoid, base auriculate, apex acute to acuminate. Inflorescence terminal or axillary, many-flowered spicate raceme, 40-60 cm long. Flowers yellow; pedicels 4-8 mm long; bracts petaloid, yellow, 1-2 cm long, ovate-elliptic, subacute. Sepals 1-1.5 cm long, yellow. Petals yellow, 1.5-2 cm long, obovate. Stamens 10, anthers 2 large, 5 medium-sized, and 3 small. Pods 9-14 x 1.5-2 cm, linear, 4-winged, septate, dehiscent. Seeds many, 5-7 x 4-5 mm, rhomboid, compressed, dark brown.
Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
| Attributions | Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Nomenclature and Classification
📚 Natural History
Life Cycle
1 -2 years
Sanjib Barua
| Attributions | Sanjib Barua |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Cyclicity
Flowering and fruiting: September-January
Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
| Attributions | Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Sporophytic
Sanjib Barua
| Attributions | Sanjib Barua |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Reproduction
Seeds
Sanjib Barua
| Attributions | Sanjib Barua |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Life Expectancy
1-2 years
Sanjib Barua
| Attributions | Sanjib Barua |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Morphology
A large spreading shrubs usually growing 150-200 cm tall, Stem thick, upright, erect and occasionally branched. Leaves pinnate compound, are alternately arranged along the stems, 5-10×2-2.5 in sizes, petioles 2-4 cm long and have 8-14 pairs of large leaflets, oblong, egg shaped outline, margin entire, pubescent, slightly rounded tip. Inflorescence raceme, long, stout, spiciform. Flowers golden yellow borne in elongated clusters about 15-30 cm long at the tip of the stem, individual flowers are 3-4cm born on short stalk. Sepals 5, 2-3cm×1-2cm, polysepalous. Petals 5, 2cm×2.5 cm. Stamen 10, two stamen with relatively large elongated anther (1.5cm), 3 staminoids ( 0.7cm). Carpel 1, monocarpellary. Fruits large and elongated pods, (12-25 cm long and 8-20 mm in wide) dark brown to black in colour when matures, numerous seeds, flattened.
Sanjib Barua
| Attributions | Sanjib Barua |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Habitat and Distribution
General Habitat
Plain areas
Along riversides and margins of ponds
Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
| Attributions | Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Common in roadside
Sanjib Barua
| Attributions | Sanjib Barua |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Description
Global Distribution
India: Assam, Kerala, Uttar Pradesh; West Indies, Tropical America, South America
Indian Distribution
Bongaigaon, Barak Valley, Sivasagar, Lakhimpur, Goalpara
Global Distribution
Pantropical
Indian distribution
State - Kerala, District/s: All Districts
Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
| Attributions | Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Global Distribution
Cosmopolitan in the tropic and native to Asia, India, North-east.
Local Distribution
Common in Assam
Sanjib Barua
| Attributions | Sanjib Barua |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Occurrence
No Data
📚 Demography and Conservation
Risk Statement
Not at risk
Sanjib Barua
| Attributions | Sanjib Barua |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Protection Legal Status
Common in grassland and wastelands
Sanjib Barua
| Attributions | Sanjib Barua |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Uses and Management
Uses
Medicinal
Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
| Attributions | Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
• Used for the treatment of ringworm and skin diseases.
• Used to treat a wide range of ailment from stomach problems, fever, asthma and snake bite.
Sanjib Barua
| Attributions | Sanjib Barua |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Information Listing
References
- Cassia alata L., Sp. Pl. 378. 1753; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 2: 264. 1878; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 404(286). 1919; Manilal & Sivar., Fl. Calicut 96. 1982; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 162. 1984; Antony, Syst. Stud. Fl. Kottayam Dist. 143. 1989; Ansari, Fl. Kasaragod Div. 143. 1985; Sanjappa, Legumes Ind. 14. 1992; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 164. 1994; Subram., Fl. Thenmala Div. 117. 1995; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 232. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 121. 1998; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 197. 2005; Sunil & Sivadasan, Fl. Alappuzha Dist. 253. 2009.
- Senna alata (L.) Roxb., Fl. Ind. 2: 349. 1832; V. Singh, Monogr. Indian Subtribe Cassiinae 99. 2001.
Information Listing > References
- Cassia alata L., Sp. Pl. 378. 1753; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 2: 264. 1878; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 404(286). 1919; Manilal & Sivar., Fl. Calicut 96. 1982; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 162. 1984; Antony, Syst. Stud. Fl. Kottayam Dist. 143. 1989; Ansari, Fl. Kasaragod Div. 143. 1985; Sanjappa, Legumes Ind. 14. 1992; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 164. 1994; Subram., Fl. Thenmala Div. 117. 1995; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 232. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 121. 1998; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 197. 2005; Sunil & Sivadasan, Fl. Alappuzha Dist. 253. 2009.
- Senna alata (L.) Roxb., Fl. Ind. 2: 349. 1832; V. Singh, Monogr. Indian Subtribe Cassiinae 99. 2001.
No Data
🐾 Taxonomy
| Root | Root |
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Tracheophyta |
| Class | Equisetopsida C. Agardh |
| Order | Fabales |
| Family | Fabaceae |
| Genus | Senna |
| Species | Senna alata (L.) Roxb. |
📊 Temporal Distribution
📷 Related Observations
