Dowload the complete checklist in Adobe pdf format - Arthur Haines
Dowload the complete checklist in Adobe pdf format - Arthur Haines
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Lycophytes<br />
Huperziaceae<br />
Huperzia appressa (Desv.) A. & D.<br />
Löve<br />
Huperzia appalachiana Beitel & Mickel;<br />
Huperzia selago (L.) Schrank & Mart. ssp.<br />
appressa (Desv.) D. Löve; Lycopodium selago<br />
L. var. appressum Desv.; Lycopodium selago L.<br />
ssp. appressum (Desv.) Hultén; Urostachys<br />
selago (L.) Herter var. appressus (Desv.) Herter<br />
Huperzia ×buttersii (Abbe) Kartesz<br />
Ness<br />
Huperzia lucidula × H. selago ; Lycopodium<br />
& Gandhi<br />
×buttersii Abbe<br />
Huperzia ×josephbeitelii A. Ha<strong>in</strong>es Huperzia appressa × H. selago ; Huperzia<br />
×beitelii A. Ha<strong>in</strong>es, not Øllgaard<br />
Huperzia lucidula (Michx.) Trevisan Lycopodium lucidulum Michx.; Urostachys<br />
lucidulus (Michx.) Ness.<br />
Huperzia ×protoporophila A. Ha<strong>in</strong>es Huperzia appressa × H. lucidula<br />
firmoss family<br />
mounta<strong>in</strong> firmoss<br />
sh<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g firmoss<br />
Huperzia selago (L.) Bernh. ex<br />
Schrank & Mart.<br />
Isoetaceae<br />
Lycopodium selago L.; Lycopodium selago L.<br />
var. patens (Beauv.) Desv.; Plananthus<br />
selago (L.) Beauv.; Urostachys selago (L.)<br />
Herter<br />
nor<strong>the</strong>rn firmoss<br />
quillwort family<br />
Isoetes acadiensis Kott<br />
Acadian quillwort<br />
Isoetes ×brittonii D.F. Brunton & Isoetes engelmannii × I. riparia<br />
W.C. Taylor<br />
Isoetes ×dodgei A.A. Eat. Isoetes ech<strong>in</strong>ospora × I. riparia<br />
Isoetes ×eatonii Dodge Isoetes ech<strong>in</strong>ospora × I. engelmannii<br />
Isoetes ech<strong>in</strong>ospora Durieu ssp. Isoetes braunii Durieu; Isoetes ech<strong>in</strong>ospora sp<strong>in</strong>y-spored quillwort<br />
muricata (Durieu) A. & D. Löve var. braunii (Durieu) Engelm.; Isoetes muricata<br />
Durieu<br />
Isoetes ×echtuckerii D.F. Brunton & Isoetes ech<strong>in</strong>ospora × I. tuckermanii<br />
D.M. Britt.<br />
Isoetes engelmannii A. Braun<br />
Engelmann's quillwort<br />
Isoetes ×foveolata A.A. Eat. ex Isoetes engelmannii × I. tuckermanii<br />
Dodge<br />
Isoetes ×harveyi A.A. Eat.<br />
Isoetes lacustris × I. tuckermanii<br />
Isoetes hieroglyphica A.A. Eat. Isoetes lacustris forma hieroglyphica (A.A. carved quillwort<br />
Eat.) N.E. Pfeiff.<br />
Isoetes lacustris L. Isoetes macrospora Durieu lake quillwort<br />
Isoetes ×novae-angliae D.F. Brunton Isoetes canadensis × I. tuckermanii<br />
& D.M. Britt.<br />
Isoetes prototypus D.M. Britt.<br />
prototype quillwort<br />
Isoetes riparia Engelm. ex A. Braun Isoetes canadensis (Engelm.) A.A. Eat. ex Canada shore quillwort<br />
var. canadensis Engelm. ex N.E. Maxon, an illegitimate name<br />
Pfeiff.<br />
Isoetes tuckermanii A. Braun ex<br />
Tuckerman's quillwort<br />
Engelm.<br />
Lycopodiaceae<br />
clubmoss family
Dendrolycopodium dendroideum<br />
(Michx.) A. Ha<strong>in</strong>es<br />
Dendrolycopodium dendroidum × D.<br />
hickeyi<br />
Dendrolycopodium dendroidum × D.<br />
obscurum<br />
Dendrolycopodium hickeyi (W.H.<br />
Wagner, Beitel, & Moran) A. Ha<strong>in</strong>es<br />
Dendrolycopodium hickeyi × D.<br />
obscurum<br />
Dendrolycopodium obscurum (L.) A.<br />
Ha<strong>in</strong>es<br />
Diphasiastrum complanatum (L.)<br />
Holub<br />
Diphasiastrum digitatum (Dill. ex A.<br />
Braun) Holub<br />
Lycopodium dendroideum Michx.; Lycopodium prickly tree-clubmoss<br />
obscurum L. var. dendroideum (Michx.) D.C.<br />
Eat.; Lycopodium obscurum L. var. hybridum<br />
Farw<br />
Lycopodium hickeyi W.H. Wagner, Beitel, & Hickey's tree-clubmoss<br />
Moran; Lycopodium obscurum L. var.<br />
isophyllum Hickey<br />
Lycopodium obscurum L. flat-branched tree-clubmoss<br />
Diphasium complanatum (L.) Rothm.; nor<strong>the</strong>rn ground-cedar<br />
Lycopodium complanatum L.; Lycopodium<br />
complanatum L. var. canadense Vict.<br />
Diphasium flabelliforme (Fern.) Blanch.; sou<strong>the</strong>rn ground-cedar<br />
Lycopodium complanatum L. var. flabelliforme<br />
Fern.; Lycopodium digitatum Dill. ex A. Braun;<br />
Lycopodium flabelliforme (Fern.) Blanch.<br />
Diphasiastrum ×habereri (House)<br />
Holub<br />
Diphasiastrum digitatum × D. tristachyum ;<br />
Lycopodium complanatum L. var. habereri<br />
(House) Boiv<strong>in</strong>; Lycopodium ×habereri House<br />
Diphasiastrum ×issleri (Rouy) Holub Diphasiastrum alp<strong>in</strong>um (L.) Holub × D.<br />
complanatum ; Lycopodium alp<strong>in</strong>um L. ssp.<br />
issleri (Rouy) Chassagne; Lycopodium ×issleri<br />
Diphasiastrum ×sab<strong>in</strong>ifolium<br />
(Willd.) Holub<br />
Diphasiastrum sitchense (Rupr.)<br />
Holub<br />
Diphasiastrum tristachyum (Pursh)<br />
Holub<br />
Diphasiastrum ×verecundum A.V.<br />
Gilman<br />
Diphasiastrum ×zeilleri (Rouy)<br />
Holub<br />
Rouy<br />
Diphasiastrum sitchense × D. tristachyum ;<br />
Lycopodium sab<strong>in</strong>ifolium Willd.<br />
Diphasium sitchense (Rupr.) A. & D. Löve;<br />
Lycopodium sab<strong>in</strong>ifolium var. sitchense (Rupr.)<br />
Fern.; Lycopodium sitchense Rupr.<br />
Diphasium tristachyum (Pursh) Rothm.;<br />
Lycopodium chamaecyparissus A. Br. ex Mutel;<br />
Lycopodium tristachyum Pursh<br />
Diphasiastrum complanatum × D. digitatum<br />
Diphasiastrum complanatum × D.<br />
tristachyum ; Lycopodium complanatum L. var.<br />
elongatum Vict.; Lycopodium ×zeilleri Rouy<br />
Sitka ground-cedar<br />
blue ground-cedar<br />
Lycopodiella alopecuroides<br />
Cranfill<br />
(L.)<br />
Lepidotis alopecuroides (L.) Rothm.;<br />
Lycopodium alopecuroides L.<br />
foxtail bog-clubmoss
Lycopodiella appressa<br />
Cranfill<br />
(Chapman)<br />
Lycopodiella bigelovii (Tuckerman) Holub;<br />
Lycopodium appressum (Chapman) Lloyd &<br />
Underwood; Lycopodium <strong>in</strong>undatum L. var.<br />
appressum Chapman; Lycopodium <strong>in</strong>undatum<br />
appressed bog-clubmoss<br />
var bigelovii Tuckerman<br />
Lycopodiella ×copelandii (Eig.) Lycopodiella alopecuroides × L. appressa ;<br />
Cranfill<br />
Lycopodium ×copelandii Eig.<br />
Lycopodiella ×gilmanii A. Ha<strong>in</strong>es Lycopodiella appressa × L. <strong>in</strong>undata<br />
Lycopodiella <strong>in</strong>undata (L.) Holub Lepidotis <strong>in</strong>undata (L.) Opiz; Lycopodium nor<strong>the</strong>rn bog-clubmoss<br />
<strong>in</strong>undatum L.<br />
Lycopodiella ×robusta (R.J. Eat.) A. Lycopodiella alopecuroides × L. <strong>in</strong>undata ;<br />
Ha<strong>in</strong>es<br />
Lycopodium <strong>in</strong>undatum L. var. robustum R.J.<br />
Eat.<br />
Lycopodium clavatum L. Lycopodium clavatum var. subremotum Vict. common clubmoss<br />
Lycopodium lagopus (Laestad. ex Lycopodium clavatum ssp. monostachyon one-cone clubmoss<br />
Hartm.) Z<strong>in</strong>serl. ex Kuzen.<br />
(Hook. & Grev.) Selander; Lycopodium<br />
clavatum var. lagopus Laestad. ex Hartm.;<br />
Lycopodium clavatum var. megastachyon Fern.<br />
& Bissell; Lycopodium clavatum var.<br />
monostachyon Grev & Hook<br />
Pseudolycopodiella carol<strong>in</strong>iana (L.) Lycopodiella carol<strong>in</strong>iana (L.) Pichi-Sermolli; slender false bog-clubmoss<br />
Holub<br />
Lycopodium carol<strong>in</strong>ianum L.<br />
Sp<strong>in</strong>ulum annot<strong>in</strong>um (L.) A. Ha<strong>in</strong>es Lycopodium annot<strong>in</strong>um L. var. acrifolium Fern. common <strong>in</strong>terrupted-clubmoss<br />
Sp<strong>in</strong>ulum annot<strong>in</strong>um × S. canadense<br />
Sp<strong>in</strong>ulum canadense (Ness.) A.<br />
Ha<strong>in</strong>es<br />
Selag<strong>in</strong>ellaceae<br />
Lycopodium annot<strong>in</strong>um L. var.<br />
montanum Tuckerman; Lycopodium annot<strong>in</strong>um<br />
L. ssp. pungens Hultén; Lycopodium<br />
annot<strong>in</strong>um L. var. pungens La Pylaie ex Desv.;<br />
Lycopodium canadense Ness.; Lycopodium<br />
dubium , of authors not Zoega (1772);<br />
Lycopodium pungens La Pylaie ex Ilj<strong>in</strong> <strong>in</strong><br />
K<br />
Selag<strong>in</strong>ella apoda (L.) C. Morren Lycopodioides apoda (L.) Kuntze; Lycopodium<br />
apodum L.<br />
Selag<strong>in</strong>ella eclipes W.R. Buck Selag<strong>in</strong>ella apoda ssp. eclipes (W.R. Buck)<br />
Skoda<br />
Selag<strong>in</strong>ella rupestris (L.) Spr<strong>in</strong>g Bryodesma rupestre (L.) Soják; Lycopodium<br />
rupestre L.<br />
Selag<strong>in</strong>ella selag<strong>in</strong>oides (L.) Beauv. Lycopodium selag<strong>in</strong>oides L.; Selag<strong>in</strong>ella<br />
ex Mart. & Schrank<br />
sp<strong>in</strong>osa Beauv.<br />
Monilophytes<br />
Aspleniaceae<br />
Asplenium ×clermontae Syme Asplenium ruta-muraria × A. trichomanes<br />
Asplenium ×ebenoides R.R. Scott Asplenium platyneuron × A. rhizophyllum<br />
Asplenium montanum Willd.<br />
Asplenium platyneuron (L.) Britton Asplenium platyneuron var. <strong>in</strong>cisum (Howe ex<br />
Peck) B.L. Rob<strong>in</strong>s.<br />
nor<strong>the</strong>rn <strong>in</strong>terrupted-clubmoss<br />
spikemoss family<br />
meadow spikemoss<br />
hidden spikemoss<br />
ledge spikemoss<br />
nor<strong>the</strong>rn spikemoss<br />
spleenwort family<br />
mounta<strong>in</strong> spleenwort<br />
ebony spleenwort
Asplenium rhizophyllum L. Camptosorus rhizophyllus (L.) L<strong>in</strong>k walk<strong>in</strong>g spleenwort<br />
Asplenium ruta-muraria L. Asplenium cryptolepis Fern.; Asplenium rutamuraria<br />
wall-rue spleenwort<br />
var. cryptolepis (Fern.) Wherry<br />
Asplenium trichomanes L. ssp.<br />
maidenhair spleenwort<br />
quadrivalens D.E. Mey.<br />
Asplenium trichomanes L. nssp. Asplenium trichomanes ssp. quadrivalens × A. maidenhair spleenwort<br />
lusaticum (D.E. Mey.) Lawalrée t. ssp. trichomanes<br />
Asplenium trichomanes L. ssp.<br />
maidenhair spleenwort<br />
trichomanes<br />
Asplenium viride Huds. Asplenium trichomanes-ramosum L. green spleenwort<br />
Azollaceae<br />
mosquito fern family<br />
Azolla cristata Mett. Azolla carol<strong>in</strong>iana Willd.; Azolla microphylla<br />
Kaulf.<br />
Blechnaceae<br />
Woodwardia areolata (L.) T. Moore Acrostichum areolatum L.; Lor<strong>in</strong>seria<br />
areolata (L.) K. Presl, an illegitimate name;<br />
Carol<strong>in</strong>a mosquito fern<br />
cha<strong>in</strong> fern family<br />
netted cha<strong>in</strong> fern<br />
Woodwardia onocleoides Willd.<br />
Woodwardia virg<strong>in</strong>ica (L.) Smith Blechnum virg<strong>in</strong>icum L. Virg<strong>in</strong>ia cha<strong>in</strong> fern<br />
Dennstaedtiaceae<br />
hay-scented fern family<br />
Dennstaedtia punctilobula (Michx.)<br />
T. Moore<br />
Pteridium aquil<strong>in</strong>um (L.) Kuhn ssp.<br />
latiusculum (Desv.) Hultén<br />
Pteridium aquil<strong>in</strong>um (L.) Kuhn ssp.<br />
pseudocaudatum (Clute) Hultén<br />
Dryopteridaceae<br />
Nephrodium punctilobulum Michx. eastern hay-scented fern<br />
Pteridium aquil<strong>in</strong>um var. latiusculum (Desv.)<br />
Underwood ex Heller; Pteridium latiusculum<br />
(Desv.) Hieron.<br />
Pteridium aquil<strong>in</strong>um var. pseudocaudatum<br />
(Clute) Heller; Pteridium latiusculum (Desv.)<br />
Hieron. var. pseudocaudatum (Clute) Maxon<br />
Dryopteris ×benedictii Wherry Dryopteris carthusiana × D. cl<strong>in</strong>toniana<br />
Dryopteris ×boottii (Tuckerm.) Dryopteris cristata × D. <strong>in</strong>termedia<br />
Underwood<br />
Dryopteris ×burgessii Boiv<strong>in</strong> Dryopteris cl<strong>in</strong>toniana × D. marg<strong>in</strong>alis<br />
Dryopteris campyloptera (Kunze) Dryopteris austriaca (Jacq.) Woynar ex Sch<strong>in</strong>z<br />
Clarkson<br />
& Thellung; Dryopteris sp<strong>in</strong>ulosa (O.F. Muell.)<br />
Watt var. americana (Fischer ex Kunze) Fern.<br />
bracken fern<br />
bracken fern<br />
wood fern family<br />
mounta<strong>in</strong> wood fern<br />
Dryopteris campylopteria × D.<br />
marg<strong>in</strong>alis<br />
Dryopteris carthusiana (Vill.) H.P.<br />
Fuchs<br />
Dryopteris cl<strong>in</strong>toniana<br />
Dowell<br />
Dryopteris cl<strong>in</strong>toniana<br />
Dryopteris cl<strong>in</strong>toniana<br />
(D.C. Eat.)<br />
× D. cristata<br />
× D. filix-mas<br />
Dryopteris austriaca (Jacq.) Woynar ex Sch<strong>in</strong>z<br />
& Thellung var. sp<strong>in</strong>ulosa (O.F. Muell.) Fiori;<br />
Dryopteris sp<strong>in</strong>ulosa (O.F. Muell.) Watt<br />
Aspidium cristatum (L.) Sw. var. cl<strong>in</strong>tonianum<br />
D.C. Eat. <strong>in</strong> Gray; Dryopteris cristata (L.) Gray<br />
var. cl<strong>in</strong>toniana (D.C. Eat.) Underwood<br />
sp<strong>in</strong>ulose wood fern<br />
Cl<strong>in</strong>ton's wood fern<br />
Dryopteris ×correllii W.H. Wagner Dryopteris carthusiana × D. goldiana
Dryopteris cristata (L.) Gray Aspidium cristatum (L.) Sw.; Polypodium<br />
cristatum L.<br />
Dryopteris ×dowellii (Farw.) Wherry Dryopteris cl<strong>in</strong>toniana × D. <strong>in</strong>termedia<br />
crested wood fern<br />
Dryopteris filix-mas (L.) Schott ssp. Polypodium filix-mas L. male wood fern<br />
brittonii Fras.-Jenk. & Widen<br />
Dryopteris fragrans (L.) Schott Polypodium fragrans L. fragrant wood fern<br />
Dryopteris goldiana (Hook. ex Aspidium goldianum Hook. ex Goldie Goldie's wood fern<br />
Goldie) Gray<br />
Dryopteris goldiana × D. <strong>in</strong>termedia<br />
Dryopteris <strong>in</strong>termedia (Muhl. ex Aspidium <strong>in</strong>termedium Muhl. ex Gray; evergreen wood fern<br />
Willd.) Gray<br />
Dryopteris austriaca (Jacq.) Woynar ex Sch<strong>in</strong>z<br />
& Thellung var. <strong>in</strong>termedia (Muhl. ex Willd.)<br />
Morton; Dryopteris sp<strong>in</strong>ulosa (O.F. Muell.)<br />
Watt var. <strong>in</strong>termedia (Muhl. ex Willd.)<br />
Underwood<br />
Dryopteris <strong>in</strong>termedia × D.<br />
marg<strong>in</strong>alis<br />
Dryopteris marg<strong>in</strong>alis (L.) Gray Polypodium marg<strong>in</strong>ale L. marg<strong>in</strong>al wood fern<br />
Dryopteris ×mickelii Peck Dryopteris cl<strong>in</strong>toniana × D. goldiana<br />
Dryopteris ×montgomeryi Fras.-Jenk. Dryopteris filix-mas × D. marg<strong>in</strong>alis<br />
& Widen<br />
Dryopteris ×neowherryi W.H. Dryopteris goldiana × D. marg<strong>in</strong>alis<br />
Wagner<br />
Dryopteris ×pittsfordensis Slosson Dryopteris carthusiana × D. marg<strong>in</strong>alis<br />
Dryopteris ×slossoniae Wherry ex Dryopteris cristata × D. marg<strong>in</strong>alis<br />
Lell<strong>in</strong>ger<br />
Dryopteris ×triploidea Wherry Dryopteris carthusiana × D. <strong>in</strong>termedia ;<br />
Dryopteris sp<strong>in</strong>ulosa (O.F. Muell.) Watt var.<br />
fructuosa (Gilbert) Trudell<br />
Dryopteris ×ulig<strong>in</strong>osa (A. Braun ex Dryopteris carthusiana × D. cristata<br />
Dowell) Druce<br />
Polystichum acrostichoides (Michx.) Nephrodium acrostichoides Michx. Christmas fern<br />
Schott<br />
Polystichum braunii (Spenner) Fée Aspidium braunii Spenner; Polystichum Braun's holly fern<br />
braunii ssp. purshii (Fern.) Calder & Taylor;<br />
Polystichum braunii var. purshii Fern.<br />
Polystichum ×potteri Barr<strong>in</strong>gton Polystichum acrostichoides × P. braunii<br />
Equisetaceae<br />
horsetail family<br />
Equisetum arvense L. Equisetum arvense var. boreale (Bong.) Rupr. field horsetail<br />
Equisetum ×ferrissii Clute<br />
Equisetum hyemale × E. laevigatum A. Braun;<br />
Hippochaete ×ferrissii (Clute) Skoda & Holub<br />
Equisetum fluviatile L. Equisetum limosum L. river horsetail<br />
Equisetum hyemale L. ssp. aff<strong>in</strong>e Equisetum hyemale var. robustum (A. Braun) tall scour<strong>in</strong>g-rush<br />
(Engelm.) Calder & Taylor<br />
A.A. Eat.; Hippochaete hyemalis (L.) Bruh<strong>in</strong><br />
ssp. aff<strong>in</strong>is (Engelm.) Holub
Equisetum ×litorale Kuhlewe<strong>in</strong> ex<br />
Rupr.<br />
Equisetum ×mackaii (Newman)<br />
Brichan<br />
Equisetum arvense × E. fluviatile<br />
Equisetum hyemale × E. variegatum ;<br />
Equisetum ×trachydon (A. Braun) Koch;<br />
Hippochaete ×mackayi (Newman) Skoda &<br />
Holub<br />
Equisetum palustre L. Equisetum palustre var. americanum Vict. marsh horsetail<br />
Equisetum pratense Ehrh.<br />
meadow horsetail<br />
Equisetum scirpoides Michx. Hippochaete scirpoides (Michx.) Farw. dwarf scour<strong>in</strong>g-rush<br />
Equisetum sylvaticum L. Equisetum sylvaticum var. multiramosum wood horsetail<br />
Equisetum variegatum Schleicher ex<br />
F. Weber & D. Mohr ssp. variegatum<br />
Hymenophyllaceae<br />
Trichomanes <strong>in</strong>tricatum Farrar<br />
Lygodiaceae<br />
(Fern.) Wherry<br />
Hippochaete variegata (Schleicher ex F. Weber<br />
& D. Mohr) Bruh<strong>in</strong> ssp. variegata<br />
variegated scour<strong>in</strong>g-rush<br />
filmy fern family<br />
Appalachian bristle fern<br />
climb<strong>in</strong>g fern family<br />
Lygodium palmatum (Bernh.) Sw. Gisopteris palmata Bernh. American climb<strong>in</strong>g fern<br />
Marsileaceae<br />
water-clover family<br />
Marsilea quadrifolia L. European water-clover<br />
Onocleaceae<br />
fiddlehead fern family<br />
Matteuccia struthiopteris (L.)<br />
Todaro ssp. pensylvanica (Willd.) A.<br />
& D. Löve<br />
Matteuccia pensylvanica (Willd.) Raymond; fiddlehead fern<br />
Matteuccia struthiopteris var. pensylvanica<br />
(Willd.) Morton; Matteuccia struthiopteris var.<br />
pubescens (Terry) Clute; Onoclea<br />
struthiopteris (L.) Hoffmann, <strong>in</strong> part; Pteretis<br />
pensylvanica (Willd.) Fern.; Struthiopteris<br />
l i Willd<br />
Onoclea sensibilis L. Onoclea sensibilis var. obtusilobata (Schkuhr)<br />
Torr.<br />
Ophioglossaceae<br />
Botrychium angustisegmentum (Pease<br />
& Moore) Fern.<br />
Botrychium lanceolatum (Gmel.) Angst. ssp.<br />
angustisegmentum (Pease & Moore) Clausen;<br />
Botrychium lanceolatum (Gmel.) Angst. var.<br />
angustisegmentum Pease & Moore<br />
Botrychium ascendens W.H. Wagner<br />
Botrychium campestre W.H. Wagner<br />
& Farrar<br />
Botrychium dissectum Spreng. Botrychium dissectum Spreng. var. obliquum<br />
(Muhl. ex Willd.) Clute; Botrychium obliquum<br />
Muhl. ex Willd.; Sceptridium dissectum<br />
(Spreng ) Lyon<br />
Botrychium lunaria (L.) Sw. Botrychium lunaria var. onondagense<br />
(Underwood) House; Botrychium onondagense<br />
Underwood; Osmunda lunaria L.<br />
sensitive fern<br />
adder's-tongue fern<br />
family<br />
narrow triangle moonwort<br />
upswept moonwort<br />
prairie moonwort<br />
dissected grapefern<br />
common moonwort
Botrychium matricariifolium (Döll) A. Botrychium lunaria var. matricariifolium Döll daisy-leaved moonwort<br />
Braun ex Koch<br />
Botrychium m<strong>in</strong>ganense Victor<strong>in</strong> Botrychium lunaria var. m<strong>in</strong>ganense (Victor<strong>in</strong>) M<strong>in</strong>gan moonwort<br />
Dole<br />
Botrychium multifidum (Gmel.) Rupr. Botrychium multifidum (Gmel.) Rupr.; lea<strong>the</strong>ry grapefern<br />
Botrychium multifidum (Gmel.) Rupr. var.<br />
<strong>in</strong>termedium (D.C. Eat.) Farw.; Osmunda<br />
multifida Gmel.; Sceptridium multifidum<br />
Botrychium oneidense (Gilbert)<br />
House<br />
(Gmel ) Nishida ex Tagawa<br />
Botrychium dissectum Spreng. var. oneidense blunt-lobed grapefern<br />
(Gilbert) Clute; Botrychium multifidum (Gmel.)<br />
Rupr. var. oneidense (Gilbert) Farw.;<br />
Sceptridium oneidense (Gilbert) Holub<br />
Botrychium pallidum W.H. Wagner<br />
Botrychium rugulosum W.H. Wagner Botrychium multifidum (Gmel.) Rupr. forma<br />
dentatum R. Tryon; Botrychium ternatum , of<br />
authors not (Thunb.) Sw.; Sceptridium<br />
rugulosum (W H Wagner) Skoda & Holub<br />
Botrychium simplex E. Hitchc.<br />
Botrychium tenebrosum A.A. Eat. Botrychium simplex var. tenebrosum (A.A.<br />
Eat.) Clausen<br />
Botrychium virg<strong>in</strong>ianum (L.) Sw. Botrypus virg<strong>in</strong>ianus (L.) Holub; Osmunda<br />
virg<strong>in</strong>iana L.<br />
Ophioglossum pusillum Raf. Ophioglossum vulgatum L. var. pseudopodum<br />
(Blake) Farw.<br />
Ophioglossum vulgatum L. Ophioglossum pycnostichum (Fern.) A.& D.<br />
Löve; Ophioglossum vulgatum var.<br />
Osmundaceae<br />
Osmunda claytoniana L.<br />
Osmunda regalis L. var. spectabilis<br />
pycnostichum Fern.<br />
pale moonwort<br />
St. Lawrence grapefern<br />
least moonwort<br />
swamp moonwort<br />
rattlesnake fern<br />
nor<strong>the</strong>rn adder's-tongue fern<br />
sou<strong>the</strong>rn adder's-tongue fern<br />
royal fern family<br />
<strong>in</strong>terrupted fern<br />
royal fern<br />
(Willd.) Gray<br />
Osmunda ×ruggii R. Tryon Osmunda claytoniana × O. regalis<br />
Osmundastrum c<strong>in</strong>namomeum (L.) C. Osmunda c<strong>in</strong>namomea L. c<strong>in</strong>namon fern<br />
Presl<br />
Polypodiaceae<br />
fern family<br />
Polypodium appalachianum Haufler<br />
& W<strong>in</strong>dham<br />
Polypodium ×<strong>in</strong>cognitum Cusik Polypodium appalachianum × P. virg<strong>in</strong>ianum<br />
Polypodium virg<strong>in</strong>ianum L. Polypodium vulgare L. var. virg<strong>in</strong>ianum (L.)<br />
D.C. Eat.<br />
Pteridaceae<br />
Adiantum aleuticum (Rupr.) Paris Adiantum pedatum ssp. aleuticum (Rupr.)<br />
Calder & Taylor; Adiantum pedatum var.<br />
aleuticum Rupr.; Adiantum pedatum ssp.<br />
Adiantum pedatum L.<br />
Adiantum viridimontanum Paris<br />
calderi Cody<br />
Appalachian polypody<br />
rock polypody<br />
maidenhair fern family<br />
western maidenhair fern<br />
nor<strong>the</strong>rn maidenhair fern<br />
Green Mounta<strong>in</strong> maidenhair fern
Cheilan<strong>the</strong>s lanosa (Michx.) D.C. Eat. Cheilan<strong>the</strong>s vestita (Spreng.) Sw. hairy lip fern<br />
Cryptogramma stelleri (Gmel.) Prantl<br />
slender rock-brake<br />
Pellaea atropurpurea (L.) L<strong>in</strong>k Pteris atropurpurea L. purple cliff-brake<br />
Pellaea glabella Mett. ex Kuhn ssp.<br />
slender cliff-brake<br />
glabella<br />
Salv<strong>in</strong>iaceae<br />
watermoss family<br />
Salv<strong>in</strong>ia m<strong>in</strong>ima Baker<br />
Thelypteridaceae<br />
Para<strong>the</strong>lypteris noveboracensis<br />
Ch<strong>in</strong>g<br />
(L.)<br />
Dryopteris noveboracensis (L.) Gray;<br />
Polypodium noveboracense L.; Thelypteris<br />
noveboracensis (L.) Nieuwl.<br />
Para<strong>the</strong>lypteris simulata (Davenport) Dryopteris simulata Davenport; Thelypteris<br />
Holttum<br />
simulata (Davenport) Nieuwl.<br />
Phegopteris connectilis (Michx.) Watt Dryopteris phegopteris (L.) C. Christens.;<br />
Thelypteris phegopteris (L.) Slosson<br />
Phegopteris hexagonoptera (Michx.) Dryopteris hexagonoptera (Michx.) C.<br />
Fée<br />
Christens.; Thelypteris hexagonoptera (Michx.)<br />
Thelypteris palustris Schott var.<br />
pubescens (G. Lawson) Fern.<br />
Woodsiaceae<br />
Wea<strong>the</strong>rby<br />
Dryopteris <strong>the</strong>lypteris (L.) Gray var. pubescens<br />
(G. Lawson) Wea<strong>the</strong>rby; Thelypteris palustris<br />
var. haleana Fern.<br />
Athyrium angustum (Willd.) C. Presl. Athyrium filix-fem<strong>in</strong>a (L.) Roth ssp. angustum<br />
(Willd.) Clausen; Athyrium filix-fem<strong>in</strong>a (L.)<br />
Roth var. angustum (Willd.) Lawson; Athyrium<br />
filix-fem<strong>in</strong>a (L.) Roth var. michauxii (Spreng.)<br />
Farw.; Athyrium filix-fem<strong>in</strong>a (L.) Roth var.<br />
rubellum Gilbert<br />
Athyrium asplenioides (Michx.) Desv. Athyrium filix-fem<strong>in</strong>a (L.) Roth ssp.<br />
asplenioides (Michx.) Hultén; Athyrium filixfem<strong>in</strong>a<br />
(L.) Roth var. asplenioides (Michx.)<br />
common watermoss<br />
marsh fern family<br />
New York fern<br />
Massachusetts fern<br />
long beech fern<br />
broad beech fern<br />
marsh fern<br />
lady fern family<br />
nor<strong>the</strong>rn lady fern<br />
sou<strong>the</strong>rn lady fern<br />
Farw ; Nephrodium asplenioides Michx<br />
Athyrium nipponicum (Mett.) Hence Asplenium nipponicum Mett. Japanese pa<strong>in</strong>ted lady fern<br />
Cystopteris bulbifera (L.) Bernh. Filix bulbifera (L.) Underwood; Polypodium bulblet fragile fern<br />
bulbiferum L.<br />
Cystopteris fragilis (L.) Bernh. Cystopteris dickieana Sim; Polypodium fragile fragile fern<br />
L.<br />
Cystoperis fragilis × C. tenuis<br />
Cystopteris laurentiana (Wea<strong>the</strong>rby) Cystopteris fragilis var. laurentiana<br />
Laurentian fragile fern<br />
Blasdell<br />
Wea<strong>the</strong>rby<br />
Cystopteris protrusa (Wea<strong>the</strong>rby) Cystopteris fragilis var. protrusa Wea<strong>the</strong>rby sou<strong>the</strong>rn fragile fern<br />
Blasdell<br />
Cystopteris tenuis (Michx.) Desv. Cystopteris fragilis var. mackayi Lawson Mackay's fragile fern<br />
Deparia acrostichoides (Sw.) M. Kato Asplenium acrostichoides Sw.; Athyrium silvery false spleenwort<br />
<strong>the</strong>lypterioides (Michx.) Desv.; Diplazium<br />
acrostichoides (Sw.) Butters
Diplazium pycnocarpon (Spreng.) M.<br />
Broun<br />
Gymnocarpium ×brittonianum<br />
(Sarvela) Pryer & Haufler<br />
Gymnocarpium dryopteris (L.)<br />
Newman<br />
Gymnocarpium jessoense (Koidzumi)<br />
Koidzumi ssp. parvulum Sarvela<br />
Asplenium pycnocarpon Spreng.; Athyrium<br />
pycnocarpon (Spreng.) Tidestrom<br />
Gymnocarpium dijunctum (Rupr.) Ch<strong>in</strong>g × G.<br />
dryopteris<br />
Carpogymnia dryopteris (L.) A. & D. Löve;<br />
Dryopteris dryopteris (L.) Britt.; Polypodium<br />
narrow-leaved glade fern<br />
nor<strong>the</strong>rn oak fern<br />
dryopteris L.<br />
Gymnocarpium cont<strong>in</strong>entale (Petrov) Pojark Nahanni oak fern<br />
Woodsia alp<strong>in</strong>a (Bolton) S.F. Gray Acrostichum alp<strong>in</strong>um Bolton; Woodsia alp<strong>in</strong>a nor<strong>the</strong>rn cliff fern<br />
var. bellii Lawson; Woodsia glabella var.<br />
bellii (Lawson) Lawson<br />
Woodsia glabella R. Br. ex<br />
Woodsia alp<strong>in</strong>a var. glabella (R. Br. ex smooth cliff fern<br />
Richards.<br />
Richards.) D.C. Eat.; Woodsia hyperborea R.<br />
Br. var. glabella (R. Br. ex Richards.) Watt<br />
Woodsia ×gracilis (Lawson) Butters Woodsia alp<strong>in</strong>a × W. ilvensis<br />
Woodsia ilvensis (L.) R. Br. Acrostichum ilvense L. rusty cliff fern<br />
Woodsia obtusa (Spreng.) Torr. ssp. Physematium obtusum (Spreng.) Hook.; blunt-lobed cliff fern<br />
obtusa<br />
Polypodium obtusum Spreng.<br />
Gymnosperms<br />
Cupressaceae<br />
cypress family<br />
Chamaecyparis thyoides (L.) B.S.P. Cupressus thyoides L. Atlantic white cedar<br />
Juniperus communis L. var. depressa Juniperus canadensis Lodd. ex Burgsd.; common juniper<br />
Pursh<br />
Juniperus communis ssp. depressa (Pursh)<br />
Franco; Juniperus depressa (Pursh) Raf.<br />
Juniperus horizontalis Moench Juniperus prostrata Pers.; Juniperus repens creep<strong>in</strong>g juniper<br />
Nutt.; Juniperus virg<strong>in</strong>iana var. prostrata<br />
(Pers.) Torr.; Sab<strong>in</strong>a horizontalis (Moench)<br />
Rydb<br />
Juniperus horizontalis × J.<br />
virg<strong>in</strong>iana var. virg<strong>in</strong>iana<br />
Juniperus virg<strong>in</strong>iana L. var. Juniperus virg<strong>in</strong>iana ssp. crebra (Fern. & eastern red cedar<br />
virg<strong>in</strong>iana<br />
Grisc.) E. Murr.; Juniperus virg<strong>in</strong>iana var.<br />
crebra Fern. & Grisc.; Sab<strong>in</strong>a virg<strong>in</strong>iana (L.)<br />
Anto<strong>in</strong>e<br />
Thuja occidentalis L.<br />
nor<strong>the</strong>rn white-cedar<br />
P<strong>in</strong>aceae<br />
p<strong>in</strong>e family<br />
Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.<br />
Abies balsamea var. phanerolepis Fern.; P<strong>in</strong>us balsam fir<br />
balsamea L.<br />
Abies concolor (Gord. & Glend.)<br />
white fir<br />
L<strong>in</strong>dl. ex Hildebr.<br />
Abies homolepis Sieb. & Zucc.<br />
Nikko fir<br />
Larix decidua P. Mill.<br />
European larch<br />
Larix laric<strong>in</strong>a (Du Roi) K. Koch<br />
American larch<br />
Picea abies (L.) Karst. Picea excelsa (Lamb.) L<strong>in</strong>k Norway spruce<br />
Picea glauca (Moench) Voss Picea canadensis (P. Mill.) B.S.P.; P<strong>in</strong>us white spruce<br />
glauca Moench
Picea mariana (P. Mill.) B.S.P. Picea nigra (Ait.) L<strong>in</strong>k; P<strong>in</strong>us mariana P. black spruce<br />
Picea mariana × P. rubens<br />
Picea rubens Sarg.<br />
Picea australis Small; Picea nigra (Ait.) L<strong>in</strong>k red spruce<br />
var. rubra (Du Roi) Engelm.<br />
P<strong>in</strong>us banksiana Lamb. P<strong>in</strong>us divaricata (Ait.) Dum.-Cours. Jack p<strong>in</strong>e<br />
P<strong>in</strong>us mugo Turra<br />
Mugo p<strong>in</strong>e<br />
P<strong>in</strong>us nigra Arnott<br />
Austrian p<strong>in</strong>e<br />
P<strong>in</strong>us res<strong>in</strong>osa Ait.<br />
red p<strong>in</strong>e<br />
P<strong>in</strong>us rigida P. Mill.<br />
pitch p<strong>in</strong>e<br />
P<strong>in</strong>us strobus L. Strobus strobus (L.) Small eastern white p<strong>in</strong>e<br />
P<strong>in</strong>us sylvestris L.<br />
Scotch p<strong>in</strong>e<br />
P<strong>in</strong>us thunbergii Parl. P<strong>in</strong>us thunbergiana Franco Japanese black p<strong>in</strong>e<br />
Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirbel) Abies menziesii Mirbel; Pseudotsuga taxifolia coast Douglas-fir<br />
Franco<br />
(Lamb.) Britt.<br />
Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. P<strong>in</strong>us canadensis L. eastern hemlock<br />
Taxaceae<br />
yew family<br />
Taxus baccata L. var. baccata<br />
Taxus canadensis Marsh. var.<br />
canadensis<br />
Taxus canadensis Marsh. var. m<strong>in</strong>or<br />
Taxus baccata var. m<strong>in</strong>or Michx.; Taxus m<strong>in</strong>or<br />
English yew<br />
American yew<br />
American yew<br />
(Michx.) Spjut<br />
(Michx.) Britt.<br />
Taxus cuspidata Sieb. & Zucc.<br />
Japanese yew<br />
Taxus umbraculifera (Sieb. ex Endl.) Taxus cuspidata var. hicksii (hort. ex Rehd.)<br />
Ravencroft var. hicksii (hort. ex Bailey<br />
Rehd.) Spjut × possibly T. biternata<br />
Spjut<br />
Magnoliids<br />
Aristolochiaceae<br />
Dutchman's pipe family<br />
Aristolochia clematitis L. creep<strong>in</strong>g birthwort<br />
Asarum canadense L. Asarum acum<strong>in</strong>atum (Ashe) Bickn.; Asarum Canada wild g<strong>in</strong>ger<br />
canadense var. acum<strong>in</strong>atum Ashe; Asarum<br />
canadense var. ambiguum (Bickn.) Farw.;<br />
Asarum reflexum Bickn<br />
Endodeca serpentaria (L.) Raf. Aristolochia convolvulacea Small;<br />
Aristolochia serpentaria L.; Aristolochia<br />
serpentaria L. var. hastata (Nutt.) Duchartre;<br />
Aristolochia serpentaria L. var. nashii<br />
(Kearney) Ahles; Endodeca serpentaria var.<br />
Virg<strong>in</strong>ia serpentaria<br />
hastata (Nutt )CF Reed<br />
Isotrema macrophyllum (Lam.) C.F. Aristolochia durior Hill; Aristolochia large-leaved Dutchman's pipe<br />
Reed<br />
macrophylla Lam.<br />
Isotrema tomentosum (Sims) Huber Aristolochia tomentosa Sims woolly Dutchman's pipe<br />
Calycanthaceae<br />
calycanthus family<br />
Calycanthus floridus L. var. floridus<br />
Calycanthus floridus L. var. glaucus<br />
(Willd.) Torr. & Gray<br />
Ceratophyllaceae<br />
Calycanthus fertilis Walt.; Calycanthus<br />
floridus var. laevigatus (Willd.) Torr. & Gray;<br />
Calycanthus glaucus<br />
Willd.<br />
eastern sweetshrub<br />
eastern sweetshrub<br />
hornwort family
Ceratophyllum demersum L. Ceratophyllum apiculatum Cham. common hornwort<br />
Ceratophyllum ech<strong>in</strong>atum Gray Ceratophyllum demersum var. ech<strong>in</strong>atum sp<strong>in</strong>eless hornwort<br />
(Gray) Gray<br />
Lauraceae<br />
laurel family<br />
L<strong>in</strong>dera benzo<strong>in</strong> (L.) Blume Benzo<strong>in</strong> aestivale Nees; L<strong>in</strong>dera benzo<strong>in</strong> var. nor<strong>the</strong>rn spicebush<br />
pubescens (Palmer & Steyermark) Rehd.<br />
Sassafras albidum (Nutt.) Nees Laurus albidus Nutt.; Laurus sassafras L.; sassafras<br />
Sassafras albidum var. molle (Raf.) Fern.;<br />
Sassafras variifolium (Salisb.) Kuntze;<br />
Sassafras variifolium (Salisb.) Kuntze var.<br />
albidum (Nutt ) Fern<br />
Magnoliaceae<br />
magnolia family<br />
Liriodendron tulipifera L. tuliptree<br />
Magnolia acum<strong>in</strong>ata L. Magnolia acum<strong>in</strong>ata var. cordata (Michx.) cucumber-tree<br />
Ser.; Magnolia virg<strong>in</strong>iana L. var. acum<strong>in</strong>ata<br />
L.;Tulipastrum acum<strong>in</strong>atum (L.) Small;<br />
Tulipastrum cordatum (Michx ) Small<br />
Magnolia tripetala (L.) L. Magnolia virg<strong>in</strong>iana L. var. tripetala L. umbrella-tree<br />
Magnolia virg<strong>in</strong>iana L. ssp.<br />
sweet-bay<br />
virg<strong>in</strong>iana<br />
Nymphaeaceae<br />
water-lily family<br />
Brasenia schreberi J.F. Gmel. Brasenia peltata Pursh water-shield<br />
Cabomba carol<strong>in</strong>iana Gray Cabomba carol<strong>in</strong>iana var. pulcherrima Carol<strong>in</strong>a fanwort<br />
Harper; Cabomba pulcherrima (Harper) Fassett<br />
Nuphar advena (Ait.) Ait. f. <strong>in</strong> Ait. &<br />
Ait. f.<br />
Nuphar lutea (L.) Sm.; Nuphar macrophylla<br />
Small; Nymphaea advena Ait.; Nymphozanthus<br />
advena (Ait.) Fern.<br />
Nuphar microphylla (Pers.) Fern. Nuphar m<strong>in</strong>ima (Willd.) Sm.; Nymphaea<br />
microphylla Pers.<br />
Nuphar ×rubrodisca Morong Nuphar microphylla × N. variegata ; Nuphar<br />
lutea (L.) Sm. ssp. rubrodisca (Morong)<br />
Hellquist & Wiersema; Nymphaea rubrodisca<br />
(Morong) Greene; Nymphozanthus rubrodiscus<br />
(Morong) Fern<br />
Nuphar variegata Dur.<br />
Nuphar lutea (L.) Sm. ssp. variegata (Dur.) E.O.<br />
Beal; Nymphaea fraterna Mill. & Standl.<br />
Nymphaea leibergii Morong Castalia leibergii Morong; Nymphaea<br />
tetragona Georgi ssp. leibergii (Morong)<br />
Porsild; Nymphaea tetragona Georgi var.<br />
leibergii (Morong) Boiv<strong>in</strong><br />
Nymphaea leibergii × N. odorata<br />
Nymphaea odorata Ait. Castalia odorata (Ait.) Wood; Nymphaea<br />
odorata var. gigantea Tricker; Nymphaea<br />
odorata var. rosea Pursh<br />
Nymphaea tuberosa Pa<strong>in</strong>e Castalia tuberosa (Pa<strong>in</strong>e) Greene; Nymphaea<br />
odorata ssp. tuberosa (Pa<strong>in</strong>e) Wiersema &<br />
Hellquist; Nymphaea odorata var. maxima<br />
(Conrad) Boiv<strong>in</strong><br />
immigrant pond-lily<br />
small-leaved pond-lily<br />
bullhead pond-lily<br />
dwarf water-lily<br />
white water-lily<br />
tuberous water-lily
Saururaceae<br />
lizard's-tail family<br />
Saururus cernuus L.<br />
lizard's-tail<br />
Monocots<br />
Acoraceae<br />
sweetflag family<br />
Acorus americanus (Raf.) Raf. Acorus calamus var. americanus Raf. several-ve<strong>in</strong>ed sweetflag<br />
Acorus calamus L.<br />
s<strong>in</strong>gle-ve<strong>in</strong>ed sweetflag<br />
Agavaceae<br />
agave family<br />
Yucca filamentosa L. Yucca filamentosa var. smalliana (Fern.)<br />
Ahles; Yucca smalliana Fern.<br />
Alismataceae<br />
Adam's-needle<br />
water-planta<strong>in</strong> family<br />
Alisma gram<strong>in</strong>eum Lej. Alisma gram<strong>in</strong>eum var. angustissimum (DC.) narrow-leaved water-planta<strong>in</strong><br />
Hendricks<br />
Alisma subcordatum Raf. Alisma plantago-aquatica L. var. parviflorum sou<strong>the</strong>rn water-planta<strong>in</strong><br />
(Pursh) Torr.; Alisma plantago-aquatica L. ssp.<br />
Alisma triviale Pursh<br />
Helanthium tenellum (Mart.) Britt.<br />
subcordatum (Raf.) Hultén<br />
Alisma brevipes Greene; Alisma plantagoaquatica<br />
L. var. americanum J.A. Schultes<br />
Alisma tenellum Mart.; Ech<strong>in</strong>odorus parvulus<br />
Engelm.; Ech<strong>in</strong>odorus tenellus (Mart.) Buch;<br />
Ech<strong>in</strong>odorus tenellus (Mart.) Buch. var.<br />
parvulus (Engelm.) Fassett; Helanthium<br />
parvulum (Engelm.) Small<br />
nor<strong>the</strong>rn water-planta<strong>in</strong><br />
dwarf burhead<br />
Sagittaria cuneata Sheldon Sagittaria arifolia Nutt. ex J.G. Sm. nor<strong>the</strong>rn arrowhead<br />
Sagittaria engelmanniana J.G. Sm. Engelmann's arrowhead<br />
Sagittaria filiformis J.G. Sm. Sagittaria stagnorum Small; Sagittaria narrow-leaved arrowhead<br />
Sagittaria gram<strong>in</strong>ea Michx. var.<br />
gram<strong>in</strong>ea<br />
subulata var. gracillima (S. Wats.) J.G. Sm<br />
Sagittaria eatonii J.G. Sm. grass-leaved arrowhead<br />
Sagittaria latifolia Willd. Sagittaria latifolia var. obtusa (Engelm.)<br />
Wieg.; Sagittaria latifolia var. pubescens<br />
(Muhl. ex Nutt.) J.G. Sm.; Sagittaria<br />
longirostra (Micheli) J.G. Sm.; Sagittaria<br />
obtusa Muhl. ex Willd.; Sagittaria planipes<br />
Sagittaria montevidensis Cham. &<br />
Schlecht. ssp. spongiosa (Engelm.)<br />
Bog<strong>in</strong><br />
Fern ; Sagittaria pubescens<br />
Lophotocarpus spathulatus<br />
Muhl ex Nutt<br />
J.G. Sm.;<br />
Lophotocarpus spongiosus (Engelm.) J.G. Sm.;<br />
Sagittaria calyc<strong>in</strong>a Engelm. var. spongiosa<br />
Engelm.; Sagittaria montevidensis var.<br />
spongiosa (Engelm.) Boiv<strong>in</strong>; Sagittaria<br />
common arrowhead<br />
spongy-leaved arrowhead<br />
spathulata (J G Sm ) Buch<br />
Sagittaria rigida Pursh sessile-fruited arrowhead<br />
Sagittaria subulata (L.) Buch. Alisma subulatum L.; Sagittaria lorata awl-leaved arrowhead<br />
(Chapman) Small<br />
Sagittaria teres S. Wats. Sagittaria gram<strong>in</strong>ea var. teres (S. Wats.) Bog<strong>in</strong> quill-leaved arrowhead<br />
Alliaceae<br />
onion family<br />
Allium canadense L. var. canadense Allium canadense var. robustum Farw. meadow garlic
Allium cepa L.<br />
Allium cepa var. bulbiferum Bailey; Allium garden onion<br />
cepa var. viviparum M.C. Metz<br />
Allium oleraceum L.<br />
field garlic<br />
Allium sativum L. var. sativum<br />
cultivated garlic<br />
Allium schoenoprasum L. Allium schoenoprasum var. laurentianum wild chives<br />
Fern.; Allium schoenoprasum ssp. sibiricum<br />
(L.) Čelak.; Allium schoenoprasum var.<br />
sibiricum (L ) Hartman; Allium sibiricum L<br />
Allium tricoccum Ait. var. burdickii Allium burdickii (Hanes) A.G. Jones wild leek<br />
Hanes<br />
Allium tricoccum Ait. var. tricoccum Validallium tricoccum (Ait.) Small wild leek<br />
Allium v<strong>in</strong>eale L.<br />
Amaryllidaceae<br />
crow garlic<br />
amaryllis family<br />
Galanthus nivalis L. ssp. nivalis<br />
snowdrop<br />
Leucojum aestivum L.<br />
summer snowflake<br />
Narcissus poeticus L.<br />
poet's daffodil<br />
Narcissus pseudonarcissus L. common daffodil<br />
Araceae<br />
arum family<br />
Arisaema dracontium (L.) Schott Muricauda dracontium (L.) Small green-dragon<br />
Arisaema dracontium × A. triphyllum<br />
ssp. stewardsonii<br />
Arisaema triphyllum (L.) Schott var. Arisaema acum<strong>in</strong>atum Small; Arisaema Jack-<strong>in</strong>-<strong>the</strong>-pulpit<br />
pusillum Peck<br />
pusillum (Peck) Nash; Arisaema triphyllum<br />
Arisaema triphyllum (L.) Schott var.<br />
stewardsonii (Britt.) Stevens<br />
Arisaema triphyllum (L.) Schott var.<br />
triphyllum<br />
Calla palustris L.<br />
(L.) Schott ssp. pusillum (Peck) Huttleston<br />
Arisaema atrorubens (Ait.) Blume var.<br />
stewardsonii (Britt.) Stevens; Arisaema<br />
stewardsonii Britt.; Arisaema triphyllum (L.)<br />
Jack-<strong>in</strong>-<strong>the</strong>-pulpit<br />
Schott ssp stewardsonii (Britt ) Huttleston<br />
Arisaema atrorubens (Ait.) Blume Jack-<strong>in</strong>-<strong>the</strong>-pulpit<br />
wild calla<br />
Lemna m<strong>in</strong>or L. Lemna m<strong>in</strong>ima Chev. ex Schleid. common duckweed<br />
Lemna m<strong>in</strong>uta Kunth<br />
Lemna m<strong>in</strong>ima Phil. ex Hegelm.; Lemna<br />
m<strong>in</strong>uscula Herter; Lemna valdiviana var.<br />
least duckweed<br />
m<strong>in</strong>ima Hegelm.<br />
Lemna perpusilla Torr. Lemna perpusilla var. tr<strong>in</strong>ervis Aust<strong>in</strong> m<strong>in</strong>ute duckweed<br />
Lemna trisulca L.<br />
ivy-leaved duckweed<br />
Lemna turionifera Landolt<br />
turion duckweed<br />
Lemna valdiviana Phillipi Lemna torreyi Aust<strong>in</strong> pale duckweed<br />
Orontium aquaticum L.<br />
golden-club<br />
Peltandra virg<strong>in</strong>ica (L.) Raf. ex Arum virg<strong>in</strong>icum L.<br />
green arrow-arum<br />
Schott<br />
Spirodela oligorrhiza (Kurz) Lemna oligorrhiza Kurz; Spirodela punctata , spotted-duck-meal<br />
Hegelmaier<br />
misapplied<br />
Spirodela polyrrhiza (L.) Schleid. Lemna polyrrhiza L.; Spirodela polyrrhiza (L.) common duck-meal<br />
Schleid. var. masonii Daubs<br />
Symplocarpus foetidus (L.) Salisb. ex Dracontium foetidum L.; Spathyema foetida skunk-cabbage<br />
Nutt.<br />
(L.) Raf.
Wolffia borealis (Engelm. ex<br />
Hegelm.) Landolt ex Landolt &<br />
Wolffia brasiliensis Weddell var. borealis<br />
Engelm. ex Hegelm.; Wolffia punctata ,<br />
Wildi<br />
misapplied<br />
Wolffia brasiliensis Weddell Bruniera punctata (Griseb.) Nieuwl.; Wolffia<br />
papulifera C.H. Thompson; Wolffia punctata<br />
nor<strong>the</strong>rn water-meal<br />
Brazilian water-meal<br />
Griseb.<br />
Wolffia columbiana Karst. Bruniera columbiana (Karst.) Nieuwl. Columbian water-meal<br />
Wolffiella gladiata (Hegelm.) Wolffia floridana (J.D. Sm.) J.D. Sm. ex sword-like bog-mat<br />
Hegelm.<br />
Hegelm.; Wolffia gladiata Hegelm.; Wolffia<br />
gladiata Hegelm. var. floridana J.D. Sm.;<br />
Asparagaceae<br />
Wolffiella floridana<br />
(JD Sm)CH Thompson<br />
asparagus family<br />
Asparagus offic<strong>in</strong>alis L. asparagus<br />
Butomaceae<br />
flower<strong>in</strong>g-rush family<br />
Butomus umbellatus L.<br />
Colchicaceae<br />
flower<strong>in</strong>g-rush<br />
colchicum family<br />
Colchicum autumnale L.<br />
autumn-crocus<br />
Uvularia grandiflora J.E. Sm. large-flowered bellwort<br />
Uvularia perfoliata L.<br />
perfoliate bellwort<br />
Uvularia sessilifolia L. Oakesiella sessilifolia (L.) S. Wats. sessile-leaved bellwort<br />
Commel<strong>in</strong>aceae<br />
spiderwort family<br />
Commel<strong>in</strong>a communis L. Commel<strong>in</strong>a communis var. ludens (Miq.) C.B. Asiatic dayflower<br />
Clarke<br />
Commel<strong>in</strong>a diffusa Burman f. var. Commel<strong>in</strong>a longicaulis Jacq. climb<strong>in</strong>g dayflower<br />
diffusa<br />
Tradescantia bracteata Small long-bracted spiderwort<br />
Tradescantia ohiensis Raf. Tradescantia canaliculata Raf.; Tradescantia smooth spiderwort<br />
foliosa Small; Tradescantia <strong>in</strong>carnata Small;<br />
Tradescantia ohiensis var. foliosa (Small)<br />
Tradescantia ohiensis × T. subaspera<br />
Ker-Gawl.<br />
Tradescantia ohiensis × T. virg<strong>in</strong>iana<br />
MacRoberts; Tradescantia reflexa<br />
Raf<br />
Tradescantia virg<strong>in</strong>iana L. Tradescantia brevicaulis Raf.; Tradescantia<br />
virg<strong>in</strong>iana var. alba Hook. ex Raf.<br />
Cyperaceae<br />
Bolboschoenus fluviatilis (Torr.) Schoenoplectus fluviatilis (Torr.) M.T. Strong;<br />
Soják<br />
Scirpus fluviatilis (Torr.) Gray; Scirpus<br />
maritimus L. var. fluviatilis Torr.<br />
Bolboschoenus glaucus (Lam.) S.G. Schoenoplectus glaucus (Lam.) Kartesz;<br />
Smith<br />
Scirpus glaucus Lam.<br />
Bolboschoenus maritimus (L.) Palla Schoenoplectus maritimus (L.) Lye; Scirpus<br />
ssp. maritimus<br />
maritimus L. var. maritimus<br />
Bolboschoenus maritimus (L.) Palla Bolboschoenus maritimus ssp. paludosus (A.<br />
ssp. paludosus (A. Nels.) T. Koyama Nels.) A. & D. Löve; Bolboschoenus paludosus<br />
(A. Nels.) Soó; Scirpus paludosus A. Nels.<br />
Virg<strong>in</strong>ia spiderwort<br />
sedge family<br />
river tuber-bulrush<br />
glaucous tuber-bulrush<br />
saltmarsh tuber-bulrush<br />
saltmarsh tuber-bulrush
Bolboschoenus maritimus × B.<br />
robustus<br />
Bolboschoenus novae-angliae<br />
(Britt.) S.G. Smith<br />
Bolboschoenus robustus (Pursh)<br />
Soják<br />
Bulbostylis capillaris (L.) Kunth ex<br />
C.B. Clarke<br />
Scirpus cyl<strong>in</strong>dricus (Torr.) Britt.;<br />
Schoenoplectus novae-angliae (Britt.) M.T.<br />
Strong; Scirpus novae-angliae Britt.<br />
Schoenoplectus robustus (Pursh) M.T. Strong;<br />
Scirpus robustus Pursh<br />
Bulbostylis capillaris var. crebra Fern.;<br />
Scirpus capillaris L.; Stenophyllus capillaris<br />
New England tuber-bulrush<br />
sea-coast tuber-bulrush<br />
tufted hair-sedge<br />
(L.) Britt.<br />
Carex abscondita Mackenzie Carex abscondita var. glauca (Chapman) Fern. thicket sedge<br />
Carex acutiformis Ehrh.<br />
Carex adusta Boott<br />
Carex aestivalis M.A. Curtis ex Gray<br />
lesser pond sedge<br />
swarthy sedge<br />
summer sedge<br />
Carex alata Torr.<br />
Carex albicans Willd. ex Spreng. var. Carex artitecta Mackenzie; Carex emmonsii<br />
albicans<br />
Dewey ex Torr. var. muehlenbergii (Gray) J.<br />
Rettig; Carex nigromarg<strong>in</strong>ata var.<br />
Carex albicans var. emmonsii (Dewey<br />
ex Torr.) J. Rettig<br />
Carex albolutescens Schwe<strong>in</strong>.<br />
muehlenbergii (Gray) Gleason<br />
Carex emmonsii Dewey ex Torr.<br />
broad-w<strong>in</strong>ged sedge<br />
white-t<strong>in</strong>ged sedge<br />
white-t<strong>in</strong>ged sedge<br />
green-white sedge<br />
Carex alburs<strong>in</strong>a Sheldon Carex laxiflora var. latifolia Boott white bear sedge<br />
Carex alopecoidea Tuckerman<br />
fox-tail sedge<br />
Carex amphibola Steud. Carex grisea var. amphibola (Steud.) Kükenth. eastern narrow-leaved sedge<br />
Carex annectens (Bickn.) Bickn.<br />
Carex brachyglossa Mackenzie; Carex setacea<br />
Dewey var. ambigua (Barratt ex Boott) Fern.;<br />
Carex xanthocarpa Bickn. var. annectens<br />
Bickn<br />
Carex appalachica J. Webber & P.W.<br />
Ball<br />
Carex aquatilis Wahlenb. ssp. altior Carex aquatilis var. altior (Rydb.) Fern.; Carex<br />
(Rydb.) Hultén<br />
aquatilis var. substricta Kükenth.; Carex<br />
yellow-fruited sedge<br />
Appalachian sedge<br />
water sedge<br />
substricta (Kükenth.) Mackenzie<br />
Carex arcta Boott Carex canescens var. polystachya Boott nor<strong>the</strong>rn cluster sedge<br />
Carex arctata Boott <strong>in</strong> Hook. Carex arctata var. faxonii Bailey droop<strong>in</strong>g woodland sedge<br />
Carex arctogena H. Sm.<br />
Carex capitata L. ssp. arctogena (H. Sm.) capitate sedge<br />
Hiitonen; Carex capitata L. var. arctogena (H.<br />
Carex argyrantha Tuckerman<br />
Carex a<strong>the</strong>rodes Spreng.<br />
Carex atlantica Bailey var. atlantica<br />
Carex atlantica Bailey var.<br />
capillacea (Bailey) Cronq.<br />
Sm.) Hultén<br />
Carex <strong>in</strong>comperta Bickn.; Carex stellulata<br />
Goodenough var. conferta Chapman<br />
Carex atlantica ssp. capillacea (Bailey)<br />
Reznicek; Carex howei Mackenzie<br />
silvery-flowered sedge<br />
wheat sedge<br />
prickly bog sedge<br />
prickly bog sedge
Carex atratiformis Britt.<br />
Carex atrata L. ssp. atratiformis (Britt.) scabrous black sedge<br />
Kükenth.; Carex ovata Rudge<br />
Carex aurea Nutt.<br />
golden-fruited sedge<br />
Carex backii Boott<br />
Carex backii var. subrostrata (Bates) Dorn; Back's sedge<br />
Carex durifolia Bailey<br />
Carex baileyi Britt.<br />
Bailey's sedge<br />
Carex barrattii Schwe<strong>in</strong>. & Torr.<br />
Barratt's sedge<br />
Carex bebbii Olney ex Fern. Carex tribuloides var. bebbii Bailey Bebb's sedge<br />
Carex bicknellii Britt. Carex stram<strong>in</strong>ea var. crawei Boott Bicknell's sedge<br />
Carex bigelowii Torr. ex Schwe<strong>in</strong>.<br />
ssp. bigelowii<br />
Carex rigida Goodenough; Carex rigida<br />
Goodenough var. bigelowii (Torr. ex Schwe<strong>in</strong>.)<br />
Tuckerman; Carex rigida Goodenough var.<br />
Bigelow's sedge<br />
concolor (R Br ) Kükenth<br />
Carex bill<strong>in</strong>gsii (Knight) C.D. Carex trisperma var. bill<strong>in</strong>gsii Knight Bill<strong>in</strong>gs' sedge<br />
Kirschbaum<br />
Carex blanda Dewey Carex laxiflora var. blanda (Dewey) Boott eastern woodland sedge<br />
Carex brevior (Dewey) Mackenzie ex Carex stram<strong>in</strong>ea var. brevior Dewey<br />
short-beaked sedge<br />
Lunell<br />
Carex bromoides Schkuhr ex Willd.<br />
brome-like sedge<br />
ssp. bromoides<br />
Carex brunnea Thunb.<br />
Carex brunnea var. nakiri Ohwi; Carex greater brown sedge<br />
sendaica Franch. var. nakiri (Ohwi) Koyama<br />
Carex brunnescens (Pers.) Poir. var. Carex canescens var. alpicola Wahlenb. brownish sedge<br />
brunnescens<br />
Carex brunnescens var.<br />
Carex brunnescens (Pers.) Poir. ssp.<br />
brownish sedge<br />
sphaerostachya (Tuckerman) sphaerostachya (Tuckerman) Kalela; Carex<br />
Kükenth.<br />
canescens var. sphaerostachya Tuckerman<br />
Carex bullata Schkuhr ex Willd.<br />
button sedge<br />
Carex bushii Mackenzie<br />
Carex carol<strong>in</strong>iana Schwe<strong>in</strong>. var. cuspidata Bush's sedge<br />
(Dewey) Sh<strong>in</strong>ners<br />
Carex buxbaumii Wahlenb. Carex polygama Schkuhr brown bog sedge<br />
Carex canescens L. ssp. canescens Carex subloliacea (Fern.) Bickn. hoary sedge<br />
Carex canescens L. ssp. disjuncta Carex canescens var. disjuncta Fern.; Carex hoary sedge<br />
(Fern.) Toivonen<br />
disjuncta (Fern.) Bickn.<br />
Carex capillaris L. ssp. capillaris Carex capillaris var. elongata Olney ex Fern.; hair-like sedge<br />
Carex capillaris ssp. robustior (Drej. ex<br />
Lange) Böcher<br />
Carex capillaris L. ssp. fuscidula (V. Carex fuscidula V. Krecz. ex Egorova<br />
hair-like sedge<br />
Krecz. ex Egorova) A. & D. Löve<br />
Carex caryophyllea Lat.<br />
vernal sedge<br />
Carex castanea Wahlenb. Carex flexilis Rudge chestnut sedge<br />
Carex cephaloidea (Dewey) Dewey Carex muricata L. var. cephaloidea Dewey; th<strong>in</strong>-leaved sedge<br />
Carex sparganioides var. cephaloidea (Dewey)<br />
Carex cephalophora Muhl. ex Willd.<br />
Carey<br />
oval-headed sedge<br />
Carex chordorrhiza Ehrh. ex L. f.<br />
Carex coll<strong>in</strong>sii Nutt.<br />
rope-root sedge<br />
Coll<strong>in</strong>s' sedge
Carex communis Bailey var.<br />
fibrous-rooted sedge<br />
communis<br />
Carex comosa Boott<br />
bearded sedge<br />
Carex conoidea Schkuhr ex Willd. Carex katahd<strong>in</strong>ensis Fern. open-field sedge<br />
Carex crawei Dewey<br />
Crawe's sedge<br />
Carex crawfordii Fern.<br />
Crawford's sedge<br />
Carex cr<strong>in</strong>ita Lam. var. brevicr<strong>in</strong>is<br />
fr<strong>in</strong>ged sedge<br />
Fern.<br />
Carex cr<strong>in</strong>ita Lam. var. cr<strong>in</strong>ita<br />
fr<strong>in</strong>ged sedge<br />
Carex cr<strong>in</strong>ita × C. torta<br />
Carex cristatella Britt.<br />
crested sedge<br />
Carex cryptolepis Mackenzie Carex flava var. fertilis , of authors not Peck nor<strong>the</strong>astern sedge<br />
Carex cryptolepis × C. viridula ssp.<br />
viridula<br />
Carex cumulata (Bailey) Mackenzie Carex stram<strong>in</strong>ea var. cumulata Bailey clustered sedge<br />
Carex davisii Schwe<strong>in</strong>. & Torr.<br />
Davis' sedge<br />
Carex debilis Michx. var. debilis Carex debilis var. <strong>in</strong>tercursa Fern. white-edged sedge<br />
Carex debilis Michx. var. rudgei<br />
Bailey<br />
Carex debilis var. <strong>in</strong>terjecta Bailey ; Carex<br />
debilis Michx. var. strictior Bailey; Carex<br />
white-edged sedge<br />
Carex debilis var. rudgei × C.<br />
virescens<br />
Carex deflexa Hornem. var. deflexa<br />
Carex deweyana Schwe<strong>in</strong>. var.<br />
deweyana<br />
Carex diandra Schrank<br />
Carex digitalis Willd. var. digitalis<br />
Carex disperma Dewey<br />
Carex eburnea Boott<br />
Carex ech<strong>in</strong>ata Murr. var. ech<strong>in</strong>ata<br />
Carex ech<strong>in</strong>odes (Fern.) Rothrock,<br />
Reznicek, & Hipp<br />
Carex emoryi Dewey<br />
Carex exilis Dewey<br />
Carex festucacea Schkuhr ex Willd.<br />
flexuosa Muhl. ex Willd.<br />
Carex angustior Mackenzie; Carex<br />
cephalantha (Bailey) Bickn.; Carex josselynii<br />
(Fern.) Mackenzie ex Pease; Carex muricata L.<br />
var ech<strong>in</strong>ata (Carey) Carey ex Gleason<br />
Carex tenera var. ech<strong>in</strong>odes (Fern.) Wieg.;<br />
Carex stram<strong>in</strong>ea Willd. ex Schkuhr var.<br />
ech<strong>in</strong>odes Fern.<br />
Carex millegrana T. Holm; Carex stricta var.<br />
elongata (Boeckl.) Gleason; Carex stricta var.<br />
emoryi (Dewey) Bailey<br />
nor<strong>the</strong>rn sedge<br />
round-fruited short-scaled sedge<br />
lesser tussock sedge<br />
slender woodland sedge<br />
soft-leaved sedge<br />
bristle-leaved sedge<br />
star sedge<br />
prickly quill sedge<br />
Emory's sedge<br />
meager sedge<br />
fescue sedge<br />
Carex flacca Schreb. Carex glauca Scop. glaucous sedge<br />
Carex flava L.<br />
Carex flava var. fertilis Peck; Carex flava var. yellow-green sedge<br />
gaspensis Fern.; Carex laxior (Kükenth.)<br />
Mackenzie<br />
Carex foenea Willd. Carex aenea Fern. straw sedge<br />
Carex folliculata L.<br />
nor<strong>the</strong>rn long sedge<br />
Carex formosa Dewey<br />
handsome sedge
Carex garberi Fern. Carex garberi var. bifaria Fern. elk sedge<br />
Carex glaucodea Tuckerman ex Carex flaccosperma Dewey var. glaucodea blue sedge<br />
Olney<br />
(Tuckerman ex Olney) Kükenth.<br />
Carex gracilescens Steud.<br />
Carex laxiflora var. gracillima (Boott) Boott slender loose-flowered sedge<br />
ex B.L. Rob<strong>in</strong>s. & Fern.<br />
Carex gracillima Schwe<strong>in</strong>. Carex gracillima var. macerrima Fern. & Wieg. graceful sedge<br />
Carex gracillima × C. virescens<br />
Carex granularis Muhl. ex Willd.<br />
Carex grayi Carey<br />
Carex granularis var. haleana (Olney) Porter;<br />
Carex haleana Olney; Carex shriveri Britt.<br />
Carex asa-grayi Bailey; Carex grayi var.<br />
hispidula Gray; Carex <strong>in</strong>tumescens var.<br />
limestone-meadow sedge<br />
Gray's sedge<br />
globularis Gray<br />
Carex grisea Wahlenb. Carex amphibola var. turgida Fern. <strong>in</strong>flated narrow-leaved sedge<br />
Carex gynandra Schwe<strong>in</strong>.<br />
Carex cr<strong>in</strong>ita var. gynandra (Schwe<strong>in</strong>.) nodd<strong>in</strong>g sedge<br />
Schwe<strong>in</strong>. & Torr.; Carex cr<strong>in</strong>ita var. simulans<br />
Fern.; Carex gynandra var. simulans (Fern.)<br />
Carex gynocrates Wormsk. ex Drej.<br />
Carex ×hartii Dewey<br />
Carex haydenii Dewey<br />
Carex haydenii × C. nigra<br />
Carex hirsutella Mackenzie<br />
Rolland-Germa<strong>in</strong><br />
Carex dioica L. ssp. gynocrates (Wormsk. ex<br />
Drej.) Hultén; Carex dioica L. var. gynocrates<br />
(Wormsk. ex Drej.) Ostenf.<br />
Carex lurida × C. retrorsa<br />
Carex stricta var. decora Bailey; Carex stricta<br />
var. haydenii (Dewey) Kükenth.<br />
Carex complanata Torr. & Hook. var. hirta<br />
(Willd.) Gleason; Carex hirsuta Willd.; Carex<br />
nor<strong>the</strong>rn bog sedge<br />
Hayden's sedge<br />
hirsute sedge<br />
triceps , of authors not Michx.<br />
Carex hirta L.<br />
hammer sedge<br />
Carex hirtifolia Mackenzie Carex pubescens Muhl. ex Willd. pubescent sedge<br />
Carex hitchcockiana Dewey Carex oligocarpa var. hitchcockiana (Dewey) Hitchcock's sedge<br />
Kükenth.<br />
Carex hormathodes Fern. Carex stram<strong>in</strong>ea var. <strong>in</strong>visa Boott marsh straw sedge<br />
Carex houghtoniana Torr. ex Dewey<br />
Houghton's sedge<br />
Carex hysteric<strong>in</strong>a Muhl. ex Willd.<br />
porcup<strong>in</strong>e sedge<br />
Carex <strong>in</strong>terior Bailey Carex scirpoides Schkuhr ex Willd. <strong>in</strong>land sedge<br />
Carex <strong>in</strong>tumescens Rudge Carex <strong>in</strong>tumescens var. fernaldii Bailey greater bladder sedge<br />
Carex ×knieskernii Dewey<br />
Carex arctata × C. castanea<br />
Carex kobomugi Ohwi<br />
Carex macrocephala Willd. ex Spreng. var. Japanese sedge<br />
kobomugi (Ohwi) Miyabe & Kudô<br />
Carex lacustris Willd.<br />
lakeside sedge<br />
Carex laevivag<strong>in</strong>ata (Kükenth.) Carex stipata var. laevivag<strong>in</strong>ata Kükenth. smooth-shea<strong>the</strong>d sedge<br />
Mackenzie<br />
Carex lasiocarpa Ehrh. ssp. Carex lanug<strong>in</strong>osa Michx.; Carex lanug<strong>in</strong>osa woolly-fruited sedge<br />
americana (Fern.) D. Löve & Bernard Michx. var. americana (Fern.) Boiv<strong>in</strong>; Carex<br />
lasiocarpa var. americana Fern.<br />
Carex laxiculmis Schwe<strong>in</strong>. var.<br />
laxiculmis<br />
spread<strong>in</strong>g sedge
Carex laxiflora Lam. Carex laxiflora var. serrulata F.J. Herm. broad loose-flowered sedge<br />
Carex lenticularis Michx.<br />
Carex lenticularis var. albimontana Dewey; lake shore sedge<br />
Carex lenticularis var. blakei Dewey<br />
Carex leptalea Wahlenb. ssp.<br />
bristle-stalk sedge<br />
leptalea<br />
Carex leptonervia (Fern.) Fern. Carex laxiflora var. leptonervia Fern. nerveless woodland sedge<br />
Carex limosa L.<br />
mud sedge<br />
Carex livida (Wahlenb.) Willd. Carex livida var. grayana (Dewey) Fern.; Carex livid sedge<br />
livida var. radicaulis Pa<strong>in</strong>e<br />
Carex longii Mackenzie<br />
Long's sedge<br />
Carex lucorum Willd. ex L<strong>in</strong>k ssp. Carex pensylvanica var. distans Peck<br />
Blue Ridge sedge<br />
lucorum<br />
Carex lupuliformis Sartwell ex Dewey<br />
false hop sedge<br />
Carex lupul<strong>in</strong>a Muhl. ex Willd. Carex lupul<strong>in</strong>a var. pedunculata Gray hop sedge<br />
Carex lupul<strong>in</strong>a × C. lurida<br />
Carex lurida Wahlenb.<br />
sallow sedge<br />
Carex mackenziei Krecz. Carex norvegica Willd. ex Schkuhr Mackenzie's sedge<br />
Carex magellanica Lam. ssp. irrigua Carex limosa var. irrigua Wahlenb.; Carex boreal bog sedge<br />
(Wahlenb.) Hiitonen<br />
paupercula Michx.; Carex paupercula Michx.<br />
var. irrigua (Wahlenb.) Fern.<br />
Carex media R. Br.<br />
Carex alp<strong>in</strong>a Liljeblad var. <strong>in</strong>feralp<strong>in</strong>a closed-headed sedge<br />
Wahlenb.; Carex norvegica Retz.<br />
var. <strong>in</strong>feralp<strong>in</strong>a (Wahlenb.) Hultén<br />
Carex meadii Dewey Carex tetanica var. meadii (Dewey) Bailey Mead's sedge<br />
Carex merritt-fernaldii Mackenzie Carex brevior var. pseudofestucacea Farw. Merritt Fernald's sedge<br />
Carex mesochorea Mackenzie Carex cephalophora var. mesochorea<br />
midland sedge<br />
(Mackenzie) Gleason<br />
Carex michauxiana Boeckl. Carex abacta Bailey Michaux's sedge<br />
Carex mitchelliana M.A. Curtis Carex cr<strong>in</strong>ita var. mitchelliana (M.A. Curtis) Mitchell's sedge<br />
Gleason<br />
Carex molesta Mackenzie ex Bright<br />
troublesome sedge<br />
Carex muehlenbergii Schkuhr ex Carex plana Mackenzie<br />
Muhlenberg's sedge<br />
Willd. var. enervis Boott<br />
Carex muehlenbergii Schkuhr ex<br />
Muhlenberg's sedge<br />
Willd. var. muehlenbergii<br />
Carex nigra (L.) Reichard<br />
Carex acuta L. var. nigra L.; Carex nigra var. smooth black sedge<br />
strictiformis (Bailey) Fern.<br />
Carex nigromarg<strong>in</strong>ata Schwe<strong>in</strong>.<br />
black-edged sedge<br />
Carex normalis Mackenzie Carex mirabilis Dewey greater straw sedge<br />
Carex novae-angliae Schwe<strong>in</strong>.<br />
New England sedge<br />
Carex oklahomensis Mackenzie Carex stipata var. oklahomensis (Mackenzie) Oklahoma sedge<br />
Gleason<br />
Carex oligocarpa Schkuhr ex Willd.<br />
rich woods sedge<br />
Carex oligosperma Michx.<br />
Carex ×olneyi Boott<br />
Carex ormostachya Wieg.<br />
Carex bullata × C. utriculata<br />
Carex laxiflora var. ormostachya (Wieg.)<br />
Gleason<br />
few-seeded sedge<br />
necklace spike sedge
Carex oronensis Fern.<br />
Carex ovalis Goodenough<br />
Carex paleacea Schreb. ex Wahlenb.<br />
Carex lepor<strong>in</strong>a , of authors not L.; Carex traceyi<br />
Mackenzie<br />
Carex cr<strong>in</strong>ita var. paleacea (Schreb. ex<br />
Wahlenb.) Dewey; Carex paleacea var.<br />
Orono sedge<br />
oval sedge<br />
chaffy sedge<br />
transatlantica Fern.<br />
Carex paleacea × C. stricta<br />
Carex pallescens L. Carex pallescens var. neogaea Fern. pale sedge<br />
Carex panicea L.<br />
grass-like sedge<br />
Carex pauciflora Lightf.<br />
few-flowered sedge<br />
Carex peckii Howe<br />
Carex clivicola Fern. & Wea<strong>the</strong>rby; Carex Peck's sedge<br />
nigromarg<strong>in</strong>ata var. elliptica (Boott) Gleason<br />
Carex pedunculata Muhl. ex Willd.<br />
long-stalked sedge<br />
ssp. pedunculata<br />
Carex pellita Muhl.<br />
Carex lanug<strong>in</strong>osa , of authors not Michx.; Carex woolly sedge<br />
lasiocarpa var. latifolia (Boeckl.) Gilly<br />
Carex pensylvanica Lam.<br />
Pennsylvania sedge<br />
Carex plantag<strong>in</strong>ea Lam.<br />
planta<strong>in</strong>-leaved sedge<br />
Carex platyphylla Carey<br />
broad-leaved sedge<br />
Carex polymorpha Muhl.<br />
variable sedge<br />
Carex praegracilis W. Boott freeway sedge<br />
Carex prairea Dewey ex Wood Carex diandra var. ramosa (Boott) Fern. prairie sedge<br />
Carex pras<strong>in</strong>a Wahlenb.<br />
droop<strong>in</strong>g sedge<br />
Carex praticola Rydb.<br />
Carex platylepis Mackenzie; Carex pratensis nor<strong>the</strong>rn meadow sedge<br />
Drej.<br />
Carex projecta Mackenzie<br />
necklace sedge<br />
Carex pseudocyperus L.<br />
cypress-like sedge<br />
Carex ×pseudohelvola Kihlm. Carex canescens × C. mackenziei<br />
Carex radiata (Wahlenb.) Small Carex rosea var. radiata (Wahlenb.) Dewey; eastern star sedge<br />
Carex stellulata Goodenough var. radiata<br />
Wahlenb.; Carex sylvicola J. Webber &<br />
P W Ball<br />
Carex rariflora (Wahlenb.) Sm. Carex limosa var. rariflora Wahlenb. loose-flowered alp<strong>in</strong>e sedge<br />
Carex recta Boott<br />
Carex kattegatensis Fries ex L<strong>in</strong>dm.; Carex estuary sedge<br />
×neofilipendula Lepage; Carex sal<strong>in</strong>a<br />
Wahlenb. var. kattegatensis (Fries ex L<strong>in</strong>dm.)<br />
Almquist; Carex ×subnigra Lepage<br />
Carex retroflexa Muhl. ex Willd.<br />
reflexed sedge<br />
Carex retrorsa Schwe<strong>in</strong>.<br />
retrorse sedge<br />
Carex reznicekii Werier<br />
Reznicek's sedge<br />
Carex richardsonii R. Br.<br />
Richardson's sedge<br />
Carex rosea Schkuhr ex Willd. Carex convoluta Mackenzie rosy sedge<br />
Carex rostrata Stokes<br />
beaked sedge<br />
Carex ×ruedtii Kneuck.<br />
Carex flava × C. viridula<br />
Carex saxatilis L.<br />
Carex miliaris Michx.; Carex rhomalea (Fern.) russet sedge<br />
Mackenzie; Carex saxatilis var. miliaris<br />
(Michx.) Bailey; Carex saxatilis var. rhomalea<br />
Carex scabrata Schwe<strong>in</strong>.<br />
Fern<br />
eastern rough sedge
Carex schwe<strong>in</strong>itzii Dewey ex Schwe<strong>in</strong>.<br />
Schwe<strong>in</strong>itz's sedge<br />
Carex scirpoidea Michx. ssp. Carex scirpiformis Mackenzie Canadian s<strong>in</strong>gle-spike sedge<br />
scirpoidea<br />
Carex scoparia Schkuhr ex Willd.<br />
po<strong>in</strong>ted broom sedge<br />
Carex scoparia × C. stram<strong>in</strong>ea<br />
Carex scoparia × C. t<strong>in</strong>cta<br />
Carex seorsa Howe<br />
weak stellate sedge<br />
Carex siccata Dewey Carex foenea , <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> sense of Fernald (1950) dry land sedge<br />
Carex silicea Olney<br />
sea-beach sedge<br />
Carex sparganioides Muhl. ex Willd. bur-reed sedge<br />
Carex spicata Huds. Carex contigua Hoppe prickly sedge<br />
Carex sprengelii Dewey ex Spreng. Carex longirostris Torr. long-beaked sedge<br />
Carex squarrosa L.<br />
squarrose sedge<br />
Carex ×stenolepis Less<strong>in</strong>g<br />
Carex saxatilis × C. vesicaria ; Carex<br />
×ma<strong>in</strong>ensis Porter ex Britt.<br />
Carex sterilis Willd. Carex elachycarpa Fern.; Carex muricata L.<br />
var. sterilis (Fern.) Gleason; Kobresia<br />
dioecious sedge<br />
elachycarpa (Fern.) Fern.<br />
Carex stipata Muhl. ex Willd. var.<br />
awl-fruited sedge<br />
stipata<br />
Carex stram<strong>in</strong>ea Willd. ex Schkuhr Carex richii (Fern.) Mackenzie eastern straw sedge<br />
Carex striata Michx.<br />
Carex striata var. brevis Bailey; Carex Walter's sedge<br />
walteriana Bailey<br />
Carex striatula Michx. Carex laxiflora var. angustifolia Dewey l<strong>in</strong>ed sedge<br />
Carex stricta Lam.<br />
Carex stricta var. strictior (Dewey) Carey; tussock sedge<br />
Carex strictior Dewey<br />
Carex styloflexa Buckl.<br />
bent sedge<br />
Carex swanii (Fern.) Mackenzie Carex virescens var. swanii Fern. Swan's sedge<br />
Carex sychnocephala Carey<br />
many-headed sedge<br />
Carex tenera Dewey<br />
delicate quill sedge<br />
Carex tenuiflora Wahlenb.<br />
sparse-flowered sedge<br />
Carex tetanica Schkuhr<br />
rigid sedge<br />
Carex t<strong>in</strong>cta (Fern.) Fern. Carex mirabilis Dewey var. t<strong>in</strong>cta Fern. t<strong>in</strong>ged sedge<br />
Carex tonsa (Fern.) Bickn. var. Carex rugosperma Mackenzie<br />
shaved sedge<br />
rugosperma (Mackenzie) W.J. Cr<strong>in</strong>s<br />
Carex tonsa (Fern.) Bickn. var. tonsa Carex rugosperma Mackenzie var. tonsa (Fern.) shaved sedge<br />
E.G. Voss; Carex umbellata var. tonsa Fern.<br />
Carex torta Boott ex Tuckerman Carex acuta L. var. sparsiflora Dewey; Carex twisted sedge<br />
torta var. composita Porter<br />
Carex tribuloides Wahlenb. var.<br />
blunt broom sedge<br />
tribuloides<br />
Carex ×trich<strong>in</strong>a Fern.<br />
Carex tenuiflora × C. trisperma<br />
Carex trichocarpa Muhl. ex Willd.<br />
hairy-fruited sedge<br />
Carex trisperma Dewey<br />
three-seeded sedge<br />
Carex tuckermanii Dewey<br />
Tuckerman's sedge<br />
Carex typh<strong>in</strong>a Michx. Carex squarrosa var. typh<strong>in</strong>a (Michx.) Nutt. cattail sedge
Carex umbellata Schkuhr ex Willd. Carex abdita Bickn. parasol sedge<br />
Carex utriculata Boott Carex rostrata var. utriculata (Boott) Bailey swollen-beaked sedge<br />
Carex vacillans Drej. ex Hartman Carex ×super-goodenoughii (Kükenth.) Lepage sw<strong>in</strong>g<strong>in</strong>g sedge<br />
Carex vag<strong>in</strong>ata Tausch Carex saltuensis Bailey shea<strong>the</strong>d sedge<br />
Carex vesicaria L.<br />
Carex monile Tuckerman; Carex vesicaria var.<br />
jejuna Fern.; Carex vesicaria var. laurentiana<br />
Fern.; Carex vesicaria var. monile (Tuckerman)<br />
Fern.; Carex vesicaria var. raeana (Boott) Fern.<br />
lesser bladder sedge<br />
Carex vestita Willd.<br />
velvet sedge<br />
Carex virescens Muhl. ex Willd. Carex costata Schwe<strong>in</strong>. ribbed sedge<br />
Carex viridula Michx. ssp. oedocarpa Carex demissa Hornem.<br />
little green sedge<br />
(Anderss.) B. Schmid<br />
Carex viridula Michx. ssp. viridula<br />
var. viridula<br />
Carex oederi Ehrh.; Carex oederi Retz. var.<br />
pumila (Cosson & Germa<strong>in</strong>) Fern.; Carex oederi<br />
Retz. ssp. viridula (Michx.) Hultén; Carex<br />
oederi Retz. var. viridula (Michx.) Kükenth.<br />
little green sedge<br />
Carex vulp<strong>in</strong>oidea Michx. Carex setacea Dewey common fox sedge<br />
Carex wiegandii Mackenzie<br />
Wiegand's sedge<br />
Carex waponahkikensis M. Lovit & Carex scoparia var. tessellata Fern. & Wieg. Dawn-land sedge<br />
A. Ha<strong>in</strong>es<br />
Carex willdenowii Schkuhr ex Willd.<br />
Willdenow's sedge<br />
Cladium mariscoides (Muhl.) Torr. Mariscus mariscoides (Muhl.) Kuntze smooth saw-sedge<br />
Cyperus acum<strong>in</strong>atus Torr. & Hook.<br />
taper-tipped flatsedge<br />
ex Torr.<br />
Cyperus bipartitus Torr.<br />
Cyperus rivularis Kunth; Pycreus rivularis sh<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g flatsedge<br />
(Kunth) Palla<br />
Cyperus dentatus Torr.<br />
too<strong>the</strong>d flatsedge<br />
Cyperus diandrus Torr. Pycreus diander (Torr.) C.B. Clarke umbrella flatsedge<br />
Cyperus ech<strong>in</strong>atus (L.) Wood Cyperus ovularis (Michx.) Torr. globe flatsedge<br />
Cyperus erythrorhizos Muhl. Cyperus halei Torr. ex Britt. red-root flatsedge<br />
Cyperus esculentus L. var.<br />
Cyperus esculentus var. angustispicatus Britt.; nut flatsedge<br />
leptostachyus Boeck.<br />
Cyperus tuberosus Pursh<br />
Cyperus filic<strong>in</strong>us Vahl Cyperus polystachyos var. filic<strong>in</strong>us (Vahl) C.B. fern flatsedge<br />
Clarke<br />
Cyperus flavescens L.<br />
Cyperus flavescens var. poiformis (Pursh) yellow flatsedge<br />
Fern.; Pycreus flavescens (L.) Reichenb.<br />
Cyperus fuscus L.<br />
brown flatsedge<br />
Cyperus grayi Torr. Cyperus filiculmis var. oblitus Fern. & Grisc. Gray's flatsedge<br />
Cyperus houghtonii Torr.<br />
Houghton's flatsedge<br />
Cyperus iria L.<br />
rice-field flatsedge<br />
Cyperus lupul<strong>in</strong>us (Spreng.) Marcks Cyperus filiculmis Vahl Great Pla<strong>in</strong>s flatsedge<br />
var. lupul<strong>in</strong>us<br />
Cyperus lupul<strong>in</strong>us (Spreng.) Marcks Cyperus filiculmis Vahl var. macilentus Fern.; Great Pla<strong>in</strong>s flatsedge<br />
var. macilentus (Fern.) A. Ha<strong>in</strong>es Cyperus lupul<strong>in</strong>us ssp. macilentus (Fern.)<br />
Marcks
Cyperus ×mesochorus Geise Cyperus lupul<strong>in</strong>us × C. schwe<strong>in</strong>itzii<br />
Cyperus microiria Steud.<br />
Cyperus iria var. microiria (Steud.) Franch. & lesser rice-field flatsedge<br />
Savatier; Cyperus iria var.<br />
rectangularis Kükenth.<br />
Cyperus odoratus L. Cyperus engelmannii Steud.; Cyperus ferax rusty flatsedge<br />
L.C. Rich; Cyperus ferrug<strong>in</strong>escens Boeckl.;<br />
Torul<strong>in</strong>ium odoratum (L.) S. Hooper<br />
Cyperus polystachyos Rottb. Cyperus polystachyos var. texensis (Torr.) Fern.; many-spiked flatsedge<br />
Pycreus polystachyos (Rottb.) Beauv.<br />
Cyperus pseudovegetus Steud. Cyperus virens Michx. var. arenicola (Boeckl.) marsh flatsedge<br />
Sh<strong>in</strong>ners<br />
Cyperus retrorsus Chapman Cyperus cyl<strong>in</strong>dricus (Ell.) Britt.; Mariscus p<strong>in</strong>e barren flatsedge<br />
cyl<strong>in</strong>dricus Ell.; Mariscus retrorsus (Chapman)<br />
C.B. Clarke<br />
Cyperus schwe<strong>in</strong>itzii Torr. Mariscus schwe<strong>in</strong>itzii (Torr.) T. Koyama Schwe<strong>in</strong>itz's flatsedge<br />
Cyperus squarrosus L. Cyperus aristatus Rottbøll; Cyperus <strong>in</strong>flexus awned flatsedge<br />
Muhl.<br />
Cyperus strigosus L. Cyperus strigosus var. robustior Britt. straw-colored flatsedge<br />
Dulichium arund<strong>in</strong>aceum (L.) Britt. Cyperus arund<strong>in</strong>aceus L. three-way sedge<br />
var. arund<strong>in</strong>aceum<br />
Dulichium arund<strong>in</strong>aceum ×<br />
Cyperus ×wea<strong>the</strong>rbianus Fern.<br />
Rynchospora capitellata<br />
Eleocharis acicularis (L.) Roemer & Eleocharis acicularis var. submersa (H.J. needle spikesedge<br />
J.A. Schultes<br />
Nilss.) Svens.<br />
Eleocharis aestuum A. Ha<strong>in</strong>es Eleocharis ovata var. aphanactis Moore; tidal spikesedge<br />
Eleocharis pallidostachys , unpublished name<br />
Eleocharis ambigens Fern.<br />
ambiguous spikesedge<br />
Eleocharis compressa Sullivant var. Eleocharis elliptica var. compressa (Sullivant) flat-stemmed spikesedge<br />
compressa<br />
Drapalik & Mohlenbrock<br />
Eleocharis diandra C. Wright Eleocharis diandra var. depressa Fern. Wright's spikesedge<br />
Eleocharis elliptica Kunth var. Eleocharis capitata (L.) R. Br. var. borealis elliptic spikesedge<br />
elliptica<br />
Svens.; Eleocharis tenuis var. borealis (Svens.)<br />
Eleocharis engelmannii Steud. var.<br />
detonsa Gray <strong>in</strong> H. Patters.<br />
Eleocharis engelmannii Steud. var.<br />
engelmannii<br />
Gleason<br />
Eleocharis monticola Fern. var. leviseta Fern.;<br />
Eleocharis obtusa var. detonsa (Gray)<br />
Drapalick & Mohlenbrock<br />
Eleocharis monticola Fern.; Eleocharis obtusa<br />
var. engelmannii (Steud.) Britt.<br />
Engelmann's spikesedge<br />
Engelmann's spikesedge<br />
Eleocharis equisetoides (Ell.) Torr. Scirpus equisetoides Ell. horsetail spikesedge<br />
Eleocharis erythropoda Steud. Eleocharis calva Torr. red-footed spikesedge<br />
Eleocharis fallax Wea<strong>the</strong>rby<br />
creep<strong>in</strong>g spikesedge<br />
Eleocharis flavescens (Poir.) Urban Eleocharis olivacea Torr. yellow spikesedge<br />
var. olivacea (Torr.) Gleason<br />
Eleocharis <strong>in</strong>termedia J.A. Schultes<br />
mudflat spikesedge<br />
Eleocharis melanocarpa Torr.<br />
black-fruited spikesedge<br />
Eleocharis microcarpa Torr. var.<br />
small-fruited spikesedge<br />
filiculmis Torr.<br />
Eleocharis nitida Fern.<br />
quill spikesedge
Eleocharis obtusa J.A. Schultes var.<br />
obtusa<br />
Eleocharis obtusa (Willd.) J.A.<br />
Schultes var. peasei Svens.<br />
Eleocharis ovata (Roth) Roemer &<br />
J.A. Schultes<br />
Eleocharis palustris (L.) Roemer &<br />
J.A. Schultes ssp. palustris<br />
Eleocharis obtusa var. jejuna Fern.;<br />
Eleocharis ovata var. obtusa (Willd.)<br />
Kükenth.; Scirpus obtusus Willd.<br />
Eleocharis obtusa var. heuseri Uechtr.;<br />
Eleocharis obtusa var. ovata (Roth) Drapalik &<br />
Mohlenbrock; Scirpus ovatus Roth<br />
Eleocharis palustris var. major Sonder;<br />
Eleocharis palustris var. vigens L.H. Bailey;<br />
Eleocharis smallii Britt.; Scirpus palustris L.<br />
Eleocharis palustris (L.) Roemer & Eleocharis palustris var. major Sonder;<br />
J.A. Schultes ssp. vigens (L.H. Bailey) Eleocharis palustris var. vigens L.H. Bailey<br />
A. Ha<strong>in</strong>es<br />
Eleocharis parvula (Roemer & J.A.<br />
Schultes) L<strong>in</strong>k ex Bluff, Nees, &<br />
Schauer<br />
Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michx.) Eleocharis quadrangulata var. crassior Fern.;<br />
Roemer & J.A. Schultes<br />
Scirpus quadrangulatus Michx.<br />
Eleocharis qu<strong>in</strong>queflora (F.X. Eleocharis pauciflora (Lightf.) L<strong>in</strong>k;<br />
Hartmann) Schwarz ssp. fernaldii Eleocharis pauciflora (Lightf.) L<strong>in</strong>k var.<br />
(Svens.) Hultén<br />
fernaldii Svens.; Scirpus qu<strong>in</strong>quefolius F.X.<br />
blunt spikesedge<br />
blunt spikesedge<br />
ovoid spikesedge<br />
common spikesedge<br />
common spikesedge<br />
little-headed spikesedge<br />
square-stemmed spikesedge<br />
few-flowered spikesedge<br />
Hartmann<br />
Eleocharis robb<strong>in</strong>sii Oakes Robb<strong>in</strong>s' spikesedge<br />
Eleocharis rostellata (Torr.) Torr. Scirpus rostellatus Torr. beaked spikesedge<br />
Eleocharis tenuis (Willd.) J.A. Eleocharis capitata (L.) Br. var. pseudoptera slender spikesedge<br />
Schultes var. pseudoptera<br />
Wea<strong>the</strong>rby ex Svens.; Eleochairs elliptica<br />
(Wea<strong>the</strong>rby ex Svens.) Svens. var. pseudoptera (Wea<strong>the</strong>rby ex Svens.) L.<br />
Harms<br />
Eleocharis tenuis (Willd.) J.A. Eleocharis capitata , <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> sense of Blake slender spikesedge<br />
Schultes var. tenuis<br />
Eleocharis tricostata Torr. three-angled spikesedge<br />
Eleocharis tuberculosa (Michx.) Scirpus tuberculosa Michx. long-tubercled spikesedge<br />
Roemer & J.A. Schultes<br />
Eleocharis uniglumis (L<strong>in</strong>k) J.A. Eleocharis halophila (Fern. & Brack.) Fern. & one-glumed spikesedge<br />
Schultes<br />
Brack.; Eleocharis uniglumis var.<br />
halophila Fern. & Brack.; Scirpus uniglumis<br />
Eriophorum angustifolium Honckeny<br />
ssp. angustifolium<br />
Eriophorum gracile W.D.J. Koch<br />
Eriophorum tenellum Nutt.<br />
Eriophorum vag<strong>in</strong>atum L. ssp.<br />
spissum (Fern.) Hultén<br />
Eriophorum virg<strong>in</strong>icum L.<br />
Eriophorum viridicar<strong>in</strong>atum<br />
(Engelm.) Fern.<br />
Fimbristylis autumnalis (L.) Roemer<br />
& J.A. Schultes<br />
L<strong>in</strong>k<br />
tall cottonsedge<br />
slender cottonsedge<br />
few-nerved cottonsedge<br />
Eriophorum spissum Fern.; Eriophorum tussock cottonsedge<br />
vag<strong>in</strong>atum L. var. spissum (Fern.) Boiv<strong>in</strong><br />
tawny cottonsedge<br />
Eriophorum latifolium Hoppe var. viridicar<strong>in</strong>atu green-keeled cottonsedge<br />
Fimbristylis autumnalis var. mucronulata<br />
(Michx.) Fern.; Scirpus autumnalis L.<br />
slender fimbry
Fuirena pumila (Torr.) Spreng. Fuirena squarrosa var. pumila Torr. dwarf umbrella-sedge<br />
Fuirena squarrosa Michx. Fuirena squarrosa var. hispida (Ell.) Chapman hairy umbrella-sedge<br />
Kyll<strong>in</strong>ga gracillima Miq. Cyperus brevifolioides Thieret & Delahoussaye pasture greenhead-sedge<br />
Lipocarpha micrantha (Vahl) G. Hemicarpha micrantha (Vahl) Pax; Scirpus small-flowered dwarf-bulrush<br />
Tucker<br />
micranthus Vahl<br />
Rhynchospora alba (L.) Vahl<br />
white beaksedge<br />
Rhynchospora capillacea Torr. Rhynchospora capillacea var. leviseta E.J. Hill needle beaksedge<br />
Rhynchospora capitellata (Michx.) Rhynchospora glomerata (L.) Vahl var. brownish beaksedge<br />
Vahl<br />
capitellata (Michx.) Kükenth.<br />
Rhynchospora fusca (L.) Ait. f. Rhynchospora alba var. fusca (L.) Vahl; Schoenu brown beaksedge<br />
Rhynchospora <strong>in</strong>undata (Oakes) Ceratoschoenus macrostachys (Torr. ex Gray) narrow-fruited beaksedge<br />
Fern.<br />
Gray var. <strong>in</strong>undatus Oakes; Rhynchospora<br />
macrostachya var. <strong>in</strong>undata (Oakes) Fern.<br />
Rhynchospora macrostachya Torr. ex<br />
tall beaksedge<br />
Gray<br />
Rhynchospora nitens (Vahl) Gray Psilocarya nitens (Vahl) Wood short-beaked beaksedge<br />
Rhynchospora scirpoides (Torr.) Psilocarya scirpoides Torr. long-beaked beaksedge<br />
Gray<br />
Schoenoplectiella purshiana (Fern.) Scirpus debilis Pursh; Scirpus purshianus weak-stalked bulrush<br />
Lye var. purshianus<br />
Fern.; Schoenoplectus purshianus (Fern.) M.T.<br />
Schoenoplectiella purshiana (Fern.)<br />
Lye var. williamsii (Fern.) Shiels &<br />
Monfils<br />
Schoenoplectiella smithii (Gray)<br />
Shiels & Monfils var. levisetus<br />
(Fassett) Shiels & Monfils<br />
Schoenoplectiella smithii (Gray)<br />
Shiels & Monfils var. setosus (Fern.)<br />
Shiels & Monfils<br />
Schoenoplectiella smithii (Gray)<br />
Shiels & Monfils var. smithii<br />
Rhynchospora torreyana Gray<br />
Schoenoplectus acutus (Muhl. ex<br />
Bigelow) A. & D. Löve var. acutus<br />
Schoenoplectus acutus × S.<br />
tabernaemontani<br />
Schoenoplectus americanus (Pers.)<br />
Volk. ex Sch<strong>in</strong>z & R. Keller<br />
Schoenoplectus ×contortus (Eames)<br />
S.G. Sm.<br />
Schoenoplectus etuberculatus<br />
(Steud.) Soják<br />
Strong<br />
Scirpus juncoides Roxb. var. williamsii (Fern.)<br />
T. Koyama; Scirpus purshianus Fern.<br />
var. williamsii Fern.; Schoenoplectus<br />
purshianus (Fern.) M.T. Strong var. williamsii<br />
(Fern )SG Sm<br />
Scirpus smithii Gray var. levisetus Fassett;<br />
Schoenoplectus smithii (Gray) Soják var.<br />
levisetus (Fassett) S.G. Sm.<br />
Scirpus smithii Gray var. setosus Fern.;<br />
Schoenoplectus smithii (Gray) Soják var.<br />
setosus (Fern.) S.G. Sm<br />
Scirpus smithii Gray; Schoenoplectus smithii<br />
(Gray) Soják<br />
Schoenoplectus lacustris (L.) Palla ssp. acutus<br />
(Muhl. ex Bigelow) A. & D. Löve; Scirpus<br />
acutus Muhl. ex Bigelow; Scirpus occidentalis<br />
(S Wats ) Chase<br />
weak-stalked bulrush<br />
Smith's bulrush<br />
Smith's bulrush<br />
Smith's bulrush<br />
Torrey's beaksedge<br />
hard-stemmed bulrush<br />
Scirpus americanus Pers.; Scirpus olneyi Gray chair-maker's bulrush<br />
Schoenoplectus americanus × S. pungens ;<br />
Scirpus ×contortus (Eames) T. Koyama<br />
Scirpus etuberculatus (Steud.) Kuntze Canby's bulrush
Schoenoplectus hallii (Gray) S.G.<br />
Sm.<br />
Schoenoplectus heterochaetus<br />
(Chase) Soják<br />
Schoenoplectus ×oblongus (T.<br />
Koyama) Soják<br />
Schoenoplectus pungens (Vahl) Palla<br />
var. pungens<br />
Schoenoplectus ×ste<strong>in</strong>metzii (Fern.)<br />
S.G. Sm.<br />
Scirpus hallii Gray; Scirpus sup<strong>in</strong>us L. var. Hall's bulrush<br />
hallii (Gray) Gray<br />
Scirpus heterochaetus Chase; Scirpus lacustris slender bulrush<br />
L. var. tenuiculmis Sheldon<br />
Schoenoplectus acutus × S. heterochaetus ;<br />
Scirpus ×oblongus T. Koyama<br />
Scirpus pungens Vahl three-square bulrush<br />
Schoenoplectus heterochaetus ×<br />
S. tabernaemontani ; Scirpus ×ste<strong>in</strong>metzii Fern.<br />
Schoenoplectus subterm<strong>in</strong>alis (Torr.)<br />
Soják<br />
Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani<br />
(K.C. Gmel.) Palla<br />
Scirpus subterm<strong>in</strong>alis Torr. water bulrush<br />
Schoenoplectus validus (Vahl) A. & D. Löve; soft-stemmed bulrush<br />
Scirpus lacustris L. ssp. creber (Fern.) T.<br />
Koyama; Scirpus tabernaemontani K.C. Gmel.;<br />
Scirpus validus Vahl; Scirpus validus Vahl var.<br />
creber Fern<br />
Schoenoplectus torreyi (Olney) Palla Scirpus torreyi Olney Torrey's bulrush<br />
Scirpus ancistrochaetus Schuyler nor<strong>the</strong>astern bulrush<br />
Scirpus atroc<strong>in</strong>ctus Fern.<br />
Scirpus cyper<strong>in</strong>us var. brachypodus (Fern.) black-girdled woolsedge<br />
Gilly<br />
Scirpus atroc<strong>in</strong>ctus × S. cyper<strong>in</strong>us<br />
Scirpus atrovirens Willd.<br />
dark-green bulrush<br />
Scirpus cyper<strong>in</strong>us (L.) Kunth Scirpus cyper<strong>in</strong>us var. pelius Fern.; Scirpus common woolsedge<br />
cyper<strong>in</strong>us var. rubricosus Fern.<br />
Scirpus expansus Fern.<br />
wood bulrush<br />
Scirpus georgianus Harper Scirpus atrovirens var. georgianus (Harper) Georgia bulrush<br />
Fern.<br />
Scirpus hattorianus Mak<strong>in</strong>o<br />
mosquito bulrush<br />
Scirpus longii Fern.<br />
Long's woolsedge<br />
Scirpus microcarpus J. & K. Presl Scirpus microcarpus var. rubrot<strong>in</strong>ctus (Fern.) barber-pole bulrush<br />
M.E. Jones; Scirpus rubrot<strong>in</strong>ctus Fern.<br />
Scirpus ×peckii Britt. Scirpus atroc<strong>in</strong>ctus × S. hattorianus<br />
Scirpus pedicellatus Fern.<br />
Scirpus cyper<strong>in</strong>us var. pedicellatus (Fern.) stalked woolsedge<br />
Schuyler<br />
Scirpus pendulus Muhl. Scirpus l<strong>in</strong>eatus , of authors not Michx. rufous bulrush<br />
Scirpus polyphyllus Vahl<br />
leafy bulrush<br />
Scleria pauciflora Muhl. ex Willd. Scleria pauciflora var. kansana Fern. few-flowered nutsedge<br />
var. carol<strong>in</strong>iana (Willd.) Wood<br />
Scleria pauciflora Muhl. ex Willd. Scleria ciliata Michx. var. pauciflora (Muhl. ex few-flowered nutsedge<br />
var. pauciflora<br />
Willd.) Kükenth.<br />
Scleria reticularis Michx.<br />
netted nutsedge<br />
Scleria triglomerata Michx. Scleria flaccida Steud.; Scleria nitida Willd. whip nutsedge<br />
Scleria verticillata Muhl. ex Willd. low nutsedge<br />
Trichophorum alp<strong>in</strong>um (L.) Pers. Baeothryon alp<strong>in</strong>um (L.) Egor.; Eriophorella alp<strong>in</strong>e clubsedge<br />
alp<strong>in</strong>a (L.) Holub; Eriophorum alp<strong>in</strong>um L.;<br />
Scirpus hudsonianus (Michx.) Fern.
Trichophorum cespitosum (L.) Baeothryon cespitosum (L.) A. Dietr.; Scirpus tufted clubsedge<br />
Hartman ssp. cespitosum<br />
cespitosus L.; Scirpus cespitosus L. var.<br />
callosus Bigelow; Scirpus cespitosus L. var.<br />
delicatulus Fern<br />
Trichophorum cl<strong>in</strong>tonii (Gray) S.G. Baeothryon cl<strong>in</strong>tonii (Gray) A. & D. Löve; Cl<strong>in</strong>ton's clubsedge<br />
Sm.<br />
Scirpus cl<strong>in</strong>tonii Gray<br />
Trichophorum planifolium (Spreng.) Baeothryon verecundum (Fern.) A. & D. Löve; bashful clubsedge<br />
Palla<br />
Scirpus planifolius Muhl.; Scirpus verecundus<br />
Fern.<br />
Dioscoreaceae<br />
yam family<br />
Dioscorea polystachya Turcz. Dioscorea batatas Dcne. Ch<strong>in</strong>ese yam<br />
Dioscorea villosa L. Dioscorea hirticaulis Bartlett; Dioscorea wild yam<br />
villosa var. hirticaulis (Bartlett) Ahles<br />
Eriocaulaceae<br />
pipewort family<br />
Eriocaulon aquaticum (Hill) Druce<br />
Eriocaulon parkeri B.L. Rob<strong>in</strong>s.<br />
Haemodoraceae<br />
Lachnan<strong>the</strong>s carol<strong>in</strong>iana (Lam.)<br />
Dandy<br />
Hemerocallidaceae<br />
Cespa aquatica Hill; Eriocaulon pellucidum<br />
Michx.<br />
Dilatris carol<strong>in</strong>iana Lam.; Gyro<strong>the</strong>ca t<strong>in</strong>ctoria<br />
(J.F. Gmel.) Salisb.; Lachnan<strong>the</strong>s t<strong>in</strong>ctoria (J.F.<br />
Gmel.) Ell.<br />
seven-angled pipewort<br />
Parker's pipewort<br />
bloodwort family<br />
Carol<strong>in</strong>a bloodroot<br />
day-lily family<br />
Hemerocallis fulva (L.) L. Hemerocallis lilioasphodelus var. fulvus L. orange day-lily<br />
Hemerocallis lilioasphodelus L. Hemerocallis flava (L.) L. yellow day-lily<br />
Hostaceae<br />
hosta family<br />
Hosta lancifolia Tratt. Hemerocallis japonica (Thunb.) Thunb.;<br />
Hemerocallis lancifolia Thunb.; Hosta<br />
narrow-leaved planta<strong>in</strong>-lily<br />
japonica (Houtt.) Voss<br />
Hosta ventricosa (Salisb.) Stearn Bryocles ventricosa Salisb. blue planta<strong>in</strong>-lily<br />
Hyac<strong>in</strong>thaceae<br />
hyac<strong>in</strong>th family<br />
Chionodoxa forbesii Baker Forbes' glory-of-<strong>the</strong>-snow<br />
Chionodoxa luciliae Boiss.<br />
Lucile's glory-of-<strong>the</strong>-snow<br />
Muscari botryoides (L.) P. Mill. Hyac<strong>in</strong>thus botryoides L. common grape-hyac<strong>in</strong>th<br />
Muscari neglectum Guss. ex Ten. Hyac<strong>in</strong>thus racemosus L.; Muscari atlanticum starch grape-hyac<strong>in</strong>th<br />
Boiss. & Reut.<br />
Ornithogalum nutans L.<br />
nodd<strong>in</strong>g star-of-Bethlehem<br />
Ornithogalum umbellatum L.<br />
nap-at-noon<br />
Othocallis siberica (Haw. ex Andr.) Scilla siberica Haw. ex Andr.<br />
Siberian squill<br />
Speta<br />
Hydrocharitaceae<br />
frog's-bit family<br />
Egeria densa Planch. Anacharis densa (Planch.) Victor<strong>in</strong> Brazilian-waterweed<br />
Elodea canadensis Michx. Anacharis canadensis (Michx.) Planch. common waterweed<br />
Elodea nuttallii (Planch.) St. John Anacharis nuttallii Planch. free-flowered waterweed<br />
Hydrilla verticillata (L. f.) Royle Serpicula verticillata L. f. water-thyme<br />
Hydrocharis morsus -ranae L.<br />
European frog's-bit<br />
Limnobium spongia (Bosc) Rich. ex<br />
Steud.<br />
Hydrocharis spongia Bosc American spongeplant
Najas flexilis (Willd.) Rostk. & Caul<strong>in</strong>ia flexilis Willd.; Najas caespitosa wavy waternymph<br />
Schmidt<br />
(Maguire) Reveal<br />
Najas flexilis × N. quadalupensis<br />
ssp. olivacea<br />
Najas gracillima (A. Braun ex Najas <strong>in</strong>dica (Willd.) Cham. var. gracillima A. slender waternymph<br />
Engelm.) Magnus<br />
Braun ex Engelm.<br />
Najas guadalupensis (Spreng.) Caul<strong>in</strong>ia guadalupensis Spreng. Guadalupe waternymph<br />
Magnus ssp. guadalupensis<br />
Najas guadalupensis (Spreng.) Najas guadalupensis var. olivacea (Rosendahl Guadalupe waternymph<br />
Magnus ssp. olivacea (Rosendahl &<br />
Butters) Haynes & Hellquist<br />
& Butters) Haynes; Najas olivacea Rosendahl<br />
& Butters<br />
Najas m<strong>in</strong>or All. Caul<strong>in</strong>ia m<strong>in</strong>or (All.) Coss. & Germ. brittle waternymph<br />
Vallisneria americana Michx. Vallisneria spiralis , of authors not L. tape-grass<br />
Hypoxidaceae<br />
star-grass family<br />
Hypoxis hirsuta (L.) Coville Hypoxis carol<strong>in</strong>ensis Michx.; Ornithogalum<br />
hirsutum L.<br />
Iridaceae<br />
common star-grass<br />
iris family<br />
Crocus vernus (L.) Hill ssp. vernus<br />
Dutch crocus<br />
Iris cristata Soland. ex Ait. Neubeckia cristata (Soland. ex Ait.) Alef. crested iris<br />
Iris domestica (L.) Goldblatt & Belamcanda ch<strong>in</strong>ensis (L.) DC.; Epidendrum blackberry-lily<br />
Mabberly<br />
domesticum L.; Gemm<strong>in</strong>gia ch<strong>in</strong>ensis (L.)<br />
Kuntze; Ixia ch<strong>in</strong>ensis L.<br />
Iris ensata Thunb. Iris kaempferi Sieb. ex Lemaire Russian iris<br />
Iris germanica L.<br />
German iris<br />
Iris hookeri Penny ex D. Don Iris setosa Pallas ex L<strong>in</strong>k var. canadensis M. beach-head iris<br />
Foster<br />
Iris prismatica Pursh ex Ker-Gawl.<br />
slender blue iris<br />
Iris pseudacorus L.<br />
yellow iris<br />
Iris pumila L.<br />
dwarf iris<br />
Iris sibirica L.<br />
Siberian iris<br />
Iris tectorum Maxim.<br />
wall iris<br />
Iris versicolor L.<br />
blue iris<br />
Sisyr<strong>in</strong>chium albidum Raf. Sisyr<strong>in</strong>chium bermudianum L. var. albidum white blue-eyed-grass<br />
(Raf.) Gray; Sisyr<strong>in</strong>chium scabrellum Bickn.<br />
Sisyr<strong>in</strong>chium angustifolium P. Mill. Sisyr<strong>in</strong>chium gram<strong>in</strong>oides Bickn. narrow-leaved blue-eyed-grass<br />
Sisyr<strong>in</strong>chium atlanticum Bickn. Sisyr<strong>in</strong>chium mucronatum var. atlanticum eastern blue-eyed-grass<br />
(Bickn.) H. Ahles<br />
Sisyr<strong>in</strong>chium fuscatum Bickn. Sisyr<strong>in</strong>chium arenicola Bickn. coastal pla<strong>in</strong> blue-eyed-grass<br />
Sisyr<strong>in</strong>chium montanum Greene var. Sisyr<strong>in</strong>chium bermudianum L. var. crebrum strict blue-eyed-grass<br />
crebrum Fern.<br />
(Fern.) Boiv<strong>in</strong>; Sisyr<strong>in</strong>chium montanum Greene<br />
Sisyr<strong>in</strong>chium montanum Greene var.<br />
montanum<br />
ssp. crebrum (Fern.) Böcher<br />
Sisyr<strong>in</strong>chium strictum Bickn. strict blue-eyed-grass<br />
Sisyr<strong>in</strong>chium mucronatum Michx. Sisyr<strong>in</strong>chium <strong>in</strong>termedium Bickn. needle-tipped blue-eyed-grass<br />
Juncaceae<br />
rush family<br />
Juncus acum<strong>in</strong>atus Michx.<br />
Juncus pelocarpus E. Mey. var. crassicaudex<br />
Engelm.<br />
sharp-fruited rush
Juncus alp<strong>in</strong>oarticulatus Chaix ex<br />
Vill. ssp. americanus (Farw.) Hämet-<br />
Ahti<br />
Juncus alp<strong>in</strong>oarticulatus Vill. ssp. nodulosus<br />
(Wahlenb.) Hämet-Ahti, of American authors;<br />
Juncus alp<strong>in</strong>us Vill. var. americanus Farw.;<br />
Juncus alp<strong>in</strong>us Vill. var. rariflorus Hartman, of<br />
nor<strong>the</strong>rn green rush<br />
American authors<br />
Juncus ambiguus Guss. Juncus bufonius var. halophilus Buch. & Fern. seaside toad rush<br />
Juncus an<strong>the</strong>latus (Wieg.) R.E. Juncus tenuis var. an<strong>the</strong>latus Wieg.<br />
Wiegand's rush<br />
Brooks<br />
Juncus an<strong>the</strong>latus × J. tenuis<br />
Juncus articulatus L. Juncus articulatus var. obtusatus Engelm. jo<strong>in</strong>t-leaved rush<br />
Juncus balticus Willd. ssp. littoralis Juncus arcticus Willd. ssp. littoralis (Engelm.) Baltic rush<br />
(Engelm.) Snogerup<br />
Hultén; Juncus arcticus Willd. var. littoralis<br />
(Engelm.) Boiv<strong>in</strong>; Juncus balticus var.<br />
littoralis Engelm<br />
Juncus biflorus Ell. Juncus aristulatus Michx. var. biflorus Small;<br />
Juncus marg<strong>in</strong>atus var. biflorus Wood; Juncus<br />
marg<strong>in</strong>atus var. odoratus Torr.; Juncus<br />
large grass-leaved rush<br />
odoratus (Torr ) Steud<br />
Juncus brachycarpus Engelm.<br />
white-root rush<br />
Juncus brachycephalus (Engelm.)<br />
small-headed rush<br />
Buch.<br />
Juncus brevicaudatus (Engelm.)<br />
short-tailed rush<br />
Fern.<br />
Juncus bufonius L.<br />
toad rush<br />
Juncus canadensis J. Gay ex Juncus canadensis var. sparsiflorus Fern. Canada rush<br />
Laharpe<br />
Juncus compressus Jacq.<br />
round-fruited rush<br />
Juncus conglomeratus L.<br />
Juncus effusus var. conglomeratus (L.) Engelm. bunch-flowered soft rush<br />
Juncus debilis Gray<br />
weak rush<br />
Juncus dichotomus Ell. Juncus platyphyllus (Wieg.) Fern.; Juncus forked rush<br />
tenuis var. dichotomus (Ell.) Wood<br />
Juncus diffusissimus Buckley<br />
slim-fruited rush<br />
Juncus dudleyi Wieg. Juncus tenuis var. dudleyi (Wieg.) F.J. Herm. Dudley's rush<br />
Juncus effusus L. ssp. effusus Juncus effusus var. compactus Lej. & Court. common soft rush<br />
Juncus effusus L. ssp. solutus (Fern. Juncus effusus var. solutus Fern. & Wieg. common soft rush<br />
& Wieg.) Hämet-Ahti<br />
Juncus ensifolius Wikstr. var. Juncus xiphioides E. Mey. var. triandrus sword-leaved rush<br />
ensifolius<br />
Engelm.<br />
Juncus filiformis L.<br />
thread rush<br />
Juncus gerardii Loisel. Juncus gerardii var. pedicellatus Fern. saltmarsh rush<br />
Juncus greenei Oakes & Tuckerman<br />
Greene's rush<br />
Juncus <strong>in</strong>flexus L.<br />
Juncus marg<strong>in</strong>atus Rostk. Juncus biflorus Ell.; Juncus marg<strong>in</strong>atus var.<br />
biflorus Wood; Juncus marg<strong>in</strong>atus var.<br />
odoratus Torr.<br />
Juncus militaris Bigelow<br />
Juncus nodosus L.<br />
Juncus ×oronensis Fern.<br />
Juncus tenuis × J. vaseyi<br />
European meadow rush<br />
grass-leaved rush<br />
bayonet rush<br />
knotted rush
Juncus pelocarpus E. Mey.<br />
Juncus pervetus Fern.<br />
Juncus pylaei LaHarpe<br />
Juncus secundus Beauv. ex Poir.<br />
Juncus stygius L. ssp. americanus<br />
(Buch.) Hultén<br />
Juncus subcaudatus (Engelm.)<br />
Coville<br />
Juncus subtilis E. Mey.<br />
Juncus tenuis Willd.<br />
Juncus torreyi Coville<br />
Juncus effusus var. decipiens , of authors not<br />
Buch.; Juncus effusus var. pylaei (Laharpe)<br />
Fern. & Wieg.<br />
Juncus stygius var. americanus Buch.<br />
Juncus macer S.F. Gray; Juncus tenuis var.<br />
williamsii Fern.<br />
brown-fruited rush<br />
blunt-flower rush<br />
Pylae's soft rush<br />
lopsided rush<br />
moor rush<br />
somewhat-tailed rush<br />
greater creep<strong>in</strong>g rush<br />
path rush<br />
Torrey's rush<br />
Juncus vaseyi Engelm. Juncus greenei var. vaseyi (Engelm.) Boiv<strong>in</strong> Vasey's rush<br />
Luzula acum<strong>in</strong>ata Raf. var.<br />
Juncoides saltuense (Fern.) Heller; Luzula hairy wood rush<br />
acum<strong>in</strong>ata<br />
carol<strong>in</strong>ae S. Wats. var. saltuensis (Fern.) Fern.<br />
Luzula acum<strong>in</strong>ata Raf. var. carol<strong>in</strong>ae Luzula carol<strong>in</strong>ae S. Wats.<br />
hairy wood rush<br />
(S. Wats.) Fern.<br />
Luzula bulbosa (Wood) Rydb. Juncoides bulbosum (Wood) Small; Luzula bulbous wood rush<br />
campestris var. bulbosa Wood<br />
Luzula campestris (L.) DC. Juncoides campestre (L.) Kuntze field wood rush<br />
Luzula confusa L<strong>in</strong>deberg Juncoides hyperboreum (R. Br.) Sheldon, <strong>in</strong> nor<strong>the</strong>rn wood rush<br />
part; Luzula hyperborea R. Br., <strong>in</strong> part<br />
Luzula ech<strong>in</strong>ata (Small) Hermann Juncoides ech<strong>in</strong>atum Small; Luzula campestris<br />
var. ech<strong>in</strong>ata (Small) Hermann; Luzula<br />
multiflora var. ech<strong>in</strong>ata (Small) Mohlenbrock<br />
Luzula luzuloides (Lam.) Dandy &<br />
Wilmott ssp. luzuloides<br />
Luzula multiflora (Ehrh.) Lej. ssp.<br />
frigida (Buch.) Krecz.<br />
hedgehog wood rush<br />
Juncoides nemorosum (Pollard) Kuntze oak-forest wood rush<br />
Juncoides <strong>in</strong>termedium (Thuill.) Rydb.; Luzula<br />
campestris var. frigida Buch.; Luzula frigida<br />
(Buch.) Samuelsson; Luzula <strong>in</strong>termedia<br />
(Thuill.) A. Nels.; Luzula multiflora var.<br />
fusconigra Čelak<br />
Luzula multiflora (Ehrh.) Lej. ssp. Luzula campestris var. multiflora (Ehrh.)<br />
multiflora<br />
Čelak.<br />
Luzula pallidula J. Kirschner Luzula campestris var. pallescens Wahlenb.;<br />
Luzula parviflora (Ehrh.) Desv. ssp.<br />
melanocarpa (Michx.) Hämet-Ahti<br />
Luzula pallescens (Wahlenb.) Bess.<br />
Juncus melanocarpus Michx.; Luzula<br />
melanocarpa (Michx.) Desv.; Luzula<br />
common wood rush<br />
common wood rush<br />
pale European wood rush<br />
small-flowered wood rush<br />
parviflora var. melanocarpa (Michx.) Buch.<br />
Luzula spicata (L.) DC. Juncoides spicatum (L.) Kuntze spiked wood rush<br />
Oreojuncus trifidus (L.) Záveská Juncus trifidus L.; Juncus trifidus L. ssp. highland-rush<br />
Drábková & Kirschner<br />
carol<strong>in</strong>ianus Hämet-Ahti; Juncus trifidus L.<br />
Juncag<strong>in</strong>aceae<br />
var. monanthos (Jacq.) Bluff ex F<strong>in</strong>gerhuth<br />
arrow-grass family
Trigloch<strong>in</strong> gaspensis Lieth & D. Löve<br />
Gaspe Pen<strong>in</strong>sula arrow-grass<br />
Trigloch<strong>in</strong> maritima L. Trigloch<strong>in</strong> debilis (M.E. Jones) A. & D. Löve;<br />
Trigloch<strong>in</strong> maritima var. elata (Nutt.) Gray<br />
Trigloch<strong>in</strong> palustre L.<br />
Liliaceae<br />
saltmarsh arrow-grass<br />
marsh arrow-grass<br />
lily family<br />
Cl<strong>in</strong>tonia borealis (Ait.) Raf. Dracaena borealis Ait. yellow blue-bead lily<br />
Erythronium albidum Nutt.<br />
white trout-lily<br />
Erythronium americanum Ker-Gawl.<br />
Amerian trout-lily<br />
ssp. americanum<br />
Gagea fragifera (Vill.) E. Bayer & G. Gagea fistulosa (Ram. ex DC.) Ker-Gawl.; star-of-Bethlehem<br />
López<br />
Gagea liotardii Sternb.; Ornigthogalum<br />
fistulosum Ram. ex DC., an illegitimate name ;<br />
Ornithogalum fragiferum Vill<br />
Lilium bulbiferum L. Lilium bulbiferum var. croceum Chaix; Lilium orange lily<br />
croceum (Chaix) Pers.<br />
Lilium canadense L. Lilium canadense var. editorum Fern. Canada lily<br />
Lilium lancifolium Thunb. Lilium tigr<strong>in</strong>um Ker-Gawl. lance-leaved tiger lily<br />
Lilium philadelphicum L.<br />
wood lily<br />
Lilium superbum L. Lilium canadense ssp. superbum (L.) Baker Turk's-cap lily<br />
Medeola virg<strong>in</strong>iana L.<br />
Indian cucumber root<br />
Streptopus amplexifolius (L.) DC. Streptopus amplexifolius ssp. americanus (J.A. clasp<strong>in</strong>g-leaved twistedstalk<br />
& J.H. Schultes) A. & D. Löve; Streptopus<br />
amplexifolius var. denticulatus Fassett;<br />
Streptopus amplexifolius var. grandiflorus<br />
Fassett; Uvularia amplexifolia L<br />
Streptopus lanceolatus (Ait.) Reveal Stretopus roseus Michx.; Streptopus roseus<br />
Michx. var. longipes (Fern.) Fassett; Streptopus<br />
roseus Michx. var. perspectus Fassett<br />
lance-leaved twistedstalk<br />
Streptopus ×oreopolis Fern. Streptopus amplexifolius × S. lanceolatus ;<br />
Streptopus roseus Michx. var. oreopolis (Fern.)<br />
Fassett; Uvularia lanceolata Ait.<br />
Tricyrtis hirta (Thunb.) Hook.<br />
Tulipa gesneriana L.<br />
Tulipa sylvestris L.<br />
Melanthiaceae<br />
Anticlea elegans (Pursh) Rydb. ssp. Anticlea elegans var. glauca (Nutt.) Zomlefer &<br />
glauca (Nutt.) A. Ha<strong>in</strong>es<br />
Judd; Anticlea glauca (Nutt.) Kunth;<br />
Melanthium glaucum Nutt.; Zigadenus elegans<br />
Pursh var. glaucus (Nutt.) Preece ex Cronq.<br />
hairy toad-lily<br />
Didier's tulip<br />
wild tulip<br />
death camas family<br />
mounta<strong>in</strong> death camas<br />
Chamaelirium luteum (L.) Gray Veratrum luteum L. devil's bit<br />
Stenanthium gram<strong>in</strong>eum (Ker-Gawl.) Helonias gram<strong>in</strong>ea Ker-Gawl.; Stenanthium eastern fea<strong>the</strong>rbells<br />
Morong<br />
gram<strong>in</strong>eum var. micranthum Fern.;<br />
Stenanthium gram<strong>in</strong>eum var. robustum (S.<br />
Wats ) Fern ; Stenanthium robustum S Wats<br />
Trillium cernuum L.<br />
Trillium cernuum var. macranthum Eames &<br />
Wieg.<br />
nodd<strong>in</strong>g wakerob<strong>in</strong>
Trillium erectum L. Trillium purpureum K<strong>in</strong> ex Elliott red wakerob<strong>in</strong><br />
Trillium grandiflorum (Michx.) Trillium rhomboideum Michx. var.<br />
white wakerob<strong>in</strong><br />
Salisb.<br />
grandiflorum Michx.<br />
Trillium nivale Riddell<br />
snow wakerob<strong>in</strong><br />
Trillium recurvatum Beck Phyllan<strong>the</strong>rum recurvatum (Beck) Nieuwl.; prairie wakerob<strong>in</strong><br />
Trillium unguiculatum Raf.<br />
Trillium undulatum Willd. Trillium erythrocarpum Michx. pa<strong>in</strong>ted wakerob<strong>in</strong><br />
Veratrum latifolium (Desr.) W.B. Melanthium hybridum Walt.; Melanthium slender bunch-flower<br />
Zomlefer<br />
latifolium Desr.; Melanthium racemosum<br />
Michx.<br />
Veratrum viride Ait. ssp. viride<br />
American false hellebore<br />
Nar<strong>the</strong>ciaceae<br />
asphodel family<br />
Aletris far<strong>in</strong>osa L.<br />
Orchidaceae<br />
Amerorchis rotundifolia (Banks ex<br />
Pursh) Hultén<br />
Galearis rotundifolia (Banks ex Pursh) R.M.<br />
Bateman; Habenaria rotundifolia (Banks ex<br />
Pursh) Richards.; Orchis rotundifolia Banks ex<br />
Pursh<br />
Aplectrum hyemale (Muhl. ex Willd.) Cymbidium hyemale Muhl. ex Willd.<br />
Nutt.<br />
Arethusa bulbosa L.<br />
Calopogon tuberosus (L.) B.S.P. var. Calopogon pulchellus (Salisb.) R. Br.;<br />
tuberosus<br />
Limodorum tuberosum L.<br />
Calypso bulbosa (L.) Oakes ssp. Calypso bulbosa var. americana (R. Br. ex Ait.<br />
americana (R. Br. ex Ait. f.) A. f.) Luer; Cypripedium bulbosum L., <strong>in</strong> part;<br />
Ha<strong>in</strong>es<br />
Cy<strong>the</strong>rea bulbosa (L.) House, <strong>in</strong> part<br />
Coeloglossum viride (L.) Hartman Coeloglossum bracteatum (Muhl. ex Willd.)<br />
Parl.; Coeloglossum viride var. virescens<br />
(Muhl. ex Willd.) Luer; Dactylorhiza viridis<br />
(L.) R.M. Bateman, Pridgeon, & M.W. Chase;<br />
Habenaria bracteata (Muhl. ex Willd.) R. Br.<br />
ex Ait. f.; Habenaria viridis (L.) R. Br. var.<br />
white colic-root<br />
orchid family<br />
round-leaved orchid<br />
putty-root<br />
dragon's-mouth<br />
tuberous grass-p<strong>in</strong>k<br />
fairy-slipper<br />
long-bracted green orchid<br />
Corallorhiza maculata (Raf.) Raf.<br />
b t t (Muhl Willd ) Reigenb<br />
Corallorhiza multiflora Nutt.<br />
Gray<br />
spotted coral-root<br />
var. maculata<br />
Corallorhiza maculata (Raf.) Raf. Corallorhiza maculata var. immaculata M.E. spotted coral-root<br />
var. occidentalis (L<strong>in</strong>dl.) Cockerell Peck<br />
Corallorhiza odontorhiza (Willd.) Corallorhiza micrantha Chapman fall coral-root<br />
Poir. var. odontorhiza<br />
Corallorhiza odontorhiza (Willd.) Corallorhiza pr<strong>in</strong>glei Greenman fall coral-root<br />
Poir. var. pr<strong>in</strong>glei (Greenman)<br />
Freudenste<strong>in</strong><br />
Corallorhiza trifida Chatela<strong>in</strong> Corallorhiza trifida var. verna (Nutt.) Fern. early coral-root<br />
Cypripedium acaule Ait.<br />
p<strong>in</strong>k lady's-slipper<br />
Cypripedium ariet<strong>in</strong>um Ait. f.<br />
ram's-head lady's-slipper<br />
Cypripedium parviflorum Salisb. var.<br />
yellow lady's-slipper<br />
makas<strong>in</strong> (Farw.) Sheviak
Cypripedium parviflorum Salisb. var. Cypripedium calceolus L. var. parviflorum yellow lady's-slipper<br />
parviflorum<br />
(Salisb.) Fern.<br />
Cypripedium parviflorum Salisb. var. Cypripedium calceolus L. var. pubescens yellow lady's-slipper<br />
pubescens (Willd.) Knight<br />
(Willd.) Correll; Cypripedium pubescens Willd.<br />
Cypripedium reg<strong>in</strong>ae Walt. Cypripedium spectabile Salisb. showy lady's-slipper<br />
Epipactis atrorubens (O. Hoffman) Epipactis hellebor<strong>in</strong>e ssp. atrorubens (O. dark red hellebor<strong>in</strong>e<br />
Bess.<br />
Hoffman ex Bernh.) Syme; Serapias atrorubens<br />
O. Hoffmann<br />
Epipactis hellebor<strong>in</strong>e (L.) Crantz Epipactis latifolia (L.) All.; Serapias<br />
broad-leaved hellebor<strong>in</strong>e<br />
hellebor<strong>in</strong>e L.<br />
Galearis spectabilis (L.) Raf. Orchis spectabilis L. showy orchid<br />
Goodyera oblongifolia Raf. Goodyera decipiens (Hook.) Piper; Peramium giant rattlesnake-planta<strong>in</strong><br />
decipiens (Hook.) Piper<br />
Goodyera pubescens (Willd.) R. Br. Neottia pubescens Willd.; Peramium<br />
downy rattlesnake-planta<strong>in</strong><br />
<strong>in</strong> Ait. & Ait. f.<br />
pubescens (Willd.) MacM.<br />
Goodyera repens (L.) R. Br. <strong>in</strong> Ait. & Goodyera ophioides (Fern.) Rydb.; Goodyera dwarf rattlesnake-planta<strong>in</strong><br />
Ait. f.<br />
repens var. ophioides Fern.; Peramium<br />
ophioides (Fern.) Rydb.; Satyrium repens L.<br />
Goodyera tesselata Lodd. Peramium tesselatum (Lodd.) Heller checkered rattlesnake-planta<strong>in</strong><br />
Gymnadenia conopsea (L.) R. Br. Habenaria conopsea (L.) Benth. fragrant orchid<br />
Isotria medeoloides (Pursh) Raf. Arethusa medeoloides Pursh; Pogonia aff<strong>in</strong>is small whorled pogonia<br />
Aust<strong>in</strong> ex Gray<br />
Isotria verticillata (Muhl. ex Willd.) Arethusa verticillata Muhl. ex Willd.; Pogonia large whorled pogonia<br />
Raf.<br />
verticillata (Muhl. ex Willd.) Nutt.<br />
Liparis liliifolia (L.) L.C. Rich ex Leptorchis liliifolia (L.) Kuntze; Malaxis lily-leaved wide-lipped orchid<br />
L<strong>in</strong>dl.<br />
liliifolia (L.) Sw.; Ophrys liliifolia L.<br />
Liparis loeselii (L.) L.C. Rich. Leptorchis loeselii (L.) MacM.; Liparis Loesel's wide-lipped orchid<br />
correana (W. Bart.) Spreng.; Malaxis correana<br />
W. Bart.<br />
Neottia auriculata (Wieg.) Szlach. Bifolium auriculatum (Wieg.) Nieuwl.; Listera<br />
auriculata Wieg.; Ophrys auriculata (Wieg.)<br />
House<br />
Neottia bifolia (Raf.) Baumbach Bifolium australe (L<strong>in</strong>dl.) Nieuwl.;<br />
Diphryllum bifolium Raf.; Listera australis<br />
L<strong>in</strong>dl.; Neottia australis (L<strong>in</strong>dl.) Szlach.;<br />
Ophrys australis (L<strong>in</strong>dl ) House<br />
Neottia convallarioides (Sw.) Rich. Bifolium convallarioides (Sw.) Nieuwl.;<br />
Epipactis convallarioides Sw.; Listera<br />
convallarioides (Sw.) Nutt. ex Ell.; Ophrys<br />
convallarioides (Sw ) W Wight ex House<br />
Neottia cordata (L.) Rich. Bifolium cordatum (L.) Nieuwl.; Listera<br />
cordata (L.) R. Br.; Ophrys cordata L.<br />
Neottia ×veltmanii (Case) Baumbach Neottia auriculata × N. convallarioides ;<br />
auricled twayblade<br />
sou<strong>the</strong>rn twayblade<br />
broad-leaved twayblade<br />
heart-leaved twayblade<br />
Listera ×veltmanii Case<br />
Malaxis bayardii Fern. Bayard's adder's-mouth<br />
Malaxis monophyllos (L.) Sw. ssp. Malaxis brachypoda (Gray) Fern.; Malaxis white adder's-mouth<br />
brachypoda (Gray) A. & D. Löve monophyllos var. brachypoda (Gray) F. Morris<br />
& Eames<br />
Malaxis unifolia Michx. Microstylis unifolia (Michx.) B.S.P. green adder's-mouth
Platan<strong>the</strong>ra ×andrewsii (M. White) Platan<strong>the</strong>ra lacera × P. psycodes<br />
Luer<br />
Platan<strong>the</strong>ra aquilonis Sheviak north w<strong>in</strong>d bog-orchid<br />
Platan<strong>the</strong>ra blephariglottis (Willd.) Blephariglottis blephariglottis (Willd.) Rydb.; white-fr<strong>in</strong>ged bog-orchid<br />
L<strong>in</strong>dl. var. blephariglottis<br />
Habenaria blephariglottis (Willd.) Hook. var.<br />
blephariglottis<br />
Platan<strong>the</strong>ra ciliaris (L.) L<strong>in</strong>dl. Blephariglottis ciliaris (L.) Rydb. ; Habenaria orange fr<strong>in</strong>ged bog-orchid<br />
ciliaris (L.) R. Br. ex Ait. f.<br />
Platan<strong>the</strong>ra clavellata (Michx.) Luer Gymnadeniopsis clavellata (Michx.) Rydb.; little club-spur bog-orchid<br />
Habenaria clavellata (Michx.) Spreng.<br />
Platan<strong>the</strong>ra cristata (Michx.) L<strong>in</strong>dl. Blephariglottis cristata (Michx.) Raf.;<br />
Platan<strong>the</strong>ra dilatata (Pursh) L<strong>in</strong>dl.<br />
ex Beck var. dilatata<br />
Platan<strong>the</strong>ra flava (L.) L<strong>in</strong>dl. var.<br />
herbiola (R. Br. <strong>in</strong> Ait.) Luer<br />
Platan<strong>the</strong>ra grandiflora<br />
L<strong>in</strong>dl.<br />
(Bigelow)<br />
crested orange bog-orchid<br />
Habenaria cristata (Michx.) R. Br. ex Ait. f.<br />
Habenaria dilatata (Pursh) Hook.; Limnorchis white nor<strong>the</strong>rn bog-orchid<br />
dilatata (Pursh) Rydb.<br />
Habenaria flava (L.) R. Br. var. herbiola (R. Br. nor<strong>the</strong>rn tubercled bog-orchid<br />
<strong>in</strong> Ait.) Ames & Correll; Perularia flava (L.)<br />
Farw.<br />
Blephariglottis grandiflora (Bigelow) Rydb.; greater purple fr<strong>in</strong>ged bogorchid<br />
Habenaria fimbriata (Ait.) R. Br. ex Ait. f.;<br />
Habenaria grandiflora (Bigelow) Torr.;<br />
Habenaria psycodes var. grandiflora<br />
(Bigelow) Gray<br />
Platan<strong>the</strong>ra hookeri (Torr. ex Gray) Habenaria hookeri Torr. ex Gray; Lysias<br />
L<strong>in</strong>dl.<br />
hookeriana (Torr. ex Gray) Rydb.<br />
Platan<strong>the</strong>ra huronensis (Nutt.) L<strong>in</strong>dl. Habenaria huronensis (Nutt.) Spreng.;<br />
Habenaria hyperborea var. huronensis (Nutt.)<br />
Farw.; Platan<strong>the</strong>ra hyperborea (L.) L<strong>in</strong>dl. var.<br />
huronensis (Nutt.) Luer; Platan<strong>the</strong>ra ×media<br />
(Rydb ) Luer<br />
Plantan<strong>the</strong>ra ×keenanii P.M. Brown Platan<strong>the</strong>ra grandiflora × P. lacera<br />
Platan<strong>the</strong>ra lacera (Michx.) G. Don Blephariglottis lacera (Michx.) Farw.;<br />
Habenaria lacera (Michx.) R. Br.<br />
Platan<strong>the</strong>ra leucophaea (Nutt.) L<strong>in</strong>dl. Blephariglotits leucophaea (Nutt.) Farw.;<br />
Platan<strong>the</strong>ra macrophylla (Goldie)<br />
L<strong>in</strong>dl.<br />
Habenaria leucophaea (Nutt.) Gray<br />
Habenaria macrophylla Goldie; Habenaria<br />
orbiculata Pursh var. macrophylla (Goldie)<br />
Boiv<strong>in</strong>; Platan<strong>the</strong>ra orbiculata var.<br />
macrophylla (Goldie) Luer<br />
Platan<strong>the</strong>ra obtusata (Banks ex Habenaria obtusata (Banks ex Pursh)<br />
Pursh) L<strong>in</strong>dl. ssp. obtusata<br />
Richards.; Lysiella obtusata (Banks ex Pursh)<br />
Rydb.<br />
Platan<strong>the</strong>ra orbiculata (Pursh) L<strong>in</strong>dl. Habenaria orbiculata (Pursh) Torr.; Lysias<br />
orbiculata (Pursh) Rydb.<br />
Platan<strong>the</strong>ra psycodes (L.) L<strong>in</strong>dl. Blephariglottis psycodes (L.) Rydb.;<br />
Pogonia ophioglossoides (L.) Ker-<br />
Gawl.<br />
Spiran<strong>the</strong>s casei Catl<strong>in</strong>g & Cruise<br />
var. casei<br />
Habenaria psycodes (L.) Spreng.<br />
Pogonia ophioglossoides var. brachypogon<br />
Fern.<br />
Spiran<strong>the</strong>s ×<strong>in</strong>termedia , of authors not Ames<br />
Hooker's bog-orchid<br />
Lake Huron bog green orchid<br />
green fr<strong>in</strong>ged bog-orchid<br />
eastern prairie white fr<strong>in</strong>ged bogorchid<br />
large-leaved bog-orchid<br />
blunt-leaved bog-orchid<br />
round-leaved bog-orchid<br />
lesser purple fr<strong>in</strong>ged bog-orchid<br />
rose pogonia<br />
Case's ladies'-tresses
Spiran<strong>the</strong>s cernua (L.) L.C. Rich.<br />
Ibidium cernuum (L.) House; Ophrys cernua L. nodd<strong>in</strong>g ladies'-tresses<br />
Spiran<strong>the</strong>s ×eamesii P.M. Brown Spiran<strong>the</strong>s lacera var. gracilis × S. tuberosa<br />
Spiran<strong>the</strong>s ×<strong>in</strong>termedia Ames Spiran<strong>the</strong>s lacera var. gracilis × S. vernalis ;<br />
Spiran<strong>the</strong>s lacera (Raf.) Raf. var.<br />
gracilis (Bigelow) Luer<br />
Spiran<strong>the</strong>s lacera (Raf.) Raf. var.<br />
lacera<br />
Ibidium ×<strong>in</strong>termedium (Ames) House<br />
Gyrostachys gracilis (Bigelow) Kuntze;<br />
Ibidium gracile (Bigelow) House; Neottia<br />
gracilis Bigelow; Spiran<strong>the</strong>s gracilis<br />
(Bigelow) Beck<br />
Neottia lacera Raf.<br />
Spiran<strong>the</strong>s lucida (H.H. Eat.) Ames Ibidium plantag<strong>in</strong>eum Raf.; Neottia lucida<br />
H.H. Eat.<br />
Spiran<strong>the</strong>s ochroleuca (Rydb.) Rydb. Gyrostachys ochroleuca Rydb. <strong>in</strong> Britt.;<br />
Spiran<strong>the</strong>s cernua var. ochroleuca (Rydb.)<br />
Ames<br />
Spiran<strong>the</strong>s romanzoffiana Cham. Gyrostachys stricta Rydb.; Ibidium strictum<br />
(Rydb.) House; Spiran<strong>the</strong>s stricta (Rydb.) A.<br />
Spiran<strong>the</strong>s tuberosa Raf.<br />
Nels.<br />
Gyrostachys beckii (L<strong>in</strong>dl.) W. Stone, <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
sense of Eames; Spiran<strong>the</strong>s grayi Ames;<br />
slender ladies'-tresses<br />
slender ladies'-tresses<br />
sh<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g ladies'-tresses<br />
yellow ladies'-tresses<br />
hooded ladies'-tresses<br />
little ladies'-tresses<br />
Spiran<strong>the</strong>s tuberosa var. grayi (Ames) Fern.<br />
Spiran<strong>the</strong>s vernalis Engelm. & Gray Ibidium vernale (Engelm. & Gray) House spr<strong>in</strong>g ladies'-tresses<br />
Tipularia discolor (Pursh) Nutt. Tipularia unifolia B.S.P. cranefly orchid<br />
Triphora trianthophora (Sw.) Rydb. Arethusa trianthophora Sw.; Pogonia three-birds orchid<br />
ssp. trianthophora<br />
trianthophora B.S.P.<br />
Poaceae<br />
grass family<br />
Aegilops cyl<strong>in</strong>drica Host Cyl<strong>in</strong>dropyrum cyl<strong>in</strong>dricum (Host) A. Löve; jo<strong>in</strong>ted goat-grass<br />
Triticum cyl<strong>in</strong>dricum (Host) Ces., Pass., & Gib.<br />
Agropyron cristatum (L.) Gaert. Agropyron pect<strong>in</strong>iforme Roemer & J.A. Schultes crested wheat grass<br />
Agropyron desertorum (Fisch. ex<br />
L<strong>in</strong>k) J.A. Schultes<br />
Agropyron cristatum ssp. desertorum (Fisch.<br />
ex L<strong>in</strong>k) A. Löve; Agropryon cristatum var.<br />
clustered wheat grass<br />
desertorum (Fisch. ex L<strong>in</strong>k) Dorn<br />
Agrostis can<strong>in</strong>a L.<br />
dog bentgrass<br />
Agrostis capillaris L. Agrostis tenuis Sibthorp Rhode Island bentgrass<br />
Agrostis elliottiana J.A. Schultes Elliott's bentgrass<br />
Agrostis exarata Tr<strong>in</strong>. Agrostis exarata var. monolepis (Torrey) A.S. spike bentgrass<br />
Hitchc.<br />
Agrostis gigantea Roth Agrostis alba , misapplied; Agrostis nigra redtop bentgrass<br />
With.; Agrostis stolonifera ssp. gigantea<br />
(Roth) Schuebl. & Martens; Agrostis<br />
stolonifera var major (Gaud<strong>in</strong>) Farw<br />
Agrostis hyemalis (Walt.) B.S.P. Cornucopiae hyemalis Walt. w<strong>in</strong>ter bentgrass<br />
Agrostis mertensii Tr<strong>in</strong>. Agrostis borealis Hartman; Agrostis borealis nor<strong>the</strong>rn bentgrass<br />
Hartman ssp. americana (Hartman) Tzvelev;<br />
Agrostis borealis Hartman var. americana<br />
(Scribn ) Fern
Agrostis perennans (Walt.)<br />
Tuckerman<br />
Agrostis altissima (Walt.) Tuckerman; Agrostis<br />
perennans var. elata (Pursh) A.S. Hitchc.;<br />
Cornucopiae perennans Walt.<br />
Agrostis scabra Willd. Agrostis gem<strong>in</strong>ata Tr<strong>in</strong>.; Agrostis hyemalis<br />
var. scabra (Willd.) H.A. Blomquist; Agrostis<br />
hyemalis (Walt.) B.S.P. var. tenuis (Tuckerman)<br />
Gleason; Agrostis scabra var. gem<strong>in</strong>ata (Tr<strong>in</strong>.)<br />
Swallen; Agrostis scabra var. septentrionalis<br />
Fern<br />
Agrostis stolonifera L. Agrostis alba L. var. palustris (Huds.) Pers.;<br />
Agrostis alba L. var. stolonifera (L.) Sm.;<br />
Agrostis palustris Huds.; Agrostis stolonifera<br />
Aira caryophyllea L. var.<br />
caryophyllea<br />
autumn bentgrass<br />
rough bentgrass<br />
creep<strong>in</strong>g bentgrass<br />
var compacta Hartman<br />
Aspris caryophyllea (L.) Nash common silver-hairgrass<br />
Aira praecox L. Aspris praecox (L.) Nash early silver-hairgrass<br />
Alopecurus aequalis Sobol. Alopecurus geniculatus var. aristulatus short-awned meadow-foxtail<br />
(Michx.) Torr.<br />
Alopecurus carol<strong>in</strong>ianus Walt. Alopecurus ramosus Poir. Carol<strong>in</strong>a meadow-foxtail<br />
Alopecurus geniculatus L.<br />
marsh meadow-foxtail<br />
Alopecurus myosuroides Huds. Alopecurus agrestis L. slender meadow-foxtail<br />
Alopecurus pratensis L.<br />
field meadow-foxtail<br />
Ammophila breviligulata Fern. ssp.<br />
American beach grass<br />
breviligulata<br />
Ammophila breviligulata Fern. ssp. Ammophila champla<strong>in</strong>ensis Seymour American beach grass<br />
champla<strong>in</strong>ensis (Seymour) P.J.<br />
Walker, C.A. Paris & Barr<strong>in</strong>gton ex<br />
Barkworth<br />
Amphicarpum amphicarpon (Pursh) Amphicarpum purshii Kunth Pursh's blue maidencane<br />
Nash<br />
Andropogon gerardii Vitman Andropogon gerardii var. chrysocomus (Nash) big bluestem<br />
Fern.<br />
Andropogon glomeratus (Walt.) Andropogon virg<strong>in</strong>icus var. abbreviatus bushy bluestem<br />
Britt. var. glomeratus<br />
(Hack.) Fern. & Grisc.; Andropogon virg<strong>in</strong>icus<br />
var. corymbosus (Chapman ex Hack.) Fern. &<br />
Andropogon virg<strong>in</strong>icus L. var.<br />
virg<strong>in</strong>icus<br />
Anthoxanthum hirtum (Schrank) Y.<br />
Schouten & Veldkamp<br />
Anthoxanthum monticola (Bigelow)<br />
Y. Schouten & Veldkamp ssp.<br />
monticola<br />
Grisc ; C<strong>in</strong>na glomerata<br />
Walt<br />
Hierochloe hirta (Schrank) Borbás; Savastana<br />
hirta Schrank<br />
Hierochloe alp<strong>in</strong>a (Sw. ex Willd.) Roemer &<br />
J.A. Schultes; Hierochloe alp<strong>in</strong>a (Sw. ex<br />
Willd.) Roemer & J.A. Schultes ssp. orthantha<br />
(Sørensen) G. Weim; Hierochloe monticola<br />
(Bigelow) A. & D. Löve; Hierochloe orthantha<br />
Sørensen<br />
broomsedge bluestem<br />
nor<strong>the</strong>rn sweet grass<br />
alp<strong>in</strong>e sweet grass
Anthoxanthum nitens (Weber) Y.<br />
Schouten & Veldkamp ssp. nitens<br />
Anthoxanthum odoratum L.<br />
Anthoxanthum ovatum Lag. var.<br />
aristatum Pérez-Lara<br />
Hierochloe odorata (L.) Beauv.; Hierochloe<br />
odorata (L.) Beauv. var. fragrans (Willd.)<br />
Richter; Holcus odoratus L.; Savastana<br />
odorata (L ) Scribn<br />
Anthoxanthum aristatum Boiss.;<br />
Anthoxanthum odoratum var. puelii (Lecoq &<br />
Lamotte) Coss. & Durieu; Anthoxanthum puelii<br />
vanilla sweet grass<br />
large sweet grass<br />
small sweet grass<br />
Lecoq & Lamotte<br />
Apera <strong>in</strong>terrupta (L.) Beauv. Agrostis <strong>in</strong>terrupta L. dense silky bentgrass<br />
Apera spica-venti (L.) Beauv. Agrostis spica -venti L. loose silky bentgrass<br />
Aristida basiramea Engelm. ex Vasey<br />
fork-tipped threeawn<br />
Aristida dichotoma Michx. var.<br />
churchmouse threeawn<br />
dichotoma<br />
Aristida longespica Poir. var. Aristida geniculata Raf.; Aristida <strong>in</strong>termedia red threeawn<br />
geniculata (Raf.) Fern.<br />
Scribn. & Ball<br />
Aristida longespica Poir. var. Aristida gracilis Ell. red threeawn<br />
longespica<br />
Aristida oligantha Michx. oldfield threeawn<br />
Aristida purpurascens Poir. var. Aristida purpurascens var. m<strong>in</strong>or Vasey arrow-fea<strong>the</strong>r threeawn<br />
purpurascens<br />
Aristida purpurea Nutt. var. nealleyi Aristida glauca (Nees) Walp.; Aristida purple threeawn<br />
(Vasey) Allred<br />
nealleyi (Vasey) Vasey<br />
Aristida tuberculosa Nutt. seaside threeawn<br />
Arrhena<strong>the</strong>rum elatius (L.) J. & K. Arrhena<strong>the</strong>rum elatius var. bulbosum (Willd.) tall oat grass<br />
Presl ssp. bulbosum (Willd.) Schübler Spenner; Arrhena<strong>the</strong>rum elatius var.<br />
& Martens<br />
tuberosum Thiel.<br />
Arrhena<strong>the</strong>rum elatius (L.) J. & K. Arrhena<strong>the</strong>rum elatius var. biaristatum tall oat grass<br />
Presl ssp. elatius<br />
(Peterm.) Peterm.; Avena elatior L.<br />
Arthraxon hispidus (Thunb.) Mak<strong>in</strong>o Phalaris hispida Thunb. small carp grass<br />
Avena fatua L. Avena fatua var. glabrata Peterm. wild oat<br />
Avena sativa L. Avena fatua var. sativa (L.) Hausskn. oat<br />
Avena strigosa Schreb.<br />
lopsided oat<br />
Avenula pubescens (Huds.) Dumort. Avena pubescens Huds.; Helictotrichon downy alp<strong>in</strong>e oat grass<br />
pubescens (Huds.) Pilger<br />
Beckmannia syzigachne (Steud.) Fern. Beckmannia erucaeformis (L.) Host subsp.<br />
syzigachne (Steud.) Breitung; Panicum<br />
American slough grass<br />
syzigachne Steud.<br />
Bouteloua curtipendula (Michx.) A<strong>the</strong>ropogon curtipendulus (Michx.) Fourn.; sideoats grama<br />
Torr. var. curtipendula<br />
Chloris curtipendula Michx.<br />
Bouteloua gracilis (Willd. ex Kunth) Chondrosum gracile Willd. ex Kunth blue grama<br />
Lag. ex Griffiths<br />
Bouteloua hirsuta Lag. var. hirsuta Chondrosum hirsutum (Lag.) Kunth hairy grama<br />
Bouteloua repens (Kunth) Scribn. & Bouteloua filiformis (Fourn.) Griffiths; slender grama<br />
Merr.<br />
D<strong>in</strong>ebra repens Kunth<br />
Bouteloua rigidiseta (Steud.) A.S.<br />
Texas grama<br />
Hitchc.<br />
Bouteloua simplex Lag. Chondrosum prostratum (Lag.) Sweet mat grama
Brachyelytrum aristosum (Michx.) Brachyelytrum erectum var. septentrionale nor<strong>the</strong>rn long-awned wood<br />
Trel. <strong>in</strong> Branner & Coville<br />
Babel; Brachyelytrum septentrionale (Babel) G. grass<br />
Tucker; Dilepyrum aristosum Michx.<br />
Brachyelytrum erectum (Schreb.) Brachyelytrum aristosum var. glabratum sou<strong>the</strong>rn long-awned wood<br />
Beauv.<br />
Vasey; Brachyelytrum erectum var. glabratum grass<br />
(Vasey) T. Koyama & Kawano; Dilepyrum<br />
erectum (Schreb.) Farw.; Muhlenbergia erecta<br />
Schreb ; Muhlenbergia brachyelytrum Tr<strong>in</strong><br />
Brachypodium p<strong>in</strong>natum (L.) Beauv. Bromus p<strong>in</strong>natus L. heath false brome<br />
Briza media L.<br />
perennial quak<strong>in</strong>g grass<br />
Briza m<strong>in</strong>or L.<br />
little quak<strong>in</strong>g grass<br />
Bromus arvensis L.<br />
field brome<br />
Bromus briziformis Fisch. & C.A.<br />
rattlesnake brome<br />
Mey. <strong>in</strong> Fisch. et al.<br />
Bromus ciliatus L. Bromopsis ciliata (L.) Holub; Bromus fr<strong>in</strong>ged brome<br />
canadensis Michx.; Bromus ciliatus var.<br />
<strong>in</strong>tonsus Fern.; Bromus dudleyi Fern.<br />
Bromus commutatus Schrad.<br />
meadow brome<br />
Bromus erectus Huds. Bromopsis erecta (Huds.) Fourr. upright brome<br />
Bromus hordeaceus L. ssp.<br />
Bromus mollis L.<br />
soft brome<br />
hordeaceus<br />
Bromus hordeaceus L. ssp.<br />
Bromus mollis L. var. leiostachys Hartman soft brome<br />
pseudothom<strong>in</strong>ei (P. Sm.) H. Scholz<br />
Bromus hordeaceus L. ssp.<br />
Bromus thom<strong>in</strong>ei Hardou<strong>in</strong> soft brome<br />
thom<strong>in</strong>ei (Hardou<strong>in</strong>) Maire <strong>in</strong><br />
Emberger & Maire<br />
Bromus <strong>in</strong>ermis Leyss. ssp. <strong>in</strong>ermis Bromopsis <strong>in</strong>ermis (Leyss.) Holub smooth brome<br />
Bromus japonicus Thunb. ex Murr.<br />
Japanese brome<br />
Bromus kalmii Gray Bromopsis kalmii (Gray) Holub; Bromus Kalm's brome<br />
purgans L.<br />
Bromus latiglumis (Shear) A.S. Bromus altissimus Pursh; Bromus purgans , flanged brome<br />
Hitchc.<br />
misapplied<br />
Bromus lepidus Holmb.<br />
slender soft brome<br />
Bromus marg<strong>in</strong>atus Nees ex Steud. Bromus breviaristatus Buckl.; Bromus large mounta<strong>in</strong> brome<br />
car<strong>in</strong>atus Hook. var. l<strong>in</strong>earis Shear; Bromus<br />
car<strong>in</strong>atus Hook. var. marg<strong>in</strong>atus (Nees)<br />
Barkworth & Anderton; Ceratochloa<br />
marg<strong>in</strong>ata (Nees ex Steud )WA Weber<br />
Bromus pubescens Muhl. ex Willd. Bromus purgans , misapplied hairy wood brome<br />
Bromus racemosus L.<br />
bald brome<br />
Bromus rigidus Roth Anisantha rigida (Roth) Hyl.; Bromus ripgut brome<br />
diandrus Roth ssp. rigidus (Roth) La<strong>in</strong>z<br />
Bromus rubens L. Anisantha rubens (L.) Nevski foxtail brome<br />
Bromus secal<strong>in</strong>us L. Bromus secal<strong>in</strong>us var. velut<strong>in</strong>us (Schrad.) Koch rye brome<br />
Bromus squarrosus L.<br />
corn brome<br />
Bromus sterilis L. Anisantha sterilis (L.) Nevski poverty brome<br />
Bromus tectorum L. Anisantha tectorum (L.) Nevski cheat brome
Calamagrostis canadensis<br />
Beauv. var. canadensis<br />
(Michx.)<br />
Calamagrostis canadensis (Michx.)<br />
Beauv. var. langsdorfii (L<strong>in</strong>k) Inman<br />
Arundo canadensis Michx.; Calamagrostis<br />
canadensis var. robusta (Vasey) Stebb<strong>in</strong>s;<br />
Deyeuxia canadensis (Michx.) Munro ex Hook.<br />
f<br />
Arundo langsdorfii L<strong>in</strong>k; Calamagrostis<br />
canadensis var. scabra (J. Presl) A.S. Hitchc.;<br />
Calamagrostis langsdorfii (L<strong>in</strong>k) Tr<strong>in</strong>.;<br />
Calamagrostis nubilia Louis-Marie; Deyeuxia<br />
langsdorfii (L<strong>in</strong>k) Kunth; Deyeuxia preslii<br />
Kunth<br />
Calamagrostis canadensis (Michx.) Calamagrostis macouniana (Vasey) Vasey;<br />
Beauv. var. macouniana (Vasey) Deyeuxia macouniana Vasey<br />
Stebb<strong>in</strong>s<br />
Calamagrostis c<strong>in</strong>noides (Muhl.) W. Calamagrostis coarctata Torr. ex Eat.;<br />
Bart.<br />
Deyeuxia nuttalliana (Steud.) Vasey<br />
Calamagrostis epigejos (L.) Roth var.<br />
georgica (K. Koch) Ledeb.<br />
Calamagrostis picker<strong>in</strong>gii Gray Calamagrostis picker<strong>in</strong>gii var. debilis<br />
(Kearney) Fern. & Wieg.; Deyeuxia picker<strong>in</strong>gii<br />
Calamagrostis stricta (Timm) Koel.<br />
ssp. <strong>in</strong>expansa (Gray) C.W. Greene<br />
Calamagrostis stricta<br />
ssp. stricta<br />
(Timm) Koel.<br />
(Gray) Vasey<br />
Calamagrostis fernaldii Louis-Marie;<br />
Calamagrostis <strong>in</strong>expansa Gray;<br />
Calamagrostis <strong>in</strong>expansa Gray var. novaeangliae<br />
Stebb<strong>in</strong>s; Calamagrostis lacustris<br />
(Kearney) Nash; Calamagrostis stricta var.<br />
brevior Vasey; Deyeuxia neglecta (Ehrh.)<br />
Kunth var i Vasey <strong>in</strong> Macoun<br />
Arundo neglecta Ehrh.; Calamagrostis<br />
neglecta (Ehrh.) P.G. Gaertn. et al. ;<br />
Calamagrostis neglecta P.G. Gaertn. et al. ssp.<br />
stricta (Timm) Tzvelev; Deyeuxia neglecta<br />
(Ehrh ) Kunth<br />
Cenchrus longisp<strong>in</strong>us (Hack.) Fern. Cenchrus carol<strong>in</strong>ianaus Walt.; Cenchrus<br />
ech<strong>in</strong>atus L. forma longisp<strong>in</strong>us Hack.<br />
Cenchrus sp<strong>in</strong>ifex Cavanilles Cenchrus <strong>in</strong>certus M.A. Curtis; Cenchrus<br />
Chasmanthium latifolium (Michx.)<br />
Yates<br />
Chloris cucullata Bisch.<br />
Chloris gayana Kunth<br />
Canada reed grass<br />
Canada reed grass<br />
Canada reed grass<br />
Nuttall's reed grass<br />
fea<strong>the</strong>rtop reed grass<br />
Picker<strong>in</strong>g's reed grass<br />
neglected reed grass<br />
neglected reed grass<br />
long-sp<strong>in</strong>ed sandbur<br />
coastal sandbur<br />
pauciflorus Benth.<br />
Uniola latifolia Michx. Indian wood-oats<br />
hooded w<strong>in</strong>dmill-grass<br />
Rhodes w<strong>in</strong>dmill-grass<br />
Chloris verticillata Nutt. tumble w<strong>in</strong>dmill-grass<br />
Chloris virgata Sw.<br />
fea<strong>the</strong>r w<strong>in</strong>dmill-grass<br />
C<strong>in</strong>na arund<strong>in</strong>acea L. C<strong>in</strong>na arund<strong>in</strong>acea var. <strong>in</strong>expansa Fern. & sweet wood-reed<br />
Grisc.<br />
C<strong>in</strong>na latifolia (Trev. ex Goepp.)<br />
Griseb.<br />
Agrostis latifolia Trev. ex Goepp. slender wood-reed
Coleataenia longifolia (Torr.)<br />
Soreng ssp. elongata (Scribn.) Soreng<br />
Panicum agrostoides Muhl. var. elongatum<br />
Scribn.; Panicum elongatum Pursh; Panicum<br />
rigidulum Bosc ex Nees ssp. elongatum<br />
(Scribn.) Freckmann & Lelong; Panicum<br />
stipitatum Nash; Panicum rigidulum Bosc ex<br />
Nees var. elongatum (Scribn.) Lelonng;<br />
Sorengia longifolia (Torr.) Zuloaga & Morrone<br />
ssp. elongata (Scribn.) Zuloaga & Morrone<br />
long-leaved redtop-panicgrass<br />
Coleataenia longifolia<br />
Soreng ssp. longifolia<br />
(Torr.)<br />
Coleataenia longifolia (Torr.)<br />
Soreng ssp. rigidula (Bosc ex Nees)<br />
Soreng<br />
Panicum anceps Michx. var. pubescens Vasey;<br />
Panicum longifolium Torr.; Panicum<br />
longifolium Torr. var. pubescens (Vasey) Fern.;<br />
Panicum rigidulum Bosc ex Nees ssp.<br />
pubescens (Vasey) Freckmann & Lelong;<br />
Panicum rigidulum Bosc ex Nees var.<br />
pubescens (Vasey) Lelong; Sorengia<br />
longifolia (Torr.) Zuloaga & Morrone ssp.<br />
longifolia<br />
Panicum agrostoides Muhl.; Panicum<br />
condensum Nash; Panicum rigidulum Bosc ex<br />
Nees; Sorengia longifolia (Torr.) Zuloaga &<br />
Morrone ssp. rigidula (Bosc ex Nees) Zuloaga<br />
& Morrone<br />
long-leaved redtop-panicgrass<br />
long-leaved redtop-panicgrass<br />
Corynephorus canescens (L.) Beauv. Aira canescens L. gray club-awn grass<br />
Crypsis schoenoides (L.) Lam. Heleochloa schoenoides (L.) Host ex Roemer swamp pricklegrass<br />
Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. var. Cynodon aristiglumis Caro & E.A. Sánchez Bermuda grass<br />
dactylon<br />
Cynosurus cristatus L.<br />
crested dogtail grass<br />
Dactylis glomerata L.<br />
orchard grass<br />
Dactyloctenium aegyptium (L.) Willd. Cynosurus aegyptius L. Durban crowfoot grass<br />
Dactyloctenium radulans (R. Br.) Eleus<strong>in</strong>e radulans R. Br. button grass<br />
Beauv.<br />
Danthonia californica Boland. Danthonia americana Scribn. California oatgrass<br />
Danthonia compressa Aust<strong>in</strong> ex Peck Danthonia alleni Aust<strong>in</strong> flattened oatgrass<br />
Danthonia spicata (L.) Beauv. ex<br />
Roemer & J.A. Schultes<br />
Deschampsia anadyrensis V.N.<br />
Vassil.<br />
Deschampsia cespitosa (L.) Beauv.<br />
Deschampsia danthonioides (Tr<strong>in</strong>.)<br />
Munro<br />
Danthonia spicata var. longipila Scribn. & poverty oatgrass<br />
Merr.; Danthonia spicata var. p<strong>in</strong>etorum Piper<br />
Deschampsia cespitosa ssp. glauca (Hartman) glaucous hair grass<br />
Hartman; Deschampsia cespitosa var.<br />
glauca (Hartman) L<strong>in</strong>dm. f.; Deschampsia<br />
glauca Hartman<br />
Aira cespitosa L.; Deschampsia cespitosa tufted hair grass<br />
ssp. parviflora (Thuill.) Dumort.; Deschampsia<br />
cespitosa var. parviflora (Thuill.) Coss. &<br />
Germ<br />
Aira danthonioides Tr<strong>in</strong>. annual hair grass
Deschampsia elongata (Hook.) Aira elongata Hook.<br />
Munro<br />
Deschampsia flexuosa (L.) Tr<strong>in</strong>. Aira flexuosa L.; Avenella flexuosa (L.) Drej.;<br />
Avenella flexuosa (L.) Drej. ssp. montana (L.)<br />
A. & D. Löve; Deschampsia flexuosa ssp.<br />
montana (L.) A. & D. Löve; Lerchenfeldia<br />
flexuosa (L.) Schur; Lerchenfeldia flexuosa (L.)<br />
Schur ssp montana (L ) Tzvelev<br />
Desmazeria rigida (L.) Tut<strong>in</strong> Catapodium rigidum (L.) C.E. Hubbard ex<br />
Doney; Poa rigida L.; Scleropoa rigida (L.)<br />
Griseb.<br />
Dichan<strong>the</strong>lium acum<strong>in</strong>atum (Sw.) Dichan<strong>the</strong>lium lanug<strong>in</strong>osum (Ell.) Gould;<br />
Gould & C.A. Clark ssp. acum<strong>in</strong>atum Panicum acum<strong>in</strong>atum Sw.; Panicum auberne<br />
Ashe; Panicum lanug<strong>in</strong>osum Ell.<br />
Dichan<strong>the</strong>lium acum<strong>in</strong>atum (Sw.) Dichan<strong>the</strong>lium columbianum (Scribn.)<br />
Gould & C.A. Clark ssp.<br />
columbianum (Scribn.) Freckmann &<br />
Lelong<br />
Dichan<strong>the</strong>lium acum<strong>in</strong>atum (Sw.)<br />
Gould & C.A. Clark ssp.<br />
fasciculatum (Torr.) Freckmann &<br />
Lelong<br />
Freckmann; Panicum acum<strong>in</strong>atum Sw. var.<br />
columbianum (Scribn.) Lelong; Panicum<br />
columbianum Scribn.; Panicum oricola A.S.<br />
Hitchc. & Chase; Panicum sabulorum (Lam.)<br />
Gould & C.A. Clark var. th<strong>in</strong>ium (A.S. Hitchc. &<br />
Chase) C F Reed<br />
Dichan<strong>the</strong>lium lanug<strong>in</strong>osum (Ell.) Gould var.<br />
fasciculatum (Torr.) Spellenberg; Panicum<br />
lanug<strong>in</strong>osum Ell. var. fasciculatum (Torr.)<br />
Fern.; Panicum lanug<strong>in</strong>osum Ell.<br />
var. tennesseense (Ashe) Gleason; Panicum<br />
subvillosum Ashe; Panicum tennesseense Ashe<br />
slender hair grass<br />
wavy hair grass<br />
fern grass<br />
hairy rosette-panicgrass<br />
hairy rosette-panicgrass<br />
hairy rosette-panicgrass<br />
Dichan<strong>the</strong>lium acum<strong>in</strong>atum (Sw.)<br />
Gould & C.A. Clark ssp. implicatum<br />
(Scribn.) Freckmann & Lelong<br />
Dichan<strong>the</strong>lium acum<strong>in</strong>atum (Sw.)<br />
Gould & C.A. Clark ssp. l<strong>in</strong>dheimeri<br />
(Nash) Freckmann & Lelong<br />
Dichan<strong>the</strong>lium acum<strong>in</strong>atum (Sw.)<br />
Gould & C.A. Clark ssp. spretum<br />
(J.A. Schultes) Freckmann & Lelong<br />
Dichan<strong>the</strong>lium boreale (Nash)<br />
Freckmann<br />
Dichan<strong>the</strong>lium boscii (Poir.) Gould &<br />
C.A. Clark<br />
Dichan<strong>the</strong>lium clandest<strong>in</strong>um (L.)<br />
Gould<br />
Panicum lanug<strong>in</strong>osum Ell. var. implicatum hairy rosette-panicgrass<br />
(Scribn.) Fern.; Panicum acum<strong>in</strong>atum Sw. var.<br />
implicatum (Scribn.) C.F. Reed; Panicum<br />
meridionale Ashe<br />
Dichan<strong>the</strong>lium lanug<strong>in</strong>osum (Ell.) Gould var. hairy rosette-panicgrass<br />
l<strong>in</strong>dheimeri (Nash) Fern.; Dichan<strong>the</strong>lium<br />
l<strong>in</strong>dheimeri (Nash) Gould; Panicum<br />
lanug<strong>in</strong>osum Ell. var. l<strong>in</strong>dheimeri (Nash) Fern.;<br />
Panicum lanug<strong>in</strong>osum Ell. var. septentrionale<br />
(Fern ) Fern<br />
Dichan<strong>the</strong>lium acum<strong>in</strong>atum var. densiflorum hairy rosette-panicgrass<br />
(Rand & Redf.) Gould & C.A. Clark; Panicum<br />
nitidum Lam. var. densiflorum Rand & Redf.;<br />
Panicum spretum J A Schultes<br />
Panicum boreale Nash<br />
nor<strong>the</strong>rn rosette-panicgrass<br />
Panicum boscii Poir.; Panicum boscii Poir. Bosc's rosette-panicgrass<br />
var. molle (Vasey) A.S. Hitchc. & Chase<br />
Panicum clandest<strong>in</strong>um L. deer-tongue rosette-panicgrass
Dichan<strong>the</strong>lium commutatum (J.A.<br />
Schultes) Gould ssp. ashei (G.<br />
Panicum ashei Pearson ex Ashe; Panicum<br />
commutatum (J.A. Schultes) Gould var.<br />
Ashe's variable rosettepanicgrass<br />
Pearson ex Ashe) Freckmann &<br />
Lelong<br />
ashei (Pearson ex Ashe) Fern.; Panicum<br />
umbrosum Le Conte ex Torr.<br />
Dichan<strong>the</strong>lium depauperatum (Muhl.) Panicum depauperatum Muhl.; Panicum starved rosette-panicgrass<br />
Gould<br />
depauperatum Muhl. var. psilophyllum Fern.<br />
Dichan<strong>the</strong>lium dichotomum (L.) Panicum barbulatum Michx.; Panicum forked rosette-panicgrass<br />
Gould ssp. dichotomum<br />
dichotomum L.<br />
Dichan<strong>the</strong>lium dichotomum (L.) Panicum clutei Nash; Panicum dichotomum L. forked rosette-panicgrass<br />
Gould ssp. mattamuskeetense (Ashe) var. mattamuskeetense (Ashe) Lelong;<br />
Freckmann & Lelong<br />
Panicum mattamuskeetense Ashe<br />
Dichan<strong>the</strong>lium dichotomum<br />
Dichan<strong>the</strong>lium microcarpon (Muhl. ex Ell.) forked rosette-panicgrass<br />
(L.) Gould ssp. microcarpon (Muhl. Mohlenbrock; Panicum microcarpon Muhl. ex<br />
ex Ell.) Freckmann & Lelong Ell.; Panicum nitidum Lam. var. ramulosum<br />
Torr<br />
Dichan<strong>the</strong>lium latifolium (L.) Harvill Panicum latifolium L. broad-leaved rosette-panicgrass<br />
Dichan<strong>the</strong>lium l<strong>in</strong>earifolium (Scribn.)<br />
Gould<br />
Dichan<strong>the</strong>lium oligosan<strong>the</strong>s<br />
(J.A. Schultes) Gould ssp.<br />
scribnerianum (Nash) Freckmann &<br />
Lelong<br />
Dichan<strong>the</strong>lium ovale (Ell.) Gould &<br />
C.A. Clark ssp.<br />
pseudopubescens (Nash) Freckmann<br />
& Lelong<br />
Dichan<strong>the</strong>lium depauperatum var. perlongum<br />
(Nash) Boiv<strong>in</strong>; Panicum l<strong>in</strong>earifolium Scribn.;<br />
Panicum perlongum Nash; Panicum werneri<br />
Scribn<br />
Panicum macrocarpon Le Conte ex Torr.;<br />
Panicum oligosan<strong>the</strong>s J.A. Schultes var.<br />
scribnerianum (Nash) Fern.<br />
Dichan<strong>the</strong>lium commonsianum (Ashe)<br />
Freckmann; Panicum addisonii Nash; Panicum<br />
commonsianum Ashe; Panicum ovale Ell. var.<br />
addisonii (Nash) C.F. Reed; Panicum ovale Ell.<br />
var. pseudopubescens (Nash) Lelong<br />
l<strong>in</strong>ear-leaved rosette-panicgrass<br />
few-flowered rosette-panicgrass<br />
stiff-leaved rosette-panicgrass<br />
Dichan<strong>the</strong>lium ovale (Ell.) Gould &<br />
C.A. Clark ssp. villosissimum (Nash)<br />
Freckmann & Lelong<br />
Dichan<strong>the</strong>lium scabriusculum (Ell.)<br />
Gould & C.A. Clark<br />
Dichan<strong>the</strong>lium ×scoparioides (Ashe)<br />
Mohlenbrock<br />
Dichan<strong>the</strong>lium scoparium<br />
(Lam.) Gould<br />
Dichan<strong>the</strong>lium sphaerocarpon (Ell.)<br />
Gould<br />
Dichan<strong>the</strong>lium wrightianum (Scribn.)<br />
Freckmann<br />
Panicum acum<strong>in</strong>atum Sw. var. villosissimum stiff-leaved rosette-panicgrass<br />
(Nash) C.F. Reed; Panicum atlanticum Nash;<br />
Panicum lanug<strong>in</strong>osum (Ell.) Gould var.<br />
villosissimum (Nash) Gould; Panicum<br />
villosissimum Nash<br />
Panicum aculeatum A.S. Hitchc. & Chase; tall swamp rosette-panicgrass<br />
Panicum scabriusculum Ell.<br />
Dichan<strong>the</strong>lium acum<strong>in</strong>atum × D. oligosan<strong>the</strong>s ;<br />
Panicum villosissimum Nash var. scoparioides<br />
(Ashe) Fern.<br />
Panicum scoparium Lam. velvety rosette-panicgrass<br />
Panicum sphaerocarpon Ell. round-fruited rosette-panicgrass<br />
Panicum acum<strong>in</strong>atum Sw. var. wrightianum Wright's rosette-panicgrass<br />
(Scribn.) C.F. Reed; Panicum m<strong>in</strong>utulum Desv.;<br />
Panicum wrightianum Scribn.
Dichan<strong>the</strong>lium xanthophysum (Gray) Panicum xanthophysum Gray pale-leaved rosette-panicgrass<br />
Gould<br />
Digitaria cognata (J.A. Schultes) Leptoloma cognatum (J.A. Schultes) Chase fall crabgrass<br />
Pilger<br />
Digitaria filiformis (L.) Koel. var. Panicum filiforme L. slender crabgrass<br />
filiformis<br />
Digitaria filiformis (L.) Koel. var. Digitaria laeviglumis Fern. slender crabgrass<br />
laeviglumis (Fern.) Wipff<br />
Digitaria ischaemum (Schreb.) Muhl. Panicum ischaemum Schreb. smooth crabgrass<br />
Digitaria sangu<strong>in</strong>alis (L.) Scop. Panicum sangu<strong>in</strong>ale L. hairy crabgrass<br />
Digitaria violascens L<strong>in</strong>k Digitaria ischaemum var. violascens (L<strong>in</strong>k) violet crabgrass<br />
Radford; Syn<strong>the</strong>risma ch<strong>in</strong>ensis (Nees) A.S.<br />
Hitchc.<br />
D<strong>in</strong>ebra panicea (Retz.) P.M. Peterson Leptochloa filiformis (Lam.) Beauv. var. needle viper grass<br />
& N. Snow ssp. mucronata (Michx.) attenuata (Nutt.) Steyermark & Kucera;<br />
P.M. Peterson & N. Snow<br />
Leptochloa mucronata (Michx.) Kunth;<br />
Leptochloa panicea (Retz.) Ohwi ssp.<br />
mucronata (Michx.) Nowack; Poa panicea<br />
Diplachne fusca (L.) Beauv. ssp.<br />
fascicularis (Lam.) P.M. Peterson &<br />
N. Snow<br />
Retz<br />
Diplachne acum<strong>in</strong>ata Nash; Diplachne<br />
fascicularis (Lam.) Beauv.; Festuca<br />
fascicularis Lam.; Leptochloa fascicularis<br />
(Lam.) Gray; Leptochloa fusca (L.) Kunth ssp.<br />
fascicularis (Lam ) N Snow<br />
Diplachne fusca (L.) Beauv. ssp. Diplachne un<strong>in</strong>ervia (J. Presl) Parodi;<br />
un<strong>in</strong>ervia (J. Presl) P.M. Peterson & Leptochloa un<strong>in</strong>ervia (J. Presl) A.S. Hitchc. &<br />
N. Snow<br />
Chase; Megastachya un<strong>in</strong>ervia J. Presl<br />
Diplachne maritima Bickn. Leptochloa fascicularis (Lam.) Gray var.<br />
maritima (Bickn.) Gleason; Leptochloa<br />
bearded beetle grass<br />
bearded beetle grass<br />
salt-meadow beetle grass<br />
maritima (Bickn.) LeBlond & Sorrie<br />
Distichlis spicata (L.) Greene Distichlis spicata var. borealis (J. Presl) saltgrass<br />
Beetle; Uniola spicata L.<br />
Ech<strong>in</strong>ochloa colona (L.) L<strong>in</strong>k Panicum colonum L. awnless barnyard grass<br />
Ech<strong>in</strong>ochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv. Panicum crus-galli L. common barnyard grass<br />
Ech<strong>in</strong>ochloa frumentacea L<strong>in</strong>k Ech<strong>in</strong>ochloa crus-galli var. frumentacea billion-dollar barnyard grass<br />
Ech<strong>in</strong>ochloa muricata (Beauv.) Fern.<br />
var. microstachya Wieg.<br />
Ech<strong>in</strong>ochloa muricata (Beauv.) Fern.<br />
var. muricata<br />
(L<strong>in</strong>k) W. Wight<br />
Ech<strong>in</strong>ochloa microstachya (Wieg.) Rydb.;<br />
Ech<strong>in</strong>ochloa pungens (Poir.) Rydb. var.<br />
microstachya (Wieg.) Fern. & Grisc.;<br />
Ech<strong>in</strong>ochloa pungens (Poir.) Rydb. var.<br />
American barnyard grass<br />
wiegandii Fassett<br />
Ech<strong>in</strong>ochloa pungens (Poir.) Rydb. American barnyard grass<br />
Ech<strong>in</strong>ochloa walteri (Pursh) Heller Panicum walteri Pursh coast barnyard grass<br />
Eleus<strong>in</strong>e <strong>in</strong>dica (L.) Gaertn. Cynosurus <strong>in</strong>dicus L. goosegrass<br />
Elymus canadensis L. var. canadensis Elymus canadensis var. glaucifolius (Muhl. ex Great Pla<strong>in</strong>s wild-rye<br />
Willd.) Torr.; Elymus canadensis var. villosus<br />
Bates
Elymus curvatus Piper Elymus submuticus (Hook.) Smyth & Smyth;<br />
Elymus virg<strong>in</strong>icus var. submuticus Hook.<br />
Elymus glabriflorus (Vasey ex Dewey) Elymus australis Scribn. & Ball; Elymus<br />
Scribn. & Ball var. australis (Scribn. virg<strong>in</strong>icus var. australis (Scribn. & Ball) A.S.<br />
& Ball) J.J.N. Campb.<br />
Hitchc.<br />
Elymus glabriflorus (Vasey ex Dewey) Elymus virg<strong>in</strong>icus var. glabriflorus (Vasey ex<br />
Scribn. & Ball var. glabriflorus Dewey) Bush<br />
awnless wild-rye<br />
sou<strong>the</strong>astern wild-rye<br />
sou<strong>the</strong>astern wild-rye<br />
Elymus glabriflorus × E. hystrix<br />
Elymus hystrix L. var. bigeloviana<br />
(Fern.) Bowden<br />
Elymus hystrix L. var. hystrix<br />
Elymus hystrix × E. riparius<br />
Elymus macgregorii R. Brooks &<br />
J.J.N. Campb.<br />
Elymus repens (L.) Gould<br />
Hystrix patula Moench var. bigeloviana (Fern.)<br />
Deam<br />
Hystrix hystrix (L.) Millsp.; Hystrix patula<br />
Moench<br />
Agropyron repens (L.) Gould; Elytrigia repens<br />
(L.) Desv. ex B.D. Jackson; Triticum repens L.<br />
Elymus riparius Wieg. Elymus canadensis var. riparius (Wieg.)<br />
Boiv<strong>in</strong><br />
Elymus riparius × E. wiegandii<br />
eastern bottle-brush grass<br />
eastern bottle-brush grass<br />
early wild-rye<br />
creep<strong>in</strong>g wild-rye<br />
eastern riverbank wild-rye<br />
Elymus trachycaulus (L<strong>in</strong>k) Gould ex<br />
Sh<strong>in</strong>ners ssp. glaucus (Pease &<br />
Moore) Cody<br />
Elymus trachycaulus (L<strong>in</strong>k) Gould ex<br />
Sh<strong>in</strong>ners var. trachycaulus<br />
Elymus villosus Muhl. ex Willd. var.<br />
arkansanus (Scribn. & Ball) J.J.N.<br />
Campb.<br />
Elymus villosus Muhl. ex Willd. var.<br />
villosus<br />
Elymus virg<strong>in</strong>icus L. var. halophilus<br />
(Bickn.) Wieg.<br />
Elymus virg<strong>in</strong>icus L. var. <strong>in</strong>termedius<br />
(Vasey ex Gray) Bush<br />
Elymus virg<strong>in</strong>icus L. var. jejunus<br />
Agropyron can<strong>in</strong>um (L.) Beauv. var. pubescens<br />
Scribn. & J.G. Sm.; Agropyron trachycaulum<br />
(L<strong>in</strong>k) Malte var. glaucum (Pease & Moore)<br />
Malte<br />
Agropyron trachycaulum (L<strong>in</strong>k) Malte ex H.F.<br />
Lewis; Agropyron trachycaulum (L<strong>in</strong>k) Malte<br />
ex H.F. Lewis var. majus (Vasey) Fern.;<br />
Agropyron trachycaulum (L<strong>in</strong>k) Malte ex H.F.<br />
Lewis var. novae-angliae (Scribn.) Fern.;<br />
wheatgrass<br />
slender wild-rye<br />
Triticum trachycaulum L<br />
Elymus arkansanus Scrib. & Ball downy wild-rye<br />
Elymus canadensis var. villosus (Muhl. ex<br />
Willd.) Sh<strong>in</strong>ners; Elymus striatus Willd. var.<br />
downy wild-rye<br />
villosus (Muhl. ex Willd.) Gray<br />
Elymus halophilus Bickn. common eastern wild-rye<br />
Elymus hirsutiglumis Scribn.; Elymus<br />
virg<strong>in</strong>icus var. hirsutiglumis (Scribn.) A.S.<br />
Hitchc.<br />
Elymus jejunus (Ramaley) Rydb.<br />
common eastern wild-rye<br />
common eastern wild-rye<br />
(Ramaley) Bush<br />
Elymus virg<strong>in</strong>icus L. var. virg<strong>in</strong>icus Elymus striatus Willd. common eastern wild-rye<br />
Elymus wiegandii Fern. Elymus canadensis var. wiegandii (Fern.) Wiegand's wild-rye<br />
Bowden<br />
Eragrostis capillaris (L.) Nees lace lovegrass
Eragrostis cilianensis (All.) Lut. ex Eragrostis major Host; Eragrostis<br />
st<strong>in</strong>k<strong>in</strong>g lovegrass<br />
Janchen<br />
megastachya (Koel.) L<strong>in</strong>k; Poa cilianensis All.<br />
Eragrostis curvula (Schrad.) Nees<br />
weep<strong>in</strong>g lovegrass<br />
Eragrostis frankii C.A. Mey. ex Eragrostis frankii var. brevipes Fassett sandbar lovegrass<br />
Steud.<br />
Eragrostis hypnoides (Lam.) B.S.P. Poa hypnoides Lam. teel lovegrass<br />
Eragrostis <strong>in</strong>termedia Hitchc. pla<strong>in</strong>s lovegrass<br />
Eragrostis mexicana (Hornem.) L<strong>in</strong>k Eragrostis orcuttiana Vasey; E. virescens J. Mexican lovegrass<br />
ssp. virescens (J. Presl) S.D. Koch &<br />
Sánchez<br />
Presl<br />
Eragrostis m<strong>in</strong>or Host Eragrostis eragrostis (L.) Beauv.; Eragrostis little lovegrass<br />
poaeoides Beauv. ex Roemer & J.A. Schultes<br />
Eragrostis pect<strong>in</strong>acea (Michx.) Nees Eragrostis diffusa Buckl.; Poa pect<strong>in</strong>acea tufted lovegrass<br />
ex Steud. var. pect<strong>in</strong>acea<br />
Michx.<br />
Eragrostis pilosa (L.) Beauv. var. Eragrostis multicaulis Steud.; Poa pilosa L. India lovegrass<br />
pilosa<br />
Eragrostis spectabilis (Pursh) Steud. Eragrostis spectabilis var. sparsihirsuta purple lovegrass<br />
Farw.; Poa spectabilis Pursh<br />
Eremochloa ophiuroides (Munro) Ischaemum ophiuroides Munro centipede grass<br />
Hack.<br />
Festuca brachyphylla J.A. Schultes & Festuca ov<strong>in</strong>a var. alp<strong>in</strong>a (Gaud<strong>in</strong>) W.D.J. alp<strong>in</strong>e fescue<br />
J.A. Schultes f. ssp. brachyphylla Koch; Festuca ov<strong>in</strong>a var. brachyphylla (J.A.<br />
Schultes & J.A. Schultes f.) Piper ex A.S.<br />
Hitchc.; Festuca ov<strong>in</strong>a ssp. brevifolia (S.<br />
Wats ) Hack <strong>in</strong> part<br />
Festuca filiformis Pourret Festuca capillata Lam.; Festuca ov<strong>in</strong>a var. f<strong>in</strong>e-leaved sheep fescue<br />
capillata (Lam.) Alef.; Festuca tenuifolia<br />
Sibthorp<br />
Festuca ov<strong>in</strong>a L.<br />
sheep fescue<br />
Festuca prolifera (Piper) Fern. Festuca rubra var. prolifera (Piper) Piper proliferous fescue<br />
Festuca rubra L. ssp. commutata Festuca nigrescens Lam.; Festuca rubra var. red fescue<br />
Gaud<strong>in</strong><br />
commutata Gaud<strong>in</strong><br />
Festuca rubra L. ssp. fallax (Thuill.) Festuca diffusa Dumort.; Festuca heteromalla red fescue<br />
Nyman<br />
Pourret; Festuca multiflora Hoffmann; Festuca<br />
rubra var. multiflora (Hoffmann) Aschers. &<br />
Graebn<br />
Festuca rubra L. ssp. pru<strong>in</strong>osa Festuca rubra L. ssp. densiuscula Hack. ex red fescue<br />
(Hack.) Piper<br />
Piper; Festuca rubra ssp. juncea (Hack.) Soó;<br />
Festuca rubra var. juncea (Hack.) Richter<br />
Festuca rubra ssp. rubra Festuca duriuscula L.; Festuca ov<strong>in</strong>a var. red fescue<br />
rubra (L.) Sm.<br />
Festuca subverticillata (Pers.) Festuca obtusa Biehler<br />
nodd<strong>in</strong>g fescue<br />
Alexeev<br />
Festuca trachyphylla (Hack.) Kraj<strong>in</strong>a Festuca ov<strong>in</strong>a var. duriuscula , of authors not hard fescue<br />
(L.) W.D.J. Koch<br />
Gastridium phleoides (Nees & Meyen) Gastridium ventricosum , of authors not nit grass<br />
C.E. Hubbard<br />
(Gouan) Sch<strong>in</strong>z & Thellung<br />
Glyceria acutiflora Torr. Panicularia acutiflora (Torr.) Kuntze sharp-scaled manna grass<br />
Glyceria borealis (Nash) Batchelder Panicularia borealis Nash nor<strong>the</strong>rn manna grass
Glyceria canadensis (Michx.) Tr<strong>in</strong>. Panicularia canadensis (Michx.) Kuntze rattlesnake manna grass<br />
Glyceria fluitans (L.) R. Br. Festuca fluitans L.; Panicularia fluitans (L.) water manna grass<br />
Kuntze<br />
Glyceria grandis S. Wats. var.<br />
grandis<br />
Glyceria maxima ssp. grandis (S. Wats.)<br />
Hultén; Glyceria maxima var. americana<br />
American manna grass<br />
(Torr.) Boiv<strong>in</strong>; Panicularia grandis (S. Wats.)<br />
Nash<br />
Glyceria laxa (Scribn.) Scribn. Panicularia laxa Scribn. flaccid manna grass<br />
Glyceria maxima (Hartman) Holmb. Glyceria spectabilis Mert. & Koch; Mol<strong>in</strong>ia reed manna grass<br />
maxima Hartman<br />
Glyceria melicaria (Michx.)<br />
Panicularia melicaria (Michx.) A.S. Hitchc. nor<strong>the</strong>astern manna grass<br />
F.T. Hubbard<br />
Glyceria obtusa (Muhl.) Tr<strong>in</strong>. Panicularia obtusa (Muhl.) Kuntze Atlantic manna grass<br />
Glyceria septentrionalis A.S. Hitchc. Panicularia septentrionalis (A.S. Hitchc.) float<strong>in</strong>g manna grass<br />
var. septentrionalis<br />
Bickn.<br />
Glyceria striata (Lam.) A.S. Hitchc. Glyceria striata var. stricta (Scribn.) Fern.; fowl manna grass<br />
Graphephorum melicoides (Michx.)<br />
Desv.<br />
Panicularia nervata (Willd.) Kuntze<br />
Aira melicoides Michx.; Trisetum melicoides<br />
(Michx.) Vasey ex Scribn.; Trisetum melicoides<br />
(Michx.) Vasey ex Scribn. var. majus (Gray) A.S.<br />
graphephorum<br />
Hitchc<br />
Holcus lanatus L. Nothoholcus lanatus (L.) Nash common velvet grass<br />
Holcus mollis L. ssp. mollis<br />
creep<strong>in</strong>g velvet grass<br />
Hordeum brachyan<strong>the</strong>rum Nevski ssp. Critesion brachyan<strong>the</strong>rum (Nevski) Barkworth meadow barley<br />
brachyan<strong>the</strong>rum<br />
& D.R. Dewey; Hordeum boreale Scrib. & J.G.<br />
Sm.; Hordeum nodosum L., <strong>in</strong> part; Hordeum<br />
nodosum L. var. boreale (Scrib. & J.G. Sm.) A.S.<br />
Hitchc<br />
Hordeum jubatum L. ssp. jubatum Critesion jubatum (L.) Nevski fox-tail barley<br />
Hordeum mur<strong>in</strong>um L. ssp. lepor<strong>in</strong>um Critesion mur<strong>in</strong>um (L.) A. Löve var. lepor<strong>in</strong>um mouse barley<br />
(L<strong>in</strong>k) Arcang.<br />
(L<strong>in</strong>k) A. Löve; Hordeum lepor<strong>in</strong>um L<strong>in</strong>k<br />
Hordeum pusillum Nutt. Critesion pusillum (Nutt.) A. Löve little barley<br />
Hordeum vulgare L. Hordeum distichon L.; Hordeum hexastichon common barley<br />
L.; Hordeum vulgare var. trifurcatum<br />
(Schlecht.) Alef.<br />
Koeleria macrantha (Ledeb.) J.A. Koeleria cristata , of authors not Pers.; Koeleria prairie Koeler's grass<br />
Schultes<br />
pyramidata , misapplied<br />
Leersia oryzoides (L.) Sw. Homalocenchrus oryzoides (L.) Pollich; rice cut grass<br />
Phalaris oryzoides L.<br />
Leersia virg<strong>in</strong>ica Willd. Homalocenchrus virg<strong>in</strong>icus (Willd.) Britt.;<br />
Leymus mollis (Tr<strong>in</strong>.) Hara ssp.<br />
mollis<br />
Leersia virg<strong>in</strong>ica var. ovata (Poir.) Fern.<br />
Elymus arenarius L. var. villosus E. Mey.;<br />
Elymus capitatus Scrib.; Elymus mollis Tr<strong>in</strong>.;<br />
Leymus arenarius (L.) Hochst. ssp. mollis<br />
(Tr<strong>in</strong> ) Tzvelev<br />
white cut grass<br />
American lyme grass
Lolium multiflorum Lam. Lolium multiflorum ssp. italicum (A. Braun)<br />
Volk. ex Sch<strong>in</strong>z & R. Keller; Lolium perenne<br />
var. aristatum Willd.; Lolium perenne ssp.<br />
multiflorum (Lam.) Husnot; Lolium perenne<br />
Italian rye grass<br />
var multiflorum (Lam ) Parnell<br />
Lolium perenne L. Lolium multiflorum var. ramosum Guss. ex perennial rye grass<br />
Arcang.; Lolium perenne var. cristatum Pers. ex<br />
B.D. Jackson<br />
Lolium temulentum L. ssp. temulentum Lolium arvense With.; Lolium temulentum var. poison darnel<br />
arvense (With.) Lilja<br />
Mibora m<strong>in</strong>ima (L.) Desv. Agrostis m<strong>in</strong>ima L. early sand grass<br />
Microstegium vim<strong>in</strong>eum (Tr<strong>in</strong>.) A. Andropogon vim<strong>in</strong>eum Tr<strong>in</strong>.; Eulalia vim<strong>in</strong>ea Japanese stiltgrass<br />
Camus<br />
(Tr<strong>in</strong>.) Kuntze<br />
Milium effusum L. ssp. cisatlanticum Milium effusum var. cisatlanticum Fern. millet grass<br />
(Fern.) A. Ha<strong>in</strong>es<br />
Miscanthus sacchariflorus (Maxim.)<br />
Amur silvergrass<br />
Franch.<br />
Miscanthus s<strong>in</strong>ensis Anderss. Miscanthus s<strong>in</strong>ensis var. gracillimus A.S. Ch<strong>in</strong>ese silvergrass<br />
Hitchc.<br />
Mol<strong>in</strong>ia caerulea (L.) Moench Aira caerulea L. purple moorgrass<br />
Muhlenbergia alopecuroides<br />
Lycurus alopecuroides Griseb.; Lycurus bristly wolfstail<br />
(Griseb.) P.M. Peterson<br />
setosus (Nutt.) C.G. Reeder ; Pleopogon setosus<br />
Nutt.<br />
Muhlenbergia capillaris (Lam.) Tr<strong>in</strong>. Stipa capillaris Lam. hair-awned muhly<br />
Muhlenbergia ×curtisetosa Scribn. Muhlenbergia frondosa × M. schreberi<br />
Muhlenbergia frondosa (Poir.) Fern. Agrostis frondosa Poir. wire-stemmed muhly<br />
Muhlenbergia glomerata (Willd.) Muhlenbergia glomerata var. c<strong>in</strong>noides (L<strong>in</strong>k) spike muhly<br />
Tr<strong>in</strong>.<br />
F.J. Herm<br />
Muhlenbergia mexicana (L.) Tr<strong>in</strong>. Agrostis mexicana L.; Muhlenbergia mexicana Mexican muhly<br />
var. filiformis (Torr.) Scribn.<br />
Muhlenbergia racemosa (Michx.) Agrostis racemosa Michx. marsh muhly<br />
B.S.P.<br />
Muhlenbergia richardsonis (Tr<strong>in</strong>.) Muhlenbergia squarrosa (Tr<strong>in</strong>.) Rydb. matted muhly<br />
Rydb.<br />
Muhlenbergia schreberi J.F. Gmel. Muhlenbergia schreberi var. palustris (Scribn.) nimblewill muhly<br />
Scribn.<br />
Muhlenbergia sobolifera (Muhl. ex Agrostis sobolifera Muhl. ex Willd. rock muhly<br />
Willd.) Tr<strong>in</strong>.<br />
Muhlenbergia sylvatica Torr. ex Agrostis sylvatica Torr. ex Gray; Muhlenbergia woodland muhly<br />
Gray<br />
sylvatica var. robusta Fern.<br />
Muhlenbergia tenuiflora (Willd.) Agrostis tenuiflora Willd. slender muhly<br />
B.S.P.<br />
Muhlenbergia uniflora (Muhl.) Fern. Agrostis serot<strong>in</strong>a Torr.; Sporobolus serot<strong>in</strong>us bog muhly<br />
Gray; Sporobolus uniflorus (Muhl.) Scribn. &<br />
Merr.<br />
Nardus stricta L.<br />
doormat grass<br />
Oryzopsis asperifolia Michx. white-gra<strong>in</strong>ed rice grass
Panicum amarum Ell. ssp. amarulum Panicum amarulum A.S. Hitchc. & Chase; bitter panicgrass<br />
(A.S. Hitchc. & Chase) Freckmann & Panicum amarum var. amarulum (A.S. Hitchc.<br />
Lelong<br />
& Chase) P.G. Palmer<br />
Panicum amarum Ell. ssp. amarum<br />
bitter panicgrass<br />
Panicum capillare L. ssp. capillare Panicum capillare var. agreste Gatt<strong>in</strong>ger witch panicgrass<br />
Panicum dichotomiflorum Michx. var. Panicum dichotomiflorum var. geniculatum fall panicgrass<br />
dichotomiflorum<br />
(Wood) Fern.<br />
Panicum dichotomiflorum Michx. var. Panicum dichotomiflorum var. puritanorum fall panicgrass<br />
puritanorum Svens.<br />
Svens.<br />
Panicum flexile (Gatt<strong>in</strong>ger) Scribn. Panicum capillare var. flexile Gatt<strong>in</strong>ger wiry panicgrass<br />
Panicum miliaceum L. ssp. miliaceum<br />
Proso millet<br />
Panicum philadelphicum Bernh. ex Panicum capillare var. campestre Gatt<strong>in</strong>ger;<br />
Tr<strong>in</strong>. ssp. gatt<strong>in</strong>geri (Nash)<br />
Freckmann & Lelong<br />
Panicum gatt<strong>in</strong>geri Nash<br />
Panicum philadelphicum Bernh.<br />
ex Tr<strong>in</strong>. ssp. philadelphicum<br />
Panicum tuckermanii Fern. Panicum philadelphicum var. tuckermanii<br />
(Fern.) Steyermark & Schmoll<br />
Panicum verrucosum Muhl.<br />
Panicum virgatum L. Panicum virgatum var. cubense Griseb.;<br />
Panicum virgatum var. spissum L<strong>in</strong>der<br />
Pappophorum vag<strong>in</strong>atum Buckl.<br />
Pascopyrum smithii (Rydb.) A. Löve Agropyron smithii Rydb.; Elytrigia smithii<br />
Nash<br />
Paspalum ciliatifolium Michx. var.<br />
muhlenbergii (Nash) Fern.; Paspalum<br />
muhlenbergii Nash; Paspalum pubescens<br />
Philadelphia panicgrass<br />
Philadelphia panicgrass<br />
Tuckerman's panicgrass<br />
warty panicgrass<br />
switch panicgrass<br />
whiplash pappusgrass<br />
western wheat grass<br />
(Rydb.) Nevski<br />
Paspalum laeve Michx. Paspalum circulare Nash; Paspalum laeve var. field beadgrass<br />
ciculare (Nash) Stone; Paspalum longipilum<br />
Paspalum setaceum Michx. var.<br />
muhlenbergii (Nash) D. Banks<br />
slender beadgrass<br />
Muhl<br />
Paspalum setaceum Michx. var. Paspalum psammophilum Nash slender beadgrass<br />
psammophilum (Nash) D. Banks<br />
Paspalum setaceum Michx. var.<br />
slender beadgrass<br />
setaceum<br />
Phalaris arund<strong>in</strong>acea L. Phalaris arund<strong>in</strong>acea var. picta L.;<br />
reed canary grass<br />
Phalaroides arund<strong>in</strong>acea (L.) Raeusch.;<br />
Phalaroides arund<strong>in</strong>acea var. picta (L.)<br />
Tzvelev<br />
Phalaris canariensis L.<br />
Phleum alp<strong>in</strong>um L. Phleum alp<strong>in</strong>um var. commutatum (Gaud<strong>in</strong>)<br />
Griseb.; Phleum commutatum Gaud<strong>in</strong>; Phleum<br />
commutatum Gaud<strong>in</strong> var. americanum (Fourn.)<br />
Hultén<br />
Phleum arenarium L.<br />
Phleum pratense L. Phleum nodosum L.; Phleum pratense var.<br />
nodosum (L.) Huds.<br />
common canary grass<br />
mounta<strong>in</strong> Timothy<br />
sand Timothy<br />
common Timothy
Phleum subulatum (Savi) Aschers. &<br />
Graebn.<br />
Phragmites americanus (Saltonstall,<br />
P.M. Peterson, & Soreng) A. Ha<strong>in</strong>es<br />
Phleum bellardii Willd. Italian Timothy<br />
Phragmites australis (Cav.) Tr<strong>in</strong>. ex Steud. ssp.<br />
americanus Saltonstall, P.M. Peterson, &<br />
American reed<br />
Soreng<br />
Phragmites australis (Cav.) Tr<strong>in</strong>. ex Phragmites communis Tr<strong>in</strong>. common reed<br />
Steud.<br />
Phyllostachys dulcis McClure<br />
sweet-shoot bamboo<br />
Pipta<strong>the</strong>rum canadense (Poir.) Dorn Oryzopsis canadensis (Poir.) Torr.; Stipa Canada mounta<strong>in</strong>-rice grass<br />
canadensis Poir.<br />
Pipta<strong>the</strong>rum pungens (Torr. ex Milium pungens Torr. ex Spreng.; Oryzopsis short-awned mounta<strong>in</strong>-rice<br />
Spreng.) Dorn<br />
pungens (Torr. ex Spr<strong>in</strong>g.) A.S. Hitchc.<br />
grass<br />
Pipta<strong>the</strong>rum racemosum (Sm.) Eat. Milium racemosum Sm.; Oryzopsis racemosa black-seeded mounta<strong>in</strong>-rice<br />
(Sm.) Ricker<br />
grass<br />
Piptochaetium avenaceum (L.) Parodi Stipa avenacea L. black-seeded spear grass<br />
Poa alsodes Gray<br />
grove blue grass<br />
Poa annua L.<br />
annual blue grass<br />
Poa bulbosa L. ssp. vivipara (Koel.) Poa bulbosa var. vivipara Koel.<br />
bulbous blue grass<br />
Arcang.<br />
Poa chapmaniana Scribn.<br />
Chapman's blue grass<br />
Poa compressa L.<br />
flat-stemmed blue grass<br />
Poa glauca Vahl ssp. glauca Poa glaucantha Gaud<strong>in</strong> glaucous blue grass<br />
Poa <strong>in</strong>terior Rydb.<br />
Poa nemoralis ssp. <strong>in</strong>terior (Rydb.) W.A. <strong>in</strong>terior blue grass<br />
Weber; Poa nemoralis var. <strong>in</strong>terior (Rydb.)<br />
Butters & Abbe<br />
Poa laxa Haenke ssp. fernaldiana Poa fernaldiana Nannf. wavy blue grass<br />
(Nannf.) N. Hylander<br />
Poa nemoralis L.<br />
wood blue grass<br />
Poa palustris L. Poa triflora Gilib. fowl blue grass<br />
Poa pratensis L. ssp. agassizensis Poa agassizensis Boiv<strong>in</strong> & D. Löve Kentucky blue grass<br />
(Boiv<strong>in</strong> & D. Löve) Taylor &<br />
MacBryde<br />
Poa pratensis L. ssp. alpigena (Fries Poa alpigena (Fries ex Blytt) L<strong>in</strong>dm. f.; Poa Kentucky blue grass<br />
ex Blytt) Hiitonen<br />
pratensis var. alpigena Fries ex Blytt<br />
Poa pratensis L. ssp. angustifolia Poa angustifolia L.; Poa pratensis var. Kentucky blue grass<br />
(L.) Arcang.<br />
angustifolia (L.) Gaud<strong>in</strong><br />
Poa pratensis L. ssp. pratensis Poa pratensis var. domestica Laestad. Kentucky blue grass<br />
Poa saltuensis Fern. & Wieg. ssp. Poa debilis Torr.<br />
weak spear grass<br />
languida (A.S. Hitchc.) A. Ha<strong>in</strong>es<br />
Poa saltuensis Fern. & Wieg. ssp. Poa saltuensis var. microlepis Fern.<br />
weak spear grass<br />
saltuensis<br />
Poa secunda J. Presl ssp. juncifolia Poa juncifolia Scribn.; Poa nevadensis Vasey curly blue grass<br />
(Scribn.) Soreng<br />
ex Scribn.; Poa nevadensis Vasey ex Scribn. var.<br />
juncifolia (Scribn.) Beetle<br />
Poa trivialis L. ssp. trivialis<br />
rough-shea<strong>the</strong>d blue grass<br />
Polypogon monspeliensis (L.) Desf. Alopecurus monspeliensis L. annual rabbit's-foot grass
Polypogon viridis (Gouan) Breistr. Agrostis semiverticillata (Forsk.) C. Christens.;<br />
Agrostis verticillata Vill.; Agrostis viridis<br />
Gouan; Polypogon semiverticillatus (Forsk.)<br />
beardless rabbit's-foot grass<br />
Hyl<br />
Pseudosasa japonica (Sieb. & Zucc. Arund<strong>in</strong>aria japonica Sieb. & Zucc. ex Steud. Japanese arrow bamboo<br />
ex Steud.) Mak<strong>in</strong>o ex Nakai<br />
Pucc<strong>in</strong>ellia distans (Jacq.) Parl. Poa distans Jacq.; Pucc<strong>in</strong>ellia distans var. spread<strong>in</strong>g alkali grass<br />
tenuis (Uechtr.) Fern.<br />
Pucc<strong>in</strong>ellia fasciculata (Torr.) Bickn.<br />
saltmarsh alkali grass<br />
Pucc<strong>in</strong>ellia maritima (Huds.) Parl.<br />
Pucc<strong>in</strong>ellia nuttalliana (J.A.<br />
Schultes) A.S. Hitchc.<br />
Pucc<strong>in</strong>ellia pumila (Vasey) A.S.<br />
Hitchc.<br />
Poa maritima Huds.; Pucc<strong>in</strong>ellia americana seaside alkali grass<br />
Sörenson<br />
Pucc<strong>in</strong>ellia airoides (Nutt.) S. Wats. & Coult. Nuttall's alkali grass<br />
Glyceria paupercula (Holmb.); Pucc<strong>in</strong>ellia<br />
paupercula Holmb.; Pucc<strong>in</strong>ellia paupercula<br />
(Holmb.) Fern. & Wea<strong>the</strong>rby var. longiglumis<br />
Fern & Wea<strong>the</strong>rby<br />
Sacciolepis striata (L.) Nash Holcus striatus L.; Panicum aquaticum Bosc<br />
ex Spreng.<br />
Schedonorus arund<strong>in</strong>aceus (Schreb.) Festuca arund<strong>in</strong>acea Schreb.; Festuca elatior<br />
Dumort.<br />
L. var. arund<strong>in</strong>acea (Schreb.) C.F.H. Wimmer;<br />
Lolium arund<strong>in</strong>aceum (Schreb.) Darbyshire<br />
Schedonorus giganteus (L.) Holub Bromus giganteus L.; Festuca gigantea (L.)<br />
Vill.; Lolium giganteum (L.) Darbyshire<br />
Schedonorus pratensis (Huds.) Festuca elatior L., <strong>in</strong> part; Festuca pratensis<br />
Beauv.<br />
Huds.; Lolium pratense (Huds.) Darbyshire<br />
Schizachne purpurascens<br />
Melica purpurascens (Torr.) A.S. Hitchc.;<br />
(Torr.) Swallen<br />
Trisetum purpurascens Torr.<br />
Schizachyrium littorale (Nash) Andropogon littoralis Nash; Andropogon<br />
Bickn.<br />
scoparius Michx. var. littoralis (Nash) A.S.<br />
Hitchc.; Schizachyrium scoparium var.<br />
Schizachyrium scoparium (Michx.)<br />
Nash var. scoparium<br />
littorale (Nash) Gould<br />
Andropogon scoparius Michx.; Andropogon<br />
scoparius Michx. var. ducis Fern. & Grisc.;<br />
Andropogon scoparius Michx. var. frequens<br />
F.T. Hubbard; Andropogon scoparius Michx.<br />
var. neomexicanus (Nash) A.S. Hitchc.;<br />
Andropogon scoparius Michx. var.<br />
tundra alkali grass<br />
American cup-scale<br />
tall rye grass<br />
giant rye grass<br />
meadow rye grass<br />
false melic grass<br />
dune bluestem<br />
little bluestem<br />
Secale cereale L.<br />
t t i li Fern & Grisc<br />
Triticum cereale (L.) Salisb. cultivated rye<br />
Setaria faberi Herrm.<br />
Ch<strong>in</strong>ese foxtail<br />
Setaria italica (L.) Beauv. Panicum italicum L. millet foxtail<br />
Setaria parviflora (Poir.) Kerguélen Panicum geniculatum Lam.; Setaria geniculata knotroot foxtail<br />
(Lam.) Beauv.<br />
Setaria pumila (Poir.) Roemer & J.A. Panicum pumilum Poir.; Setaria glauca , yellow foxtail<br />
Schultes ssp. pumila<br />
misapplied<br />
Setaria verticillata (L.) Beauv. Panicum verticillatum L. hooked foxtail
Setaria viridis (L.) Beauv. var. viridis<br />
Panicum viride L.; Setaria viridis var.<br />
breviseta (Döll) A.S. Hitchc.; Setaria viridis<br />
var. we<strong>in</strong>mannii (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Brand<br />
green foxtail<br />
Sorghastrum nutans (L.) Nash Andropogon nutans L. Indian grass<br />
Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench ssp.<br />
bicolor<br />
Holcus bicolor L.; Holcus sorghum L.;<br />
Sorghum vulgare Pers.; Sorghum vulgare Pers.<br />
sorghum<br />
Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench ssp.<br />
drummondii (Nees ex Steud.) de Wet<br />
& Harlan<br />
var. technicum (Koern.) Jáv.<br />
Andropogon drummondii Nees ex Steud.;<br />
Sorghum bicolor var. drummondii (Nees ex<br />
Steud.) Mohlenbrock; Sorghum bicolor var.<br />
sudanense (Piper) A.S. Hitchc.; Sorghum<br />
drummondii (Nees ex Steud.) Millsp. & Chase;<br />
Sorghum sudanense (Piper) Stapf; Sorghum<br />
vulgare Pers. var. drummondii (Nees ex Steud.)<br />
sorghum<br />
Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers.<br />
H k Chi<br />
Holcus halepensis L. Johnson grass<br />
Spart<strong>in</strong>a alterniflora Loisel. Spart<strong>in</strong>a alterniflora var. glabra (Muhl. ex smooth cordgrass<br />
Bigelow) Fern.<br />
Spart<strong>in</strong>a ×caespitosa A. A. Eat. Spart<strong>in</strong>a patens × S. pect<strong>in</strong>ata<br />
Spart<strong>in</strong>a cynosuroides (L.) Roth Spart<strong>in</strong>a cynosuroides var. polystachya big cordgrass<br />
(Michx.) Beal ex Fern.; Spart<strong>in</strong>a polystachya<br />
Michx.<br />
Spart<strong>in</strong>a patens (Ait.) Muhl. Spart<strong>in</strong>a patens var. monogyna (M.A. Curtis) saltmeadow cordgrass<br />
Fern.<br />
Spart<strong>in</strong>a pect<strong>in</strong>ata L<strong>in</strong>k Spart<strong>in</strong>a pect<strong>in</strong>ata var. suttiei (Farw.) Fern. prairie cordgrass<br />
Sphenopholis <strong>in</strong>termedia (Rydb.) Eatonia <strong>in</strong>termedia Rydb.; Sphenopholis slender wedgescale<br />
Rydb.<br />
obtusata var. major (Torr.) K.S. Erdman<br />
Sphenopholis nitida (Biehler) Scribn. Eatonia dudleyi Vasey; Eatonia nitida Nash sh<strong>in</strong>y wedgescale<br />
Sphenopholis obtusata (Michx.)<br />
Scribn.<br />
Sphenopholis pensylvanica (L.) A.S.<br />
Hitchc.<br />
Sporobolus clandest<strong>in</strong>us (Biehler)<br />
A.S. Hitchc.<br />
Eatonia obtusata Gray; Sphenopholis<br />
obtusata var. lobata (Tr<strong>in</strong>.) Scribn.<br />
Eatonia pensylvanica Gray; Trisetum<br />
pensylvanicum (L.) Beauv. ex Roemer & J.A.<br />
Schultes<br />
Sporobolus asper (Beauv.) Kunth var.<br />
clandest<strong>in</strong>us (Biehler) Sh<strong>in</strong>ners; Sporobolus<br />
compositus (Poir.) Mer. var. clandest<strong>in</strong>us<br />
prairie wedgescale<br />
swamp wedgescale<br />
hidden dropseed<br />
(Biehler) Wipff &SD Jones<br />
Sporobolus compositus (Poir.) Mer. Sporobolus asper (Beauv.) Kunth rough dropseed<br />
var. compositus<br />
Sporobolus compositus (Poir.) Mer. Sporobolus asper (Beauv.) Kunth var. pilosus rough dropseed<br />
var. drummondii (Tr<strong>in</strong>.) Kartesz & (Vasey) A.S. Hitchc.; Sporobolus drummondii<br />
Gandhi<br />
(Tr<strong>in</strong>.) Vasey<br />
Sporobolus contractus A.S. Hitchc. Sporobolus cryptandrus var. strictus Scribn. narrow-spiked dropseed<br />
Sporobolus cryptandrus (Torr.) Gray Agrostis cryptandra Torr. sand dropseed<br />
Sporobolus heterolepis (Gray) Gray Vilfa heterolepis Gray prairie dropseed
Sporobolus neglectus Nash Sporobolus vag<strong>in</strong>iflorus var. neglectus (Nash) small dropseed<br />
Scribn.<br />
Sporobolus vag<strong>in</strong>iflorus (Torr. ex Sporobolus vag<strong>in</strong>iflorus var. <strong>in</strong>aequalis Fern. poverty dropseed<br />
Gray) Wood var. vag<strong>in</strong>iflorus<br />
Taenia<strong>the</strong>rum caput-medusae (L.) Elymus caput-medusae L. Medusa-head<br />
Nevski ssp. caput-medusae<br />
Th<strong>in</strong>opyrum pycnanthum (Pers.) Agropyron pycnanthum (Godr.) Godr. & Gren.; tick quack grass<br />
Barkworth<br />
Elymus pungens (Pers.) Melderis ssp.<br />
pycnanthus (Godr.) O. Bolòs & Vigo; Elymus<br />
pycnanthus (Godr.) Melderis; Elytrigia<br />
pycnantha (Godr.) A. Löve; Triticum<br />
Torreyochloa pallida (Torr.) Church<br />
var. fernaldii (A.S. Hitchc.) Dore ex<br />
Koyama & Kawano<br />
Torreyochloa pallida (Torr.) Church<br />
var. pallida<br />
pycnanthum Godr<br />
Glyceria fernaldii (A.S. Hitchc.) St. John;<br />
Pucc<strong>in</strong>ellia fernaldii (A.S. Hitchc.) E.G. Voss;<br />
Torreyochloa fernaldii (A.S. Hitchc.) Church<br />
Glyceria pallida (Torr.) Tr<strong>in</strong>.; Panicularia<br />
pallida (Torr.) Kuntze; Pucc<strong>in</strong>ellia pallida<br />
pale false manna grass<br />
pale false manna grass<br />
(Torr.) Kuntze<br />
Tragus berteronianus J.A. Schultes Nazia aliena , of authors not (Spreng.) Scribn. spike burgrass<br />
Tragus racemosus (L.) All.<br />
Cenchrus racemosus L.; Nazia racemosa (L.) stalked burgrass<br />
Kuntze<br />
Tridens flavus (L.) A.S. Hitchc. var. Triodia flava (L.) Smyth<br />
purpletop tridens<br />
flavus<br />
Triplasis purpurea (Walt.) Chapman Triplasis <strong>in</strong>termedia Nash purple sandgrass<br />
var. purpurea<br />
Tripsacum dactyloides (L.) L. Coix dactyloides L. eastern gamagrass<br />
Triraphis mollis R. Br.<br />
purpleheads<br />
Trisetum flavescens (L.) Beauv. Avena flavescens L. yellow false oat<br />
Trisetum spicatum (L.) Richter Aira spicata L.; Trisetum spicatum var. molle narrow false oat<br />
(Kunth) Beal; Trisetum spicatum var.<br />
psilosiglume Fern.; Trisetum triflorum<br />
(Bigelow) A & D Löve<br />
Triticum aestivum L. Triticum vulgare Vill. bread wheat<br />
Triticum turgidum L.<br />
rivet wheat<br />
Urochloa texana (Buckley) R.D. Brachiaria texana (Buckl.) S.T. Blake; Texas liverseed grass<br />
Webster<br />
Panicum texanum Buckley<br />
Vahlodea atropurpurea (Wahlenb.) Aira atropurpurea Wahlenb.; Deschampsia arctic hair grass<br />
Fries ex Hartman<br />
atropurpurea (Wahlenb.) Scheele<br />
Ventenata dubia (Leers) Durieu Avena dubia Leers; Ventenata avenacea Koel. North African grass<br />
Vulpia bromoides (L.) S.F. Gray Bromus dertonensis All.; Festuca bromoides brome six-weeks grass<br />
L.; Festuca dertonensis (All.) Aschers. &<br />
Graebn.; Vulpia dertonensis (All.) Gola<br />
Vulpia myuros (L.) K.C. Gmel. Festuca megalura Nutt.; Festuca myuros L.; rat-tail six-weeks grass<br />
Vulpia megalura (Nutt.) Rydb.<br />
Vulpia octoflora (Walt.) Rydb. var. Festuca octoflora Walt. eight-flowered six-weeks grass<br />
octoflora
Vulpia octoflora (Walt.) Rydb. var. Festuca octoflora Walt. var. glauca (Nutt.)<br />
tenella (Willd.) Fern.<br />
Fern.; Festuca octoflora Walt. var. tenella<br />
(Willd.) Fern.; Festuca tenella Willd.; Festuca<br />
tenella Willd. var. glauca Nutt.; Vulpia<br />
octoflora var glauca (Nutt ) Fern<br />
Zea mays L. ssp. mays<br />
Zizania aquatica L. var. aquatica Ceratochaete aquatica (L.) Lunell; Zizania<br />
aquatica var. subbrevis Boiv<strong>in</strong><br />
Zizania palustris L. var. palustris Mel<strong>in</strong>um palustre (L.) L<strong>in</strong>k; Zizania aquatica<br />
var. angustifolia A.S. Hitchc.<br />
Pontederiaceae<br />
Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms- Eichhornia speciosa Kunth; Piaropus<br />
Laubach<br />
crassipes (Mart.) Raf.<br />
Heteran<strong>the</strong>ra dubia (Jacq.) MacM. Commel<strong>in</strong>a dubia Jacq.; Heteran<strong>the</strong>ra<br />
gram<strong>in</strong>ea (Michx.) Vahl; Zosterella dubia<br />
(Jacq.) Small<br />
Heteran<strong>the</strong>ra reniformis Ruiz &<br />
Pavón<br />
Pontederia cordata L.<br />
Narukila cordata (L.) Nieuwl.; Pontederia<br />
cordata L. var. angustifolia (Pursh) Torr. &<br />
Ell.; Pontederia cordata L. var. lanceolata<br />
(Nutt.) Griseb.; Pontederia lanceolata Nutt.;<br />
Potamogetonaceae<br />
Unisema cordata (L ) Farw<br />
Potamogeton ×absconditus Z. Potamogeton perfoliatus × P. richardsonii<br />
Kaplan, Fehrer, & Hellquist<br />
Potamogeton ×aemulans Z. Kaplan, Potamogeton bicupulatus × P. epihydrus<br />
Hellquist, & Fehrer<br />
Potamogeton alp<strong>in</strong>us Balbis Potamogeton alp<strong>in</strong>us var. tenuifolius (Raf.)<br />
Ogden<br />
Potamogeton amplifolius Tuckerman<br />
eight-flowered six-weeks grass<br />
corn<br />
sou<strong>the</strong>rn wild rice<br />
nor<strong>the</strong>rn wild rice<br />
water-hyac<strong>in</strong>th family<br />
common water-hyac<strong>in</strong>th<br />
grass-leaved mud-planta<strong>in</strong><br />
kidney-leaved mud-planta<strong>in</strong><br />
pickerelweed<br />
pondweed family<br />
reddish pondweed<br />
big-leaved pondweed<br />
Potamogeton amplifolius × P.<br />
gram<strong>in</strong>eus<br />
Potamogeton amplifolius × P.<br />
praelongus<br />
Potamogeton amplifolius × P.<br />
pulcher<br />
Potamogeton berchtoldii Fieber Potamogeton pusillus var. mucronatus (Fieber)<br />
Graebn.; Potamogeton pusillus ssp.<br />
tenuissimus (Mert. & Koch) Haynes &<br />
Hellquist; Potamogeton pusillus var.<br />
tenuissimus Mert & Koch<br />
Potamogeton bicupulatus Fern. Potamogeton capillaceus Poir., <strong>in</strong> part;<br />
Potamogeton diversifolius var. trichophyllus<br />
Morong<br />
Potamogeton confervoides Reichenb.<br />
Potamogeton crispus L.<br />
Berchtold's pondweed<br />
snail-seed pondweed<br />
alga-like pondweed<br />
curly pondweed
Potamogeton epihydrus Raf. Potamogeton epihydrus var. nuttallii (Cham. & ribbon-leaved pondweed<br />
Schlecht.) Fern.; Potamogeton epihydrus var.<br />
ramosus (Peck) House<br />
Potamogeton epihydrus × P.<br />
perfoliatus<br />
Potamogeton ×faxonii Morong Potamogeton ill<strong>in</strong>oensis × P. nodosus<br />
Potamogeton foliosus Raf. ssp. Potamogeton foliosus var. genu<strong>in</strong>us Fern.; leafy pondweed<br />
foliosus<br />
Potamogeton foliosus var. macellus Fern.<br />
Potamogeton friesii Rupr.<br />
flat-stalked pondweed<br />
Potamogeton gemmiparus (J.W. Potamogeton berchtoldii ssp. gemmiparus budd<strong>in</strong>g pondweed<br />
Robb<strong>in</strong>s) J.W. Robb<strong>in</strong>s ex Morong (J.W. Robb<strong>in</strong>s) D. Les & N.P. Tippery;<br />
Potamogeton pusillus ssp. gemmiparus (J.W.<br />
Robb<strong>in</strong>s) Haynes & Hellquist; Potamogeton<br />
pusillus var gemmiparus J W Robb<strong>in</strong>s<br />
Potamogeton gram<strong>in</strong>eus L. Potamogeton argutulus Hagstr.; Potamogeton<br />
gram<strong>in</strong>eus var. maximus Morong;<br />
Potamogeton gram<strong>in</strong>eus var. myriophyllus<br />
J.W. Robb<strong>in</strong>s; Potamogeton gram<strong>in</strong>eus var.<br />
Potamogeton gram<strong>in</strong>eus × P. nodosus<br />
typicus Ogden<br />
grassy pondweed<br />
Potamogeton ×hagstroemii Benn. Potamogeton gram<strong>in</strong>eus × P. richardsonii<br />
Potamogeton ×haynesii Hellquist & Potamogeton strictifolius × P. zosteriformis<br />
Crow<br />
Potamogeton hillii Morong Potamogeton porteri Fern. Hill's pondweed<br />
Potamogeton ill<strong>in</strong>oensis Morong Potamogeton angustifolius Bercht. & K. Presl; Ill<strong>in</strong>ois pondweed<br />
Potamogeton heterophyllus Schreb.;<br />
Potamogeton scoliophyllus Hagstr.<br />
Potamogeton ill<strong>in</strong>oensis × P.<br />
richardsonii<br />
Potamogeton ×luxurians Z. Kaplan Potamogeton amplifolius × P. ill<strong>in</strong>oensis<br />
Potamogeton ×mirabilis Z. Kaplan, Potamogeton gram<strong>in</strong>eus × P. oakesianus<br />
Hellquist, & Fehrer<br />
Potamogeton ×mysticus Morong Potamogeton perfoliatus × P. pusillus ssp.<br />
tenuissimus<br />
Potamogeton natans L.<br />
float<strong>in</strong>g pondweed<br />
Potamogeton ×nitens G. Weber Potamogeton gram<strong>in</strong>eus × P. perfoliatus<br />
Potamogeton nodosus Poir. Potamogeton americanus Cham. & Schlecht.; long-leaved pondweed<br />
Potamogeton fluitans Roth<br />
Potamogeton oakesianus J.W.<br />
Oakes' pondweed<br />
Robb<strong>in</strong>s<br />
Potamogeton obtusifolius Mert. &<br />
blunt-leaved pondweed<br />
Koch<br />
Potamogeton ×ogdenii Hellquist & Potamogeton hillii × P. zosteriformis<br />
Hilton<br />
Potamogeton perfoliatus L. Potamogeton amplexicaulis Kar.;<br />
clasp<strong>in</strong>g-leaved pondweed<br />
Potamogeton bupleuroides Fern.;<br />
Potamogeton perfoliatus var. bupleuroides<br />
(Fern ) Farw
Potamogeton praelongus Wulfen Potamogeton praelongus var. angustifolius white-stemmed pondweed<br />
Graebn.<br />
Potamogeton praelongus ×<br />
richardsonii<br />
Potamogeton pulcher Tuckerman<br />
spotted pondweed<br />
Potamogeton pusillus L. Potamogeton lateralis Morong, <strong>in</strong> part; small pondweed<br />
Potamogeton pusillus var. m<strong>in</strong>or (Biv.) Fern. &<br />
Schub.<br />
Potamogeton richardsonii (Benn.) Potamogeton perfoliatus var. richardsonii Richardson's pondweed<br />
Rydb.<br />
Benn.<br />
Potamogeton robb<strong>in</strong>sii Oakes<br />
Robb<strong>in</strong>s' pondweed<br />
Potamogeton amplifolius × P. ill<strong>in</strong>oensis<br />
Potamogeton ×sparganiifolius Potamogeton gram<strong>in</strong>eus × P. natans<br />
Laestad. ex Fries<br />
Potamogeton ×spathuliformis (J.W. Potamogeton gram<strong>in</strong>eus × P. ill<strong>in</strong>oensis<br />
Robb<strong>in</strong>s) Morong<br />
Potamogeton spirillus Tuckerman<br />
nor<strong>the</strong>rn snail-seed pondweed<br />
Potamogeton strictifolius Benn. Potamogeton longiligulatus Fern.;<br />
straight-leaved pondweed<br />
Potamogeton strictifolius var. rutiloides Fern.<br />
Potamogeton vaseyi J.W. Robb<strong>in</strong>s Potamogeton lateralis Morong, <strong>in</strong> part Vasey's pondweed<br />
Potamogeton ×versicolor Z. Kaplan, Potamogeton epihydrus × P. perfoliatus<br />
Hellquist, & Fehrer<br />
Potamogeton zosteriformis Fern. Potamogeton zosterifolius Schumacher ssp. flat-stem pondweed<br />
zosteriformis (Fern.) Hultén<br />
Stuckenia filiformis (Pers.) Boerner Coleogeton filiformis (Pers.) D. Les & R. thread-leaved false pondweed<br />
Haynes ssp. alp<strong>in</strong>us (Blytt) D. Les & R.<br />
Haynes; Coleogeton filiformis (Pers.) D. Les &<br />
R. Haynes ssp. occidentalis (J.W. Robb<strong>in</strong>s) D.H.<br />
Les & Haynes; Potamogeton filiformis Pers.<br />
var. alp<strong>in</strong>us (Blytt) Aschers. & Graebn.;<br />
Potamogeton filiformis Pers. var. macounii<br />
Morong; Potamogeton filiformis Pers. var.<br />
occidentalis (J.W. Robb<strong>in</strong>s) Morong; Stuckenia<br />
filiformis ssp. alp<strong>in</strong>a (Blytt) Haynes, D.H. Les,<br />
& M. Kral; Stuckenia filiformis ssp.<br />
occidentalis (J.W. Robb<strong>in</strong>s) Haynes, D.H. Les,<br />
Stuckenia pect<strong>in</strong>ata (L.) Boerner Coleogeton pect<strong>in</strong>atus (L.) D.H. Les & Haynes;<br />
Potamogeton borealis Raf.; Potamogeton<br />
filiformis Pers. var. borealis (Raf.) St. John;<br />
Potamogeton pect<strong>in</strong>atus L<br />
Zannichellia palustris L. Zannichellia palustris var. major (Hartman)<br />
Koch<br />
Ruppiaceae<br />
Ruppia maritima L. Ruppia maritima var. longipes Hagstr.;<br />
Ruppia maritima var. obliqua (Schur) Aschers.<br />
& Graebn.; Ruppia maritima var. rostrata<br />
Agardh; Ruppia maritima var. subcapitata<br />
Fern & Wieg<br />
Sago false pondweed<br />
horned-pondweed<br />
ditch-grass family<br />
beaked ditch-grass
Ruscaceae<br />
Convallaria majalis L.<br />
Maian<strong>the</strong>mum canadense Desf. Maian<strong>the</strong>mum canadense var. pubescens Gates<br />
& Ehlers; Unifolium canadense (Desf.) Greene<br />
butcher's broom family<br />
European lily-of-<strong>the</strong>-valley<br />
Canada-mayflower<br />
Maian<strong>the</strong>mum racemosum (L.) L<strong>in</strong>k Convallaria racemosa L.; Smilac<strong>in</strong>a racemosa fea<strong>the</strong>ry false Solomon's-seal<br />
ssp. racemosum<br />
(L.) Desf.; Smilac<strong>in</strong>a racemosa var. lanceolata<br />
Boiv<strong>in</strong>; Vagnera racemosa (L.) Morong ;<br />
Unifolium racemosum (L ) Britt<br />
Maian<strong>the</strong>mum stellatum (L.) L<strong>in</strong>k Convallaria stellata L.; Smilac<strong>in</strong>a stellata (L.) star-like false Solomon's-seal<br />
Desf.; Vagnera stellata (L.) Morong<br />
Maian<strong>the</strong>mum trifolium (L.) Sloboda Convallaria trifolia L.; Smilac<strong>in</strong>a trifolia (L.) three-leaved false Solomon'sseal<br />
Desf.; Vagnera trifolia (L.) Morong<br />
Polygonatum biflorum (Walt.) Ell. Convallaria biflora Walt., <strong>in</strong> part;<br />
K<strong>in</strong>g Solomon's-seal<br />
Polygonatum biflorum var. commutatum (J.A.<br />
& J.H. Schultes) Morong; Polygonatum<br />
commutatum (J A & J H Schultes) A Dietr<br />
Polygonatum latifolium (P. Mill.) Convallaria latifolia P. Mill.; Polygonatum broad-leaved Solomon's-seal<br />
Desf.<br />
hirtum (Bosc ex Poir.) Pursh<br />
Polygonatum pubescens (Willd.) Convallaria pubescens Willd. hairy Solomon's-seal<br />
Pursh<br />
Scheuchzeriaceae<br />
pod-grass family<br />
Scheuchzeria palustris L. Scheuchzeria americana (Fern.) G.N. Jones; pod-grass<br />
Scheuchzeria palustris ssp. americana (Fern.)<br />
Hultén; Scheuchzeria palustris var. americana<br />
Fern<br />
Smilacaceae<br />
greenbrier family<br />
Smilax glauca Walt. Smilax glauca var. leurophylla Blake glaucous-leaved greenbrier<br />
Smilax herbacea L. Coprosmanthus herbaceus (L.) Kunth; carrion-flower<br />
Nemexia herbacea (L.) Small<br />
Smilax hispida Raf.<br />
Smilax hispida Muhl. ex Torr.; Smilax<br />
bristly greenbrier<br />
tamnoides var. hispida (Muhl. ex Torr.) Fern.<br />
Smilax rotundifolia L. Smilax rotundifolia var. crenulata Small & common greenbrier<br />
Heller; Smilax rotundifolia var.<br />
quadrangularis (Muhl. ex Willd.) Wood<br />
Tofieldiaceae<br />
false asphodel family<br />
Triantha glut<strong>in</strong>osa (Michx.) Baker Nar<strong>the</strong>cium glut<strong>in</strong>osum Michx.; Tofieldia sticky false asphodel<br />
glut<strong>in</strong>osa (Michx.) Pers.; Tofieldia racemosa<br />
(Walt.) Small var. glut<strong>in</strong>osa (Michx.) Ahles<br />
Typhaceae<br />
cat-tail family<br />
Sparganium americanum Nutt.<br />
American bur-reed<br />
Sparganium androcladum (Engelm.) Sparganium lucidum Fern. & Eames branched bur-reed<br />
Morong<br />
Sparganium angustifolium Michx. Sparganium emersum Rehmann var.<br />
narrow-leaved bur-reed<br />
angustifolium (Michx.) Taylor & MacBryde;<br />
Sparganium multipedunculatum (Morong)<br />
Rydb
Sparganium angustifolium × S.<br />
emersum var. emersum<br />
Sparganium emersum Rehmann var.<br />
acaule (Beeby ex Macoun) A. Ha<strong>in</strong>es<br />
Sparganium emersum Rehmann ssp.<br />
emersum<br />
Sparganium eurycarpum Engelm. ex<br />
Gray<br />
Sparganium fluctuans (Morong) B.L.<br />
Rob<strong>in</strong>s.<br />
Sparganium acaule (Beeby ex Macoun) Rydb.;<br />
Sparganium chlorocarpum Rydb. var. acaule<br />
(Beeby ex Macoun) Fern.; Sparganium<br />
emersum Rehmann ssp. acaule (Beeby ex<br />
Macoun) C.D.K. Cook & M.S. Nicholls;<br />
Sparganium simplex Huds. var. acaule Beeby<br />
simple-stemmed bur-reed<br />
Macoun<br />
Sparganium chlorocarpum Rydb. simple-stemmed bur-reed<br />
Sparganium eurycarpum var. greenei (Morong)<br />
Graebn.<br />
great bur-reed<br />
float<strong>in</strong>g bur-reed<br />
Sparganium natans L. Sparganium m<strong>in</strong>imum (Hartman) Fries arctic bur-reed<br />
Typha angustifolia L. Typha angustifolia var. elongata (Dudley) narrow-leaved cat-tail<br />
Wieg.<br />
Typha ×glauca Godr. Typha angustifolia × T. latifolia<br />
Typha latifolia L.<br />
broad-leaved cat-tail<br />
Xyridaceae<br />
yellow-eyed-grass<br />
Xyris difformis Chapman var.<br />
difformis<br />
Xyris montana Ries<br />
Xyris smalliana Nash Xyris carol<strong>in</strong>iana Walt. var. olneyi Wood;<br />
Xyris congdonii Small; Xyris smalliana var.<br />
bog yellow-eyed-grass<br />
nor<strong>the</strong>rn yellow-eyed-grass<br />
Small's yellow-eyed-grass<br />
olneyi (Wood) Gleason<br />
Xyris torta Sm. Xyris bulbosa Kunth slender yellow-eyed-grass<br />
Zosteraceae<br />
eel-grass family<br />
Zostera mar<strong>in</strong>a L.<br />
Tricolpates<br />
Acanthaceae<br />
Zostera mar<strong>in</strong>a var. stenophylla Aschers. &<br />
Graebn.<br />
eel-grass<br />
acanthus family<br />
Justicia americana (L.) Vahl Dian<strong>the</strong>ra americana L. American water-willow<br />
Act<strong>in</strong>idiaceae<br />
tarav<strong>in</strong>e family<br />
Act<strong>in</strong>idia arguta (Sieb. & Zucc.)<br />
Planch. ex Miq.<br />
Adoxaceae<br />
Sambucus nigra L. ssp. canadensis<br />
tarav<strong>in</strong>e<br />
elderberry family<br />
Sambucus canadensis L. black elderberry<br />
(L.) R. Bolli<br />
Sambucus nigra L. ssp. nigra Sambucus lac<strong>in</strong>iata P. Mill. ex A. Murr. black elderberry<br />
Sambucus racemosa L. Sambucus pubens Michx.; Sambucus racemosa red elderberry<br />
ssp. pubens (Michx.) House; Sambucus<br />
racemosa var. pubens (Michx.) Koehne<br />
Viburnum acerifolium L. Viburnum acerifolium var. glabrescens Rehd.;<br />
Viburnum acerifolium var. ovatum (Rehd.)<br />
McAtee<br />
maple-leaved viburnum
Viburnum dentatum L. var.<br />
Viburnum recognitum Fern. smooth arrowwood<br />
lucidum Ait.<br />
Viburnum dentatum L. var. venosum Viburnum scabrellum Torr. & Gray ex Chapman smooth arrowwood<br />
(Britt.) Gleason<br />
var. venosum (Britt.) McAtee; Viburnum<br />
venosum Britt.<br />
Viburnum dilatatum Thunb.<br />
l<strong>in</strong>den arrowwood<br />
Viburnum edule (Michx.) Raf.<br />
squashberry<br />
Viburnum lantana L. Viburnum lantana var. sphaerocarpum Gray wayfar<strong>in</strong>g tree<br />
ex Fern.<br />
Viburnum lantanoides Michx. Viburnum alnifolium Marsh.; Viburnum hobblebush<br />
grandifolium Ait.<br />
Viburnum lentago L.<br />
nannyberry<br />
Viburnum nudum L. var. cass<strong>in</strong>oides Viburnum cass<strong>in</strong>oides L. wi<strong>the</strong>-rod<br />
(L.) Torr. & Gray<br />
Viburnum nudum L. var. nudum Viburnum cass<strong>in</strong>oides L. var. angustifolium wi<strong>the</strong>-rod<br />
(Torr. & Gray) Sh<strong>in</strong>ners; Viburnum nudum var.<br />
angustifolium Torr. & Gray<br />
Viburnum opulus L. ssp. opulus Viburnum opulus var. roseum L. highbush-cranberry<br />
Viburnum opulus L. ssp. trilobum Viburnum opulus var. americanum Ait.; highbush-cranberry<br />
(Marsh.) Clausen<br />
Viburnum trilobum Marsh.<br />
Viburnum plicatum Thunb. Viburnum plicatum Thunb. var. tomentosum Japanese snowball<br />
(Thunb.) Miq.; Viburnum tomentosum Thunb.<br />
Viburnum prunifolium L. Viburnum bushii Ashe smooth blackhaw<br />
Viburnum raf<strong>in</strong>esquianum J.A.<br />
downy arrowwood<br />
Schultes var. raf<strong>in</strong>esquianum<br />
Viburnum sieboldii Miq.<br />
Siebold's arrowwood<br />
Aizoaceae<br />
stone plant family<br />
Sesuvium maritimum (Walt.) B.S.P. Pharnaceum maritimum Walt.; Sesuvium<br />
Tetragonia tetragonioides (Pallas)<br />
Kuntze<br />
Alt<strong>in</strong>giaceae<br />
Liquidambar styraciflua L.<br />
Amaranthaceae<br />
Alternan<strong>the</strong>ra pungens Kunth<br />
pentandrum Ell.<br />
Demidovia tetragonioides (Pallas) Kuntze;<br />
Tetragonia expansa Murr.<br />
Achyran<strong>the</strong>s repens L.; Alternan<strong>the</strong>ra repens<br />
(L.) L<strong>in</strong>k<br />
Amaranthus albus L. Amaranthus albus var. pubescens (Ul<strong>in</strong>e &<br />
Bray) Fern.; Amaranthus pubescens (Ul<strong>in</strong>e<br />
annual sea-purslane<br />
New Zealand-sp<strong>in</strong>ach<br />
sweet gum family<br />
sweet-gum<br />
amaranth family<br />
khaki joyweed<br />
tumbleweed amaranth<br />
& Bray) Rydb.<br />
Amaranthus blitoides S. Wats. Amaranthus graecizans , of authors not L. prostrate amaranth<br />
Amaranthus blitum L. ssp.<br />
Amaranthus ascendens Loisel. var.<br />
livid amaranth<br />
emarg<strong>in</strong>atus (Moq. ex Ul<strong>in</strong>e & Bray) polygonoides (Moq.) Thellung; Amaranthus<br />
Carretero var. emarg<strong>in</strong>atus<br />
blitum ssp. polygonoides (Zoll<strong>in</strong>ger ex Moq.)<br />
Carretero; Amaranthus lividus L. var.<br />
polygonoides (Moq.) Thellung ex Druce;<br />
Euxolus viridis L var polygonoides Moq<br />
Amaranthus cannab<strong>in</strong>us (L.) Sauer Acnida cannab<strong>in</strong>a L. saltmarsh water-hemp<br />
Amaranthus caudatus L. Amaranthus edulis Spegazz<strong>in</strong>i purple amaranth
Amaranthus cruentus L. Amaranthus hybridus var. cruentus (L.) Moq.;<br />
Amaranthus paniculatus L.; Amaranthus<br />
blood amaranth<br />
sangu<strong>in</strong>eus L.<br />
Amaranthus deflexus L. Euxolus deflexus (L.) Raf. large-fruited amaranth<br />
Amaranthus dubius Mart. ex Thellung<br />
spleen amaranth<br />
Amaranthus hybridus L. ssp. Amaranthus chlorostachys , of authors not green amaranth<br />
hybridus<br />
Willd.; Amaranthus hybridus ssp. patulus<br />
(Bertol.) Carretero; Amaranthus patulus Bertol.<br />
Amaranthus hypochondriacus L. Amaranthus chlorostachys Willd. var.<br />
erythrostachys (Moq.) Aellen; Amaranthus<br />
flavus L.; Amaranthus hybridus<br />
ssp. hypochondriacus (L.) Thellung;<br />
Amaranthus macrocarpus Benth. var.<br />
macrocarpus<br />
Amaranthus palmeri S. Wats.<br />
Amaranthus powellii S. Wats. ssp.<br />
powellii<br />
pr<strong>in</strong>ce's-fea<strong>the</strong>r amaranth<br />
Amaranthus leucocarpus S Wats<br />
Euxolus macrocarpus (Benth.) F. Muell. dwarf amaranth<br />
Amaranthus chlorostachys Willd. var. pseudoretroflexus<br />
Thellung; Amaranthus retroflexus<br />
var. powellii (S. Wats.) Boiv<strong>in</strong><br />
Amaranthus pumilus Raf.<br />
Amaranthus retroflexus L. Amaranthus retroflexus var. salicifolius I.M.<br />
Johnston<br />
Amaranthus sp<strong>in</strong>osus L.<br />
Amaranthus tuberculatus (Moq.) Acnida altissima (Riddell) Moq. ex Standl.;<br />
Sauer<br />
Acnida tamarisc<strong>in</strong>a (Nutt.) Wood var.<br />
prostrata Ul<strong>in</strong>e & Bray; Acnida tuberculata<br />
Moq.; Amaranthus altissimus Riddell;<br />
Amaranthus ambigens Standl.; Amaranthus<br />
rudis Sauer; Amaranthus tuberculatus var.<br />
prostratus (Ul<strong>in</strong>e & Bray) Seymour;<br />
Amaranthus tuberculatus var. rudis (Sauer)<br />
Costea & Tardif; Amaranthus tuberculatus var.<br />
Palmer's amaranth<br />
Powell's amaranth<br />
seaside amaranth<br />
red-rooted amaranth<br />
sp<strong>in</strong>y amaranth<br />
rough-fruited water-hemp<br />
Amaranthus viridis L. Amaranthus gracilis Desf.; Euxolus viridis L. slender amaranth<br />
Atriplex acadiensis Tascher. Atriplex glabriuscula var. acadiensis (Tascher.) maritime orache<br />
Welsh<br />
Atriplex cristata Humb. & Bonpl. ex Atriplex arenaria Nutt.; Atriplex cristata var. seabeach orache<br />
Willd.<br />
arenaria (Nutt.) Kuntze; Atriplex pentandra<br />
(Jacq.) Standl.; Atriplex pentandra (Jacq.)<br />
Standl. ssp. arenaria (Nutt.) Hall & Clements;<br />
Obione arenaria (Nutt ) Moq<br />
Atriplex glabriuscula Edmondston Atriplex patula var. oblanceolata (Victor<strong>in</strong> & bracted orache<br />
Rouss.) Boiv<strong>in</strong><br />
Atriplex hortensis L. Atriplex hortensis var. atrosangu<strong>in</strong>ea hort.; garden orache<br />
Atriplex nitens Schkuhr<br />
Atriplex littoralis L. Atriplex patula var. littoralis (L.) Gray l<strong>in</strong>ear-leaved orache<br />
Atriplex patula L.<br />
spearscale orache
Atriplex prostrata Bouchér ex DC. Atriplex patula var. hastata , of authors not (L.) hastate-leaved orache<br />
Gray; Atriplex patula var. triangularis (Willd.)<br />
Rauschert; Atriplex triangularis Willd.<br />
Atriplex rosea L.<br />
red orache<br />
Atriplex sibirica L. Obione muricata Gaertn.; Obione sibirica (L.) Siberian orache<br />
Fisch.<br />
Atriplex subspicata (Nutt.) Rydb. Atriplex patula var. subspicata (Nutt.) S. sal<strong>in</strong>e orache<br />
Wats.; Chenopodium subspicatum Nutt.<br />
Atriplex tatarica L. Tatarian orache<br />
Axyris amaranthoides L.<br />
Russian-pigweed<br />
Bassia hyssopifolia (Pallas) Kuntze Kochia hyssopifolia (Pallas) Roth; Salsola five-horned smo<strong>the</strong>rweed<br />
hyssopifolia Pallas; Suaeda hyssopifolia<br />
(Pallas) Pallas<br />
Bassia scoparia (L.) A.J. Schott Chenopodium scoparium L.; Kochia scoparia firebush smo<strong>the</strong>rweed<br />
(L.) Schrad.; Kochia scoparia var. pubescens<br />
Fenzl; Kochia scoparia var. subvillosa Moq.<br />
Beta vulgaris L. Beta hortensis Mill. beet<br />
Blitum bonus-henricus (L.) Rchb. Chenopodium bonus-henricus L. perennial goosefoot<br />
Blitum capitatum L. ssp. capitatum Chenopodium capitatum (L.) Aschers. strawberry-blite<br />
Blitum nuttallianum J.A. Schultes Monolepis nuttalliana (J.A. Schultes) Greene Nuttall's poverty-weed<br />
Chenopodium foliosum (Moench) Aschers.; leafy goosefoot<br />
Blitum virgatum L. ssp. virgatum<br />
Chenopodium virgatum (L.) Ambrosi<br />
Celosia cristata L. Celosia argentea L. var. cristata (L.) Kuntze crested cock's-comb<br />
Chenopodiastrum murale (L.) S. Chenopodium murale L. nettle-leaved false goosefoot<br />
Fuentes, Uotila, & Borsch<br />
Chenopodiastrum simplex (Torr.) S. Chenopodium gigantospermum Aellen; giant-seeded false goosefoot<br />
Fuentes, Uotila, & Borsch<br />
Chenopodium hybridum L. var.<br />
gigantospermum (Aellen) Rouleau;<br />
Chenopodium hybridum L. var. simplex Torr.;<br />
Chenopodium simplex (Torr ) Raf<br />
Chenopodium album L. Chenopodium album var. lanceolatum (Muhl.<br />
ex Willd.) Coss. & Germ.; Chenopodium<br />
lanceolatum Muhl. ex Willd.; Chenopodium<br />
missouriense Aellen; Chenopodium<br />
opulifolium Schrad. ex Kock. & Ziz;<br />
Chenopodium berlandieri Moq. var.<br />
bushianum (Aellen) Cronq.<br />
Chenopodium berlandieri Moq. var.<br />
macrocalycium (Aellen) Cronq.<br />
Chenopodium berlandieri Moq. var.<br />
zschackei (J. Murr) J. Murr <strong>in</strong> Urban<br />
& Graebn.<br />
Chenopodium foggii H.A. Wahl<br />
Chenopodium leptophyllum (Moq.)<br />
Nutt. ex S. Wats.<br />
white goosefoot<br />
Chenopodium viride L<br />
Chenopodium bushianum Aellen pit-seeded goosefoot<br />
Chenopodium macrocalycium Aellen pit-seeded goosefoot<br />
Chenopodium berlandieri<br />
Murr) Zobel<br />
ssp. zschackei (J.<br />
pit-seeded goosefoot<br />
Fogg's goosefoot<br />
Chenopodium album var. leptophyllum Moq. narrow-leaved goosefoot
Chenopodium pratericola Rydb. Chenopodium desiccatum A. Nels.<br />
var. leptophylloides (J. Murr) H.A. Wahl;<br />
Chenopodium pratericola var. leptophylloides<br />
(J Murr) Aellen<br />
Chenopodium standleyanum Aellen Chenopodium boscianum , of authors not Moq.;<br />
Chenopodium gigantospermum Aellen var.<br />
standleyanum (Aellen) Aellen; Chenopodium<br />
hybridum L. var. standleyanum (Aellen) Fern.<br />
desert goosefoot<br />
Standley's goosefoot<br />
Chenopodium strictum Roth ssp.<br />
glaucophyllum (Aellen) Aellen<br />
& Just.<br />
Chenopodium urbicum L.<br />
Cycloloma atriplicifolium (Spreng.)<br />
Coult.<br />
Dysphania ambrosioides (L.)<br />
Mosyak<strong>in</strong> & Clemants<br />
Dysphania an<strong>the</strong>lm<strong>in</strong>tica (L.)<br />
Mosyak<strong>in</strong> & Clemants<br />
Chenopodium strictum var. glaucophyllum<br />
(Aellen) H.A. Wahl<br />
Cyclolepis platyphylla (Michx.) Moq.;<br />
Cycloloma platyphylla (Michx.) Moq.; Kochia<br />
atriplicifolia Spreng.; Salsola platyphylla<br />
Michx<br />
Ambr<strong>in</strong>a ambrosioides (L.) Spach;<br />
Chenopodium ambrosioides L.; Teloxys<br />
ambrosioides (L.) W.A. Weber<br />
Chenopodium ambrosioides L.<br />
var. an<strong>the</strong>lm<strong>in</strong>ticum (L.) Gray; Chenopodium<br />
an<strong>the</strong>lm<strong>in</strong>ticum L.<br />
Dysphania botrys (L.) Mosyak<strong>in</strong> & Botrydium botrys (L.) Small; Chenopodium<br />
Clemants<br />
botrys L.; Teloxys botrys (L.) W.A. Weber<br />
Dysphania cristata (F. Muell.) Blitum cristatum F. Muell.; Chenopodium<br />
Mosyak<strong>in</strong> & Clemants<br />
cristatum (F. Muell.) F. Muell.<br />
Dysphania graveolens (Willd.) Chenopodium graveolens Willd.; Teloxys<br />
Mosyak<strong>in</strong> & Clemants<br />
graveolens (Willd.) W.A. Weber<br />
Dysphania multifida (L.) Mosyak<strong>in</strong> & Chenopodium multifidum L.; Roubieva<br />
Clemants<br />
multifida (L.) Moq.; Teloxys multifida (L.)<br />
oval-seeded goosefoot<br />
w<strong>in</strong>ged-pigweed<br />
Mexican-tea<br />
wormseed<br />
Jerusalem-oak<br />
crested glandular-goosefoot<br />
fetid glandular-goosefoot<br />
cut-leaved glandular-goosefoot<br />
W.A. Weber<br />
Dysphania pumilio (R. Br.) Mosyak<strong>in</strong> Chenopodium car<strong>in</strong>atum , of authors not R. Br.; clammy glandular-goosefoot<br />
& Clemants<br />
Chenopodium pumilio R. Br.; Teloxys pumilio<br />
(R. Br.) W.A. Weber<br />
Froelichia gracilis (Hook.) Moq. Oplo<strong>the</strong>ca gracilis Moq. slender cotton-weed<br />
Gomphrena globosa L.<br />
common globe-amaranth<br />
Lipandra polysperma (L.) S. Fuentes, Chenopodium polyspermum var. acutifolium many-seeded goosefoot<br />
Uotila, & Borsch var. acutifolia (Sm.) Gaud.<br />
(Sm.) Mosyak<strong>in</strong><br />
Lipandra polysperma (L.) S. Fuentes,<br />
Uotila, & Borsch var. polysperma<br />
Chenopodium polyspermum<br />
Gaud.<br />
var. obtusifolium<br />
many-seeded goosefoot<br />
Oxybasis glauca (L.) S. Fuentes,<br />
Uotila & Borsch ssp. glauca<br />
Oxybasis rubra (L.) S. Fuentes, Uotila<br />
& Borsch var. humilis (Hook.)<br />
Mosyak<strong>in</strong><br />
Chenopodium glaucum L.; Chenopodium<br />
glaucum L. ssp. euglaucum Aellen<br />
Chenopodium rubrum L. var. humile (Hook.) S.<br />
Wats.; Chenopodium humile Hook.<br />
oak-leaved goosefoot<br />
red goosefoot
Oxybasis rubra (L.) S. Fuentes, Uotila Chenopodium rubrum L. red goosefoot<br />
& Borsch var. rubra<br />
Oxybasis urbica (L.) S. Fuentes, Chenopodium urbicum L. city goosefoot<br />
Uotila & Borsch<br />
Polycnemum majus L.<br />
giant needle-leaf<br />
Salicornia ambigua Michx. Salicornia virg<strong>in</strong>ica , misapplied perennial glasswort<br />
Salicornia bigelovii Torr. Salicornia mucronata Bigelow dwarf glasswort<br />
Salicornia depressa Standl. common glasswort<br />
Salicornia maritima Wolff & Salicornia prostrata , of authors not Pallas sea glasswort<br />
Jefferies<br />
Salsola coll<strong>in</strong>a Pallas<br />
slender saltwort<br />
Salsola kali L. ssp. kali<br />
saltwort<br />
Salsola kali L. ssp. pontica (Pallas)<br />
Mosyak<strong>in</strong><br />
Salsola kali var. carol<strong>in</strong>iana (Walt.) Nutt.;<br />
Salsola kali var. pontica Pallas; Salsola<br />
saltwort<br />
Salsola tragus L.<br />
pontica (Pallas) A. Degen<br />
Salsola kali var. angustifolia Fenzl; Salsola<br />
kali var. tenuifolia Tausch ex Moq.; Salsola<br />
kali ssp. tragus (L.) Aellen<br />
Sp<strong>in</strong>acea oleracea L.<br />
Spirobassia hirsuta (L.) Freitag & G. Bassia hirsuta (L.) Aschers.; Chenopodium<br />
Kadereit<br />
hirsutum L.; Kochia hirsuta (L.) Nolte<br />
Suaeda calceoliformis (Hook.) Moq. Dondia americana (Pers.) Britt. <strong>in</strong> Britt. &<br />
Brown; Dondia calceoliformis (Hook.) Rydb.;<br />
Dondia depressa , of authors not (Pursh) Britt.;<br />
Suaeda americana (Pers.) Fern.; Suaeda<br />
prickly saltwort<br />
sp<strong>in</strong>ach<br />
hairy spiral-smo<strong>the</strong>rweed<br />
American sea-blite<br />
maritima var americana (Pers ) Boiv<strong>in</strong><br />
Suaeda l<strong>in</strong>earis (Ell.) Moq. Dondia l<strong>in</strong>earis (Ell.) Heller annual sea-blite<br />
Suaeda maritima (L.) Dumort. ssp. Chenopodium maritimum L.; Dondia<br />
herbaceous sea-blite<br />
maritima<br />
maritima (L.) Druce<br />
Suaeda maritima (L.) Dumort. ssp. Suaeda richii Fern.<br />
herbaceous sea-blite<br />
richii (Fern.) Bassett & C.W.<br />
Crompton<br />
Anacardiaceae<br />
cashew family<br />
Cot<strong>in</strong>us coggygria Scop. Rhus cot<strong>in</strong>us L. European smoketree<br />
Rhus aromatica Ait. var. aromatica Rhus canadensis Marsh.; Schmaltzia crenata fragrant sumac<br />
(P. Mill.) Greene; Schmaltzia aromatica Desv.;<br />
Toxicodendron crenatum P. Mill.<br />
Rhus copall<strong>in</strong>um L. var. latifolia<br />
w<strong>in</strong>ged sumac<br />
Engl.<br />
Rhus glabra L. Rhus borealis Greene smooth sumac<br />
Rhus hirta (L.) Sudworth Datisca hirta L.; Rhus typh<strong>in</strong>a L. staghorn sumac<br />
Rhus ×pulv<strong>in</strong>ata Greene<br />
Rhus glabra × R. hirta ; Rhus typh<strong>in</strong>a L. var.<br />
borealis Britt.<br />
Toxicodendron radicans (L.) Kuntze Toxicodendron aborig<strong>in</strong>um Greene;<br />
poison-ivy<br />
ssp. negundo (Greene) Gillis Toxicodendron negundo Greene;<br />
Toxicodendron radicans var. negundo (Greene)<br />
Reveal
Toxicodendron radicans<br />
ssp. radicans<br />
(L.) Kuntze<br />
Toxicodendron rydbergii (Small ex<br />
Rydb.) Greene<br />
Rhus radicans L.; Rhus toxicodendron L. var.<br />
radicans (L.) Torr.; Toxicodendron vulgare P.<br />
Mill.<br />
Rhus radicans L. var. rydbergii (Small ex<br />
Rydb.) Rehd.; Toxicodendron radicans<br />
poison-ivy<br />
western poison-ivy<br />
var. rydbergii (Small ex Rydb.) Ersk<strong>in</strong>e<br />
Toxicodendron vernix (L.) Kuntze Rhus vernix L. poison-sumac<br />
Apiaceae<br />
celery family<br />
Aegopodium podagraria L. Aegopodium podagraria var. variegata Bailey bishop's goutweed<br />
Aethusa cynapium L.<br />
fool's-parsley<br />
Anethum graveolens L.<br />
dill<br />
Angelica atropurpurea L. purple-stemmed Angelica<br />
Angelica lucida L. Coelopleurum actaeifolium (Michx.) Coult. & sea coast Angelica<br />
Rose; Coelopleurum gmel<strong>in</strong>ii (DC.) Ledeb.;<br />
Coelopleurum lucidum (L.) Fern.;<br />
Coelopleurum lucidum (L.) Fern. ssp. gmel<strong>in</strong>ii<br />
(DC ) A & D Löve<br />
Angelica venenosa (Greenway) Fern. Angelica villosa (Walt.) B.S.P. hairy Angelica<br />
Anthriscus caucalis Bieb. Anthriscus scandic<strong>in</strong>a Mansfield; Anthriscus burr chervil<br />
vulgaris Pers.; Cerefolium anthriscus (L.) G.<br />
Beck; Chaerophyllum anthriscus (L.) Crantz<br />
Anthriscus cerefolium (L.) Hoffmann Cerefolium cerefolium (L.) Britt.; Scandix garden chervil<br />
cerefolium L.<br />
Anthriscus sylvestris (L.) Hoffmann Chaerophyllum sylvestre L. wild chervil<br />
Apium graveolens L.<br />
celery<br />
Aralia elata (Miq.) Seem. Dimorphanthus elatus Miq. Japanese angelica-tree<br />
Aralia hispida Vent.<br />
bristly sarsaparilla<br />
Aralia nudicaulis L.<br />
wild sarsaparilla<br />
Aralia racemosa L. ssp. racemosa<br />
American spikenard<br />
Aralia sp<strong>in</strong>osa L.<br />
Hercules'-club<br />
Astrantia major L.<br />
greater masterwort<br />
Bifora radians Bieb.<br />
wild bishop<br />
Bupleurum lancifolium Hornem. Bupleurum protractum Hoffm. & L<strong>in</strong>k lance-leaved thorough-wax<br />
Bupleurum rotundifolium L.<br />
narrow-leaved thorough-wax<br />
Bupleurum odontites L. Bupleurum fontanesii Guss. ex Caruel round-leaved thorough-wax<br />
Carum carvi L.<br />
caraway<br />
Cicuta bulbifera L.<br />
bulblet-bear<strong>in</strong>g water-hemlock<br />
Cicuta maculata L. var. maculata Cicuta curtissii Coult. & Rose; Cicuta spotted water-hemlock<br />
maculata var. curtissii (Coult. & Rose) Fern.<br />
Coniosel<strong>in</strong>um ch<strong>in</strong>ense (L.) B.S.P.<br />
Ch<strong>in</strong>ese hemlock-parsley<br />
Conium maculatum L.<br />
poison-hemlock<br />
Coriandrum sativum L.<br />
coriander<br />
Cryptotaenia canadensis (L.) DC. Der<strong>in</strong>ga canadensis (L.) Kuntze Canada honewort<br />
Cum<strong>in</strong>um cym<strong>in</strong>umL.<br />
cum<strong>in</strong><br />
Daucus carota L.<br />
wild carrot<br />
Eleu<strong>the</strong>rococcus pentaphyllus (Sieb. Acanthopanax sieboldianus Mak<strong>in</strong>o; Aralia five-leaved-aralia<br />
& Zucc.) Nakai<br />
pentaphylla Sieb. & Zucc.<br />
Eryngium amethyst<strong>in</strong>um L.<br />
amethyst eryngo<br />
Eryngium planum L.<br />
pla<strong>in</strong>s eryngo
Eryngium yuccifolium Michx. var.<br />
button eryngo<br />
yuccifolium<br />
Falcaria vulgaris Bernh. Falcaria soides (Wibel) Aschers. sickleweed<br />
Foeniculum vulgare P. Mill. Foeniculum foeniculum (L.) Karst. sweet fennel<br />
Hedera helix L.<br />
English-ivy<br />
Heracleum mantegazzianum Sommier<br />
giant cow-parsnip<br />
& Levier<br />
Heracleum maximum Bartr. Heracleum lanatum Michx.; Heracleum American cow-parsnip<br />
sphondylium ssp. montanum (Schleich. ex<br />
Gaud<strong>in</strong>) Briq.; Heracleum sphondylium var.<br />
Heracleum sphondylium L.<br />
Hydrocotyle americana L.<br />
Hydrocotyle umbellata L.<br />
lanatum (Michx ) Dorn<br />
European cow-parsnip<br />
American marsh-pennywort<br />
many-flowered marshpennywort<br />
Hydrocotyle verticillata Thunb. Hydrocotyle verticillata var. triradiata (A. whorled marsh-pennywort<br />
Rich.) Fern.<br />
Kalopanax septemlobus (Thunb.) Acanthopanax ric<strong>in</strong>ifolius (Sieb. & Zucc.) castor-aralia<br />
Koidz.<br />
Seem.; Kalopanax pictus (Thunb.) Nakai<br />
Levisticum offic<strong>in</strong>ale W.D.J. Koch Hipposel<strong>in</strong>um levisticum (L.) Britt. & Rose garden lovage<br />
Ligusticum scoticum L. ssp. scoticum<br />
Scotch wild lovage<br />
Lilaeopsis ch<strong>in</strong>ensis (L.) Kuntze Lilaeopsis l<strong>in</strong>eata (Michx.) Greene eastern grasswort<br />
Myrrhis odorata (L.) Scop. Scandix odorata L. anise<br />
Osmorhiza berteroi DC. Osmorhiza chilensis Hook. & Arn.; Osmorhiza mounta<strong>in</strong> sweet-cicely<br />
divaricata (Britt.) Suksdorf; Wash<strong>in</strong>gtonia<br />
divaricata Britt.<br />
Osmorhiza claytonii (Michx.) C.B. Wash<strong>in</strong>gtonia claytonii (Michx.) Britt. bland sweet-cicely<br />
Clarke<br />
Osmorhiza depauperata Phil. Osmorhiza obtusa (Coult. & Rose) Fern.; blunt-fruited sweet-cicely<br />
Wash<strong>in</strong>gtonia obtusa Coult. & Rose<br />
Osmorhiza longistylis (Torr.) DC. Osmorhiza longistylis var. villicaulis Fern.; long-styled sweet-cicely<br />
Wash<strong>in</strong>gtonia longistylis (Torr.) Britt.<br />
Panax qu<strong>in</strong>quefolius L.<br />
American g<strong>in</strong>seng<br />
Panax trifolius L.<br />
dwarf g<strong>in</strong>seng<br />
Past<strong>in</strong>aca sativa L. Past<strong>in</strong>aca sativa var. pratensis Pers. wild parsnip<br />
Petrosel<strong>in</strong>um crispum (P. Mill.) Apium petrosel<strong>in</strong>um L. parsley<br />
Nyman ex A.W. Hill<br />
Peucedanum palustre (L.) Moench Calestania palustris (L.) K.-Pol. milk-parsley<br />
Pimp<strong>in</strong>ella anisum L.<br />
anise burnet-saxifrage<br />
Pimp<strong>in</strong>ella saxifraga L. ssp.<br />
solid-stemmed burnet-saxifrage<br />
saxifraga<br />
Ptilimnium capillaceum (Michx.) Raf. Ammi capillaceum Michx. Atlantic mock bishop-weed<br />
Sanicula canadensis L. var.<br />
canadensis<br />
Sanicula canadensis L. var. grandis<br />
Fern.<br />
Sanicula marilandica<br />
var. canadensis (L.) Torr. Canada sanicle<br />
Canada sanicle
Sanicula marilandica L. Sanicula canadensis var. marilandica (L.) A.S. Maryland sanicle<br />
Hitchc.; Sanicula marilandica var. borealis<br />
Fern.<br />
Sanicula odorata (Raf.) K.M. Pryer & Sanicula gregaria Bickn.; Tricl<strong>in</strong>ium<br />
clustered sanicle<br />
L.R. Phillippe<br />
odoratum Raf.<br />
Sanicula trifoliata Bickn. large-fruited sanicle<br />
Scandix pecten -veneris L.<br />
shepherd's-needle<br />
Sel<strong>in</strong>um carvifolia (L.) L. Seseli carvifolia L. little-leaved-angelica<br />
Sium suave Walt.<br />
Sium carsonii Dur. ex Gray; Sium cicutifolium water-parsnip<br />
Schrank<br />
Taenidia <strong>in</strong>tegerrima (L.) Drude Smyrnium <strong>in</strong>tegerrimum L.; Zizia <strong>in</strong>tegerrima yellow-pimpernel<br />
Thaspium trifoliolatum (L.) Gray var.<br />
trifoliolatum<br />
Torilis japonica (Houtt.) DC.<br />
(L.) DC.<br />
Thaspium aureum (L.) Nutt. var. trifoliolatum<br />
(L.) Coult. & Rose<br />
purple meadow-parsnip<br />
erect hedge-parsley<br />
Torilis leptophylla (L.) Reichenb. f. bristle-fruited hedge-parsley<br />
Zizia aptera (Gray) Fern. Zizia cordata W.D.J. Koch ex DC. heart-leaved golden Alexanders<br />
Zizia aurea (L.) W.D.J. Koch<br />
common golden Alexanders<br />
Apocynaceae<br />
mikweed family<br />
Amsonia tabernaemontana Walter Amsonia amsonia (L.) Britt.; Amsonia eastern bluestar<br />
var. tabernaemontana<br />
glaberrima Woods.<br />
Apocynum androsaemifolium L. Apocynum ambigens Greene; Apocynum spread<strong>in</strong>g dogbane<br />
androsaemifolium var. glabrum Macoun;<br />
Apocynum pumilum (Gray) Greene<br />
Apocynum cannab<strong>in</strong>um L. Apocynum cannab<strong>in</strong>um var. hypericifolium hemp dogbane<br />
(Ait.) Gray; Apocynum cannab<strong>in</strong>um<br />
var. nemorale (G.S. Mill.) Fern.; Apocynum<br />
cannab<strong>in</strong>um var. pubescens (Mitchell ex R. Br.)<br />
Woods.; Apocynum hypericifolium Ait.;<br />
Apocynum sibiricum Jacq.; Apocynum<br />
ibi i Jacq var di (Greene) Fern<br />
Apocynum ×floribundum Greene Apocynum androsaemifolium ×<br />
A. cannab<strong>in</strong>um ; Apocynum medium Greene<br />
Asclepias amplexicaulis J.E. Smith clasp<strong>in</strong>g milkweed<br />
Asclepias exaltata L. Asclepias bicknellii Vail; Asclepias<br />
poke milkweed<br />
Asclepias <strong>in</strong>carnata L. var. <strong>in</strong>carnata<br />
phytolaccoides Pursh<br />
swamp milkweed<br />
Asclepias <strong>in</strong>carnata L. var. pulchra<br />
(Ehrh. ex Willd.) Pers.<br />
Asclepias <strong>in</strong>carnata var. neoscotica Fern.;<br />
Asclepias <strong>in</strong>carnata ssp. pulchra (Ehrh. ex<br />
Willd.) Woods.; Asclepias pulchra Ehrh. ex<br />
swamp milkweed<br />
Willd<br />
Asclepias purpurascens L. purple milkweed<br />
Asclepias quadrifolia Jacq. four-leaved milkweed<br />
Asclepias syriaca L. Asclepias <strong>in</strong>termedia Vail; Asclepias syriaca common milkweed<br />
var. kansana (Vail) Palmer & Steyermark<br />
Asclepias tuberosa L. ssp. <strong>in</strong>terior Asclepias tuberosa var. <strong>in</strong>terior (Woods.) butterfly milkweed<br />
Woods.<br />
Sh<strong>in</strong>ners<br />
Asclepias tuberosa L. ssp. tuberosa<br />
butterfly milkweed
Asclepias variegata L. Biventraria variegata (L.) Small red-r<strong>in</strong>ged milkweed<br />
Asclepias verticillata L. whorled milkweed<br />
Asclepias viridiflora Raf. Acerates viridiflora (Raf.) Pursh ex Eat.; green milkweed<br />
Acerates viridiflora (Raf.) Pursh ex Eat. var.<br />
l<strong>in</strong>earis Gray; Asclepias viridiflora var.<br />
lanceolata Torr.; Asclepias viridiflora var.<br />
Cynanchum louiseae Kartesz &<br />
Gandhi<br />
Cynanchum rossicum (Kleopow)<br />
Borhidi<br />
l<strong>in</strong>earis (Gray) Fern<br />
Cynanchum nigrum (L.) Pers.; V<strong>in</strong>cetoxicum<br />
nigrum (L.) Pers.<br />
Cynanchum medium , of authors not R. Br.;<br />
V<strong>in</strong>cetoxicum medium , of authors not (R. Br.)<br />
Dcne.; V<strong>in</strong>cetoxicum rossicum<br />
black swallowwort<br />
pale swallowwort<br />
(Kleopow) Barbarich<br />
Periploca graeca L.<br />
silkv<strong>in</strong>e<br />
V<strong>in</strong>ca herbacea Waldst. & Kit.<br />
herbaceous periw<strong>in</strong>kle<br />
V<strong>in</strong>ca major L. V<strong>in</strong>ca major var. variegata Loud. greater periw<strong>in</strong>kle<br />
V<strong>in</strong>ca m<strong>in</strong>or L.<br />
lesser periw<strong>in</strong>kle<br />
Aquifoliaceae<br />
holly family<br />
Ilex aquifolium L.<br />
Ilex crenata Thunb. Celastrus adenophyllus Miq.; Ilex crenata<br />
Thunb. var. latifolia Goldr<strong>in</strong>g<br />
Ilex glabra (L.) Gray<br />
Ilex laevigata (Pursh) Gray<br />
Ilex montana Torr. & Gray ex Gray Ilex ambigua (Michx.) Torr. var. montana (Torr.<br />
& Gray ex Gray) Ahles; Ilex ambigua (Michx.)<br />
Torr. var. monticola (Wood) Wunderl<strong>in</strong> &<br />
Poppleton; Ilex amelanchier M.A. Curtis ex<br />
Chapman var. monticola Wood; Ilex monticola<br />
Ilex mucronata (L.) M. Powell, Savol.,<br />
& S. Andrews<br />
Ilex opaca Ait. var. opaca<br />
Ilex verticillata (L.) Gray<br />
Asteraceae<br />
Acanthospermum australe (Loefl.)<br />
Kuntze<br />
Achillea filipendul<strong>in</strong>a Lam.<br />
Achillea ligustica All.<br />
Gray<br />
Nemopanthus mucronatus (L.) Loes.;<br />
Vacc<strong>in</strong>ium mucronatum L.<br />
Ilex fastigiata Bickn.; Ilex verticillata var.<br />
cyclophylla B.L. Rob<strong>in</strong>s.; Ilex verticillata var.<br />
fastigiata (Bickn.) Fern.; Ilex verticillata var.<br />
padifolia (Willd.) Torr. & Gray ex S. Wats.; Ilex<br />
English holly<br />
Japanese holly<br />
evergreen w<strong>in</strong>terberry<br />
smooth w<strong>in</strong>terberry<br />
big-leaved holly<br />
mounta<strong>in</strong> holly<br />
American holly<br />
common w<strong>in</strong>terberry<br />
verticillata var tenuifolia (Torr ) S Wats<br />
composite family<br />
Melampodium australe Loefl. Paraguay starburr<br />
fern-leaved yarrow<br />
Ligurian yarrow
Achillea millefolium L. ssp. lanulosa Achillea borealis Bong.; Achillea lanulosa common yarrow<br />
(Nutt.) Piper<br />
Nutt.; Achillea millefolium ssp. borealis<br />
(Bong.) Breitung; Achillea millefolium var.<br />
lanulosa (Nutt.) Piper; Achillea millefolium<br />
var. nigrescens E. Mey.; Achillea millefolium<br />
ssp. occidentalis (DC.) Hyl.; Achillea<br />
millefolium var. occidentalis DC.; Achillea<br />
Achillea ptarmica L.<br />
i (E M ) R db<br />
pearl yarrow<br />
Achillea tomentosa L.<br />
woolly yarrow<br />
Agerat<strong>in</strong>a altissima (L.) K<strong>in</strong>g & H.E. Ageratum altissimum L.; Eupatorium<br />
white snakeroot<br />
Rob<strong>in</strong>s. var. altissima<br />
rugosum Houtt.; Eupatorium rugosum Houtt.<br />
var. chlorolepis Fern.; Eupatorium rugosum<br />
Houtt. var. tomentellum (B.L. Rob<strong>in</strong>s.) Blake;<br />
Eupatorium rugosum Houtt. var. villicaule<br />
(Fern ) Blake<br />
Agerat<strong>in</strong>a aromatica (L.) Spach Eupatorium aromaticum L. lesser snakeroot<br />
Ageratum conyzoides L.<br />
tropical whiteweed<br />
Ageratum houstonianum P. Mill.<br />
Houston's whiteweed<br />
Amberboa moschata (L.) DC. Centaurea moschata L. sweet sultan<br />
Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. Ambrosia artemisiifolia var. elatior (L.) common ragweed<br />
Descourtils; Ambrosia artemisiifolia var.<br />
paniculata (Michx.) Blank.; Ambrosia elatior<br />
L.; Ambrosia monophylla (Walt.) Rydb.;<br />
Ambrosia paniculata Michx<br />
Ambrosia bidentata Michx.<br />
lance-leaved ragweed<br />
Ambrosia ×helenae Rouleau Ambrosia artemisiifolia × A. trifida<br />
Ambrosia psilostachya DC. Ambrosia coronopifolia Torr. & Gray; perennial ragweed<br />
Ambrosia psilostachya var. coronopifolia<br />
(Torr. & Gray) Farw.<br />
Ambrosia trifida L. var. trifida Ambrosia trifida var. <strong>in</strong>tegrifolia (Muhl. ex giant ragweed<br />
Willd.) Torr. & Gray<br />
Anaphalis margaritacea (L.) Benth. Anaphalis margaritacea var. angustior (Miq.) pearly everlast<strong>in</strong>g<br />
& Hook. f.<br />
Nakai; Anaphalis margaritacea var.<br />
<strong>in</strong>tercedens Hara; Anaphalis margaritacea var.<br />
occidentalis Greene; Anaphalis margaritacea<br />
var. subalp<strong>in</strong>a Gray; Gnaphalium<br />
Antennaria howellii Greene ssp.<br />
canadensis (Greene) Bayer<br />
margaritaceum L<br />
Antennaria canadensis Greene; Antennaria<br />
neglecta var. canadensis (Greene) Cronq.;<br />
Antennaria neodioica Greene ssp. canadensis<br />
(Greene) Bayer & Stebb<strong>in</strong>s<br />
small pussytoes
Antennaria howellii Greene ssp.<br />
neodioica (Greene) Bayer<br />
Antennaria howellii Greene ssp.<br />
petaloidea (Fern.) Bayer<br />
Antennaria neglecta var. neodioica (Greene)<br />
Cronq.; Antennaria neodioica Greene;<br />
Antennaria neodioica Greene var. attenuata<br />
Fern.; Antennaria neodioica Greene var.<br />
chlorophylla Fern.; Antennaria neodioica<br />
Greene var. grandis Fern.; Antennaria<br />
neodioica Greene var. rupicola (Fern.) Fern.;<br />
At i i l F<br />
Antennaria neglecta var. petaloidea (Fern.)<br />
Cronq.; Antennaria neglecta var.<br />
subcorymbosa Fern.; Antennaria neodioica<br />
Greene ssp. petaloidea (Fern.) Bayer &<br />
Stebb<strong>in</strong>s; Antennaria neodioica Greene var.<br />
petaloidea Fern.; Antennaria petaloidea (Fern.)<br />
Fern.; Antennaria petaloidea (Fern.) Fern. var.<br />
scariosa Fern.; Antennaria petaloidea (Fern.)<br />
Fern. var. subcorymbosa (Fern.) Fern.<br />
small pussytoes<br />
small pussytoes<br />
Antennaria neglecta Greene Antennaria campestris Rydb.; Antennaria<br />
neglecta var. campestris (Rydb.) Steyermark<br />
Antennaria parl<strong>in</strong>ii Fern. ssp. fallax Antennaria ambigens (Greene) Fern.;<br />
(Greene) Bayer & Stebb<strong>in</strong>s<br />
Antennaria bra<strong>in</strong>erdii Fern.; Antennaria fallax<br />
Greene; Antennaria fallax Greene var.<br />
calophylla (Greene) Fern.; Antennaria parl<strong>in</strong>ii<br />
var. farwellii (Greene) Boiv<strong>in</strong>; Antennaria<br />
plantag<strong>in</strong>ifolia var. ambigens (Greene) Cronq.<br />
field pussytoes<br />
Parl<strong>in</strong>'s pussytoes<br />
Antennaria parl<strong>in</strong>ii Fern. ssp.<br />
parl<strong>in</strong>ii<br />
Antennaria plantag<strong>in</strong>ifolia<br />
Richardson<br />
(L.)<br />
Antennaria arnoglossa Greene; Antennaria<br />
parl<strong>in</strong>ii var. arnoglossa (Greene) Fern.;<br />
Antennaria plantag<strong>in</strong>ifolia var. arnoglossa<br />
(Greene) Cronq.; Antennaria plantag<strong>in</strong>ifolia<br />
var parl<strong>in</strong>ii (Fern ) Cronq<br />
Antennaria petiolata Fern.; Antennaria<br />
plantag<strong>in</strong>ifolia var. petiolata (Fern.) Heller;<br />
Parl<strong>in</strong>'s pussytoes<br />
planta<strong>in</strong>-leaved pussytoes<br />
Gnaphalium plantag<strong>in</strong>ifolium L.<br />
An<strong>the</strong>mis arvensis L. An<strong>the</strong>mis arvensis var. agrestis (Wallr.) DC. corn chamomile<br />
An<strong>the</strong>mis cotula L. Maruta cotula (L.) DC. st<strong>in</strong>k<strong>in</strong>g chamomile<br />
Arctan<strong>the</strong>mum arcticum (L.) Tzvelev Chrysan<strong>the</strong>mum arcticum L. var. polare arctic-daisy<br />
ssp. polare (Hultén) Tzvelev (Hultén) Boiv<strong>in</strong>; Dendran<strong>the</strong>ma arcticum (L.)<br />
Tzvelev ssp. polare (Hultén) Heywood;<br />
Dendran<strong>the</strong>ma hultenii (A. & D. Löve) Tzvelev<br />
Arctium lappa L.<br />
great burdock<br />
Arctium m<strong>in</strong>us Bernh. Lappa m<strong>in</strong>or Hill common burdock<br />
Arctium tomentosum P. Mill.<br />
woolly burdock<br />
Arctotis stoechadifolia Berg. Arctotis grandis Thunb.; Arctotis<br />
African-daisy<br />
Arnica lanceolata Nutt. ssp.<br />
lanceolata<br />
stoechadifolia var. grandis (Thunb.) Less.<br />
Arnica mollis Hook. var. petiolaris Fern.<br />
lance-leaved arnica
Arnoseris m<strong>in</strong>ima (L.) Schweig. & Hyoseris m<strong>in</strong>ima L.<br />
lamb-succory<br />
Koerte<br />
Artemisia abrotanum L. Artemisia procera Willd. sou<strong>the</strong>rn wormwood<br />
Artemisia abs<strong>in</strong>thium L.<br />
oldman wormwood<br />
Artemisia annua L.<br />
annual wormwood<br />
Artemisia biennis Willd.<br />
biennial wormwood<br />
Artemisia campestris L. ssp. Oligosporus campestris (L.) Cass. field wormwood<br />
campestris<br />
Artemisia campestris L. ssp. Artemisia campestris var. canadensis (Michx.) field wormwood<br />
canadensis (Michx.) Scoggan Welsh; Artemisia canadensis Michx.<br />
Artemisia campestris L. ssp. caudata Artemisia campestris var. caudata (Michx.) field wormwood<br />
(Michx.) Hall & Clements<br />
Palmer & Steyermark; Artemisia caudata<br />
Michx.; Artemisia caudata Michx. var. calvens<br />
Lunell; Oligosporus campestris (L.) Cass. ssp.<br />
caudatus (Michx.) W.A. Weber; Oligosporus<br />
Artemisia carruthii Wood ex<br />
Carruth<br />
caudatus Poljakov<br />
Artemisia carruthii var. wrightii (Gray) Blake;<br />
Artemisia kansana Britt.; Artemisia vulgaris<br />
ssp. wrightii (Gray) Hall & Clements<br />
Artemisia dracunculus L. Artemisia dracunculoides Pursh; Artemisia<br />
dracunculus ssp. glauca (Pallas ex Willd.) Hall<br />
& Clements; Artemisia dracunculus var. glauca<br />
(Pallas ex Willd.) Bess.; Artemisia glauca<br />
Pallas ex Willd.; Artemisia glauca Pallas ex<br />
Willd. var. dracuncul<strong>in</strong>a (S. Wats.) Fern.;<br />
Oligosporus dracunculus (L.) Poljakov;<br />
Oligosporus dracunculus (L.) Poljakov ssp.<br />
Artemisia frigida Willd.<br />
Artemisia ludoviciana Nutt. ssp.<br />
ludoviciana<br />
Artemisia pontica L.<br />
Artemisia stelleriana Bess.<br />
Artemisia tridentata Nutt. ssp.<br />
tridentata<br />
l ( ll illd ) A &<br />
Artemisia gnaphalodes Nutt.; Artemisia<br />
ludoviciana var. americana (Bess.) Fern.;<br />
Artemisia ludoviciana var. gnaphalodes<br />
(Nutt.) Torr. & Gray; Artemisia ludoviciana var.<br />
latifolia (Bess.) Torr. & Gray; Artemisia<br />
vulgaris ssp. ludoviciana (Nutt.) Hall &<br />
Clements; Artemisia vulgaris var. ludoviciana<br />
(N tt ) K t<br />
Artemisia angusta Rydb.; Artemisia tridentata<br />
var. angustifolia Gray; Seriphidium<br />
Carruth's wormwood<br />
dragon wormwood<br />
prairie wormwood<br />
white wormwood<br />
Roman wormwood<br />
beach wormwood<br />
big sagebrush<br />
tridentatum (Nutt.) W.A. Weber<br />
Artemisia vulgaris L. var. vulgaris Artemisia vulgaris var. glabra Ledeb.; common wormwood<br />
Artemisia vulgaris var. latiloba Ledeb.<br />
Aster tataricus L. f.<br />
Tatarian aster<br />
Baccharis halimifolia L. Baccharis halimifolia var. angustior DC. eastern false willow
Balsamita major Desf. Balsamita major var. tanacetoides (Boiss.)<br />
Moldenke; Chrysan<strong>the</strong>mum balsamita (L.)<br />
Baill.; Chrysan<strong>the</strong>mum balsamita (L.) Baill.<br />
var. tanacetoides Boiss.; Pyrethrum majus<br />
Bellis perennis L.<br />
Bidens alba (L.) DC.<br />
(Desf ) Tzvelev; Tanacetum balsamita<br />
Bidens alba var. radiata (Schultz-Bip.) Ballard<br />
ex T.E. Melchert; Bidens pilosa var. radiata<br />
Schultz-Bip.<br />
Bidens aristosa (Michx.) Britt. Bidens aristosa var. mutica (Gray) Gatt<strong>in</strong>ger;<br />
Bidens aristosa var. retrorsa (Sherff)<br />
L<br />
costmary<br />
lawn-daisy<br />
white beggar-ticks<br />
midwestern beggar-ticks<br />
Wunderl<strong>in</strong>; Coreopsis aristosa Michx.<br />
Bidens beckii Torr. ex Spreng. Megalodonta beckii (Torr. ex Spreng.) Greene; Beck's beggar-ticks<br />
Megalodonta nudata Greene<br />
Bidens bip<strong>in</strong>nata L. Bidens bip<strong>in</strong>nata var. biternatoides Sherff Spanish needles beggar-ticks<br />
Bidens cernua L.<br />
Bidens cernua var. dentata (Nutt.) Boiv<strong>in</strong>; nodd<strong>in</strong>g beggar-ticks<br />
Bidens cernua var. elliptica Wieg.; Bidens<br />
cernua var. <strong>in</strong>tegra Wieg.; Bidens cernua var.<br />
m<strong>in</strong>ima (Huds.) Pursh; Bidens cernua var.<br />
Bidens connata Muhl. ex Willd.<br />
Bidens discoidea (Torr. & Gray)<br />
Britt.<br />
Bidens eatonii Fern.<br />
oligodonta Fern & St John<br />
Bidens connata var. anomala Farw.; Bidens<br />
connata var. fallax (Warnst.) Sherff; Bidens<br />
connata var. gracilipes Fern.; Bidens connata<br />
var. <strong>in</strong>undata Fern.; Bidens connata var.<br />
petiolata (Nutt.) Farw.; Bidens connata var.<br />
submutica Fassett; Bidens heterodoxa (Fern.)<br />
Fern. & St. John var. heterodoxa ; Bidens<br />
heterodoxa (Fern.) Fern. & St. John var.<br />
hd &S h<br />
Bidens eatonii var. fallax Fern.; Bidens eatonii<br />
var. <strong>in</strong>terstes Fassett; Bidens eatonii var.<br />
kennebecensis Fern.; Bidens eatonii var. major<br />
Fassett; Bidens eatonii var. mutabilis Fassett;<br />
Bidens eatonii var. simulans Fassett; Bidens<br />
heterodoxa (Fern.) Fern. & St. John var.<br />
Bidens frondosa L.<br />
th i ti Fern<br />
Bidens frondosa var. anomala Porter ex Fern.;<br />
Bidens frondosa var. caudata Sherff; Bidens<br />
frondosa var. stenodonta Fern. & St. John<br />
Bidens hyperborea Greene Bidens hyperborea var. cathancensis Fern.;<br />
Bidens hyperborea var. colpophila (Fern. & St.<br />
John) Fern.; Bidens hyperborea var.<br />
laurentiana Fassett; Bidens hyperborea var.<br />
purple-stemmed beggar-ticks<br />
small beggar-ticks<br />
Eaton's beggar-ticks<br />
Devil's beggar-ticks<br />
nor<strong>the</strong>rn beggar-ticks<br />
svensonii Fassett<br />
Bidens laevis (L.) B.S.P. Bidens elegans Greene; Helianthus laevis L. smooth beggar-ticks<br />
Bidens ×multiceps Fassett<br />
Bidens connta × B. eatonii
Bidens pilosa L.<br />
Bidens odorata Cav.; Bidens pilosa var. m<strong>in</strong>or<br />
(Blume) Sherff<br />
Bidens polylepis Blake Bidens <strong>in</strong>volucrata (Nutt.) Britt.; Bidens<br />
polylepis var. retrorsa Sherff; Coreopsis<br />
<strong>in</strong>volucrata Nutt.<br />
Bidens tenuisecta Gray<br />
Bidens trichosperma (Michx.) Britt. Bidens coronata (L.) Britt.; Bidens coronata<br />
var. brachyodonta Fern.; Bidens coronata var.<br />
tenuiloba (Gray) Sherff; Bidens coronata var.<br />
trichosperma (Michx.) Fern.; Bidens<br />
Bidens tripartita L. ssp. comosa<br />
(Gray) A. Ha<strong>in</strong>es<br />
trichosperma (Michx ) Britt<br />
Bidens comosa (Gray) Wieg.; Bidens<br />
heterodoxa (Fern.) Fern. & St. John var.<br />
agnostica Fern.<br />
Bidens vulgata Greene Bidens frondosa var. puberula Wieg.; Bidens<br />
puberula Wieg.; Bidens vulgata var. puberula<br />
Boltonia asteroides (L.) L’Hér.<br />
var. latisquama (Gray) Cronq.<br />
Boltonia asteroides (L.) L’Hér. var.<br />
recognita (Fern. & Grisc.) Cronq.<br />
hairy beggar-ticks<br />
Ozark beggar-ticks<br />
slim-lobed beggar-ticks<br />
crowned beggar-ticks<br />
three-lobed beggar-ticks<br />
tall beggar-ticks<br />
(Wieg.) Greene<br />
Boltonia latisquama (Gray) Cronq. white doll's-daisy<br />
Boltonia latisquama Gray var. microcephala<br />
Fern. & Grisc.; Boltonia latisquama Gray var.<br />
occidentalis Gray; Boltonia latisquama Gray<br />
var. recognita Fern. & Grisc.; Boltonia<br />
recognita (Fern & Grisc )GN Jones<br />
Calendula offic<strong>in</strong>alis L.<br />
Callistephus ch<strong>in</strong>ensis (L.) Nees Aster ch<strong>in</strong>ensis L.; Callistemma ch<strong>in</strong>ense (L.)<br />
Skeels; Callistephus hortensis Cass.;<br />
Calotis cuneifolia R. Br.<br />
Carduus acanthoides L. ssp.<br />
acanthoides<br />
Carduus crispus L.<br />
Carduus nutans L.<br />
Diplopappus ch<strong>in</strong>ensis<br />
(L.) Less.<br />
Carduus nutans ssp. leiophyllus (Petrovic)<br />
Stojanov & Stef.; Carduus nutans var.<br />
white doll's-daisy<br />
pot-marigold<br />
Ch<strong>in</strong>ese-aster<br />
Australian wedgeleaf<br />
sp<strong>in</strong>y plumeless-thistle<br />
curly plumeless-thistle<br />
nodd<strong>in</strong>g plumeless-thistle<br />
leiophyllus (Petrovic) Arènes<br />
Carthamus lanatus L.<br />
woolly safflower-thistle<br />
Carthamus t<strong>in</strong>ctorius L.<br />
common safflower-thistle<br />
Centaurea benedicta (L.) L. Cnicus benedictus L. blessed knapweed<br />
Centaurea calcitrapa L. Centaurea adulter<strong>in</strong>a Morreti purple knapweed<br />
Centaurea cyanus L.<br />
Centaurea segetum Hill; Centaurea pulchra garden knapweed<br />
DC.; Leucacantha cyanus (L.) Nieuwl. & Lunell<br />
Centaurea diffusa Lam.<br />
Acosta diffusa (Lam.) Soják; Acrolophus white knapweed<br />
diffusus (Lam.) A. & D. Löve
Centaurea jacea L. Centaurea debeauxii Gren. & Godr. ssp. brown knapweed<br />
thuillieri Dostál; Centaurea jacea ssp.<br />
decipiens (Thuill.) Čelak.; Centaurea jacea ssp.<br />
pratensis Čelak.; Centaurea pratensis Thuill.;<br />
Centaurea thuillieri (Dostál) J. Duvign. &<br />
Lamb<strong>in</strong>on; Cyanus jacea (L.) P. Gaertn.; Jacea<br />
Centaurea melitensis L.<br />
t i Lam<br />
Calcitrapa melitensis (L.) Soják;<br />
Maltese knapweed<br />
Triplocentron melitense (L.) Cass.<br />
Centaurea ×moncktonii C.E. Britton Centaurea jacea × C. nigra ; Centaurea<br />
pratensis Thuill., misapplied<br />
Centaurea montana L.<br />
mounta<strong>in</strong> knapweed<br />
Centaurea nigra L. Jacea nigra (L.) Hill black knapweed<br />
Centaurea nigrescens Willd. Centaurea dubia Suter; Centaurea dubia Suter<br />
ssp. nigrescens (Willd.) Hayek; Centaurea<br />
dubia Suter ssp. voch<strong>in</strong>ensis (Bernh. ex<br />
Reichenb.) Hayek; Centaurea transalp<strong>in</strong>a<br />
short-fr<strong>in</strong>ged knapweed<br />
Schleich. ex DC.; Centaurea voch<strong>in</strong>ensis Bernh.<br />
ex Reichenb.; Jacea nigrescens (Willd.) Soják<br />
Centaurea phrygia L. Centaurea austriaca Willd. wig knapweed<br />
Centaurea ×psammogena Gáyer Centaurea diffusa × C. stoebe ssp. micranthos<br />
Centaurea scabiosa L. Acrocentron scabiosa (L.) A. & D. Löve; greater knapweed<br />
Colymbada scabiosa (L.) Holub<br />
Centaurea solstitialis L. yellow knapweed<br />
Centaurea stoebe L. ssp. micranthos Centaurea bieberste<strong>in</strong>ii DC.; Centaurea spotted knapweed<br />
(Gugler) Hayek<br />
maculosa Lam., misapplied; Centaurea<br />
maculosa Lam. ssp. micranthos Gugler<br />
Centipeda m<strong>in</strong>ima (L.) A. Braun & Artemisia m<strong>in</strong>ima L. spread<strong>in</strong>g-sneezeweed<br />
Aschers.<br />
Chaenactis glabriuscula DC. var. Chaenactis glabriuscula var. tenuifolia (Nutt.) yellow p<strong>in</strong>cushion<br />
glabriuscula<br />
Hall; Chaenactis tenuifolia Nutt.<br />
Chrysan<strong>the</strong>mum morifolium Ramat. An<strong>the</strong>mis grandiflora Ramat.; Dendran<strong>the</strong>ma florist's daisy<br />
grandiflorum (Ramat.) Kitam.; Dendran<strong>the</strong>ma<br />
morifolium (Ramat.) Tzvelev<br />
Chrysopsis mariana (L.) Ell. Chrysopsis mariana var. macradenia Fern.;<br />
Hetero<strong>the</strong>ca mariana (L.) Sh<strong>in</strong>ners; Inula<br />
Maryland golden-aster<br />
mariana L.<br />
Cichorium endivia L.<br />
cultivated endive<br />
Cichorium <strong>in</strong>tybus L.<br />
chicory<br />
Cirsium altissimum (L.) Spreng. Carduus altissimus L. tall thistle<br />
Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop.<br />
Breea arvensis Less.; Carduus arvensis (L.) creep<strong>in</strong>g thistle<br />
Robson; Cirsium arvense var. horridum<br />
Wimmer & Grab.; Cirsium arvense var.<br />
<strong>in</strong>tegrifolium Wimmer & Grab.; Cirsium<br />
arvense var. mite Wimmer & Grab.; Serratula<br />
arvensis L
Cirsium discolor (Muhl. ex<br />
Carduus discolor (Muhl. ex Willd.) Nutt. field thistle<br />
Willd.) Spreng.<br />
Cirsium flodmanii (Rydb.) <strong>Arthur</strong> Carduus flodmanii Rydb. Flodman's thistle<br />
Cirsium horridulum Michx. var. Carduus sp<strong>in</strong>osissimus Walt.; Cirsium yellow thistle<br />
horridulum<br />
sp<strong>in</strong>osissimum , of authors not (L.) Scop.<br />
Cirsium muticum Michx.<br />
Carduus muticus (Michx.) Pers.; Cirsium<br />
bigelovii DC.; Cirsium muticum var. monticola<br />
Fern.; Cirsium muticum var. subp<strong>in</strong>natifidum<br />
swamp thistle<br />
(Britt ) Fern<br />
Cirsium palustre (L.) Scop. Carduus palustris L. marsh thistle<br />
Cirsium pumilum (Nutt.) Spreng. var. Carduus pumilus Nutt.; Cirsium odoratum pasture thistle<br />
pumilum<br />
(Muhl. ex W. Bart.) Petrak<br />
Cirsium vulgare (Savi) Ten. Carduus lanceolatus L.; Carduus vulgaris common thistle<br />
Savi; Cirsium lanceolatum (L.) Scop.<br />
Coreopsis basalis (A. Dietr.) Blake Calliopsis basalis A. Dietr.; Coreopsis golden mane tickseed<br />
drummondii (D. Don) Torr. & Gray<br />
Coreopsis grandiflora Hogg ex Coreopsis grandiflora var. pilosa Sherff large-flowered tickseed<br />
Sweet<br />
Coreopsis lanceolata L. Coreopsis heterogyna Fern.; Coreopsis lance-leaved tickseed<br />
lanceolata var. villosa Michx.<br />
Coreopsis major Walt.<br />
Coreopsis major var. stellata (Nutt.) B.L. greater tickseed<br />
Rob<strong>in</strong>s.<br />
Coreopsis palmata Nutt.<br />
stiff tickseed<br />
Coreopsis pubescens Ell. Coreopsis pubescens var. robusta Gray ex hairy tickseed<br />
Eames<br />
Coreopsis rosea Nutt.<br />
p<strong>in</strong>k tickseed<br />
Coreopsis t<strong>in</strong>ctoria Nutt. var. Coreopsis cardam<strong>in</strong>ifolia (DC.) Torr. & Gray; golden tickseed<br />
t<strong>in</strong>ctoria<br />
Coreopsis t<strong>in</strong>ctoria var. imm<strong>in</strong>uta Sherff<br />
Coreopsis tripteris L. Coreopsis tripteris var. smithii Sherff; tall tickseed<br />
Coreopsis tripteris var. subrhomboidea Sherff<br />
Coreopsis verticillata L. thread-leaved tickseed<br />
Cosmos bip<strong>in</strong>natus Cav.<br />
garden cosmos<br />
Cosmos parviflorus (Jacq.) Pers.<br />
southwestern cosmos<br />
Cosmos sulphureus Cav.<br />
sulphur cosmos<br />
Cota t<strong>in</strong>ctoria (L.) J. Gay An<strong>the</strong>mis t<strong>in</strong>ctoria L. golden-chamomile<br />
Cotula coronopifolia L. common brassbuttons<br />
Crepis biennis L.<br />
rough hawk's-beard<br />
Crepis capillaris (L.) Wallr. smooth hawk's-beard<br />
Crepis foetida L.<br />
st<strong>in</strong>k<strong>in</strong>g hawk's-beard<br />
Crepis nicaeensis Balbis ex Pers.<br />
Turkish hawk's-beard<br />
Crepis setosa Haller f.<br />
bristly hawk's-beard<br />
Crepis tectorum L.<br />
narrow-leaved hawk's-beard<br />
Crepis vesicaria L. ssp. haenseleri Crepis vesicaria ssp. taraxacifolia (Thuill.) beaked hawk's-beard<br />
(Boiss. ex DC.) P.D. Sell<br />
Thellung; Crepis vesicaria var. taraxacifolia<br />
Crup<strong>in</strong>a vulgaris Cass.<br />
Cyclachaena xanthiifolia (Nutt.)<br />
Fresen.<br />
(Thuill.) Boiv<strong>in</strong><br />
Iva xanthiifolia Nutt.<br />
common crup<strong>in</strong>a<br />
carelessweed
De<strong>in</strong>andra fasciculata (DC.) Greene Hemizonia fasciculata DC.; Hemizonia<br />
fasciculata DC. ssp. ramosissima (Benth.)<br />
Keck & D.A. Johans.; Hemizonia ramosissima<br />
Benth<br />
Dittrichia graveolens (L.) W. Greuter Erigeron graveolens L.; Inula graveolens (L.)<br />
Desf.<br />
Doell<strong>in</strong>geria <strong>in</strong>firma (Michx.) Greene Aster <strong>in</strong>firmus Michx.<br />
clustered moonsh<strong>in</strong>e-daisy<br />
st<strong>in</strong>kwort<br />
Appalachian white-aster<br />
Doell<strong>in</strong>geria umbellata (P. Mill.) Aster umbellatus P. Mill. tall white-aster<br />
Nees var. umbellata<br />
Doronicum pardalianches L.<br />
greater false leopard's bane<br />
Dyssodia papposa (Vent.) A.S. Boebera papposa (Vent.) Rydb. ex Britt.; fetid-marigold<br />
Hitchc.<br />
Tagetes papposa Vent.<br />
Ech<strong>in</strong>acea pallida (Nutt.) Nutt. Brauneria pallida (Nutt.) Britt.; Rudbeckia pale purple coneflower<br />
pallida Nutt.<br />
Ech<strong>in</strong>acea purpurea (L.) Moench Brauneria purpurea (L.) Britt. eastern purple coneflower<br />
Ech<strong>in</strong>ops sphaerocephalus L. greater globe-thistle<br />
Eclipta prostrata (L.) L. Eclipta alba (L.) Hassk.; Verbes<strong>in</strong>a prostrata false daisy<br />
L.<br />
Erechtites hieraciifolius (L.) Raf. ex Erechtites hieraciifolius var. <strong>in</strong>termedius American burnweed<br />
DC. var. hieraciifolius<br />
Fern.; Erechtites hieraciifolius var. praealtus<br />
Erechtites hieraciifolius (L.) Raf. ex<br />
DC. var. megalocarpus (Fern.) Cronq.<br />
Erigeron acris L. var. kamtschaticus<br />
(DC.) Herder<br />
(Raf.) Fern.; Senecio hieraciifolius L.<br />
Erechtites megalocarpus Fern. American burnweed<br />
Erigeron acris var. kamtschaticus (DC.)<br />
Herder; Erigeron angulosus Gaud<strong>in</strong> var.<br />
kamtschaticus (DC.) Hara; Erigeron<br />
kamtschaticus DC.; Trimorpha acris (L.)<br />
Nesom var kamtschatica (DC ) Nesom<br />
Erigeron annuus (L.) Pers. Erigeron annuus var. discoideus (Victor<strong>in</strong> &<br />
Rouss.) Cronq.; Stenactis annua (L.) Nees<br />
Erigeron canadensis L. Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronq.; Conyza<br />
canadensis (L.) Cronq. var. pusilla (Nutt.)<br />
Cronq.; Conyza parva Cronq.; Erigeron<br />
canadensis var. pusillus (Nutt.) Boiv<strong>in</strong>;<br />
Erigeron pusillus Nutt.; Leptilon canadense<br />
bitter fleabane<br />
annual fleabane<br />
Canada fleabane<br />
Erigeron hyssopifolius Michx.<br />
(L ) Britt ; Leptilon pusillum (Nutt ) Britt<br />
hyssop-leaved fleabane<br />
Erigeron philadelphicus L. var. Erigeron philadelphicus var. glaber Henry; Philadelphia fleabane<br />
philadelphicus<br />
Erigeron philadelphicus var. scaturicola<br />
Erigeron philadelphicus L. var.<br />
provancheri (Victor<strong>in</strong> & Rouss.)<br />
Boiv<strong>in</strong><br />
Erigeron pulchellus Michx. var.<br />
pulchellus<br />
(Fern.) Fern.; Erigeron purpureus Ait.<br />
Erigeron philadelphicus ssp. provancheri<br />
(Victor<strong>in</strong> & Rouss.) J.K. Morton; Erigeron<br />
provancheri Victor<strong>in</strong> & Rouss.<br />
Philadelphia fleabane<br />
Rob<strong>in</strong>'s planta<strong>in</strong> fleabane
Erigeron strigosus Muhl. ex Willd. Erigeron strigosus ssp. septentrionalis (Fern. rough fleabane<br />
var. septentrionalis (Fern. & Wieg.) & Wieg.) Wagenitz<br />
Fern.<br />
Erigeron strigosus Muhl. ex Willd. Erigeron annuus ssp. strigosus (Muhl. ex rough fleabane<br />
var. strigosus<br />
Willd.) Wagenitz; Erigeron ramosus (Walt.)<br />
B.S.P.; Erigeron ramosus (Walt.) B.S.P. var.<br />
beyrichii (Fisch. & C.A. Mey.) Gray; Erigeron<br />
strigosus var. beyrichii (Fisch. & C.A. Mey.)<br />
Torr. & Gray; Erigeron strigosus var.<br />
discoideus Robb<strong>in</strong>s ex Gray; Erigeron<br />
strigosus var. eligulatus Cronq.; Stenactis<br />
Euchiton <strong>in</strong>volucratus (G. Forst.)<br />
( hl illd )<br />
Gnaphalium <strong>in</strong>volucratum<br />
C<br />
G. Forst. common creep<strong>in</strong>g-cudweed<br />
Holub<br />
Eupatorium album L. var. album Eupatorium album var. glandulosum (Michx.) white thoroughwort<br />
DC.; Eupatorium glandulosum Michx.;<br />
Eupatorium petaloideum Britt. ex Small<br />
Eupatorium altissimum L. Eupatorium saltuense Fern. tall thoroughwort<br />
Eupatorium hyssopifolium L. Eupatorium hyssopifolium var. calcaratum hyssop-leaved thoroughwort<br />
Fern. & Schub.<br />
Eupatorium novae-angliae (Fern.) V. Eupatorium leucolepis (DC.) Torr. & Gray var. New England thoroughwort<br />
Sullivan ex A. Ha<strong>in</strong>es & Sorrie novae-angliae Fern.<br />
Eupatorium perfoliatum L. Eupatorium perfoliatum var. colpophilum boneset thoroughwort<br />
Fern. & Grisc.<br />
Eupatorium pilosum Walt. Eupatorium rotundifolium var. saundersii ragged thoroughwort<br />
(Porter ex Britt.) Cronq.<br />
Eupatorium pubescens Muhl. ex Eupatorium rotundifolium var. ovatum hairy thoroughwort<br />
Willd.<br />
(Bigelow) Torr.<br />
Eupatorium rotundifolium L. var.<br />
round-leaved thoroughwort<br />
rotundifolium<br />
Eupatorium serot<strong>in</strong>um Michx.<br />
late thoroughwort<br />
Eupatorium sessilifolium L. Eupatorium sessilifolium var. brittonianum upland thoroughwort<br />
Porter<br />
Eupatorium torreyanum Short & Eupatorium hyssopifolium L. var. lac<strong>in</strong>iatum Torrey's thoroughwort<br />
Peter<br />
(Torr. & Gray) Small<br />
Eurybia divaricata (L.) Nesom Aster castaneus Burgess; Aster divaricatus L.; white wood-aster<br />
Aster excavatus Burgess; Aster tenebrosus<br />
Burgess<br />
Eurybia ×herveyi (Gray) Nesom Eurybia macrophylla × E. spectabilis ; Aster<br />
×herveyi Gray<br />
Eurybia macrophylla (L.) Cass. Aster ianth<strong>in</strong>us Burgess; Aster macrophyllus large-leaved wood-aster<br />
L.; Aster macrophyllus L. var. apricensis<br />
Burgess; Aster macrophyllus L. var. excelsior<br />
Burgess; Aster macrophyllus L. var. ianth<strong>in</strong>us<br />
(Burgess) Fern.; Aster macrophyllus L. var.<br />
p<strong>in</strong>guifolius Burgess; Aster macrophyllus L.<br />
Eurybia radula (Ait.) Nesom<br />
var lti Burgess<br />
Aster radula Ait.; Aster radula Ait. var.<br />
strictus (Pursh) Gray; Aster strictus Pursh<br />
rough wood-aster
Eurybia schreberi (Nees) Nees<br />
Aster curvescens Burgess; Aster glomeratus<br />
(Bernh. ex Nees) Burgess; Aster schreberi Nees;<br />
Eurybia glomerata Bernh. ex Nees<br />
Eurybia spectabilis (Ait.) Nesom Aster commixtus (Nees) Kuntze; Aster<br />
spectabilis Ait.; Aster spectabilis Ait. var.<br />
Euthamia carol<strong>in</strong>iana (L.) Greene ex<br />
Porter & Britt.<br />
suffultus Fern.; Eurybia commixta Nees<br />
Euthamia galetorum Greene; Euthamia<br />
microcephala Greene; Euthamia microphylla<br />
Greene; Euthamia remota Greene; Solidago<br />
tenuifolia Pursh; Solidago tenuifolia Pursh<br />
var pycnocephala Fern<br />
Euthamia gram<strong>in</strong>ifolia (L.) Nutt. Chrysocoma gram<strong>in</strong>ifolia L.; Euthamia<br />
gram<strong>in</strong>ifolia var. major (Michx.) Moldenke;<br />
Euthamia gram<strong>in</strong>ifolia var. nuttallii (Greene)<br />
W. Stone; Solidago gram<strong>in</strong>ifolia (L.) Salisb.<br />
var. major (Michx.) Fern.; Solidago<br />
gram<strong>in</strong>folia (L.) Salisb. var. nuttallii (Greene)<br />
Fern.; Solidago gram<strong>in</strong>ifolia (L.) Salisb. var.<br />
Eutrochium dubium (Willd. ex Poir.)<br />
E.E. Lamont<br />
Eutrochium fistulosum (Barratt) E.E.<br />
Lamont<br />
Eutrochium maculatum (L.) E.E.<br />
Lamont var. maculatum<br />
Eutrochium purpureum (L.) E.E.<br />
Lamont var. purpureum<br />
t t i li F S lid l l t L<br />
Eupatoriadelphus dubius (Willd. ex Poir.)<br />
K<strong>in</strong>g & H.E. Rob<strong>in</strong>s.; Eupatorium dubium<br />
Willd. ex Poir.; Eupatorium ternifolium Ell.<br />
Eupatoriadelphus fistulosus (Barratt) K<strong>in</strong>g &<br />
H.E. Rob<strong>in</strong>s.; Eupatorium fistulosum Barratt;<br />
maculatum (L ) Darl<br />
Cunigunda purpurea (L.) Lunell;<br />
Eupatoriadelphus purpureus (L.) K<strong>in</strong>g & H.E.<br />
Rob<strong>in</strong>s.; Eupatorium amoenum Pursh; E.<br />
falcatum Michx.; Eupatorium purpureum L.;<br />
Eupatorium trifoliatum L.; Eupatorium<br />
Schreber's wood-aster<br />
purple wood-aster<br />
coastal pla<strong>in</strong> grass-leavedgoldenrod<br />
common grass-leaved-goldenrod<br />
coastal pla<strong>in</strong> Joe-Pye weed<br />
hollow Joe-Pye weed<br />
Eupatorium laevigatum Torr. <strong>in</strong> Eat.<br />
Eupatoriadelphus maculatus (L.) K<strong>in</strong>g & H.E. spotted Joe-Pye weed<br />
Rob<strong>in</strong>s.; Eupatorium maculatum L.;<br />
Eupatorium maculatum L. var. foliosum (Fern.)<br />
Wieg.; Eupatorium purpureum L. var.<br />
purple Joe-Pye weed<br />
Filago vulgaris Lam.<br />
verticillatum Muhl ex Willd<br />
Filago germanica L. common cotton-rose<br />
Flaveria tr<strong>in</strong>ervia (Spreng.) C. Mohr Oedera tr<strong>in</strong>ervia Spreng. clustered yellowtops<br />
Gaillardia aristata Pursh common blanket-flower<br />
Gaillardia pulchella Foug. var. Gaillardia drummondii (Hook.) DC.;<br />
roser<strong>in</strong>g blanket-flower<br />
pulchella<br />
Gaillardia picta D. Don; Gaillardia pulchella<br />
var. picta (D. Don) Gray<br />
Gal<strong>in</strong>soga parviflora Cav. Gal<strong>in</strong>soga parviflora var. semicalva Gray;<br />
Gal<strong>in</strong>soga semicalva (Gray) St. John & White<br />
Gal<strong>in</strong>soga quadriradiata Ruiz & Gal<strong>in</strong>soga aristulata Bickn.; Gal<strong>in</strong>soga<br />
Pavón<br />
bicolorata St. John & White; Gal<strong>in</strong>soga ciliata<br />
(Raf.) Blake; Gal<strong>in</strong>soga caracasana (DC.)<br />
Schultz-Bip<br />
lesser quickweed<br />
common quickweed
Gamochaeta pensylvanica<br />
(Willd.) Cabrera<br />
Gnaphalium pensylvanicum Willd.;<br />
Gnaphalium purpureum Willd. var.<br />
Pennsylvania cudweed<br />
spathulatum (Lam.) Baker<br />
Gamochaeta purpurea (L.) Cabrera Gnaphalium purpureum L. purple cudweed<br />
Glebionis car<strong>in</strong>ata (Schousb.) Tzvelev Chrysan<strong>the</strong>mum car<strong>in</strong>atum Schousb. tricolor daisy<br />
Glebionis coronaria (L.) Cass. ex Chrysan<strong>the</strong>mum coronarium L. crown daisy<br />
Spach<br />
Glebionis segetum (L.) Fourr. Chrysan<strong>the</strong>mum segetum L. corn daisy<br />
Gnaphalium ulig<strong>in</strong>osum L. Filag<strong>in</strong>ella ulig<strong>in</strong>osa (L.) Opiz brown cudweed<br />
Gr<strong>in</strong>delia hirsutula Hook. & Arn. Gr<strong>in</strong>delia squarrosa var. <strong>in</strong>tegrifolia (Nutt.) hairy gum-weed<br />
Boiv<strong>in</strong>; Gr<strong>in</strong>delia squarrosa var.<br />
quasiperennis Lunell<br />
Gr<strong>in</strong>delia squarrosa (Pursh) Dunal Donia squarrosa Pursh; Gr<strong>in</strong>delia squarrosa<br />
var. serrulata (Rydb.) Steyermark; Gr<strong>in</strong>delia<br />
curly-top gum-weed<br />
serrulata Rydb.<br />
Guizotia abyss<strong>in</strong>ica (L. f.) Cass. Polymnia abyss<strong>in</strong>ica L. f. niger-seed<br />
Helenium amarum (Raf.) H. Rock var. Helenium tenuifolium Nutt. narrow-leaved sneezeweed<br />
amarum<br />
Helenium autumnale L. Helenium autumnale var. canaliculatum (Lam.) fall sneezeweed<br />
Torr. & Gray; Helenium autumnale var.<br />
parviflorum (Nutt.) Fern.; Helenium<br />
canaliculatum Lam.; Helenium parviflorum<br />
Nutt<br />
Helenium flexuosum Raf. Helenium nudiflorum Nutt. purple-headed sneezeweed<br />
Helianthus annuus L. Helianthus annuus var. lenticularis (Dougl. ex common sunflower<br />
L<strong>in</strong>dl.) Steyermark; Helianthus annuus var.<br />
macrocarpus (DC.) Cockerell; Helianthus<br />
annuus var texanus (Heiser) Sh<strong>in</strong>ners<br />
Helianthus debilis Nutt. ssp. Helianthus cucumerifolius Torr. & Gray; cucumber-leaved sunflower<br />
cucumerifolius (Torr. & Gray) Heiser Helianthus debilis var. cucumerifolius (Torr. &<br />
Gray) Gray<br />
Helianthus decapetalus L. Helianthus tracheliifolius P. Mill. th<strong>in</strong>-leaved sunflower<br />
Helianthus divaricatus L. Helianthus divaricatus var. angustifolius woodland sunflower<br />
Kuntze<br />
Helianthus ×divariserratus R.W. Helianthus divaricatus × H. grosseserratus<br />
Long<br />
Helianthus giganteus L. Helianthus alienus E.E. Wats.; Helianthus tall sunflower<br />
borealis E.E. Wats.; Helianthus giganteus ssp.<br />
alienus (E.E. Wats.) R.W. Long; Helianthus<br />
giganteus var. subtuberosus Britt.; Helianthus<br />
subtuberosus (Britt.) Britt.; Helianthus validus<br />
E E Wats<br />
Helianthus grosseserratus Martens Helianthus grosseserratus var. hypoleucus<br />
Gray<br />
Helianthus hirsutus Raf. Helianthus hirsutus var. stenophyllus Torr. &<br />
Gray; Helianthus stenophyllus (Torr. & Gray)<br />
E.E. Wats.<br />
Helianthus ×<strong>in</strong>termedius R.W. Long Helianthus grosseserratus × H. maximiliani<br />
saw-too<strong>the</strong>d sunflower<br />
hairy sunflower
Helianthus ×kellermanii Britt. Helianthus grosseserratus × H. salicifolius A.<br />
Dietr.<br />
Helianthus ×laetiflorus Pers. Helianthus pauciflorus × H. tuberosus ; H.<br />
scaberrimus Ell.; H. severus E.E. Wats.; H.<br />
superbus E.E. Wats.<br />
Helianthus ×luxurians E.E. Wats. Helianthus giganteus × H. grosseserratus<br />
Helianthus maximiliani Schrad. Helianthus dalyi Britt. Maximilian's sunflower<br />
Helianthus microcephalus Torr. &<br />
small-headed sunflower<br />
Gray<br />
Helianthus mollis Lam. Helianthus mollis var. cordatus S. Wats. ashy sunflower<br />
Helianthus occidentalis Riddell ssp.<br />
naked-stemmed sunflower<br />
occidentalis<br />
Helianthus pauciflorus Nutt. ssp. Helianthus laetiflorus var. rigidus (Cass.) stiff sunflower<br />
pauciflorus<br />
Fern.; Helianthus rigidus (Cass.) Desf.<br />
Helianthus pauciflorus Nutt. ssp. Helianthus laetiflorus var. subrhomboideus stiff sunflower<br />
subrhomboideus (Rydb.) O. Spr<strong>in</strong>g & (Rydb.) Fern.; Helianthus pauciflorus var.<br />
E. Schill<strong>in</strong>g<br />
subrhomboideus (Rydb.) Cronq.; Helianthus<br />
rigidus (Cass.) Desf. ssp. subrhomboideus<br />
(Rydb.) Heiser; Helianthus rigidus (Cass.) Desf.<br />
var. subrhomboideus (Rydb.) Cronq.;<br />
Helianthus petiolaris Nutt. ssp.<br />
Hli th bh bid Rydb<br />
prairie sunflower<br />
petiolaris<br />
Helianthus strumosus L.<br />
pale-leaved sunflower<br />
Helianthus tuberosus L. Helianthus tomentosus Michx. tuberous sunflower<br />
Heliomeris multiflora Nutt. var. Gymnolomia multiflora (Nutt.) Benth. & Hook. showy false goldeneye<br />
multiflora<br />
f.; Viguiera multiflora (Nutt.) Blake<br />
Heliopsis helianthoides (L.) Sweet Buphthalmum helianthoides L.; Heliopsis sunflower-everlast<strong>in</strong>g<br />
var. helianthoides<br />
helianthoides var. solidag<strong>in</strong>oides (L.) Fern.<br />
Heliopsis helianthoides (L.) Sweet Heliopsis helianthoides ssp. occidentalis T.R. sunflower-everlast<strong>in</strong>g<br />
var. scabra (Dunal) Fern.<br />
Fisher; Heliopsis helianthoides var.<br />
occidentalis (T.R. Fisher) Steyermark; Heliopsis<br />
helianthoides ssp. scabra (Dunal) T.R. Fisher;<br />
Heliopsis scabra Dunal<br />
Helm<strong>in</strong>tho<strong>the</strong>ca echioides (L.) Holub Picris echioides L. bristly ox-tongue<br />
Heterosperma p<strong>in</strong>natum Cav.<br />
w<strong>in</strong>gpetal<br />
Hetero<strong>the</strong>ca subaxillaris (Lam.) Hetero<strong>the</strong>ca latifolia Buckl.; Hetero<strong>the</strong>ca camphor false golden-aster<br />
Britt. & Rusby var. latifolia (Buckl.) subaxillaris ssp. latifolia (Buckl.) Semple<br />
Gandhi & Thomas<br />
Hieracium aurantiacum L. Pilosella aurantiaca (L.) F.W. Schultz & orange hawkweed<br />
Schultz-Bip.<br />
Hieracium caespitosum Dumort. Hieracium pratense Tausch; Pilosella<br />
yellow hawkweed<br />
caespitosa (Dumort.) P.D. Sell & C. West<br />
Hieracium ×fernaldii Lepage Hieracium kalmii × H. scabrum ; Hieracium<br />
canadense var. hirtirameum Fern.<br />
Hieracium flagellare Willd. Pilosella flagellaris (Willd.) P.D. Sell & C. whip hawkweed<br />
West
Hieracium ×floribundum Wimmer Hieracium caespitosum × H. lactucella Wallr.;<br />
& Grab.<br />
Pilosella ×floribunda (Wimmer & Grab.) Arv.-<br />
Touv.<br />
Hieracium gronovii L.<br />
beaked hawkweed<br />
Hieracium kalmii L. Hieracium canadense Michx.; Hieracium Canada hawkweed<br />
canadense Michx. var. fasciculatum (Pursh)<br />
Fern.; Hieracium canadense Michx. var. kalmii<br />
(L.) Scogg<strong>in</strong>, an illegitimate name; Hieracium<br />
kalmii var. fasciculatum (L.) Lepage;<br />
Hieracium umbellatum var. canadense (Michx.)<br />
Hieracium lachenalii K.C. Gmel.<br />
Breitung<br />
Hieracium vulgatum Fries common hawkweed<br />
Hieracium maculatum Sm.<br />
spotted hawkweed<br />
Hieracium ×marianum Willd. Hieracium gronovii × H. venosum ; Hieracium<br />
pennsylvanicum Fries<br />
Hieracium murorum L.<br />
wall hawkweed<br />
Hieracium paniculatum L.<br />
panicled hawkweed<br />
Hieracium pilosella L. Hieracium pilosella L. var. niveum Muell.- mouse-ear hawkweed<br />
Arg.; Pilosella offic<strong>in</strong>arum F.W. Schultz &<br />
Schultz-Bip.<br />
Hieracium piloselloides Vill. Hieracium florent<strong>in</strong>um All.; Pilosella glaucous hawkweed<br />
piloselloides (Vill.) Soják<br />
Hieracium praealtum Vill. ex Hieracium praealtum var. decipiens<br />
tall hawkweed<br />
Gochnat<br />
W.D.J. Koch; Pilosella praealta (Vill. ex<br />
Gochnat) F.W. Schultz & Schultz-Bip.<br />
Hieracium rob<strong>in</strong>sonii (Zahn) Fern. Hieracium ungavense Lepage Rob<strong>in</strong>son's hawkweed<br />
Hieracium sabaudum L.<br />
Savoy hawkweed<br />
Hieracium scabrum Michx. Hieracium scabrum var. tonsum Fern. & St. rough hawkweed<br />
John<br />
Hieracium umbellatum L. Hieracium scabriusculum Schwe<strong>in</strong>.;<br />
narrow-leaved hawkweed<br />
Hieracium scabriusculum Schwe<strong>in</strong>. var.<br />
saximontanum Lepage<br />
Hieracium venosum L. Hieracium venosum var. nudicaule (Michx.) rattlesnake hawkweed<br />
Farw.<br />
Hymenoxys odorata DC. Act<strong>in</strong>ella odorata Gray; Picradenia odorata poison rubberweed<br />
(DC.) Britt.<br />
Hypochaeris glabra L.<br />
smooth cat's-ear<br />
Hypochaeris radicata L. hairy cat's-ear<br />
Inula helenium L.<br />
horse yellowhead<br />
Inula salic<strong>in</strong>a L.<br />
willow-leaved yellowhead<br />
Ionactis l<strong>in</strong>ariifolia (L.) Greene Aster l<strong>in</strong>ariifolius L.; Aster l<strong>in</strong>ariifolius L. flax-leaved stiff-aster<br />
var. victor<strong>in</strong>ii Fern.<br />
Iva annua L. Iva ciliata Willd. rough marsh-elder<br />
Iva frutescens L.<br />
Iva frutescens ssp. oraria (Bartlett) R.C.<br />
Jackson; Iva frutescens var. oraria<br />
maritime marsh-elder<br />
(Bartlett) Fern. & Grisc.<br />
Jacobaea vulgaris Gaertn. Senecio jacobaea L. tansy ragwort
Krigia biflora Walt. var. biflora Hyoseris amplexicaulis Michx.; Hyoseris two-flowered dwarf-dandelion<br />
biflora Walt.; Krigia amplexicaulis (Michx.)<br />
Nutt.; Krigia biflora ssp. glandulifera (Fern.)<br />
Iltis<br />
Krigia virg<strong>in</strong>ica (L.) Willd. Hyoseris virg<strong>in</strong>ica L. Virg<strong>in</strong>ia dwarf-dandelion<br />
Lactuca biennis (Moench) Fern. Lactuca spicata (Lam.) A.S. Hitchc. var. tall blue lettuce<br />
<strong>in</strong>tegrifolia (Torr. & Gray) Britt.; Mulgedium<br />
spicatum (Lam.) Small var. <strong>in</strong>tegrifolium (Torr.<br />
& Gray) Small; Sonchus biennis Moench<br />
Lactuca canadensis L. Lactuca canadensis var. <strong>in</strong>tegrifolia (Bigelow) tall lettuce<br />
Torr. & Gray; Lactuca canadensis var. latifolia<br />
Kuntze; Lactuca canadensis var. longifolia<br />
(Michx.) Farw.; Lactuca canadensis var.<br />
obovata Wieg ; Lactuca sagittifolia Ell<br />
Lactuca hirsuta Muhl. ex Nutt. Lactuca hirsuta var. sangu<strong>in</strong>ea (Bigelow) Fern. tall hairy lettuce<br />
Lactuca ×morssii B.L. Rob<strong>in</strong>s. Lactuca biennis × L. canadensis<br />
Lactuca sativa L.<br />
cultivated lettuce<br />
Lactuca serriola L.<br />
Lactuca scariola L.; Lactuca scariola L. var. prickly lettuce<br />
<strong>in</strong>tegrata Gren. & Godr.; Lactuca scariola L.<br />
var. <strong>in</strong>tegrifolia (Bogenh.) G. Beck<br />
Lapsana communis L.<br />
common nipplewort<br />
Las<strong>the</strong>nia californica DC. ex L<strong>in</strong>dl. Baeria chrysostoma Fisch. & C.A. Mey.; California goldfields<br />
Baeria chrysostoma Fisch. & C.A. Mey. var.<br />
gracilis (DC.) Hall; Las<strong>the</strong>nia chrysostoma<br />
(Fisch & C A Mey ) Greene<br />
Las<strong>the</strong>nia m<strong>in</strong>or (DC.) Ornduff Baeria m<strong>in</strong>or (DC.) Ferris coastal goldfields<br />
Layia platyglossa (Fisch. & C.A. Layia platyglossa ssp. campestris Keck; Layia coastal tidytips<br />
Mey.) Gray<br />
platyglossa var. breviseta Gray<br />
Leontodon hispidus L. ssp. hispidus Apargia hispida (L.) Willd.; Leontodon bristly hawkbit<br />
hastilis L. var. vulgaris W.D.J. Koch<br />
Leontodon saxatilis Lam. ssp. Leontodon leysseri (Wallr.) G. Beck;<br />
little hawkbit<br />
saxatilis<br />
Leontodon nudicaulis Mérat; Leontodon<br />
nudicaulis Mérat ssp. taraxacoides (Vill.)<br />
Sch<strong>in</strong>z & Thellung; Leontodon taraxacoides<br />
(Vill ) Mérat<br />
Leucan<strong>the</strong>mella serot<strong>in</strong>a (L.) Tzvelev Chrysan<strong>the</strong>mum serot<strong>in</strong>um L.; Leucan<strong>the</strong>mum giant-daisy<br />
serot<strong>in</strong>um (L.) Stankov; Tanacetum serot<strong>in</strong>um<br />
(L.) Schultz-Bip.<br />
Leucan<strong>the</strong>mum ×superbum (Berg. ex<br />
J.W. Ingram) Berg. ex Kent<br />
Leucan<strong>the</strong>mum lacustre (Brot.) Samp. × L.<br />
maximum (Ramond) DC.<br />
Leucan<strong>the</strong>mum vulgare Lam. Chrysan<strong>the</strong>mum leucan<strong>the</strong>mum L.;<br />
ox-eye daisy<br />
Chrysan<strong>the</strong>mum leucan<strong>the</strong>mum L. var.<br />
p<strong>in</strong>natifidum Lecoq & Lamotte; Leucan<strong>the</strong>mum<br />
leucan<strong>the</strong>mum (L.) Rydb.; Leucan<strong>the</strong>mum<br />
vulgare var. p<strong>in</strong>natifidum (Lecoq & Lamotte)<br />
Moldenke
Liatris novae-angliae (Lunell)<br />
Sh<strong>in</strong>ners var. novae-angliae<br />
Liatris pycnostachya Michx. var.<br />
pycnostachya<br />
Liatris spicata (L.) Willd. var.<br />
spicata<br />
Logfia m<strong>in</strong>ima (Sm.) Dumort.<br />
Madia glomerata Hook.<br />
Madia sativa Mol<strong>in</strong>a<br />
Matricaria chamomilla L. var.<br />
chamomilla<br />
Lac<strong>in</strong>aria scariosa (L.) Hill var. novae-angliae<br />
Lunell; Liatris borealis , of authors not Nutt. ex<br />
J. McNab; Liatris scariosa (L.) Willd. var.<br />
novae-angliae (Lunell) Gandhi, S.M. Young, &<br />
nor<strong>the</strong>rn blaz<strong>in</strong>g star<br />
P Somers<br />
Lac<strong>in</strong>aria pycnostachya (Michx.) Kuntze thick-spiked blaz<strong>in</strong>g star<br />
Lac<strong>in</strong>aria spicata (L.) Kuntze; Serratula<br />
spicata L.<br />
Filago m<strong>in</strong>ima (Sm.) Pers.; Gnaphalium<br />
m<strong>in</strong>imum Sm.; Oglifa m<strong>in</strong>ima (Sm.) Reichenb.<br />
Madia capitata Nutt.; Madia sativa ssp.<br />
capitata (Nutt.) Piper; Madia sativa var.<br />
congesta Torr. & Gray<br />
Chamomilla chamomilla (L.) Rydb.;<br />
Matricaria chamomilla L. var. coronata J. Gay<br />
ex Boiss.<br />
Matricaria chamomilla L. var. Chamomilla recutita (L.) Rauschert;<br />
recutita (L.) Fiori<br />
Matricaria recutita L.<br />
Matricaria discoidea DC. Chamomilla suaveolens (Pursh) Rydb.;<br />
Lepidanthus suaveolens (Pursh) Nutt.;<br />
Matricaria matricarioides , of authors not<br />
(Less.) Porter; Matricaria suaveolens (Pursh)<br />
sessile-headed blaz<strong>in</strong>g star<br />
little false cotton-rose<br />
mounta<strong>in</strong> tarplant<br />
Chile tarplant<br />
wild chamomile<br />
wild chamomile<br />
rayless chamomile<br />
Buch ; Tanacetum suaveolens (Pursh) Hook<br />
Microseris douglasii (DC.) Schultz- Calais douglasii DC. Douglas' silverpuffs<br />
Bip. ssp. douglasii<br />
Mikania scandens (L.) Willd. Eupatorium scandens L.; Mikania scandens climb<strong>in</strong>g hempv<strong>in</strong>e<br />
var. pubescens (Nutt.) Torr. & Gray;<br />
Mulgedium pulchellum (Pursh) G.<br />
Don <strong>in</strong> R. Sweet<br />
Willoughbya scandens (L.) Kuntze<br />
Lactuca pulchella (Pursh) DC.; Lactuca<br />
tatarica (L.) C.A. Mey. ssp. pulchella (Pursh)<br />
Stebb<strong>in</strong>s; Lactuca tatarica (L.) C.A. Mey. var.<br />
pulchella (Pursh) Breitung; Sonchus<br />
Russia blue lettuce<br />
pulchellus Pursh<br />
Mycelis muralis (L.) Dumort. Lactuca muralis (L.) Fresen. wall-lettuce<br />
Nabalus albus (L.) Hook.<br />
Harpalyce alba (L.) D. Don ex Beck; Nabalus white rattlesnake-root<br />
<strong>in</strong>tegrifolius Cass.; Nabalus serpentarius var.<br />
<strong>in</strong>tegrifolius (Cass.) Britt.; Prenan<strong>the</strong>s alba L.<br />
Nabalus altissimus (L.) Hook. Harpalyce altissima (L.) D. Don ex Beck;<br />
Nabalus altissimus var. hispidulus House;<br />
Prenan<strong>the</strong>s altissima L.; Prenan<strong>the</strong>s altissima<br />
L. var. c<strong>in</strong>namomea Fern.; Prenan<strong>the</strong>s<br />
tall rattlesnake-root<br />
altissima L var hispidula Fern<br />
Nabalus boottii DC. Prenan<strong>the</strong>s boottii (DC.) Gray Boott's rattlesnake-root<br />
Nabalus ×ma<strong>in</strong>ensis (Gray) Heller Nabalus racemosus × N. trifoliolatus ;<br />
Prenan<strong>the</strong>s ×ma<strong>in</strong>ensis Gray
Nabalus racemosus (Michx.) Hook.<br />
Harpalyce racemosa (Michx.) D. Don ex Beck;<br />
Prenan<strong>the</strong>s racemosa Michx.; Prenan<strong>the</strong>s<br />
racemosa Michx. ssp. multiflora Cronq.;<br />
Prenan<strong>the</strong>s racemosa Michx. var. multiflora<br />
(Cronq ) Cronq<br />
Nabalus serpentarius (Pursh) Hook. Prenan<strong>the</strong>s serpentaria Pursh; Prenan<strong>the</strong>s<br />
serpentaria Pursh forma simplicifolia Fern.<br />
Nabalus trifoliolatus Cass. Nabalus nanus (Bigelow) DC.; Prenan<strong>the</strong>s<br />
alba L. var. nana Bigelow; Prenan<strong>the</strong>s nana<br />
(Bigelow) Torr. ex DC.; Prenan<strong>the</strong>s trifoliolata<br />
(Cass.) Fern.; Prenan<strong>the</strong>s trifoliolata (Cass.)<br />
glaucous rattlesnake-root<br />
lion's-foot rattlesnake-root<br />
three-leaved rattlesnake-root<br />
Fern var nana Bigelow<br />
Nipponan<strong>the</strong>mum nipponicum Chrysan<strong>the</strong>mum nipponicum (Franch. ex Nippon-daisy<br />
(Franch. ex Maxim.) Kitam.<br />
Maxim.) Spreng.; Leucan<strong>the</strong>mum nipponicum<br />
Franch. ex Maxim.<br />
Oclemena acum<strong>in</strong>ata (Michx.) Nesom Aster acum<strong>in</strong>atus Michx. sharp-too<strong>the</strong>d nodd<strong>in</strong>g-aster<br />
Oclemena ×blakei (Porter) Nesom Oclemena acum<strong>in</strong>ata × O. nemoralis ; Aster<br />
×blakei (Porter) House<br />
Oclemena nemoralis (Ait.) Greene Aster nemoralis Ait. bog nodd<strong>in</strong>g-aster<br />
Oligoneuron album (Nutt.) Nesom Aster ptarmicoides (Nees) Torr. & Gray; white flat-topped-goldenrod<br />
Doell<strong>in</strong>geria ptarmicoides Nees; Inula alba<br />
Nutt.; Solidago asteroides Semple; Solidago<br />
ptarmicoides (Nees) Boiv<strong>in</strong>; Unamia alba<br />
Oligoneuron rigidum (L.) Small var.<br />
rigidum<br />
(Nutt ) Rydb<br />
Solidago rigida L. stiff flat-topped-goldenrod<br />
Omalo<strong>the</strong>ca sup<strong>in</strong>a (L.) DC. Gnaphalium sup<strong>in</strong>um L. alp<strong>in</strong>e arctic-cudweed<br />
Omalo<strong>the</strong>ca sylvatica (L.) Schultz- Gnaphalium sylvaticum L. woodland arctic-cudweed<br />
Bip. & F.W. Schultz<br />
Onopordum acanthium L. ssp.<br />
Scotch cotton-thistle<br />
acanthium<br />
Packera anonyma (Wood) A. & D. Senecio anonymus Wood; Senecio smallii Small's groundsel<br />
Löve<br />
Britt.<br />
Packera aurea (L.) A. & D. Löve Senecio aureus L.; Senecio aureus L. var.<br />
gracilis (Pursh) Hook.; Senecio aureus L. var.<br />
golden groundsel<br />
Packera obovata (Muhl. ex Willd.)<br />
W.A. Weber & A. Löve<br />
Packera paupercula (Michx.) W.A.<br />
Weber & A. Löve<br />
Packera schwe<strong>in</strong>itziana (Nutt.) W.A.<br />
Weber & A. Löve<br />
Palafoxia texana DC. var. texana<br />
<strong>in</strong>tercursus Fern.; Senecio gracilis Pursh<br />
Senecio obovatus Muhl. ex Willd.; Senecio<br />
obovatus Muhl. ex Willd. var. rotundus Britt.;<br />
Senecio rotundus (Britt.) Small<br />
Senecio balsamitae Muhl. ex Willd.; Senecio<br />
gaspensis Greenm.; Senecio pauperculus<br />
Michx.; Senecio pauperculus Michx. var.<br />
balsamitae (Muhl. ex Willd.) Fern.; Senecio<br />
pauperculus Michx. var. praelongus (Greenm.)<br />
House<br />
Senecio robb<strong>in</strong>sii Oakes ex Rusby; Senecio<br />
schwe<strong>in</strong>itzianus Nutt.<br />
runn<strong>in</strong>g groundsel<br />
balsam groundsel<br />
New England groundsel<br />
Texas palafox
Par<strong>the</strong>nium hysterophorus L. Par<strong>the</strong>nium lobatum Buckl. Santa Maria feverfew<br />
Par<strong>the</strong>nium <strong>in</strong>tegrifolium L. var.<br />
wild feverfew<br />
<strong>in</strong>tegrifolium<br />
Perezia multiflora (Humb. & Bonpl.) Perezia aletes J.F. Macbr.; Perezia sonchifolia perezia<br />
ssp. sonchifolia (Baker) Vuill. Baker<br />
Petasites frigidus (L.) Fries var. Nardosmia arctica (Porsild) A. & D. Löve; nor<strong>the</strong>rn sweet-coltsfoot<br />
palmatus (Ait.) Cronq.<br />
Petasites arcticus Porsild; Petasites frigidus<br />
ssp. arcticus (Porsild) Cody; Petasites frigidus<br />
ssp. palmatus (Ait.) Cody; Petasites palmatus<br />
(Ait ) Gray; Tussilago palmata Ait<br />
Petasites hybridus (L.) P.G. Gaertn., Petasites offic<strong>in</strong>alis Moench; Petasites butterbur sweet-coltsfoot<br />
B. Mey., & Scherb<br />
vulgaris Hill<br />
Petasites japonicus (Sieb. & Zucc.) Nardosmia japonica Sieb. & Zucc. Japanese sweet-coltsfoot<br />
Maxim.<br />
Picris hieracioides L.<br />
hawkweed oxtongue<br />
Pityopsis falcata (Pursh) Nutt. Chrysopsis falcata (Pursh) Ell.; Hetero<strong>the</strong>ca sickle-leaved silk-grass<br />
falcata (Pursh) Harms<br />
Pluchea odorata (L.) Cass. var. Pluchea purpurascens (Sw.) DC.<br />
succulenta (Fern.) Cronq.<br />
var. succulenta Fern.<br />
Polymnia canadensis L. Polymnia canadensis var. radiata Gray;<br />
Pseudognaphalium macounii<br />
(Greene) Kartesz<br />
Pseudognaphalium micradenium<br />
(Wea<strong>the</strong>rby) Nesom<br />
Pseudognaphalium obtusifolium (L.)<br />
Hilliard & Burtt<br />
Polymnia radiata (Gray) Small<br />
Gnaphalium decurrens Ives; Gnaphalium<br />
macounii Greene; Pseudognaphalium<br />
viscosum , of authors not (Kunth) W.A. Weber<br />
Gnaphalium helleri Britt. var. micradenium<br />
(Wea<strong>the</strong>rby) Mahler; Gnaphalium obtusifolium<br />
L. var. micradenium Wea<strong>the</strong>rby;<br />
Pseudognaphalium helleri (Britt.) A. Anderb.<br />
ssp micradenium (Wea<strong>the</strong>rby) Kartesz<br />
Gnaphalium obtusifolium L.; Gnaphalium<br />
obtusifolium L. var. praecox Fern.;<br />
Pseudognaphalium obtusifolium ssp. praecox<br />
(Fern ) Kartesz<br />
Ratibida columnifera (Nutt.) Woot. & Ratibida columnaris (Sims) D. Don;<br />
Standl.<br />
Rudbeckia columnifera Nutt.; Lepachys<br />
sweet-scented camphorweed<br />
white-flowered leaf-cup<br />
Macoun's rabbit-tobacco<br />
Wea<strong>the</strong>rby's rabbit-tobacco<br />
blunt-leaved rabbit-tobacco<br />
prairie Mexican-hat<br />
columnifera (Nutt.) J.F. Macbr.<br />
Ratibida p<strong>in</strong>nata (Vent.) Barnh. Rudbeckia p<strong>in</strong>nata Vent. gray-headed Mexican-hat<br />
Rudbeckia bicolor Nutt.<br />
p<strong>in</strong>e-woods coneflower<br />
Rudbeckia fulgida Ait. var. speciosa Rudbeckia speciosa Wenderoth<br />
showy coneflower<br />
(Wenderoth) Perdue<br />
Rudbeckia hirta L. var. hirta Rudbeckia brittonii Small; Rudbeckia hirta var. black-eyed coneflower<br />
brittonii (Small) Fern.<br />
Rudbeckia hirta L. var. pulcherrima Rudbeckia hirta var. lanceolata (Bisch.) Core; black-eyed coneflower<br />
Farw.<br />
Rudbeckia hirta var. serot<strong>in</strong>a (Nutt.) Core;<br />
Rudbeckia serot<strong>in</strong>a Nutt.<br />
Rudbeckia lac<strong>in</strong>iata L. var.<br />
green-headed coneflower<br />
bip<strong>in</strong>nata Perdue<br />
Rudbeckia lac<strong>in</strong>iata L. var. lac<strong>in</strong>iata Rudbeckia lac<strong>in</strong>iata var. hortensis Bailey green-headed coneflower
Rudbeckia subtomentosa Pursh<br />
sweet coneflower<br />
Rudbeckia triloba L. var. triloba<br />
three-lobed coneflower<br />
Santol<strong>in</strong>a chamaecyparissus L. lavender-cotton<br />
Schkuhria p<strong>in</strong>nata (Lam.) Kuntze Pectis p<strong>in</strong>nata Lam.<br />
fea<strong>the</strong>ry false threadleaf<br />
var. p<strong>in</strong>nata<br />
Sclerolepis uniflora (Walt.) B.S.P. Aethulia uniflora Walt.; Sclerolepis<br />
sclerolepis<br />
verticillata (Michx.) Cass.; Sparganophorus<br />
Scorzoneroides autumnalis (L.)<br />
Moench ssp. autumnalis<br />
Scorzoneroides autumnalis (L.)<br />
Moench ssp. pratensis (L<strong>in</strong>k) Holub<br />
verticillatus Michx.<br />
Apargia autumnalis (L.) Hoffmann; Leontodon<br />
autumnalis L.<br />
Leontodon autumnalis L. ssp. pratensis (L<strong>in</strong>k)<br />
Arcang.; Leontodon autumnalis L. var.<br />
pratensis (L<strong>in</strong>k) W.D.J. Koch<br />
Senecio spartioides Torr. & Gray Senecio multicapitatus Greenm. ex Rydb.;<br />
Senecio spartioides var. multicapitatus<br />
(Greenm. ex Rydb.) Welsh<br />
Senecio suaveolens (L.) Ell. Cacalia suaveolens L.; Hasteola suaveolens<br />
(L.) Pojark.; Synosma suaveolens (L.) Raf. ex<br />
Britt.<br />
Senecio sylvaticus L.<br />
Senecio viscosus L.<br />
Senecio vulgaris L.<br />
Sericocarpus asteroides (L.) B.S.P. Aster asteroides (L.) MacMillan; Aster<br />
fall-dandelion<br />
fall-dandelion<br />
broom-like ragwort<br />
false Indian-planta<strong>in</strong><br />
woodland ragwort<br />
sticky ragwort<br />
common ragwort<br />
too<strong>the</strong>d white-topped-aster<br />
paternus Cronq.; Conyza asteroides L.<br />
Sericocarpus l<strong>in</strong>ifolius (L.) B.S.P. Aster solidag<strong>in</strong>eus Michx.; Conyza l<strong>in</strong>ifolia L. narrow-leaved white-toppedaster<br />
Sigesbeckia orientalis L. common St. Paul's-wort<br />
Silphium perfoliatum L. var.<br />
cup-plant ros<strong>in</strong>weed<br />
perfoliatum<br />
Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. Carduus marianus L.; Mariana mariana (L.) blessed milk-thistle<br />
Hill<br />
Solidago aestivalis Bickn. Solidago rugosa P. Mill. var. sphagnophila swamp wr<strong>in</strong>kle-leaved<br />
Graves<br />
goldenrod<br />
Solidago altissima L. ssp. altissima Solidago altissima var. procera (Ait.) Fern.; tall goldenrod<br />
Solidago canadensis var. scabra Torr. & Gray<br />
Solidago arguta Ait. var. arguta<br />
forest goldenrod<br />
Solidago ×asperula Desf. Solidago rugosa × S. sempervirens<br />
Solidago bicolor L. white goldenrod<br />
Solidago brendiae Semple<br />
Brenda's goldenrod<br />
Solidago caesia L. var. caesia Solidago axillaris Pursh; Solidago caesia var. axillary goldenrod<br />
axillaris (Pursh) Gray<br />
Solidago ×calcicola Fern. Solidago canadensis × S. macrophylla<br />
Solidago canadensis L. var.<br />
Canada goldenrod<br />
canadensis<br />
Solidago canadensis L. var. hargeri<br />
Canada goldenrod<br />
Fern.<br />
Solidago erecta Pursh Solidago speciosa var. erecta (Pursh) MacM. slender goldenrod<br />
Solidago flexicaulis L. Solidago latifolia L. ziz-zag goldenrod
Solidago gigantea Ait. Solidago gigantea ssp. serot<strong>in</strong>a (Kuntze)<br />
McNeill; Solidago gigantea var. serot<strong>in</strong>a<br />
(Kuntze) Cronq.<br />
Solidago hispida Muhl. ex Willd. Solidago bicolor var. concolor Torr. & Gray;<br />
Solidago bicolor var. lanata (Hook.) Seymour;<br />
Solidago hispida var. lanata (Hook.) Fern.<br />
smooth goldenrod<br />
hairy goldenrod<br />
Solidago juncea Ait. Solidago juncea var. neobohemica Fern.;<br />
Solidago juncea var. ramosa Porter & Britt.<br />
Solidago latissimifolia P. Mill. Solidago elliottii Torr. & Gray; Solidago<br />
elliottii Torr. & Gray var. ascendens Fern.;<br />
Solidago elliottii Torr. & Gray var. pedicellata<br />
early goldenrod<br />
Elliott's goldenrod<br />
Fern<br />
Solidago leiocarpa DC. Solidago cutleri Fern.; Solidago virgaurea L. Cutler's goldenrod<br />
var. alp<strong>in</strong>a Bigelow<br />
Solidago macrophylla Pursh Solidago macrophylla var. thyrsoidea (E. large-leaved goldenrod<br />
Mey.) Fern.<br />
Solidago macrophylla × Solidago<br />
rugosa ssp. rugosa<br />
Solidago nemoralis Ait. ssp. Solidago nemoralis ssp. haleana (Fern.) G.W. gray goldenrod<br />
nemoralis<br />
Douglas; Solidago nemoralis var. haleana<br />
Fern.<br />
Solidago odora Ait. ssp. odora Solidago suaveolens Schoepf licorice goldenrod<br />
Solidago patula Muhl. ex Willd. var.<br />
rough-leaved goldenrod<br />
patula<br />
Solidago puberula Nutt. var.<br />
downy goldenrod<br />
puberula<br />
Solidago racemosa Greene Solidago glut<strong>in</strong>osa Nutt. var. racemosa riverbank goldenrod<br />
(Greene) Cronq.; Solidago racemosa Greene;<br />
Solidago simplex Kunth. ssp. randii (Porter)<br />
R<strong>in</strong>gius var. racemosa (Greene) R<strong>in</strong>gius;<br />
Solidago spathulata DC. var. racemosa<br />
(Greene) Gleason<br />
Solidago randii (Porter) Britt. Solidago glut<strong>in</strong>osa Nutt. ssp. randii (Porter)<br />
Cronq.; Solidago randii (Porter) Britt. var.<br />
monticola (Porter) Fern.; Solidago simplex<br />
Kunth. ssp. randii (Porter) R<strong>in</strong>gius var.<br />
monticola (Porter) R<strong>in</strong>gius; Solidago<br />
Rand's goldenrod<br />
Solidago rugosa P. Mill. ssp.<br />
spathulata DC ssp randii (Porter) Gleason<br />
Solidago aspera Ait.; Solidago celtidifolia common wr<strong>in</strong>kle-leaved<br />
aspera (Ait.) Cronq. var. aspera Small; Solidago rugosa var. celtidifolia (Small) goldenrod<br />
(Ait.) Fern.<br />
Fern.<br />
Solidago rugosa P. Mill. ssp. rugosa Solidago rugosa var. villosa (Pursh) Fern. common wr<strong>in</strong>kle-leaved<br />
Solidago sempervirens L. var.<br />
mexicana (L.) Fern.<br />
Solidago sempervirens L. var.<br />
sempervirens<br />
goldenrod<br />
Solidago mexicana L. seaside goldenrod<br />
sea-side goldenrod
Solidago speciosa Nutt. var. speciosa Solidago conferta P. Mill. showy goldenrod<br />
Solidago squarrosa Muhl. squarrose goldenrod<br />
Solidago ulig<strong>in</strong>osa Nutt. Solidago ulig<strong>in</strong>osa var. l<strong>in</strong>oides (Torr. & Gray) bog goldenrod<br />
Fern.; Solidago purshii Porter; Solidago<br />
ulig<strong>in</strong>osa var. terrae-novae (Torr. & Gray)<br />
Fern.; Solidago neglecta Torr. & Gray;<br />
Solidago ulig<strong>in</strong>osa var. neglecta (Torr. & Gray)<br />
Solidago ulmifolia Muhl. ex Willd.<br />
Fern ; Solidago uniligulata (DC ) Porter<br />
elm-leaved goldenrod<br />
var. ulmifolia<br />
Sonchus arvensis L. var. arvensis<br />
field sow-thistle<br />
Sonchus arvensis L. var. glabrescens Sonchus arvensis ssp. ulig<strong>in</strong>osus (Bieb.) field sow-thistle<br />
Guenth., Grab., & Wimmer<br />
Nyman; Sonchus ulig<strong>in</strong>osus Bieb.<br />
Sonchus asper (L.) Hill Sonchus oleraceus var. asper L. sp<strong>in</strong>y-leaved sow-thistle<br />
Sonchus oleraceus L.<br />
common sow-thistle<br />
Symphyotrichum ×amethyst<strong>in</strong>um Symphyotrichum ericoides × S. novae-angliae ;<br />
(Nutt.) Nesom<br />
Aster ×amethyst<strong>in</strong>us Nutt.<br />
Symphyotrichum anticostense (Fern.) Aster anticostensis Fern. Anticosti American-aster<br />
Nesom<br />
Symphyotrichum boreale (Torr. & Aster borealis (Torr. & Gray) Prov.; Aster rush American-aster<br />
Gray) Nesom<br />
junciformis Rydb.<br />
Symphyotrichum ciliatum (Ledeb.) Aster brachyactis Blake; Brachyactis angusta rayless annual American-aster<br />
Nesom<br />
(L<strong>in</strong>dl.) Britt.; Brachyactis ciliata (Ledeb.)<br />
Ledeb.; Brachyactis ciliata (Ledeb.) Ledeb. ssp.<br />
angusta (L<strong>in</strong>dl.) A.G. Jones; Tripolium<br />
Symphyotrichum ciliolatum (L<strong>in</strong>dl.)<br />
A. & D. Löve<br />
Symphyotrichum concolor (L.) Nesom<br />
ssp. concolor<br />
Symphyotrichum cordifolium (L.)<br />
Nesom<br />
Symphyotrichum cordifolium × S. novibelgii<br />
angustum L<strong>in</strong>dl<br />
Aster ciliolatus L<strong>in</strong>dl.; Aster l<strong>in</strong>dleyanus Torr.<br />
& Gray<br />
Aster concolor L.; Lasallea concolor (L.)<br />
Semple & Brouillet; Virgulus concolor (L.)<br />
Reveal & Keener<br />
Aster cordifolius L.; Aster cordifolius L. var.<br />
furbishiae Fern.; Aster cordifolius L. var.<br />
<strong>in</strong>cisus Britt.; Aster cordifolius L. var.<br />
polycephalus Porter; Aster cordifolius L. ssp.<br />
sagittifolius (Wedemeyer ex Willd.) A.G. Jones;<br />
Aster cordifolius L. var. sagittifolius<br />
(Wedemeyer ex Willd.) A.G. Jones; Aster<br />
sagittifolius Wedemeyer ex Willd;<br />
Symphyotrichum cordifolium var. furbishiae<br />
(Fern.) Nesom; Symphyotrichum cordifolium<br />
var. polycephalum (Porter) Nesom;<br />
Symphyotrichum sagittifolium (Wedemeyer ex<br />
L<strong>in</strong>dley's American-aster<br />
eastern silver American-aster<br />
heart-leaved American-aster
Symphyotrichum dumosum (L.) Nesom Aster coridifolius Michx.; Aster dumosus L.<br />
var. coridifolius (Michx.) Torr. & Gray; Aster<br />
dumosus L. var. gracilentus Torr. & Gray;<br />
Aster dumosus L. var. dodgei Fern.; Aster<br />
dumosus L. var. strictior Torr. & Gray; Aster<br />
dumosus L. var. subulifolius Torr. & Gray;<br />
Symphyotrichum dumosum var. dodgei (Fern.)<br />
Nesom; Symphyotrichum dumosum var.<br />
strictior (Torr. & Gray) Nesom;<br />
Symphyotrichum dumosum var. subulifolium<br />
Symphyotrichum dumosum × S.<br />
lateriflorum<br />
Symphyotrichum ericoides (L.) Nesom Aster ericoides L.; Aster ericoides L. var.<br />
var. ericoides<br />
prostratus (Kuntze) Blake; Aster multiflorus<br />
Ait.; Aster multiflorus Ait. var. prostratus<br />
Kuntze; Lasallea ericoides (L.) Semple &<br />
Brouillet; Virgulus ericoides (L.) Reveal &<br />
Symphyotrichum frondosum (Nutt.)<br />
Nesom<br />
Symphyotrichum laeve (L.) A. & D.<br />
Löve var. laeve<br />
Symphyotrichum lanceolatum (Willd.)<br />
Nesom ssp. lanceolatum var. <strong>in</strong>terior<br />
(Wieg.) Nesom<br />
Symphyotrichum lanceolatum (Willd.)<br />
Nesom ssp. lanceolatum var.<br />
lanceolatum<br />
Symphyotrichum lanceolatum (Willd.)<br />
Nesom ssp. lanceolatum var.<br />
latifolium (Semple & Chmielewski)<br />
Nesom<br />
Symphyotrichum lateriflorum (L.) A.<br />
& D. Löve<br />
Symphyotrichum lateriflorum × S.<br />
puniceum<br />
Keener<br />
Aster frondosus (Nutt.) Torr. & Gray;<br />
Brachyactis frondosa (Nutt.) Gray; Tripolium<br />
frondosum Nutt.<br />
Aster laevis L.<br />
Aster <strong>in</strong>terior Wieg.; Aster lanceolatus Willd.<br />
ssp. <strong>in</strong>terior (Wieg.) A.G. Jones; Aster<br />
lanceolatus Willd. var. <strong>in</strong>terior (Wieg.) Semple<br />
& Chmielewski; Aster simplex Willd. var.<br />
<strong>in</strong>terior (Wieg ) Cronq<br />
Aster lanceolatus Willd.; Aster lanceolatus<br />
Willd. ssp. simplex (Willd.) A.G. Jones; Aster<br />
lanceolatus Willd. var. simplex (Willd.) A.G.<br />
Jones; Aster paniculatus Lam. var. simplex<br />
(Willd.) Burgess; Aster simplex Willd.; Aster<br />
simplex Willd. var. ramosissimus (Torr. &<br />
Gray) Cronq.; Symphyotrichum simplex<br />
(Willd ) A & D Lö<br />
Aster lanceolatus Willd. var. latifolius Semple<br />
& Chmielewski<br />
Aster hirsuticaulis L<strong>in</strong>dl. ex DC.; Aster<br />
lateriflorus (L.) Britt.; Aster lateriflorus (L.)<br />
Britt. var. angustifolius Wieg.; Aster<br />
lateriflorus (L.) Britt. var. hirsuticaulis (L<strong>in</strong>dl.<br />
ex DC ) Porter; Solidago lateriflora<br />
L<br />
bushy American-aster<br />
heath American-aster<br />
leafy annual American-aster<br />
smooth American-aster<br />
lance-leaved American-aster<br />
lance-leaved American-aster<br />
lance-leaved American-aster<br />
calico American-aster
Symphyotrichum lowrieanum (Porter)<br />
Nesom<br />
Symphyotrichum novae-angliae<br />
(L.) Nesom<br />
Symphyotrichum novi-belgii (L.)<br />
Nesom var. elodes (Torr. & Gray)<br />
Nesom<br />
Symphyotrichum novi-belgii (L.)<br />
Nesom var. novi-belgii<br />
Aster cordfolius L. ssp. laevigatus (Porter)<br />
A.G. Jones; Aster cordifolius L. var. laevigatus<br />
Porter; Aster lowrieanus Porter<br />
Aster novae-angliae L.; Lasallea novaeangliae<br />
(L.) Semple & Brouillet; Virgulus<br />
novae-angliae (L.) Reveal & Keener<br />
Aster elodes Torr. & Gray; Aster novi-belgii L.<br />
var. elodes (Torr. & Gray) Gray<br />
Aster johannensis Fern.; Aster longifolius<br />
Lam.; Aster novi-belgii L.; Aster novi-belgii L.<br />
ssp. johannensis (Fern.) A.G. Jones; Aster novibelgii<br />
L. var. johannensis (Fern.) A.G. Jones;<br />
Lowrie's American-aster<br />
New England American-aster<br />
New York American-aster<br />
New York American-aster<br />
Symphyotrichum novi-belgii (L.)<br />
Nesom var. villicaule (Gray)<br />
Lebrecque & Brouillet<br />
Symphyotrichum ontarionis (Wieg.)<br />
Nesom<br />
Symphyotrichum patens (Ait.) Nesom<br />
var. patens<br />
Symphyotrichum pilosum (Willd.)<br />
Nesom var. pilosum<br />
Symphyotrichum pilosum (Willd.)<br />
Nesom var. pr<strong>in</strong>glei (Gray) Nesom<br />
Symphyotrichum praealtum (Poir.)<br />
Nesom ssp. angustior (Wieg.) A.<br />
Ha<strong>in</strong>es<br />
Symphyotrichum prenanthoides<br />
(Muhl. ex Willd.) Nesom<br />
Symphyotrichum puniceum (L.) A. &<br />
D. Löve var. puniceum<br />
Symphyotrichum racemosum (Ell.)<br />
Nesom<br />
Symphyotrichum subulatum (Michx.)<br />
Nesom var. subulatum<br />
Aster johannensis Fern. var. villicaulis (Gray) New York American-aster<br />
Fern.; Aster novi-belgii L. var. villicaulis<br />
(Gray) Boiv<strong>in</strong><br />
Aster ontarionis Wieg.; Aster ontarionis Ontario American-aster<br />
Wieg. var. glabratus Semple; Symphyotrichum<br />
ontarionis var. glabratum (Semple) Brouillet &<br />
Bouchard<br />
Aster patens Ait.; Lasallea patens (Ait.) late purple American-aster<br />
Semple & Brouillet; Virgulus patens (Ait.)<br />
Reveal & Keener<br />
Aster pilosus Willd.<br />
awl American-aster<br />
Aster ericoides L. var. pr<strong>in</strong>glei Gray; Aster awl American-aster<br />
pilosus L. var. demotus Blake; Aster pilosus<br />
Willd. var. pr<strong>in</strong>glei (Gray) Blake; Aster<br />
pr<strong>in</strong>glei (Gray) Britt<br />
Aster praealtus Poir. var. angustior Wieg.; willow-leaved American-aster<br />
Symphyotrichum praealtum var. angustior<br />
(Wieg.) Nesom<br />
Aster prenanthoides Muhl. ex Willd. crooked-stemmed Americanaster<br />
Aster firmus Nees; Aster lucidulus (Gray) purple-stemmed American-aster<br />
Wieg.; Aster puniceus L.; Aster puniceus L.<br />
ssp. firmus (Nees) A.G. Jones; Aster puniceus<br />
L. var. firmus (Nees) Torr. & Gray; Aster<br />
puniceus L. var. lucidulus Gray;<br />
Symphyotrichum firmum (Nees) Nesom<br />
Aster fragilis , of authors not Willd.; Aster small white American-aster<br />
racemosus Ell.; Aster vim<strong>in</strong>eus Lam. var.<br />
subdumosus Wieg.; Aster vim<strong>in</strong>eus , of authors<br />
not Lam.; Symphyotrichum racemosum var.<br />
subdumosum (Wieg ) Nesom<br />
Aster subulatus Michx.; Aster subulatus annual saltmarsh American-aster<br />
Michx. var. euroauster Fern. & Grisc.; Aster<br />
subulatus Michx. var. obtusifolius Fern.
Symphyotrichum ×tardiflorum (L.)<br />
Greuter, M.V. Agab., & Wagenitz<br />
Symphyotrichum tenuifolium (L.)<br />
Nesom var. tenuifolium<br />
Symphyotrichum tradescantii (L.)<br />
Nesom<br />
Symphyotrichum undulatum (L.)<br />
Nesom<br />
Symphyotrichum urophyllum (L<strong>in</strong>dl.)<br />
Nesom<br />
Symphyotrichum cordifolium × S. puniceum ;<br />
Aster tardiflorus L.; Aster novi-belgii L. var.<br />
tardiflorus (L.) A.G. Jones; Symphyotrichum<br />
novi-belgii var tardiflorus (L ) Nesom<br />
Aster tenuifolius L. perennial saltmarsh Americanaster<br />
Aster saxatilis (Fern.) Blanch., an illegitimate Tradescant's American-aster<br />
name; Aster tradescantii L.; Aster tradescantii<br />
L. var. saxatilis (Fern.) House; Aster vim<strong>in</strong>eus<br />
Lam var saxatilis Fern<br />
Aster loriformis (Burgess) Burgess; Aster<br />
undulatus L.; Aster undulatus L. var.<br />
loriformis Burgess<br />
Aster sagittifolius , of authors not Wedemeyer<br />
ex Willd.; Aster sagittifolius Wedemeyer ex<br />
Willd. var. urophyllus (L<strong>in</strong>dl.) Burgess; Aster<br />
wavy-leaved American-aster<br />
arrow-leaved American-aster<br />
urophyllus L<strong>in</strong>dl<br />
Tagetes erecta L. Tagetes major Gaertn. Aztec marigold<br />
Tagetes m<strong>in</strong>uta L.<br />
m<strong>in</strong>iature marigold<br />
Tagetes patula L. Tagetes tenuifolia Millsp. French marigold<br />
Tanacetum bip<strong>in</strong>natum (L.) Schultz- Chrysan<strong>the</strong>mum bip<strong>in</strong>natum L. ssp. huronense eastern tansy<br />
Bip. ssp. huronense (Nutt.) Breitung (Nutt.) Hultén; Tanacetum huronense Nutt.;<br />
Tanacetum huronense Nutt. var. johannense<br />
Tanacetum par<strong>the</strong>nium (L.) Schultz-<br />
Bip.<br />
Fern<br />
Chrysan<strong>the</strong>mum par<strong>the</strong>nium (L.) Bernh.;<br />
Matricaria par<strong>the</strong>nium L.; Pyrethrum<br />
feverfew tansy<br />
par<strong>the</strong>nium (L.) Sm.<br />
Tanacetum vulgare L. Chrysan<strong>the</strong>mum ulig<strong>in</strong>osum Pers.;<br />
common tansy<br />
Chrysan<strong>the</strong>mum vulgare (L.) Bernh.<br />
Taraxacum laevigatum (Willd.) DC. Leontodon erythrospermum (Andrz. ex Bess.) red-seeded dandelion<br />
Britt.; Taraxacum erythrospermum Andrz. ex<br />
Bess.<br />
Taraxacum latilobum DC. Leontodon latiloba (DC.) Britt.; Taraxacum large-lobed dandelion<br />
offic<strong>in</strong>ale ssp. vulgare (Lam.) Sch<strong>in</strong>z & R.<br />
Keller; Taraxacum vulgare Lam.<br />
Taraxacum offic<strong>in</strong>ale G.H. Weber ex Leontodon taraxacum L. common dandelion<br />
Wiggers<br />
Taraxacum palustre (Lyons) Symons Taraxacum turfosum (Schultz-Bip.) Soest marsh dandelion<br />
Thymophylla tenuiloba (DC.) Small Dyssodia tenuiloba (DC.) B.L. Rob<strong>in</strong>s. Dahlburg-daisy<br />
var. tenuiloba<br />
Tragopogon dubius Scop. Tragopogon dubius ssp. major (Jacq.) Voll.; fistulous goat's beard<br />
Tragopogon major Jacq.<br />
Tragopogon porrifolius L. purple goat's beard<br />
Tragopogon pratensis L. meadow goat's beard
Tripleurospermum <strong>in</strong>odorum (L.) Chamomilla <strong>in</strong>odora (L.) Gilib.; Matricaria corn scentless-chamomile<br />
Schultz-Bip.<br />
<strong>in</strong>odora L.; Matricaria maritima L. ssp.<br />
<strong>in</strong>odora (L.) Clapham; Matricaria maritima L.<br />
Tripleurospermum maritimum (L.)<br />
var. agrestis (Knaf) Wilmott; Matricaria<br />
perforata Mérat; Tripleurospermum<br />
perforatum (Mérat) M Laínz<br />
Chamomilla maritima (L.) Rydb.; Matricaria scentless-chamomile<br />
W.D.J. Koch ssp. maritimum maritima L.<br />
Tussilago farfara L.<br />
coltsfoot<br />
Verbes<strong>in</strong>a alternifolia (L.) Britt. ex Act<strong>in</strong>omeris alternifolia (L.) DC.; Coreopsis w<strong>in</strong>gstem crownbeard<br />
Kearney<br />
alternifolia L.; Ridan alternifolia (L.) Britt.<br />
Verbes<strong>in</strong>a encelioides (Cav.) Benth. & Verbes<strong>in</strong>a encelioides var. exauriculata golden crownbeard<br />
Hook. f. ex Gray ssp. exauriculata<br />
(Rob<strong>in</strong>s. & Greenm.) J.R. Coleman<br />
Rob<strong>in</strong>s. & Greenm.; Verbes<strong>in</strong>a exauriculata<br />
(Rob<strong>in</strong>s. & Greenm.) Cockerell; Ximenesia<br />
encelioides Cav. var. exauriculata (Rob<strong>in</strong>s. &<br />
Greenm.) F.C. Gates; Ximenesia exauriculata<br />
(Rob<strong>in</strong>s & Greenm ) Rydb<br />
Vernonia fasciculata Michx.<br />
prairie ironweed<br />
Vernonia glauca (L.) Willd. Serratula glauca L. broad-leaved ironweed<br />
Vernonia missurica Raf.<br />
Missouri ironweed<br />
Vernonia noveboracensis (L.) Michx. Serratula noveboracensis L. New York ironweed<br />
Xanthium sp<strong>in</strong>osum L. Acanthoxanthium sp<strong>in</strong>osum (L.) Fourr.;<br />
Xanthium sp<strong>in</strong>osum var. <strong>in</strong>erme Bel.<br />
Xanthium strumarium L. var. Xanthium canadense P. Mill.; Xanthium<br />
canadense (P. Mill.) Torr. & Gray ech<strong>in</strong>atum Murr.; Xanthium glanduliferum<br />
Greene; Xanthium italicum Moretti; Xanthium<br />
oviforme Wallr.; Xanthium pensylvanicum<br />
Wallr.; Xanthium speciosum Kearney;<br />
Xanthium strumarium var. pensylvanicum<br />
Xanthium strumarium L. var.<br />
glabratum (DC.) Cronq.<br />
Xanthium strumarium L. var.<br />
strumarium<br />
Xerochrysum bracteatum (Vent.)<br />
Tzvelev<br />
Balsam<strong>in</strong>aceae<br />
(Wallr )ME Peck<br />
Xanthium americanum Walt.; Xanthium chasei<br />
Fern.; Xanthium ch<strong>in</strong>ense P. Mill.; Xanthium<br />
curvescens Millsp. & Sherff; Xanthium<br />
cyl<strong>in</strong>draceum Millsp. & Sherff; Xanthium<br />
ech<strong>in</strong>ellum Greene; Xanthium globosum Shull;<br />
Xanthium <strong>in</strong>flexum Mackenzie & Bush;<br />
X thi i t l L<br />
Helichrysum bracteatum (Vent.) Andr.;<br />
Xeran<strong>the</strong>mum bracteatum Vent.<br />
Impatiens capensis Meerb. Impatiens biflora Walt.; Impatiens nolitangere<br />
L. ssp. biflora (Walt.) Hultén;<br />
sp<strong>in</strong>y cocklebur<br />
rough cocklebur<br />
rough cocklebur<br />
rough cocklebur<br />
bracted strawflower<br />
touch-me-not family<br />
spotted touch-me-not<br />
Impatiens nortonii Rydb.<br />
Impatiens glandulifera Royle Impatiens roylei Walp. Himalaya touch-me-not<br />
Impatiens pallida Nutt.<br />
pale touch-me-not<br />
Berberidaceae<br />
barberry family
Berberis aquifolium Pursh Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. holly-leaved Oregon-grape<br />
Berberis koreana Palib<strong>in</strong>.<br />
Korea barberry<br />
Berberis ×ottawensis Schneid. Berberis thunbergii × B. vulgaris<br />
Berberis thunbergii DC.<br />
Japanese barberry<br />
Berberis vulgaris L.<br />
common barberry<br />
Caulophyllum giganteum (Farw.) Caulophyllum thalictroides var. giganteum early blue cohosh<br />
Loconte & Blackwell<br />
Farw.<br />
Caulophyllum thalictroides (L.)<br />
blue cohosh<br />
Michx.<br />
Epimedium ×youngianum Fisch. & Epimedium diphyllum Lodd. × E.<br />
C.A. Mey.<br />
grandiflorum Morr.; Epimedium youngianum<br />
Podophyllum peltatum L.<br />
Betulaceae<br />
Alnus ×fallac<strong>in</strong>a Callier<br />
Alnus glut<strong>in</strong>osa (L.) Gaertn.<br />
Alnus glut<strong>in</strong>osa × A. serrulata<br />
Alnus <strong>in</strong>cana (L.) Moench ssp.<br />
rugosa (Du Roi) Clausen<br />
Alnus serrulata (Ait.) Willd.<br />
Alnus viridis (Vill.) Lam. & DC. ssp.<br />
crispa (Ait.) Turrill<br />
var. niveum Stern<br />
Alnus <strong>in</strong>cana × A. serrulata<br />
Alnus alnus (L.) Britt.; Betula alnus L. var.<br />
glut<strong>in</strong>osa L.<br />
Alnus <strong>in</strong>cana var. americana Regel; Alnus<br />
rugosa (Du Roi) Spreng.; Alnus rugosa (Du<br />
Roi) Spreng. var. americana (Regel) Fern.;<br />
Betula alnus L var rugosa Du Roi<br />
Alnus <strong>in</strong>cana var. serrulata (Ait.) Boiv<strong>in</strong>;<br />
Alnus noveboracensis Britt.; Alnus rugosa (Du<br />
Roi) Spreng. var. serrulata (Ait.) H.J.P. W<strong>in</strong>kl.;<br />
Alnus serrulata var. subelliptica Fern.; Betula<br />
serrulata Ait<br />
Alnus crispa (Ait.) Pursh; Alnus crispa (Ait.)<br />
Pursh var. mollis (Fern.) Fern.; Alnus mollis<br />
Fern.; Alnus viridis var. crispa (Ait.) House;<br />
Betula crispa Ait<br />
Betula alleghaniensis Britt. Betula alleghaniensis var. fallax (Fassett)<br />
Brayshaw; Betula alleghaniensis var.<br />
macrolepis (Fern.) Brayshaw; Betula lutea<br />
Michx. f.; Betula lutea Michx. f. var. fallax<br />
Fassett; Betula lutea Michx. f. var. macrolepis<br />
Fern<br />
Betula ×caerulea Blanch. Betula cordifolia × B. populifolia ; Betula<br />
caerulea -grandis Blanch.<br />
Betula cordifolia Regel<br />
Betula alba L. var. cordifolia (Regel) Regel;<br />
Betula glandulosa Michx.<br />
Betula lenta L.<br />
Betula m<strong>in</strong>or (Tuckerman) Fern.<br />
Betula nigra L.<br />
Betula papyrifera var. cordifolia (Regel) Fern.<br />
Betula papyracea Ait. var. m<strong>in</strong>or Tuckerman;<br />
Betula pubescens ssp. m<strong>in</strong>or (Tuckerman) A. &<br />
D. Löve; Betula saxophila Lepage<br />
May-apple<br />
birch family<br />
European alder<br />
speckled alder<br />
smooth alder<br />
green alder<br />
yellow birch<br />
heart-leaved paper birch<br />
glandular birch<br />
cherry birch<br />
dwarf birch<br />
river birch
Betula papyrifera Marsh.<br />
Betula alba L. var. commutata Regel; Betula<br />
papyrifera var. commutata (Regel) Fern.;<br />
paper birch<br />
Betula papyrifera var. macrostachya Fern.<br />
Betula pendula Roth Betula verrucosa Ehrh. European weep<strong>in</strong>g birch<br />
Betula populifolia Marsh. Betula alba L. var. populifolia (Marsh.) Spach gray birch<br />
Betula pubescens Ehrh. ssp. Betula alba L. var. pubescens (Ehrh.) Spach downy birch<br />
pubescens<br />
Betula pumila L. Betula glandulifera (Regel) Butler; Betula bog birch<br />
glandulosa var. glandulifera (Regel) Gleason;<br />
Betula pumila var. glandulifera Regel; Betula<br />
pumila var renifolia Fern<br />
Betula ×raymundii Lepage Betula populifolia × B. pumila<br />
Betula ×sandbergii Britt. Betula papyrifera × B. pumila<br />
Carp<strong>in</strong>us carol<strong>in</strong>iana Walt. ssp. Carp<strong>in</strong>us betulus L. var. virg<strong>in</strong>iana Marsh.;<br />
virg<strong>in</strong>iana (Marsh.) Furlow<br />
Carp<strong>in</strong>us carol<strong>in</strong>iana var. virg<strong>in</strong>iana (Marsh.)<br />
Fern.; Carp<strong>in</strong>us virg<strong>in</strong>iana (Marsh.) Sudworth<br />
American hornbeam<br />
Corylus americana Walt. Corylus americana var. <strong>in</strong>dehiscens Palmer & American hazelnut<br />
Steyermark<br />
Corylus cornuta Marsh. ssp. cornuta Corylus rostrata Ait. beaked hazelnut<br />
Ostrya virg<strong>in</strong>iana (P. Mill.) K. Koch Carp<strong>in</strong>us virg<strong>in</strong>iana P. Mill.; Ostrya<br />
virg<strong>in</strong>iana var. lasia Fern.<br />
Bignoniaceae<br />
hop-hornbeam<br />
bignonia family<br />
Campsis radicans (L.) Seem. ex Bignonia radicans L.; Tecoma radicans (L.) trumpet-creeper<br />
Bureau<br />
Juss.<br />
Catalpa bignonioides Walt. Catalpa catalpa (L.) Karst. sou<strong>the</strong>rn catalpa<br />
Catalpa ovata G. Don<br />
Ch<strong>in</strong>ese catalpa<br />
Catalpa speciosa (Warder) Warder<br />
nor<strong>the</strong>rn catalpa<br />
ex Engelm.<br />
Borag<strong>in</strong>aceae<br />
borage family<br />
Ams<strong>in</strong>ckia eastwoodiae J.F. Macbr. Ams<strong>in</strong>ckia <strong>in</strong>termedia Fisch. & C.A. Mey. var.<br />
eastwoodiae (J.F. Macbr.) Jepson & Hoover<br />
Ams<strong>in</strong>ckia lycopsoides Lehm. Ams<strong>in</strong>ckia barbata Greene; Benthamia<br />
lycopsoides (Lehm.) L<strong>in</strong>dl. ex Druce<br />
Ams<strong>in</strong>ckia menziesii (Lehm.) A. Nels. Ams<strong>in</strong>ckia ech<strong>in</strong>ata Gray; Ams<strong>in</strong>ckia<br />
& J.F. Macbr. var. <strong>in</strong>termedia (Fischer <strong>in</strong>termedia Fisch. & C.A. Mey.; Ams<strong>in</strong>ckia<br />
& C.A. Mey.) Ganders<br />
<strong>in</strong>termedia Fisch. & C.A. Mey. var. ech<strong>in</strong>ata<br />
Ams<strong>in</strong>ckia menziesii (Lehm.) A. Nels.<br />
& J.F. Macbr. var. menziesii<br />
(Gray) Wigg<strong>in</strong>s<br />
Ams<strong>in</strong>ckia micrantha Suksdorf; Ams<strong>in</strong>ckia<br />
parviflora Heller; Ams<strong>in</strong>ckia rugosa Rydb.;<br />
Eastwood's fiddleneck<br />
bugloss fiddleneck<br />
rancher's fiddleneck<br />
rancher's fiddleneck<br />
Echium menziesii Lehm.<br />
Anchusa arvensis (L.) Bieb. Lycopsis arvensis L. small bugloss<br />
Anchusa azurea P. Mill. Anchusa italica Retz. Italian bugloss<br />
Anchusa offic<strong>in</strong>alis L. Anchusa procera Bess. ex L<strong>in</strong>k common bugloss<br />
Asperugo procumbens L.<br />
madwort<br />
Borago offic<strong>in</strong>alis L.<br />
borage<br />
Buglossoides arvensis (L.) I.M. Lithospermum arvense L. corn-gromwell<br />
Johnston ssp. arvensis
Cryptantha ambigua (Gray) Greene Krynitzkia ambigua Gray bas<strong>in</strong> cat's-eye<br />
Cynoglossum amabile Stapf &<br />
Ch<strong>in</strong>ese hound's-tongue<br />
Drummond<br />
Cynoglossum microgloch<strong>in</strong> Bentham<br />
small-bristled hound's-tongue<br />
Cynoglossum offic<strong>in</strong>ale L.<br />
common hound's-tongue<br />
Cynoglossum virg<strong>in</strong>ianum L. ssp. Cynoglossum boreale Fern.; Cynoglossum wild hound's-tongue<br />
boreale (Fern.) A. Ha<strong>in</strong>es<br />
virg<strong>in</strong>ianum var. boreale (Fern.) Cooperrider<br />
Cynoglossum virg<strong>in</strong>ianum L. var.<br />
wild hound's-tongue<br />
virg<strong>in</strong>ianum<br />
Cynoglottis barrelieri (All.) Veral & Anchusa barrelieri (All.) Vitman; Buglossum false alkanet<br />
Kit Tan<br />
barrelieri All.<br />
Echium creticum L. Echium australe Lam. Cretan viper's-bugloss<br />
Echium plantag<strong>in</strong>eum L.<br />
planta<strong>in</strong> viper's-bugloss<br />
Echium pustulatum Sibthorp & Sm. Echium vulgare var. pustulatum (Sibthorp & pustulose viper's-bugloss<br />
Sm.) Co<strong>in</strong>cy<br />
Echium vulgare L.<br />
common viper's-bugloss<br />
Ellisia nyctelea (L.) L. Nyctelea nyctelea (L.) Britt. Aunt Lucy<br />
Hackelia deflexa (Wahlenb.) Opiz Hackelia americana (Gray) Fern; Hackelia nodd<strong>in</strong>g stickseed<br />
ssp. americana (Gray) A. & D. Löve deflexa var. americana (Gray) Fern. & I.M.<br />
Johnston; Lappula americana (Gray) Rydb.;<br />
Lappula deflexa (Gray) Rydb. ssp. americana<br />
(Gray) Hultén; Lappula deflexa var. americana<br />
(Gray) Greene<br />
Hackelia virg<strong>in</strong>iana (L.) I.M. Lappula virg<strong>in</strong>iana (L.) Greene; Myosotis Virg<strong>in</strong>ia stickseed<br />
Johnston<br />
virg<strong>in</strong>iana L.<br />
Heliotropium amplexicaule Vahl Cochranea anchusifolia (Poir.) Guerke; clasp<strong>in</strong>g heliotrope<br />
Heliotropium anchusifolium Poir.<br />
Heliotropium curassavicum L. var.<br />
seaside heliotrope<br />
curassavicum<br />
Heliotropium europaeum L.<br />
European heliotrope<br />
Heliotropium <strong>in</strong>dicum L. Tiaridium <strong>in</strong>dicum (L.) Lehm. Indian heliotrope<br />
Hydrophyllum canadense L.<br />
blunt-leaved waterleaf<br />
Hydrophyllum virg<strong>in</strong>ianum L.<br />
eastern waterleaf<br />
Lappula occidentalis (S. Wats.)<br />
Greene var. occidentalis<br />
Lappula ech<strong>in</strong>ata Gilib. var. occidentalis (S.<br />
Wats.) Boiv<strong>in</strong>; Lappula redowskii , of authors<br />
not (Hornem.) Greene; Lappula redowskii<br />
(Hornem.) Greene var. occidentalis (S. Wats.)<br />
flat-sp<strong>in</strong>ed sheepburr<br />
Rydb<br />
Lappula squarrosa (Retz.) Dumort. Ech<strong>in</strong>ospermum lappula (L.) Lehm.; Lappula<br />
ech<strong>in</strong>ata Gilib.; Lappula lappula (L.) Karst.;<br />
Lithospermum occidentale<br />
(Mackenzie) Weakley, Witsell, & D.<br />
Estes<br />
Lappula squarrosa var. erecta (A. Nels.) Dorn<br />
Onosmodium bejariense DC. ex A. DC. var.<br />
occidentale (Mackenzie) B.L. Turner;<br />
Onosmodium molle Michx. ssp. occidentale<br />
(Mackenzie) Cochrane; Onosmodium molle<br />
Michx. var. occidentale (Mackenzie) I.M.<br />
Johnston; Onosmodium occidentale Mackenzie<br />
bristly sheepburr<br />
western gromwell
Lithospermum offic<strong>in</strong>ale L.<br />
European gromwell<br />
Lithospermum virg<strong>in</strong>ianum L. Onosmodium virg<strong>in</strong>ianum (L.) DC.;<br />
eastern gromwell<br />
Onosmodium virg<strong>in</strong>ianum var. hirsutum<br />
Mackenzie<br />
Mertensia maritima (L.) S.F. Gray Pneumaria maritima (L.) Hill seaside bluebells<br />
var. maritima<br />
Mertensia virg<strong>in</strong>ica (L.) Pers. ex L<strong>in</strong>k<br />
eastern bluebells<br />
Myosotis arvensis (L.) Hill Myosotis scorpioides var. arvensis L. field forget-me-not<br />
Myosotis discolor Pers. Myosotis versicolor (Pers.) Sm. yellow-and-blue forget-me-not<br />
Myosotis laxa Lehm.<br />
smaller forget-me-not<br />
Myosotis scorpioides L. Myosotis palustris (L.) Hill water forget-me-not<br />
Myosotis stricta L<strong>in</strong>k ex Roemer & Myosotis micrantha , of authors not Pallas ex blue forget-me-not<br />
J.A. Schultes<br />
Lehm.<br />
Myosotis sylvatica Ehrh. ex<br />
woodland forget-me-not<br />
Hoffmann<br />
Myosotis verna Nutt. Myosotis virg<strong>in</strong>ica , of authors not (L.) B.S.P. spr<strong>in</strong>g forget-me-not<br />
Nonea rosea (Bieb.) L<strong>in</strong>k<br />
rose monk's-wort<br />
Phacelia brachyloba (Benth.) Gray<br />
yellow-throated scorpion-weed<br />
Phacelia distans Benth. Phacelia c<strong>in</strong>erea Eastw. ex J.F. Macbr. distant scorpion-weed<br />
Phacelia egena (Greene ex Brand) Phacelia magellanica (Lam.) Coville, <strong>in</strong> part rock scorpion-weed<br />
Greene ex J.T. Howell<br />
Phacelia l<strong>in</strong>earis (Pursh) Holz. Hydrophyllum l<strong>in</strong>area Pursh thread-leaved scorpion-weed<br />
Phacelia m<strong>in</strong>or (Harvey) Thellung ex Phacelia whitlavia Gray wild scorpion-weed<br />
F. Zimmerman<br />
Phacelia purshii Buckl.<br />
purple scorpion-weed<br />
Phacelia tanacetifolia Benth.<br />
lacy scorpion-weed<br />
Phacelia viscida (Benth. ex L<strong>in</strong>dl.)<br />
tacky scorpion-weed<br />
Torr.<br />
Plagiobothrys reticulatus (Piper) I.M. Allocarya californica (Fisch. & C.A. Mey.) netted popcorn-flower<br />
Johnston<br />
Greene; Allocarya reticulata Piper; Krynitzkia<br />
californica Gray; Myosotis californica Fisch.<br />
&CA Mey<br />
Plagiobothrys trachycarpus (Gray) Allocarya trachycarpa (Gray) Greene rough-fruited popcorn-flower<br />
I.M. Johnston<br />
Pulmonaria saccharata P. Mill.<br />
Bethlehem lungwort<br />
Symphytum asperum Lepech<strong>in</strong> Symphytum asperrimum Donn ex Sims prickly comfrey<br />
Symphytum offic<strong>in</strong>ale L. Symphytum offic<strong>in</strong>ale ssp. ulig<strong>in</strong>osum (Kern.) common comfrey<br />
Nyman; Symphytum tanaicense Steven;<br />
Symphytum ulig<strong>in</strong>osum Kern.<br />
Symphytum tuberosum L.<br />
Symphytum ×uplandicum Nyman Symphytum asperum × S. offic<strong>in</strong>ale<br />
Brassicaceae<br />
Alliaria petiolata<br />
Grande<br />
(Bieb.) Cavara &<br />
Alliaria alliaria (L.) Britt.; Alliaria offic<strong>in</strong>alis<br />
Andrz. ex Bieb.; Erysimum alliaria L.;<br />
tuberous comfrey<br />
mustard family<br />
garlic-mustard<br />
Sisymbrium alliaria (L.) Scop.<br />
Alyssum alyssoides (L.) L. Alyssum calyc<strong>in</strong>um L.; Clypeola alyssoides L. pale alyssum<br />
Arabidopsis lyrata (L.) O'Kane & Al- Arabis lyrata L.; Arabis lyrata L. var. glabra lyre-leaved thale-cress<br />
Shehbaz ssp. lyrata<br />
(DC.) M. Hopk<strong>in</strong>s
Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. Arabis thaliana L.; Sisymbrium thalianum (L.) mouse-ear thale-cress<br />
J. Gay & Monn.<br />
Arabis procurrens Waldst. & Kit.<br />
runn<strong>in</strong>g eared-rockcress<br />
Arabis pycnocarpa M. Hopk<strong>in</strong>s var. Arabis hirsuta (L.) Scop. ssp. pycnocarpa (M. hairy eared-rockcress<br />
pycnocarpa<br />
Hopk<strong>in</strong>s) Hultén; Arabis hirsuta (L.) Scop. var.<br />
pycnocarpa (M. Hopk<strong>in</strong>s) Roll<strong>in</strong>s; Turritis<br />
Armoracia rusticana P.G. Gaertn., B.<br />
Mey., & Scherb.<br />
oblongata Raf<br />
Armoracia armoracia (L.) Britt.; Armoracia<br />
lapathifolia Gilib.; Cochlearia armoracia L.;<br />
Radicula armoracia (L.) B.L. Rob<strong>in</strong>s.; Rorippa<br />
armoracia (L ) A Hitchc<br />
Aur<strong>in</strong>ia saxatilis (L.) Desv. Aethionema saxatile (L.) R. Br.; Alyssum<br />
saxatile L.<br />
Barbarea orthoceras Ledeb. Barbarea americana Rydb.; Barbarea<br />
orthoceras var. dolichocarpa Fern.; Campe<br />
orthoceras (Ledeb.) A.A. Heller<br />
Barbarea stricta Andrz.<br />
Barbarea verna (P. Mill.) Aschers. Campe verna (P. Mill.) Heller; Erysimum<br />
vernum P. Mill.<br />
Barbarea vulgaris Ait. f. Barbarea arcuata (Opiz ex J. & K. Presl)<br />
Reichenb.; Barbarea stricta , of authors not<br />
Andrz.; Barbarea vulgaris var. arcuata (Opiz<br />
ex J. & K. Presl) Fries; Campe barbarea (L.) W.<br />
Wight ex Piper; Campe stricta , of authors not<br />
(Andrz.) W. Wight ex Piper; Erysimum<br />
horse-radish<br />
rock goldentuft<br />
American yellow-rocket<br />
upright yellow-rocket<br />
early yellow-rocket<br />
garden yellow-rocket<br />
b b L<br />
Berteroa <strong>in</strong>cana (L.) DC. Alyssum <strong>in</strong>canum L. hoary false alyssum<br />
Berteroa mutabilis (Vent.) DC. Alyssum mutabile Vent. roadside false alyssum<br />
Boechera canadensis (L.) Al-Shehbaz Arabis canadensis L.; Arabis falcata Michx. sicklepod rockcress<br />
Boechera grahamii (Lehmann)<br />
W<strong>in</strong>dham & Al-Shehbaz<br />
Boechera laevigata (Muhl. ex Willd.)<br />
Al-Shehbaz<br />
Boechera missouriensis (Greene) Al-<br />
Shehbaz<br />
Boechera stricta (Graham) Al-<br />
Shehbaz<br />
Arabis brachycarpa (Torr. & Gray) Britt.;<br />
Arabis drummondii Gray var. brachycarpa<br />
(Torr. & Gray) Gray; Arabis holboellii Hornem.<br />
var. brachycarpa (Torr. & Gray) Welsh;<br />
Boechera brachycarpa (Torr. & Gray) Dorn;<br />
Turritis grahamii Lehmann<br />
Arabis laevigata (Muhl. ex Willd.) Poir.;<br />
Turritis laevigata Muhl. ex Willd.<br />
Arabis laevigata (Muhl. ex Willd.) Poir. var.<br />
missouriensis (Greene) Ahles; Arabis<br />
missouriensis Greene; Arabis viridis Harger<br />
Arabis drummondii Gray; Boechera<br />
drummondii (Gray) A. & D. Löve; Turritis<br />
drummondii (Gray) Lunell; Turritis stricta<br />
Graham's rockcress<br />
smooth rockcress<br />
green rockcress<br />
Canada rockcress<br />
Graham<br />
Brassica juncea (L.) Czern.<br />
Brassica juncea var. crispifolia Bailey; S<strong>in</strong>apis j Ch<strong>in</strong>ese mustard<br />
Brassica napus L.<br />
turnip<br />
Brassica nigra (L.) W.D.J. Koch S<strong>in</strong>apis nigra L. black mustard
Brassica oleracea L. Brassica oleracea var. acephala DC.; Brassica<br />
oleracea var. capitata L.<br />
Brassica rapa L. Brassica campestris L.; Brassica campestris<br />
L. var. rapa (L.) Hartman; Brassica rapa ssp.<br />
campestris (L.) Clapham; Brassica rapa var.<br />
campestris (L.) W.D.J. Koch; Brassica rapa<br />
Braya humilis (C.A. Mey.) B.L.<br />
Rob<strong>in</strong>s. ssp. humilis<br />
Bunias orientalis L.<br />
Cakile edentula (Bigelow) Hook. ssp.<br />
edentula var. edentula<br />
Camel<strong>in</strong>a microcarpa Andrz. ex DC.<br />
Camel<strong>in</strong>a sativa (L.) Crantz ssp.<br />
sativa<br />
ssp olifera DC<br />
Arabidopsis novae-angliae (Rydb.) Britt.;<br />
Braya humilis var. leiocarpa (Trautv.) Fern.;<br />
Braya humilis var. novae-angliae (Rydb.)<br />
Fern.; Braya novae-angliae (Rydb.) Sørensen;<br />
Neotorularia humilis (C.A. Mey.) Hedge & J.<br />
Léonard; Pilosella novae-angliae Rydb.;<br />
Sisymbrium humile C.A. Mey.; Torularia<br />
h ili (CA M )OE S h l<br />
Bunias edentula Bigelow; Cakile americana<br />
Nutt.; Cakile lanceolata (Willd.) O.E. Schulz<br />
ssp. edentula (Bigelow) O.E. Schulz; Cakile<br />
cabbage<br />
rape<br />
alp<strong>in</strong>e nor<strong>the</strong>rn-rockcress<br />
Turkish warty-cabbage<br />
American sea-rocket<br />
maritima L var americana (Nutt ) Torr<br />
Camel<strong>in</strong>a sativa spp. microcarpa (Andrz. ex small-seeded false flax<br />
DC.) Schmid<br />
Myagrum sativum L. large-seeded false flax<br />
Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik. Bursa bursa-pastoris (L.) Britt.; Capsella<br />
rubella Reut.; Thlaspi bursa-pastoris L.<br />
Cardam<strong>in</strong>e bellidifolia L. var.<br />
bellidifolia<br />
Cardam<strong>in</strong>e bulbosa (Schreb. ex Arabis bulbosa Schreb. ex Muhl.; Arabis<br />
Muhl.) B.S.P.<br />
rhomboidea Pers.; Cardam<strong>in</strong>e rhomboidea<br />
(Pers.) DC.<br />
Cardam<strong>in</strong>e concatenata (Michx.) Sw. Cardam<strong>in</strong>e lac<strong>in</strong>iata (Muhl. ex Willd.) Wood;<br />
Dentaria concatenata Michx.; Dentaria<br />
lac<strong>in</strong>iata Muhl. ex Willd.<br />
Cardam<strong>in</strong>e dentata Schult. Cardam<strong>in</strong>e palustris (Wimmer & Grab.)<br />
Peterm.; Cardam<strong>in</strong>e pratensis ssp. paludosa<br />
(Knaf) Čelak.; Cardam<strong>in</strong>e pratensis ssp.<br />
palustris (Wimmer & Grab.) Clausen;<br />
Cardam<strong>in</strong>e pratensis var. palustris Wimmer &<br />
Grab<br />
Cardam<strong>in</strong>e diphylla (Michx.) Wood Dentaria diphylla Michx.; Dentaria <strong>in</strong>cisa<br />
Small<br />
Cardam<strong>in</strong>e douglassii Britt. Arabis douglassii Torr. <strong>in</strong> Torr. & Gray;<br />
Cardam<strong>in</strong>e rhomboidea (Pers.) DC. forma<br />
purpurea (Torr.) O.E. Schulz<br />
Cardam<strong>in</strong>e flexuosa With. Cardam<strong>in</strong>e hirsuta ssp. flexuosa (With.)<br />
Forbes & Hemsl.; Cardam<strong>in</strong>e sylvatica L<strong>in</strong>k<br />
Cardam<strong>in</strong>e hirsuta L.<br />
Cardam<strong>in</strong>e impatiens L.<br />
shepherd's-purse<br />
alp<strong>in</strong>e bitter-cress<br />
bulbous bitter-cress<br />
cut-leaved toothwort<br />
white cuckoo bitter-cress<br />
two-leaved toothwort<br />
p<strong>in</strong>k bitter-cress<br />
wavy bitter-cress<br />
hairy bitter-cress<br />
narrow-leaved bitter-cress
Cardam<strong>in</strong>e <strong>in</strong>cisa (Eames) Schumann Dentaria <strong>in</strong>cisa Eames; Dentaria <strong>in</strong>cisifolia Eames' toothwort<br />
Eames ex Britt.<br />
Cardam<strong>in</strong>e longii Fern.<br />
Long's bitter-cress<br />
Cardam<strong>in</strong>e maxima (Nutt.) Wood Dentaria maxima Nutt. large toothwort<br />
Cardam<strong>in</strong>e parviflora L. var. Cardam<strong>in</strong>e arenicola Britt.; Cardam<strong>in</strong>e small-flowered bitter-cress<br />
arenicola (Britt.) O.E. Schulz flexuosa var. gracilis O.E. Schulz<br />
Cardam<strong>in</strong>e pensylvanica Muhl. ex Cardam<strong>in</strong>e flexuosa ssp. pensylvanica (Muhl. Pennsylvania bitter-cress<br />
Willd.<br />
ex Willd.) O.E. Schulz; Cardam<strong>in</strong>e<br />
pensylvanica var. brittoniana Farw.;<br />
Dracam<strong>in</strong>e pensylvanica (Muhl. ex Willd.)<br />
Nieuwl<br />
Cardam<strong>in</strong>e pratensis L. Dracam<strong>in</strong>e pratensis (L.) Nieuwl. p<strong>in</strong>k cuckoo bitter-cress<br />
Chorispora tenella (Pallas) DC. Chorispermum tenellum (Pallas) R. Br.; crossflower<br />
Raphanus tenellus Pallas<br />
Conr<strong>in</strong>gia orientalis (L.) Dumort. Brassica orientalis L. hare's-ear-mustard<br />
Descura<strong>in</strong>ia <strong>in</strong>cana (Bernh. ex Descura<strong>in</strong>ia richardsonii (Sweet) O.E. Schulz; mounta<strong>in</strong> tansy-mustard<br />
Fisch. & C.A. Mey.) Dorn<br />
Sisymbrium <strong>in</strong>canum Bernh. ex Fisch. & C.A.<br />
Mey.; Sophia richardsonii (Sweet) Rydb.<br />
Descura<strong>in</strong>ia p<strong>in</strong>nata (Walt.) Britt. Descura<strong>in</strong>ia brachycarpa (Richards.) O.E. western tansy-mustard<br />
ssp. brachycarpa (Richards.) Detl<strong>in</strong>g Schulz; Descura<strong>in</strong>ia p<strong>in</strong>nata var. brachycarpa<br />
(Richards.) Fern.; Sisymbrium brachycarpum<br />
Richards.; Sophia brachycarpa (Richards.)<br />
Rydb<br />
Descura<strong>in</strong>ia sophia (L.) Webb ex Sisymbrium sophia L.; Sophia sophia (L.) f<strong>in</strong>e-leaved tansy-mustard<br />
Prantl<br />
Britt.<br />
Diplotaxis muralis (L.) DC. Sisymbrium murale L.; S<strong>in</strong>apis muralis (L.) R. annual wall-rocket<br />
Br.<br />
Diplotaxis tenuifolia (L.) DC. Sisymbrium tenuifolium L. perennial wall-rocket<br />
Draba arabisans Michx. Draba <strong>in</strong>cana L. var. arabisans (Michx.) S. rock whitlow-mustard<br />
Wats.<br />
Draba cana Rydb.<br />
Draba breweri S. Wats. var. cana (Rydb.) canescent whitlow-mustard<br />
Roll<strong>in</strong>s; Draba lanceolata , of authors<br />
not Royle<br />
Draba glabella Pursh Draba arabisans var. canadensis (Burnet) smooth whitlow-mustard<br />
Fern. & Knowlt.; Draba canadensis Burnet;<br />
Draba reptans (Lam.) Fern.<br />
Draba daurica DC.; Draba glabella var.<br />
megasperma (Fern. & Knowlt.) Fern.; Draba<br />
glabella var. orthocarpa (Fern. & Knowlt.)<br />
Fern ; Draba megasperma Fern & Knowlt<br />
Arabis reptans Lam.; Draba carol<strong>in</strong>iana Carol<strong>in</strong>a whitlow-mustard<br />
Walt.; Draba micrantha Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray;<br />
Draba reptans var. micrantha (Nutt. ex Torr. &<br />
Gray) Fern ; Draba umbellata Muhl<br />
Draba verna L.<br />
Draba verna var. aestivalis Lej.; Draba verna spr<strong>in</strong>g whitlow-mustard<br />
var. boerhaavii van Hall; Erophila verna (L.)<br />
Bess.; Erophila verna (L.) Bess. ssp. praecox<br />
(Stev )SM Walters<br />
Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav. ssp. sativa<br />
(P. Mill.) Thelung<br />
Brassica eruca L.; Eruca sativa P. Mill. garden-rocket
Erucastrum gallicum (Willd.) O.E.<br />
Schulz<br />
Erysimum capitatum (Dougl. ex<br />
Hook.) Greene var. capitatum<br />
Brassica erucastrum L.; Sisymbrium gallicum<br />
Willd.<br />
Cheiranthus capitatus Dougl. ex Hook.;<br />
Erysimum arkansanum Nutt; Erysimum<br />
asperum (Nutt.) DC. var. purshii Dur.;<br />
common dog-mustard<br />
sand-dune wallflower<br />
Erysimum capitatum var purshii (Dur )<br />
Erysimum cheiranthoides L. Cheir<strong>in</strong>ia cheiranthoides (L.) L<strong>in</strong>k wormseed wallflower<br />
Erysimum hieraciifolium L. Erysimum strictum P.G. Gaertn., B. Mey., & European wallflower<br />
Scherb.<br />
Erysimum <strong>in</strong>conspicuum (S. Wats.) Cheir<strong>in</strong>ia <strong>in</strong>conspicua (S. Wats.) Britt.; shy wallflower<br />
MacM. var. <strong>in</strong>conspicuum<br />
Erysimum parviflorum Nutt.<br />
Erysimum odoratum Ehrh. Erysimum pannonicum Crantz fragrant wallflower<br />
Erysimum repandum L. Cheir<strong>in</strong>ia repanda (L.) L<strong>in</strong>k spread<strong>in</strong>g wallflower<br />
Euclidium syriacum (L.) Ait. f. Anastatica syriaca L. Syrian-mustard<br />
Hesperis matronalis L.<br />
dame's-rocket<br />
Iberis amara L.<br />
rocket candytuft<br />
Iberis sempervirens L.<br />
edg<strong>in</strong>g candytuft<br />
Iberis umbellata L.<br />
globe candytuft<br />
Lepidium campestre (L.) Ait. f. Neolepia campestris (L.) W.A. Weber; Thlaspi field pepperweed<br />
campestre L.<br />
Lepidium densiflorum Schrad. var. Lepidium densiflorum var. typicum Thellung; prairie pepperweed<br />
densiflorum<br />
Lepidium neglectum Thellung<br />
Lepidium didymum L.<br />
Carara didyma (L.) Britt. <strong>in</strong> Britt. & Brown; lesser sw<strong>in</strong>e-cress<br />
Coronopus didymus (L.) Sm.; Senebiera<br />
didyma (L.) Pers.<br />
Lepidium draba L. Cardaria draba (L.) Desv. heart-podded pepperweed<br />
Lepidium heterophyllum Benth.<br />
variable-leaved pepperweed<br />
Lepidium latifolium L. Cardaria latifolia (L.) Spach broad-leaved pepperweed<br />
Lepidium perfoliatum L.<br />
clasp<strong>in</strong>g pepperweed<br />
Lepidium ruderale L.<br />
st<strong>in</strong>k<strong>in</strong>g pepperweed<br />
Lepidium sativum L.<br />
garden pepperweed<br />
Lepidium squamatum Forsk. Carara coronopus (L.) Medik.; Cochlearia greater sw<strong>in</strong>e-cress<br />
coronopus L.; Coronopus squamatus<br />
(Forsk.) Aschers.<br />
Lepidium virg<strong>in</strong>icum L. var.<br />
Lepidium virg<strong>in</strong>icum ssp. eu-virg<strong>in</strong>icum poor-man's pepperweed<br />
virg<strong>in</strong>icum<br />
Thellung<br />
Lobularia maritima (L.) Desv. Alyssum maritimum (L.) Lam.; Clypeola sweet-alyssum<br />
maritima L.; Koniga maritima (L.) R. Br.<br />
Lunaria annua L.<br />
annual honesty<br />
Nasturtium microphyllum Boenn. ex Nasturtium offic<strong>in</strong>ale var. microphyllum one-rowed water-cress<br />
Reichenb.<br />
(Boenn. ex Reichenb.) Thellung; Rorippa<br />
microphylla (Boenn. ex Reichenb.) Hyl. ex A. &<br />
D Löve<br />
Nasturtium offic<strong>in</strong>ale Ait. f. Baeumerta nasturtium-aquaticum (L.) Hayek;<br />
Rorippa nasturtium -aquaticum (L.) Hayek;<br />
two-rowed water-cress<br />
Sisymbrium nasturtium -aquaticum L.<br />
Nasturtium ×sterile (Airy-Shaw) Nasturtium microphyllum × N. offic<strong>in</strong>ale<br />
Oelef.<br />
Neslia paniculata (L.) Desv. Myagrum paniculatum L. yellow ball-mustard
Raphanus raphanistrum L. ssp.<br />
wild radish<br />
raphanistrum<br />
Raphanus sativus L. Raphanus raphanistrum var. sativus (L.) G. cultivated radish<br />
Beck<br />
Rapistrum rugosum (L.) All. ssp. Myagrum rugosum L. annual bastard-cabbage<br />
rugosum<br />
Rorippa amphibia (L.) Bess. Armoracia amphibia (L.) Peterm.; Nasturtium great yellow-cress<br />
amphibium (L.) Ait. f.; Radicula amphibia (L.)<br />
Druce; Sisymbrium amphibium L.<br />
Rorippa aquatica (Eat.) Palmer & Armoracia aquatica (Eat.) Wieg.; Armoracia lake yellow-cress<br />
Steyermark<br />
lacustris (Gray) Al-Shehbaz & Bates;<br />
Nasturtium lacustre Gray; Neobeckia aquatica<br />
(Eat.) Greene; Rorippa americana (Gray) Britt.<br />
Rorippa austriaca (Crantz) Bess. Nasturtium austriacum Crantz Austrian yellow-cress<br />
Rorippa globosa (Turcz. ex Fisch. & Nasturtium globosum Turcz. ex Fisch. & C.A. globe yellow-cress<br />
C.A. Mey.) Hayek<br />
Mey.<br />
Rorippa palustris (L.) Bess. var. Nasturtium palustre (L.) DC. var. hispidum common yellow-cress<br />
hispida (Desv.) Rydb.<br />
(Desv.) Gray; Radicula hispida (Desv.) Britt.;<br />
Rorippa hispida (Desv.) Britt.; Rorippa<br />
islandica (Oeder ex Murr.) Borbás var. hispida<br />
(Desv.) Butters & Abbe; Rorippa palustris ssp.<br />
Rorippa palustris<br />
palustris<br />
(L.) Bess. var.<br />
Rorippa ×prostrata (Bergeret)<br />
Sch<strong>in</strong>z & Thellung<br />
Rorippa sessiliflora (Nutt. ex Torr.<br />
& Gray) A.S. Hitchc.<br />
hispida (Desv ) Jonsell<br />
Radicula palustris (L.) Moench; Rorippa<br />
hispida (Desv.) Britt. var. glabrata Lunell;<br />
Rorippa islandica (Oeder ex Murr.) Borbás ssp.<br />
fernaldiana (Butters & Abbe) Hultén; Rorippa<br />
islandica (Oeder ex Murr.) Borbás var.<br />
fernaldiana Butters & Abbe; Rorippa<br />
islandica (Oeder ex Murr.) Borbás var. glabra<br />
(O.E. Schulz) Welsh & Reveal; Rorippa<br />
islandica (Oeder ex Murr.) Borbás var. glabrata<br />
(Lunell) Butters & Abbe; Rorippa islandica<br />
(Oeder ex Murr.) Borbás var. microcarpa<br />
(Regel) Fern.; Rorippa palustris ssp.<br />
fernaldiana (Butters & Abbe) Jonsell; Rorippa<br />
palustris var. fernaldiana (Butters & Abbe) R.<br />
Stuckey; Rorippa palustris ssp. glabra<br />
(Butters & Abbe) R. Stuckey; Rorippa palustris<br />
var. glabra (O.E. Schulz) R. Stuckey; Rorippa<br />
palustris var. glabrata (Lunell) R. Stuckey;<br />
Rorippa palustris var williamsii (Britt )<br />
Rorippa amphibia × R. sylvestris<br />
common yellow-cress<br />
Nasturtium sessiliflorum Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray; stalkless yellow-cress<br />
Radicula sessiliflora (Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray)<br />
Greene
Rorippa sylvestris (L.) Bess. Nasturtium sylvestre (L.) R. Br.; Radicula<br />
creep<strong>in</strong>g yellow-cress<br />
sylvestris (L.) Druce; Sisymbrium sylvestre L.<br />
S<strong>in</strong>apis alba L. Brassica alba Rabenh.; Brassica hirta Moench white charlock<br />
S<strong>in</strong>apis arvensis L. Brassica arvensis Rabenh.; Brassica kaber<br />
(DC.) L.C. Wheeler; Brassica kaber (DC.) L.C.<br />
Wheeler var. p<strong>in</strong>natifida (Stokes) L.C. Wheeler<br />
Sisymbrium altissimum L. Hesperis altissima (L.) Kuntze; Norta<br />
altissima (L.) Britt.<br />
Sisymbrium irio L. Descura<strong>in</strong>ia irio (L.) Webb & Berth.;<br />
Erysimum irio (L.) Farw.; Norta irio (L.) Britt.<br />
Sisymbrium loeselii L. Erysimum loeselii (L.) Farw.; Hesperis loeselii<br />
(L.) Kuntze; Norta loeselii (L.) Rydb.; Turritis<br />
loeselii (L.) R. Br.<br />
Sisymbrium offic<strong>in</strong>ale (L.) Scop. Erysimum offic<strong>in</strong>ale L.; Sisymbrium offic<strong>in</strong>ale<br />
var. leiocarpum DC.<br />
Sisymbrium orientale L.<br />
Brassica kaber (DC.) L.C. Wheeler var.<br />
orientalis (L.) Scoggan; Sisymbrium columnae<br />
corn charlock<br />
tumbl<strong>in</strong>g hedge-mustard<br />
London hedge-mustard<br />
tall hedge-mustard<br />
common hedge-mustard<br />
Indian hedge-mustard<br />
Jacq.<br />
Subularia aquatica L. ssp. americana Subularia aquatica var. americana (Mulligan American water-awlwort<br />
Mulligan & Calder<br />
& Calder) Boiv<strong>in</strong><br />
Teesdalia nudicaulis (L.) Ait. f. Iberis nudicaulis L. common shepherd's-cress<br />
Thlaspi arvense L. Teruncius arvensis (L.) Lunnell field penny-cress<br />
Tropidocarpum gracile Hook. Tropidocarpum dubium A. Davids.;<br />
Dobie-pod<br />
Tropidocarpum gracile var. dubium (A.<br />
Davids.) Jepson<br />
Turritis glabra L. Arabis glabra (L.) Bernh. tower-mustard<br />
Buxaceae<br />
boxwood family<br />
Pachysandra term<strong>in</strong>alis Sieb. & Zucc.<br />
Cactaceae<br />
Opuntia humifusa (Raf.) Raf. Cactus humifusus Raf.; Opuntia ammophila<br />
Small; Opuntia calcicola Wherry; Opuntia<br />
Campanulaceae<br />
compressa J.F. Macbr.<br />
Campanula apar<strong>in</strong>oides Pursh Campanula apar<strong>in</strong>oides var. grandiflora<br />
Holz.; Campanula apar<strong>in</strong>oides var. ulig<strong>in</strong>osa<br />
Japanese mounta<strong>in</strong>-spurge<br />
cactus family<br />
eastern prickly-pear<br />
bellflower family<br />
marsh bellflower<br />
(Rydb.) Gleason; Campanula ulig<strong>in</strong>osa Rydb.<br />
Campanula carpatica Jacq.<br />
tussock bellflower<br />
Campanula divaricata Michx. Campanula flexuosa Michx. sou<strong>the</strong>rn bellflower<br />
Campanulaglomerata L.<br />
clustered bellflower<br />
Campanula lanata Friv.<br />
woolly bellflower<br />
Campanula latifolia L.<br />
giant bellflower<br />
Campanula patula L.<br />
spread<strong>in</strong>g bellflower<br />
Campanula persicifolia L. Campanula persicifolia var. alba Horton peach-leaved bellflower<br />
Campanula punctata Lam.<br />
spotted bellflower<br />
Campanula rapunculoides L.<br />
creep<strong>in</strong>g bellflower<br />
Campanula rotundifolia L.<br />
Scotch bellflower<br />
Campanula trachelium L.<br />
nettle-leaved bellflower
Gadellia lactiflora (Bieb.) Schulk<strong>in</strong>a Campanula lactiflora Bieb. milky-bellflower<br />
Jasione montana L.<br />
Lobelia card<strong>in</strong>alis L.<br />
Lobelia dortmanna L.<br />
Lobelia <strong>in</strong>flata L.<br />
Lobelia kalmii L.<br />
Lobelia kalmii var. strictiflora Rydb.; Lobelia<br />
sheepbit<br />
red lobelia<br />
water lobelia<br />
bladder-pod lobelia<br />
brook lobelia<br />
Cannabaceae<br />
perfoliata (L.) A. DC.<br />
Cannabis sativa L.<br />
Cannabis sativa ssp. <strong>in</strong>dica (Lam.) E. Small &<br />
Cronq.<br />
Celtis occidentalis L. Celtis occidentalis var. can<strong>in</strong>a (Raf.) Sarg.;<br />
Celtis occidentalis var. pumila (Pursh) Gray<br />
Humulus japonicus Sieb. & Zucc.<br />
Humulus lupulus L. ssp. americanus Humulus americanus Nutt.; Humulus lupulus<br />
(Nutt.) A. & D. Löve<br />
var. lupuloides E. Small<br />
Humulus lupulus L. ssp. lupulus<br />
Caprifoliaceae<br />
strictiflora (Rydb.) Lunell<br />
Lobelia siphilitica L. var. siphilitica great lobelia<br />
Lobelia spicata Lam. var.<br />
pale-spiked lobelia<br />
campanulata McVaugh<br />
Lobelia spicata Lam. var. hirtella Lobelia hirtella (Gray) Greene<br />
pale-spiked lobelia<br />
Gray<br />
Lobelia spicata Lam. var. spicata Lobelia bracteata Small; Lobelia spicata var. pale-spiked lobelia<br />
orig<strong>in</strong>alis McVaugh<br />
Triodanis perfoliata (L.) Nieuwl. Legousia perfoliata (L.) Britt.; Specularia clasp<strong>in</strong>g-leaved Venus'-look<strong>in</strong>gglass<br />
hemp family<br />
hemp<br />
common hackberry<br />
Japanese hop<br />
common hop<br />
common hop<br />
honeysuckle family<br />
Cephalaria gigantea (Ledeb.) Bobrov Scabiosa gigantea Ledeb. yellow giant-scabious<br />
Diervilla lonicera P. Mill. Diervilla diervilla (L.) MacM.; Diervilla bush-honeysuckle<br />
lonicera var. hypomalaca Fern.<br />
Dipsacus fullonum L. Dipsacus fullonum ssp. sylvestris (Huds.) fuller's teasel<br />
Clapham; Dipsacus sylvestris Huds.<br />
Dipsacus lac<strong>in</strong>iatus L. cut-leaved teasel<br />
Knautia arvensis (L.) Coult. Scabiosa arvensis L. bluebuttons<br />
Kolkwitzia amabilis Graebn. beautybush<br />
L<strong>in</strong>naea borealis L. ssp. americana L<strong>in</strong>naea americana Forbes; L<strong>in</strong>naea borealis American tw<strong>in</strong>flower<br />
(Forbes) Hultén ex Clausen<br />
var. americana (Forbes) Rehd.<br />
Lonicera ×bella Zabel<br />
Lonicera morrowii × L. tatarica<br />
Lonicera canadensis Bartr. ex Xylosteum ciliatum Pursh American honeysuckle<br />
Marsh.<br />
Lonicera dioica L.<br />
Lonicera dioica var. glaucescens (Rydb.) wild honeysuckle<br />
Butters; Lonicera glaucescens (Rydb.) Rydb.<br />
Lonicera hirsuta Eat. Lonicera hirsuta var. <strong>in</strong>terior Gleason hairy honeysuckle<br />
Lonicera japonica Thunb. N<strong>in</strong>tooa japonica (Thunb.) Sweet Japanese honeysuckle<br />
Lonicera maackii (Rupr.) Herder<br />
Amur honeysuckle<br />
Lonicera morrowii Gray<br />
Morrow's honeysuckle<br />
Lonicera oblongifolia (Goldie) Lonicera oblongifolia var. altissima (Jenn<strong>in</strong>gs) swamp honeysuckle<br />
Hook.<br />
Rehd.
Lonicera periclymenum L.<br />
Lonicera reticulata Raf. Lonicera prolifera (Kirchn.) Booth ex Rehd.;<br />
Lonicera prolifera (Kirchn.) Booth ex Rehd.<br />
Lonicera sempervirens L. var.<br />
sempervirens<br />
Lonicera tatarica L.<br />
Lonicera villosa (Michx.) J.A.<br />
Schultes<br />
European honeysuckle<br />
grape honeysuckle<br />
var. glabra Gleason; Lonicera sullivantii Gray<br />
Phenianthus sempervirens (L.) Raf. trumpet honeysuckle<br />
Lonicera caerulea L. var. villosa (Michx.) Torr.<br />
& Gray; Lonicera villosa var. calvescens (Fern.<br />
& Wieg.) Fern.; Lonicera villosa var. fulleri<br />
Fern.; Lonicera villosa var. solonis (Eat.) Fern.;<br />
Tatarian honeysuckle<br />
mounta<strong>in</strong> honeysuckle<br />
Lonicera villosa var tonsa Fern<br />
Lonicera xylosteum L.<br />
fly honeysuckle<br />
Scabiosa columbaria L.<br />
dove p<strong>in</strong>cushions<br />
Scabiosa ochroleuca L.<br />
cream p<strong>in</strong>cushions<br />
Succisa pratensis Moench. Scabiosa succisa L. devil's-bit<br />
Succisella <strong>in</strong>flexa (Kluk) G. Beck Scabiosa australis Wulfen; Succisa australis sou<strong>the</strong>rn succisella<br />
Symphoricarpos albus (L.) Blake ssp.<br />
albus<br />
Symphoricarpos albus (L.) Blake ssp.<br />
laevigatus (Fern.) Hultén<br />
(Wulfen) Reichenb.<br />
Symphoricarpos racemosus Michx. common snowberry<br />
Symphoricarpos albus var. laevigatus (Fern.) common snowberry<br />
Blake<br />
Symphoricarpos orbiculatus Moench. Symphoricarpos symphoricarpos (L.) MacM. red snowberry<br />
Triosteum angustifolium L.<br />
lesser horse-gentian<br />
Triosteum aurantiacum Bickn. var. Triosteum perfoliatum var. aurantiacum orange-fruited horse-gentian<br />
aurantiacum<br />
(Bickn.) Wieg.<br />
Triosteum ×eamesii (Wieg.) A. Ha<strong>in</strong>es<br />
Triosteum angustifolium × T. aurantiacum ;<br />
Triostum angustifolium var. eamesii Wieg.<br />
Triosteum perfoliatum L.<br />
perfoliate-leaved horse-gentian<br />
Valeriana offic<strong>in</strong>alis L.<br />
common valerian<br />
Valeriana ulig<strong>in</strong>osa (Torr. & Gray) Valeriana sitchensis Bong. ssp. ulig<strong>in</strong>osa marsh valerian<br />
Rydb.<br />
(Torr. & Gray) F.G. Mey.; Valeriana sitchensis<br />
Bong. var. ulig<strong>in</strong>osa (Torr. & Gray) Boiv<strong>in</strong><br />
Valerianella locusta (L.) Lat. Valerianella olitoria (L.) Pollich European corn-salad<br />
Valerianella radiata (L.) Dufr. Valerianella radiata var. fernaldii Dyal; beaked corn-salad<br />
Valerianella radiata var. missouriensis Dyal;<br />
Valerianella stenocarpa (Engelm. ex Gray)<br />
Valerianella umbilicata (Sullivant)<br />
Wood<br />
Weigela floribunda (Sieb. & Zucc.)<br />
C.A. Mey.<br />
Caryophyllaceae<br />
Krok var parviflora Dyal<br />
Valerianella <strong>in</strong>termedia Dyal; Valerianella<br />
patellaria (Sullivant ex Gray) Wood;<br />
Valerianella radiata var. <strong>in</strong>termedia (Dyal)<br />
navel corn-salad<br />
Gleason<br />
Diervilla floribunda Sieb. & Zucc. crimson weigela<br />
p<strong>in</strong>k family<br />
Agrostemma githago L. var. githago Lychnis githago (L.) Scop. common corncockle
Arenaria serpyllifolia L. ssp.<br />
leptoclados (Reichenb.) Nyman<br />
Arenaria serpyllifolia L. ssp.<br />
serpyllifolia<br />
Arenaria leptoclados (Reichenb.) Guss.;<br />
Arenaria serpyllifolia var. tenuior Mert. &<br />
Koch<br />
thyme-leaved sandwort<br />
thyme-leaved sandwort<br />
Atocion armeria (L.) Raf. Silene armeria L. sweet-William-catchfly<br />
Cerastium arvense L.<br />
field chickweed<br />
Cerastium diffusum Pers. ssp. Cerastium tetrandrum W. Curtis four-stamened chickweed<br />
diffusum<br />
Cerastium fontanum Baumg. ssp.<br />
vulgare (Hartman) Greuter & Burdet<br />
Cerastium vulgatum , of L. 1762 mouse-ear chickweed<br />
Cerastium glomeratum Thuill. Cerastium glomeratum var. apetalum<br />
sticky chickweed<br />
(Dumort.) Fenzl; Cerastium viscosum , of<br />
authors not L.<br />
Cerastium nutans Raf. ssp. nutans Cerastium longepedunculatum Muhl. ex Britt. nodd<strong>in</strong>g chickweed<br />
Cerastium pumilum W. Curtis ssp.<br />
European chickweed<br />
pumilum<br />
Cerastium semidecandrum L.<br />
five-stamened chickweed<br />
Cerastium strictum L. Cerastium angustatum Greene; Cerastium American field chickweed<br />
arvense var. angustifolium Fenzl; Cerastium<br />
arvense var. latifolium Fenzl; Cerastium<br />
arvense ssp. strictum (L.) Ugborogho;<br />
Cerastium campestre Greene; Cerastium<br />
Cerastium tomentosum L.<br />
pubescens Goldie; Cerastium vestitum Greene<br />
tomentose chickweed<br />
Corrigiola litoralis L. ssp. litoralis strapwort<br />
Dianthus armeria L.<br />
Deptford p<strong>in</strong>k<br />
Dianthus barbatus L.<br />
sweet William p<strong>in</strong>k<br />
Dianthus carthusianorum L. Dianthus atrorubens All. cluster-headed p<strong>in</strong>k<br />
Dianthus deltoides L.<br />
maiden p<strong>in</strong>k<br />
Dianthus plumarius L.<br />
garden p<strong>in</strong>k<br />
Eudian<strong>the</strong> coeli-rosa (L.) Reichenb. Agrostemma coeli-rosa L.; Lychnis coeli-rosa rose catchfly<br />
(L.) Desr.; Silene coeli-rosa (L.) Godr.<br />
Gypsophila elegans Bieb.<br />
showy baby's-breath<br />
Gypsophila muralis L. Psammophiliella muralis (L.) Ikonnikov low baby's-breath<br />
Gypsophila paniculata L. tall baby's-breath<br />
Gypsophila scorzonerifolia Ser. glandular baby's-breath<br />
Herniaria glabra L.<br />
smooth rupturewort<br />
Herniaria hirsuta L. ssp. c<strong>in</strong>erea Herniaria c<strong>in</strong>erea DC.<br />
hairy rupturewort<br />
(DC.) Cout<strong>in</strong>ho<br />
Holosteum umbellatum L. ssp.<br />
jagged-chickweed<br />
umbellatum<br />
Honckenya peploides (L.) Ehrh. ssp. Arenaria peploides L. var. robusta Fern.; seaside-sandwort<br />
robusta (Fern.) Hultén<br />
Honckenya peploides var. robusta (Fern.)<br />
House<br />
Illecebrum verticillatum L. Paronychia verticillata (L.) Lam. coral necklace<br />
Lychnis chalcedonica L. Silene chalcedonica (L.) Krause <strong>in</strong> Sturm scarlet lychnis
Lychnis coronaria (L.) Murr. Agrostemma coronaria L.; Silene coronaria<br />
(L.) Clairville<br />
Lychnis flos-cuculi L. ssp. flos-cuculi Coronaria flos-cuculi (L.) A. Braun; Silene floscuculi<br />
(L.) Clairville<br />
M<strong>in</strong>uartia carol<strong>in</strong>iana (Walt.) Mattf. Arenaria carol<strong>in</strong>iana Walt.; M<strong>in</strong>uopsis<br />
carol<strong>in</strong>iana (Walt.) W.A. Weber; Sabul<strong>in</strong>a<br />
carol<strong>in</strong>iana (Walt.) Small<br />
M<strong>in</strong>uartia glabra (Michx.) Mattf. Arenaria glabra Michx.; Arenaria<br />
groenlandica (Retz.) Spreng. var. glabra<br />
(Michx.) Fern.; M<strong>in</strong>uartia groenlandica ssp.<br />
glabra (Michx.) A. & D. Löve; Porsildia<br />
groenlandica (Retz.) A. & D. Löve ssp. glabra<br />
(Michx.) A. & D. Löve; Sabul<strong>in</strong>a glabra<br />
M<strong>in</strong>uartia groenlandica (Retz.)<br />
(Michx ) Small<br />
Arenaria groenlandica (Retz.) Spreng.;<br />
Ostenf.<br />
Porsildia groenlandica (Retz.) A. & D. Löve;<br />
Sabul<strong>in</strong>a groenlandica (Retz.) Small<br />
M<strong>in</strong>uartia marcescens (Fern.) House Arenaria laricifolia (L.) B.L. Rob<strong>in</strong>s. var.<br />
marcescens (Fern.) Boiv<strong>in</strong>; Arenaria<br />
marcescens Fern.<br />
M<strong>in</strong>uartia michauxii (Fenzl) Farw. Arenaria michauxii (Fenzl) Hook. f.; Arenaria<br />
var. michauxii<br />
stricta Michx.; M<strong>in</strong>uopsis michauxii (Fenzl)<br />
W.A. Weber; Sabul<strong>in</strong>a stricta (Michx.) Small<br />
M<strong>in</strong>uartia rubella (Wahlenb.) Hiern Arenaria rubella (Wahlenb.) Sm.; Arenaria<br />
verna L. var. rubella (Wahlenb.) S.<br />
Wats.; Tryphane rubella (Wahlenb.) Reichenb.<br />
mulle<strong>in</strong> lychnis<br />
ragged rob<strong>in</strong> lychnis<br />
p<strong>in</strong>e barren sandplant<br />
Appalachian sandplant<br />
mounta<strong>in</strong> sandplant<br />
serpent<strong>in</strong>e sandplant<br />
Michaux's sandplant<br />
boreal sandplant<br />
Moehr<strong>in</strong>gia lateriflora (L.) Fenzl Arenaria lateriflora L. blunt-leaved grove-sandwort<br />
Moehr<strong>in</strong>gia macrophylla (Hook.) Arenaria macrophylla Hook. large-leaved grove-sandwort<br />
Fenzl<br />
Myosoton aquaticum (L.) Moench Als<strong>in</strong>e aquatica (L.) Britt.; Cerastium<br />
giant-chickweed<br />
aquaticum L.; Stellaria aquatica (L.) Scop.<br />
Paronychia argyrocoma (Michx.) Paronychia argyrocoma ssp. albimontana silvery whitlow-wort<br />
Nutt.<br />
(Fern.) Maguire; Paronychia argyrocoma var.<br />
albimontana Fern.<br />
Paronychia canadensis (L.) Wood Anychia canadensis (L.) B.S.P.; Anychia<br />
dichotoma Michx.; Paronychia dichotoma<br />
Paronychia fastigiata (Raf.) Fern.<br />
var. fastigiata<br />
Paronychia fastigiata (Raf.) Fern.<br />
var. nuttallii (Small) Fern.<br />
Petrorhagia prolifera (L.) P.W. Ball<br />
& Heywood<br />
Petrorhagia saxifraga (L.) L<strong>in</strong>k var.<br />
saxifraga<br />
Polycarpon tetraphyllum (L.) L. ssp.<br />
tetraphyllum<br />
smooth forked whitlow-wort<br />
(Michx.) A. Nels.<br />
Anychia polygonoides Raf. hairy forked whitlow-wort<br />
Anychia nuttallii Small hairy forked whitlow-wort<br />
Dianthus prolifer L.; Tunica prolifera (L.) proliferous child<strong>in</strong>g-p<strong>in</strong>k<br />
Scop.<br />
Dianthus saxifragus L.; Tunica saxifraga (L.) saxifrage child<strong>in</strong>g-p<strong>in</strong>k<br />
Scop.<br />
Mollugo tetraphylla L. four-leaved manyseed
Sag<strong>in</strong>a decumbens (Ell.) Torr. & Sag<strong>in</strong>a decumbens var. smithii (Gray) S. Wats. trail<strong>in</strong>g pearlwort<br />
Gray ssp. decumbens<br />
Sag<strong>in</strong>a japonica (Sw.) Ohwi<br />
Japanese pearlwort<br />
Sag<strong>in</strong>a maxima Gray ssp. maxima Sag<strong>in</strong>a crassicaulis S. Wats. var. littoralis sticky-stemmed pearlwort<br />
(Hultén) Hultén; Sag<strong>in</strong>a littoralis Hultén;<br />
Sag<strong>in</strong>a nodosa (L.) Fenzl ssp.<br />
borealis Crow<br />
Sag<strong>in</strong>a nodosa (L.) Fenzl ssp. nodosa<br />
Sag<strong>in</strong>a maxima var. littorea (Mackenzie) Hara<br />
Sag<strong>in</strong>a nodosa var. borealis (Crow) Cronq.<br />
Sag<strong>in</strong>a nodosa var. glandulosa (Bess.)<br />
Aschers.; Sag<strong>in</strong>a nodosa var. pubescens (Bess.)<br />
Mert. & Koch; Spergella nodosa (L.) Reichenb.;<br />
knotted pearlwort<br />
knotted pearlwort<br />
Spergula nodosa L<br />
Sag<strong>in</strong>a procumbens L. Sag<strong>in</strong>a procumbens var. compacta Lange bird's-eye pearlwort<br />
Saponaria ocymoides L.<br />
rock soapwort<br />
Saponaria offic<strong>in</strong>alis L. Lychnis saponaria Jessen common soapwort<br />
Saponaria pumilio (L.) Fenzl ex A. Cucubalus pumilio L.; Silene pumilio (L.) pygmy soapwort<br />
Braun<br />
Wulfen<br />
Scleranthus annuus L.<br />
annual knawel<br />
Scleranthus perennis L.<br />
perennial knawel<br />
Silene acaulis (L.) Jacq.<br />
Silene acaulis ssp. arctica A. & D. Löve; moss campion<br />
Silene acaulis var. exscapa (All.) DC.<br />
Silene antirrh<strong>in</strong>a L. Silene antirrh<strong>in</strong>a forma apetala Farw.; Silene sleepy campion<br />
antirrh<strong>in</strong>a var. conf<strong>in</strong>is Fern.; Silene<br />
antirrh<strong>in</strong>a forma deameana Fern.; Silene<br />
antirrh<strong>in</strong>a var. divaricata B.L. Rob<strong>in</strong>s.; Silene<br />
antirrh<strong>in</strong>a var. laevigata Engelm. & Gray<br />
Silene carol<strong>in</strong>iana Walt. ssp. Silene carol<strong>in</strong>iana var. pensylvanica (Michx.) wild campion<br />
pensylvanica (Michx.) Clausen Fern.; Silene pensylvanica Michx.<br />
Silene conica L. ssp. conica Pleconax conica (L.) Sourkova striate campion<br />
Silene csereii Baumg.<br />
Balkan campion<br />
Silene dichotoma Ehrh.<br />
forked campion<br />
Silene dioica (L.) Clairville Lychnis dioica L.; Melandrium dioicum (L.) red campion<br />
Coss. & Germ.; Melandrium dioicum (L.) Coss.<br />
& Germ. ssp. rubrum (Wieg.) D. Löve<br />
Silene gallica L. Silene anglica L. w<strong>in</strong>dmill campion<br />
Silene ×hampeana Meusel & K. Silene dioica × S. latifolia ; Silene ×<strong>in</strong>termedia<br />
Werener<br />
(Schur) Philip, an illegitimate name<br />
Silene latifolia Poir. ssp. alba (P. Lychnis alba P. Mill.; Melandrium album (P. white campion<br />
Mill.) Greuter & Burdet<br />
Mill.) Garcke; Silene alba (P. Mill.) Krause;<br />
Silene pratensis (Raf.) Godr. & Gren.<br />
Silene nivea (Nutt.) Muhl. ex Otth<br />
snowy campion<br />
Silene noctiflora L. Melandrium noctiflorum (L.) Fries night-flower<strong>in</strong>g campion<br />
Silene nutans L.<br />
Eurasian campion<br />
Silene pendula L.<br />
nodd<strong>in</strong>g campion<br />
Silene stellata (L.) Ait. f. Cucubalis stellatus L.; Silene stellata var. starry campion<br />
Silene vulgaris (Moench) Garcke ssp.<br />
vulgaris<br />
scabrella Palmer & Steyermark<br />
Behen vulgaris Moench; Silene cucubalus<br />
Wibel; Silene <strong>in</strong>flata Sm.<br />
bladder campion
Spergula arvensis L. Spergula arvensis var. sativa (Boenn.)<br />
Reichenb.; Spergula sativum Boenn.<br />
Spergula morisonii Boreau<br />
Spergula pentandra L.<br />
Spergularia canadensis (Pers.) G. Arenaria canadensis Pers.; Tissa canadensis<br />
Don ssp. canadensis<br />
(Pers.) Britt.<br />
Spergularia mar<strong>in</strong>a (L.) Griseb. Spergularia leiosperma (K<strong>in</strong>db.) F. Schmidt;<br />
Spergularia mar<strong>in</strong>a (L.) Griseb. var.<br />
leiosperma (K<strong>in</strong>db.) Guerke; Spergularia<br />
sal<strong>in</strong>a J & K Presl; Tissa mar<strong>in</strong>a (L ) Britt<br />
Spergularia media (L.) C. Presl var. Arenaria media L.; Spergularia maritima<br />
media<br />
(All.) Chiov.; Tissa media (L.) Reiche<br />
Spergularia rubra (L.) J. & K. Presl Arenaria rubra L.; Spergularia rubra var.<br />
perennans (K<strong>in</strong>db.) B.L. Rob<strong>in</strong>s.; Tissa rubra<br />
(L.) Britt.<br />
Stellaria als<strong>in</strong>e Grimm Als<strong>in</strong>e ulig<strong>in</strong>osa (Murr.) Britt.; Stellaria<br />
ulig<strong>in</strong>osa Murr.<br />
Stellaria borealis Bigelow ssp. Als<strong>in</strong>e borealis (Bigelow) Britt.; Stellaria<br />
borealis<br />
borealis var. floribunda Fern.; Stellaria<br />
borealis var. isophylla Fern.; Stellaria<br />
calycantha (Ledeb.) Bong. var. floribunda<br />
(Fern.) Fern.; Stellaria calycantha (Ledeb.)<br />
Bong. var. isophylla (Fern.) Fern.; Stellaria<br />
calycantha (Ledeb.) Bong. var. laurentiana<br />
Stellaria corei Sh<strong>in</strong>ners<br />
F<br />
Als<strong>in</strong>e tennesseensis (C. Mohr) Small; Stellaria<br />
pubera Michx. var. sylvatica (Begu<strong>in</strong>ot)<br />
Wea<strong>the</strong>rby; Stellaria sylvatica (Begu<strong>in</strong>ot)<br />
Maguire; Stellaria tennesseensis (C. Mohr)<br />
corn spurry<br />
Morison's spurry<br />
five-stamened spurry<br />
Canada sand-spurry<br />
saltmarsh sand-spurry<br />
greater saltmarsh sand-spurry<br />
red sand-spurry<br />
bog stitchwort<br />
boreal stitchwort<br />
Tennessee stitchwort<br />
Strausbaugh & Core<br />
Stellaria gram<strong>in</strong>ea L.<br />
Als<strong>in</strong>e gram<strong>in</strong>ea (L.) Britt.; Stellaria gram<strong>in</strong>ea grass-leaved stitchwort<br />
var. latifolia Peterm.<br />
Stellaria holostea L. Als<strong>in</strong>e holostea (L.) Britt. greater stitchwort<br />
Stellaria humifusa Rottb. Als<strong>in</strong>e humifusa (Rottb.) Britt. saltmarsh stitchwort<br />
Stellaria longifolia Muhl. ex Willd. Als<strong>in</strong>e longifolia (Muhl. ex Willd.) Britt.; long-leaved stitchwort<br />
var. longifolia<br />
Stellaria longifolia var. atrata J.W. Moore;<br />
Stellaria longifolia var. eciliata (Boiv<strong>in</strong>)<br />
Boiv<strong>in</strong><br />
Stellaria media (L.) Vill. ssp. media Als<strong>in</strong>e media L.; Stellaria apetala Ucria ex<br />
Roemer; Stellaria media var. procera Klatt &<br />
Richter<br />
Vaccaria hispanica (P. Mill.) Saponaria vaccaria L.; Vaccaria pyramidata<br />
Rauschert<br />
Medik.; Vaccaria vaccaria (L.) Britt.; Vaccaria<br />
common stitchwort<br />
cowcockle<br />
vulgaris Host<br />
Viscaria vulgaris Bernh. Lychnis viscaria L.; Silene viscaria (L.) Jessen clammy-campion<br />
Celastraceae<br />
bittersweet family<br />
Celastrus orbiculatus Thunb. Asian bittersweet<br />
Celastrus orbiculatus × C. scandens<br />
Celastrus scandens L.<br />
American bittersweet
Euonymus alatus (Thunb.) Sieb. Celastrus alatus Thunb. w<strong>in</strong>ged sp<strong>in</strong>dle-tree<br />
Euonymus atropurpureus Jacq. var.<br />
eastern sp<strong>in</strong>dle-tree<br />
atropurpureus<br />
Euonymus europaeus L.<br />
European sp<strong>in</strong>dle-tree<br />
Euonymus fortunei (Turcz.) Hand.- Euonymus fortunei var. radicans (Sieb. ex climb<strong>in</strong>g sp<strong>in</strong>dle-tree<br />
Mazz<br />
Miq.) Rehd.; Euonymus fortunei var. vegetus<br />
(Rehd.) Rehd.; Euonymus radicans Sieb. ex<br />
Miq.; Euonymus radicans Sieb. ex Miq. var.<br />
Euonymus phellomanus Loes. ex<br />
Diels<br />
Cercidiphyllaceae<br />
Cercidiphyllum japonicum Sieb. &<br />
Zucc. ex J. Hoffman & H. Schult.<br />
Cistaceae<br />
vegetus Rehd<br />
Crocan<strong>the</strong>mum bicknellii (Fern.) Crocan<strong>the</strong>mum majus , <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> sense of Britt.;<br />
Janch.<br />
Helian<strong>the</strong>mum bicknellii Fern.<br />
Crocan<strong>the</strong>mum canadense (L.) Britt. Helian<strong>the</strong>mum canadense (L.) Michx.;<br />
Helian<strong>the</strong>mum canadense (L.) Michx. var.<br />
cork sp<strong>in</strong>dle-tree<br />
Katsura-tree family<br />
Katsura-tree<br />
rockrose family<br />
hoary frostweed<br />
Canada frostweed<br />
sabulonum Fern.<br />
Crocan<strong>the</strong>mum dumosum Bickn. Helian<strong>the</strong>mum dumosum (Bickn.) Fern. bushy frostweed<br />
Crocan<strong>the</strong>mum prop<strong>in</strong>quum (Bickn.) Helian<strong>the</strong>mum prop<strong>in</strong>quum Bickn. low frostweed<br />
Bickn.<br />
Hudsonia ericoides L. Hudsonia ericoides ssp. andersonii Nickerson p<strong>in</strong>e-barren false hea<strong>the</strong>r<br />
& Skog<br />
Hudsonia ericoides × H. tomentosa<br />
Hudsonia tomentosa Nutt. Hudsonia ericoides ssp. <strong>in</strong>termedia (Peck) sand false hea<strong>the</strong>r<br />
Nickerson & Skog; Hudsonia <strong>in</strong>termedia<br />
(Peck) Ersk<strong>in</strong>e; Hudsonia tomentosa var.<br />
Lechea <strong>in</strong>termedia Leggett ex Britt.<br />
var. <strong>in</strong>termedia<br />
Lechea <strong>in</strong>termedia Leggett ex Britt.<br />
var. juniper<strong>in</strong>a (Bickn.) B.L. Rob<strong>in</strong>s.<br />
Lechea maritima Leggett ex B.S.P.<br />
var. maritima<br />
Lechea m<strong>in</strong>or L.<br />
Lechea mucronata Raf.<br />
Lechea pulchella Raf.<br />
Lechea racemulosa Michx.<br />
Lechea tenuifolia Michx.<br />
Cleomaceae<br />
<strong>in</strong>termedia<br />
Peck<br />
Lechea juniper<strong>in</strong>a Bickn.<br />
Lechea m<strong>in</strong>or var. maritima (Leggett ex B.S.P.)<br />
Gray<br />
Lechea m<strong>in</strong>or var. villosa (Ell.) Boiv<strong>in</strong>; Lechea<br />
villosa Ell.<br />
Lechea leggettii Britt. & Hollick; Lechea<br />
leggettii Britt. & Hollick var. moniliformis<br />
(Bickn.) Hodgdon; Lechea leggettii Britt. &<br />
Hollick var. ramosissima Hodgdon; Lechea<br />
moniliformis Bickn.; Lechea pulchella var.<br />
moniliformis<br />
(Bickn ) Seymour<br />
round-fruited p<strong>in</strong>weed<br />
round-fruited p<strong>in</strong>weed<br />
beach p<strong>in</strong>weed<br />
thyme-leaved p<strong>in</strong>weed<br />
hairy p<strong>in</strong>weed<br />
Leggett's p<strong>in</strong>weed<br />
oblong-fruited p<strong>in</strong>weed<br />
narrow-leaved p<strong>in</strong>weed<br />
spider-flower family
Peritoma serrulata (Pursh) DC.<br />
Polanisia dodecandra (L.) DC. ssp.<br />
dodecandra<br />
Polanisia dodecandra (L.) DC. ssp.<br />
trachysperma (Torr. & Gray) Iltis<br />
Cleome serrulata Pursh; Cleome serrulata st<strong>in</strong>k<strong>in</strong>g bee-plant<br />
Pursh var. angusta (M.E. Jones) Tidestrom<br />
Polanisia graveolens Raf. red-whiskered clammyweed<br />
Polanisia dodecandra var. trachysperma (Torr. red-whiskered clammyweed<br />
& Gray) Iltis; Polanisia trachysperma Torr. &<br />
Gray<br />
Tarenaya hassleriana (Chod.) Iltis Cleome hassleriana Chod.; Cleome sp<strong>in</strong>osa , of<br />
authors not Jacq.<br />
Clethraceae<br />
giant spider-flower<br />
white-alder family<br />
Clethra alnifolia L. Clethra alnifolia var. tomentosa (Lam.) Michx.; coastal sweet-pepperbush<br />
Clethra tomentosa Lam.<br />
Comandraceae<br />
bastard-toadflax family<br />
Comandra umbellata (L.) Nutt. ssp. Comandra richardsiana Fern. bastard-toadflax<br />
umbellata<br />
Geocaulon lividum (Richards.) Fern. Comandra lividum Richards. false toadflax<br />
Convolvulaceae<br />
morn<strong>in</strong>g-glory family<br />
Calystegia pubescens L<strong>in</strong>dl. Calystegia japonica Choisy; Calystegia<br />
pellitus Ledeb. forma anestius Fern.;<br />
Calystegia sepium (L.) R. Br. ssp.<br />
americana (Sims) Brummitt<br />
Calystegia sepium (L.) R. Br. ssp.<br />
angulata Brummitt<br />
Calystegia sepium (L.) R. Br. ssp.<br />
appalachiana Brummitt<br />
Calystegia sepium (L.) R. Br. ssp.<br />
sepium<br />
Calystegia silvatica (Kit.) Griseb.<br />
ssp. fraterniflora (Mackenzie &<br />
Bush) Brummitt<br />
Calystegia spithamaea (L.) Pursh ssp.<br />
spithamaea<br />
Convolvulus pubescens (L<strong>in</strong>dl.) Thellung<br />
Calystegia sepium var. americana (Sims)<br />
Matsuda; Convolvulus americanus (Sims)<br />
Greene; Convolvulus sepium L. var.<br />
americanus Sims<br />
Calystegia sepium var. angulata (Brummitt) N.<br />
Holmgren; Calystegia sepium var. repens (L.)<br />
Gray; Convolvulus repens L.; Convolvulus<br />
sepium L var repens (L ) Gray<br />
hairy false b<strong>in</strong>dweed<br />
hedge false b<strong>in</strong>dweed<br />
hedge false b<strong>in</strong>dweed<br />
hedge false b<strong>in</strong>dweed<br />
Convolvulus sepium L. hedge false b<strong>in</strong>dweed<br />
Calystegia fraterniflora (Mackenzie & Bush)<br />
Brummitt; Calystegia sepium var. fraterniflora<br />
(Mackenzie & Bush) Sh<strong>in</strong>ners; Convolvulus<br />
fraterniflorus (Mackenzie & Bush) Mackenzie<br />
& Bush; Convolvulus sepium L. var.<br />
short-stalked false b<strong>in</strong>dweed<br />
fraterniflorus Mackenzie & Bush<br />
Convolvulus spithamaeus L. upright false b<strong>in</strong>dweed<br />
Convolvulus arvensis L. Strophocaulos arvensis (L.) Small field b<strong>in</strong>dweed<br />
Cuscuta approximata Bab. Cuscuta approximata var. urceolata (Kunze) alfalfa dodder<br />
Yuncker; Cuscuta epithymum ssp.<br />
approximata (Bab.) Rouy; Cuscuta planiflora<br />
Ten
Cuscuta campestris Yuncker<br />
Cuscuta arvensis Beyrich ex Hook. var.<br />
calyc<strong>in</strong>a Engelm.; Cuscuta pentagona var.<br />
calyc<strong>in</strong>a Engelm.; Grammica campestris<br />
(Yuncker) Hadac & Chrtek<br />
Cuscuta cephalanthi Engelm. Epithymum cephalanthi (Engelm.) Nieuwl. &<br />
Lunnell; Grammica cephalanthi<br />
Cuscuta compacta Juss. ex Choisy<br />
var. compacta<br />
Cuscuta coryli Engelm.<br />
Cuscuta epithymum L.<br />
Cuscuta europaea L.<br />
Cuscuta gronovii Willd. ex J.A.<br />
Schultes var. gronovii<br />
Cuscuta gronovii Willd. ex J.A.<br />
Schultes var. latiflora Engelm.<br />
Cuscuta <strong>in</strong>decora Choisy var.<br />
<strong>in</strong>decora<br />
Cuscuta pentagona Engelm.<br />
(Engelm.) Hadac & Chrtek<br />
Epithymum coryli (Engelm.) Nieuwl. &<br />
Lunnell; Grammica coryli (Engelm.) Hadac<br />
Cuscuta gronovii var. latiflora Engelm.;<br />
Cuscuta vulgivaga Engelm; Grammica<br />
gronovii (Willd. ex J.A. Schultes) Hadac &<br />
Chrtek<br />
Cuscuta saururi Engelm.<br />
Cuscuta <strong>in</strong>decora var. neuropetala (Engelm.)<br />
A.S. Hitchc.; Cuscuta neuropetala Engelm.;<br />
Cuscuta pulcherrima Scheele; Grammica<br />
<strong>in</strong>decora (Choisy) W.A. Weber<br />
ssp neuropetala (Engelm )WA Weber<br />
Cuscuta arvensis Beyrich ex Hook.;<br />
Epithymum arvense (Beyrich ex Engelm.)<br />
Nieuwl. & Lunnell; Grammica pentagona<br />
field dodder<br />
buttonbush dodder<br />
compact dodder<br />
hazel dodder<br />
clover dodder<br />
greater dodder<br />
common dodder<br />
common dodder<br />
collared dodder<br />
bush-clover dodder<br />
(Engelm )WA Weber<br />
Cuscuta polygonorum Engelm. Cuscuta chlorocarpa Engelm. smartweed dodder<br />
Ipomoea cocc<strong>in</strong>ea L. Quamoclit cocc<strong>in</strong>ea (L.) Moench red morn<strong>in</strong>g-glory<br />
Ipomoea hederacea Jacq. Ipomoea barbigera Sweet; Ipomoea hederacea ivy-leaved morn<strong>in</strong>g-glory<br />
var. <strong>in</strong>tegriuscula Gray; Pharbitis barbigera<br />
(Sweet) G. Don; Pharbitis hederacea (Jacq.)<br />
Ipomoea purpurea (L.) Roth Convolvulus purpureus L.; Pharbitis purpurea<br />
(L.) Voigt<br />
Ipomoea quamoclit L. Quamoclit quamoclit (L.) Britt.; Quamoclit<br />
vulgaris Choisy<br />
Ipomoea tricolor Cav.<br />
Cornaceae<br />
Choisy<br />
Ipomoea hederifolia L. Ipomoea cocc<strong>in</strong>ea L. var. hederifolia (L.) Gray scarlet morn<strong>in</strong>g-glory<br />
Ipomoea lacunosa L.<br />
white morn<strong>in</strong>g-glory<br />
Ipomoea pandurata (L.) G.F.W. Mey. Convolvulus panduratus L. wild sweet potato morn<strong>in</strong>gglory<br />
common morn<strong>in</strong>g-glory<br />
Cypress-v<strong>in</strong>e morn<strong>in</strong>g-glory<br />
granny morn<strong>in</strong>g-glory<br />
dogwood family<br />
Benthamidia florida (L.) Spach Benthamia florida (L.) Spach; Cornus florida flower<strong>in</strong>g big-bracted-dogwood<br />
L.; Cynoxylon floridum (L.) Raf. ex B.D. Jackson
Benthamidia japonica (Siebold &<br />
Zucc.) Hara<br />
Benthamia japonica Sieb. & Zucc.; Benthamia<br />
kousa (Buerger ex Miq.) Nakai; Cornus kousa<br />
Buerger ex Miq.; Dendrobenthamia japonica<br />
(Sieb. & Zucc.) W.P. Fang<br />
kousa big-bracted-dogwood<br />
Chamaepericlymenum canadense (L.) Cornella canadensis (L.) Rydb.; Cornus Canada dwarf-dogwood<br />
Aschers. & Graebn.<br />
canadensis L.<br />
Nyssa sylvatica Marsh.<br />
Nyssa sylvatica var. carol<strong>in</strong>iana (Poir.) Fern.; black tupelo<br />
Nyssa sylvatica var. dilatata Fern.; Nyssa<br />
sylvatica var. typica Fern.<br />
Swida alternifolia (L. f.) Small Bothrocaryum alternifolia (L. f.) Pojark.; Cornus alternate-leaved dogwood<br />
Swida amomum (P. Mill.) Small var. Cornus amomum P. Mill. var. amomum silky dogwood<br />
amomum<br />
Swida amomum (P. Mill.) Small var. Cornus amomum P. Mill. ssp. obliqua (Raf.) J.S. silky dogwood<br />
schuetzeana (C.A. Mey.) A. Ha<strong>in</strong>es Wilson; Cornus amomum var.<br />
schuetzeana (C.A. Mey.) Rickett; Cornus<br />
obliqua Raf.; Cornus purpusii Koehne; Cornus<br />
sericea var. schuetzeana C.A. Mey.; Swida<br />
obliqua (Raf ) Moldenke<br />
Swida ×arnoldiana (Rehd.) Soják Swida amomum × S. racemosa ; Cornus<br />
×arnoldiana Rehd.<br />
Swida racemosa (Lam.) Moldenke Cornus foem<strong>in</strong>a P. Mill. ssp. racemosa (Lam.) gray dogwood<br />
J.S. Wilson; Cornus paniculata L’Hér.; Cornus<br />
racemosa Lam.<br />
Swida rugosa (Lam.) Rydb. Cornus rugosa Lam. round-leaved dogwood<br />
Swida sangu<strong>in</strong>ea (L.) Opiz Cornus sangu<strong>in</strong>ea L. blood-twig dogwood<br />
Swida sericea (L.) Holub<br />
Cornus alba L. ssp. stolonifera (Michx.) red-osier dogwood<br />
Wanger<strong>in</strong>; Cornus sericea L.; Cornus sericea<br />
L. ssp. stolonifera (Michx.) Fosberg; Cornus<br />
stolonifera Michx.; Swida sericea (L.) Holub;<br />
Swida stolonifera (Michx ) Rydb<br />
Swida ×slav<strong>in</strong>ii (Rehd.) Holub Swida rugosa × S. sericea ; Cornus ×slav<strong>in</strong>ii<br />
Rehd.<br />
Crassulaceae<br />
stonecrop family<br />
Aizopsis aizoon (L.) V. Grulich Phedimus aizoon (L.) ’t Hart; Sedum aizoon L. aizoon stonecrop<br />
Aizopsis kamtschatica (Fisch. & C.A. Aizopsis ellacombeana (Praeger) P.V. Heath; orange stonecrop<br />
Mey.) Grulich<br />
Phedimus ellacombeanus (Fisch. & C.A. Mey.)<br />
’t Hart; Sedum ellacombeanum Praeger; Sedum<br />
kamtschaticum Fisch. & C.A. Mey.; Sedum<br />
kamtschaticum Fisch. & C.A. Mey. ssp.<br />
ellacombeanum (Praeger) Clausen, an <strong>in</strong>valid<br />
name<br />
Crassula aquatica (L.) Schoenl. Bulliarda aquatica (L.) DC.; Hydrophila<br />
aquatica (L.) House; Tillaea aquatica L.;<br />
Tillaea angustifolia Nutt.; Tillaeastrum<br />
Hylotelephium erythrostictum (Miq.)<br />
H. Ohba<br />
aquaticum (L ) Britt<br />
Sedum alboroseum Baker; Sedum<br />
erythrostictum Miq.<br />
pygmy-weed<br />
garden orp<strong>in</strong>e
Hylotelephium spectabile (Boreau) H.<br />
Ohba<br />
Hylotelephium telephium (L.) H. Ohba<br />
ssp. fabaria (W.D.J. Koch) H. Ohba<br />
Sedum spectabile Boreau<br />
Sedum fabaria W.D.J. Koch; Sedum telephium<br />
L. ssp. fabaria Kirschl.<br />
showy orp<strong>in</strong>e<br />
purple orp<strong>in</strong>e<br />
Hylotelephium telephium (L.) H. Ohba Sedum purpureum (L.) J.A. Schultes; Sedum purple orp<strong>in</strong>e<br />
ssp. telephium<br />
purpurascens W.D.J. Koch; Sedum telephium<br />
L.<br />
Phedimus spurius (Bieb.) ’t Hart Sedum spurium Bieb.; Spathulata spuria false stonecrop<br />
(Bieb.) A. & D. Löve<br />
Phedimus stoloniferus (Gmel.) ’t Sedum stoloniferum Gmel. runn<strong>in</strong>g false stonecrop<br />
Hart<br />
Rhodiola rosea L. Rhodiola roanensis Britt.; Sedum roanense roseroot<br />
Britt.; Sedum roseum (L.) Scop.; Sedum roseum<br />
(L.) Scop. var. roanense (Britt.) Berger<br />
Sedum acre L.<br />
moss stonecrop<br />
Sedum album L. Oreosedum album (L.) Grulich white stonecrop<br />
Sedum hispanicum L.<br />
Spanish stonecrop<br />
Sedum ochroleucum Chaix Sedum anopetalum DC. European stonecrop<br />
Sedum reflexum L. Petrosedum reflexum (L.) Grulich; Sedum rock stonecrop<br />
rupestre L.<br />
Sedum sarmentosum Bunge<br />
str<strong>in</strong>gy stonecrop<br />
Sedum sexangulare L.<br />
six-angled stonecrop<br />
Sedum ternatum Michx. Clausenellia ternata (Michx.) A. & D. Löve woodland stonecrop<br />
Sempervivum tectorum L.<br />
hens-and-chickens<br />
Cucurbitaceae<br />
gourd family<br />
Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.)<br />
Citrullus citrullus (L.) Karst.; Citrullus watermelon<br />
Matsumura & Nakai<br />
vulgaris Schrad.; Cucubertia citrullus L.;<br />
Momordica lanata Thunb.<br />
Cucumis anguria L.<br />
West India gherk<strong>in</strong><br />
Cucumis melo L.<br />
cantaloupe<br />
Cucumis myriocarpus Naud.<br />
paddy melon<br />
Cucumis sativus L.<br />
cucumber<br />
Cucurbita maxima Duchesne<br />
w<strong>in</strong>ter squash<br />
Cucurbita pepo L. Pepo pepo (L.) Britt. ex Small pumpk<strong>in</strong><br />
Ech<strong>in</strong>ocystis lobata (Michx.) Torr. & Micrampelis lobata (Michx.) Greene; Sicyos wild cucumber<br />
Gray<br />
lobata Michx.<br />
Lagenaria siceraria (Mol<strong>in</strong>a) Standl. Cucurbita lagenaria L.; Cucurbita siceraria bottle gourd<br />
Mol<strong>in</strong>a; Lagenaria leucantha Rusby;<br />
Momordica charantia L.<br />
Sicyos angulatus L.<br />
Thladiantha dubia Bunge<br />
Diapensiaceae<br />
Lagenaria vulgaris<br />
Ser.<br />
bitter-melon<br />
one-seeded burr-cucumber<br />
Manchu tuber gourd<br />
diapensia family<br />
Diapensia lapponica L. ssp.<br />
cushion-plant<br />
lapponica<br />
Galax urceolata (Poir.) Brummitt Galax aphylla , of authors not L. beetleweed<br />
Shortia galacifolia Torr. & Gray var.<br />
Oconee-bells<br />
galacifolia
Droseraceae<br />
sundew family<br />
Drosera anglica Huds. Drosera longifolia L. English sundew<br />
Drosera filiformis Raf. var.<br />
thread-leaved sundew<br />
filiformis<br />
Drosera <strong>in</strong>termedia Hayne<br />
spatulate-leaved sundew<br />
Drosera l<strong>in</strong>earis Goldie<br />
slender-leaved sundew<br />
Drosera rotundifolia L. Drosera rotundifolia var. comosa Fern. round-leaved sundew<br />
Ebenaceae<br />
ebony family<br />
Diospyros virg<strong>in</strong>iana L. Diospyros mosieri Small; Diospyros<br />
virg<strong>in</strong>iana var. mosieri (Small) Sarg.;<br />
Diospyros virg<strong>in</strong>iana var. platycarpa Sarg.;<br />
Diospyros virg<strong>in</strong>iana var. pubescens (Pursh)<br />
Elaeagnaceae<br />
Dippel<br />
common persimmon<br />
oleaster family<br />
Elaeagnus angustifolia L. Russian-olive<br />
Elaeagnus pungens Thunb.<br />
thorny-olive<br />
Elaeagnus umbellata Thunb. var. Elaeagnus parvifolia Royle autumn-olive<br />
parvifolia (Royle) Schneid.<br />
Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt. Elaeagnus canadensis (L.) A. Nels.;<br />
Canada buffalo-berry<br />
Hippophae canadensis L.; Lepargyrea<br />
Elat<strong>in</strong>aceae<br />
canadensis (L.) Greene<br />
Elat<strong>in</strong>e americana (Pursh) Arn. Elat<strong>in</strong>e triandra var. americana (Pursh)<br />
Fassett<br />
Elat<strong>in</strong>e m<strong>in</strong>ima (Nutt.) Fisch. & C.A.<br />
Mey.<br />
Elat<strong>in</strong>e triandra Schkuhr<br />
Ericaceae<br />
Andromeda polifolia L. var.<br />
glaucophylla (L<strong>in</strong>k) DC.<br />
Andromeda glaucophylla L<strong>in</strong>k; Andromeda<br />
glaucophylla L<strong>in</strong>k var. iodandra Fern.;<br />
Andromeda polifolia ssp. glaucophylla (L<strong>in</strong>k)<br />
Hultén<br />
Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng. Arctostaphylos adenotricha (Fern. & J.F.<br />
Macbr.) A. & D. Löve & Kapoor;<br />
Arctostaphylos uva-ursi ssp. adenotricha<br />
(Fern. & J.F. Macbr.) Calder & Taylor;<br />
Arctostaphylos uva-ursi var. adenotricha Fern.<br />
& J.F. Macbr.; Arctostaphylos uva-ursi ssp.<br />
coactilis (Fern. & J.F. Macbr.) A. & D. Löve &<br />
Kapoor; Arctostaphylos uva-ursi var. coactilis<br />
Fern. & J.F. Macbr.; Uva-ursi uva-ursi (L.) Britt.<br />
waterwort family<br />
American waterwort<br />
small waterwort<br />
Eurasian waterwort<br />
heath family<br />
bog-rosemary<br />
red bearberry<br />
Arctous alp<strong>in</strong>a (L.) Nied. Arbutus alp<strong>in</strong>a L.; Arctostaphylos alp<strong>in</strong>a (L.)<br />
Spreng.; Mairania alp<strong>in</strong>a (L.) Desv.<br />
Calluna vulgaris (L.) Hull<br />
alp<strong>in</strong>e-bearberry<br />
hea<strong>the</strong>r
Chamaedaphne calyculata (L.)<br />
Moench<br />
Cassandra calyculata (L.) D. Don var.<br />
angustifolia (Ait.) Seymour; Cassandra<br />
calyculata (L.) D. Don var. latifolia (Ait.)<br />
Seymour; Chamaedaphne calyculata var.<br />
angustifolia (Ait.) Rehd.; Chamaedaphne<br />
lea<strong>the</strong>rleaf<br />
Chimaphila maculata (L.) Pursh<br />
calyculata var latifolia<br />
Pyrola maculata L.<br />
(Ait ) Fern<br />
spotted pr<strong>in</strong>ce's-p<strong>in</strong>e<br />
Chimaphila umbellata (L.) W. Bart. Chimaphila corymbosa Pursh; Chimaphila noble pr<strong>in</strong>ce's-p<strong>in</strong>e<br />
ssp. cisatlantica (Blake) Hultén umbellata var. cisatlantica Blake<br />
Corema conradii (Torr.) Torr. ex Empetrum conradii Torr. broom-crowberry<br />
Loud.<br />
Empetrum atropurpureum Fern. & Empetrum eamesii Fern. & Wieg. ssp.<br />
red crowberry<br />
Wieg.<br />
atropurpureum (Fern. & Wieg.) D. Löve;<br />
Empetrum nigrum var. atropurpureum (Fern. &<br />
Wieg.) Boiv<strong>in</strong>; Empetrum nigrum var.<br />
purpureum (Raf.) A. DC.; Empetrum rubrum<br />
Vahl var. atropurpureum (Fern. & Wieg.) R.<br />
Empetrum nigrum L.<br />
Good<br />
Empetrum eamesii Fern. & Wieg. ssp.<br />
hermaphroditum (Lange ex Hagerup) D. Löve;<br />
Empetrum hermaphroditum Lange ex Hagerup;<br />
Empetrum nigrum ssp. hermaphroditum<br />
black crowberry<br />
(Lange ex Hargerup) Böcher<br />
Epigaea repens L. Epigaea repens var. glabrifolia Fern. trail<strong>in</strong>g-arbutus<br />
Erica c<strong>in</strong>erea L.<br />
Scotch heath<br />
Erica tetralix L.<br />
cross-leaved heath<br />
Erica vagans L.<br />
Cornish heath<br />
Eubotrys racemosa (L.) Nutt. Eubotrys elongata (Small) Small; Eubotrys swamp deciduous dog-laurel<br />
racemosa var. elongata (Small) Fern.;<br />
Leucothoe elongata Small; Leucothoe<br />
racemosa (L.) Gray; Leucothoe racemosa (L.)<br />
Gaul<strong>the</strong>ria hispidula (L.) Muhl. ex<br />
Bigelow<br />
Gaul<strong>the</strong>ria procumbens L.<br />
Gaylussacia baccata (Wangenh.) K.<br />
Koch<br />
Gaylussacia bigeloviana (Fern.)<br />
Sorrie & Weakley<br />
Gray var projecta Fern<br />
Chiogenes hispidula (L.) Torr. & Gray;<br />
Vacc<strong>in</strong>ium hispidulum L.<br />
Andromeda baccata Wangenh.; Decachaena<br />
baccata (Wangenh.) Small<br />
Gaylussacia dumosa var. bigeloviana Fern.;<br />
Lasiococcus dumosus (Andr.) Small var.<br />
creep<strong>in</strong>g spicy-w<strong>in</strong>tergreen<br />
eastern spicy-w<strong>in</strong>tergreen<br />
black huckleberry<br />
dwarf huckleberry<br />
bigelovianus (Fern.) Fern.<br />
Gaylussacia frondosa (L.) Torr. & Decachaena frondosa (L.) Torr. & Gray; blue huckleberry<br />
Gray ex Torr.<br />
Vacc<strong>in</strong>ium frondosum L.<br />
Harrimanella hypnoides (L.) Coville Cassiope hypnoides (L.) D. Don moss-plant<br />
Hypopitys lanug<strong>in</strong>osa (Michx.) Nutt. Monotropa lanug<strong>in</strong>osa Michx. hairy p<strong>in</strong>e-sap<br />
Hypopitys monotropa Crantz Hypopitys americana (DC.) Small; Hypopitys yellow p<strong>in</strong>e-sap<br />
lanug<strong>in</strong>osa (Michx.) Nutt.; Monotropa<br />
Kalmia angustifolia L. ssp.<br />
angustifolia<br />
hypopithys L.<br />
sheep American-laurel
Kalmia latifolia L.<br />
Kalmia polifolia Wangenh.<br />
Kalmia procumbens (L.) Gift, Kron,<br />
& P.F. Stevens ex Galasso, Banfi, &<br />
F. Conti<br />
Leucothoe fontanesiana (Steud.)<br />
Sleumer<br />
Azalea procumbens L.; Chamaecistus<br />
procumbens (L.) Kuntze; Loiseleuria<br />
procumbens (L.) Desv.<br />
Leucothoe axillaris (Lam.) D. Don var.<br />
editorum (Fern. & Schub.) Ahles; Leucothoe<br />
mounta<strong>in</strong> American-laurel<br />
bog American-laurel<br />
Alp<strong>in</strong>e-azalea<br />
highland dog-laurel<br />
editorum Fern. & Schub.<br />
Lyonia ligustr<strong>in</strong>a (L.) DC. var. Arsenococcus ligustr<strong>in</strong>us (L.) Small; Xolisma maleberry<br />
ligustr<strong>in</strong>a<br />
ligustr<strong>in</strong>a (L.) Britt.<br />
Lyonia mariana (L.) D. Don Neopieris mariana (L.) Britt.; Xolisma piedmont staggerbush<br />
mariana (L.) Rehd.<br />
Moneses uniflora (L.) Gray Pyrola uniflora L. one-flowered-sh<strong>in</strong>leaf<br />
Monotropa uniflora L. Monotropa brittonii Small one-flowered Indian-pipe<br />
Orthilia secunda (L.) House Orthilia secunda ssp. obtusata (Turcz.) Böcher; one-sided-sh<strong>in</strong>leaf<br />
Orthilia secunda var. obtusata (Turcz.) House;<br />
Pyrola secunda L.; Pyrola secunda L. ssp.<br />
obtusata (Turcz.) Hultén; Pyrola secunda L.<br />
var. obtusata Turcz.; Ramischia secunda (L.)<br />
Garcke<br />
Phyllodoce caerulea (L.) Bab.<br />
purple mounta<strong>in</strong>-heath<br />
Pieris floribunda (Pursh) Benth. & Andromeda floribunda Pursh mounta<strong>in</strong> fetterbush<br />
Hook. f.<br />
Pterospora andromedea Nutt.<br />
p<strong>in</strong>e-drops<br />
Pyrola americana Sweet Pyrola asarifolia ssp. americana (Sweet) American sh<strong>in</strong>leaf<br />
Krísa; Pyrola rotundifolia L. ssp. americana<br />
(Sweet) Clausen; Pyrola rotundifolia L. var.<br />
Pyrola asarifolia Michx. ssp.<br />
asarifolia<br />
americana (Sweet) Fern<br />
Pyrola asarifolia var. <strong>in</strong>carnata (DC.) Fern.; p<strong>in</strong>k sh<strong>in</strong>leaf<br />
Pyrola asarifolia var. ovata Farw.; Pyrola<br />
asarifolia var. purpurea (Bunge) Fern.; Pyrola<br />
rotundifolia L. ssp. asarifolia (Michx.) A. & D.<br />
Löve; Pyrola ulig<strong>in</strong>osa Torr. & Gray ex Torr.<br />
Pyrola chlorantha Sw. Pyrola chlorantha var. convoluta (W. Bart.)<br />
Fern.; Pyrola chlorantha var. paucifolia Fern.;<br />
Pyrola convoluta W. Bart.; Pyrola virens<br />
Schreb.; Pyrola virens Schreb. var. convoluta<br />
Pyrola elliptica Nutt.<br />
Pyrola m<strong>in</strong>or L.<br />
Rhododendron calendulaceum<br />
(Michx.) Torr.<br />
green-flowered sh<strong>in</strong>leaf<br />
(W Bart ) Fern<br />
elliptic-leaved sh<strong>in</strong>leaf<br />
Braxilia m<strong>in</strong>or (L.) House; Erxlebenia m<strong>in</strong>or little sh<strong>in</strong>leaf<br />
(L.) Rydb.; Pyrola m<strong>in</strong>or var. parviflora<br />
Boiv<strong>in</strong><br />
Azalea calendulacea Michx. flame azalea<br />
Rhododendron canadense (L.) Torr. Azalea canadensis (L.) Kuntze; Rhodora<br />
canadensis L.<br />
Rhododendron carol<strong>in</strong>ianum Rehd.<br />
rhodora<br />
Carol<strong>in</strong>a rhododendron
Rhododendron catawbiense Michx. Canada rosebay<br />
Rhododendron groenlandicum Ledum groenlandicum Oeder; Ledum palustre Labrador-tea<br />
(Oeder) Kron & Judd<br />
L. ssp. groenlandicum (Oeder) Hultén<br />
Rhododendron japonicum (Gray) Azalea japonica Gray<br />
Japanese azalea<br />
Sur.<br />
Rhododendron lapponicum (L.) Azalea lapponica L. Lapland rosebay<br />
Wahlenb.<br />
Rhododendron maximum L.<br />
great rosebay<br />
Rhododendron periclymenoides Azalea nudiflora L.; Rhododendron<br />
p<strong>in</strong>k azalea<br />
(Michx.) Sh<strong>in</strong>ners<br />
nudiflorum (L.) Torr.; Rhododendron<br />
nudiflorum (L.) Torr. var. glandiferum (Porter)<br />
Rehd.; Rhododendron periclymenoides var.<br />
Rhododendron pr<strong>in</strong>ophyllum (Small)<br />
Millais<br />
eglandulosum Seymour<br />
Azalea pr<strong>in</strong>ophylla Small; Rhododendron<br />
nudiflorum (L.) Torr. var. roseum (Loisel.)<br />
early azalea<br />
Wieg.; Rhododendron roseum (Loisel.) Rehd.<br />
Rhododendron vaseyi Gray Biltia vaseyi (Gray) Small p<strong>in</strong>k-shell azalea<br />
Rhododendron viscosum (L.) Torr. Azalea viscosa L.; Rhododendron viscosum clammy azalea<br />
var. glaucum (Michx.) Gray<br />
Vacc<strong>in</strong>ium angustifolium Ait. Vacc<strong>in</strong>ium angustifolium var. hypolasium common lowbush blueberry<br />
Fern.; Vacc<strong>in</strong>ium angustifolium var.<br />
laevifolium House; Vacc<strong>in</strong>ium angustifolium<br />
var. nigrum (Wood) Dole; Vacc<strong>in</strong>ium nigrum<br />
(Wood) Britt<br />
Vacc<strong>in</strong>ium angustifolium × V.<br />
ulig<strong>in</strong>osum<br />
Vacc<strong>in</strong>ium ×atlanticum Bickn. Vacc<strong>in</strong>ium angustifolium × V. corymbosum<br />
Vacc<strong>in</strong>ium boreale Hall & Aalders Vacc<strong>in</strong>ium pensylvanicum Lam. var.<br />
angustifolium (Ait.) Gray; Vacc<strong>in</strong>ium<br />
pensylvanicum Lam. var. alp<strong>in</strong>um Wood<br />
Vacc<strong>in</strong>ium boreale × V. myrtilloides<br />
Vacc<strong>in</strong>ium caesariense Mackenzie<br />
Vacc<strong>in</strong>ium cespitosum Michx. Vacc<strong>in</strong>ium arbuscula (Gray) Merriam;<br />
Vacc<strong>in</strong>ium cespitosum var. arbuscula Gray<br />
Vacc<strong>in</strong>ium corymbosum L. Cyanococcus corymbosus (L.) Rydb.;<br />
Vacc<strong>in</strong>ium corymbosum var. albiflorum<br />
(Hook.) Fern.; Vacc<strong>in</strong>ium corymbosum var.<br />
glabrum Gray<br />
Vacc<strong>in</strong>ium fuscatum Ait. Cyanococcus fuscatus (Ait.) Small; Vacc<strong>in</strong>ium<br />
atrococcum (Gray) Heller; Vacc<strong>in</strong>ium<br />
corymbosum var. atrococcum Gray; Vacc<strong>in</strong>ium<br />
corymbosum var. fuscatum (Ait.) Hook.<br />
nor<strong>the</strong>rn blueberry<br />
New Jersey highbush blueberry<br />
dwarf blueberry<br />
highbush blueberry<br />
black highbush blueberry<br />
Vacc<strong>in</strong>ium macrocarpon Ait. Oxycoccus macrocarpus (Ait.) Pursh large cranberry<br />
Vacc<strong>in</strong>ium myrtilloides Michx. Cyanococcus canadensis (Kalm ex A. Rich.) velvet-leaved blueberry<br />
Rydb.; Vacc<strong>in</strong>ium angustifolium var.<br />
myrtilloides (Michx.) House; Vacc<strong>in</strong>ium<br />
canadense Kalm ex A Rich
Vacc<strong>in</strong>ium oxycoccos L. Oxycoccus microcarpos Turcz. ex Rupr.;<br />
Oxycoccus oxycoccos (L.) MacM.; Oxycoccus<br />
palustris Pers.; Oxycoccus quadripetalus<br />
Gilib.; Vacc<strong>in</strong>ium microcarpos (Turcz. ex<br />
Rupr.) Schmalh.; Vacc<strong>in</strong>ium oxycoccos L. var.<br />
Vacc<strong>in</strong>ium pallidum Ait.<br />
<strong>in</strong>termedium Gray<br />
Cyanococcus pallidus (Ait.) Small;<br />
Cyanococcus vacillans (Kalm ex Torr.) Rydb.;<br />
Vacc<strong>in</strong>ium corymbosum var. pallidum (Ait.)<br />
Gray; Vacc<strong>in</strong>ium vacillans Kalm ex Torr.;<br />
Vacc<strong>in</strong>ium vacillans Kalm ex Torr. var.<br />
cr<strong>in</strong>itum Fern<br />
Vacc<strong>in</strong>ium stam<strong>in</strong>eum L. Polycodium neglectum Small; Polycodium<br />
stam<strong>in</strong>eum (L.) Greene; Vacc<strong>in</strong>ium caesium<br />
Greene; Vacc<strong>in</strong>ium neglectum (Small) Fern.;<br />
Vacc<strong>in</strong>ium stam<strong>in</strong>eum var. neglectum (Small)<br />
Deam<br />
Vacc<strong>in</strong>ium ulig<strong>in</strong>osum L. Vacc<strong>in</strong>ium ulig<strong>in</strong>osum ssp. alp<strong>in</strong>um (Bigelow)<br />
Hultén; Vacc<strong>in</strong>ium ulig<strong>in</strong>osum var. occidentale<br />
Vacc<strong>in</strong>ium vitis -idaea L. ssp. m<strong>in</strong>us<br />
(Lodd.) Hultén<br />
Euphorbiaceae<br />
small cranberry<br />
hillside blueberry<br />
deerberry<br />
alp<strong>in</strong>e blueberry<br />
(Gray) Hara<br />
Vacc<strong>in</strong>ium vitis-idaea var. m<strong>in</strong>us Lodd. mounta<strong>in</strong> cranberry<br />
Acalypha gracilens Gray Acalypha gracilens var. delzii L. Mill.;<br />
Acalypha gracilens var. fraseri (Muell.-Arg.)<br />
spurge family<br />
slender three-seeded-Mercury<br />
Wea<strong>the</strong>rby<br />
Acalypha rhomboidea Raf. Acalypha virg<strong>in</strong>ica var. rhomboidea (Raf.) common three-seeded-Mercury<br />
Cooperrider<br />
Acalypha virg<strong>in</strong>ica L. Acalypha digyneia Raf. Virg<strong>in</strong>ia three-seeded-Mercury<br />
Croton capitatus Michx. var.<br />
woolly croton<br />
capitatus<br />
Croton texensis (Klotzsch) Muell.-<br />
Texas croton<br />
Arg.<br />
Crotonopsis elliptica Willd. Croton willdenowii G.L. Webster elliptic-leaved rushfoil<br />
Euphorbia corollata L. Tithymalopsis corollata (L.) Klotzsch flower<strong>in</strong>g spurge<br />
Euphorbia cyparissias L. Galarhoeus cyparissias (L.) Small ex Rydb.; cypress spurge<br />
Tithymalus cyparissias (L.) Hill<br />
Euphorbia dentata Michx. Anisophyllum dentatum (Michx.) Haw.; too<strong>the</strong>d spurge<br />
Euphorbia dentata var. l<strong>in</strong>earis Engelm. ex<br />
Boiss.; Po<strong>in</strong>settia dentata (Michx.) Klotzsch &<br />
Garcke<br />
Euphorbia esula L. Euphorbia <strong>in</strong>tercedens Podp.; Galarhoeus leafy spurge<br />
esula (L.) Rydb.; Tithymalus esula (L.) Hill<br />
Euphorbia glyptosperma Engelm. Chamaesyce glyptosperma (Engelm.) Small rib-seeded sandmat<br />
Euphorbia helioscopia L. Galarhoeus helioscopius (L.) Haw.;<br />
sun spurge<br />
Tithymalus helioscopius (L.) Hill<br />
Euphorbia ipecacuanhae L. Tithymalopsis ipecacuanhae (L.) Small ipecac spurge<br />
Euphorbia lathyris L. Galarhoeus lathyris (L.) Haw.; Tithymalus gopher spurge<br />
lathyris (L.) Hill
Euphorbia maculata L.<br />
Chamaesyce maculata (L.) Small; Chamaesyce<br />
sup<strong>in</strong>a (Raf.) Moldenke; Euphorbia sup<strong>in</strong>a Raf.<br />
spotted sandmat<br />
Euphorbia marg<strong>in</strong>ata Pursh Agaloma marg<strong>in</strong>ata (Pursh) A. & D. Löve;<br />
Dichrophyllum marg<strong>in</strong>atum (Pursh) Klotzsch<br />
& Garcke; Lepadena marg<strong>in</strong>ata (Pursh)<br />
Nieuwl<br />
Euphorbia nutans Lag.<br />
Chamaesyce nutans (Lag.) Small; Chamaesyce<br />
preslii (Guss.) <strong>Arthur</strong>; Euphorbia preslii Guss.<br />
mounta<strong>in</strong> snow spurge<br />
eyebane sandmat<br />
Euphorbia peplus L. Galarhoeus peplus (L.) Rydb.; Tithymalus<br />
petty spurge<br />
peplus (L.) Hill<br />
Euphorbia platyphyllos L. Galarhoeus platyphyllos (L.) Small;<br />
broad-leaved spurge<br />
Tithymalus platyphyllos (L.) Hill<br />
Euphorbia polygonifolia L. Chamaesyce polygonifolia (L.) Small seaside sandmat<br />
Euphorbia prostrata Ait. Euphorbia chamaesyce , of authors not L.; prostrate sandmat<br />
Chamaesyce prostrata (Ait.) Small<br />
Euphoribia ×pseudo-esula Schur Euphorbia esula × E. cyparissias<br />
Euphorbia serpens Kunth Anisophyllum serpens (Kunth) Klotzsch & matted sandmat<br />
Garcke; Chamaesyce serpens (Kunth) Small<br />
Euphorbia serpyllifolia Pers. var. Chamaesyce serpyllifolia (Pers.) Small thyme-leaved sandmat<br />
serpyllifolia<br />
Euphorbia vermiculata Raf. Chamaesyce raf<strong>in</strong>esquei (Greene) <strong>Arthur</strong>; hairy sandmat<br />
Chamaesyce vermiculata (Raf.) House<br />
Euphorbia virgata Waldst. & Kit. Euphorbia esula ssp. tommas<strong>in</strong>iana (Bertol.) slender leafy spurge<br />
Nyman; Euphorbia esula var. orientalis (Boiss.<br />
<strong>in</strong> DC.) Kuzmanov; Euphorbia esula var.<br />
uralensis (Fisch. ex L<strong>in</strong>k) Dorn; Euphorbia<br />
uralensis Fisch. ex L<strong>in</strong>k; Euphorbia virgata<br />
var. orientalis Boiss. <strong>in</strong> DC.<br />
Mercurialis annua L.<br />
Ric<strong>in</strong>us communis L.<br />
Fabaceae<br />
annual mercury<br />
castor-bean<br />
legume family<br />
Albizia julibriss<strong>in</strong> Durazz. silk-tree<br />
Amorpha fruticosa L. Amorpha fruticosa var. angustifolia Pursh; false <strong>in</strong>digo-bush<br />
Amorpha fruticosa var. oblongifolia Palmer;<br />
Amorpha fruticosa var. tennesseensis (Shuttlw.<br />
ex Kunze) Palmer<br />
Amphicarpaea bracteata (L.) Fern. Amphicarpaea bracteata var. comosa (L.)<br />
Fern.; Amphicarpaea comosa (L.) G. Don;<br />
Amphicarpaea monoica (L.) Ell.;<br />
Amphicarpaea pitcheri Torr. & Gray; Falcata<br />
comosa (L.) Kuntze; Glyc<strong>in</strong>e bracteata L.;<br />
Anthyllis vulneraria L.<br />
Glyc<strong>in</strong>e comosa L<br />
Apios americana Medik. Apios americana var. turrigera Fern.; Apios<br />
tuberosa Moench; Glyc<strong>in</strong>e apios L.<br />
Arachis hypogaea L.<br />
American hog-peanut<br />
common kidney-vetch<br />
common ground-nut<br />
peanut
Astragalus alp<strong>in</strong>us L. var.<br />
brunetianus Fern.<br />
Astragalus canadensis L. var.<br />
canadensis<br />
Astragalus alp<strong>in</strong>us var. labradoricus (DC.)<br />
Fern.<br />
Astragalus canadensis var. carol<strong>in</strong>ianus (L.)<br />
M.E. Jones; Astragalus canadensis var.<br />
longilobus Fassett; Astragalus carol<strong>in</strong>ianus L.<br />
alp<strong>in</strong>e milk-vetch<br />
Canada milk-vetch<br />
Astragalus contortuplicatus L. Hungarian milk-vetch<br />
Astragalus eucosmus B.L. Rob<strong>in</strong>s. Astragalus parviflorus (Pursh) MacM.; elegant milk-vetch<br />
Atelophragma elegans (Hook.) Rydb.<br />
Astragalus glycyphyllos L. licorice milk-vetch<br />
Astragalus robb<strong>in</strong>sii (Oakes) Gray Astragalus jesupii (Egglest. & Sheldon) Britt. Robb<strong>in</strong>'s milk-vetch<br />
var. jesupii Egglest. & Sheldon<br />
Astragalus robb<strong>in</strong>sii (Oakes) Gray Astragalus blakei Egglest.; Astragalus Robb<strong>in</strong>'s milk-vetch<br />
var. m<strong>in</strong>or (Hook.) Barneby<br />
robb<strong>in</strong>sii var. blakei (Egglest.) Barneby<br />
Astragalus robb<strong>in</strong>sii (Oakes) Gray Phaca robb<strong>in</strong>sii Oakes Robb<strong>in</strong>'s milk-vetch<br />
var. robb<strong>in</strong>sii<br />
Baptisia australis (L.) R. Br. ex Ait. Sophora australis L. blue wild <strong>in</strong>digo<br />
f. var. australis<br />
Baptisia bracteata Muhl. ex Ell. var. Baptisia bracteata var. glabrescens (Larisey) long-bracted wild <strong>in</strong>digo<br />
leucophaea (Nutt.) Kartesz & Gandhi Isely; Baptisia leucophaea Nutt.; Baptisia<br />
leucophaea Nutt. var. glabrescens Larisey<br />
Baptisia t<strong>in</strong>ctoria (L.) R. Br. ex Ait. Baptisia t<strong>in</strong>ctoria var. crebra Fern.; Baptisia yellow wild <strong>in</strong>digo<br />
f.<br />
t<strong>in</strong>ctoria var. projecta Fern.<br />
Caragana arborescens Lam. Siberian pea shrub<br />
Cercis canadensis L. var. canadensis<br />
redbud<br />
Chamaecrista fasciculata (Michx.) Cassia chamaecrista L.; Cassia fasciculata partridge sensitive-pea<br />
Greene<br />
Michx.<br />
Chamaecrista nictitans (L.) Moench Cassia nictitans L.; Chamaecrista procumbens wild sensitive-pea<br />
ssp. nictitans var. nictitans<br />
(L.) Greene<br />
Cicer ariet<strong>in</strong>um L.<br />
chick-pea<br />
Cladrastis kentukea (Dum.-Cours.) Cladrastis lutea (Michx. f.) K. Koch; Sophora Kentucky yellow-wood<br />
Rudd<br />
kentukea Dum.-Cours.<br />
Colutea arborescens L.<br />
bladder-senna<br />
Coronilla scorpioides (L.) W.D.J. Ornithopus scorpioides L. yellow false crown-vetch<br />
Koch<br />
Crotalaria sagittalis L. Crotalaria sagittalis var. oblonga Michx. arrow-head rattlebox<br />
Cytisus ×praecox W.J. Bean Cytisus multiflorus (L’Hér.) Sweet × C.<br />
Cytisus scoparius (L.) L<strong>in</strong>k var.<br />
scoparius<br />
purgans Spach<br />
Spartium scoparium L. Scotch broom<br />
Dalea candida Willd. Petalostemum candidum Michx. white prairie-clover<br />
Dalea lepor<strong>in</strong>a (Ait.) Bullock Dalea alopecuroides Willd.; Parosela fox-tail prairie-clover<br />
alopecuroides (Willd.) Rydb.; Parosela<br />
lepor<strong>in</strong>a Ait.<br />
Desmodium canadense (L.) DC. Hedysarum canadense L.; Meibomia<br />
canadensis (L.) Kuntze<br />
Desmodium canescens (L.) DC. Hedysarum canescens L.; Meibomia canescens<br />
(L.) Kuntze<br />
showy tick-trefoil<br />
hoary tick-trefoil
Desmodium ciliare (Muhl. ex Willd.)<br />
DC. ex Loud.<br />
Desmodium cuspidatum (Muhl. ex<br />
Willd.) DC. ex G. Don<br />
Hedysarum ciliare Muhl. ex Willd.; Meibomia<br />
ciliaris (Muhl. ex Willd.) Blake<br />
Desmodium grandiflorum DC.; Desmodium<br />
longifolium (Torr. & Gray) Smyth; Hedysarum<br />
cuspidatum Muhl. ex Willd.; Hedysarum<br />
grandiflorum Walt.; Meibomia grandiflora<br />
(DC.) Kuntze; Meibomia longifolia (Torr. &<br />
Gray) Vail<br />
Desmodium glabellum (Michx.) DC. Hedysarum glabellum Michx.; Meibomia<br />
Desmodium ×humifusum (Muhl. ex<br />
Bigelow) Beck<br />
glabella (Michx.) Kuntze<br />
Desmodium paniculatum × D. rotundifolium ;<br />
Hedysarum ×humifusum Muhl. ex Bigelow;<br />
Meibomia ×humifusa (Muhl. ex Bigelow)<br />
Kuntze<br />
Desmodium marilandicum (L.) DC. Hedysarum marilandicum L.; Meibomia<br />
marilandica (L.) Kuntze<br />
Desmodium obtusum (Muhl. ex Desmodium rigidum (Ell.) DC.; Hedysarum<br />
Willd.) DC.<br />
obtusum Muhl. ex Willd.; Meibomia obtusa<br />
(Muhl. ex Willd.) Vail; Meibomia rigida (Ell.)<br />
Kuntze<br />
Desmodium paniculatum (L.) DC. Hedysarum paniculatum L.; Meibomia<br />
paniculata (L.) Kuntze<br />
Desmodium perplexum Schub. Desmodium dillenii Darl.; Meibomia dillenii<br />
hairy small-leaved tick-trefoil<br />
large-bracted tick-trefoil<br />
smooth tick-trefoil<br />
smooth small-leaved tick-trefoil<br />
stiff tick-trefoil<br />
panicled tick-trefoil<br />
perplexed tick-trefoil<br />
(Darl.) Kuntze<br />
Desmodium rotundifolium DC. Desmodium michauxii (Vail) Daniels;<br />
round-leaved trail<strong>in</strong>g ticktrefoil<br />
Meibomia michauxii Vail; Meibomia<br />
rotundifolia (DC.) Kuntze<br />
Desmodium sessilifolium (Torr. ex Hedysarum sessilifolium Torr. ex M.A. Curtis; sessile-leaved tick-trefoil<br />
M.A. Curtis) Torr. & Gray<br />
Meibomia sessilifolia (Torr. ex M.A. Curtis)<br />
Kuntze<br />
Galega offic<strong>in</strong>alis L.<br />
professor-weed<br />
Genista t<strong>in</strong>ctoria L.<br />
dyer's greenweed<br />
Gleditsia triacanthos L. Gleditsia triacanthos var. <strong>in</strong>ermis (L.) Schneid. honey-locust<br />
Glyc<strong>in</strong>e max (L.) Merr. Phaseolus max L. soybean<br />
Glycyrrhiza lepidota Pursh Glycyrrhiza glut<strong>in</strong>osa Nutt.; Glycyrrhiza American licorice<br />
lepidota var. glut<strong>in</strong>osa (Nutt.) S. Wats.<br />
Gymnocladus dioicus (L.) K. Koch Guiland<strong>in</strong>a dioica L. Kentucky coffee-tree<br />
Hedysarum alp<strong>in</strong>um L. ssp.<br />
Hedysarum alp<strong>in</strong>um var. americanum Michx.; alp<strong>in</strong>e sweet-vetch<br />
americanum (Michx.) Fedtsch. Hedysarum americanum (Michx.) Britt.<br />
Hylodesmum glut<strong>in</strong>osum (Muhl. ex Desmodium acum<strong>in</strong>atum (Michx.) DC.; po<strong>in</strong>ted-leaved tick-trefoil<br />
Willd.) H. Ohashi & R.R. Mill Desmodium glut<strong>in</strong>osum (Muhl. ex Willd.)<br />
Wood; Hedysarum glut<strong>in</strong>osum Muhl. ex<br />
Willd ; Meibomia acum<strong>in</strong>ata (Michx ) Blake<br />
Hylodesmum nudiflorum (L.) H. Desmodium nudiflorum (L.) DC.; Hedysarum naked tick-trefoil<br />
Ohashi & R.R. Mill<br />
nudiflorum L.; Meibomia nudiflora (L.)<br />
Kuntze<br />
Kummerowia striata (Thunb.)<br />
Sch<strong>in</strong>dl.<br />
Lespedeza striata Thunb.<br />
Japanese-clover
Laburnum anagyroides Medik.<br />
golden cha<strong>in</strong>-tree<br />
Laburnum ×watereri Dipp. Laburnum alp<strong>in</strong>um Griseb. × L. anagyroides<br />
Medik.; Laburnum vossii Hart.<br />
Lathyrus aphaca L.<br />
yellow vetchl<strong>in</strong>g<br />
Lathyrus japonicus Willd. var. Lathyrus japonicus ssp. maritimus (L.) P.W. beach vetchl<strong>in</strong>g<br />
maritimus (L.) Kartesz & Gandhi Ball; Lathyrus japonicus var. glaber (Ser.)<br />
Fern.; Lathyrus japonicus Willd. var. pellitus<br />
Fern.; Lathyrus maritimus (L.) Fries; Lathyrus<br />
maritimus (L.) Fries var. glaber (Ser.) Eames;<br />
Lathyrus maritimus (L.) Fries var. pellitus<br />
Lathyrus latifolius L.<br />
(Fern ) Gleason; Pi iti L<br />
everlast<strong>in</strong>g vetchl<strong>in</strong>g<br />
Lathyrus ochroleucus Hook.<br />
cream vetchl<strong>in</strong>g<br />
Lathyrus odoratus L.<br />
sweet vetchl<strong>in</strong>g<br />
Lathyrus palustris L. Lathyrus myrtifolius Muhl. ex Willd.; Lathyrus marsh vetchl<strong>in</strong>g<br />
palustris var. macranthus (White) Fern.;<br />
Lathyrus palustris var. myrtifolius (Muhl. ex<br />
Willd.) Gray; Lathyrus palustris ssp. pilosus<br />
(Cham.) Hultén; Lathyrus palustris var. pilosus<br />
(Cham.) Ledeb.; Orobus myrtifolius (Muhl. ex<br />
Lathyrus pratensis L.<br />
Willd ) A Hall<br />
meadow vetchl<strong>in</strong>g<br />
Lathyrus sativus L.<br />
white vetchl<strong>in</strong>g<br />
Lathyrus sylvestris L.<br />
narrow-leaved vetchl<strong>in</strong>g<br />
Lathyrus tuberosus L.<br />
tuber vetchl<strong>in</strong>g<br />
Lens cul<strong>in</strong>aris Medik. Ervum lens L.; Lens esculenta Moench lentil<br />
Lespedeza ×acuticarpa Mackenzie & Lespedeza frutescens × L. virg<strong>in</strong>ica<br />
Bush<br />
Lespedeza angustifolia (Pursh) Ell. Lespedeza angustifolia var. brevifolia Britt.; narrow-leaved bush-clover<br />
Lespedeza capitata var. angustifolia Pursh<br />
Lespedeza bicolor Turcz.<br />
two-colored bush-clover<br />
Lespedeza ×brittonii Bickn. Lespedeza procumbens × L. virg<strong>in</strong>ica<br />
Lespedeza capitata Michx.<br />
Lespedeza bicknellii House; Lespedeza<br />
capitata var. stenophylla Bissell & Fern.;<br />
round-headed bush-clover<br />
Lespedeza capitata var. velut<strong>in</strong>a (Bickn.) Fern.<br />
Lespedeza cuneata (Dum.-Cours.) G.<br />
Ch<strong>in</strong>ese bush-clover<br />
Don<br />
Lespedeza cyrtobotrya Miq. leafy bush-clover<br />
Lespedeza frutescens (L.) Hornem. Hedysarum frutescens L.; Lespedeza violacea , violet bush-clover<br />
of authors not (L.) Pers.<br />
Lespedeza frutescens × L. hirta<br />
Lespedeza frutescens × L. stuevei<br />
Lespedeza hirta (L.) Hornem. ssp. Lespedeza capitata var. calyc<strong>in</strong>a (Sch<strong>in</strong>dl.) hairy bush-clover<br />
hirta<br />
Fern.; Lespedeza polystachya Michx.<br />
Lespedeza hirta × L. stuevei<br />
Lespedeza hirta × L. virg<strong>in</strong>ica<br />
Lespedeza ×longifolia DC.<br />
Lespedeza capitata × L. hirta<br />
Lespedeza ×nuttallii Darl.<br />
Lespedeza hirta × L. violacea<br />
Lespedeza procumbens Michx.<br />
trail<strong>in</strong>g bush-clover
Lespedeza procumbens × L. stuevei<br />
Lespedeza repens (L.) W. Bart. Hedysarum repens L. creep<strong>in</strong>g bush-clover<br />
Lespedeza ×simulata Mack. & Bush Lespedeza capitata × L. virg<strong>in</strong>ica<br />
Lespedeza stuevei Nutt.<br />
tall bush-clover<br />
Lespedeza thunbergii (DC.) Nakai<br />
Thunberg's bush-clover<br />
Lespedeza violacea (L.) Pers. Hedysarum violaceum L.; Lespedeza<br />
wand bush-clover<br />
<strong>in</strong>termedia (S. Wats.) Britt.; Lespedeza stuevei<br />
Nutt. var. <strong>in</strong>termedia S. Wats.<br />
Lespedeza virg<strong>in</strong>ica (L.) Britt. Medicago virg<strong>in</strong>ica L. slender bush-clover<br />
Lotus corniculatus L. Lotus corniculatus var. arvensis (Schkuhr) Ser. garden bird's-foot-trefoil<br />
ex DC.<br />
Lotus unifoliatus (Hook.) Benth. var. Acmispon americanum (Nutt.) Rydb.;<br />
American bird's-foot-trefoil<br />
unifoliatus<br />
Hosackia americana (Nutt.) Piper; Lotus<br />
americanus (Nutt.) Bisch.; Lotus purshianus<br />
F.E. & E.G. Clem. ex Ottley; Lotus purshianus<br />
F.E. & E.G. Clem. ex Ottley var. glaber (Nutt.)<br />
Munz<br />
Lup<strong>in</strong>us perennis L. ssp. perennis Lup<strong>in</strong>us perennis var. occidentalis S. Wats. sundial lup<strong>in</strong>e<br />
Lup<strong>in</strong>us polyphyllus L<strong>in</strong>dl. var. Lup<strong>in</strong>us pallidipes Heller; Lup<strong>in</strong>us<br />
blue lup<strong>in</strong>e<br />
polyphyllus<br />
polyphyllus var. albiflorus L.H. Bailey;<br />
Lup<strong>in</strong>us polyphyllus var. pallidipes (Heller)<br />
CP Sm<br />
Medicago arabica (L.) Huds. Medicago polymorpha var. arabica L. spotted medick<br />
Medicago disciformis DC.<br />
ve<strong>in</strong>less medick<br />
Medicago falcata L. Medicago sativa ssp. falcata (L.) Arcang. yellow medick<br />
Medicago lac<strong>in</strong>iata (L.) P. Mill. Trigonella lac<strong>in</strong>iata L. cut-leaved medick<br />
Medicago lupul<strong>in</strong>a L. Medicago lupul<strong>in</strong>a var. cupaniana (Guss.) black medick<br />
Boiss.; Medicago lupul<strong>in</strong>a var. glandulosa<br />
Neilr.<br />
Medicago m<strong>in</strong>ima (L.) L. Medicago m<strong>in</strong>ima var. compacta Neyraut;<br />
Medicago m<strong>in</strong>ima var. longiseta DC.;<br />
Medicago polymorpha var. m<strong>in</strong>ima L.<br />
Medicago monantha (C.A. Mey) Trigonella monantha C.A. Mey.; Trigonella<br />
Trautv.<br />
monantha C.A. Mey. ssp. noeana (Boiss.) Hub.-<br />
Mor.; Trigonella noeana Boiss.<br />
Medicago polymorpha L. Medicago hispida Gaertn.; Medicago hispida<br />
Gaertn. var. apiculata (Willd.) Urban;<br />
Medicago hispida Gaertn. var. conf<strong>in</strong>is (W.D.J.<br />
bur medick<br />
s<strong>in</strong>gle-flowered medick<br />
too<strong>the</strong>d medick<br />
Koch) Burnat<br />
Medicago praecox DC.<br />
Mediterranean medick<br />
Medicago rigidula (L.) All. Medicago agrestis Ten. ex DC. Tifton medick<br />
Medicago sativa L. Medicago sativa ssp. varia (Martyn) Arcang. purple medick<br />
Melilotus albus Medik.<br />
white sweet-clover<br />
Melilotus <strong>in</strong>dicus (L.) All. Trifolium <strong>in</strong>dicum L. Indian sweet-clover<br />
Melilotus offic<strong>in</strong>alis (L.) Lam. yellow sweet-clover<br />
Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.<br />
Sanfo<strong>in</strong><br />
Ornithopus sativus Brot. ssp. sativus<br />
common bird's-foot<br />
Oxytropis campestris (L.) DC. var. Oxytropis johannensis (Fern.) Heller St. John River oxytrope<br />
johannensis Fern.
Phaseolus cocc<strong>in</strong>eus L.<br />
scarlet bean<br />
Phaseolus polystachios (L.) B.S.P. Dolichos polystachyus L.; Phaseolus<br />
wild bean<br />
polystachios var. aquilonius Fern.; Phaseolus<br />
smilacifolius Pollard<br />
Phaseolus vulgaris L.<br />
kidney bean<br />
Pisum sativum L.<br />
Pisum arvense L.; Pisum sativum var. arvense garden pea<br />
(L.) Poir.<br />
Pueraria montana (Lour.) Merr. var. Dolichos lobatus Willd.; Pueraria lobata kudzu<br />
lobata (Willd.) Maesen & S. Almeida (Willd.) Ohwi; Pueraria thunbergiana (Sieb. &<br />
Zucc.) Benth.<br />
Rob<strong>in</strong>ia hispida L. var. fertilis Rob<strong>in</strong>ia fertilis Ashe; Rob<strong>in</strong>ia grandiflora bristly locust<br />
(Ashe) Clausen<br />
Ashe<br />
Rob<strong>in</strong>ia hispida L. var. hispida Rob<strong>in</strong>ia pallida Ashe; Rob<strong>in</strong>ia speciosa Ashe bristly locust<br />
Rob<strong>in</strong>ia ×margarettae Ashe Rob<strong>in</strong>ia hispida × R. pseudoacacia ; Rob<strong>in</strong>ia<br />
×slav<strong>in</strong>ii Rehd.<br />
Rob<strong>in</strong>ia pseudoacacia L. black locust<br />
Rob<strong>in</strong>ia viscosa Vent. var. viscosa<br />
clammy locust<br />
Scorpiurus muricatus L. Scorpiurus subvillosus L.; Scorpiurus prickly scorpion's-tail<br />
sulcatus L.<br />
Securigera varia (L.) Lassen Coronilla varia L. purple crown-vetch<br />
Senna hebecarpa (Fern.) Irw<strong>in</strong> & Cassia hebecarpa Fern.<br />
nor<strong>the</strong>rn wild senna<br />
Barneby<br />
Senna obtusifolia (L.) Irw<strong>in</strong> & Cassia obtusifolia L. sickle-pod wild senna<br />
Barneby<br />
Sesbania herbacea (P. Mill.) Darw<strong>in</strong>ia exaltata Raf.; Sesban exaltatus (Raf.) tall river-hemp<br />
McVaugh<br />
Rydb.; Sesbania exaltata (Raf.) Corey;<br />
Sesbania macrocarpa Muhl.<br />
Strophostyles helvola (L.) Ell. Phaseolus helvolus L.; Strophostyles helvola annual woolly bean<br />
var. missouriensis (S. Wats.) Britt.<br />
Strophostyles leiosperma (Torr. & Phaseolus leiospermus Torr. & Gray small-flowered woolly bean<br />
Gray) Piper<br />
Strophostyles umbellata<br />
Glyc<strong>in</strong>e umbellata Muhl. ex Willd.;<br />
perennial woolly bean<br />
(Muhl.) Britt.<br />
Strophostyles umbellata var. paludigena Fern.<br />
Tephrosia virg<strong>in</strong>iana (L.) Pers.<br />
Cracca latidens Small; Cracca virg<strong>in</strong>iana L.;<br />
Tephrosia latidens (Small) Standl.; Tephrosia<br />
virg<strong>in</strong>iana var. glabra Nutt.; Tephrosia<br />
virg<strong>in</strong>iana var. holosericea (Nutt.) Torr. & Gray<br />
wild goat's-rue<br />
Thermopsis villosa (Walt.) Fern. & Thermopsis carol<strong>in</strong>iana M.A. Curtis Blue Ridge false lup<strong>in</strong>e<br />
Schub.<br />
Trifolium arvense L.<br />
rabbit-foot clover<br />
Trifolium aureum Pollich Trifolium agrarium L. palmate hop clover<br />
Trifolium campestre Schreb. Trifolium procumbens , of L. (1755), not L. p<strong>in</strong>nate hop clover<br />
(1753)<br />
Trifolium dalmaticum Vis.<br />
Balkan clover
Trifolium dichotomum Hook. & Arn. Trifolium albopurpureum Torr. & Gray var.<br />
dichotomum (Hook. & Arn.) Isely; Trifolium<br />
macraei Hook. & Arn. var. dichotomum (Hook.<br />
branched Indian clover<br />
& Arn ) Brewer ex S Wats<br />
Trifolium dubium Sibthorp<br />
lesser hop clover<br />
Trifolium ech<strong>in</strong>atum Bieb. Trifolium sup<strong>in</strong>um Savi prickly clover<br />
Trifolium fragiferum L.<br />
strawberry clover<br />
Trifolium glomeratum L.<br />
clustered clover<br />
Trifolium hybridum L. Trifolium elegans Savi; Trifolium hybridum alsike clover<br />
ssp. elegans (Savi) Aschers. & Graebn.;<br />
Trifolium hybridum var. elegans (Savi) Boiss.;<br />
Trifolium hybridum var pratense Rabenh<br />
Trifolium <strong>in</strong>carnatum L. Trifolium <strong>in</strong>carnatum var. elatius Gibelli & crimson clover<br />
Belli<br />
Trifolium medium L.<br />
zigzag clover<br />
Trifolium pratense L. Trifolium pratense var. sativum (P. Mill.) red clover<br />
Schreb.<br />
Trifolium purpureum Lois.<br />
purple clover<br />
Trifolium repens L.<br />
white clover<br />
Trifolium resup<strong>in</strong>atum L.<br />
Persian clover<br />
Trifolium striatum L.<br />
knotted clover<br />
Trifolium subterraneum L.<br />
burrow<strong>in</strong>g clover<br />
Trifolium tomentosum L.<br />
woolly clover<br />
Trigonella corniculata (L.) L. cultivated fenugreek<br />
Ulex europaeus L.<br />
common gorse<br />
Vicia cracca L. ssp. cracca<br />
bird vetch<br />
Vicia faba L.<br />
broad vetch<br />
Vicia grandiflora Scop. Vicia grandiflora var. kitaibeliana W.D.J. large yellow vetch<br />
Koch<br />
Vicia hirsuta (L.) S.F. Gray Ervum hirsutum L. t<strong>in</strong>y vetch<br />
Vicia lathyroides L.<br />
spr<strong>in</strong>g vetch<br />
Vicia pannonica Crantz<br />
Hungarian vetch<br />
Vicia sativa L. ssp. nigra (L.) Ehrh. Vicia angustifolia L.; Vicia angustifolia L. common vetch<br />
var. segetalis (Thuill.) W.D.J. Koch; Vicia<br />
sativa var. angustifolia (L.) Ser.; Vicia sativa<br />
var. nigra L.; Vicia sativa var. segetalis<br />
(Thuill ) Ser<br />
Vicia sativa L. ssp. sativa Vicia sativa var. l<strong>in</strong>earis Lange common vetch<br />
Vicia sepium L. Vicia sepium var. montana W.D.J. Koch hedge vetch<br />
Vicia tetrasperma (L.) Schreb. Ervum tetraspermum L.; Vicia tetrasperma four-seeded vetch<br />
var. tenuissima Druce<br />
Vicia villosa Roth ssp. varia (Host) Vicia dasycarpa Ten.; Vicia varia Host hairy vetch<br />
Corb.<br />
Vicia villosa Roth ssp. villosa<br />
hairy vetch<br />
Wisteria floribunda (Willd.) DC. Glyc<strong>in</strong>e floribunda Willd.; Kraunhia<br />
Japanese wisteria<br />
floribunda (Willd.) Taubert; Rehsonia<br />
floribunda (Willd.) Stritch
Wisteria frutescens (L.) Poir. Glyc<strong>in</strong>e frutescens L.; Kraunhia frutescens (L.)<br />
Greene; Kraunhia macrostachya (Torr. & Gray)<br />
Small; Wisteria frutescens var. macrostachya<br />
Torr. & Gray; Wisteria macrostachya (Torr. &<br />
Gray) Nutt. ex B.L. Rob<strong>in</strong>s. & Fern.<br />
American wisteria<br />
Wisteria s<strong>in</strong>ensis (Sims) DC.<br />
Fagaceae<br />
Glyc<strong>in</strong>e s<strong>in</strong>ensis Sims; Rehsonia s<strong>in</strong>ensis<br />
(Sims) Stritch<br />
Ch<strong>in</strong>ese wisteria<br />
beech family<br />
Castanea dentata (Marsh.) Borkh. Fagus-castanea dentata Marsh. American chestnut<br />
Castanea mollissima Blume<br />
Ch<strong>in</strong>ese chestnut<br />
Castanea pumila P. Mill. Castanea alnifolia Nutt.; Castanea alnifolia dwarf chestnut<br />
Nutt. var. floridana Sarg.; Castanea ashei<br />
(Sudworth) Sudworth; Castanea floridana<br />
(Sarg.) Ashe; Castanea pumila var. ashei<br />
Sudworth<br />
Castanea sativa P. Mill.<br />
Spanish chestnut<br />
Fagus grandifolia Ehrh. Fagus grandifolia var. carol<strong>in</strong>iana (Loud.) American beech<br />
Fern. & Rehd.<br />
Fagus sylvatica L.<br />
European beech<br />
Quercus alba L.<br />
eastern white oak<br />
Quercus ×bebbiana Schneid. Quercus alba × Q. macrocarpa<br />
Quercus ×benderi Baenitz<br />
Quercus cocc<strong>in</strong>ea × Q. rubra<br />
Quercus bicolor Willd.<br />
swamp white oak<br />
Quercus ×bimundorum Palmer Quercus alba × Q. robur<br />
Quercus cerris L.<br />
European turkey oak<br />
Quercus cocc<strong>in</strong>ea Muenchh. Quercus cocc<strong>in</strong>ea var. tuberculata Sarg. scarlet oak<br />
Quercus ×faxonii Trel.<br />
Quercus alba × Q. pr<strong>in</strong>oides<br />
Quercus ×fernaldii Trel. Quercus illicifolia × Q. rubra<br />
Quercus ×fernowii Trel.<br />
Quercus alba × Q. stellata<br />
Quercus ×fontana Laughl<strong>in</strong> Quercus cocc<strong>in</strong>ea × Q. velut<strong>in</strong>a<br />
Quercus ×hawk<strong>in</strong>sii Sudworth Quercus rubra × Q. velut<strong>in</strong>a ; Quercus<br />
×porteri Trel.<br />
Quercus ilicifolia Wangenh.<br />
scrub oak<br />
Quercus imbricaria Michx.<br />
sh<strong>in</strong>gle oak<br />
Quercus ×leana Nutt. Quercus imbricaria × Q. velut<strong>in</strong>a<br />
Quercus ×jackiana Schneid. Quercus alba × Q. bicolor<br />
Quercus macrocarpa Michx. Quercus macrocarpa var. depressa (Nutt.) burr oak<br />
Engelm.; Quercus mandanensis Rydb.<br />
Quercus montana Willd. Quercus pr<strong>in</strong>us L. mounta<strong>in</strong> chestnut oak<br />
Quercus muehlenbergii Engelm. Quercus acum<strong>in</strong>ata (Michx.) Sargent; Quercus yellow chestnut oak<br />
pr<strong>in</strong>oides var. acum<strong>in</strong>ata (Michx.) Gleason;<br />
Quercus pr<strong>in</strong>us L. var. acum<strong>in</strong>ata Michx.<br />
Quercus palustris Muenchh.<br />
p<strong>in</strong> oak<br />
Quercus phellos L.<br />
willow oak<br />
Quercus pr<strong>in</strong>oides Willd. Quercus pr<strong>in</strong>oides var. rufescens Rehd. dwarf chestnut oak<br />
Quercus ×rehderii Trel. Quercus ilicifolia × Q. velut<strong>in</strong>a<br />
Quercus ×robb<strong>in</strong>sii Trel.<br />
Quercus cocc<strong>in</strong>ea × Q. ilicifolia<br />
Quercus robur L.<br />
English oak
Quercus rubra L.<br />
Quercus borealis Michx. f.; Quercus borealis<br />
Michx. f. var. maxima (Marsh.) Ashe; Quercus<br />
rubra var. ambigua (Gray) Fern.; Quercus<br />
rubra var borealis (Michx f ) Farw<br />
Quercus ×saulii Schneid.<br />
Quercus alba × Q. montana<br />
Quercus ×schuettei Trel.<br />
Quercus bicolor × Q. macrocarpa ; Quercus<br />
×hillii Trel.<br />
Quercus stellata Wangenh.<br />
Quercus ×stelloides Palmer Quercus pr<strong>in</strong>oides × Q. stellata<br />
Quercus ×vaga Palmer & Steyermark Quercus palustris × Q. velut<strong>in</strong>a<br />
nor<strong>the</strong>rn red oak<br />
post oak<br />
Quercus velut<strong>in</strong>a Lam.<br />
Frankeniaceae<br />
Frankenia pulverulenta L.<br />
Gentianaceae<br />
Bartonia iodandra B.L. Rob<strong>in</strong>s. Bartonia paniculata var. <strong>in</strong>termedia Fern.;<br />
Bartonia paniculata ssp. iodandra (B.L.<br />
Rob<strong>in</strong>s.) J. Gillett; Bartonia paniculata var.<br />
iodandra (B.L. Rob<strong>in</strong>s.) Fern.; Bartonia<br />
paniculata var. sabulonensis (Fern.) Fern.;<br />
Bartonia virg<strong>in</strong>ica var. sabulonensis (Fern.)<br />
Boiv<strong>in</strong><br />
Bartonia paniculata (Michx.) Muhl. Bartonia lanceolata Small; Bartonia virg<strong>in</strong>ica<br />
var. paniculata (Michx.) Boiv<strong>in</strong>; Centaurella<br />
black oak<br />
sea-heath family<br />
European sea-heath<br />
gentian family<br />
purple screwstem<br />
tw<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g screwstem<br />
paniculata Michx.<br />
Bartonia virg<strong>in</strong>ica (L.) B.S.P. Sag<strong>in</strong>a virg<strong>in</strong>ica L. Virg<strong>in</strong>ia screwstem<br />
Centaurium erythraea Raf. Centaurium umbellatum , of authors not Gilib. European centaury<br />
Centaurium pulchellum (Sw.) E.H.L. Gentiana pulchella Sw. branched centaury<br />
Krause<br />
Frasera albicaulis Dougl. ex Griseb. Frasera albicaulis var. nitida (Benth.) C.L. white-stemmed elkweed<br />
ssp. nitida (Benth.) C.L. Hitchc. Hitchc.; Frasera nitida Benth.; Swertia<br />
albicaulis (Dougl. ex Griseb.) Kuntze var.<br />
nitida (Benth.) Jepson; Swertia nitida (Benth.)<br />
Gentiana andrewsii Griseb. var.<br />
andrewsii<br />
Jepson<br />
Dasystephana andrewsii (Griseb.) Small;<br />
Pneumonan<strong>the</strong> andrewsii (Griseb.) W.A. Weber<br />
Andrew's bottle gentian<br />
Gentiana clausa Raf.<br />
Gentiana l<strong>in</strong>earis Froel. Dasystephana l<strong>in</strong>earis (Froel.) Britt.; Gentiana<br />
saponaria L. var. l<strong>in</strong>earis (Froel.) Griseb.<br />
Gentiana rubricaulis Schwe<strong>in</strong>. Dasystephana grayi (Kusnez.) Britt.; Gentiana<br />
l<strong>in</strong>earis ssp. rubricaulis (Schwe<strong>in</strong>.) J. Gillett;<br />
Gentiana l<strong>in</strong>earis var. lanceolata Gray;<br />
Gentiana l<strong>in</strong>earis var latifolia Gray<br />
meadow bottle gentian<br />
narrow-leaved gentian<br />
red-stemmed gentian
Gentianella amarella (L.) Boerner<br />
ssp. acuta (Michx.) J. Gilbert<br />
Amarella acuta (Michx.) Raf.; Gentiana acuta<br />
Michx.; Gentiana amarella L. ssp. acuta<br />
(Michx.) Hultén; Gentiana amarella L. var.<br />
acuta (Michx.) Herder; Gentiana amarella L.<br />
var. stricta (Griseb.) S. Wats.; Gentianella<br />
acuta (Michx.) Hiitonen; Gentianella amarella<br />
Gentianella qu<strong>in</strong>quefolia (L.) Small<br />
var t (Michx ) Herder<br />
Gentiana amarelloides Michx.; Gentiana<br />
ssp. qu<strong>in</strong>quefolia<br />
qu<strong>in</strong>quefolia L.<br />
Gentianopsis cr<strong>in</strong>ita (Froel.) Ma Anthopogon cr<strong>in</strong>itum (Froel.) Raf.; Gentiana<br />
cr<strong>in</strong>ita Froel.; Gentianella cr<strong>in</strong>ita (Froel.) G.<br />
Don<br />
Halenia deflexa (Sm.) Griseb. ssp. Halenia heterantha Griseb.; Halenia deflexa<br />
deflexa<br />
var. heterantha (Griseb.) Fern.; Swertia deflexa<br />
Sm.; Tetragonanthus deflexus (Sm.) Kuntze<br />
nor<strong>the</strong>rn dwarf-gentian<br />
stiff dwarf-gentian<br />
greater fr<strong>in</strong>ged-gentian<br />
American spurred-gentian<br />
Lomatogonium rotatum (L.) Fries ex Gentiana rotata (L.) Froel.; Pleurogyne rotata marsh-felwort<br />
Fern.<br />
(L.) Griseb.; Swertia rotata L.<br />
Sabatia angularis (L.) Pursh Chironia angularis L. common rose-gentian<br />
Sabatia campanulata (L.) Torr. Chironia campanulata L.; Sabatia<br />
slender rose-gentian<br />
campanulata var. gracilis (Michx.) Fern.;<br />
Sabatia gracilis (Michx.) Salisb.<br />
Sabatia campestris Nutt. Sabatia nervosa Raf. western rose-gentian<br />
Sabatia dodecandra (L.) B.S.P. var. Chironia chloroides Michx.; Chironia perennial rose-gentian<br />
dodecandra<br />
dodecandra L.; Sabatia chloroides (Michx.)<br />
Pursh<br />
Sabatia kennedyana Fern. Sabatia dodecandra var. kennedyana (Fern.) Plymouth rose-gentian<br />
Ahles<br />
Sabatia stellaris Pursh Chironia amoena Raf.; Chironia stellata annual rose-gentian<br />
Muhl.; Sabatia amoena (Raf.) G. Don; Sabatia<br />
maculata (Benth.) Benth. ex Gray; Sabatia<br />
maritima Raf ; Sabatia simmulata Britt<br />
Schenkia spicata (L.) Mansion Centaurium spicatum (L.) Fritsch; Gentiana<br />
Geraniaceae<br />
Erodium botrys (Cav.) Bertol.<br />
Erodium ciconium (L.) L’Hér. ex Ait.<br />
spicata L.<br />
spiked centaury<br />
geranium family<br />
long-beaked stork's-bill<br />
common stork's-bill<br />
Erodium cicutarium (L.) L’Hér. ex<br />
red-stemmed stork's-bill<br />
Ait. ssp. cicutarium<br />
Erodium cygnorum Nees<br />
Australian stork's-bill<br />
Erodium malacoides (L.) L’Hér. ex Geranium malacoides L. Mediterranean stork's-bill<br />
Ait.<br />
Erodium moschatum (L.) L’Hér. ex<br />
musky stork's-bill<br />
Ait. var. praecox Lange<br />
Erodium stephanianum Willd.<br />
Stephen's stork's-bill<br />
Geranium aequale (Bab.) Aedo Geranium molle var. aequale Bab. smooth Dove's-foot crane's-bill
Geranium bicknellii Britt. Geranium bicknellii var. longipes (S. Wats.)<br />
Fern.; Geranium carol<strong>in</strong>ianum var. longipes S.<br />
Wats.<br />
Geranium carol<strong>in</strong>ianum L. Geranium carol<strong>in</strong>ianum var. confertiflorum<br />
Fern.; Geranium carol<strong>in</strong>ianum var.<br />
sphaerospermum (Fern.) Breitung; Geranium<br />
dissectum var. carol<strong>in</strong>ianum (L.) Hook. f.;<br />
nor<strong>the</strong>rn crane's-bill<br />
Carol<strong>in</strong>a crane's-bill<br />
Geranium sphaerospermum Fern<br />
Geranium columb<strong>in</strong>um L.<br />
long-stalked crane's-bill<br />
Geranium dissectum L. Geranium laxum Hanks ex Hanks & Small cut-leaved crane's-bill<br />
Geranium maculatum L.<br />
spotted crane's-bill<br />
Geranium molle L.<br />
dove's-foot crane's-bill<br />
Geranium pratense L.<br />
meadow crane's-bill<br />
Geranium pusillum L.<br />
small-flowered crane's-bill<br />
Geranium pyrenaicum Burm. f.<br />
hedgerow crane's-bill<br />
Geranium robertianum L. Robertiella robertiana (L.) Hanks mounta<strong>in</strong> crane's-bill<br />
Geranium sangu<strong>in</strong>eum L.<br />
bloody crane's-bill<br />
Geranium sibiricum L.<br />
Siberian crane's-bill<br />
Geranium thunbergii Sieb. & Zucc. ex Geranium nepalense Sweet var. thunbergii dew-drop crane's-bill<br />
L<strong>in</strong>dl. & Paxton<br />
(Sieb. & Zucc. ex L<strong>in</strong>dl. & Paxton ) Kudo<br />
Grossulariaceae<br />
gooseberry family<br />
Ribes americanum P. Mill. Ribes floridum L’Hér. eastern black currant<br />
Ribes aureum Pursh var. villosum DC. Ribes odoratum H. Wendl. golden currant<br />
Ribes cynosbati L. Grossularia cynosbati (L.) P. Mill.; Ribes<br />
cynosbati var. atrox Fern.; Ribes cynosbati var.<br />
glabratum Fern.; Ribes cynosbati var. <strong>in</strong>erme<br />
(Rehd ) Bailey<br />
Ribes glandulosum Grauer Ribes prostratum L’Hér.; Ribes res<strong>in</strong>osum<br />
Pursh<br />
Ribes hirtellum Michx. Grossularia hirtella (Michx.) Spach; Ribes<br />
hirtellum var. calcicola (Fern.) Fern.; Ribes<br />
hirtellum var. saxosum (Hook.) Fern.; Ribes<br />
oxyacanthoides var. calcicola Fern.; Ribes<br />
oxyacanthoides var. hirtellum (Michx.)<br />
Scoggan; Ribes oxyacanthoides var. saxosum<br />
Ribes lacustre (Pers.) Poir.<br />
(Hook ) Coville<br />
Limnobotrya lacustris (Pers.) Rydb.; Ribes<br />
oxyacanthoides L. var. lacustre Pers.<br />
Ribes missouriense Nutt. Grossularia missouriensis (Nutt.) Coville &<br />
Britt.<br />
Ribes nigrum L.<br />
Ribes rotundifolium Michx. Grossularia rotundifolia (Michx.) Coville &<br />
Britt.; Ribes stam<strong>in</strong>eum Hornem.; Ribes<br />
triflorum Willd.<br />
Ribes rubrum L.<br />
Ribes sativum Syme; Ribes sylvestre (Lam.)<br />
Mert. & Koch; Ribes vulgare Lam.<br />
Ribes triste Pallas<br />
Ribes rubrum var. alaskanum (Berger) Boiv<strong>in</strong>;<br />
Ribes triste var. alb<strong>in</strong>ervium (Michx.) Fern.<br />
eastern prickly gooseberry<br />
skunk currant<br />
hairy-stemmed gooseberry<br />
bristly swamp currant<br />
Missouri gooseberry<br />
garden black currant<br />
Appalachian gooseberry<br />
garden red currant<br />
swamp red currant
Ribes uva-crispa L. var. sativum DC. Grossularia recl<strong>in</strong>ata (L.) P. Mill.; Ribes<br />
grossularia L.; Ribes uva-crispa ssp.<br />
recl<strong>in</strong>atum (L.) Reichenb.<br />
Haloragaceae<br />
Myriophyllum alterniflorum DC. Myriophyllum alterniflorum var. americanum<br />
Pugsley<br />
Myriophyllum aquaticum (Vell.) Enydria aquatica Vell.; Myriophyllum<br />
Verdc.<br />
brasiliense Camb.; Myriophyllum<br />
proserp<strong>in</strong>acoides Gillies ex Hook. & Arn.<br />
Myriophyllum farwellii Morong<br />
Myriophyllum heterophyllum Michx.<br />
Myriophyllum humile (Raf.) Morong Burshia humilis Raf.; Myriophyllum<br />
ambiguum Nutt. var. natans DC.;<br />
Myriophyllum capillaceum Torr.;<br />
Myriophyllum humile forma capillaceum (Torr.)<br />
Fern.; Myriophyllum humile forma natans (DC.)<br />
Fern<br />
Myriophyllum p<strong>in</strong>natum (Walt.) Myriophyllum scabratum Michx.;<br />
B.S.P.<br />
Potamogeton p<strong>in</strong>natum Walt.<br />
Myriophyllum sibiricum Komarov Myriophyllum exalbescens Fern.;<br />
Myriophyllum spicatum ssp. exalbescens<br />
(Fern.) Hultén; Myriophyllum spicatum var.<br />
exalbescens (Fern ) Jepson<br />
Myriophyllum spicatum L.<br />
Myriophyllum tenellum Bigelow<br />
Myriophyllum verticillatum L. Myriophyllum verticillatum var. <strong>in</strong>termedium<br />
W.D.J. Koch; Myriophyllum verticillatum var.<br />
pect<strong>in</strong>atum Wallr.<br />
Proserp<strong>in</strong>aca ×<strong>in</strong>termedia Mackenzie Proserp<strong>in</strong>aca palustris × P. pect<strong>in</strong>ata<br />
European gooseberry<br />
water-milfoil family<br />
alternate-flowered water-milfoil<br />
Parrot's-fea<strong>the</strong>r water-milfoil<br />
Farwell's water-milfoil<br />
variable-leaved water-milfoil<br />
low water-milfoil<br />
cut-leaved water-milfoil<br />
nor<strong>the</strong>rn water-milfoil<br />
Eurasian water-milfoil<br />
slender water-milfoil<br />
whorled water-milfoil<br />
Proserp<strong>in</strong>aca palustris L. Proserp<strong>in</strong>aca amblyogona (Fern.) Small;<br />
Proserp<strong>in</strong>aca <strong>in</strong>termedia Mackenzie;<br />
Proserp<strong>in</strong>aca palustris var. amblyogona Fern.;<br />
Proserp<strong>in</strong>aca palustris var. crebra Fern. &<br />
Grisc.; Proserp<strong>in</strong>aca palustris var. latifolia<br />
marsh mermaid-weed<br />
Sch<strong>in</strong>dl<br />
Proserp<strong>in</strong>aca pect<strong>in</strong>ata Lam. comb-leaved mermaid-weed<br />
Hamamelidaceae<br />
witch-hazel family<br />
Hamamelis virg<strong>in</strong>iana L. Hamamelis virg<strong>in</strong>iana var. parvifolia Nutt. American witch-hazel<br />
Hydrangeaceae<br />
hydrangea family<br />
Deutzia scabra Thunb. Deutzia scabra var. plena (Maxim.) Rehd. fuzzy pride-of-Rochester<br />
Hydrangea arborescens L. Hydrangea arborescens var. oblonga Torr. & American hydrangea<br />
Gray; Hydrangea arborescens var. sterilis Torr.<br />
& Gray<br />
Hydrangea c<strong>in</strong>erea Small Hydrangea arborescens ssp. discolor (Ser. ex<br />
DC.) McCl<strong>in</strong>tock; Hydrangea arborescens var.<br />
Hydrangea paniculata Sieb.<br />
discolor Ser. ex DC.<br />
ashy hydrangea<br />
panicled hydrangea
Hydrangea quercifolia Bartr.<br />
oak-leaved hydrangea<br />
Philadelphus coronarius L. sweet mock-orange<br />
Philadelphus <strong>in</strong>odorus L. Philadelphus gloriosus Beadle; Philadelphus scentless mock-orange<br />
grandiflorus Willd.; Philadelphus <strong>in</strong>odorus<br />
var. grandiflorus (Willd.) Gray<br />
Philadelphus pubescens Loisel. Philadelphus <strong>in</strong>tectus Beadle; Philadelphus<br />
latifolius Schrad. ex DC.; Philadelphus<br />
Hypericaceae<br />
pubescens var. <strong>in</strong>tectus (Beadle) A.H. Moore<br />
hoary mock-orange<br />
St. John's-wort family<br />
Hypericum adpressum Raf. ex Bart.<br />
creep<strong>in</strong>g St. John's-wort<br />
Hypericum ascyron L. Hypericum pyramidatum Ait. great St. John's-wort<br />
Hypericum boreale (Britt.) Bickn. Hypericum mutilum ssp. boreale (Britt.) J. nor<strong>the</strong>rn St. John's-wort<br />
Gillett<br />
Hypericum canadense L. Hypericum canadense var. galiiforme Fern.; lesser St. John's-wort<br />
Hypericum canadense var. magn<strong>in</strong>sulare<br />
Wea<strong>the</strong>rby<br />
Hypericum canadense × H. majus<br />
Hypericum canadense × H. mutilum<br />
Hypericum densiflorum Pursh Hypericum glomeratum Small bushy St. John's-wort<br />
Hypericum ×dissimulatum Bickn. Hypericum boreale × H. canadense<br />
Hypericum dolabriforme Vent. Hypericum bissellii B.L. Rob<strong>in</strong>s. straggl<strong>in</strong>g St. John's-wort<br />
Hypericum ellipticum Hook.<br />
pale St. John's-wort<br />
Hypericum frondosum Michx. Hypericum aureum Bartr. cedar glade St. John's-wort<br />
Hypericum gentianoides (L.) B.S.P. Sarothra gentianoides L. orange-grass St. John's-wort<br />
Hypericum majus (Gray) Britt. Hypericum canadense var. majus Gray greater Canada St. John's-wort<br />
Hypericum majus × H. mutilum<br />
Hypericum mutilum L. Hypericum mutilum var. parviflorum (Willd.) dwarf St. John's-wort<br />
Fern.<br />
Hypericum perforatum L. ssp.<br />
common St. John's-wort<br />
perforatum<br />
Hypericum prolificum L. Hypericum spathulatum (Spach) Steud. shrubby St. John's-wort<br />
Hypericum punctatum Lam. Hypericum subpetiolatum Bickn. ex Small spotted St. John's-wort<br />
Hypericum stragulum P. Adams & Ascyrum hypericoides L. var. multicaule multi-stemmed St. John's-wort<br />
Robson<br />
(Michx. ex Willd.) Fern.; Hypericum<br />
hypericoides (L.) Crantz ssp. multicaule<br />
(Michx. ex Willd.) Robson; Hypericum<br />
hypericoides (L.) Crantz var. multicaule (Michx.<br />
Triadenum fraseri (Spach) Gleason<br />
ex Willd ) Fosberg<br />
Elodea fraseri Spach; Hypericum virg<strong>in</strong>icum<br />
L. var. fraseri (Spach) Fern.; Triadenum<br />
virg<strong>in</strong>icum ssp. fraseri (Spach) J. Gillett;<br />
Triadenum virg<strong>in</strong>icum var. fraseri (Spach)<br />
Fraser's marsh-St. John's-wort<br />
Cooperrider<br />
Triadenum virg<strong>in</strong>icum (L.) Raf. Hypericum virg<strong>in</strong>icum L. Virg<strong>in</strong>ia marsh-St. John's-wort<br />
Juglandaceae<br />
walnut family<br />
Carya cordiformis (Wangenh.) K.<br />
Koch<br />
Carya cordiformis var. latifolia Sarg.; Hicoria<br />
cordiformis (Wangenh.) Britt.; Juglans<br />
cordiformis Wangenh.<br />
bitternut hickory
Carya glabra (P. Mill.) Sweet<br />
Carya glabra var. hirsuta (Ashe) Ashe; Carya<br />
glabra var. megacarpa (Sarg.) Sarg.; Carya<br />
ovalis (Wangenh.) Sarg. var. hirsuta (Ashe)<br />
Sarg.; Hicoria glabra (P. Mill.) Britt.; Hicoria<br />
glabra (P. Mill.) Britt. var. hirsuta Ashe<br />
pignut hickory<br />
Carya lac<strong>in</strong>iosa (Michx. f.) Loud. Hicoria lac<strong>in</strong>iosa (Michx. f.) Sarg.; Juglans shellbark hickory<br />
lac<strong>in</strong>iosa Michx. f.<br />
Carya ×laneyi Sarg. Carya cordiformis × C. ovata<br />
Carya ovata (P. Mill.) K. Koch Carya ovata var. pubescens Sarg.; Hicoria shagbark hickory<br />
ovata (P. Mill.) Britt.; Juglans alba L., <strong>in</strong> part<br />
Carya tomentosa (Poir. <strong>in</strong> Lam.) Carya alba (L.) Nutt. ex Ell., <strong>in</strong> part; Carya mockernut hickory<br />
Nutt.<br />
tomentosa (Poir. <strong>in</strong> Lam.) Nutt. var.<br />
subcoriacea (Sarg.) Palmer & Steyermark;<br />
Hicoria tomentosa (Poir. <strong>in</strong> Lam.) Raf.; Juglans<br />
alba L., <strong>in</strong> part; Juglans tomentosa Poir. <strong>in</strong><br />
Lam<br />
Juglans ailantifolia Carr. Juglans sieboldiana Maxim. Japanese walnut<br />
Juglans ×bixbyi Rehd. Juglans ailantifolia × J. c<strong>in</strong>erea<br />
Juglans c<strong>in</strong>erea L. Wallia c<strong>in</strong>erea (L.) Alef. white walnut<br />
Juglans nigra L. Wallia nigra (L.) Alef. black walnut<br />
Lamiaceae<br />
m<strong>in</strong>t family<br />
Agastache foeniculum (Pursh) Kuntze Agastache anethiodora (Nutt.) Britt.;<br />
lavender giant-hyssop<br />
Hyssopus anethiodorus Nutt.<br />
Agastache foeniculum × A. rugosa<br />
Fisch. & C.A. Mey.) Kuntze<br />
Agastache nepetoides (L.) Kuntze Hyssopus nepetoides L. catnip giant-hyssop<br />
Agastache scrophulariifolia (Willd.) Agastache scrophulariifolia var. mollis (Fern.) purple giant-hyssop<br />
Kuntze<br />
Heller; Hyssopus scrophulariifolius Willd.<br />
Ajuga genevensis L.<br />
stand<strong>in</strong>g bugle<br />
Ajuga reptans L.<br />
carpet bugle<br />
Ballota nigra L. var. alba (L.) Sm. Ballota alba L.; Ballota borealis Schweig.; black-horehound<br />
Ballota nigra ssp. foetida (Koch) Hayek<br />
Ballota nigra L. var. nigra Ballota nigra var. ruderalis (Sw.) Koch black-horehound<br />
Blephilia ciliata (L.) Benth. Monarda ciliata L. downy wood-m<strong>in</strong>t<br />
Blephilia hirsuta (Pursh) Benth. var.<br />
hairy wood-m<strong>in</strong>t<br />
glabrata Fern.<br />
Blephilia hirsuta (Pursh) Benth. var. Monarda hirsuta Pursh hairy wood-m<strong>in</strong>t<br />
hirsuta<br />
Cl<strong>in</strong>opodium ac<strong>in</strong>os (L.) Kuntze Ac<strong>in</strong>os arvensis (Lam.) Dandy; Calam<strong>in</strong>tha basil-thyme<br />
ac<strong>in</strong>os (L.) Clairville ex Gaud.; Satureja ac<strong>in</strong>os<br />
(L.) Scheele; Thymus ac<strong>in</strong>os L.<br />
Cl<strong>in</strong>opodium vulgare L. Calam<strong>in</strong>tha vulgaris (L.) Halácsy; Satureja wild basil<br />
vulgaris (L.) Fritsch; Satureja vulgaris (L.)<br />
Fritsch var. neogaea Fern.<br />
Coll<strong>in</strong>sonia canadensis L. nor<strong>the</strong>rn horsebalm<br />
Dracocephalum moldavica L. Moldavica moldavica (L.) Britt. Moldavian dragonhead<br />
Dracocephalum parviflorum Nutt. Moldavica parviflora (Nutt.) Britt. American dragonhead<br />
Dracocephalum thymiflorum L. Moldavica thymiflora (L.) Rydb. thyme-leaved dragonhead
Elsholtzia ciliata (Thunb.) Hyl. Elsholtzia cristata Willd.; Sideritis ciliata<br />
Thunb.<br />
Galeopsis bifida Boenn. Galeopsis tetrahit var. bifida (Boenn.) Lej. &<br />
Court.<br />
Galeopsis ladanum L. Galeopsis ladanum var. latifolia (Hoffman)<br />
Wallr.<br />
Galeopsis tetrahit L.<br />
Glechoma hederacea L.<br />
Glechoma hederacea var. micrantha Moric.;<br />
Glechoma hederacea var. parviflora (Benth.)<br />
House; Nepeta hederacea (L.) Trevisan<br />
Hedeoma hispida Pursh<br />
Hedeoma pulegioides (L.) Pers. Cunila pulegioides L.; Melissa pulegioides<br />
Hyssopus offic<strong>in</strong>alis L.<br />
Lamium album L. ssp. album<br />
Lamium amplexicaule L. var.<br />
amplexicaule<br />
Lamium galeobdolon (L.) L. ssp.<br />
galeobdolon<br />
Lamium maculatum L.<br />
Lamium purpureum L. var. <strong>in</strong>cisum<br />
(Willd.) Pers.<br />
Lamium purpureum L. var. purpureum<br />
(L.) L.<br />
Galeobdolon argentatum Smejkal;<br />
Galeobdolon luteum Huds.; Lamiastrum<br />
galeobdolon (L.) Ehrend. & Polatschek<br />
Lamium dissectum With.; Lamium hybridum ,<br />
of authors not Vill.<br />
crested late-summer-m<strong>in</strong>t<br />
split-lipped hemp-nettle<br />
red hemp-nettle<br />
brittle-stemmed hemp-nettle<br />
Gill-over-<strong>the</strong>-ground<br />
rough false pennyroyal<br />
American false pennyroyal<br />
hyssop<br />
white henbit<br />
common henbit<br />
yellow henbit<br />
spotted henbit<br />
red henbit<br />
red henbit<br />
Lavandula angustifolia P. Mill. Lavandula offic<strong>in</strong>alis Chaix; Lavandula spica L English lavender<br />
Leonurus cardiaca L. Leonurus cardiaca ssp. villosus (Desf. ex mo<strong>the</strong>rwort<br />
Spreng.) Hyl.; Leonurus cardiaca var. villosus<br />
(Desf. ex Spreng.) Benth.<br />
Lycopus americanus Muhl. ex W. Lycopus americanus var. longii Benner; American water-horehound<br />
Bart.<br />
Lycopus americanus var. scabrifolius Fern.;<br />
Lycopus europaeus var. s<strong>in</strong>uatus (Ell.) Gray;<br />
Lycopus pennsylvanicus Muhl. ex Raf.; Lycopus<br />
Lycopus amplectens Raf.<br />
p<strong>in</strong>natifidus Raf.; Lycopus s<strong>in</strong>uatus Ell.;<br />
Phytosalp<strong>in</strong>x americanus (Muhl ) Lunell<br />
Lycopus amplectens var. pubens (Britt.) Fern.; clasp<strong>in</strong>g water-horehound<br />
Lycopus pubens Britt.; Lycopus sessilifolius<br />
Gray<br />
Lycopus asper Greene<br />
Lycopus lucidus Turcz. ex Benth. ssp.<br />
western water-horehound<br />
americanus (Gray) Hultén; Lycopus lucidus<br />
Turcz. ex Benth. var. americanus Gray; Lycopus<br />
maritimus Greene; Phytosalp<strong>in</strong>x aspera<br />
(Greene) Lunell<br />
Lycopus europaeus L.<br />
Lycopus europaeus ssp. mollis (Kern.) Rothm.<br />
ex Skalickÿ; Lycopus europaeus var. mollis<br />
(Kern.) Briq.; Lycopus mollis Kern.; Lycopus<br />
vulgaris Pers<br />
European water-horehound
Lycopus rubellus Moench<br />
Lycopus rubellus var. arkansanus (Fresen.) stalked water-horehound<br />
Benner; Lycopus rubellus var. lanceolatus<br />
Benner; Lycopus velut<strong>in</strong>us Rydb.<br />
Lycopus uniflorus Michx. Lycopus parviflorus Maxim.; Lycopus<br />
nor<strong>the</strong>rn water-horehound<br />
virg<strong>in</strong>icus var. pauciflorus Benth.<br />
Lycopus virg<strong>in</strong>icus L. Lycopus membranaceus Bickn. Virg<strong>in</strong>ia water-horehound<br />
Marrubium vulgare L.<br />
white horehound<br />
Melissa offic<strong>in</strong>alis L.<br />
lemon-balm<br />
Mentha aquatica L. var. aquatica Mentha hirsuta Huds.; Mentha palustris P. water m<strong>in</strong>t<br />
Mill.<br />
Mentha aquatica L. var. citrata Mentha adspersa Moench; Mentha citrata water m<strong>in</strong>t<br />
(Ehrh.) Fresen.<br />
Ehrh.; Mentha ×piperita ssp. citrata (Ehrh.)<br />
Briq.; Mentha ×piperita var. citrata (Ehrh.)<br />
Mentha arvensis L. ssp.<br />
parietariaefolia (Becker) Briq.<br />
Mentha canadensis L.<br />
Rouy<br />
Mentha arvensis var. parietariaefolia Becker;<br />
Mentha gentilis L.; Mentha variegata Sole<br />
Mentha arvensis ssp. canadensis (L.) H. Hara;<br />
Mentha arvensis var. canadensis (L.) Kuntze;<br />
Mentha arvensis var. glabrata (Benth.) Fern.;<br />
Mentha arvensis ssp. haplocalyx Briq.; Mentha<br />
arvensis var. villosa (Benth.) S.R. Stewart<br />
Mentha ×gracilis Sole<br />
Mentha arvensis × M. spicata ; Mentha<br />
cardiaca Gerarde ex Baker<br />
Mentha longifolia (L.) L. Mentha mollissima Borkh. ex P. Gaertn. et al.;<br />
Mentha spicata var. longifolia L.; Mentha<br />
g<strong>in</strong>ger m<strong>in</strong>t<br />
American wild m<strong>in</strong>t<br />
horse m<strong>in</strong>t<br />
sylvestris L.<br />
Mentha ×piperita L.<br />
Mentha aquatica × M. spicata<br />
Mentha ×rotundifolia (L.) Huds. Mentha longifolia × M. suaveolens<br />
Mentha spicata L. ssp. spicata Mentha viridis (L.) L. spearm<strong>in</strong>t<br />
Mentha ×verticillata L.<br />
Mentha aquatica × M. arvensis ; Mentha sativa<br />
L.<br />
Mentha ×villosa Huds. nothovar. Mentha spicata × M. suaveolens ; Mentha<br />
alopecuroides (Hull) Briq.<br />
alopecuroides Hull; Mentha rotundifolia Sole<br />
Monarda cl<strong>in</strong>opodia L. Monarda fistulosa var. cl<strong>in</strong>opodia (L.) basil bee-balm<br />
Cooperrider<br />
Monarda didyma L. Monarda cocc<strong>in</strong>ea Michx. scarlet bee-balm<br />
Monarda fistulosa L. ssp. fistulosa Monarda fistulosa forma albescens Farw. wild bee-balm<br />
var. fistulosa<br />
Monarda fistulosa L. ssp. fistulosa Monarda mollis L.; Monarda scabra Beck wild bee-balm<br />
var. mollis (L.) Benth.<br />
Monarda fistulosa L. ssp. fistulosa<br />
wild bee-balm<br />
var. rubra Gray<br />
Monarda media Willd. Mondarda fistulosa var. media (Willd.) Gray purple bee-balm<br />
Monarda punctata L. ssp. punctata Monarda punctata ssp. villicaulis Pennell spotted bee-balm<br />
var. villicaulis (Pennell) Palmer &<br />
Steyermark<br />
Nepeta cataria L.<br />
catnip<br />
Ocimum basilicum L.<br />
sweet basil
Origanum majorana L. Majorana hortensis Moench; Majorana sweet marjoram<br />
majorana (L.) Karst.<br />
Origanum vulgare L.<br />
wild marjoram<br />
Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt. var. Ocimum crispum Thunb.; Perilla ocymoides L. perilla-m<strong>in</strong>t<br />
crispa (Benth.) Deane<br />
var. crispa Benth.<br />
Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt. var. Ocimum frutescens L.; Perilla ocymoides L. perilla-m<strong>in</strong>t<br />
frutescens<br />
Physostegia virg<strong>in</strong>iana (L.) Benth. Dracocephalum virg<strong>in</strong>ianum L.; Physostegia obedient false dragonhead<br />
ssp. virg<strong>in</strong>iana<br />
virg<strong>in</strong>iana var. elongata Boiv<strong>in</strong>; Physostegia<br />
virg<strong>in</strong>iana var. granulosa (Fassett) Fern.;<br />
Physostegia virg<strong>in</strong>iana var. speciosa (Sweet)<br />
Gray<br />
Prunella lac<strong>in</strong>iata (L.) L. Prunella alba Pallas ex Bieb. cut-leaved selfheal<br />
Prunella vulgaris L. ssp. lanceolata Prunella vulgaris var. elongata Benth.; common selfheal<br />
(W. Bart.) Hultén<br />
Prunella vulgaris var. lanceolata (W. Bart.)<br />
Fern.<br />
Prunella vulgaris L. ssp. vulgaris Prunella vulgaris var. calvescens Fern.; common selfheal<br />
Prunella vulgaris var. hispida Benth.<br />
Pycnan<strong>the</strong>mum ×cl<strong>in</strong>opodioides Torr. Koellia ×cl<strong>in</strong>opodioides (Torr. & Gray) Kuntze<br />
& Gray<br />
Pycnan<strong>the</strong>mum <strong>in</strong>canum (L.) Michx. Koellia dubia (Gray) Small; Koellia <strong>in</strong>cana (L.) hoary mounta<strong>in</strong>-m<strong>in</strong>t<br />
var. <strong>in</strong>canum<br />
Kuntze<br />
Pycnan<strong>the</strong>mum muticum (Michx.) Pers. Koellia mutica (Michx.) Kuntze<br />
clustered mounta<strong>in</strong>-m<strong>in</strong>t<br />
Pycnan<strong>the</strong>mum tenuifolium Schrad.<br />
Pycnan<strong>the</strong>mum torrei Benth.<br />
Pycnan<strong>the</strong>mum verticillatum (Michx.)<br />
Pers. var. pilosum (Nutt.)<br />
Cooperrider<br />
Pycnan<strong>the</strong>mum verticillatum (Michx.)<br />
Pers. var. verticillatum<br />
Pycnan<strong>the</strong>mum virg<strong>in</strong>ianum (L.) T.<br />
Dur. & B.D. Jackson ex B.L. Rob<strong>in</strong>s.<br />
& Fern.<br />
Salvia azurea Michx. ex Lam. var.<br />
grandiflora Benth.<br />
Salvia lyrata L.<br />
Salvia nemorosa L.<br />
Salvia offic<strong>in</strong>alis L.<br />
Koellia flexuosa , of authors not (Walt.) MacM.;<br />
Pycnan<strong>the</strong>mum flexuosum , of authors not<br />
(Walt.) B.S.P.<br />
Koellia pilosa (Nutt.) Britt.; Pycnan<strong>the</strong>mum<br />
pilosum Nutt.<br />
Koellia verticillata (Michx.) Kuntze;<br />
Pycnan<strong>the</strong>mum virg<strong>in</strong>ianum var. verticillatum<br />
narrow-leaved mounta<strong>in</strong>-m<strong>in</strong>t<br />
Torrey's mounta<strong>in</strong>-m<strong>in</strong>t<br />
whorled mounta<strong>in</strong>-m<strong>in</strong>t<br />
whorled mounta<strong>in</strong>-m<strong>in</strong>t<br />
(Michx.) Boiv<strong>in</strong><br />
Koellia virg<strong>in</strong>iana (L.) MacM. Virg<strong>in</strong>ia mounta<strong>in</strong>-m<strong>in</strong>t<br />
Salvia azurea ssp. pitcheri (Torr. ex Benth.)<br />
Epl<strong>in</strong>g; Salvia pitcheri Torr. ex Benth.<br />
azure-blue sage<br />
lyre-leaved sage<br />
woodland sage<br />
West Indian sage<br />
Salvia pratensis L. Salvia tenorii Spreng. meadow sage<br />
Salvia sclarea L.<br />
cleareye sage<br />
Salvia splendens Sellow ex Roemer<br />
scarlet sage<br />
& J.A. Schultes<br />
Salvia tiliifolia Vahl. l<strong>in</strong>den-leaved sage<br />
Salvia verticillata L. whorled sage<br />
Satureja hortensis L.<br />
summer savory
Scutellaria altissima L. tall skullcap<br />
Scutellaria ×churchilliana Fern. Scutellaria galericulata × S. lateriflora<br />
Scutellaria galericulata L. Scutellaria epilobiifolia A. Hamilton; hooded skullcap<br />
Scutellaria galericulata var. epilobiifolia (A.<br />
Hamilton) Jordal; Scutellaria galericulata ssp.<br />
pubescens (Benth.) A. & D. Löve; Scutellaria<br />
galericulata var pubescens Benth<br />
Scutellaria <strong>in</strong>tegrifolia L. Scutellaria <strong>in</strong>cana Biehler ssp. hispida<br />
(Benth.) Epl<strong>in</strong>g; Scutellaria <strong>in</strong>tegrifolia<br />
hispida Benth.<br />
Scutellaria lateriflora L. mad dog skullcap<br />
Scutellaria parvula Michx. var. Scutellaria australis (Fassett) Epl<strong>in</strong>g little skullcap<br />
australis Fassett<br />
Scutellaria parvula Michx. var. Scutellaria ambigua Nutt.; Scutellaria little skullcap<br />
missouriensis (Torr.) Goodman & leonardii Epl<strong>in</strong>g; Scutellaria nervosa Pursh<br />
C.A. Lawson<br />
var. ambigua (Nutt.) Fern.; Scutellaria parvula<br />
var.<br />
entire-leaved skullcap<br />
var leonardii (Epl<strong>in</strong>g) Fern<br />
Scutellaria parvula Michx. var.<br />
little skullcap<br />
parvula<br />
Sideritis montana L.<br />
mounta<strong>in</strong> ironwort<br />
Stachys annua L.<br />
annual hedge-nettle<br />
Stachys arvensis L.<br />
field hedge-nettle<br />
Stachys byzant<strong>in</strong>a K. Koch Stachys lanata Jacq.; Stachys olympica Poir. woolly hedge-nettle<br />
Stachys cl<strong>in</strong>gmanii Small<br />
Cl<strong>in</strong>gman's hedge-nettle<br />
Stachys germanica L.<br />
German hedge-nettle<br />
Stachys hispida Pursh Stachys palustris var. hispida (Pursh) Boiv<strong>in</strong>; hispid hedge-nettle<br />
Stachys tenuifolia Willd. var. hispida (Pursh)<br />
Fern.; Stachys tenuifolia Willd. var.<br />
platyphylla Fern<br />
Stachys hyssopifolia Michx. Stachys atlantica Britt.; Stachys hyssopifolia<br />
var. lythroides (Small) J. Nelson; Stachys<br />
lythroides Small<br />
Stachys palustris L. Stachys palustris var. elliptica Clos; Stachys<br />
palustris var. petiolata Clos; Stachys palustris<br />
Stachys pilosa L. var. arenicola<br />
(Britt.) G. Mulligan & D. Munro<br />
Stachys pilosa L. var. pilosa<br />
Teucrium botrys L.<br />
var. segetum (Mutel) Grogn.<br />
Stachys arenicola Britt.; Stachys brevidens<br />
Rydb.; Stachys palustris ssp. arenicola (Britt.)<br />
Gill<br />
Stachys borealis Rydb.; Stachys homotricha<br />
(Fern.) Rydb.; Stachys palustris var.<br />
homotricha Fern.; Stachys palustris var.<br />
nipigonensis Jenn<strong>in</strong>gs; Stachys palustris var.<br />
phaneropoda Wea<strong>the</strong>rby; Stachys palustris<br />
ssp. pilosa (Nutt.) Epl<strong>in</strong>g; Stachys palustris<br />
var. pilosa (Nutt.) Fern.; Stachys palustris var.<br />
b l J i<br />
hyssop-leaved hedge-nettle<br />
marsh hedge-nettle<br />
hairy hedge-nettle<br />
hairy hedge-nettle<br />
cut-leaved germander
Teucrium canadense L. var.<br />
canadense<br />
Teucrium canadense L. var.<br />
occidentale (Gray) McCl<strong>in</strong>tock &<br />
Epl<strong>in</strong>g<br />
Teucrium canadense var. angustatum Gray;<br />
Teucrium canadense var. littorale (Bickn.)<br />
Fern.; Teucrium canadense var. virg<strong>in</strong>icum (L.)<br />
Eat ; Teucrium littorale Bickn<br />
Teucrium boreale Bickn.; Teucrium canadense<br />
var. boreale (Bickn.) Sh<strong>in</strong>ners; Teucrium<br />
canadense ssp. occidentale (Gray) W.A. Weber;<br />
Teucrium occidentale Gray; Teucrium<br />
occidentale Gray var. boreale (Bickn.) Fern.<br />
American germander<br />
American germander<br />
Teucrium scorodonia L.<br />
Thymus pulegioides L. Thymus ovatus P. Mill.; Thymus serpyllum L.<br />
ssp. chamaedrys (Fries) Voll.<br />
Thymus vulgaris L.<br />
Trichostema brachiatum L. Isanthus brachiatus (L.) B.S.P.; Isanthus<br />
brachiatus (L.) B.S.P. var. l<strong>in</strong>earis Fassett<br />
Trichostema dichotomum L. Trichostema dichotomum var. puberulum Fern.<br />
& Grisc.<br />
Trichostema setaceum Houtt. Trichostema dichotomum var. l<strong>in</strong>eare (Walt.)<br />
Pursh; Trichostema l<strong>in</strong>eare Walt.<br />
Lardizabalaceae<br />
Akebia ×pentaphylla (Mak<strong>in</strong>o)<br />
Mak<strong>in</strong>o<br />
Akebia qu<strong>in</strong>ata (Houtt.) Dcne.<br />
Lentibulariaceae<br />
Akebia qu<strong>in</strong>ata × A. trifoliata Koidz.<br />
woodland germander<br />
lemon thyme<br />
garden thyme<br />
pennyroyal bluecurls<br />
forked bluecurls<br />
narrow-leaved bluecurls<br />
lardizabala family<br />
chocolate-v<strong>in</strong>e<br />
bladderwort family<br />
P<strong>in</strong>guicula vulgaris L. ssp. vulgaris<br />
violet butterwort<br />
Utricularia cornuta Michx. Stomoisia cornuta (Michx.) Raf. horned bladderwort<br />
Utricularia gem<strong>in</strong>iscapa Benj. Utricularia clandest<strong>in</strong>a Nutt. ex Gray mixed bladderwort<br />
Utricularia gibba L. Trilobul<strong>in</strong>a fibrosa (Walt.) Raf.; Utricularia creep<strong>in</strong>g bladderwort<br />
biflora Lam.; Utricularia fibrosa Walt.;<br />
Utricularia obtusa Sw.; Utricularia pumila<br />
Walt<br />
Utricularia <strong>in</strong>flata Walt. Plectoma <strong>in</strong>flata (Walt.) Raf.; Utricularia<br />
ceratophylla Michx.<br />
Utricularia <strong>in</strong>termedia Hayne Lentibularia <strong>in</strong>termedia (Hayne) Nieuwl. &<br />
Lunell<br />
Utricularia m<strong>in</strong>or L. Lentibularia m<strong>in</strong>or (L.) Raf.; Xanan<strong>the</strong>s m<strong>in</strong>or<br />
swollen bladderwort<br />
flat-leaved bladderwort<br />
lesser bladderwort<br />
(L.) Raf.<br />
Utricularia purpurea Walt. Vesicul<strong>in</strong>a purpurea (Walt.) Raf. eastern purple bladderwort<br />
Utricularia radiata Small Utricularia <strong>in</strong>flata var. m<strong>in</strong>or Chapman; float<strong>in</strong>g bladderwort<br />
Utricularia <strong>in</strong>flata var. radiata (Small) Stone<br />
Utricularia resup<strong>in</strong>ata B.D. Greene Lecticula resup<strong>in</strong>ata (B.D. Greene ex Bigelow) resup<strong>in</strong>ate bladderwort<br />
ex Bigelow<br />
Barnh.<br />
Utricularia striata Le Conte ex Torr. Trilobul<strong>in</strong>a striata (Le Conte ex Torr.) Raf.; striped bladderwort<br />
Utricularia fibrosa Britt.<br />
Utricularia subulata L. Setiscapella cleistogama (Gray) Barnh.; slender bladderwort<br />
Setiscapella subulata (L.) Barnh.; Utricularia<br />
cleistogama (Gray) Britt.
Utricularia vulgaris L. ssp.<br />
macrorhiza (Le Conte) Clausen<br />
Limnanthaceae<br />
Utricularia macrorhiza Le Conte; Utricularia<br />
vulgaris L. var. americana Gray<br />
greater bladderwort<br />
false mermaid family<br />
Floerkea proserp<strong>in</strong>acoides Willd. false mermaidweed<br />
L<strong>in</strong>aceae<br />
flax family<br />
L<strong>in</strong>um catharticum L. Cathartol<strong>in</strong>um catharticum (L.) Small white flax<br />
L<strong>in</strong>um <strong>in</strong>tercursum Bickn. Cathartol<strong>in</strong>um <strong>in</strong>tercursum (Bickn.) Small sandpla<strong>in</strong> yellow flax<br />
L<strong>in</strong>um medium (Planch.) Britt. ssp. Cathartol<strong>in</strong>um curtissii (Small) Small; common yellow flax<br />
texanum (Planch.) A. Ha<strong>in</strong>es Carthartol<strong>in</strong>um medium (Planch.) Small var.<br />
texense (Planch.) Moldenke; L<strong>in</strong>um curtissii<br />
Small; L<strong>in</strong>um medium var. texanum (Planch.)<br />
Fern.; L<strong>in</strong>um striatum var. texanum (Planch.)<br />
Boiv<strong>in</strong>; L<strong>in</strong>um virg<strong>in</strong>ianum var. texanum<br />
L<strong>in</strong>um perenne L.<br />
Planch<br />
L<strong>in</strong>um radiola L. Millegrana radiola (L.) Druce; Radiola<br />
l<strong>in</strong>oides Roth<br />
L<strong>in</strong>um striatum Walt. Cathartol<strong>in</strong>um striatum (Walt.) Small; L<strong>in</strong>um<br />
striatum var. multijugum Fern.; Nezera striata<br />
(Walt.) Nieuwl.<br />
L<strong>in</strong>um sulcatum Riddell var. sulcatum Cathartol<strong>in</strong>um sulcatum (Riddell) Small;<br />
Mesynium sulcatum (Riddell) A. & D. Löve<br />
L<strong>in</strong>um usitatissimum L.<br />
L<strong>in</strong>um humile P. Mill.; L<strong>in</strong>um usitatissimum<br />
var. humile (P. Mill.) Pers.<br />
L<strong>in</strong>um virg<strong>in</strong>ianum L. Cathartol<strong>in</strong>um virg<strong>in</strong>ianum (L.) Reichenb.;<br />
Nezera virg<strong>in</strong>iana (L.) Nieuwl.<br />
L<strong>in</strong>derniaceae<br />
L<strong>in</strong>dernia dubia (L.) Pennell var.<br />
anagallidea (Michx.) Cooperrider<br />
L<strong>in</strong>dernia dubia (L.) Pennell<br />
var. dubia<br />
Loasaceae<br />
Mentzelia oligosperma Nutt. ex Sims.<br />
Lythraceae<br />
Ilysan<strong>the</strong>s <strong>in</strong>equalis (Walt.) Pennell; L<strong>in</strong>dernia<br />
anagallidea (Michx.) Pennell<br />
Gratiola dubia L.; Ilysan<strong>the</strong>s attenuata<br />
(Spreng.) Small; Ilysan<strong>the</strong>s dubia (L.) Barnh.;<br />
L<strong>in</strong>dernia dubia var. <strong>in</strong>undata (Pennell)<br />
Pennell; L<strong>in</strong>dernia dubia var. riparia (Raf.)<br />
Fern<br />
blue flax<br />
all-seed flax<br />
ridged yellow flax<br />
grooved yellow flax<br />
cultivated flax<br />
woodland yellow flax<br />
false pimpernel family<br />
yellow-seeded false pimpernel<br />
yellow-seeded false pimpernel<br />
rock-nettle family<br />
stickleaf mentzelia<br />
loosestrife family<br />
Cuphea procumbens Ortega Parsonsia procumbens (Ortega) Heller creep<strong>in</strong>g waxweed<br />
Cuphea viscosissima Jacq.<br />
Cuphea petiolata (L.) Koehne; Parsonsia clammy waxweed<br />
petiolata (L.) Rusby<br />
Decodon verticillatus (L.) Ell. Decodon verticillatus var. laevigatus Torr. &<br />
Gray; Lythrum verticillatum L.; Nesaea<br />
swamp-loosestrife<br />
verticillata (L.) Kunth.<br />
Lythrum alatum Pursh ssp. alatum Lythrum dacotanum Nieuwl. w<strong>in</strong>ged loosestrife<br />
Lythrum hyssopifolia L. Lythrum adsurgens Greene hyssop-leaved loosestrife<br />
Lythrum junceum Banks & Sol. Lythrum flexuosum , of authors not Lag.; rose loosestrife<br />
Lythrum graefferi Ten.
Lythrum l<strong>in</strong>eare L.<br />
Lythrum salicaria L. Lythrum salicaria var. gracilior Turcz.;<br />
Lythrum salicaria var. tomentosum (P. Mill.)<br />
DC.<br />
Lythrum virgatum L.<br />
Rotala ramosior (L.) Koehne Ammannia ramosior L.; Rotala ramosior var.<br />
<strong>in</strong>terior Fern. & Grisc.; Rotala ramosior var.<br />
Trapa natans L.<br />
Malvaceae<br />
typica Fern. & Grisc.<br />
saltmarsh loosestrife<br />
purple loosestrife<br />
European wand loosestrife<br />
toothcup<br />
water-chestnut<br />
mallow family<br />
Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench Hibiscus esculentus L. okra<br />
Abutilon pictum (Gill.) Walp. Abutilon striatum Dicks. ex L<strong>in</strong>dl.; Sida picta pa<strong>in</strong>ted Indian-mallow<br />
Gill. ex Hook. & Arn.<br />
Abutilon <strong>the</strong>ophrasti Medik. Abutilon abutilon (L.) Rusby velvetleaf Indian-mallow<br />
Alcea rosea L. Althaea rosea (L.) Cav. hollyhock<br />
Althaea offic<strong>in</strong>alis L.<br />
common marsh-mallow<br />
Anoda cristata (L.) Schlecht. Anoda cristata var. brachyantha (Reichenb.)<br />
Hochr.; Anoda cristata var. digitata (Gray)<br />
crested anoda<br />
Hochr.; Anoda triangularis (Willd.) DC.; Sida<br />
cristata L<br />
Gossypium hirsutum L. var. hirsutum Gossypium herbaceum , of authors not L.;<br />
Gossypium hirsutum var. punctatum (K.<br />
Schum. & Thonn.) Roberty; Gossypium<br />
Hibiscus moscheutos L. ssp.<br />
moscheutos<br />
purpurascens Poir<br />
Hibiscus <strong>in</strong>canus Wendl. f.; Hibiscus<br />
moscheutos ssp. <strong>in</strong>canus (Wendl. f.) Ahles;<br />
Hibiscus moscheutos ssp. palustris (L.)<br />
Clausen; Hibiscus oculiroseus Britt.; Hibiscus<br />
upland cotton<br />
swamp rose-mallow<br />
palustris L<br />
Hibiscus syriacus L.<br />
shrubby rose-mallow<br />
Hibiscus trionum L. Trionum trionum (L.) Woot. & Standl. Venice rose-mallow<br />
Lavatera trimestris L. Althaea trimestris Kuntze; Stegia trimestris rose-mallow<br />
(L.) T. Luque & Devesa<br />
Malva alcea L. Bismalva alcea (L.) Medik. verva<strong>in</strong> mallow<br />
Malva moschata L.<br />
musk mallow<br />
Malva neglecta Wallr. Malva rotundifolia , of authors not L. common mallow<br />
Malva parviflora L.<br />
little mallow<br />
Malva pusilla Sm. Malva rotundifolia L., rejected name low mallow<br />
Malva sylvestris L. Malva erecta C. Presl.; Malva mauritiana L.; high mallow<br />
Malva sylvestris ssp. mauritiana (L.) Thellung;<br />
Malva sylvestris var. mauritiana (L.) Boiss.<br />
Malva verticillata L. Malva crispa (L.) L.; Malva verticillata var. whorled mallow<br />
crispa L.<br />
Malvastrum coromandelianum (L.) Malva coromandeliana L. three-lobed false mallow<br />
Garcke<br />
Modiola carol<strong>in</strong>iana (L.) G. Don Modiola multifida Moench Carol<strong>in</strong>a bristle-mallow<br />
Napaea dioica L.<br />
glade-mallow
Pseudabutilon stuckertii R.E. Fries Pseudabutilon callimorphum (Hochr.) R.E.<br />
Fries var. friesii (Hassl.) R.E. Fries;<br />
Pseudabutilon pedunculatum (R.E. Fries)<br />
Krapov.; Sida callimorpha Hochr.; Wissadula<br />
callimorpha (Hochr.) Hassl. var. friesii Hassl.;<br />
South American false velvetleaf<br />
Sida hermaphrodita (L.) Rusby<br />
Wissadula pedunculata<br />
Napaea hermophrodita<br />
R E Fries<br />
L. Virg<strong>in</strong>ia fanpetals<br />
Sida sp<strong>in</strong>osa L.<br />
prickly fanpetals<br />
Sphaeralcea mendoc<strong>in</strong>a (Phil.) K.<br />
Mendoza globe-mallow<br />
Malva mendoc<strong>in</strong>a Phil.<br />
Schum.<br />
Tilia americana L. var. americana Tilia americana var. neglecta (Spach) Fosberg; American l<strong>in</strong>den<br />
Tilia glabra Vent.; Tilia neglecta Spach<br />
Tilia americana L. var. heterophylla<br />
(Vent.) Loud.<br />
Tilia cordata P. Mill.<br />
Tilia petiolaris DC.<br />
Tilia platyphyllos Scop.<br />
Tilia ×vulgaris Hayne<br />
Melastomataceae<br />
Rhexia mariana L. var. mariana<br />
Rhexia virg<strong>in</strong>ica L.<br />
Menispermaceae<br />
Menispermum canadense L.<br />
Menyanthaceae<br />
Tilia heterophylla Vent.; Tilia heterophylla<br />
var. michauxii (Nutt.) Sarg.; Tilia michauxii<br />
Nutt.; Tilia monticola Sarg.<br />
Tilia tomentosa Moench ssp. petiolaris (DC.)<br />
Soó<br />
Tilia cordata × T. platyphyllos; Tilia europea<br />
L., <strong>in</strong> part<br />
Rhexia lanceolata Walt.; Rhexia mariana var.<br />
exalbida Michx.; Rhexia mariana var.<br />
leiosperma Fern. & Grisc.<br />
Rhexia stricta Pursh; Rhexia virg<strong>in</strong>ica var.<br />
purshii (Spreng.) C.W. James<br />
American l<strong>in</strong>den<br />
small-leaved l<strong>in</strong>den<br />
pendent silver l<strong>in</strong>den<br />
large-leaved l<strong>in</strong>den<br />
melastoma family<br />
Maryland meadow-beauty<br />
Virg<strong>in</strong>ia meadow-beauty<br />
moonseed family<br />
Canada moonseed<br />
buckbean family<br />
Menyan<strong>the</strong>s trifoliata L. Menyan<strong>the</strong>s trifoliata var. m<strong>in</strong>or Raf. buck-bean<br />
Nymphoides aquatica (J.F. Gmel.) Villarsia aquatica J.F. Gmel. big float<strong>in</strong>g-heart<br />
Kuntze<br />
Nymphoides cordata (Ell.) Fern. Limnan<strong>the</strong>mum lacunosum (Vent.) Griseb.; little float<strong>in</strong>g-heart<br />
Nymphoides lacunosa (Vent.) Kuntze;<br />
Villarsia cordata Ell.; Villarsia lacunosa<br />
Vent<br />
Nymphoides peltata (Gmel.) Kuntze Limnan<strong>the</strong>mum peltatum Gmel.; Nymphoides<br />
nymphaeoides (L.) Britt.<br />
Mollug<strong>in</strong>aceae<br />
yellow float<strong>in</strong>g-heart<br />
carpetweed family<br />
Mollugo verticillata L. green carpetweed<br />
Moraceae<br />
mulberry family<br />
Broussonetia papyrifera (L.) L’Hér. Morus papryifera L.; Papyrius papyrifera (L.) paper-mulberry<br />
ex Vent.<br />
Kuntze<br />
Fatoua villosa (Thunb.) Nakai Urtica villosa Thunb. hairy crabweed<br />
Ficus carica L.<br />
common fig
Maclura pomifera (Raf.) Schneid. Ioxylon pomiferum Raf.; Toxylon pomiferum Osage-orange<br />
Raf. ex Sarg.<br />
Morus alba L.<br />
Morus alba var. tatarica (L.) Ser.; Morus white mulberry<br />
tatarica L.<br />
Morus rubra L. Morus rubra var. tomentosa (Raf.) Bureau red mulberry<br />
Myricaceae<br />
bayberry family<br />
Comptonia peregr<strong>in</strong>a (L.) Coult. Comptonia peregr<strong>in</strong>a var. aspleniifolia (L.) sweet-fern<br />
Fern.; Myrica aspleniifolia L.; Myrica<br />
peregr<strong>in</strong>a (L.) Kuntze; Liquidambar peregr<strong>in</strong>a<br />
L<br />
Morella carol<strong>in</strong>iensis (Mill.) Small Cerothamnus carol<strong>in</strong>iensis (P. Mill.)<br />
small bayberry<br />
Tidestrom; Morella pensylvanica (Mirbel <strong>in</strong><br />
Duhamel) Kartesz; Myrica carol<strong>in</strong>iensis P.<br />
Mill.; Myrica heterophylla Raf.; Myrica<br />
pensylvanica Mirbel <strong>in</strong> Duhamel<br />
Myrica gale L.<br />
Gale palustris Chev.; Myrica gale var. sweetgale<br />
subglabra (Chev.) Fern.; Myrica gale var.<br />
tomentosa C. DC.<br />
Myrs<strong>in</strong>aceae<br />
colicwood family<br />
Lysimachia arvensis (L.) U. Manns & Anagallis arvensis L.; Anagallis arvensis L. scarlet pimpernel<br />
A. Anderb.<br />
var. caerulea (Schreb.) Gren. & Godr.;<br />
Anagallis caerulea Schreb.<br />
Lysimachia borealis (Raf.) U. Manns Trientalis americana Pursh ; Trientalis starflower<br />
& A. Anderb.<br />
borealis Raf.<br />
Lysimachia ciliata L. Steironema ciliatum (L.) Baudo fr<strong>in</strong>ged yellow-loosestrife<br />
Lysimachia clethroides Duby <strong>in</strong> DC.<br />
goose-neck yellow-loosestrife<br />
Lysimachia ×commixta Fern. Lysimachia terrestris × L. thyrsiflora<br />
Lysimachia hybrida Michx. Lysimachia lanceolata Walt. ssp. hybrida lowland yellow-loosestrife<br />
(Michx.) J.D. Ray; Lysimachia lanceolata Walt.<br />
var. hybrida (Michx.) Gray; Steironema<br />
hybridum (Michx.) Raf. ex B.D. Jackson;<br />
Steironema lanceolatum (Walt.) Gray var.<br />
Lysimachia maritima (L.) Galasso,<br />
Banfi, & Soldano<br />
Lysimachia m<strong>in</strong>ima (L.) U. Manns &<br />
A. Anderb.<br />
Lysimachia nummularia L.<br />
hybridum (Michx ) Gray<br />
Glaux maritima L.; Glaux maritima L. var.<br />
angustifolia Boiv<strong>in</strong>; Glaux maritima L. ssp.<br />
obtusifolia (Fern.) Boiv<strong>in</strong>; Glaux maritima L.<br />
var obtusifolia Fern<br />
Anagallis m<strong>in</strong>ima (L.) Krause; Centunculus<br />
m<strong>in</strong>imus L.<br />
Lysimachia ×producta (Gray) Fern. Lysimachia quadrifolia × L. terrestris<br />
Lysimachia punctata L. Lysimachia punctata var. verticillata (Bieb.)<br />
Klatt<br />
Lysimachia quadriflora Sims Lysimachia longifolia Pursh; Lysimachia<br />
revoluta Nutt.; Nummularia longifolium<br />
(Pursh) Kuntze; Steironema longifolium<br />
Gray; Steironema quadriflorum (Sims) A.S.<br />
Hitchc.; Steironema revolutum (Nutt.) Raf. ex<br />
Steud<br />
sea-milkwort<br />
chaffweed pimpernel<br />
creep<strong>in</strong>g yellow-loosestrife<br />
large yellow-loosestrife<br />
four-flowered yellow-loosestrife
Lysimachia quadrifolia L.<br />
whorled yellow-loosestrife<br />
Lysimachia terrestris (L.) B.S.P.<br />
swamp yellow-loosestrife<br />
Lysimachia thyrsiflora L. Naumburgia thyrsiflora (L.) Duby tufted yellow-loosestrife<br />
Lysimachia vulgaris L.<br />
garden yellow-loosestrife<br />
Nelumbonaceae<br />
lotus family<br />
Nelumbo lutea Willd. Nelumbium luteum Willd.; Nymphaea<br />
American lotus<br />
pentaphylla Walt.<br />
Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. Nelumbium speciosa Willd. Indian lotus<br />
Nyctag<strong>in</strong>aceae<br />
four o'clock family<br />
Mirabilis albida (Walt.) Heimerl Allionia albida Walt.; Mirabilis albida var.<br />
lata Sh<strong>in</strong>ners; Oxybaphus albidus (Walt.)<br />
Sweet<br />
Mirabilis hirsuta (Pursh) MacM. Allionia hirsuta Pursh; Oxybaphus hirsutus<br />
(Pursh) Sweet<br />
Mirabilis jalapa L. Mirabilis jalapa ssp. l<strong>in</strong>dheimeri Standl.;<br />
Mirabilis l<strong>in</strong>dheimeri (Standl.) Sh<strong>in</strong>ners<br />
Mirabilis l<strong>in</strong>earis (Pursh) Heimerl Allionia l<strong>in</strong>earis Pursh; Mirabilis lanceolata<br />
var. l<strong>in</strong>earis<br />
(Rydb.) Standl.; Mirabilis l<strong>in</strong>earis var.<br />
subhispida Heimerl; Oxybaphus angustifolius<br />
Sweet; Oxybaphus lanceolatus (Rydb.) Standl.;<br />
Oxybaphus l<strong>in</strong>earis (Pursh) B.L. Rob<strong>in</strong>s.;<br />
Oxybaphus l<strong>in</strong>earis (Pursh) B.L. Rob<strong>in</strong>s. var.<br />
bhi id (Heimerl) Dayton<br />
Mirabilis nyctag<strong>in</strong>ea (Michx.) MacM. Allionia nyctag<strong>in</strong>ea Michx.; Oxybaphus<br />
nyctag<strong>in</strong>eus (Michx.) Sweet<br />
Oleaceae<br />
pale umbrella-wort<br />
hairy umbrella-wort<br />
four o'clock umbrella-wort<br />
narrow-leaved umbrella-wort<br />
heart-leaved umbrella-wort<br />
olive family<br />
Chionanthus virg<strong>in</strong>icus L. Chionanthus virg<strong>in</strong>icus var. maritimus Pursh white fr<strong>in</strong>ge-tree<br />
Forsythia suspensa (Thunb.) Vahl<br />
weep<strong>in</strong>g forsythia<br />
Forsythia viridissima L<strong>in</strong>dl. green-stemmed forsythia<br />
Frax<strong>in</strong>us americana L. Frax<strong>in</strong>us americana var. biltmoreana (Beadle) white ash<br />
J. Wright ex Fern.; Frax<strong>in</strong>us americana var.<br />
microcarpa Gray; Frax<strong>in</strong>us biltmoreana<br />
Beadle<br />
Frax<strong>in</strong>us excelsior L.<br />
Frax<strong>in</strong>us nigra Marsh.<br />
Frax<strong>in</strong>us pennsylvanica Marsh. Frax<strong>in</strong>us pennsylvanica var. aust<strong>in</strong>ii Fern.;<br />
Frax<strong>in</strong>us pennsylvanica var. <strong>in</strong>tegerrima<br />
(Vahl) Fern.; Frax<strong>in</strong>us pennsylvanica var.<br />
lanceolata (Borkh.) Sarg.; Frax<strong>in</strong>us<br />
pennsylvanica var. sub<strong>in</strong>tegerrima (Vahl) Fern.<br />
Ligustrum obtusifolium Sieb. & Zucc.<br />
var. obtusifolium<br />
Ligustrumm obtusifolium Sieb. &<br />
Zucc. var. suave (Kitagawa) H. Hara<br />
Ligustrum obtusifolium var. leiocalyx (Nakai)<br />
H. Hara<br />
Ligustrum amurense Carr.; Ligustrum ibota<br />
Sieb. & Zucc. var. suave Kitagawa; Ligustrum<br />
European ash<br />
black ash<br />
green ash<br />
border privet<br />
border privet<br />
obtusifolium ssp. suave (Kitagawa) Kitagawa<br />
Ligustrum ovalifolium Hassk.<br />
California privet<br />
Ligustrum s<strong>in</strong>ense Lour. Ligustrum villosum May Ch<strong>in</strong>ese privet<br />
Ligustrum vulgare L.<br />
European privet
Syr<strong>in</strong>ga josikaea Jacq. f. ex<br />
Hungarian lilac<br />
Reichenb.<br />
Syr<strong>in</strong>ga ×persica L. Syr<strong>in</strong>ga afghanica C. & K. Schneid. × S.<br />
lac<strong>in</strong>iata P. Mill.<br />
Syr<strong>in</strong>ga reticulata (Blume) Hara ssp. Syr<strong>in</strong>ga amurensis Rupr. var. japonica (Maxim. Japanese tree lilac<br />
reticulata<br />
ex Dcne.) Franch. & Sav.; Syr<strong>in</strong>ga japonica<br />
Maxim. ex Dcne.<br />
Syr<strong>in</strong>ga villosa Vahl<br />
Syr<strong>in</strong>ga vulgaris L.<br />
Onagraceae<br />
Camissonia bistorta (Nutt. ex Torr.<br />
& Gray) Raven<br />
Camissonia campestris (Greene)<br />
Raven ssp. campestris<br />
Chamaenerion angustifolium (L.)<br />
Scop. ssp. circumvagum (Mosqu<strong>in</strong>)<br />
Moldenke<br />
Circaea alp<strong>in</strong>a L. ssp. alp<strong>in</strong>a<br />
Circaea canadensis (L.) Hill ssp.<br />
canadensis<br />
late lilac<br />
common lilac<br />
even<strong>in</strong>g-primrose<br />
Oeno<strong>the</strong>ra bistorta Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray California suncup<br />
Oeno<strong>the</strong>ra campestris Greene; Oeno<strong>the</strong>ra<br />
dentata Cav. var. campestris (Greene) Jepson<br />
Chamerion angustifolium (L.) Holub ssp.<br />
circumvagum (Mosqu<strong>in</strong>) Kartesz; Chamerion<br />
platyphyllum (Daniels) A. & D. Löve;<br />
Epilobium angustifolium L. var. abbreviatum<br />
(Lunell) Munz; Epilobium angustifolium L.<br />
ssp. circumvagum Mosqu<strong>in</strong>; Epilobium<br />
angustifolium L. var. macrophyllum<br />
(Hausskn.) Fern.; Epilobium angustifolium L.<br />
l h ll ( i l )<br />
Circaea canadensis var. virg<strong>in</strong>iana Fern.;<br />
Circaea latifolia Hill; Circaea lutetiana L. var.<br />
canadensis L.; Circaea quadrisulcata (Maxim.)<br />
Franch. & Savigny ssp. canadensis (L.) A. & D.<br />
Löve; Circaea quadrisulcata (Maxim.) Franch.<br />
& Savigny var. canadensis (L.) Hara<br />
Mojave suncup<br />
narrow-leaved fireweed<br />
small enchanter's-nightshade<br />
broad-leaved enchanter'snightshade<br />
Circaea ×sterilis Boufford<br />
Clarkia pulchella Pursh<br />
Clarkia rhomboidea Dougl. ex Hook.<br />
Circaea alp<strong>in</strong>a × C. canadensis ; Circaea<br />
canadensis (L.) Hill, <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> sense of Fernald<br />
(1950)<br />
elk horn clarkia<br />
common clarkia<br />
Epilobium anagallidifolium Lam. Epilobium alp<strong>in</strong>um L., <strong>in</strong> part; Epilobium<br />
anagallidifolium var. pseudoscaposum<br />
(Hausskn.) Hultén<br />
Epilobium ciliatum Raf. var. ciliatum Epilobium adenocaulon Hausskn.; Epilobium<br />
adenocaulon Hausskn. var. ecomosum (Fassett)<br />
Munz; Epilobium americanum Hausskn.;<br />
Epilobium ciliatum var. ecomosum (Fassett)<br />
Boiv<strong>in</strong>; Epilobium glandulosum Lehm. var.<br />
adenocaulon (Hausskn.) Fern.; Epilobium<br />
glandulosum Lehm. var. ecomosum Fassett<br />
pimpernel willow-herb<br />
fr<strong>in</strong>ged willow-herb
Epilobium ciliatum Raf. var. Epilobium adenocaulon Hausskn. var. fr<strong>in</strong>ged willow-herb<br />
glandulosum (Lehm.) Dorn<br />
c<strong>in</strong>erascens (Piper) M.E. Peck; Epilobium<br />
adenocaulon Hausskn. var. occidentale Trel.;<br />
Epilobium boreale Hausskn.; Epilobium<br />
ciliatum ssp. glandulosum (Lehm.) Hoch &<br />
Raven; Epilobium glandulosum Lehm.;<br />
Epilobium glandulosum Lehm. var.<br />
cardiophyllum Fern.; Epilobium glandulosum<br />
Lehm. var. occidentale (Trel.) Fern.; Epilobium<br />
tetragonum L. var. glandulosum (Lehm.) Torr.<br />
Epilobium coloratum Biehler<br />
eastern willow-herb<br />
Epilobium hirsutum L.<br />
hairy willow-herb<br />
Epilobium hornemannii Reichenb. Epilobium alp<strong>in</strong>um L. var. nutans Hornem. Hornemann's willow-herb<br />
ssp. hornemannii<br />
Epilobium lactiflorum Hausskn. Epilobium alp<strong>in</strong>um L. var. lactiflorum white-flowered willow-herb<br />
(Hausskn.) C.L. Hitchc.; Epilobium<br />
hornemannii var. lactiflorum (Hausskn.)<br />
D Löve<br />
Epilobium leptophyllum Raf. Epilobium nesophilum (Fern.) Fern.;<br />
bog willow-herb<br />
Epilobium nesophilum (Fern.) Fern. var.<br />
sabulonense Fern.; Epilobium palustre var.<br />
gracile (Farw.) Dorn; Epilobium palustre var.<br />
sabulonense (Fern ) Boiv<strong>in</strong><br />
Epilobium palustre L. Epilobium l<strong>in</strong>eare Muhl.; Epilobium<br />
marsh willow-herb<br />
oliganthum Michx.; Epilobium palustre var.<br />
grammadophyllum Hausskn.; Epilobium<br />
palustre var. labradoricum Hausskn.;<br />
Epilobium palustre var. oliganthum (Michx.)<br />
Fern<br />
Epilobium parviflorum Schreb.<br />
small-flowered willow-herb<br />
Epilobium strictum Muhl. ex Spreng. Epilobium densum Raf. downy willow-herb<br />
Ludwigia alternifolia L. Ludwigia alternifolia var. l<strong>in</strong>earifolia Britt.;<br />
Ludwigia alternifolia var. pubescens Palmer &<br />
Steyermark; Ludwigia alternifolia var. typica<br />
Ludwigia ×lacustris Eames<br />
Munz<br />
Ludwigia brevipes (Long) Eames × L. palustris<br />
Ludwigia palustris (L.) Ell. Isnardia palustris L.; Ludwigia palustris var.<br />
americana (DC.) Fern. & Grisc.; Ludwigia<br />
palustris var. nana Fern. & Grisc.<br />
Ludwigia polycarpa Short & Peter<br />
Ludwigia sphaerocarpa Ell. Ludwigia sphaerocarpa var. deamii Fern. &<br />
Grisc.; Ludwigia sphaerocarpa var. jungens<br />
Fern. & Grisc.; Ludwigia sphaerocarpa var.<br />
macrocarpa<br />
square-pod water-primrose<br />
common water-primrose<br />
many-fruited water-primrose<br />
round-pod water-primrose
Oeno<strong>the</strong>ra biennis L. Oeno<strong>the</strong>ra biennis ssp. centralis Munz; common even<strong>in</strong>g-primrose<br />
Oeno<strong>the</strong>ra biennis var. pycnocarpa (Atk<strong>in</strong>son<br />
& Bartlett) Wieg.; Oeno<strong>the</strong>ra muricata L.;<br />
Oeno<strong>the</strong>ra pycnocarpa Atk<strong>in</strong>son & Bartlett<br />
Oeno<strong>the</strong>ra curtiflora W.L. Wagner & Gaura mollis James; Gaura parviflora Dougl. ex small-flowered bee-blossom<br />
Hoch<br />
Lehm.; Gaura parviflora Dougl. ex Lehm. var.<br />
lachnocarpa Wea<strong>the</strong>rby; Gaura parviflora<br />
Dougl ex Lehm var typica Munz<br />
Oeno<strong>the</strong>ra filiformis (Small) W.L. Gaura biennis L. var. pitcheri Torr. & Gray; bee-blossom<br />
Wagner & Hoch<br />
Gaura filiformis Small; Gaura longiflora<br />
Spach<br />
Oeno<strong>the</strong>ra fruticosa L. ssp. fruticosa Kneiffia arenicola Small; Kneiffia fruticosa (L.) narrow-leaved even<strong>in</strong>g-primrose<br />
Raimann; Kneiffia l<strong>in</strong>earis (Michx.) Spach;<br />
Oeno<strong>the</strong>ra arenicola (Small) Coker; Oeno<strong>the</strong>ra<br />
fruticosa var. eamesii (B.L. Rob<strong>in</strong>s.) Blake;<br />
Oeno<strong>the</strong>ra fruticosa var. l<strong>in</strong>earis (Michx.) S.<br />
Wats.; Oeno<strong>the</strong>ra fruticosa var. microcarpa<br />
Fern.; Oeno<strong>the</strong>ra tetragona Roth var.<br />
brevistipata (Pennell) Munz; Oeno<strong>the</strong>ra<br />
tetragona Roth var. longistipata (Pennell)<br />
Munz; Oeno<strong>the</strong>ra tetragona Roth var. riparia<br />
(Nutt.) Munz; Oeno<strong>the</strong>ra tetragona Roth var.<br />
velut<strong>in</strong>a (Pennell) Munz<br />
Oeno<strong>the</strong>ra fruticosa L. ssp. glauca Kneiffia glauca (Michx.) Spach; Kneiffia narrow-leaved even<strong>in</strong>g-primrose<br />
(Michx.) Straley<br />
latifolia Rydb.; Kneiffia tetragona (Roth)<br />
Pennell; Oeno<strong>the</strong>ra tetragona Roth;<br />
Oeno<strong>the</strong>ra tetragona Roth ssp. glauca (Michx.)<br />
Munz; Oeno<strong>the</strong>ra tetragona Roth var. hybrida<br />
(Michx.) Fern.; Oeno<strong>the</strong>ra tetragona Roth var.<br />
Oeno<strong>the</strong>ra gaura W.L. Wagner &<br />
l tif li (Rydb ) Fern<br />
Gaura biennis L.<br />
biennial bee-blossom<br />
Hoch<br />
Oeno<strong>the</strong>ra glazioviana Micheli <strong>in</strong> Oeno<strong>the</strong>ra erythrosepala Borbás garden even<strong>in</strong>g-primrose<br />
Mart.<br />
Oeno<strong>the</strong>ra grandiflora L’Hér. <strong>in</strong> Ait. Oeno<strong>the</strong>ra biennis var. grandiflora (L’Hér. <strong>in</strong> large-flowered even<strong>in</strong>g-primrose<br />
Ait.) L<strong>in</strong>dl.; Oeno<strong>the</strong>ra grandiflora var.<br />
glabra Ser<strong>in</strong>ge <strong>in</strong> DC.<br />
Oeno<strong>the</strong>ra lac<strong>in</strong>iata Hill Raimannia lac<strong>in</strong>iata (Hill) Rose cut-leaved even<strong>in</strong>g-primrose<br />
Oeno<strong>the</strong>ra nutans Atk<strong>in</strong>son & Oeno<strong>the</strong>ra austromontana (Munz) Raven, W. nodd<strong>in</strong>g even<strong>in</strong>g-primrose<br />
Bartlett<br />
Dietr., & Stubbe; Oeno<strong>the</strong>ra biennis ssp.<br />
austromontana Munz; Oeno<strong>the</strong>ra biennis var.<br />
austromontana (Munz) Cronq., Oeno<strong>the</strong>ra<br />
biennis var. nutans (Atk<strong>in</strong>son & Bartlett) Wieg.
Oeno<strong>the</strong>ra oakesiana (Gray) J.W.<br />
Robb<strong>in</strong>s ex S. Wats. & Coult.<br />
Oeno<strong>the</strong>ra angustissima R.R. Gates;<br />
Oeno<strong>the</strong>ra biennis var. oakesiana Gray;<br />
Oeno<strong>the</strong>ra cruciata Nutt. ex G. Don var.<br />
stenopetala (Bickn.) Fern.; Oeno<strong>the</strong>ra<br />
parviflora ssp. angustissima (R.R. Gates)<br />
Munz; Oeno<strong>the</strong>ra parviflora var. angustissima<br />
(R.R. Gates) Wieg.; Oeno<strong>the</strong>ra parviflora var.<br />
Oeno<strong>the</strong>ra parviflora L.<br />
k i (G ) F<br />
Oeno<strong>the</strong>ra cruciata Nutt. ex G. Don;<br />
Oeno<strong>the</strong>ra cruciata Nutt. ex G. Don var.<br />
sabulonensis Fern.; Oeno<strong>the</strong>ra rubricapitata<br />
Oeno<strong>the</strong>ra perennis L.<br />
Oeno<strong>the</strong>ra pilosella Raf. ssp.<br />
pilosella<br />
R R Gates<br />
Kneiffia perennis (L.) Pennell; Kneiffia pumila<br />
Oakes' even<strong>in</strong>g-primrose<br />
small-flowered even<strong>in</strong>gprimrose<br />
little even<strong>in</strong>g-primrose<br />
(L.) Spach; Oeno<strong>the</strong>ra pumila L.<br />
Kneiffia pratensis Small meadow even<strong>in</strong>g-primrose<br />
Oeno<strong>the</strong>ra serrulata Nutt. Calylophus serrulatus (Nutt.) Raven; Meriolix<br />
serrulata (Nutt.) Walp.; Oeno<strong>the</strong>ra serrulata<br />
var. typica Munz<br />
Oeno<strong>the</strong>ra villosa Thunb. ssp. villosa Oeno<strong>the</strong>ra biennis var. canescens Torr. & Gray;<br />
Oeno<strong>the</strong>ra canovirens Steele; Oeno<strong>the</strong>ra<br />
strigosa (Rydb.) Mackenzie & Bush ssp.<br />
canovirens (Steele) Munz; Oeno<strong>the</strong>ra villosa<br />
ssp. canovirens (Steele) W. Dietr. & Raven<br />
Orobanchaceae<br />
Agal<strong>in</strong>is decemloba (Greene) Pennell<br />
Agal<strong>in</strong>is maritima (Raf.) Raf. ssp.<br />
maritima<br />
Agal<strong>in</strong>is acuta Pennell; Gerardia acuta<br />
yellow even<strong>in</strong>g-primrose<br />
hairy even<strong>in</strong>g-primrose<br />
broom-rape family<br />
sandpla<strong>in</strong> agal<strong>in</strong>is<br />
(Pennell) Pennell; Gerardia decemloba Greene<br />
Gerardia maritima Raf. saltmarsh agal<strong>in</strong>is<br />
Agal<strong>in</strong>is neoscotica (Greene) Fern. Agal<strong>in</strong>is paupercula var. neoscotica (Greene)<br />
Pennell & St. John; Agal<strong>in</strong>is purpurea var.<br />
neoscotica (Greene) Boiv<strong>in</strong>; Gerardia<br />
neoscotica Greene; Gerardia purpurea L. var.<br />
Agal<strong>in</strong>is paupercula (Gray) Britt.<br />
var. borealis Pennell<br />
Agal<strong>in</strong>is paupercula (Gray) Britt.<br />
var. paupercula<br />
neoscotica (Greene) Gleason<br />
Agal<strong>in</strong>is purpurea var. parviflora (Benth.)<br />
Boiv<strong>in</strong>; Gerardia paupercula (Gray) Britt. ssp.<br />
borealis (Pennell) Pennell; Gerardia<br />
paupercula (Gray) Britt. var. borealis (Pennell)<br />
Deam; Gerardia purpurea L. var. parviflora<br />
Benth<br />
Gerardia paupercula (Gray) Britt.; Gerardia<br />
paupercula (Gray) Britt. var. typica Pennell;<br />
Gerardia purpurea L. var. paupercula Gray<br />
Agal<strong>in</strong>is purpurea (L.) Pennell Gerardia purpurea L.; Gerardia purpurea L.<br />
ssp. parvula Pennell; Gerardia purpurea L.<br />
var. grandiflora Benth.<br />
Nova Scotia agal<strong>in</strong>is<br />
small-flowered agal<strong>in</strong>is<br />
small-flowered agal<strong>in</strong>is<br />
purple agal<strong>in</strong>is
Agal<strong>in</strong>is tenuifolia (Vahl) Raf. var.<br />
macrophylla (Benth.) Blake<br />
Agal<strong>in</strong>is tenuifolia (Vahl) Raf. var.<br />
parviflora (Nutt.) Pennell<br />
Agal<strong>in</strong>is tenuifolia (Vahl) Raf. var.<br />
tenuifolia<br />
Aureolaria flava (L.) Farw. var. flava<br />
Aureolaria pedicularia (L.) Raf. var.<br />
<strong>in</strong>tercedens Pennell<br />
Aureolaria pedicularia (L.) Raf. var.<br />
pedicularia<br />
Agal<strong>in</strong>is besseyana (Britt.) Britt.; Gerardia<br />
besseyana Britt.; Gerardia tenuifolia Vahl ssp.<br />
macrophylla (Benth.) Pennell; Gerardia<br />
tenuifolia Vahl var macrophylla Benth<br />
Gerardia tenuifolia Vahl ssp. parviflora<br />
(Nutt.) Pennell; Gerardia tenuifolia Vahl var.<br />
parviflora Nutt.<br />
Gerardia tenuifolia Vahl; Gerardia tenuifolia<br />
Vahl var. humilis Benth.; Gerardia tenuifolia<br />
Vahl var. typica Pennell<br />
Agal<strong>in</strong>is flava (L.) Boiv<strong>in</strong>; Aureolaria flava<br />
ssp. typica Pennell; Dasistoma flava (L.)<br />
Wood; Gerardia flava L.<br />
Aureolaria pedicularia ssp. <strong>in</strong>tercedens<br />
(Pennell) Pennell; Gerardia pedicularia<br />
L. var.<br />
<strong>in</strong>tercedens (Pennell) Fern.<br />
Agal<strong>in</strong>is pedicularia (L.) Blake; Agal<strong>in</strong>is<br />
pedicularia (L.) Blake var. caesariensis<br />
(Pennell) Blake; Aureolaria pedicularia ssp.<br />
caesariensis Pennell; Aureolaria pedicularia<br />
ssp. carol<strong>in</strong>ensis Pennell; Aureolaria<br />
pedicularia var. carol<strong>in</strong>ensis (Pennell)<br />
Pennell; Aureolaria pedicularia ssp. typica<br />
Pennell; Dasistoma pedicularia (L.) Benth.;<br />
slender-leaved agal<strong>in</strong>is<br />
slender-leaved agal<strong>in</strong>is<br />
slender-leaved agal<strong>in</strong>is<br />
smooth false foxglove<br />
fern-leaved false foxglove<br />
fern-leaved false foxglove<br />
G d d l<br />
Aureolaria virg<strong>in</strong>ica (L.) Pennell Agal<strong>in</strong>is virg<strong>in</strong>ica (L.) Blake; Dasistoma downy false foxglove<br />
virg<strong>in</strong>ica (L.) Britt.; Gerardia virg<strong>in</strong>ica (L.)<br />
B.S.P.; Rh<strong>in</strong>anthus virg<strong>in</strong>icus L.<br />
Castilleja cocc<strong>in</strong>ea (L.) Spreng. Bartsia cocc<strong>in</strong>ea L. scarlet pa<strong>in</strong>ted-cup<br />
Castilleja exserta (Heller) Chuang & Orthocarpus exsertus Heller; Orthocarpus purple pa<strong>in</strong>ted-cup<br />
Heckard ssp. exserta<br />
purpurascens Benth.; Orthocarpus<br />
purpurascens Benth. var. pallidus Keck<br />
Castilleja septentrionalis L<strong>in</strong>dl. Castilleja pallida (L.) Spreng. ssp.<br />
septentrionalis (L<strong>in</strong>dl.) Scoggan; Castilleja<br />
pallida (L.) Spreng. var. septentrionalis<br />
nor<strong>the</strong>rn pa<strong>in</strong>ted-cup<br />
(L<strong>in</strong>dl ) Gray<br />
Conopholis americana (L.) Wallr. f. Orobanche americana L. American squaw-root<br />
Epifagus virg<strong>in</strong>iana (L.) W. Bart. Leptamnium virg<strong>in</strong>ianum (L.) Raf. beech-drops<br />
Euphrasia micrantha Reichenb.<br />
nor<strong>the</strong>rn eyebright<br />
Euphrasia nemorosa (Pers.) Wallr. Euphrasia americana Wettst.; Euphrasia common eyebright<br />
canadensis , <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> sense of Fernald; Euphrasia<br />
offic<strong>in</strong>alis L. var. nemorosa Pers.<br />
Euphrasia oakesii Wettst. Euphrasia williamsii B.L. Rob<strong>in</strong>s.; Euphrasia<br />
williamsii B.L. Rob<strong>in</strong>s. var. vestita Fern. &<br />
Wieg.<br />
Euphrasia randii B.L. Rob<strong>in</strong>s. Euphrasia purpurea Reeks; Euphrasia randii<br />
var. farlowii B.L. Rob<strong>in</strong>s.; Euphrasia randii<br />
var. reeksii Fern.<br />
Oakes' eyebright<br />
Rand's eyebright
Euphrasia stricta D. Wolff ex J.F.<br />
Lehm.<br />
Euphrasia brevipila<br />
Euphrasia offic<strong>in</strong>alis<br />
Burn. & Gremli ex Gremli;<br />
, of authors not L.;<br />
strict eyebright<br />
Euphrasia rigidula Jord.<br />
Euphrasia suborbicularis Sell & Yeo Euphrasia mollis (Ledeb.) Wettst. var. round-leaved eyebright<br />
laurentiana Boiv<strong>in</strong><br />
Euphrasia tetraquetra (Brébiss.) Euphrasia canadensis Townsend seacliff eyebright<br />
Arrond.<br />
Melampyrum l<strong>in</strong>eare Desr. Melampyrum latifolium (Bart.) Muhl. ex Britt.; cow-wheat<br />
Melampyrum l<strong>in</strong>eare var. americanum (Michx.)<br />
Beauverd; Melampyrum l<strong>in</strong>eare var. latifolium<br />
Bart.; Melampyrum l<strong>in</strong>eare var. pect<strong>in</strong>atum<br />
(Pennell) Fern<br />
Odontites vulgaris Moench Odontites rubra Gilib.; Odontites serot<strong>in</strong>us<br />
Dumort.; Odontites vernus (Bellardi) Dumort.<br />
red false bartsia<br />
Ssp. serot<strong>in</strong>us (Dumort.) Corb.<br />
Orobanche m<strong>in</strong>or Sm.<br />
lesser broom-rape<br />
Orobanche uniflora L. Aphyllon uniflorum (L.) Torr. & Gray; one-flowered broom-rape<br />
Orobanche uniflora var. purpurea (Heller)<br />
Achey; Thalesia uniflora (L.) Britt.<br />
Pedicularis canadensis L. ssp. Pedicularis canadensis var. dobbsii Fern.; forest lousewort<br />
canadensis<br />
Pedicularis gladiata Michx.<br />
Pedicularis furbishiae S. Wats.<br />
Furbish's lousewort<br />
Pedicularis lanceolata Michx. Pedicularis pallida Nutt.; Pedicularis swamp lousewort<br />
virg<strong>in</strong>ica Poir.<br />
Rh<strong>in</strong>anthus alectorolophus (Scop.) Rh<strong>in</strong>anthus major Ehrh. European yellow-rattle<br />
Pollich<br />
Rh<strong>in</strong>anthus m<strong>in</strong>or L. ssp.<br />
Rh<strong>in</strong>anthus borealis (Sterneck) Druce; little yellow-rattle<br />
groenlandicus (Ostenf.) L. Neum. Rh<strong>in</strong>anthus groenlandicus (Ostenf.) Chabert;<br />
Rh<strong>in</strong>anthus m<strong>in</strong>or ssp. borealis (Sterneck) A.<br />
Löve; Rh<strong>in</strong>anthus oblongifolius Fern<br />
Rh<strong>in</strong>anthus m<strong>in</strong>or L. ssp. m<strong>in</strong>or Rh<strong>in</strong>anthus crista-galli L., <strong>in</strong> part; Rh<strong>in</strong>anthus<br />
crista-galli L. var. fallax (Wimmer & Grab.)<br />
Druce; Rh<strong>in</strong>anthus stenophyllus (Schur) Sch<strong>in</strong>z<br />
& Thellung<br />
Schwalbea americana L. Schwalbea americana var. australis (Pennell)<br />
Reveal & Broome; Schwalbea australis Pennell<br />
little yellow-rattle<br />
chaff-seed<br />
Oxalidaceae<br />
Oxalis corniculata L. Acetosella corniculata (L.) Kuntze; Oxalis<br />
corniculata var. langloisii (Small) Wieg.;<br />
Oxalis langloisii (Small) Fedde; Oxalis repens<br />
Thunb.; Xanthoxalis corniculata (L.) Small;<br />
Xanthoxalis langloisii Small; Xanthoxalis<br />
repens (Thunb ) Moldenke<br />
Oxalis dillenii Jacq. Oxalis corniculata var. dillenii (Jacq.) Trel.;<br />
Xanthoxalis dillenii (Jacq.) Holub<br />
wood sorrel family<br />
creep<strong>in</strong>g yellow wood sorrel<br />
slender yellow wood sorrel
Oxalis florida Salisb. Oxalis brittoniae Small; Oxalis dillenii ssp.<br />
filipes (Small) Eiten; Oxalis filipes Small;<br />
Oxalis florida Salisb.; Oxalis florida Salisb.<br />
var. filipes (Small) Ahles; Xanthoxalis<br />
brittoniae (Small) Small; Xanthoxalis filipes<br />
(Small) Small; Xanthoxalis florida (Salisb.)<br />
flower<strong>in</strong>g yellow wood sorrel<br />
Moldenke<br />
Oxalis <strong>in</strong>termedia A. Rich. Ionoxalis <strong>in</strong>termedia (A. Rich.) Small West Indian wood sorrel<br />
Oxalis montana Raf. Oxalis acetosella , <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> sense of Gleason & nor<strong>the</strong>rn wood sorrel<br />
Cronquist (1991); Oxalis acetosella L. ssp.<br />
Oxalis stricta L.<br />
Oxalis violacea L.<br />
Paeoniaceae<br />
montana (Raf.) Hultén ex D. Löve<br />
Ceratoxalis cymosa (Small) Lunell; Oxalis<br />
cymosa Small; Oxalis europaea Jord.; Oxalis<br />
europaea Jord. var. bushii (Small) Wieg.;<br />
Oxalis <strong>in</strong>terior (Small) Fedde; Oxalis stricta<br />
var. villicaulis (Wieg.) Farw.; Xanthoxalis<br />
bushii Small; Xanthoxalis cymosa (Small)<br />
Small; Xanthoxalis <strong>in</strong>terior Small; Xanthoxalis<br />
tit (L)S ll<br />
Ionoxalis violacea (L.) Small; Oxalis violacea<br />
var. trichophora Fassett<br />
common yellow wood sorrel<br />
violet wood sorrel<br />
peony family<br />
Paeonia lactiflora Pallas Paeonia albiflora Pallas Ch<strong>in</strong>ese peony<br />
Paeonia offic<strong>in</strong>alis L.<br />
common peony<br />
Papaveraceae<br />
poppy family<br />
Adlumia fungosa (Ait.) Greene<br />
ex B.S.P.<br />
Argemone albiflora Hornem.<br />
Argemone alba Lestib.; Argemone <strong>in</strong>termedia<br />
Sweet, <strong>in</strong> part; Argemone mexicana var.<br />
albiflora DC.<br />
Argemone mexicana L. Argemone leiocarpa Greene; Argemone<br />
sp<strong>in</strong>osa Moench; Argemone vulgaris Spach;<br />
Capnoides sempervirens (L.) Borkh.<br />
Ectrus mexicanus (L.) Nieuwl.<br />
Capnoides glauca (Curt.) Moench; Corydalis<br />
glauca (Curt.) Pursh; Corydalis sempervirens<br />
(L.) Pers.; Fumaria glauca Curt.; Fumaria<br />
sempervirens L<br />
Chelidonium majus L. Chelidonium majus var. lac<strong>in</strong>iatum (P. Mill.)<br />
Syme; Chelidonium majus var. plenum<br />
Allegheny-v<strong>in</strong>e<br />
white prickly-poppy<br />
Mexican prickly-poppy<br />
p<strong>in</strong>k-corydalis<br />
greater celand<strong>in</strong>e<br />
Wehrhaln<br />
Corydalis aurea Willd.<br />
Capnoides aureum (Willd.) Kuntze; Corydalis golden corydalis<br />
wash<strong>in</strong>gtoniana Fedde<br />
Corydalis flavula (Raf.) DC. Capnoides flavulum (Raf.) Kuntze short-spurred corydalis<br />
Corydalis solida (L.) Clairv. Corydalis bulbosa (L.) DC. spr<strong>in</strong>g corydalis<br />
Dicentra canadensis (Goldie) Walp. Bicuculla canadensis (Goldie) Millsp.; squirrel-corn<br />
Capnorchis canadensis (Goldie) Kuntze;<br />
Corydalis canadensis<br />
Goldie
Dicentra cucullaria (L.) Bernh. Bicuculla cucullaria (L.) Millsp.; Capnorchis<br />
cucullaria (L.) Planch.; Dicentra occidentalis<br />
Rydb.; Fumaria cucullaria L.<br />
Dicentra eximia (Ker-Gawl.) Torr. Bicuculla eximia (Ker-Gawl.) Millsp.;<br />
Capnorchis eximia (Ker-Gawl.) Planch.;<br />
Dicentra formosa (Haw.) Walp. ssp.<br />
formosa<br />
Eschscholzia californica Cham. ex<br />
Nees ssp. californica<br />
Fumaria offic<strong>in</strong>alis L. ssp. offic<strong>in</strong>alis<br />
Dutchman's-breeches<br />
wild bleed<strong>in</strong>g-heart<br />
Fumaria eximia Ker-Gawl.<br />
Capnorchis formosa (Haw.) Planch.; Fumaria westerm bleed<strong>in</strong>g-heart<br />
formosa Haw.<br />
Eschscholzia procera Greene California-poppy<br />
common fumitory<br />
Glaucium flavum Crantz<br />
yellow horn-poppy<br />
Lamprocapnos spectabilis (L.) Dicentra spectabilis (L.) Lem.<br />
common bleed<strong>in</strong>g-heart<br />
Fukuhara<br />
Macleaya cordata (Willd.) R. Br. Bocconia cordata Willd. plume-poppy<br />
Papaver dubium L. Papaver obtusifolium Desf.; Papaver<br />
long-podded poppy<br />
modestum Jord.<br />
Papaver rhoeas L. Papaver strigosum (Boenn.) Schur corn poppy<br />
Papaver somniferum L. Papaver setigerum , of authors not DC.; opium poppy<br />
Papaver somniferum var. hortense (Huss.)<br />
Corb.<br />
Sangu<strong>in</strong>aria canadensis L. Sangu<strong>in</strong>aria canadensis var. rotundifolia<br />
Parnassiaceae<br />
(Greene) Fedde<br />
blood-root<br />
grass-of-Parnassus<br />
family<br />
Parnassia glauca Raf. Parnassia americana Muhl. fen grass-of-Parnassus<br />
Paulowniaceae<br />
empress-tree family<br />
Paulownia tomentosa (Thunb.) Sieb.<br />
& Zucc. ex Steud.<br />
Pedaliaceae<br />
Bignonia tomentosa Thunb. empress-tree<br />
sesame family<br />
Proboscidea louisianica (P. Mill.) Martynia louisianica P. Mill. ram's-horn<br />
Thellung ssp. louisianica<br />
Sesamum orientale L. Sesamum <strong>in</strong>dicum L. sesame<br />
Penthoraceae<br />
ditch-stonecrop family<br />
Penthorum sedoides L.<br />
Phrymaceae<br />
Diplacus brevipes (Benth.) G.L.<br />
Nesom<br />
Erythran<strong>the</strong> guttata (Fisch. ex DC.)<br />
G.L. Nesom<br />
Eunanus brevipes (Benth.) Greene; Mimulus<br />
brevipes Benth.<br />
Mimulus guttatus Fisch. ex DC.; Mimulus<br />
langsdorfii Donn ex Greene var. guttatus<br />
ditch-stonecrop<br />
lopseed family<br />
wide-throated monkey-flower<br />
seep monkey-flower<br />
(Fisch. ex DC.) Jepson<br />
Erythran<strong>the</strong> moschata (Douglas ex Mimulus moschatus Dougl. ex L<strong>in</strong>dl. Allegheny monkey-flower<br />
L<strong>in</strong>dl.) G.L. Nesom<br />
Glossostigma cleistanthum W.R.<br />
mud-mat<br />
Barker<br />
Mazus miquelii Mak<strong>in</strong>o Mazus reptans N.E. Br. creep<strong>in</strong>g mazus<br />
Mazus pumilus (Burm. f.) Stennis Mazus japonicus (Thunb.) Kuntze Japanese mazus
Mimulus alatus Ait.<br />
Mimulus r<strong>in</strong>gens L. Mimulus m<strong>in</strong>thodes Greene; Mimulus r<strong>in</strong>gens<br />
var. colpophilus Fern.; Mimulus r<strong>in</strong>gens var.<br />
w<strong>in</strong>ged monkey-flower<br />
m<strong>in</strong>thodes (Greene) A.L. Grant<br />
Phryma leptostachya L. Phryma leptostachya var. confertifolia Fern. American lop-seed<br />
Phytolaccaceae<br />
pokeweed family<br />
Phytolacca americana L. var.<br />
americana<br />
Plantag<strong>in</strong>aceae<br />
Phytolacca decandra L. American pokeweed<br />
snapdragon family<br />
Antirrh<strong>in</strong>um majus L.<br />
garden snapdragon<br />
Callitriche hermaphroditica L. Callitriche autumnalis L. autumn water-starwort<br />
Callitriche heterophylla Pursh var. Callitriche anceps Fern.<br />
greater water-starwort<br />
heterophylla<br />
Callitriche palustris L. Callitriche palustris var. verna (L.) Fenley ex vernal water-starwort<br />
Jepson; Callitriche verna L.<br />
Callitriche stagnalis Scop. pond water-starwort<br />
Callitriche terrestris Raf. Callitriche aust<strong>in</strong>ii Engelm.; Callitriche terrestrial water-starwort<br />
deflexa A. Braun; Callitriche deflexa A. Braun<br />
var. aust<strong>in</strong>ii (Engelm.) Hegelm.<br />
Chaenorh<strong>in</strong>um m<strong>in</strong>us (L.) Lange Antirrh<strong>in</strong>um m<strong>in</strong>us L.; L<strong>in</strong>aria m<strong>in</strong>or (L.) Desf. dwarf-snapdragon<br />
Chelone glabra L.<br />
Chelone glabra var. chlorantha (Pennell & white turtlehead<br />
Wherry) Cooperrider; Chelone glabra var.<br />
dilatata Fern. & Wieg.; Chelone glabra var.<br />
elatior Raf.; Chelone glabra var. l<strong>in</strong>ifolia<br />
Coleman<br />
Chelone lyonii Pursh<br />
p<strong>in</strong>k turtlehead<br />
Chelone obliqua L. var. obliqua<br />
red turtlehead<br />
Coll<strong>in</strong>sia parviflora L<strong>in</strong>dl. small-flowered blue-eyed Mary<br />
Cymbalaria muralis P.G. Gaertn., B. L<strong>in</strong>aria cymbalaria (L.) P. Mill. Kenilworth-ivy<br />
Mey., & Scherb<br />
Digitalis grandiflora P. Mill. Digitalis ambigua Murr. yellow foxglove<br />
Digitalis lanata Ehrh. Grecian foxglove<br />
Digitalis lutea L.<br />
straw foxglove<br />
Digitalis purpurea L. var. purpurea purple foxglove<br />
Gratiola aurea Pursh<br />
Gratiola aurea var. obtusa Pennell; Gratiola golden hedge-hyssop<br />
lutea Raf.<br />
Gratiola neglecta Torr. Gratiola neglecta var. glaberrima Fern. clammy hedge-hyssop<br />
Gratiola virg<strong>in</strong>iana L. var.<br />
Gratiola sphaerocarpa Ell. round-fruited hedge-hyssop<br />
virg<strong>in</strong>iana<br />
Hippuris vulgaris L.<br />
common mare's-tail<br />
Kickxia elat<strong>in</strong>e (L.) Dumort. Antirrh<strong>in</strong>um elat<strong>in</strong>e L.; L<strong>in</strong>aria elat<strong>in</strong>e (L.) P. sharp-leaved cancerwort<br />
Mill.<br />
Kickxia spuria (L.) Dumort. Antirrh<strong>in</strong>um spurium L. round-leaved cancerwort<br />
L<strong>in</strong>aria dalmatica (L.) P. Mill. ssp. Antirrh<strong>in</strong>um dalmaticum L.; L<strong>in</strong>aria<br />
Dalmatian toadflax<br />
dalmatica<br />
genistifolia ssp. dalmatica (L.) Maire & Petitm.<br />
L<strong>in</strong>aria genistifolia (L.) P. Mill. Antirrh<strong>in</strong>um genistifolium L. broom-leaved toadflax<br />
L<strong>in</strong>aria maroccana Hook. f.<br />
Moroccan toadflax
L<strong>in</strong>aria p<strong>in</strong>ifolia (Poir.) Thellung Antirrh<strong>in</strong>um p<strong>in</strong>ifolium Poir.; Antirrh<strong>in</strong>um<br />
reticulatum Sm.; L<strong>in</strong>aria reticulata (Sm.) Desf.<br />
p<strong>in</strong>e-needle toadflax<br />
L<strong>in</strong>aria repens (L.) P. Mill. Antirrh<strong>in</strong>um repens L.; L<strong>in</strong>aria striata DC. striped toadflax<br />
L<strong>in</strong>aria spartea (L.) Willd. Antirrh<strong>in</strong>um sparteum L. ballast toadflax<br />
L<strong>in</strong>aria vulgaris P. Mill. L<strong>in</strong>aria l<strong>in</strong>aria (L.) Karst. butter-and-eggs toadflax<br />
Littorella americana Fern. Littorella uniflora (L.) Aschers. var. americana American shoreweed<br />
(Fern.) Gleason; Plantago americana (Fern.) K.<br />
Rahn<br />
Misopates orontium (L.) Raf. Antirrh<strong>in</strong>um orontium L. lesser-snapdragon<br />
Nuttallanthus canadensis (L.) D.A. Antirrh<strong>in</strong>um canadense L.; L<strong>in</strong>aria canadensis oldfield-toadflax<br />
Sutton<br />
(L.) Chaz.<br />
Penstemon barbatus (Cav.) Roth ssp.<br />
beard-lip beardtongue<br />
barbatus<br />
Penstemon calycosus Small Penstemon laevigatus ssp. calycosus (Small) long-sepaled beardtongue<br />
Bennett<br />
Penstemon digitalis Nutt. ex Sims Penstemon laevigatus ssp. digitalis (Nutt. ex Simfoxglove beardtongue<br />
Penstemon grandiflorus Nutt. Penstemon bradurii Pursh large beardtongue<br />
Penstemon hirsutus (L.) Willd.<br />
nor<strong>the</strong>astern beardtongue<br />
Penstemon laevigatus Ait. Penstemon penstemon (L.) Britt. eastern smooth beardtongue<br />
Penstemon pallidus Small Penstemon arkansanus Pennell var. pubescens eastern white beardtongue<br />
Pennell<br />
Penstemon tubiflorus Nutt. Penstemon tubiflorus var. achoreus Fern. tube beardtongue<br />
Plantago arenaria Waldst. & Kit. Plantago <strong>in</strong>dica L., an illegitimate name; sand planta<strong>in</strong><br />
Plantago psyllium L., an ambiguous name;<br />
Plantago ramosa Aschers.<br />
Plantago aristata Michx. Plantago aristata var. nuttallii (Rap<strong>in</strong>) Morris;<br />
Plantago gnaphalioides Pursh var. aristata<br />
(Michx.) Hook.; Plantago nuttallii Rap<strong>in</strong>;<br />
Plantago patagonica var. aristata (Michx.)<br />
Gray<br />
Plantago coronopus L. Asterogeum lac<strong>in</strong>iatum S.F. Gray; Coronopus<br />
vulgaris Fourr.<br />
Plantago <strong>in</strong>termedia DC. Plantago halophila Bickn.; Plantago major<br />
ssp. <strong>in</strong>termedia (DC.) Arcang.; Plantago major<br />
var. <strong>in</strong>termedia (DC.) Pilger; Plantago major<br />
ssp. pleiosperma Pilger; Plantago major var.<br />
scopulorum Fries & Broberg<br />
Plantago lanceolata L. Arnoglossum lanceolatum S.F. Gray; Plantago<br />
altissima , of authors not L.; Plantago<br />
lanceolata var. sphaerostachya Mert. & Koch<br />
bracted planta<strong>in</strong><br />
buck's-horn planta<strong>in</strong><br />
many-seeded planta<strong>in</strong><br />
English planta<strong>in</strong><br />
Plantago major L. Plantago major var. pilgeri Dom<strong>in</strong> common planta<strong>in</strong>
Plantago maritima L. ssp. juncoides<br />
(Lam.) Hultén<br />
Plantago juncoides Lam.; Plantago juncoides<br />
Lam. var. decipiens (Barneoud) Fern.; Plantago<br />
juncoides Lam. var. glauca (Hornem.) Fern.;<br />
Plantago juncoides Lam. var. laurentiana<br />
Fern.; Plantago maritima ssp. borealis (Lange)<br />
Blytt & O. Dahl; Plantago maritima var.<br />
juncoides (Lam.) Gray; Plantago oliganthos<br />
Roemer & J.A. Schultes; Plantago oliganthos<br />
Roemer & J.A. Schultes var. fallax Fern.<br />
seaside planta<strong>in</strong><br />
Plantago media L. Arnoglossum <strong>in</strong>canum S.F. Gray; Plantago<br />
<strong>in</strong>cana Stokes<br />
Plantago patagonica Jacq. Plantago gnaphalioides Nutt.; Plantago<br />
patagonica var. breviscapa (Sh<strong>in</strong>ners)<br />
Sh<strong>in</strong>ners; Plantago patagonica var.<br />
gnaphalioides (Nutt.) Gray; Plantago purshii<br />
Roemer & J.A. Schultes; Plantago purshii<br />
Roemer & J.A. Schultes var. breviscapa Sh<strong>in</strong>ners<br />
hoary planta<strong>in</strong><br />
Pursh's planta<strong>in</strong><br />
Plantago pusilla Nutt. Plantago hybrida W. Bart.; Plantago pusilla dwarf planta<strong>in</strong><br />
var. major Engelm.<br />
Plantago rugelii Dcne. Plantago rugelii var. asperula Farw. Rugel's planta<strong>in</strong><br />
Plantago virg<strong>in</strong>ica L. Plantago carol<strong>in</strong>iana Walt.; Plantago pale-seeded planta<strong>in</strong><br />
virg<strong>in</strong>ica var. viridescens Fern.<br />
Veronica agrestis L.<br />
green field speedwell<br />
Veronica americana Schwe<strong>in</strong>. ex Veronica beccabunga var. americana Raf. American speedwell<br />
Benth.<br />
Veronica anagallis-aquatica L. Veronica anagallis L.; Veronica glandifera blue water speedwell<br />
Pennell<br />
Veronica arvensis L.<br />
corn speedwell<br />
Veronica austriaca L. ssp. teucrium Veronica latifolia L.; Veronica teucrium L. broad-leaved speedwell<br />
(L.) D.A. Webb<br />
Veronica beccabunga L.<br />
European speedwell<br />
Veronica catenata Pennell Veronica catenata var. glandulosa (Farw.) water speedwell<br />
Pennell; Veronica comosa Richter var.<br />
glaberrima (Pennell) Boiv<strong>in</strong>; Veronica<br />
comosa Richter var. glandulosa (Farw.) Boiv<strong>in</strong>;<br />
Veronica connata Raf. ssp. glaberrima<br />
Pennell; Veronica connata Raf. var. glaberrima<br />
(Pennell) Fern.; Veronica connata Raf. var.<br />
Veronica chamaedrys L.<br />
t i P ll<br />
germander speedwell<br />
Veronica filiformis L.<br />
thread-stalked speedwell<br />
Veronica hederifolia L.<br />
ivy-leaved speedwell<br />
Veronica longifolia L. Pseudolysimachion longifolium (L.) Opiz long-leaved speedwell<br />
Veronica offic<strong>in</strong>alis L. Veronica offic<strong>in</strong>alis var. tournefortii (Vill.) common speedwell<br />
Reichenb.; Veronica tournefortii Vill.<br />
Veronica peregr<strong>in</strong>a L. ssp. peregr<strong>in</strong>a Veronica peregr<strong>in</strong>a var. typica Pennell purslane speedwell
Veronica peregr<strong>in</strong>a L. ssp.<br />
Veronica peregr<strong>in</strong>a var. xalapensis (Kunth) purslane speedwell<br />
xalapensis (Kunth) Pennell<br />
Pennell; Veronica xalapensis Kunth<br />
Veronica persica Poir. Pocilla persica (Poir.) Fourr. bird's-eye speedwell<br />
Veronica polita Fries Pocilla polita (Fries) Fourr. gray field speedwell<br />
Veronica scutellata L. Veronica scutellata var. villosa Schumacher narrow-leaved speedwell<br />
Veronica serpyllifolia L. ssp. Veronica humifusa Dickson; Veronica thyme-leaved speedwell<br />
humifusa (Dickson) Syme<br />
serpyllifolia var. humifusa (Dickson) Vahl;<br />
Veronica tenella All.; Veronicastrum<br />
serpyllifolium (L.) Fourr. ssp. humifusum<br />
Veronica serpyllifolia L. ssp.<br />
serpyllifolia<br />
(Dickson) W A Weber<br />
Veronicastrum serpyllifolium (L.) Fourr. thyme-leaved speedwell<br />
Veronica spuria L. Pseudolysimachion spurium (L.) Rauschert;<br />
Veronica paniculata L.<br />
Veronica wormskjoldii Roemer & Veronica alp<strong>in</strong>a L. var. terrae-novae Fern.;<br />
J.A. Schultes var. wormskjoldii Veronica alp<strong>in</strong>a L. var. unalaschcensis Cham.<br />
& Schlecht.<br />
Veronicastrum virg<strong>in</strong>icum (L.) Farw. Leptandra virg<strong>in</strong>ica (L.) Nutt.; Veronica<br />
virg<strong>in</strong>ica L.<br />
Platanaceae<br />
bastard speedwell<br />
American alp<strong>in</strong>e speedwell<br />
Culver's-root<br />
plane-tree family<br />
Platanus hybrida Brot. Platanus acerifolia (Ait.) Willd. London sycamore<br />
Platanus occidentalis L.<br />
American sycamore<br />
Plumbag<strong>in</strong>aceae<br />
leadwort family<br />
Limonium carol<strong>in</strong>ianum (Walt.) Britt. Limonium angustatum (Gray) Small; Limonium<br />
carol<strong>in</strong>ianum var. angustatum (Gray) Blake;<br />
Limonium carol<strong>in</strong>ianum var. nashii (Small)<br />
Boiv<strong>in</strong>; Limonium carol<strong>in</strong>ianum var.<br />
trichogonum (Blake) Boiv<strong>in</strong>; Limonium nashii<br />
Small; Limonium nashii Small var. albiflorum<br />
(Raf.) House; Limonium nashii Small var.<br />
angustatum (Gray) Ahles; Limonium nashii<br />
Small var. trichogonum (Blake) Blake;<br />
Podostemaceae<br />
Carol<strong>in</strong>a sea-lavender<br />
riverweed family<br />
Podostemum ceratophyllum Michx. Podostemum abrotanoides Nutt. horn-leaved riverweed<br />
Polemoniaceae<br />
phlox family<br />
Collomia l<strong>in</strong>earis Nutt. Gilia l<strong>in</strong>earis (Nutt.) Gray narrow-leaved mounta<strong>in</strong>trumpet<br />
Gilia achilleifolia Benth. ssp. Gilia multicaulis Benth.; Gilia multicaulis blue gilia<br />
multicaulis (Benth.) V. & A. Grant Benth. var. alba Milliken<br />
Gilia <strong>in</strong>terior (Mason & A. Grant) A. Gilia tenuiflora Benth. var. <strong>in</strong>terior Matson & <strong>in</strong>land gilia<br />
Grant<br />
A. Grant<br />
Gilia tricolor Benth. ssp. diffusa Gilia diffusa Congd.; Gilia tricolor var. bird's-eye gilia<br />
(Congd.) Mason & A. Grant<br />
longipedicellata Greenman <strong>in</strong> Deane<br />
Ipomopsis rubra (L.) Wherry Gilia rubra (L.) Heller; Polemonium rubrum stand<strong>in</strong>g-cypress skyrocket<br />
Navarretia leucocephala Benth. ssp. Navarretia m<strong>in</strong>ima Nutt. white-flowered p<strong>in</strong>cushionplant<br />
m<strong>in</strong>ima (Nutt.) Day<br />
Phlox bifida Beck var. bifida<br />
sand phlox
Phlox divaricata L. ssp. divaricata<br />
wild blue phlox<br />
Phlox drummondii Hook. spp.<br />
annual phlox<br />
drummondii<br />
Phlox latifolia Michx. Phlox ovata , of authors not L. mounta<strong>in</strong> phlox<br />
Phlox maculata L. ssp. maculata Phlox maculata var. odorata (Sweet) Wherry spotted phlox<br />
Phlox paniculata L.<br />
fall phlox<br />
Phlox pilosa L. ssp. pilosa Phlox pilosa var. virens (Michx.) Wherry downy phlox<br />
Phlox ×procumbens Lehm. Phlox stolonifera × P. subulata<br />
Phlox stolonifera Sims<br />
creep<strong>in</strong>g phlox<br />
Phlox subulata L. ssp. subulata<br />
moss phlox<br />
Polemonium caeruleum L.<br />
blue Jacob's-ladder<br />
Polemonium micranthum Benth. Polemoniella micrantha (Benth.) Heller annual Jacob's-ladder<br />
Polemonium reptans L. var. reptans<br />
spread<strong>in</strong>g Jacob's-ladder<br />
Polemonium vanbruntiae Britt. Polemonium caeruleum ssp. vanbruntiae bog Jacob's-ladder<br />
(Britt.) J.F. Davids.<br />
Polygalaceae<br />
milkwort family<br />
Polygala ambigua Nutt. Polygala verticillata var. ambigua (Nutt.) alternate milkwort<br />
Wood; Polygala verticillata var. dolichoptera<br />
Fern.<br />
Polygala cruciata L. ssp. aquilonia Polygala cruciata var. aquilonia Fern. & drum-heads milkwort<br />
(Fern. & Schub.) A. Ha<strong>in</strong>es<br />
Schub.<br />
Polygala nuttallii Torr. & Gray<br />
Nuttall's milkwort<br />
Polygala paucifolia Willd. Triclisperma pauciflora (Willd.) Nieuwl. fr<strong>in</strong>ged milkwort<br />
Polygala polygama Walt. Polygala polygama var. obtusata Chod.; racemed milkwort<br />
Polygala polygama var. ramulosa Farw.<br />
Polygala sangu<strong>in</strong>ea L. Polygala viridescens L. blood milkwort<br />
Polygala senega L. Polygala senega var. latifolia Torr. & Gray Seneca milkwort<br />
Polygala verticillata L. Polygala verticillata var. isocycla Fern.; whorled milkwort<br />
Polygala pretzii Pennell; Sexilia verticillata<br />
Polygaloides paucifolia (Willd.) J.R.<br />
Abbott<br />
Polygonaceae<br />
(L.) Raf.<br />
Polygala paucifolia<br />
pauciflora (Willd.) Nieuwl.<br />
Willd.; Triclisperma<br />
Bistorta offic<strong>in</strong>alis Delarbre Persicaria bistorta (L.) Sampaio; Polygonum<br />
bistortum L.<br />
Bistorta vivipara (L.) Delarbre Bistorta vivipara ssp. macounii (Small) Soják;<br />
Persicaria vivipara (L.) R. Decr.; Polygonum<br />
fr<strong>in</strong>ged false milkwort<br />
knotweed family<br />
meadow bistort<br />
alp<strong>in</strong>e bistort<br />
viviparum L.<br />
Chorizan<strong>the</strong> pungens Benth.<br />
Monterey sp<strong>in</strong>eflower<br />
var. pungens<br />
Emex sp<strong>in</strong>osa (L.) Campd. Rumex sp<strong>in</strong>osus L. sp<strong>in</strong>y threecorner-Jack<br />
Fagopyrum esculentum Moench Fagopyrum fagopyrum (L.) Karst.; Fagopyrum garden buckwheat<br />
sagittatum Gilib.; Fagopyrum vulgare Hill;<br />
Polygonum fagopyrum L.<br />
Fagopyrum tataricum (L.) Gaertn. Polygonum tataricum L. green buckwheat
Fallopia baldschuanica<br />
Holub<br />
(Regel)<br />
Fallopia aubertii (Henry) Holub; Bilderdykia<br />
aubertii (Henry) Moldenke; Bilderdykia<br />
baldschuanica (Regel) D.A. Webber;<br />
Polygonum aubertii Henry; Polygonum<br />
baldschuanica Regel; Reynoutria<br />
Fallopia ×bohemica (Chrtek &<br />
baldschuanica (Regel) Sh<strong>in</strong>ners<br />
Fallopia japonica × F. sachal<strong>in</strong>ensis ;<br />
Chrtková) J.P. Bailey<br />
Polygonum ×bohemicum (Chrtek & Chrtková)<br />
P.F. Zika & A.L. Jacobson; Reynoutria<br />
×bohemica Chrtek & Chrtková<br />
Fallopia cil<strong>in</strong>odis (Michx.) Holub Bilderdykia cil<strong>in</strong>odis (Michx.) Greene;<br />
Polygonum cil<strong>in</strong>ode Michx. var. laevigatum<br />
Fern.; Reynoutria cil<strong>in</strong>odis (Michx.) Sh<strong>in</strong>ners;<br />
T<strong>in</strong>iaria cil<strong>in</strong>odis (Michx ) Small<br />
Fallopia convolvulus (L.) A. Löve Bilderdykia convolvulus (L.) Dumort.;<br />
Polygonum convolvulus L. var. subulatum Lej.<br />
& Court.; Reynoutria convolvulus (L.)<br />
Sh<strong>in</strong>ners; T<strong>in</strong>iaria convolvulus (L.) Webb &<br />
Fallopia cristata<br />
Holub<br />
(Engelm. & Gray)<br />
Moq<br />
Bilderdykia cristata (Engelm. & Gray) Greene;<br />
Bilderdykia scandens (L.) Greene var. cristata<br />
(Engelm. & Gray) C.F. Reed; Polygonum<br />
cristatum Engelm. & Gray; Polygonum<br />
scandens L. var. cristatum (Engelm. & Gray)<br />
Gleason; Reynoutria scandens (L.) Sh<strong>in</strong>ners<br />
var. cristata (Engelm. & Gray) Sh<strong>in</strong>ners;<br />
Ti i i i t t (E l & G ) S ll<br />
Fallopia dumetorum (L.) Holub Bilderdykia dumetorum (L.) Dumort.;<br />
Polygonum dumetorum L.; Polygonum<br />
scandens L. var. dumetorum (L.) Gleason;<br />
Reynoutria scandens (L.) Sh<strong>in</strong>ners var.<br />
dumetorum (L.) Sh<strong>in</strong>ners; T<strong>in</strong>iaria dumetorum<br />
Ch<strong>in</strong>ese b<strong>in</strong>dweed<br />
fr<strong>in</strong>ged b<strong>in</strong>dweed<br />
black b<strong>in</strong>dweed<br />
crested b<strong>in</strong>dweed<br />
thicket b<strong>in</strong>dweed<br />
(L ) Opiz<br />
Fallopia japonica (Houtt.) R. Decr. Pleuropterus cuspidatus (Sieb. & Zucc.) Japanese knotweed<br />
var. japonica<br />
Moldenke; Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. &<br />
Zucc.; Reynoutria japonica Houtt.<br />
Fallopia sachal<strong>in</strong>ensis (F.S. Petrop. Polygonum sachal<strong>in</strong>ense F. Schmidt ex Maxim.; giant knotweed<br />
ex Maxim.) R. Decr.<br />
Reynoutria sachal<strong>in</strong>ensis (F. Schmidt ex<br />
Maxim.) Nakai<br />
Fallopia scandens (L.) Holub Bilderdykia scandens (L.) Greene; Polygonum climb<strong>in</strong>g b<strong>in</strong>dweed<br />
dumetorum L. var. scandens (L.) Gray;<br />
Polygonum scandens L.; Reynoutria scandens<br />
(L ) Sh<strong>in</strong>ners; T<strong>in</strong>iaria scandens (L ) Small<br />
Oxyria digyna (L.) Hill Rumex digyna L. mounta<strong>in</strong>-sorrel
Persicaria amphibia (L.) S.F. Gray<br />
ssp. laevimarg<strong>in</strong>ata (Hultén) Soják<br />
Persicaria amphibia var. stipulacea (Coleman)<br />
Hara; Polygonum amphibium L. ssp.<br />
laevimarg<strong>in</strong>atum Hultén; Polygonum<br />
amphibium L. var. natans Michx.; Polygonum<br />
amphibium L. var. stipulaceum Coleman;<br />
Polygonum cocc<strong>in</strong>eum Muhl. ex Willd. var.<br />
rigidulum (Sheldon) Stanford; Polygonum<br />
t (Mi h ) E t<br />
Persicaria arifolia (L.) Haroldson Polygonum arifolium L.; Polygonum<br />
arifolium L. var. lentiforme Fern. & Grisc.;<br />
Polygonum arifolium L. var. pubescens<br />
water smartweed<br />
halberd-leaved smartweed<br />
(Keller) Fern ; Tracaulon arifolium (L ) Raf<br />
Persicaria careyi (Olney) Greene Polygonum careyi Olney Carey's smartweed<br />
Persicaria ch<strong>in</strong>ensis (L.) H. Gross Polygonum ch<strong>in</strong>ense L. Ch<strong>in</strong>ese smartweed<br />
Persicaria cocc<strong>in</strong>ea (Muhl. ex Willd.) Persicaria amphibia var. emersa (Michx.) scarlet smartweed<br />
Greene<br />
Hickman; Persicaria muehlenbergii (S. Wats.)<br />
Small; Polygonum amphibium L. var.<br />
cocc<strong>in</strong>eum (Muhl. ex Willd.) Farw.; Polygonum<br />
amphibium L. var. emersum Michx.;<br />
Polygonum cocc<strong>in</strong>eum Muhl. ex Willd.;<br />
Polygonum cocc<strong>in</strong>eum Muhl. ex Willd. var.<br />
terrestre Willd.; Polygonum muehlenbergii S.<br />
Persicaria extremiorientalis<br />
(Vorosch.) Tzvelev<br />
Persicaria maculosa S.F. Gray ssp. hirticaulis<br />
(Danser) S. Ekman & T. Knutsson; Persicaria<br />
mitis Gilib. var. hirticaulis (Danser) H. Hara &<br />
I. Ito; Polygonum extremiorientale Vorosch.;<br />
Polygonum persicaria L. ssp. hirticaulis<br />
Danser; Polygonum persicaria L. var.<br />
far-eastern smartweed<br />
Persicaria hydropiper (L.) Opiz<br />
b Mak<strong>in</strong>o<br />
Polygonum hydropiper L. water-pepper smartweed<br />
Persicaria hydropiperoides (Michx.) Persicaria hydropiperoides var. breviciliata false water-pepper smartweed<br />
Small<br />
(Fern.) C.F. Reed; Persicaria hydropiperoides<br />
var. euronotora (Fern.) C.F. Reed; Persicaria<br />
opelousana (Ridd. ex Small) Small; Polygonum<br />
hydropiperoides Michx.; Polygonum<br />
hydropiperoides Michx. var. adenocalyx<br />
(Stanford) Gleason; Polygonum<br />
hydropiperoides Michx. var. breviciliatum<br />
Fern.; Polygonum hydropiperoides Michx. var.<br />
bushianum Stanford; Polygonum<br />
hydropiperoides Michx. var. digitatum Fern.;<br />
Polygonum hydropiperoides Michx. var.<br />
euronotorum Fern.; Polygonum<br />
hydropiperoides Michx. var. opelousanum<br />
(Riddell ex Small) Riddell ex W. Stone;<br />
Polygonum opelousanum Riddell ex Small;<br />
Polygonum opelousanum<br />
Riddell ex Small var
Persicaria lapathifolia (L.) S.F. Gray Persicaria tomentosa (Schrank) Bickn.; dock-leaved smartweed<br />
Polygonum lapathifolium L.; Polygonum<br />
lapathifolium L. var. ovatum A. Braun;<br />
Polygonum lapathifolium L. var. prostratum<br />
C.F.H. Wimmer; Polygonum lapathifolium L.<br />
Persicaria longiseta (Bruijn)<br />
var. salicifolium Sibthorp; Polygonum<br />
b Moench<br />
Persicaria caespitosa (Blume) Nakai var. Oriental lady's-thumb<br />
Kitagawa<br />
longiseta (Bruijn) Reed; Polygonum<br />
smartweed<br />
caespitosum Blume var. longisetum (Bruijn)<br />
Steward; Polygonum longisetum Bruijn<br />
Persicaria maculosa S.F. Gray Persicaria persicaria (L.) Small; Persicaria lady's-thumb smartweed<br />
vulgaris Webb & Moq.; Polygonum dubium<br />
Ste<strong>in</strong>; Polygonum persicaria L.<br />
Persicaria m<strong>in</strong>or (Huds.) Opiz Polygonum m<strong>in</strong>us Huds.; Polygonum m<strong>in</strong>us small smartweed<br />
Huds. var. subcont<strong>in</strong>uum (Meisn.) Fern.<br />
Persicaria nepalensis (Meisn.) H. Polygonum alatum Hamilton ex D. Don; Nepalese smartweed<br />
Gross<br />
Polygonum nepalense Meisn.<br />
Persicaria orientalis (L.) Spach Polygonum orientale L. pr<strong>in</strong>ce's-fea<strong>the</strong>r smartweed<br />
Persicaria pensylvanica (L.) G. Maza Persicaria bicornis (Raf.) Nieuwl.; Persicaria Pennsylvania smartweed<br />
longistyla (Small) Small; Polygonum bicorne<br />
Raf.; Polygonum longistylum Small;<br />
Polygonum pensylvanicum L.; Polygonum<br />
pensylvanicum L. var. eglandulosum J.C.<br />
Myers; Polygonum pensylvanicum L. var.<br />
genu<strong>in</strong>um Fern.; Polygonum pensylvanicum L.<br />
var. laevigatum Fern.; P olygonum<br />
Persicaria perfoliata (L.) H. Gross<br />
l<br />
Ampelygonum perfoliatum<br />
hl<br />
(L.) Roberty & Asiatic smartweed<br />
Vautier; Polygonum perfoliatum L.<br />
Persicaria punctata (Ell.) Small Persicaria punctata (Ell.) Small var.<br />
dotted smartweed<br />
confertiflora (Meisn.) D. Löve & J.-P. Bernard;<br />
Persicaria punctata (Ell.) Small var.<br />
leptostachya (Meisn.) Small; Polygonum acre<br />
Kunth; Polygonum punctatum Ell.;<br />
Polygonum punctatum Ell. var. confertiflorum<br />
(Meisn.) Fassett; Polygonum punctatum Ell.<br />
var. leptostachyum (Meisn.) Small; Polygonum<br />
Persicaria puritanorum (Fern.) Soják<br />
ll<br />
Polygonum puritanorum<br />
fl<br />
Fern. Puritan smartweed<br />
Persicaria robustior (Small) Bickn. Persicaria punctata (Ell.) Small var. robustior<br />
Small; Polygonum punctatum Ell. var. majus<br />
(Meisn.) Fassett; Polygonum punctatum Ell.<br />
var. robustius Small; Polygonum robustius<br />
(Small) Fern<br />
stout dotted smartweed
Persicaria sagittata (L.) H. Gross Polygonum sagittatum L.; Polygonum<br />
sagittatum L. var. gracilentum Fern.;<br />
Tracaulon sagittatum (L.) Small; Tracaulon<br />
sagittatum (L.) Small var. gracilentum (Fern.)<br />
C F Reed; Truellum sagittatum (L ) Soják<br />
Persicaria setacea (Baldw.) Small Persicaria setacea var. <strong>in</strong>terjecta (Fern.) C.F.<br />
Reed; Persicaria setacea var. tonsa (Fern.) C.F.<br />
Reed; Polygonum hydropiperoides Michx. var.<br />
setaceum (Baldw.) Gleason; Polygonum<br />
setaceum Michx. var. <strong>in</strong>terjectum Fern.;<br />
Polygonum setaceum Michx var tonsum Fern<br />
Persicaria virg<strong>in</strong>iana (L.) Gaertn. Antenoron virg<strong>in</strong>ianum (L.) Roberty & Vautier;<br />
Polygonum virg<strong>in</strong>ianum L.; Polygonum<br />
virg<strong>in</strong>ianum L. var. glaberrimum (Fern.)<br />
Steyermark; Tovara virg<strong>in</strong>iana (L.) Raf.; Tovara<br />
virg<strong>in</strong>iana (L.) Raf. var. glaberrima Fern.<br />
Persicaria wallichii Greuter &<br />
Burdet var. wallichii<br />
Aconogonum polystachyum (Wallich ex<br />
Meisn.) Haraldson; Polygonum polystachyum<br />
Wallich ex Meisn.<br />
Polygonum achoreum Blake Polygonum erectum ssp. achoreum (Blake) A.<br />
& D. Löve<br />
Polygonum arenarium Waldst. & Kit.<br />
Polygonum articulatum L. Delopyrum articulatum (L.) Small;<br />
Polygonum aviculare L. ssp.<br />
aviculare<br />
Polygonum aviculare L. ssp.<br />
depressum (Meisn.) Arcang.<br />
Polygonum aviculare L. ssp.<br />
neglectum (Bess.) Arcang.<br />
Polygonum aviculare L. ssp.<br />
rurivagum (Jord. ex Boreau) Berher<br />
Polygonella articulata (L.) Meisn.<br />
Polygonum aviculare var. vegetum Ledeb.;<br />
Polygonum heterophyllum L<strong>in</strong>dm.; Polygonum<br />
monspeliense Pers.<br />
Polygonum aequale L<strong>in</strong>dm.; Polygonum<br />
arenastrum Jord. ex Boreau; Polygonum<br />
aviculare var. arenastrum (Jord. ex Boreau)<br />
Rouy; Polygonum aviculare var. depressum<br />
Meisn.; Polygonum microspermum Jord. ex<br />
Boreau<br />
Polygonum aequale L<strong>in</strong>dm. ssp. oedocarpum<br />
L<strong>in</strong>dm.; Polygonum neglectum Bess.<br />
Polygonum aviculare var. angustissimum<br />
Meisn.; Polygonum heterophyllum Aschers. &<br />
Graebn. var. angustissimum (Meisn.) L<strong>in</strong>dm.;<br />
Polygonum heterophyllum Aschers. & Graebn.<br />
ssp. rurivagum (Jord. ex Boreau) L<strong>in</strong>dm.;<br />
Polygonum bellardii All.<br />
Polygonum rurivagum Jord ex Boreau<br />
Polygonum buxiforme Small Polygonum aviculare var. littorale (L<strong>in</strong>k)<br />
Mert.; Polygonum littorale L<strong>in</strong>k<br />
Polygonum douglasii Greene Polygonum douglasii var. latifolium (Engelm.)<br />
Greene<br />
arrow-leaved tearthumb<br />
bristly smartweed<br />
jumpseed<br />
garden smartweed<br />
lea<strong>the</strong>ry knotweed<br />
European knotweed<br />
coastal jo<strong>in</strong>ted knotweed<br />
dooryard knotweed<br />
dooryard knotweed<br />
dooryard knotweed<br />
dooryard knotweed<br />
Bellard's knotweed<br />
prairie knotweed<br />
Douglas' knotweed
Polygonum erectum L. Polygonum aviculare var. erectum (L.) Roth ex upright knotweed<br />
Meisn.<br />
Polygonum fowleri B.L. Rob<strong>in</strong>s. ssp. Polygonum allocarpum Blake; Polygonum Fowler's knotweed<br />
fowleri<br />
buxifolium Nutt. ex Bong.<br />
Polygonum glaucum Nutt. Polygonum maritimum , of authors not L. seaside knotweed<br />
Polygonum oxyspermum C.A. Mey. & Polygonum raii Bab.<br />
Ray's knotweed<br />
Bunge ex C.F. Ledeb. ssp. raii (Bab.)<br />
Webb & Chater<br />
Polygonum ramosissimum Michx. ssp. Polygonum prolificum (Small) B.L. Rob<strong>in</strong>s.; yellow-flowered knotweed<br />
prolificum (Small) Costea & Tardif Polygonum ramosissimum var. prolificum<br />
Small<br />
Polygonum ramosissimum Michx. ssp. Polygonum atlanticum (B.L. Rob<strong>in</strong>s.) Bickn.; yellow-flowered knotweed<br />
ramosissimum<br />
Polygonum exsertum Small; Polygonum<br />
triangulum Bickn.<br />
Polygonum tenue Michx. Polygonum tenue var. protrusum Fern. slender knotweed<br />
Rheum rhabarbarum L. Rheum rhaponticum , of authors not L. garden rhubarb<br />
Rumex acetosa L. Acetosa pratensis P. Mill.; Rumex acetosa ssp. common dock<br />
Rumex acetosella L. ssp. pyrenaicus<br />
(Pourret ex Lapeyr.) Akeroyd<br />
pratensis (P. Mill.) Blytt & Dahl<br />
Acetosella vulgaris (Koch) Fourr. ssp.<br />
pyrenaica (Pourret ex Lapeyr.) A. Löve ; Rumex<br />
acetosella var. pyrenaicus (Pourret ex Lapeyr.)<br />
Timbal-Lagrave; Rumex pyrenaicus Pourret ex<br />
sheep dock<br />
Lapeyr<br />
Rumex alp<strong>in</strong>us L.<br />
alp<strong>in</strong>e dock<br />
Rumex altissimus Wood<br />
pale dock<br />
Rumex britannica L. Rumex orbiculatus Gray; Rumex orbiculatus greater water dock<br />
Gray var. borealis Rech. f.<br />
Rumex crispus L. ssp. crispus Lapathum crispum (L.) Scop. curly dock<br />
Rumex crispus × R. longifolius<br />
Rumex ×dissimilis Rech. f.<br />
Rumex britannica × R. crispus<br />
Rumex hastatulus Baldw.<br />
wild dock<br />
Rumex longifolius DC. Rumex domesticus Hartman yard dock<br />
Rumex longifolius × R. obtusifolius<br />
Rumex maritimus L. Lapathum m<strong>in</strong>us Lam.; Rumex aureus P. Mill. golden dock<br />
Rumex obtusifolius L. ssp.<br />
Acetosa oblongifolia (L.) A. & D. Löve; Rumex bitter dock<br />
obtusifolius<br />
obtusifolius ssp. agrestis (Fries) Danser<br />
Rumex occidentalis S. Wats.<br />
Rumex aquaticus L. ssp. fenestratus (Greene)<br />
Hultén; Rumex aquaticus L. var. fenestratus<br />
(Greene) Dorn; Rumex aquaticus L. ssp.<br />
occidentalis (S. Wats.) Hultén; Rumex<br />
fenestratus Greene; Rumex occidentalis var.<br />
western dock<br />
fenestratus (Greene) Lepage<br />
Rumex pallidus Bigelow<br />
seabeach dock<br />
Rumex patientia L. Lapathum hortense Lam. patience dock
Rumex persicarioides L. var.<br />
fueg<strong>in</strong>us (Phil.) A. Ha<strong>in</strong>es<br />
Rumex fueg<strong>in</strong>us Phil.; Rumex maritimus var.<br />
athrix St. John; Rumex maritimus ssp. fueg<strong>in</strong>us<br />
(Phil.) Hultén; Rumex maritimus L. var.<br />
American golden dock<br />
fueg<strong>in</strong>us (Phil ) Dusen<br />
Rumex persicarioides L. var. Rumex maritimus var. persicarioides (L.) R.S. American golden dock<br />
persicarioides<br />
Mitchell<br />
Rumex ×pratensis Mert. & Koch Rumex crispus × R. obtusifolius<br />
Rumex pulcher L. Rumex pulcher ssp. divaricatus (L.) Murb. fiddle dock<br />
Rumex triangulivalvis (Danser) Rech. Rumex salicifolius We<strong>in</strong>m. ssp. triangulivalvis white dock<br />
f.<br />
Danser; Rumex salicifolius We<strong>in</strong>m. var.<br />
triangulivalvis (Danser) C.L. Hitchc.<br />
Rumex verticillatus L.<br />
Rumex violascens Rech. f.<br />
Portulacaceae<br />
Calandr<strong>in</strong>ia ciliata (Ruiz & Pavón) Calandr<strong>in</strong>ia ciliata var. menziesii (Hook.) J.F.<br />
DC.<br />
Macbr.; Tal<strong>in</strong>um ciliatum Ruiz & Pavón<br />
Claytonia carol<strong>in</strong>iana Michx. Claytonia carol<strong>in</strong>iana var. lewisii McNeill;<br />
Claytonia carol<strong>in</strong>iana var. spathulifolia<br />
(Salisb.) W.H. Lewis; Claytonia spathulifolia<br />
Salisb<br />
Claytonia sibirica L. Claytonia sibirica var. bulbifera Gray; Montia<br />
sibirica (L.) T.J. Howell; Montia sibirica (L.)<br />
T.J. Howell var. bulbifera (Gray) B.L. Rob<strong>in</strong>s.<br />
swamp dock<br />
violet dock<br />
purslane family<br />
fr<strong>in</strong>ged redmaids<br />
Carol<strong>in</strong>a spr<strong>in</strong>g-beauty<br />
Siberian spr<strong>in</strong>g-beauty<br />
Claytonia virg<strong>in</strong>ica L. Claytonia virg<strong>in</strong>ica var. hammondiae<br />
Virg<strong>in</strong>ia spr<strong>in</strong>g-beauty<br />
(Kalmbacher) Doyle, Lewis, & Snyder;<br />
Claytonia robusta (Somes) Rydb.<br />
Montia fontana L. Claytonia fontana (L.) R.J. Davis; Montia water montia<br />
fontana var. lamprosperma (Cham.) Fenzl;<br />
Montia lamprosperma Cham.<br />
Montia l<strong>in</strong>earis (Dougl. ex Hook.) Claytonia l<strong>in</strong>earis Dougl. ex Hook.;<br />
narrow-leaved montia<br />
Greene<br />
Montiastrum l<strong>in</strong>eare (Dougl. ex Hook.) Rydb.<br />
Portulaca grandiflora Hook. cultivated purslane<br />
Portulaca oleracea L. Portulaca neglecta Mackenzie & Bush; common purslane<br />
Portulaca retusa Engelm.<br />
Primulaceae<br />
primrose family<br />
Androsace occidentalis Pursh Androsace arizonica (Gray) Derganc;<br />
western androsace<br />
Androsace occidentalis var. arizonica (Gray)<br />
St. John<br />
Hottonia <strong>in</strong>flata Ell.<br />
American fea<strong>the</strong>rfoil<br />
Primula japonica Gray<br />
Japanese primrose<br />
Primula laurentiana Fern. Primula far<strong>in</strong>osa L. var. macropoda Fern.; bird's-eye primrose<br />
Primula mistass<strong>in</strong>ica var. macropoda (Fern.)<br />
Boiv<strong>in</strong><br />
Primula mistass<strong>in</strong>ica Michx. Primula <strong>in</strong>tercedens Fern.; Primula<br />
Lake Mistass<strong>in</strong>i primrose<br />
mistass<strong>in</strong>ica var. <strong>in</strong>tercedens (Fern.) Boiv<strong>in</strong>;<br />
Primula mistass<strong>in</strong>ica var. noveboracensis<br />
Fern
Primula veris L.<br />
Ranunculaceae<br />
cowslip primrose<br />
buttercup family<br />
Aconitum napellus L.<br />
garden monkshood<br />
Aconitum unc<strong>in</strong>atum L.<br />
wild monkshood<br />
Actaea ×ludovici Boiv<strong>in</strong><br />
Actaea pachypoda × A. rubra<br />
Actaea pachypoda Ell. Actaea alba , of authors not (L.) P. Mill. white baneberry<br />
Actaea racemosa L. Cimicifuga racemosa (L.) Nutt.; Cimicifuga black bugbane<br />
serpentaria Pursh; Macrotrys racemosa (L.)<br />
Sweet; Thalictrodes racemosum (L.) Kuntze<br />
Actaea rubra (Ait.) Willd.<br />
Actaea arguta Nutt.; Actaea spicata L. var. red baneberry<br />
arguta (Nutt.) Torr.; Actaea spicata L. ssp.<br />
rubra (Ait.) Hultén<br />
Anemone acutiloba (DC.) G. Lawson Hepatica acutiloba DC.; Hepatica nobilis sharp-lobed hepatica<br />
Schreber var. acuta (Pursh) Steyermark<br />
Anemone americana (DC.) H. Hara Hepatica americana DC.; Hepatica nobilis blunt-lobed hepatica<br />
Schreber var. obtusa (Pursh) Steyermark<br />
Anemone blanda Schott & Kotschy<br />
Greek w<strong>in</strong>dflower<br />
Anemone canadensis L. Anemonidium canadense (L.) A. & D. Löve Canada w<strong>in</strong>dflower<br />
Anemone cyl<strong>in</strong>drica Gray<br />
long-headed w<strong>in</strong>dflower<br />
Anemone multifida Poir. var. Anemone globosa (Torr. & Gray) Nutt. ex Pritz.; cut-leaved w<strong>in</strong>dflower<br />
multifida<br />
Anemone hudsoniana (DC.) Richards.;<br />
Anemone multifida var. hudsoniana DC.;<br />
Anemone multifida var globosa Torr & Gray<br />
Anemone nemorosa L. Anemonidium nemorosum (L.) Holub European w<strong>in</strong>dflower<br />
Anemone qu<strong>in</strong>quefolia L. var. Anemone nemorosa L. var. bifolia (Farw.) wood w<strong>in</strong>dflower<br />
qu<strong>in</strong>quefolia<br />
Boiv<strong>in</strong>; Anemone qu<strong>in</strong>quefolia var. bifolia<br />
Farw.; Anemone qu<strong>in</strong>quefolia var. <strong>in</strong>terior<br />
Anemone virg<strong>in</strong>iana L. var. alba<br />
(Oakes) Wood<br />
Fern<br />
Anemone cyl<strong>in</strong>drica var. alba Oakes; Anemone<br />
riparia Fern.; Anemone virg<strong>in</strong>iana var. riparia<br />
(Fern.) Boiv<strong>in</strong><br />
Anemone virg<strong>in</strong>iana L. var.<br />
virg<strong>in</strong>iana<br />
Aquilegia canadensis L. Aquilegia australis Small; Aquilegia<br />
canadensis var. australis (Small) Munz;<br />
Aquilegia canadensis var. cocc<strong>in</strong>ea (Small)<br />
Munz; Aquilegia canadensis var. em<strong>in</strong>ens<br />
(Greene) Boiv<strong>in</strong>; Aquilegia canadensis var.<br />
latiuscula (Greene) Munz; Aquilegia cocc<strong>in</strong>ea<br />
Aquilegia vulgaris L.<br />
Small<br />
Caltha palustris L. Caltha asarifolia DC.; Caltha palustris ssp.<br />
asarifolia (DC.) Hultén; Caltha palustris var.<br />
asarifolia (DC.) Rothrock; Caltha palustris<br />
var flabellifolia (Pursh) Torr & Gray<br />
Clematis florida Thunb. Atragene florida Pers.; Clematis japonica<br />
Thunb. var. simsii Mak<strong>in</strong>o<br />
tall w<strong>in</strong>dflower<br />
tall w<strong>in</strong>dflower<br />
red columb<strong>in</strong>e<br />
European columb<strong>in</strong>e<br />
marsh-marigold<br />
Asian virg<strong>in</strong>'s-bower
Clematis occidentalis (Hornem.) DC.<br />
ssp. occidentalis<br />
Atragene americana Sims; Atragene<br />
occidentalis Hornem.; Clematis verticillaris<br />
DC.; Clematis verticillaris DC. var.<br />
grandiflora Boiv<strong>in</strong><br />
Clematis recta L.<br />
Clematis terniflora DC. Clematis dioscoreifolia Levl. & Vaniot;<br />
Clematis dioscoreifolia Levl. & Vaniot var.<br />
robusta (Carr.) Rehd.; Clematis paniculata<br />
Thunb<br />
Clematis virg<strong>in</strong>iana L. Clematis canadensis P. Mill.; Clematis<br />
missouriensis Rydb.; Clematis virg<strong>in</strong>iana var.<br />
purple virg<strong>in</strong>'s-bower<br />
ground virg<strong>in</strong>'s-bower<br />
yam-leaved virg<strong>in</strong>'s-bower<br />
Virg<strong>in</strong>ia virg<strong>in</strong>'s-bower<br />
missouriensis (Rydb.) Palmer & Steyermark<br />
Clematis vitalba L.<br />
white virg<strong>in</strong>'s-bower<br />
Consolida ajacis (L.) Schur Consolida ambigua (L.) P.W. Ball & Heywood; doubtful knight's-spur<br />
Delph<strong>in</strong>ium ajacis L.; Delph<strong>in</strong>ium ambiguum<br />
L.<br />
Consolida orientalis (J. Gay) Delph<strong>in</strong>ium orientale J. Gay Oriental knight's-spur<br />
Schroed<strong>in</strong>ger<br />
Consolida regalis S.F. Gray Delph<strong>in</strong>ium consolida L. royal knight's-spur<br />
Coptidium lapponicum (L.) Gandog. Ranunculus lapponicus L. Lapland-crowfoot<br />
Coptis trifolia (L.) Salisb. Anemone groenlandica Oeder; Coptis<br />
three-leaved goldthread<br />
groenlandica (Oeder) Fern.; Coptis trifolia ssp.<br />
groenlandica (Oeder) Hultén; Coptis trifolia<br />
var. groenlandica (Oeder) Fassett; Helleborus<br />
trifolius L<br />
Delph<strong>in</strong>ium exaltatum Ait.<br />
Ficaria verna Huds. ssp. bulbifera A. Ranunculus ficaria L. ssp. bulbilifer<br />
& D. Löve<br />
Lamb<strong>in</strong>on; Ranunculus ficaria L. ssp.<br />
bulbifera (Marsden-Jones) Lawalree, an<br />
illegitimate name; Ranunculus ficaria var.<br />
tall larkspur<br />
fig-crowfoot<br />
bulbifera Marsden-Jones<br />
Ficaria verna Huds. ssp. verna Ficaria ficaria (L.) Karst.; Ranunculus ficaria fig-crowfoot<br />
L.<br />
Hydrastis canadensis L. goldenseal<br />
Myosurus m<strong>in</strong>imus L.<br />
t<strong>in</strong>y mousetail<br />
Nigella damascena L.<br />
devil-<strong>in</strong>-<strong>the</strong>-bush<br />
Nigella sativa L.<br />
black-cum<strong>in</strong><br />
Ranunculus abortivus L. Ranunculus abortivus ssp. acrolasius (Fern.) kidney-leaved crowfoot<br />
Kapoor & A. & D. Löve; Ranunculus abortivus<br />
var. acrolasius Fern.; Ranunculus abortivus<br />
var. eucyclus Fern.; Ranunculus abortivus var.<br />
<strong>in</strong>divisus Fern<br />
Ranunculus acris L. Ranunculus acris var. latisectus G. Beck tall crowfoot<br />
Ranunculus allegheniensis Britt.<br />
Allegheny crowfoot<br />
Ranunculus ambigens S. Wats. Ranunculus obtusiusculus Raf. water-planta<strong>in</strong> crowfoot
Ranunculus aquatilis L. var. diffusus Batrachium aquatile (L.) Dumort.; Batrachium white water crowfoot<br />
Wi<strong>the</strong>r<strong>in</strong>g<br />
longirostre (Godr.) F.W. Schultz; Batrachium<br />
trichophyllum (Chaix) F.W. Schultz;<br />
Ranunculus amphibius James; Ranunculus<br />
aquatilis var. capillaceus (Thuill.) DC.;<br />
Ranunculus aquatilis var. longirostris (Godr.)<br />
Lawson; Ranunculus aquatilis var. subrigidus<br />
(W. Drew) Breitung; Ranunculus longirostris<br />
Godr.; Ranunculus subrigidus W. Drew;<br />
Ranunculus trichophyllus Chaix; Ranunculus<br />
trichophyllus Chaix var. confervoides (Fries)<br />
Rikli; Ranunculus trichophyllus Chaix ssp.<br />
eradicatus (Laestad.) C.D.K. Cook;<br />
Ranunculus trichophyllus Chaix var.<br />
eradicatus (Laestad.) W. Drew; Ranunculus<br />
trichophyllus Chaix ssp. lutulentus (Perrier &<br />
Song ) Vierh<br />
Ranunculus bulbosus L. Ranunculus bulbosus var. dissectus Barbey bulbous crowfoot<br />
Ranunculus caricetorum Greene Ranunculus hispidus var. caricetorum (Greene) swamp crowfoot<br />
T. Duncan; Ranunculus <strong>in</strong>termedius Eat.;<br />
Ranunculus septentrionalis Poir. <strong>in</strong> Lam. var.<br />
caricetorum (Greene) Fern<br />
Ranunculus cymbalaria Pursh Cyrtorhyncha cymbalaria (Pursh) Britt.; seaside crowfoot<br />
Halerpestes cymbalaria (Pursh) Greene;<br />
Halerpestes cymbalaria ssp. saximontana<br />
(Fern.) Moldenke; Ranunculus cymbalaria var.<br />
alp<strong>in</strong>us Hook.; Ranunculus cymbalaria ssp.<br />
saximontanus (Fern.) Thorne; Ranunculus<br />
Ranunculus fascicularis Muhl. ex<br />
bl i var i<br />
Ranunculus fascicularis<br />
t Fern<br />
var. apricus (Greene) early crowfoot<br />
Bigelow<br />
Fern.<br />
Ranunculus flabellaris Raf. Ranunculus delph<strong>in</strong>iifolius Torr. ex Eat. greater yellow water crowfoot<br />
Ranunculus flammula L. var. ovalis Ranunculus filiformis Michx. var. ovalis creep<strong>in</strong>g crowfoot<br />
(Bigelow) L. Benson<br />
Bigelow; Ranunculus flammula var.<br />
samolifolius (Greene) L. Benson; Ranunculus<br />
reptans L var ovalis (Bigelow) Torr & Gray<br />
Ranunculus flammula L. var. reptans Ranunculus filiformis Michx.; Ranunculus creep<strong>in</strong>g crowfoot<br />
(L.) E. Meyer<br />
reptans L.; Ranunculus reptans L. var.<br />
filiformis (Michx.) DC.<br />
Ranunculus gmel<strong>in</strong>ii DC. Ranunculus gmel<strong>in</strong>ii var. hookeri (D. Don) L. lesser yellow water crowfoot<br />
Benson; Ranunculus gmel<strong>in</strong>ii var. prolificus<br />
(Fern.) Hara; Ranunculus gmel<strong>in</strong>ii ssp. purshii<br />
(Richards.) Hultén; Ranunculus gmel<strong>in</strong>ii var.<br />
purshii (Richards.) Hara; Ranunculus gmel<strong>in</strong>ii<br />
var. terrestris (Ledeb.) L. Benson; Ranunculus<br />
Ranunculus hispidus Michx.<br />
hii Richards<br />
Ranunculus hispidus var. eurylobus L. Benson; hispid crowfoot<br />
Ranunculus hispidus var. falsus Fern.
Ranunculus micranthus Nutt. Ranunculus micranthus var. cymbalistes<br />
(Greene) Fern.; Ranunculus micranthus var.<br />
delitescens (Greene) Fern.<br />
Ranunculus pensylvanicus L. f.<br />
Ranunculus recurvatus Poir. var. Ranunculus recurvatus var. adpressipilis<br />
recurvatus<br />
Wea<strong>the</strong>rby; Ranunculus recurvatus var. typicus<br />
L. Benson<br />
Ranunculus repens L. Ranunculus repens var. degeneratus Schur;<br />
Ranunculus repens var. erectus DC.;<br />
Ranunculus repens var. glabratus DC.;<br />
Ranunculus repens var. pleniflorus Fern.;<br />
Ranunculus repens var villosus Lamotte<br />
Ranunculus rhomboideus Goldie<br />
Ranunculus sardous Crantz Ranunculus parvulus L.; Ranunculus<br />
pseudobulbosus Schur<br />
Ranunculus sceleratus L. var. Hecatonia scelerata (L.) Fourr.; Ranunculus<br />
sceleratus<br />
sceleratus var. typicus L. Benson<br />
Thalictrum dasycarpum Fisch. & Avé- Thalictrum dasycarpum var. hypoglaucum<br />
Lall.<br />
(Rydb.) Boiv<strong>in</strong>; Thalictrum hypoglaucum<br />
Rydb.<br />
Thalictrum dioicum L.<br />
Thalictrum pubescens Pursh Thalictrum polygamum Muhl. ex Spreng.;<br />
Thalictrum polygamum Muhl. ex Spreng. var.<br />
hebecarpum Fern.; Thalictrum polygamum<br />
Muhl. ex Spreng. var. <strong>in</strong>termedium Boiv<strong>in</strong>;<br />
Thalictrum pubescens var. hebecarpum (Fern.)<br />
Boiv<strong>in</strong><br />
Thalictrum revolutum DC. Thalictrum revolutum var. glandulosior<br />
Boiv<strong>in</strong><br />
Thalictrum thalictroides (L.) Eames Anemonella thalictroides (L.) Spach;<br />
& Boiv<strong>in</strong><br />
Syndesmon thalictroides (L.) Hoffmgg. ex Britt.<br />
small-flowered crowfoot<br />
bristly crowfoot<br />
hooked crowfoot<br />
spot-leaved crowfoot<br />
prairie crowfoot<br />
hairy crowfoot<br />
cursed crowfoot<br />
purple meadow-rue<br />
early meadow-rue<br />
tall meadow-rue<br />
waxy-leaved meadow-rue<br />
anemone meadow-rue<br />
Thalictrum venulosum Trel. var. Thalictrum conf<strong>in</strong>e Fern.; Thalictrum turneri ve<strong>in</strong>y-leaved meadow-rue<br />
conf<strong>in</strong>e (Fern.) Boiv<strong>in</strong><br />
Boiv<strong>in</strong><br />
Trollius laxus Salisb.<br />
American globe-flower<br />
Xanthorhiza simplicissima Marsh. Xanthorhiza apiifolia L’Hér. shrub yellowroot<br />
Resedaceae<br />
mignonette family<br />
Reseda alba L.<br />
Reseda lutea L.<br />
Reseda luteola L.<br />
Reseda odorata L.<br />
Rhamnaceae<br />
Ceanothus americanus L. Ceanothus americanus var. <strong>in</strong>termedius<br />
(Pursh) Torr. & Gray; Ceanothus americanus<br />
var. pitcheri Torr. & Gray; Ceanothus<br />
<strong>in</strong>termedius<br />
Pursh<br />
white upright mignonette<br />
yellow upright mignonette<br />
dyer's mignonette<br />
garden mignonette<br />
buckthorn family<br />
New Jersey redroot
Ceanothus herbaceus L. Ceanothus herbaceus var. pubescens (Torr. &<br />
Gray ex S. Wats.) Sh<strong>in</strong>ners; Ceanothus ovatus ,<br />
of authors not Desf.; Ceanothus ovatus Desf.<br />
var. pubescens Torr. & Gray ex S. Wats.;<br />
Ceanothus pubescens (Torr. & Gray ex S. Wats.)<br />
prairie redroot<br />
Rydb ex Small<br />
Frangula alnus P. Mill. Rhamnus frangula L. glossy false buckthorn<br />
Rhamnus alnifolia L’Hér.<br />
alder-leaved buckthorn<br />
Rhamnus cathartica L.<br />
European buckthorn<br />
Rhamnus davurica Pallas ssp. Rhamnus citrifolia (Weston) Hess & Stern Dahurian buckthorn<br />
davurica<br />
Rhamnus utilis Dcne.<br />
Ch<strong>in</strong>ese buckthorn<br />
Rosaceae<br />
rose family<br />
Agrimonia eupatoria L.<br />
medic<strong>in</strong>al agrimony<br />
Agrimonia gryposepala Wallr. common agrimony<br />
Agrimonia microcarpa Wallr. Agrimonia platycarpa Wallr.; Agrimonia low agrimony<br />
pubescens var. microcarpa (Wallr.) Ahles;<br />
Agrimonia pumila Muhl. ex Bickn.<br />
Agrimonia parviflora Ait.<br />
sou<strong>the</strong>rn agrimony<br />
Agrimonia pubescens Wallr. Agrimonia bicknellii (Kearney) Rydb.; downy agrimony<br />
Agrimonia mollis (Torr. & Gray) Britt.<br />
Agrimonia rostellata Wallr. woodland agrimony<br />
Agrimonia striata Michx.<br />
roadside agrimony<br />
Alchemilla monticola Opiz Alchemilla pratensis , of authors not F.W. hairy lady's-mantle<br />
Schmidt; Alchemilla vulgaris , of authors not L.;<br />
Alchemilla xanthochlora , of authors not Rothm.<br />
Amelanchier arborea (Michx. f.) Fern. Mespilus arborea Michx. f.; Pyrus<br />
wangenheimiana Tausch<br />
Amelanchier arborea × A.<br />
bartramiana<br />
Amelanchier arborea × A. laevis<br />
Amelanchier bartramiana (Tausch) Amelanchier canadensis var. pauciflora Farw.;<br />
M. Roemer<br />
Amelanchier oligocarpa (Torr. & Gray) M.<br />
Roemer; Amelanchier canadensis var.<br />
oligocarpa Torr. & Gray; Pyrus bartramiana<br />
downy shadbush<br />
mounta<strong>in</strong> shadbush<br />
Tausch<br />
Amelanchier canadensis (L.) Medik. Amelanchier canadensis var. oblongifolia Torr. eastern shadbush<br />
& Gray; Amelanchier lucida Fern.;<br />
Amelanchier oblongifolia (Torr. & Gray) M.<br />
Roemer; Crataegus racemosa Lam.; Mespilus<br />
canadensis L<br />
Amelanchier gaspensis (Wieg.) Fern. Amelanchier sangu<strong>in</strong>ea var. gaspensis Wieg. Gaspé shadbush<br />
& Wea<strong>the</strong>rby<br />
Amelanchier humilis Wieg. Amelanchier humilis var. compacta Nielsen; low shadbush<br />
Amelanchier humilis var. exserrata Nielson<br />
Amelanchier <strong>in</strong>termedia Spach<br />
<strong>in</strong>termediate shadbush
Amelanchier laevis Wieg. Amelanchier canadensis var. botryapium Gray;<br />
Amelanchier arborea var. laevis (Wieg.) Ahles<br />
smooth shadbush<br />
Amelanchier nantucketensis Bickn. Amelanchier micropetala (B.L. Rob<strong>in</strong>s.) Ashe; Nantucket shadbush<br />
Amelanchier oblongifolia (Torr. & Gray) M.<br />
Roam. var. micropetala B.L. Rob<strong>in</strong>s.;<br />
Amelanchier stolonifera Wieg. forma<br />
Amelanchier ×neglecta Egglest. ex<br />
micropetala (B L Rob<strong>in</strong>s ) Rehd<br />
Amelanchier bartramiana × A. laevis<br />
G.N. Jones<br />
Amelanchier sangu<strong>in</strong>ea (Pursh) DC. Amelanchier canadensis var. rotundifolia round-leaved shadbush<br />
(Michx.) Torr. & Gray; Mespilus canadensis L.<br />
var. rotundifolia Michx.; Pyrus sangu<strong>in</strong>ea<br />
Pursh<br />
Amelanchier spicata (Lam.) K. Koch Amelanchier stolonifera Wieg.; Crataegus dwarf shadbush<br />
spicata Lam.<br />
Amelanchier ×wiegandii Nielson Amelanchier laevis × A. sangu<strong>in</strong>ea<br />
Argent<strong>in</strong>a anser<strong>in</strong>a (L.) Rydb. Argent<strong>in</strong>a anser<strong>in</strong>a var. concolor (Ser.) Rydb.; common silverweed<br />
Potentilla anser<strong>in</strong>a L.; Potentilla anser<strong>in</strong>a L.<br />
var. concolor Ser.; Potentilla anser<strong>in</strong>a L. var.<br />
sericea Hayne<br />
Argent<strong>in</strong>a egedii (Wormsk.) Rydb. Potentilla anser<strong>in</strong>a L. var. groenlandica Tratt.; Pacific silverweed<br />
ssp. groenlandica (Tratt.) A. Löve Potentilla egedii Wormsk. var. groenlandica<br />
(Tratt.) Polun<strong>in</strong><br />
Aronia arbutifolia (L.) Pers. Aronia arbutifolia var. glabra Ell.; Aronia red chokeberry<br />
pyrifolia Lam.; Mespilus arbutifolia L.;<br />
Phot<strong>in</strong>ia pyrifolia (Lam.) Robertson & Phipps;<br />
Pyrus arbutifolia (L.) L. f.; Pryrus arbutifolia<br />
(L.) L. f. var. glabra Cronq.; Sorbus arbutifolia<br />
(L ) Heynh<br />
Aronia floribunda (L<strong>in</strong>dl.) Spach Aronia arbutifolia (L.) Ell. var. atropurpurea purple chokeberry<br />
(Britt.) Seymour; Aronia atropurpurea Britt.;<br />
Aronia prunifolia (Marsh.) Rehd.; Phot<strong>in</strong>ia<br />
floribunda (L<strong>in</strong>dl.) Robertson & Phipps; Pyrus<br />
floribunda L<strong>in</strong>dl.; Sorbus arbutifolia (L.)<br />
Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) Ell.<br />
Heynh var atropurpurea (Britt ) Schneid<br />
Aronia arbutifolia (L.) Pers. var. nigra (Willd.)<br />
Seymour; Aronia nigra (Willd.) Koehne;<br />
black chokeberry<br />
Mespilus arbutifolia L. var. melanocarpa<br />
Michx.; Phot<strong>in</strong>ia melanocarpa (Michx.)<br />
Robertson & Phipps; Pyrus arbutifolia (L.) L. f.<br />
var. nigra Willd.; Pyrus melanocarpa (Michx.)<br />
Willd.; Sorbus melanocarpa (Michx.) Heynh.<br />
Aruncus dioicus (Walt.) Fern. var.<br />
dioicus<br />
Chaenomeles japonica (Thunb.)<br />
L<strong>in</strong>dl. ex Spach<br />
Aruncus allegheniensis Rydb. goat's beard<br />
Cydonia japonica (Thunb.) Pers.; Pyrus Japanese flower<strong>in</strong>g-qu<strong>in</strong>ce<br />
japonica Thunb.
Chaenomeles speciosa (Sweet) Nakai Chaenomeles lagenaria (Loisel.) Koidzumi;<br />
Cydonia japonica (Thunb.) Pers. var. lagenaria<br />
(Loisel.) Mak<strong>in</strong>o; Cydonia lagenaria Loisel.;<br />
Cydonia speciosa Sweet<br />
Comarum palustre L. Potentilla palustris (L.) Scop.; Potentilla<br />
palustris (L.) Scop. var. parvifolia (Raf.) Fern.<br />
& Long; Potentilla palustris (L.) Scop. var.<br />
villosa (Pers ) Lehm<br />
Cotoneaster divaricatus Rehd. &<br />
Wilson <strong>in</strong> Sarg.<br />
Crataegus asperifolia Sarg. Crataegus bra<strong>in</strong>erdii var. asperifolia (Sarg.)<br />
Egglest. ; Crataegus scabrida Sarg. var.<br />
asperifolia (Sarg.) Kruschke<br />
Crataegus bicknellii Egglest. Crataegus chrysocarpa var. bicknellii<br />
(Egglest.) Palmer; Crataegus rotundifolia<br />
Moench var. bicknellii Egglest.<br />
Crataegus biltmoreana Beadle Crataegus modesta Sarg.; Crataegus peckii<br />
Sarg.<br />
Crataegus boyntonii Beadle Crataegus baxteri Sarg.; Crataegus bissellii<br />
Sarg.; Crataegus foetida Ashe; Crataegus<br />
hargeri Sarg.<br />
Crataegus bra<strong>in</strong>erdii Sarg. Crataegus seelyana Sarg.; Crataegus<br />
Crataegus chrysocarpa Ashe var.<br />
chrysocarpa<br />
Crataegus chrysocarpa Ashe var.<br />
praecox (Sarg.) J.B. Phipps<br />
shirleyensis Sarg.<br />
Crataegus faxonii Sarg. var. praecoqua (Sarg.)<br />
Kruschke; Crataegus praecoqua Sarg.;<br />
Crataegus praecox Sarg.<br />
Crataegus cocc<strong>in</strong>ea L. Crataegus lobulata Sarg.; Crataegus<br />
pedicellata Sarg.; Crataegus pr<strong>in</strong>glei Sarg. var.<br />
lobulata (Sarg.) Egglest.; Crataegus polita<br />
common flower<strong>in</strong>g-qu<strong>in</strong>ce<br />
marsh-c<strong>in</strong>quefoil<br />
spread<strong>in</strong>g cotoneaster<br />
rough-leaved hawthorn<br />
Bicknell's hawthorn<br />
Biltmore hawthorn<br />
st<strong>in</strong>k<strong>in</strong>g hawthorn<br />
Bra<strong>in</strong>erd's hawthorn<br />
fireberry hawthorn<br />
fireberry hawthorn<br />
scarlet hawthorn<br />
Sarg ; Crataegus robesoniana Sarg<br />
Crataegus cocc<strong>in</strong>ioides Ashe Crataegus cocc<strong>in</strong>ioides var. dilatata (Sarg.) Kansas hawthorn<br />
Egglest.; C. dilatata Sarg.<br />
Crataegus crus-galli L. Crataegus exigua Sarg. cockspur hawthorn<br />
Crataegus cyclophylla Sarg. Crataegus bra<strong>in</strong>erdii var. cyclophylla (Sarg.) round-leaved hawthorn<br />
Palmer; Crataegus cyclophylla Sarg.;<br />
Crataegus scabrida Sarg. var. cyclophylla<br />
(Sarg ) Kruschke<br />
Crataegus dissona Sarg. Crataegus pru<strong>in</strong>osa var. dissona (Sarg.)<br />
Egglest.<br />
Crataegus dodgei Ashe<br />
Crataegus dodgei var. rotundata (Sarg.)<br />
Kruschke; Crataegus gravesii Sarg.; Crataegus<br />
rotundata Sarg.<br />
Crataegus egglestonii Sarg. Crataegus bra<strong>in</strong>erdii var. egglestonii (Sarg.)<br />
Kruschke; Crataegus scabrida Sarg. var.<br />
egglestonii (Sarg.) Kruschke<br />
nor<strong>the</strong>rn hawthorn<br />
Dodge's hawthorn<br />
Eggleston's hawthorn
Crataegus faxonii Sarg. Crataegus faxonii var. praetermissa (Sarg.)<br />
Palmer; Crataegus praetermissa Sarg.;<br />
Crataegus rotundifolia Moench var. faxonii<br />
(Sarg ) Egglest<br />
Crataegus flabellata (Bosc ex Spach) Crataegus crudelis Sarg.; Crataegus<br />
K. Koch var. flabellata<br />
lem<strong>in</strong>gtonensis Sarg.; Crataegus propria Sarg.<br />
Faxon's hawthorn<br />
Gray's hawthorn<br />
Crataegus flabellata (Bosc ex Spach) Crataegus grayana Egglest. Gray's hawthorn<br />
K. Koch var. grayana (Egglest.)<br />
Palmer<br />
Crataegus flavida Sarg. Crataegus chrysocarpa var. phoenicea Palmer, yellow hawthorn<br />
<strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> sense of New England authors;<br />
Crataegus dodgei var. flavida (Sarg.) P.G. Sm.<br />
& J B Phipps; Crataegus grossa Sarg<br />
Crataegus fluviatilis Sarg. Crataegus apiomorpha Sarg. river hawthorn<br />
Crataegus forbesae Sarg.<br />
Forbes' hawthorn<br />
Crataegus fretalis Sarg. Crataegus ampla Sarg. Long Island Sound hawthorn<br />
Crataegus handyae Sarg. Crataegus chadsfordiana Sarg.; Crataegus Handy's hawthorn<br />
spatiosa Sarg.<br />
Crataegus holmesiana Ashe Crataegus anomala Sarg.; Crataegus eamesii Holmes' hawthorn<br />
Sarg.; Crataegus holmesiana var. villipes<br />
Ashe; Crataegus tardipes Sarg.; Crataegus<br />
villipes (Ashe) Ashe<br />
Crataegus ideae Sarg.<br />
Ide's hawthorn<br />
Crataegus <strong>in</strong>tricata Lange var.<br />
entangled hawthorn<br />
<strong>in</strong>tricata<br />
Crataegus <strong>in</strong>tricata Lange var. Crataegus bealii Sarg.; Crataegus stram<strong>in</strong>ea entangled hawthorn<br />
stram<strong>in</strong>ea (Beadle) Palmer<br />
Beadle<br />
Crataegus irrasa Sarg. var.<br />
Crataegus blanchardii Sarg. zigzag hawthorn<br />
blanchardii (Sarg.) Egglest.<br />
Crataegus jesupii Sarg. Crataegus <strong>in</strong>cisa Sarg. Jesup's hawthorn<br />
Crataegus jonesiae Sarg.<br />
Miss Jones' hawthorn<br />
Crataegus keepii Sarg. Crataegus brunetiana Sarg., <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> sense of Keep's hawthorn<br />
New England authors; Crataegus searsii Sarg.<br />
Crataegus kennedyi Sarg.<br />
Kennedy's hawthorn<br />
Crataegus laurentiana Sarg. Crataegus brunetiana Sarg.; Crataegus Brunet's hawthorn<br />
fernaldii Sarg.; Crataegus laurentiana var.<br />
brunetiana (Sarg.) Kruschke; Crataegus<br />
laurentiana var fernaldii (Sarg ) Kruschke<br />
Crataegus levis Sarg.<br />
smooth hawthorn<br />
Crataegus lucorum Sarg. Crataegus <strong>in</strong>solens Sarg. grove hawthorn<br />
Crataegus lumaria Ashe Crataegus caesariata Sarg.; Crataegus thorny hawthorn<br />
chrysocarpa var. caesariata (Sarg.) Palmer;<br />
Crataegus macracantha Lodd. ex<br />
Loud var. macracantha<br />
Crataegus dodgei var. lumaria (Ashe) Sarg.<br />
Crataegus ferentaria Sarg.; Crataegus<br />
pellucidula Sarg.; Crataegus succulenta var.<br />
macracantha (Lodd. ex Loud) Egglest.;<br />
Crataegus stratfordensis<br />
Sarg<br />
long-thorned hawthorn
Crataegus macracantha Lodd. ex Crataegus dumicola Sarg.; Crataegus fertilis long-thorned hawthorn<br />
Loud var. occidentalis (Britt.) Sarg.; Crataegus fulgens Sarg.; Crataegus<br />
Egglest.<br />
rhombifolia Sarg.; Crataegus succulenta var.<br />
occidentalis Britt.; Crataegus succulenta var.<br />
rhombifolia (Sarg ) Egglest<br />
Crataegus macrosperma Ashe Crataegus ascendens Sarg.; Crataegus culta large-seeded hawthorn<br />
Sarg.; Crataegus florea Sarg.; Crataegus<br />
macrosperma var. acutiloba (Sarg.) Egglest.;<br />
Crataegus macrosperma var. matura (Sarg.)<br />
Egglest.; Crataegus macrosperma var.<br />
pentandra (Sarg.) Egglest.; Crataegus<br />
macrosperma var. roanensis (Ashe) Palmer;<br />
Crataegus matura Sarg.; Crataegus monstrata<br />
Sarg.; Crataegus napaea Sarg.; Crataegus<br />
paddockeae Sarg.; Crataegus pentandra Sarg.;<br />
Crataegus randiana Sarg.; Crataegus<br />
roanensis Ashe; Crataegus serena Sarg.;<br />
Crataegus monogyna Jacq.<br />
one-seeded hawthorn<br />
Crataegus oakesiana Egglest. Oakes' hawthorn<br />
Crataegus phaenopyrum (L. f.) Crataegus cordata Ait.; Crataegus populifolia Wash<strong>in</strong>gton hawthorn<br />
Medik.<br />
Walt.<br />
Crataegus pisifera Sarg. Crataegus succulenta var. pisifera (Sarg.) pea hawthorn<br />
Kruschke<br />
Crataegus populnea Ashe Crataegus beckwithae Sarg.; Crataegus poplar hawthorn<br />
blandita Sarg.; Crataegus compta Sarg.;<br />
Crataegus damei Sarg.; Crataegus demissa<br />
Sarg.; Crataegus dissimilis Sarg.; Crataegus<br />
fuscosa Sarg.; Crataegus genialis Sarg.;<br />
Crataegus glaucophylla Sarg.; Crataegus<br />
gravis Ashe; Crataegus iracunda Beadle var.<br />
populnea (Ashe) Kruschke; Crataegus<br />
iracunda Beadle var. stolonifera (Ashe)<br />
Kruschke; Crataegus macrosperma var.<br />
demissa (Sarg.) Egglest.; Crataegus media<br />
Sarg., not Bechst.; Crataegus robb<strong>in</strong>siana<br />
Crataegus pr<strong>in</strong>glei Sarg.<br />
Crataegus exclusa Sarg.; Crataegus pr<strong>in</strong>glei Pr<strong>in</strong>gle's hawthorn<br />
var. exclusa (Sarg.) Egglest.<br />
Crataegus pru<strong>in</strong>osa (Wendl. f.) K. Crataegus caerulescens Sarg.; Crataegus frosted hawthorn<br />
Koch var. porteri (Britt.) Egglst. cognata Sarg.; Crataegus conjuncta Sarg.;<br />
Crataegus leiophylla Sarg.; Crataegus porteri<br />
Britt.; Crataegus porteri Britt. var.<br />
caerulescens (Sarg ) Palmer
Crataegus pru<strong>in</strong>osa (Wendl. f.) K.<br />
Koch var. pru<strong>in</strong>osa<br />
Crataegus festiva Sarg.; Crataegus littoralis<br />
Sarg.; Crataegus parvula Sarg.; Crataegus<br />
pequatorum Sarg.; Crataegus philadelphica<br />
Sarg.; Crataegus pru<strong>in</strong>osa var. latisepala<br />
(Ashe) Egglest.; Crataegus pru<strong>in</strong>osa var.<br />
leiophylla (Sarg.) J.B. Phipps; Crataegus<br />
pru<strong>in</strong>osa var. parvula (Sarg.) J.B. Phipps;<br />
Crataegus pru<strong>in</strong>osa var. philadelphica (Ashe)<br />
Crataegus punctata Jacq. var.<br />
l l dl f<br />
punctata<br />
Crataegus scabrida Sarg. Crataegus aff<strong>in</strong>is Sarg.; Crataegus bra<strong>in</strong>erdii<br />
var. scabrida (Sarg.) Egglest.; Crataegus<br />
frosted hawthorn<br />
dotted hawthorn<br />
scabrous hawthorn<br />
glabrata Sarg.; Crataegus picta Sarg.<br />
Crataegus schizophylla Egglest. cleft-leaved hawthorn<br />
Crataegus schuettei Ashe var. Crataegus alnorum Sarg.; Crataegus basilica royal hawthorn<br />
basilica (Beadle) J.B. Phipps Beadle; Crataegus contigua Sarg.; Crataegus<br />
declivus Ashe, unpublished name; Crataegus<br />
edsonii Sarg<br />
Crataegus stonei Sarg.<br />
Crataegus submollis Sarg. Crataegus arnoldiana Sarg.; Crataegus<br />
champla<strong>in</strong>ensis Sarg.; Crataegus<br />
Crataegus succulenta Schrad. ex<br />
L<strong>in</strong>k var. succulenta<br />
pennsylvanica Ashe<br />
Crataegus ambrosia Sarg.; Crataegus ardula<br />
Sarg.; Crataegus ferta Sarg.; Crataegus<br />
florifera Sarg.; Crataegus helenae Sarg.;<br />
Crataegus membranacea Sarg.; Crataegus<br />
Stone's hawthorn<br />
Quebec hawthorn<br />
fleshy hawthorn<br />
venulosa Sarg ; Crataegus virilis Sarg<br />
Crataegus umbratilis Sarg.<br />
shaded hawthorn<br />
Cydonia oblonga P. Mill. Cydonia vulgaris Pers.; Pyrus cydonia L. qu<strong>in</strong>ce<br />
Dasiphora floribunda Raf. Dasiphora fruticosa (L.) Rydb. ssp. floribunda shrubby-c<strong>in</strong>quefoil<br />
(Pursh) Kartesz; Pentaphylloides floribunda<br />
(Pursh) A. Löve; Potentilla floribunda Pursh;<br />
Potentilla fruticosa L. ssp. floribunda (Pursh)<br />
Elk<strong>in</strong>gton<br />
Drymocallis arguta (Pursh) Rydb. Drymocallis agrimonioides (Pursh) Rydb.;<br />
Geum agrimonioides Pursh; Potentilla arguta<br />
Pursh<br />
Exochorda racemosa (L<strong>in</strong>dl.) Rehd. Amelanchier racemosa L<strong>in</strong>dl.; Exochorda<br />
Filipendula rubra (Hill) B.L. Rob<strong>in</strong>s.<br />
grandiflora (Hook.) L<strong>in</strong>dl.<br />
Filipendula ulmaria (L.) Maxim. Filipendula denudata (J. & K. Presl) Rydb.,<br />
Filipendula ulmaria ssp. denudata (J. & K.<br />
Presl) Hayek; Filipendula ulmaria var.<br />
denudata (J. & K. Presl) Hayne ex Maxim.;<br />
tall wood-beauty<br />
common pearlbrush<br />
prairie dropwort<br />
meadow dropwort<br />
Spiraea ulmaria L<br />
Filipendula vulgaris Moench Filipendula hexapetala Gilib. ex Maxim. common dropwort
Fragaria ×ananasa Duchesne nssp.<br />
Ananasa<br />
Fragaria vesca L. ssp. americana<br />
Fragaria chiloensis (L.) P. Mill. × F.<br />
virg<strong>in</strong>iana<br />
Fragaria americana<br />
(Porter) Britt.; Fragaria<br />
woodland strawberry<br />
(Porter) Staudt<br />
vesca var. americana Porter<br />
Fragaria vesca L. ssp. vesca Fragaria vesca var. alba (Ehrh.) Rydb. woodland strawberry<br />
Fragaria virg<strong>in</strong>iana Duchesne ssp. Fragaria glauca (S. Wats.) Rydb.; Fragaria common strawberry<br />
glauca (S. Wats.) Staudt<br />
multicipita Fern.; Fragaria virg<strong>in</strong>iana var.<br />
glauca S. Wats.; Fragaria virg<strong>in</strong>iana var.<br />
Fragaria virg<strong>in</strong>iana Duchesne ssp.<br />
grayana (Vilm. ex J. Gay) Staudt<br />
Fragaria virg<strong>in</strong>iana Duchesne ssp.<br />
virg<strong>in</strong>iana<br />
Geum aleppicum Jacq. ssp. strictum<br />
(Ait.) Clausen<br />
Geum canadense Jacq. var. canadense<br />
terrae-novae (Rydb ) Fern & Wieg<br />
Fragaria grayana Vilm. ex J. Gay; Fragaria<br />
virg<strong>in</strong>iana var. ill<strong>in</strong>oensis Gray<br />
Fragaria canadensis Michx.; Fragaria<br />
virg<strong>in</strong>iana var. canadensis (Michx.) Farw.<br />
Geum aleppicum var. strictum (Ait.) Fern.;<br />
Geum strictum Ait.<br />
Geum canadense var. brevipes Fern.; Geum<br />
canadense var. camporum (Rydb.) Fern. &<br />
Wea<strong>the</strong>rby; Geum canadense var. grimesii<br />
Virg<strong>in</strong>ian strawberry<br />
Virg<strong>in</strong>ian strawberry<br />
yellow avens<br />
white avens<br />
Fern & Wea<strong>the</strong>rby<br />
Geum fragarioides (Michx.)<br />
Dalibarda fragarioides Michx.; Waldste<strong>in</strong>ia Appalachian barren-strawberry<br />
Smedmark<br />
fragarioides (Michx.) Tratt.<br />
Geum lac<strong>in</strong>iatum Murr. var.<br />
floodpla<strong>in</strong> avens<br />
lac<strong>in</strong>iatum<br />
Geum lac<strong>in</strong>iatum Murr. var.<br />
floodpla<strong>in</strong> avens<br />
trichocarpum Fern.<br />
Geum macrophyllum Willd.<br />
large-leaved avens<br />
Geum peckii Pursh<br />
Acomastylis peckii (Pursh) Bolle; Geum White Mounta<strong>in</strong> avens<br />
radiatum Michx. var. peckii (Pursh) Gray<br />
Geum ×pulchrum Fern. Geum macrophyllum × G. rivale ; Geum<br />
×pervale Boiv<strong>in</strong><br />
Geum rivale L.<br />
water avens<br />
Geum urbanum L.<br />
town avens<br />
Geum vernum (Raf.) Torr. & Gray Stylypus vernus Raf. spr<strong>in</strong>g avens<br />
Geum virg<strong>in</strong>ianum L.<br />
Geum flavum (Porter) Bickn.; Geum hirsutum cream-colored avens<br />
Muhl. ex L<strong>in</strong>k<br />
Gillenia trifoliatus (L.) Moench Porteranthus trifoliata (L.) Britt. Bowman's-root<br />
Kerria japonica (L.) DC. Rubus japonicus L. Japanese-rose<br />
Malus ×arnoldiana (Rehd.) Rehd. Malus baccata × M. floribunda<br />
Malus baccata (L.) Borkh. Pyrus baccata L. Siberian crab apple<br />
Malus floribunda Sieb. ex Van Malus pulcherrima (Sieb.) Mak<strong>in</strong>o Japanese flower<strong>in</strong>g crab apple<br />
Houtte<br />
Malus prunifolia (Willd.) Borkh. Pyrus prunifolia Willd. pear-leaved crab apple<br />
Malus pumila P. Mill.<br />
Malus domestica (Borkh.) Borkh.; Malus cultivated apple<br />
sylvestris , of American authors not P. Mill.;<br />
Pyrus pumila (P. Mill.) K. Koch<br />
Malus sieboldii (Regel) Rehd. Pyrus sieboldii Regel Tor<strong>in</strong>go crab apple<br />
Malus ×soulardii (Bailey) Britt. Malus ioensis (Wood) Britt. × M. pumila<br />
Physocarpus opulifolius (L.) Maxim. Opulaster alabamensis Rydb.; Opulaster Atlantic n<strong>in</strong>ebark<br />
opulifolius (L.) Kuntze; Spiraea opulifolia L.
Potentilla alba L.<br />
white c<strong>in</strong>quefoil<br />
Potentilla anglica Laichard<strong>in</strong>g Potentilla procumbens Sibthorp English c<strong>in</strong>quefoil<br />
Potentilla argentea L. Potentilla argentea var. pseudocalabra T. Wolf silver-leaved c<strong>in</strong>quefoil<br />
Potentilla bimundorum Soják Potentilla multifida , of authors not L. stag-horn c<strong>in</strong>quefoil<br />
Potentilla canadensis L. Potentilla canadensis var. villosissima Fern.; dwarf c<strong>in</strong>quefoil<br />
Potentilla carol<strong>in</strong>iana Poir.; Potentilla<br />
pumila Poir.<br />
Potentilla erecta (L.) Raeusch. Tormentilla erecta L. erect c<strong>in</strong>quefoil<br />
Potentilla gracilis Doug. ex Hook. Potentilla longipedunculata Rydb.; Potentilla graceful c<strong>in</strong>quefoil<br />
var. gracilis<br />
macropetala Rydb.<br />
Potentilla <strong>in</strong>cl<strong>in</strong>ata Vill. Potentilla canescens Bess.; Potentilla<br />
ashy c<strong>in</strong>quefoil<br />
<strong>in</strong>termedia var. canescens (Bess.) Rupr.<br />
Potentilla <strong>in</strong>dica (Andr.) T. Wolf Duchesnia <strong>in</strong>dica (Andr.) Focke; Fragaria Indian-strawberry<br />
<strong>in</strong>dica Andr.<br />
Potentilla <strong>in</strong>termedia L.<br />
downy c<strong>in</strong>quefoil<br />
Potentilla litoralis Rydb. Potentilla pect<strong>in</strong>ata Raf.; Potentilla<br />
coast c<strong>in</strong>quefoil<br />
pensylvanica L. var. litoralis (Rydb.) Boiv<strong>in</strong>;<br />
Potentilla pensylvanica L. var. pect<strong>in</strong>ata (Raf.)<br />
Boiv<strong>in</strong>; Potentilla pensylvanica L. var.<br />
virgulata (A. Nels.) T. Wolf; Potentilla<br />
Potentilla norvegica L.<br />
virgulata A Nels<br />
Potentilla monspeliensis L.; Potentilla Norwegian c<strong>in</strong>quefoil<br />
norvegica ssp. hirsuta (Michx.) Hyl.;<br />
Potentilla norvegica var. hirsuta (Michx.)<br />
Lehm.; Potentilla norvegica var. labradorica<br />
(Lehm.) Fern.; Potentilla norvegica ssp.<br />
Potentilla pulcherrima Lehm.<br />
monspeliensis (L ) Aschers & Graebn<br />
Potentilla camporum Rydb.; Potentilla soft c<strong>in</strong>quefoil<br />
gracilis var. pulcherrima (Lehm.) Fern.<br />
Potentilla recta L.<br />
Potentilla recta var. obscura (Nestler) W.D.J. sulphur c<strong>in</strong>quefoil<br />
Koch; Potentilla recta var. pilosa (Willd.)<br />
Ledeb.; Potentilla recta var. sulphurea (Lam. &<br />
DC ) Peyr<br />
Potentilla reptans L.<br />
creep<strong>in</strong>g c<strong>in</strong>quefoil<br />
Potentilla rivalis Nutt. Potentilla millegrana Engelm. ex Lehm.; brook c<strong>in</strong>quefoil<br />
Potentilla pentandra Engelm.; Potentilla<br />
rivalis var. millegrana (Engelm. ex Lehm.) S.<br />
Wats.; Potentilla rivalis var. pentandra<br />
(Engelm ) S Wats<br />
Potentilla robb<strong>in</strong>siana Oakes ex Potentilla hyparctica Malte ssp. robb<strong>in</strong>siana Robb<strong>in</strong>s' c<strong>in</strong>quefoil<br />
Rydb.<br />
(Oakes ex Rydb.) A. & D. Löve<br />
Potentilla simplex Michx. Potentilla simplex var. argyrisma Fern.; old-field c<strong>in</strong>quefoil<br />
Potentilla simplex var. calvescens Fern.;<br />
Potentilla simplex var. typica Fern.<br />
Potentilla verna L. Potentilla neumanniana , of authors not spr<strong>in</strong>g c<strong>in</strong>quefoil<br />
Reichenb.; Potentilla tabernaemontani<br />
Aschers.
Poteridium annuum (Nutt. ex Hook.) Poterium annum Nutt. ex Hook.; Sanguisorba prairie burnet<br />
Spach<br />
annua (Nutt. ex Hook.) Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray<br />
Poterium sanguisorba L. ssp. Poterium polygamum Waldst. & Kit.;<br />
salad burnet<br />
balearicum (Bourg. ex Nyman) Stace Sanguisorba m<strong>in</strong>or Scop. ssp. balearica<br />
(Bourg. ex Nyman) M. Garm. & C. Navarro<br />
Prunus alleghaniensis Porter var.<br />
Allegheny plum<br />
alleghaniensis<br />
Prunus americana Marsh.<br />
American plum<br />
Prunus avium (L.) L. Cerasus avium (L.) Moench sweet cherry<br />
Prunus cerasifera Ehrh.<br />
cherry plum<br />
Prunus cerasus L. Cerasus vulgaris P. Mill. sour cherry<br />
Prunus domestica L.<br />
European plum<br />
Prunus hortulana Bailey<br />
Hortulan plum<br />
Prunus <strong>in</strong>sititia L. Prunus domestica ssp. <strong>in</strong>sititia (L.) Schneid.; Damson plum<br />
Prunus domestica var. <strong>in</strong>sititia (L.) Boiv<strong>in</strong><br />
Prunus mahaleb L.<br />
Mahaleb cherry<br />
Prunus maritima Marsh. var. gravesii Prunus gravesii Small<br />
beach plum<br />
(Small) G.J. Anderson<br />
Prunus maritima Marsh. var.<br />
beach plum<br />
maritima<br />
Prunus nigra Ait. Prunus americana var. nigra (Ait.) Waugh Canada plum<br />
Prunus pensylvanica L. f. var. Cerasus pensylvanica (L. f.) Loisel. p<strong>in</strong> cherry<br />
pensylvanica<br />
Prunus persica (L.) Batsch Amygdalus persica L.; Persica vulgaris P. peach<br />
Mill.<br />
Prunus pumila L. var. depressa Prunus depressa Pursh<br />
dwarf sand plum<br />
(Pursh) Bean<br />
Prunus serot<strong>in</strong>a Ehrh. var. serot<strong>in</strong>a Padus serot<strong>in</strong>a (Ehrh.) Borkh. black cherry<br />
Prunus serrulata L<strong>in</strong>dl. Cerasus serrulata (L<strong>in</strong>dl.) G. Don ex Loud. Japanese flower<strong>in</strong>g cherry<br />
Prunus sp<strong>in</strong>osa L. Prunus domestica var. sp<strong>in</strong>osa (L.) Kuntze blackthorn plum<br />
Prunus susquehanae hort. ex Willd. Cerasus susquehanae (hort. ex Willd.) Sweet; Appalachian sand plum<br />
Prunus cuneata Raf.; Prunus pumila var.<br />
cuneata (Raf.) Bailey; Prunus pumila var.<br />
susquehanae (hort ex Willd ) Jaeger<br />
Prunus virg<strong>in</strong>iana L. var. virg<strong>in</strong>iana Padus virg<strong>in</strong>iana (L.) P. Mill. choke cherry<br />
Pyrus calleryana Dcne.<br />
Bradford pear<br />
Pyrus communis L.<br />
common pear<br />
Rhodotypos scandens (Thunb.) Corchorus scandens Thunb. black jetbead<br />
Mak<strong>in</strong>o<br />
Rosa acicularis L<strong>in</strong>dl. ssp. sayi Rosa acicularis var. bourgeauiana (Crép<strong>in</strong>) bristly rose<br />
(Schwe<strong>in</strong>.) W.H. Lewis<br />
Crép<strong>in</strong>; Rosa bourgeauiana Crép<strong>in</strong>; Rosa sayi<br />
Schwe<strong>in</strong>.<br />
Rosa arkansana Porter Rosa arkansana var. suffulta (Greene)<br />
Cockerell; Rosa rydbergii Greene; Rosa<br />
Rosa blanda Ait. var. blanda<br />
suffulta Greene<br />
Rosa blanda var. glandulosa Schuette; Rosa<br />
prairie rose<br />
smooth rose<br />
subblanda Rydb.<br />
Rosa blanda Ait. var. glabra Crép<strong>in</strong> Rosa johannensis Fern. smooth rose<br />
Rosa can<strong>in</strong>a L. Rosa can<strong>in</strong>a var. dumetorum Baker dog rose
Rosa carol<strong>in</strong>a L. ssp. carol<strong>in</strong>a<br />
Rosa carol<strong>in</strong>a L. ssp. subserrulata<br />
Rosa carol<strong>in</strong>a var. deamii (Erlanson) Deam;<br />
Rosa carol<strong>in</strong>a var. glandulosa (Crép<strong>in</strong>) Farw.;<br />
Rosa carol<strong>in</strong>a var. villosa (Best) Rehd.; Rosa<br />
lyonii Pursh<br />
Rosa subserrulata<br />
Carol<strong>in</strong>a rose<br />
(Rydb.) W.H. Lewis<br />
Rosa c<strong>in</strong>namomea L. Rosa majalis Herrm. c<strong>in</strong>namon rose<br />
Rosa gallica L.<br />
French rose<br />
Rosa glauca Pourret Rosa rubrifolia Vill. red-leaved rose<br />
Rosa luciae Franch. & Rochebr. ex Rosa wichuraiana Crép<strong>in</strong> memorial rose<br />
Crép<strong>in</strong><br />
Rosa micrantha Borrer ex Sm. Rosa rubig<strong>in</strong>osa var. nemoralis (Léman) small-flowered sweet-briar rose<br />
Thory; Rosa rubig<strong>in</strong>osa var. micrantha (Sm.)<br />
L<strong>in</strong>dl.<br />
Rosa mollis Sm.<br />
soft downy rose<br />
Rosa multiflora Thunb. ex Murr.<br />
rambler rose<br />
Rosa nitida Willd.<br />
sh<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g rose<br />
Rosa ×novae-angliae W.H. Lewis Rosa carol<strong>in</strong>a × R. virg<strong>in</strong>iana<br />
Rosa ×palustriformis Rydb. Rosa arkansana × R. palustris ; Rosa<br />
×schuetteana Erlanson<br />
Rosa palustris Marsh. Rosa floridana Rydb. swamp rose<br />
Rosa rubig<strong>in</strong>osa L. Rosa eglanteria L. sweet-briar rose<br />
Rosa rugosa Thunb.<br />
beach rose<br />
Rosa rugosa × ?<br />
Dutch rose<br />
Rosa sempervirens L.<br />
evergreen rose<br />
Rosa setigera Michx. Rosa rubifolia R. Br. <strong>in</strong> Ait. f.; Rosa setigera climb<strong>in</strong>g rose<br />
Michx. var. serena Palmer & Steyermark; Rosa<br />
Rydb.<br />
setigera Michx. var. tomentosa Torr. & Gray<br />
Rosa sherardii Davies<br />
Sherard's downy rose<br />
Rosa sp<strong>in</strong>osissima L. Rosa pimp<strong>in</strong>ellifolia L. Scotch rose<br />
Rosa virg<strong>in</strong>iana P. Mill.<br />
Rosa carol<strong>in</strong>a L. var. lucida (Ehrh.) Farw.; Virg<strong>in</strong>ia rose<br />
Rosa lucida Ehrh.; Rosa nanella Rydb.; Rosa<br />
virg<strong>in</strong>iana var. lamprophylla (Rydb.) Fern.;<br />
Rosa virg<strong>in</strong>iana formananella (Rydb ) Fern<br />
Rubus allegheniensis Porter Rubus allegheniensis var. gravesii Fern.;<br />
Rubus auroralis Bailey; Rubus fernaldianus<br />
Bailey; Rubus longissimus Bailey; Rubus<br />
nigrobaccus Bailey; Rubus pugnax Bailey;<br />
Rubus saltuensis Bailey; Rubus sativus<br />
Rubus allegheniensis × R. canadensis<br />
Bra<strong>in</strong>erd<br />
common blackberry<br />
Rubus allegheniensis × R.<br />
elegantulus<br />
Rubus allegheniensis × R. flagellaris<br />
Rubus allegheniensis × R. frondosus<br />
Rubus rosa Bailey
Rubus allegheniensis × R. hispidus<br />
Rubus allegheniensis × R.<br />
pensilvanicus<br />
Rubus allegheniensis × R.<br />
recurvicaulis<br />
Rubus allegheniensis × R. setosus<br />
Rubus biformisp<strong>in</strong>us Blanch.; Rubus electus<br />
Bailey; Rubus jactus Bailey; Rubus laevior<br />
(Bailey) Fern.; Rubus permixtus Blanch.; Rubus<br />
sanfordii Bailey<br />
Rubus alumnus Bailey; Rubus licitus Bailey;<br />
Rubus paulus Bailey<br />
Rubus abbrevians Blanch.; Rubus aculiferus<br />
Fern.; Rubus glandicaulis Blanch.; Rubus<br />
montpelierensis Blanch.; Rubus sceleratus<br />
Bra<strong>in</strong>erd ex Fern.<br />
Rubus allegheniensis × R.<br />
vermontanus<br />
Rubus ravus Bailey<br />
Rubus arenicola Blanch. Rubus alius Bailey; Rubus bra<strong>in</strong>erdii Fern.;<br />
Rubus curtipes Bailey; Rubus janssonii<br />
Bailey; Rubus obsessus Bailey; Rubus pauper<br />
Bailey; Rubus perpauper Bailey; Rubus<br />
Rubus argutus L<strong>in</strong>k<br />
Rubus bifrons Vest ex Tratt.<br />
Rubus canadensis L.<br />
Rubus canadensis × R. elegantulus<br />
Rubus canadensis × R. pensilvanicus<br />
prosper Bailey<br />
Rubus jugosus Bailey; Rubus paludivagus<br />
Fern.<br />
Rubus argutus var. randii (Bailey) Bailey;<br />
Rubus millspaughii Bailey; Rubus randii<br />
(Bailey) Rydb.<br />
sandy field blackberry<br />
sou<strong>the</strong>rn blackberry<br />
twice-leaved blackberry<br />
smooth blackberry<br />
Rubus chamaemorus L.<br />
baked-apple-berry<br />
Rubus cuneifolius Pursh Rubus chapmanii Bailey; Rubus cuneifolius sand blackberry<br />
var. angustior Bailey; Rubus cuneifolius var.<br />
subellipticus Fern.<br />
Rubus dalibarda L. Dalibarda repens L.; Rubus repens (L.) Kuntze dewdrop<br />
Rubus discolor Weihe & Nees<br />
Rubus elegantulus Blanch.<br />
Rubus elegantulus × R. jaysmithii<br />
Rubus elegantulus × R. recurvicaulis<br />
Rubus procerus , of authors not P.J. Muell. ex<br />
Genev<br />
Rubus amicalis Blanch.; Rubus kennedyanus<br />
Fern.; Rubus multiformis Blanch.<br />
Himalayan blackberry<br />
showy blackberry<br />
Rubus elegantulus × R. setosus<br />
Rubus elegantulus × R. vermontanus<br />
Rhus multilicius Bailey<br />
Rubus enslenii Tratt. Rubus sempervirens Bigelow Enslen's blackberry<br />
Rubus enslenii × R. pensilvanicus<br />
Rubus enslenii × R. recurvicaulis<br />
Rubus flagellaris Willd.<br />
Rubus felix Bailey; Rubus geophilus Blanch.; nor<strong>the</strong>rn blackberry<br />
Rubus maniseesensis<br />
Bailey
Rubus flagellaris × R. frondosus<br />
Rubus flagellaris × R. hispidus Rubus ma<strong>in</strong>ensis Bailey<br />
Rubus flagellaris × R. recurvicaulis<br />
Rubus frondosus Bigelow Rubus bellobatus Bailey; Rubus<br />
heterogeneous Bailey; Rubus <strong>in</strong>sulanus<br />
Bailey; Rubus multisp<strong>in</strong>us Blanch.; Rubus<br />
Rubus frondosus × R. hispidus<br />
Rubus frondosus × R. jaysmithii<br />
Rubus frondosus × R. recurvicaulis<br />
Rubus frondosus × R. semisetosus<br />
Rubus hispidus L.<br />
Rubus hispidus × R. jaysmithii<br />
Rubus hispidus × R. recurvicaulis<br />
Rubus hispidus × R. semisetosus<br />
Rubus hispidus × R. setosus<br />
recurvans Blanch<br />
Rubus cubitans Blanch.; Rubus pervarius<br />
(Bailey) Bailey; Rubus spiculosus<br />
Fern.<br />
Rubus adjacens Fern.; Rubus alter Bailey;<br />
Rubus blanchardianus Bailey; Rubus<br />
harmonicus Bailey; Rubus jacens Blanch.;<br />
Rubus pudens Bailey; Rubus rixosus Bailey;<br />
Rubus tholiformis Fern.; Rubus trifrons<br />
Blanch.; Rubus vigoratus Bailey<br />
Rubus hispidus × R. vermontanus Rubus viridifrons Bailey<br />
Rubus idaeus L. ssp. idaeus<br />
Rubus idaeus L. ssp. strigosus Batidea strigosa (Michx.) Greene; Rubus<br />
(Michx.) Focke<br />
idaeus var. aculeatissimus Regel & Til<strong>in</strong>g;<br />
Rubus idaeus var. canadensis Richards.; Rubus<br />
idaeus var. caudatus (Rob<strong>in</strong>s. & Schrenk) Fern.;<br />
Rubus idaeus var. egglestonii (Blanch.) Fern.;<br />
Rubus idaeus var. eucyclus Fern. & Wea<strong>the</strong>rby;<br />
Rubus idaeus var. heterolasius Fern.; Rubus<br />
idaeus ssp. melanolasius (Dieck)<br />
Focke; Rubus idaeus ssp. sachal<strong>in</strong>ensis (Levl.)<br />
Focke; Rubus melanolasius Dieck; Rubus<br />
strigosus Michx.; Rubus strigosus var.<br />
canadensis (Richards.) House<br />
leafy-flowered blackberry<br />
bristly blackberry<br />
red raspberry<br />
red raspberry<br />
Rubus illecebrosus Focke<br />
strawberry raspberry<br />
Rubus jaysmithii Bailey Rubus scambens Bailey; Rubus tetricus Bailey Smith's blackberry<br />
Rubus lac<strong>in</strong>iatus Willd.<br />
cut-leaved blackberry<br />
Rubus ×neglectus Peck<br />
Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus × R. occidentalis<br />
Rubus occidentalis L. Rubus occidentalis var. pallidus Bailey black raspberry<br />
Rubus odoratus L. Rubacer columbianum (Millsp.) Rydb.; flower<strong>in</strong>g raspberry<br />
Rubacer odoratum (L.) Rydb.; Rubus odoratus<br />
var. columbianus Millsp.; Rubus odoratus var.<br />
malachophyllus Fern<br />
Rubus parvifolius L. Rubus parviflorus var. triphyllus (Thunb.)<br />
Nakai; Rubus triphyllus<br />
Thunb.<br />
Japanese raspberry
Rubus pensilvanicus Poir.<br />
Rubus abactus Bailey; Rubus amnicola<br />
Blanch.; Rubus andrewsianus Blanch.; Rubus<br />
avipes Bailey; Rubus barbarus Bailey; Rubus<br />
conanicutensis Bailey; Rubus facetus Bailey;<br />
Rubus honorus Bailey; Rubus <strong>in</strong>sons Bailey;<br />
Rubus orarius Blanch.; Rubus ostryifolius<br />
Rydb.; Rubus pergratus Blanch.; Rubus<br />
Rubus pensilvanicus × R.<br />
hil d l hi Bl h<br />
recurvicaulis<br />
Rubus pensilvanicus × R.<br />
vermontanus Rubus miscix Bailey; Rubus peculiaris Blanch.<br />
Rubus phoenicolasius Maxim.<br />
Rubus pubescens Raf.<br />
Cylactis pubescens (Raf.) W.A. Weber; Rubus<br />
pubescens var. pilosifolius A.F. Hill; Rubus<br />
triflorus Richards.<br />
Rubus recurvicaulis Blanch. Rubus arundelanus Blanch.; Rubus<br />
brevipedalis Bailey; Rubus coloniatus Bailey;<br />
Rubus plicatifolius Blanch.; Rubus positivus<br />
Bailey; Rubus rhod<strong>in</strong>sulanus Bailey; Rubus<br />
semierectus Blanch.; Rubus severus Bra<strong>in</strong>erd;<br />
Rubus recurvicaulis × R. setosus<br />
Rubus recurvicaulis × R.<br />
vermontanus<br />
Rubus semisetosus Blanch.<br />
Rubus usus Bailey<br />
Rubus arcuans Fern. & St. John; Rubus<br />
bicknellii Bailey<br />
Rubus severus Bra<strong>in</strong>erd ex Fern.<br />
Rubus ascendens Blanch.; Rubus bigelovianus<br />
Bailey; Rubus hispidoides Bailey; Rubus<br />
ortivus Bailey; Rubus per<strong>in</strong>visus Bailey<br />
Pennsylvania blackberry<br />
w<strong>in</strong>e raspberry<br />
dwarf raspberry<br />
arch<strong>in</strong>g blackberry<br />
nor<strong>the</strong>astern blackberry<br />
Rubus semisetosus × R. vermontanus<br />
Rubus setosus Bigelow Rubus boottianus Bailey; Rubus frondisentus<br />
Blanch.; Rubus junior Bailey; Rubus lawrencei<br />
Bailey; Rubus nigricans Rydb.; Rubus notatus<br />
Bailey; Rubus significans Bailey; Rubus udus<br />
Bailey<br />
Rubus semisetosus × R. setosus<br />
Rubus setosus × R. vermontanus Rubus groutianus Blanch.; Rubus parl<strong>in</strong>ii<br />
Bailey; Rubus univocus Bailey<br />
Rubus vermontanus Blanch. Rubus deaneanus Bailey; Rubus junceus<br />
Bailey; Rubus s<strong>in</strong>gulus Bailey; Rubus tardatus<br />
Blanch.; Rubus vermontanus var. viridiflorus<br />
setose blackberry<br />
Vermont blackberry<br />
Blanch<br />
Sanguisorba canadensis L. Canada burnet<br />
Sanguisorba offic<strong>in</strong>alis L. Poterium offic<strong>in</strong>ale (L.) Gray; Sanguisorba great burnet<br />
offic<strong>in</strong>alis var. polygama (F. Nyl.) Mela & A.<br />
Caj.; Sanguisorba polygama F. Nyl.<br />
Sibbaldia procumbens L. Potentilla sibbaldii Haller f. sibbaldia
Sibbaldia tridentata (Ait.) Paulé & Potentilla tridentata Ait.; Sibbaldiopsis<br />
Soják<br />
tridentata (Ait.) Rydb.<br />
×Sorbaronia fallax Scneid. Aronia melanocarpa × Sorbus aucuparia ;<br />
Sorbus ×fallax Schneid.<br />
×Sorbaronia hybrida (Moench) Aronia arbutifolia × Sorbus aucuparia ; Pyrus<br />
Scneid.<br />
×hybrida Moench<br />
Sorbaria sorbifolia (L.) A. Braun Schizonotus sorbifolius (L.) L<strong>in</strong>dl.; Spiraea<br />
three-too<strong>the</strong>d-c<strong>in</strong>quefoil<br />
false spiraea<br />
sorbifolia L.<br />
Sorbus alnifolia (Sieb. & Zucc.) K. Crataegus alnifolia Sieb. & Zucc.; Micromeles Korean mounta<strong>in</strong>-ash<br />
Koch<br />
alnifolia Koehne<br />
Sorbus americana Marsh. Pyrus americana (Marsh) DC. American mounta<strong>in</strong>-ash<br />
Sorbus aucuparia L. Pyrus aucuparia (L.) Gaertn. European mounta<strong>in</strong>-ash<br />
Sorbus decora (Sarg.) Schneid. Pyrus americana (Marsh) DC. var. decora showy mounta<strong>in</strong>-ash<br />
Sarg.; Pyrus decora (Sarg.) Hyl.; Pyrus decora<br />
(Sarg.) Hyl. var. groenlandica (Schneid.) Fern.;<br />
Sorbus decora var. groenlandica (Schneid.)<br />
G.N. Jones; Sorbus groenlandica (Schneid.) A.<br />
& D Löve<br />
Sorbus hybrida L. Pyrus p<strong>in</strong>natifida Ehrh.; Sorbus fennica<br />
Spiraea alba Du Roi var. alba<br />
Spiraea alba Du Roi var. latifolia<br />
(Ait.) Dippel<br />
(Kalm) Fries<br />
Spiraea alba var. septentrionalis (Fern.)<br />
Seymour; Spiraea latifolia (Ait.) Borkh.;<br />
Spiraea latifolia (Ait.) Borkh. var.<br />
septentrionalis Fern.; Spiraea septentrionalis<br />
oak-leaved mounta<strong>in</strong>-ash<br />
white meadowsweet<br />
white meadowsweet<br />
(Fern ) A & D Löve<br />
Spiraea chamaedryfolia L. Spiraea chamaedryfolia var. ulmifolia (Scop.) germander meadowsweet<br />
Maxim.; Spiraea ulmifolia Scop.<br />
Spiraea japonica L. f. var. fortunei Spiraea fortunei Planch. Japanese meadowsweet<br />
(Planch.) Rehd.<br />
Spiraea prunifolia Sieb. & Zucc. Spiraea prunifolia var. plena Schneid. bridalwreath meadowsweet<br />
Spiraea thunbergii Sieb. ex Blume<br />
Thunberg's meadowsweet<br />
Spiraea tomentosa L. Spiraea tomentosa var. rosea (Raf.) Fern. rosy meadowsweet<br />
Spiraea ×vanhouttei (Briott) Carr. Spiraea cantoniensis Lour. × S. trilobata L.<br />
Rubiaceae<br />
madder family<br />
Asperula arvensis L.<br />
blue woodruff<br />
Cephalanthus occidentalis L. Cephalanthus occidentalis var. pubescens Raf. common buttonbush<br />
Diodia teres Walt. var. teres<br />
Diodella teres (Walt.) Small; Diodia teres var.<br />
rough buttonweed<br />
setifera Fern. & Grisc.<br />
Diodia virg<strong>in</strong>iana L. var. virg<strong>in</strong>iana Diodia hirsuta Pursh; Diodia tetragona Walt. Virg<strong>in</strong>ia buttonweed<br />
Galium album L.<br />
Galium erectum Huds., <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> sense of Huds. white bedstraw<br />
1778; Galium mollugo ssp. erectum (Huds.)<br />
Briq.; Galium mollugo var. erectum (Huds.)<br />
Dom<strong>in</strong>
Galium apar<strong>in</strong>e L. Galium apar<strong>in</strong>e var. ech<strong>in</strong>ospermum (Wallr.)<br />
Farw.; Galium apar<strong>in</strong>e ssp. spurium (L.)<br />
Simonkai; Galium apar<strong>in</strong>e var. vaillantii (DC.)<br />
Koch; Galium spurium L.; Galium spurium L.<br />
var. ech<strong>in</strong>ospermum (Wallr.) Hayek; Galium<br />
spurium L. var. vaillantii (DC.) G. Beck;<br />
Galium asprellum Michx.<br />
Galium boreale L. ssp. boreale<br />
(Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Hara<br />
scratch bedstraw<br />
G li ill tii DC<br />
rough bedstraw<br />
Galium boreale var. hyssopifolium (Hoffmann)<br />
nor<strong>the</strong>rn bedstraw<br />
DC.; Galium boreale var. <strong>in</strong>termedium DC.;<br />
Galium boreale var. l<strong>in</strong>earifolium Rydb.;<br />
Galium boreale var. scabrum DC.; Galium<br />
boreale ssp. septentrionale (Roemer & J.A.<br />
Schultes) Iltis; Galium hyssopifolium<br />
Hoffmann; Galium septentrionale Roemer & J.A.<br />
Schultes<br />
Galium brevipes Fern. & Wieg. Galium trifidum ssp. brevipes (Fern. & Wieg.)<br />
A. & D. Löve<br />
Galium circaezans Michx. var. Galium circaezans var. glabrum Britt.; Galium<br />
circaezans<br />
circaezans var. typicum Fern.; Galium<br />
rotundifolium L. var. circaezans (Michx.)<br />
Kuntze<br />
Galium circaezans Michx. var.<br />
hypomalacum Fern.<br />
Galium divaricatum Pourret ex Lam. Galium anglicum Huds.; Galium parisiense L.<br />
ssp. anglicum (Huds.) Gaud.; Galium<br />
parisiense L. var. anglicum (Huds.) G. Beck;<br />
Galium parisiense L. var. divaricatum (Pourret<br />
limestone swamp bedstraw<br />
forest licorice bedstraw<br />
forest licorice bedstraw<br />
Lamarck's bedstraw<br />
ex Lam ) Vis<br />
Galium glaucum L. Asperula glauca (L.) Bess. waxy bedstraw<br />
Galium kamtschaticum Steller ex J.A.<br />
boreal bedstraw<br />
& J.H. Schultes<br />
Galium labradoricum (Wieg.) Wieg. Galium t<strong>in</strong>ctorium var. labradoricum Wieg. nor<strong>the</strong>rn bog bedstraw<br />
Galium lanceolatum Torr. Galium circaezans var. lanceolatum (Torr.) lance-leaved licorice bedstraw<br />
Torr. & Gray; Galium rotundifolium L. var.<br />
Galium mollugo L.<br />
Galium mollugo × G. verum ssp. verum<br />
lanceolatum (Torr.) Kuntze<br />
whorled bedstraw<br />
Galium obtusum Bigelow ssp. Galium obtusum var. ramosum Gleason; blunt-leaved bedstraw<br />
obtusum<br />
Galium trifidum var. latifolium Torr.<br />
Galium odoratum (L.) Scop. Asperula odorata L. sweet-scented bedstraw<br />
Galium palustre L.<br />
marsh bedstraw<br />
Galium pilosum Ait. var. pilosum Galium puncticulosum Michx. var. pilosum hairy bedstraw<br />
Galium pilosum Ait. var.<br />
puncticulosum (Michx.) Torr. & Gray<br />
(Ait.) DC.<br />
Galium punctatum Pers.; Galium<br />
puncticulosum Michx.<br />
hairy bedstraw
Galium ×pomeranicum Retz.<br />
Galium sylvaticum L.<br />
Galium t<strong>in</strong>ctorium (L.) Scop. var.<br />
floridanum Wieg.<br />
Galium t<strong>in</strong>ctorium (L.) Scop. var.<br />
t<strong>in</strong>ctorium<br />
Galium album × G. verum ssp. verum ; Galium<br />
×ochroleucum Wolf ex Schweig.<br />
Galium t<strong>in</strong>ctorium ssp. floridanum (Wieg.)<br />
Puff<br />
Asperula t<strong>in</strong>ctoria L.; Galium trifidum ssp.<br />
t<strong>in</strong>ctorium (L.) Hara; Galium trifidum var.<br />
wood bedstraw<br />
stiff three-petaled bedstraw<br />
stiff three-petaled bedstraw<br />
t<strong>in</strong>ctorium (L.) Torr. & Gray<br />
Galium tricornutum Dandy Galium tricorne Stokes, <strong>in</strong> part rough-fruited bedstraw<br />
Galium trifidum L. ssp. halophilum Galium trifidum var. halophilum Fern. & Wieg. three-petaled bedstraw<br />
(Fern. & Wieg.) Puff<br />
Galium trifidum L. ssp. trifidum<br />
three-petaled bedstraw<br />
Galium triflorum Michx. Galium triflorum var. asprelliforme Fern. fragrant bedstraw<br />
Galium verum L. ssp. verum<br />
yellow bedstraw<br />
Galium verum L. ssp. wirtgenii (F.W. Galium wirtgenii F.W. Schultz yellow bedstraw<br />
Schultz) Oborny<br />
Houstonia caerulea L.<br />
Hedyotis caerulea (L.) Hook.; Houstonia little bluet<br />
caerulea var. fax<strong>in</strong>orum Pease & Moore<br />
Houstonia longifolia Gaertn. Hedyotis longifolia (Gaertn.) Hook.; Hedyotis long-leaved bluet<br />
longifolia (Gaertn.) Hook. var. tenuifolia<br />
(Nutt.) Torr. & Gray; Hedyotis purpurea (L.)<br />
Torr. & Gray var. longifolia (Gaertn.) Fosberg;<br />
Houstonia longifolia var. glabra Terrell;<br />
Houstonia longifolia var. tenuifolia (Nutt.)<br />
Wood; Houstonia tenuifolia Nutt.;<br />
Oldenlandia purpurea (L.) Gray var. tenuifolia<br />
Houstonia purpurea L. var. calycosa<br />
Gray<br />
Mitchella repens L.<br />
Rubia t<strong>in</strong>ctoria L.<br />
Sherardia arvensis L.<br />
Rutaceae<br />
( ) G Ch<br />
Hedyotis lanceolata Poir.; Hedyotis purpurea<br />
(L.) Torr. & Gray var. calycosa (Gray) Fosberg;<br />
Houstonia calycosa (Gray) C. Mohr;<br />
Houstonia lanceolata<br />
(Poir ) Britt<br />
Dictamnus albus L.<br />
Phellodendron amurense Rupr. Phellodendron amurense var. sachal<strong>in</strong>ense F.<br />
Schmidt; Phellodendron japonicum Maxim.;<br />
Phellodendron sachal<strong>in</strong>ense (F. Schmidt) Sarg.<br />
Ptelea trifoliata L. ssp. trifoliata var.<br />
trifoliata<br />
Ruta graveolens L.<br />
Zanthoxylum americanum P. Mill.<br />
Salicaceae<br />
Ptelea baldw<strong>in</strong>ii Torr. & Gray<br />
large bluet<br />
partridge-berry<br />
madder<br />
blue field-madder<br />
rue family<br />
gasplant<br />
Amur corktree<br />
common hoptree<br />
common rue<br />
common prickly-ash<br />
willow family<br />
Populus alba L. Populus alba var. bolleana Lauche white poplar<br />
Populus balsamifera L. ssp. Populus balsamifera var. candicans (Ait.) balsam poplar<br />
balsamifera<br />
Gray
Populus ×canescens (Ait.) J.E. Smith<br />
Populus alba L. × P. tremula<br />
Populus deltoides Bartr. ex Marsh.<br />
var. deltoides<br />
Populus angulata Ait.; Populus angulata Ait.<br />
var. missouriensis A. Henry; Populus<br />
balsamifera var. missouriensis (A. Henry)<br />
Rehd.; Populus deltoides var. angulata (Ait.)<br />
Sarg.; Populus deltoides var. missouriensis (A.<br />
Henry) A. Henry; Populus deltoides var. pilosa<br />
necklace poplar<br />
(Sarg ) Sudworth<br />
Populus grandidentata Michx. Populus grandidentata var. angustata Victor<strong>in</strong> big-too<strong>the</strong>d poplar<br />
Populus ×heimburgeri Boiv<strong>in</strong> Populus alba × P. tremuloides<br />
Populus heterophylla L. Populus argentea Michx. f. swamp poplar<br />
Populus ×jackii Sarg. Populus balsamifera × P. deltoides ; Populus<br />
×gileadensis Rouleau<br />
Populus nigra L. Populus italica (Du Roi) Moench; Populus black poplar<br />
nigra var. italica Du Roi<br />
Populus ×rouleauiana Boiv<strong>in</strong> Populus alba × P. grandidentata<br />
Populus ×smithii Boiv<strong>in</strong> Populus grandidentata × P. tremuloides<br />
Populus tremula L.<br />
European poplar<br />
Populus tremuloides Michx. Populus tremula ssp. tremuloides (Michx.) A. quak<strong>in</strong>g poplar<br />
& D. Löve; Populus tremuloides var.<br />
Salix alba L.<br />
magnifica Victor<strong>in</strong><br />
Salix alba ssp. caerulea (Sm.) Rech<strong>in</strong>ger f.;<br />
Salix alba var. caerulea (Sm.) Sm.; Salix alba<br />
var. calva G.F.W. Mey.; Salix alba ssp.<br />
vitell<strong>in</strong>a (L.) Arcang.; Salix alba var. vitell<strong>in</strong>a<br />
(L ) Stokes; Salix vitell<strong>in</strong>a L<br />
Salix amygdaloides Anderss.<br />
Salix arctophila Cockerell ex Heller Salix arctica Liebm.; Salix arctophila var.<br />
lejocarpa (Anderss.) Schneid.; Salix<br />
groenlandica Lundstr.; Salix groenlandica<br />
white willow<br />
peach-leaved willow<br />
nor<strong>the</strong>rn willow<br />
Lundstr var lejocarpa (Anderss ) Lange<br />
Salix argyrocarpa Anderss. Salix argyrocarpa var. denudata Anderss. Labrador willow<br />
Salix aurita L.<br />
eared willow<br />
Salix bebbiana Sarg.<br />
Salix bebbiana var. capreifolia (Fern.) Fern.; long-beaked willow<br />
Salix bebbiana var. projecta (Fern.) Schneid.;<br />
Salix rostrata Richards.; Salix rostrata<br />
Richards. var. capreifolia Fern.; Salix rostrata<br />
Richards. var. projecta Fern.; Salix starkeana<br />
Willd. ssp. bebbiana (Sarg.) Youngberg; Salix<br />
vagans Hook. f. ex Anderss. var. occidentalis<br />
Anderss.; Salix vagans Hook. f. ex Anderss. var.<br />
Salix bebbiana × S. petiolaris<br />
Salix ×bebbii Anderss.<br />
Salix ×beschelii Boiv<strong>in</strong><br />
Salix candida Fluegge ex Willd.<br />
( i h d ) A d<br />
Salix eriocephala × S. sericea<br />
Salix bebbiana × S. discolor<br />
Salix candida var. denudata Anderss.; Salix<br />
candida var. tomentosa Anderss.<br />
sage willow
Salix candida × S. petiolaris<br />
Salix caprea L.<br />
Salix c<strong>in</strong>erea L. ssp. c<strong>in</strong>erea<br />
Salix c<strong>in</strong>erea L. ssp. oleifolia (Sm.)<br />
Macreight<br />
Salix ×conifera Wangenh.<br />
Salix ×cryptodonta Fern.<br />
Salix atroc<strong>in</strong>erea Brot.; Salix c<strong>in</strong>erea ssp.<br />
atroc<strong>in</strong>erea (Brot.) Gu<strong>in</strong>ier<br />
Salix discolor × S. humilis ; Salix discolor var.<br />
latifolia Anderss.<br />
Salix bebbiana × S. candida<br />
goat willow<br />
gray willow<br />
gray willow<br />
Salix discolor Muhl. Salix ancorifera Fern. pussy willow<br />
Salix discolor × S. eriocephala<br />
Salix elaeagnos Scop. Salix <strong>in</strong>cana Schrank hoar<strong>in</strong>g willow<br />
Salix eriocephala Michx. ssp.<br />
eriocephala var. eriocephala<br />
Salix cordata Muhl.; Salix cordata Michx. var.<br />
abrasa Fern.; Salix cordata Michx. var. rigida<br />
(Muhl.) Boiv<strong>in</strong>; Salix cordata Muhl. var. ridiga<br />
(Muhl.) Carey; Salix cordata Muhl. var.<br />
missouriensis (Bebb) Mackenzie & Bush; Salix<br />
discolor Muhl. var. eriocephala (Michx.)<br />
heart-leaved willow<br />
Anderss.; Salix missouriensis Bebb; Salix<br />
Salix eriocephala × S. petiolaris<br />
Salix exigua Nutt. ssp. <strong>in</strong>terior<br />
(Rowlee) Cronq.<br />
iid<br />
Mhl<br />
Salix exigua var. exterior (Fern.) C.F. Reed;<br />
Salix exigua var. pedicellata (Anderss.) Cronq.;<br />
Salix exigua var. sericans (Nees) Nesom; Salix<br />
fluviatilis Nutt. var. sericans (Nees) Boiv<strong>in</strong>;<br />
Salix <strong>in</strong>terior Rowlee; Salix <strong>in</strong>terior Rowlee<br />
var. exterior Fern.; Salix <strong>in</strong>terior Rowlee var.<br />
pedicellata (Anderss.) C. R. Ball; Salix <strong>in</strong>terior<br />
Rowlee var. wheeleri Rowlee; Salix longifolia<br />
Muhl.; Salix longifolia Muhl. var. <strong>in</strong>terior<br />
(Rowlee) M.E. Jones; Salix longifolia Muhl.<br />
var. sericans Nees; Salix longifolia Muhl. var.<br />
wheeleri (Rowlee) C. K. Schneider; Salix<br />
wheeleri (Rowlee) Rydb.<br />
Salix ×fragilis L.<br />
Salix alba × S. eux<strong>in</strong>a ; Salix ×rubens Schrank<br />
nothovar. basfordiana (Scal<strong>in</strong>g ex Salter)<br />
Meikle<br />
Salix ×grayii Schneid. Salix argyrocarpa × S. planifolia<br />
Salix herbacea L.<br />
Salix humilis Marsh.<br />
Salix conifera Muhl.; Salix humilis var.<br />
angustifolia (Barratt) Anderss.; Salix<br />
muehlenbergiana Willd. var. angustifolia<br />
Barratt; Salix tristis Ait. var. glabrata<br />
Salix ×jesupii Fern.<br />
(Anderss ) Anderss<br />
Salix alba × S. lucida<br />
sandbar willow<br />
snow-bed willow<br />
prairie willow
Salix lucida Muhl. ssp. lucida<br />
Salix myricoides Muhl. var.<br />
myricoides<br />
Salix nigra Marsh.<br />
Salix occidentalis Walt.<br />
Salix lucida var. angustifolia (Anderss.)<br />
Anderss.; Salix lucida var. <strong>in</strong>tonsa Fern.; Salix<br />
lucida var. latifolia (Anderss.) Anderss.; Salix<br />
pentandra var. lucida (Muhl.) Kuntze<br />
Salix cordata Michx. var. glaucophylla Bebb;<br />
Salix cordata Michx. var. myricoides (Muhl.)<br />
Carey; Salix glaucophylla (Bebb) Bebb; Salix<br />
glaucophylloides Fern.; Salix glaucophylloides<br />
Fern. var. glaucophylla (Bebb) Schneid.<br />
Salix denudata Raf.; Salix falcata Pursh; Salix<br />
nigra var. brevifolia Anderss.; Salix nigra var.<br />
falcata (Pursh) Torr.<br />
Salix humilis var. microphylla (Anderss.) Fern.;<br />
Salix humilis var. tristis (Ait.) Griggs; Salix<br />
muehlenbergiana Willd.; Salix tristis Ait.;<br />
Salix tristis Ait. var. microphylla Anderss.<br />
sh<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g willow<br />
bayberry willow<br />
black willow<br />
dwarf prairie willow<br />
Salix ×peasei Fern.<br />
Salix herbacea × S. uva -ursi<br />
Salix pedicellaris Pursh Salix myrtilloides L. var. hypoglauca (Fern.)<br />
Ball; Salix myrtilloides L. var. pedicellaris<br />
(Pursh) Anderss.; Salix pedicellaris var.<br />
hypoglauca Fern.; Salix pedicellaris var.<br />
tenuescens Fern<br />
Salix pellita (Anderss.) Anderss. ex Salix chlorophylla Anderss. var. pellita<br />
Schneid.<br />
Anderss.; Salix sitchensis Sanson ex Bong. var.<br />
pellita (Anderss.) Jepson<br />
Salix ×pendul<strong>in</strong>a Wenderoth Salix babylonica L. × S. eux<strong>in</strong>a<br />
Salix pentandra L.<br />
Salix petiolaris Sm. Salix gracilis Anderss.; Salix gracilis Anderss.<br />
var. textoris Fern.; Salix petiolaris var.<br />
angustifolia Anderss.; Salix petiolaris var.<br />
gracilis (Anderss.) Anderss.; Salix petiolaris<br />
var. subsericea Anderss.; Salix sericea var.<br />
subsericea (Anderss.) Rydb.; Salix subsericea<br />
Salix planifolia Pursh ssp. planifolia<br />
(Anderss ) Schneid<br />
Salix chlorophylla Anderss.; Salix<br />
chlorophylla Anderss. var. nelsonii (Ball)<br />
Flod.; Salix nelsonii Ball; Salix phylicifolia L.<br />
ssp. planifolia (Pursh) Hiitonen; Salix<br />
planifolia var nelsonii (Ball) Ball ex EC Sm<br />
Salix purpurea L.<br />
Salix pyrifolia Anderss. Salix balsamifera (Hook.) Barratt ex Anderss.;<br />
Salix balsamifera (Hook.) Barratt ex Anderss.<br />
var. lanceolata Bebb; Salix cordata Muhl. var.<br />
balsamifera Hook.; Salix pyrifolia var.<br />
lanceolata (Bebb) Fern<br />
Salix ×rubella Bebb<br />
Salix candida × S. eriocephala<br />
bog willow<br />
sat<strong>in</strong>y willow<br />
laurel willow<br />
meadow willow<br />
tea-leaved willow<br />
basket willow<br />
balsam willow
Salix ×sepulcralis Semonkai Salix alba × S. babylonica L.<br />
Salix ×sericans Tausch ex Kern. Salix caprea × S. vim<strong>in</strong>alis<br />
Salix sericea Marsh.<br />
Salix coactilis Fern.; Salix grisea Willd.; Salix<br />
petiolaris var. grisea (Willd.) Torr.; Salix<br />
Salix serissima (Bailey) Fern.<br />
Salix uva-ursi Pursh<br />
petiolaris var. sericea (Marsh.) Anderss.<br />
Salix arguta Anderss. var. pallescens Anderss.;<br />
Salix lucida var. serissima Bailey<br />
Salix cutleri Tuckerman; Salix cutleri<br />
Tuckerman var. labradorica (Anderss.) Anderss.<br />
silky willow<br />
autumn willow<br />
bearberry willow<br />
Salix vim<strong>in</strong>alis L.<br />
Sap<strong>in</strong>daceae<br />
Acer campestre L.<br />
Acer ×freemanii Murray<br />
Acer g<strong>in</strong>nala Maxim.<br />
Acer negundo L. var. negundo<br />
Acer negundo L. var. violaceum<br />
(Kirchn.) Jaeger<br />
Acer nigrum Michx. f.<br />
Acer rubrum × A. sacchar<strong>in</strong>um<br />
Negundo aceroides (L.) Moench; Negundo<br />
negundo (L.) Karst.<br />
Acer violaceum (Kirchn.) Simonkai; Negundo<br />
aceroides (L.) Moench ssp. violaceum (Kirchn.)<br />
W.A. Weber; Negundo aceroides (L.) Moench<br />
var violaceum Kirchn<br />
Acer saccharum ssp. nigrum (Michx. f.)<br />
Desmarais; Acer saccharum var. nigrum<br />
(Michx. f.) Britt.; Saccharodendron nigrum<br />
osier willow<br />
soapberry family<br />
hedge maple<br />
Amur maple<br />
ash-leaved maple<br />
ash-leaved maple<br />
black maple<br />
(Michx f ) Small<br />
Acer palmatum Thunb.<br />
Japanese maple<br />
Acer pensylvanicum L.<br />
striped maple<br />
Acer platanoides L. Acer platanoides var. schwedleri Nichols. Norway maple<br />
Acer pseudoplatanus L.<br />
sycamore maple<br />
Acer rubrum L. Acer carol<strong>in</strong>ianum Walt.; Acer rubrum var. red maple<br />
tridens Wood; Acer stenocarpum Britt.;<br />
Rufacer rubrum (L.) Small; Rufacer<br />
Acer sacchar<strong>in</strong>um L.<br />
Acer saccharum Marsh. var.<br />
saccharum<br />
carol<strong>in</strong>ianum (Walt ) Small<br />
Acer dasycarpum Ehrh.; Acer sacchar<strong>in</strong>um var. silver maple<br />
lac<strong>in</strong>iatum Pax; Argentacer sacchar<strong>in</strong>um (L.)<br />
Small<br />
Acer nigrum var. glaucum (F. Schmidt) sugar maple<br />
Fosberg; Acer nigrum var. saccharophorum (K.<br />
Koch) Clausen; Acer saccharum var. glaucum<br />
(F. Schmidt) Sarg.; Saccharodendron<br />
saccharum (Marsh ) Moldenke<br />
Acer spicatum Lam.<br />
mounta<strong>in</strong> maple<br />
Acer tataricum L.<br />
Tatarian maple<br />
Aesculus glabra Willd.<br />
Ohio buckeye<br />
Aesculus hippocastanum L.<br />
horse-chestnut<br />
Cardiospermum halicacabum L.<br />
balloon-v<strong>in</strong>e<br />
Koelreuteria paniculata Laxm. golden ra<strong>in</strong>-tree<br />
Sarraceniaceae<br />
pitcherplant family
Sarracenia purpurea L. ssp.<br />
purpurea<br />
Saxifragaceae<br />
Sarracenia heterophylla Eat.; Sarracenia<br />
pupurea var. heterophylla (Eat.) Torr.<br />
Chrysosplenium americanum Schwe<strong>in</strong>.<br />
ex Hook.<br />
Heuchera americana L. var.<br />
americana<br />
Micran<strong>the</strong>s foliolosa (R. Br.) Hydatica foliolosa (R. Br.) Small; Saxifraga<br />
Gornall<br />
foliolosa R. Br.; Saxifraga stellaris L. var.<br />
comosa Poir.; Spatularia foliolosa (R. Br.)<br />
purple pitcherplant<br />
saxifrage family<br />
golden-saxifrage<br />
common alum-root<br />
naked-bulbil small-floweredsaxifrage<br />
Small<br />
Micran<strong>the</strong>s pensylvanica (L.) Haw. Saxifraga forbesii Vasey; Saxifraga<br />
swamp small-flowered-saxifrage<br />
pensylvanica L.; Saxifraga pensylvanica L. var.<br />
forbesii (Vasey) Engl. & Irmsch.; Saxifraga<br />
pensylvanica L. var. purpuripetala (A.M.<br />
Johnson) Bush<br />
Micran<strong>the</strong>s virg<strong>in</strong>iensis (Michx.) Saxifraga virg<strong>in</strong>iensis Michx. early small-flowered-saxifrage<br />
Small<br />
Mitella diphylla L. Mitella oppositifolia Rydb. two-leaved bishop's-cap<br />
Mitella nuda L.<br />
naked bishop's-cap<br />
Mitella prostrata Michx. prostrate bishop's-cap<br />
Saxifraga aizoides L. Leptasea aizoides (L.) Haw. yellow mounta<strong>in</strong> saxifrage<br />
Saxifraga cernua L.<br />
nodd<strong>in</strong>g saxifrage<br />
Saxifraga oppositifolia L. ssp. Antiphylla oppositifolia (L.) Fourr. purple mounta<strong>in</strong> saxifrage<br />
oppositifolia<br />
Saxifraga paniculata P. Mill. ssp. Chondrosea paniculata (P. Mill.) A. Löve ssp. white mounta<strong>in</strong> saxifrage<br />
neogaea (Butters) D. Löve<br />
neogaea (Butters) A. Löve; Saxifraga aizoon<br />
Jacq. ssp. neogaea (Butters) A. & D. Löve;<br />
Saxifraga aizoon Jacq var neogaea Butters<br />
Saxifraga rivularis L. ssp. rivularis Saxifraga debilis Engelm. ex Gray; Saxifraga<br />
hyperborea R. Br. ssp. debilis (Engelm. ex<br />
Gray) A. & D. Löve & Kapoor; Saxifraga<br />
rivularis ssp. flexuosa (Sternb.) Gjaerev.;<br />
Saxifraga rivularis var. debilis (Engelm. ex<br />
Gray) Dorn; Saxifraga rivularis var. flexuosa<br />
alp<strong>in</strong>e-brook saxifrage<br />
(Sternb ) Engl & Irmsch<br />
Tiarella cordifolia L. var. cordifolia foam-flower<br />
Scrophulariaceae<br />
figwort family<br />
Buddleja davidii Franch.<br />
Limosella australis R. Br. Limosella aquatica L. var. tenuifolia Hoffman;<br />
orange-eye butterfly-bush<br />
Atlantic mudwort<br />
Limosella subulata Ives<br />
Scrophularia lanceolata Pursh Scrophularia leporella Bickn.; Scrophularia pect lance-leaved figwort<br />
Scrophularia marilandica L. eastern figwort<br />
Scrophularia nodosa L. woodland figwort<br />
Verbascum blattaria L.<br />
moth mulle<strong>in</strong><br />
Verbascum densiflorum Bertol. Verbascum thapsiforme Schrad. dense-flowered mulle<strong>in</strong><br />
Verbascum lychnitis L.<br />
white mulle<strong>in</strong><br />
Verbascum nigrum L.<br />
black mulle<strong>in</strong><br />
Verbascum phlomoides L.<br />
orange mulle<strong>in</strong>
Verbascum thapsus L.<br />
Simaroubaceae<br />
common mulle<strong>in</strong><br />
tree-of-heaven family<br />
Ailanthus altissima (P. Mill.) Sw<strong>in</strong>gle Ailanthus glandulosa Desv. tree-of-heaven<br />
Solanaceae<br />
Browallia americana L.<br />
Datura <strong>in</strong>oxia P. Mill.<br />
Datura stramonium L.<br />
Datura meteloides , of authors not Dunal, <strong>in</strong><br />
part<br />
Datura <strong>in</strong>ermis Juss. ex Jacq.; Datura<br />
stramonium var. <strong>in</strong>ermis (Juss. ex Jacq.) Fern.;<br />
Datura stramonium var. tatula (L.) Torr.;<br />
nightshade family<br />
Jamaican-forget-me-not<br />
downy thorn-apple<br />
thorn-apple<br />
Datura tatula L<br />
Datura wrightii Regel<br />
sacred thorn-apple<br />
Hyoscyamus niger L.<br />
black henbane<br />
Leucophysalis grandiflora (Hook.) Chamaesaracha grandiflora (Hook.) Fern.; large false ground-cherry<br />
Rydb.<br />
Physalis grandiflora Hook.<br />
Lycium barbarum L. Lycium halimifolium P. Mill. matrimony-v<strong>in</strong>e<br />
Lycium ch<strong>in</strong>ense P. Mill.<br />
Ch<strong>in</strong>ese matrimony-v<strong>in</strong>e<br />
Nicandra physalodes (L.) Gaertn. Atropa physalodes L.; Physalodes physalodes apple-of-Peru<br />
(L.) Britt.<br />
Nicotiana alata L<strong>in</strong>k & Otto Nicotiana aff<strong>in</strong>is T. Moore; Nicotiana alata Jasm<strong>in</strong>e tobacco<br />
var. grandiflora Comes<br />
Nicotiana langsdorffii Schrank flower<strong>in</strong>g tobacco<br />
Nicotiana longiflora Cav. long-flowered tobacco<br />
Nicotiana quadrivalvis Pursh var. Nicotiana bigelovii (Torr.) S. Wats. Indian tobacco<br />
bigelovii (Torr.) DeWolf<br />
Nicotiana rustica L.<br />
Aztec tobacco<br />
Nicotiana ×sanderae hort. ex W. Nicotiana alata × N. forgetiana hort. ex<br />
Wats.<br />
Hemsley<br />
Nicotiana tabacum L.<br />
cultivated tobacco<br />
Petunia ×atk<strong>in</strong>siana D. Don ex W.H. Petunia axillaris × P. <strong>in</strong>tegrifolia ; Petunia<br />
Baxter<br />
×hybrida Vilm.<br />
Petunia axillaris (Lam.) B.S.P.<br />
garden petunia<br />
Petunia <strong>in</strong>tegrifolia (Hook.) Sch<strong>in</strong>z & Petunia violaceae L<strong>in</strong>dl.<br />
violet-flowered petunia<br />
Thellung<br />
Physalis alkekengi L.<br />
strawberry ground-cherry<br />
Physalis angulata L. Physalis angulata var. lanceifolia (Nees) cut-leaved ground-cherry<br />
Waterfall; Physalis angulata var. pendula<br />
(Rydb.) Waterfall; Physalis lanceifolia Nees;<br />
Physalis grisea (Waterfall) M.<br />
Mart<strong>in</strong>ez<br />
Physalis heterophylla Nees var.<br />
heterophylla<br />
Physalis pendula Rydb<br />
Physalis pru<strong>in</strong>osa , of authors not L.; Physalis<br />
pubescens L. var. grisea Waterfall<br />
Physalis ambigua (Gray) Britt.; Physalis<br />
heterophylla var. ambigua (Gray) Rydb.;<br />
Physalis heterophylla var. clavipes Fern.;<br />
Physalis heterophylla var. nyctag<strong>in</strong>ea (Dunal)<br />
Rydb.; Physalis heterophylla var. villosa<br />
Waterfall; Physalis nyctag<strong>in</strong>ea Dunal; Pysalis<br />
i t Rydb<br />
downy ground-cherry<br />
clammy ground-cherry
Physalis longifolia Nutt. var. Physalis subglabrata Mackenzie & Bush; long-leaved ground-cherry<br />
subglabrata (Mackenzie & Bush) Physalis virg<strong>in</strong>iana var. subglabrata<br />
Cronq.<br />
(Mackenzie & Bush) Waterfall<br />
Physalis philadelphica Lam. var. Physalis ixocarpa , of authors not Brot. ex Mexican ground-cherry<br />
immaculata Waterfall<br />
Hornem.<br />
Physalis pubescens L. var.<br />
Physalis hirsuta Dunal var. <strong>in</strong>tegrifolia Dunal hairy ground-cherry<br />
<strong>in</strong>tegrifolia (Dunal) Waterfall<br />
Physalis virg<strong>in</strong>iana P. Mill. var. Physalis <strong>in</strong>termedia Rydb.; Physalis<br />
Virg<strong>in</strong>ia ground-cherry<br />
virg<strong>in</strong>iana<br />
monticola C. Mohr<br />
Salpiglossis s<strong>in</strong>uata Ruiz & Pavón pa<strong>in</strong>tedtongue<br />
Solanum carol<strong>in</strong>ense L. var.<br />
Carol<strong>in</strong>a nightshade<br />
carol<strong>in</strong>ense<br />
Solanum citrullifolium A. Braun var.<br />
watermelon nightshade<br />
citrullifolium<br />
Solanum dulcamara L. var.<br />
climb<strong>in</strong>g nightshade<br />
dulcamara<br />
Solanum dulcamara L. var.<br />
climb<strong>in</strong>g nightshade<br />
villosissimum Desv.<br />
Solanum lycopersicon L. var. Lycopersicon esculentum P. Mill.;<br />
garden tomato<br />
lycopersicon<br />
Lycopersicon lycopersicum (L.) Karst. ex Farw.<br />
Solanum melongena L.<br />
eggplant<br />
Solanum nigrum L. ssp. nigrum<br />
European black nightshade<br />
Solanum physalifolium Rusby var. Solanum sarrachoides , of authors not Sendtner ground-cherry nightshade<br />
nitidibaccatum (Bitter) Edmonds<br />
Solanum pseudocapsicum L.<br />
Jerusalem-cherry nightshade<br />
Solanum ptycanthum Dunal Solanum americanum , of authors not P. Mill. eastern black nightshade<br />
Solanum rostratum Dunal Androcera rostrata (Dunal) Rydb.; Solanum horned nightshade<br />
cornutum , of authors not Lam.<br />
Solanum sysimbriifolium Lam.<br />
sticky nightshade<br />
Solanum triflorum Nutt.<br />
cut-leaved nightshade<br />
Solanum tuberosum L.<br />
Irish potato<br />
Solanum villosum L. Solanum nigrum var. villosum L. hairy nightshade<br />
Staphyleaceae<br />
bladdernut family<br />
Staphylea trifolia L.<br />
Styracaceae<br />
Halesia carol<strong>in</strong>a L.<br />
Symplocaceae<br />
Symplocos paniculata (Thunb.) Miq.<br />
Tamaricaceae<br />
Myrtus ch<strong>in</strong>ensis Lour.; Prunus paniculata<br />
Thunb.; Symplocos ch<strong>in</strong>ensis (Lour.) Druce<br />
American bladdernut<br />
storax family<br />
Carol<strong>in</strong>a silverbell<br />
sweetleaf family<br />
Asiatic sweetleaf<br />
tamarisk family<br />
Tamarix parviflora DC. Tamarix tetrandra , of authors not Pallas small-flowered tamarisk<br />
Theophrastaceae<br />
<strong>the</strong>ophrasta family<br />
Samolus valerandi L. ssp. parviflorus<br />
(Raf.) Hultén<br />
Thymelaeaceae<br />
Daphne cneorum L.<br />
Samolus floribundus<br />
parviflorus Raf.<br />
Kunth; Samolus<br />
seaside brookweed<br />
mezereum family<br />
rose daphne
Daphne mezereum L.<br />
Dirca palustris L.<br />
Tropaeolaceae<br />
Tropaeolum majus L.<br />
Ulmaceae<br />
February daphne<br />
eastern lea<strong>the</strong>rwood<br />
nasturtium family<br />
garden-nasturtium<br />
elm family<br />
Ulmus americana L.<br />
American elm<br />
Ulmus glabra Huds.<br />
Scotch elm<br />
Ulmus procera Salisb. Ulmus campestris L., <strong>in</strong> part; Ulmus m<strong>in</strong>or , of English elm<br />
authors not P. Mill.<br />
Ulmus parvifolia Jacq.<br />
Ch<strong>in</strong>ese elm<br />
Ulmus pumila L.<br />
Siberian elm<br />
Ulmus rubra Muhl. Ulmus fulva Michx. slippery elm<br />
Ulmus thomasii Sarg.<br />
rock elm<br />
Urticaceae<br />
nettle family<br />
Boehmeria cyl<strong>in</strong>drica (L.) Sw. Urtica cyl<strong>in</strong>drica L. small-spiked false nettle<br />
Laportea canadensis (L.) Weddell Urtica canadensis L.; Urticastrum<br />
Canada wood-nettle<br />
divaricatum (L.) Kuntze<br />
Parietaria judaica L.<br />
spread<strong>in</strong>g pellitory<br />
Parietaria pensylvanica Muhl. ex Parietaria obtusa Rydb. ex Small; Parietaria Pennsylvania pellitory<br />
Willd.<br />
occidentalis Rydb.; Parietaria pensylvanica<br />
var. obtusa (Rydb. ex Small) Sh<strong>in</strong>ners<br />
Pilea fontana (Lunell) Rydb. Adicea fontana Lunell; Pilea opaca (Lunnell) lesser clearweed<br />
Rydb.<br />
Pilea pumila (L.) Gray var. pumila Adicea pumila (L.) Raf.; Urtica pumila L. Canada clearweed<br />
Urtica dioica L. ssp. dioica Urtica gracilis Ait. var. latifolia Farw. st<strong>in</strong>g<strong>in</strong>g nettle<br />
Urtica dioica L. ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Urtica dioica var. angustifolia Schlecht.; st<strong>in</strong>g<strong>in</strong>g nettle<br />
Seland.<br />
Urtica dioica var. gracilis (Ait.) C.L. Hitchc.;<br />
Urtica dioica var. procera (Muhl. ex Willd.)<br />
Weddell; Urtica gracilis Ait.; Urtica procera<br />
Urtica urens L.<br />
Verbenaceae<br />
Muhl ex Willd ; Urtica viridis<br />
Rydb<br />
Glandularia canadensis (L.) Nutt. Glandularia drummondii (L<strong>in</strong>dl.) Small;<br />
Glandularia lambertii (Sims) Small; Verbena<br />
canadensis (L.) Britt.; Verbena canadensis (L.)<br />
Britt. var. lambertii (Sims) Thellung; Verbena<br />
burn<strong>in</strong>g nettle<br />
verbena family<br />
rose mock-verva<strong>in</strong><br />
lambertii Sims<br />
Verbena ×blanchardii Moldenke Verbena hastata × V. simplex<br />
Verbena bracteata Lag. & Rodr. Verbena bracteosa Michx. prostrate verva<strong>in</strong><br />
Verbena ×engelmannii Moldenke Verbena hastata × V. urticifolia<br />
Verbena hastata L. var. hastata<br />
blue verva<strong>in</strong><br />
Verbena hispida (Ruiz & Pavón) Ruiz Glandularia hispida Ruiz & Pavón hairy mock-verva<strong>in</strong><br />
& Pavón<br />
Verbena <strong>in</strong>compta P.W. Michael Verbena bonariensis , of authors not L., common clasp<strong>in</strong>g verva<strong>in</strong><br />
Verbena bonariensis L. var. brevibracteata<br />
Kuntze<br />
Verbena offic<strong>in</strong>alis L.<br />
European verva<strong>in</strong>
Verbena ×rydbergii Moldenke Verbena hastata × V. stricta ; Verbena<br />
×paniculatistricata Engelm.<br />
Verbena simplex Leym. Verbena angustifolia Michx. narrow-leaved verva<strong>in</strong><br />
Verbena stricta Vent.<br />
hoary verva<strong>in</strong><br />
Verbena urticifolia L. var. leiocarpa<br />
white verva<strong>in</strong><br />
Perry & Fern<br />
Verbena urticifolia L. var. urticifolia Verbena urticifolia var. <strong>in</strong>carnata (Raf.) white verva<strong>in</strong><br />
Moldenke; Verbena urticifolia var. simplex<br />
Farw.<br />
Violaceae<br />
violet family<br />
Hybanthus concolor (T.F. Forst.) Cubelium concolor (T.F. Forst.) Raf.; Viola green-violet<br />
Spreng.<br />
concolor T.F. Forst.<br />
Viola adunca Sm. var. adunca Viola arenaria DC., <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> sense of early hook-spurred violet<br />
American authors; Viola aduncoides A. & D.<br />
Löve; Viola subvestita Greene<br />
Viola adunca × V. labradorica<br />
Viola aff<strong>in</strong>is Le Conte Viola latiuscula Greene; Viola sororia ssp. Le Conte's violet<br />
aff<strong>in</strong>is (Le Conte) R.J. Little; Viola sororia var.<br />
aff<strong>in</strong>is (Le Conte) McK<strong>in</strong>ney<br />
Viola arvensis Murr. Viola tricolor var. arvensis (Murr.) Boiss. European field violet<br />
Viola blanda Willd. var. blanda<br />
sweet white violet<br />
Viola blanda Willd. var.<br />
Viola <strong>in</strong>cognita Bra<strong>in</strong>erd; Viola <strong>in</strong>cognita sweet white violet<br />
palustriformis Gray<br />
Bra<strong>in</strong>erd var. forbesii Bra<strong>in</strong>erd<br />
Viola ×bissellii House<br />
Viola cucullata × V. sororia ; V. ×conturbita<br />
House<br />
Viola brittoniana Pollard Viola atlantica Britt.; Viola pedatifida G. Don coast violet<br />
ssp. brittoniana (Pollard) McK<strong>in</strong>ney<br />
Viola brittoniana × V. lanceolata<br />
Viola brittoniana × V. pect<strong>in</strong>ata<br />
Viola canadensis L. var. canadensis<br />
Canada white violet<br />
Viola ×conjugens Greene Viola sagittata var. ovata × V. sagittata var.<br />
sagittata<br />
Viola ×consocia House<br />
Viola aff<strong>in</strong>is × V. cucullata<br />
Viola ×convicta House Viola sagittata var. ovata × V. subs<strong>in</strong>uata<br />
Viola cucullata Ait.<br />
Viola cucullata var. microtitis Bra<strong>in</strong>erd; Viola blue marsh violet<br />
obliqua Hill<br />
Viola ×eclipes H.E. Ballard Viola labradorica × V. striata<br />
Viola ×fernaldii House Viola sagittata var. ovata × V. sororia ; Viola<br />
×parca House<br />
Viola ×filicetorum Greene<br />
Viola aff<strong>in</strong>is × V. sororia ; Viola<br />
×champla<strong>in</strong>ensis House; Viola ×columbiana<br />
House<br />
Viola ×greenmanii House Viola cullulata × V. palmata<br />
Viola hirsutula Bra<strong>in</strong>erd<br />
sou<strong>the</strong>rn woodland violet<br />
Viola ×hollickii House<br />
Viola aff<strong>in</strong>is × V. sagittata var. ovata<br />
Viola ×<strong>in</strong>sessa House<br />
Viola cucullata × V. nephrophylla<br />
Viola ×<strong>in</strong>solita House Viola brittoniana × V. sororia<br />
Viola japonica Langsd. ex G<strong>in</strong>g.<br />
Japanese violet
Viola labradorica Schrank<br />
Viola adunca var. m<strong>in</strong>or (Hook.) Fern.; Viola<br />
conspersa Reichenb.<br />
Viola lanceolata L. ssp. lanceolata<br />
Viola ×malteana House Viola labradorica × V. rostrata<br />
Viola ×mulfordae Pollard Viola brittoniana × V. sagittata var. ovata<br />
Viola ×napae House Viola nephrophylla × V. sororia<br />
Viola nephrophylla Greene<br />
Viola ×notabilis Bickn. Viola brittoniana × V. cucullata<br />
Viola novae-angliae House<br />
Viola sororia var. novae-angliae (House)<br />
McK<strong>in</strong>ney<br />
Viola odorata L.<br />
Viola pallens (Banks ex DC.) Viola macloskeyi Lloyd ssp. pallens (Banks ex<br />
Bra<strong>in</strong>erd<br />
DC.) M.S. Baker; Viola rotundifolia var.<br />
pallens Banks ex DC.<br />
Viola palmata L.<br />
Viola palmata var. dilatata Ell.; Viola triloba<br />
Schwe<strong>in</strong>.<br />
Viola palustris L. var. palustris<br />
Viola pect<strong>in</strong>ata Bickn. Viola brittoniana var. pect<strong>in</strong>ata (Bickn.)<br />
Alexander<br />
Viola pedata L.<br />
Viola pedata var. concolor Holm ex Bra<strong>in</strong>erd;<br />
Viola pedata var. l<strong>in</strong>eariloba DC.<br />
Viola ×populifolia Greene<br />
Viola palmata × V. sororia<br />
Viola ×porteriana Pollard<br />
Viola cucullata × V. sagittata var. ovata<br />
Viola primulifolia L. Viola primulifolia var. acuta (Bigelow) Torr. &<br />
Gray<br />
Viola pubescens Ait. var. pubescens Viola eriocarpon (Nutt.) Schwe<strong>in</strong>.; Viola<br />
pensylvanica Michx.; Viola pubescens var.<br />
Viola pubescens Ait. var.<br />
scabriuscula Torr. & Gray<br />
eriocarpon Nutt.<br />
Viola eriocarpon (Nutt.) Schwe<strong>in</strong>. var.<br />
leiocarpon Fern. & Wieg.; Viola pensylvanica<br />
Michx. var. leiocarpon (Fern. & Wieg.) Fern.<br />
Viola pubescens var. leiocarpon (Fern. &<br />
American dog violet<br />
lance-leaved violet<br />
nor<strong>the</strong>rn bog violet<br />
New England violet<br />
English violet<br />
smooth white violet<br />
wood violet<br />
nor<strong>the</strong>rn marsh violet<br />
pect<strong>in</strong>ate-leaved violet<br />
bird-foot violet<br />
primrose-leaved violet<br />
yellow forest violet<br />
yellow forest violet<br />
Wieg ) Seymour<br />
Viola renifolia Gray Viola renifolia var. bra<strong>in</strong>erdii (Greene) Fern. kidney-leaved violet<br />
Viola ×rob<strong>in</strong>soniana House Viola palmata × V. sagittata var. ovata<br />
Viola rostrata Pursh<br />
long-spurred violet<br />
Viola rotundifolia Michx. Viola clandest<strong>in</strong>a Pursh round-leaved violet<br />
Viola ×ryoniae House<br />
Viola cucullata × V. subs<strong>in</strong>uata<br />
Viola sagittata Ait. var. ovata (Nutt.) Viola fimbriatula Sm. arrowhead violet<br />
Torr. & Gray<br />
Viola sagittata Ait. var. sagittata Viola emarg<strong>in</strong>ata (Nutt.) Le Conte; Viola arrowhead violet<br />
emarg<strong>in</strong>ata (Nutt.) Le Conte var. acutiloba<br />
Bra<strong>in</strong>erd; Viola sagittata var. subsagittata<br />
(Greene) Pollard<br />
Viola selkirkii Pursh ex Goldie<br />
Viola sororia Willd. Viola floridana Bra<strong>in</strong>erd; Viola latiuscula<br />
Greene; Viola palmata var. sororia (Willd.)<br />
Pollard; Viola septentrionalis Greene<br />
Viola sororia × V. subs<strong>in</strong>uata<br />
great-spurred violet<br />
woolly blue violet
Viola striata Ait.<br />
striped cream violet<br />
Viola ×subaff<strong>in</strong>is House<br />
Viola aff<strong>in</strong>is × V. nephrophylla<br />
Viola subs<strong>in</strong>uata Greene Viola palmata , of authors not L. early blue violet<br />
Viola tricolor L.<br />
garden violet<br />
Viola ×variabilis Greene<br />
Viola palmata × V. subs<strong>in</strong>uata<br />
Viscaceae<br />
Christmas-mistletoe<br />
family<br />
Arceuthobium pusillum Peck Razoumofskya pusilla (Peck) Kuntze dwarf mistletoe<br />
Vitaceae<br />
grape family<br />
Ampelopsis cordata Michx. Cissus ampelopsis Pers. heart-leaved pepperv<strong>in</strong>e<br />
Ampelopsis glandulosa (Wallich) Ampelopsis brevipedunculata (Maxim.) Trautv.; Amur pepperv<strong>in</strong>e<br />
Momiy. var. brevipedunculata Ampelopsis heterophylla (Thunb.) Sieb. & Zucc.<br />
(Maxim.) Momiy.<br />
var. amurensis Planch.; Ampelopsis<br />
heterophylla (Thunb.) Sieb. & Zucc. var.<br />
brevipedunculata C.L. Li; Cissus<br />
brevipedunculata Maxim.; Vitis<br />
Par<strong>the</strong>nocissus <strong>in</strong>serta (Kerner)<br />
Fritsch<br />
Par<strong>the</strong>nocissus qu<strong>in</strong>quefolia (L.)<br />
Planch.<br />
b i d l t (Maxim ) Dippel<br />
Ampelopsis qu<strong>in</strong>quefolia (L.) Michx. var.<br />
vitacea Knerr; Par<strong>the</strong>nocissus vitacea (Knerr)<br />
A.S. Hitchc.; Psedera vitacea (Knerr) Greene<br />
Hedera qu<strong>in</strong>quefolia L.; Ampelopsis<br />
qu<strong>in</strong>quefolia (L.) Michx.; Par<strong>the</strong>nocissus<br />
qu<strong>in</strong>quefolia var. hirsuta (Pursh) Planch.;<br />
Psedera qu<strong>in</strong>quefolia (L.) Greene; Vitis<br />
thicket-creeper<br />
Virg<strong>in</strong>ia-creeper<br />
qu<strong>in</strong>quefolia (L ) Lam<br />
Par<strong>the</strong>nocissus tricuspidata (Sieb. & Ampelopsis tricuspidata Sieb. & Zucc. Boston-ivy<br />
Zucc.) Planch.<br />
Vitis aestivalis Michx. var. aestivalis Vitis l<strong>in</strong>cecumii Buckl. var. glauca Munson summer grape<br />
Vitis aestivalis Michx. var. bicolor Vitis aestivalis var. argentifolia (Munson) summer grape<br />
Deam<br />
Fern.; Vitis argentifolia Munson; Vitis bicolor<br />
Le Conte; Vitis lecontiana House<br />
Vitis labrusca L. Vitis labrusca var. subedentata Fern. fox grape<br />
Vitis ×novae -angliae Fern.<br />
Vitis labrusca × V. riparia<br />
Vitis palmata Vahl Vitis rubra Michx. catbird grape<br />
Vitis riparia Michx.<br />
Vitis riparia var. praecox Engelm. ex Bailey; river grape<br />
Vitis riparia var. syrticola (Fern. & Wieg.)<br />
Fern.; Vitis vulp<strong>in</strong>a ssp. riparia (Michx.)<br />
Clausen; Vitis vulp<strong>in</strong>a var. praecox (Engelm. ex<br />
Bailey) Bailey; Vitis vulp<strong>in</strong>a var. syrticola<br />
Fern & Wieg<br />
Vitis v<strong>in</strong>ifera L.<br />
European grape<br />
Vitis vulp<strong>in</strong>a L. Vitis cordifolia Michx. frost grape<br />
Zygophyllaceae<br />
creosote bush family<br />
Tribulus terrestris L.<br />
puncture-v<strong>in</strong>e