IIIB．百合亞綱 Liliidae 325. 黃花絨葉草科 Limnocharitaceae 326. 澤 ...

325. 黃花絨葉草科 

Limnocharitaceae 

黃花絨葉草屬 Limnocharis Bonpl. 

黃花絨葉草 Yellow Velvetleaf 

*Limnocharis flava (L.) Buch. 

Hab.: Aquatic herb. 

Loc.: Sha Tin. 

Dist.: Native to tropical America. 

Uses: Edible, forage. 

326. 澤瀉科 Alismataceae 

澤瀉屬 Alisma L. 

澤瀉 Plantago-aquatica 

†*Alisma plantago-aquatica L. 

Hab.: Aquatic herb. Flowering & fruiting: 

May-Oct. 


Dist.: NE to NW China, Yunnan. Widely 

distributed in N temperate regions. 

Uses: Ornamental. 

慈姑屬 Sagittaria L. 

冠果草 Cockscomb-fruited Arrowhead 

Sagittaria guyanensis subsp. lappula (D. Don) 

Bojin [Lophotocarpus guyanensis (H. B. 

& K.) Smith] 


May-Nov. 

Loc.: Sha Tin, Fanling, Lantau Island. In ponds, 

paddy fields and marshes. 

Dist.: SW to SE China. S & SE Asia, tropical 

Africa. 

慈姑 Chinese Arrow-head 

Sagittaria sagittifolia subsp. leucopetala 

(Miq.) Hartog [Sagittaria trifolia L.; 

Sagittaria trifolia var. sinense (Sims.) 

IIIB.百合亞綱 Liliidae 

291 

Makino] 


May-Oct. 

Loc.: Cultivated. In ponds, paddy fields and 

marshes. 

Dist.: Widely distributed in Asia. 

Uses: Edible. 

327. 水鼈科 Hydrocharitaceae 

水篩屬 Blyxa Noronha 

無尾水篩 Aubert’s Blyxa 

Blyxa aubertii Rich. [Blyxa octandra auct. 

non (Roxb.) Planch ex Thwaites: Check 

List HK Pl. 1993.] 

Hab.: Submerged herb. Flowering & fruiting: 

May-Sept. 

Loc.: Kwun Tong, Sai Keng, Tai O. In paddy 

fields and ditches. 

Dist.: Sichuan, Guangxi, Hainan, Guangdong, 

Hunan, Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Taiwan. 

Madagascar, India, Malaysia, Australia. 

水篩 Japanese Blyxa 

Blyxa japonica (Miq.) Maxim. ex Asch. & 

Gürke 


May-Oct. 

Loc.: New Territories (Pat Heung). In paddy 

fields, ponds and rivers. 

Dist.: NE, E, C & S China to Sichuan. India, 

Bangaladesh, Malaysia, Korea, Japan, 

Europe. 

喜鹽草屬 Halophila Thou. 

貝克喜鹽草 Becar’s Halophila 

Halophila becarii Asch. 

Hab.: Marine herb. Flowering; May. 

Loc.: Tai Tam Bay, Sheung Pak Nai, Ha Pak

Nai. 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong, Taiwan. Tropical 

Asia. 

喜鹽草 Oval Halophila 

Halophila ovalis (R. Br.) Hook. f. (Halophila 

ovata auct. non Gaudich.: Check List 

HK Pl. 1993.) 

Hab.: Marine herb. Flowering: Nov.-Dec. 

Loc.: Tai Tam Bay, Ho Chung, Wu Shek Kok 

(Sha Tau Kok Sea), Tung Chung Pier. On 

shallow beaches. 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong, Taiwan. Red Sea, 

India Ocean, West Pacific Ocean. 

黑藻屬 Hydrilla Rich. 

黑藻 Water-weed 

*Hydrilla verticillata (L. f.) Royle 


May-Oct. 

Loc.: Cultivated. In fresh water. 

Dist.: Widely distributed in China. Asia and 

Europe. 

水車前屬 Ottelia Pers. 

水車前 Water Plantain 

Ottelia alismoides (L.) Pers. 

Hab.: Submerged herb. Flowering: Apr.-Oct. 

Loc.: Tai Po, Fanling, Lantau Island. In paddy 

fields, ponds and ditches. 

Dist.: Widely distributed in China. Africa, Asia, 

Australia. 

Uses: Forage. 

苦草屬 Vallisneria L. 

苦草 Eel Grass 

Vallisneria natans (Lour.) Hara (Vallisneria 

spiralis auct. non L.: Check List HK Pl. 

1993.) 

Hab.: Submerged herb. 

Loc.: Ho Chung. In ditches and ponds. 

292 

Dist.: Widely distributed in China. Tropical and 

subtropical Asia, Australia. 

328. 水蕹科 Aponogetonaceae 

水蕹屬 Aponogeton L. f. 

水蕹 Pond Weed 

Aponogeton lakhonensis A. Camus 

[Aponogeton natans auct. non (L.) Engl. 

& Krause: Check List HK Pl. 1993.] 

Hab.: Aquatic herb. Flowering: Apr.-Oct. 

Loc.: Tsuen Wan. In ponds, ditches or paddy 

fields. 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangxi, Guangdong, Jiangxi, 

Fujian, Zhejiang. India, Thailand, 

Indochina, Malaysia. 

331. 眼子菜科 

Potamogetonaceae 

眼子菜屬 Potamogeton L. 

小眼子菜 Baby Pondweed 

†Potamogeton pusilus L. 


May-Oct. 

Loc.: Mai Po. Floating in ponds and marshes. 

Dist.: Widely diatributed in China. Widely 

distributed in temperate regions of N 

hemisphere. 

332. 川蔓藻科 Ruppiaceae 

川蔓藻屬 Ruppia L. 

川蔓藻 Widgeon Grass 

Ruppia maritima L. 


Apr.-Jun. 

Loc.: Shek O. In marshes. 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong, Zhejiang, Taiwan. 

Temperate and subtropical sea area and 

salt lakes.

333. 茨藻科 Najadaceae 

茨藻屬 Najas L. 

小茨藻 

Najas minor All. 

Hab.: Submerged herb. 

Loc.: Sai Kung. In freshwater ponds. 

Dist.: S, NW & N China, Yunnan. S Europe. 

337. 大葉藻科 Zosteraceae 

大葉藻屬 Zostera L. 

矮大葉藻 Dwarf Eel Grass, Marine Eel 

Grass 

Zostera japonica Asch. & Graebn. (Zostera 

nana auct. non Roth: Check List HK Pl. 

1993.) 


Jun.-Sept. 

Loc.: Sheung Sze Wan, Tung Chung Pier, Lai 

Chi Wo. In sea. 

Dist.: Shandong, Hebei, Liaoning. Japan, 

Russia. 

339. 霉草科 Triuridaceae 

喜蔭草屬 Sciaphila Blume 

大柱霉草 Large Stylus Sciaphila 

†Sciaphila megastyla Fukuyama & Suzuki 

Hab.: Saprophytic herb. Flowering & fruiting: 

Aug. 

Loc.: Tai Mo Shan, Ma On Shan. On the litter 

layer in forests. 

Dist.: Taiwan. 

多枝霉草 Multi-branched Sciaphila 

†Sciaphila ramosa Fukuyama & Suzuki 

Hab.: Saprophytic herb. Flowering & fruiting: 

Aug. 

Loc.: Tai Mo Shan. On the litter layer in 

forests. 


293 

340. 棕櫚科 Arecaceae (Palmae) 

棕葵屬 Acoelorrhaphe H. Wendl. 

棕葵 Everglades Palm 

*Acoelorrhaphe wrightii (Griseb. & H. 

Wendl.) H. Wendl. ex Becc. [Paurotis 

wrightii (Griseb. & H. Wendl.) Britt.] 

Hab.: Shrub palm. 

Loc.: Cultivated. 

Dist.: Native to C America. 


假檳榔屬 Archontophoenix H. 

Wendl. 

假檳榔 Alexandra Palm, King Palm 

*Archontophoenix alexandrae (F. Muell.) H. 

Wendl. & Drude 

Hab.: Tree palm. 


Dist.: Yunnan, Guangxi, Hainan, Guangdong, 

Fujian, Taiwan (cultivated). Native to 

Australia, widely cultivated in the 

tropics. 


桄榔屬 Arenga Labill. 

山棕(白欖王) Arenga Palm 

*Arenga englerii Becc. 

Hab.: Tree. Flowering; May-Jun.; fruiting: 

Oct.-Dec. 


Dist.: Yunnan, Guangdong, Fujian, Taiwan 

(cultivated). Japan. 

桄榔 Gomuti Sugar Palm 

*Arenga pinnata (Wurmb.) Merr. 

Hab.: Tree. Flowering: Jun.; fruiting: two or 

three years after flowering. 


Dist.: Yunnan, Guangxi, Hainan, Guangdong. 

SE Asia.


省藤屬 Calamus L. 

大白藤 Faber’s Rattan Palm 

†Calamus faberii Becc. 

Hab.: Climbing palm. Fruiting: spring. 

Loc.: Bowen Rd. 

Dist.: Hainan. Vietnam. 

Uses: Weaving. 

澤生藤(省藤) Rattan Palm 

Calamus palustris Griff. (Calamus latifolius 

auct. non Roxb.: Check List HK Pl. 

1993.) 

Hab.: Climbing palm. Flowering: Apr.-May. 

Loc.: Happy Valley, Wan Chai Gap. In forests. 

Dist.: Yunnan, Guangxi. India, Myanmar, 

Thailand. 

白藤 Four-finger Rattan Palm 

Calamus tetradactylus Hance 

Hab.: Climbing palm. Flowering & fruiting: 

May-Jun. 

Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. In forests. 

Dist.: Guangxi, Hainan, Guangdong, Fujian. 

Vietnam. 


毛鱗省藤 Hairy-scale Rattan Palm 

Calamus thysanolepis Hance 

Hab.: Climbing palm. Flowering: Jun.-Jul.; 

fruiting: Sept.-Oct. 

Loc.: Aberdeen, Tai Mo Shan. In forests. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Fujian, Jiangxi, Zhejiang. 

多果省藤 Many-fruited Rattan Palm 

Calamus walkerii Hance 

Hab.: Climbing palm. Fruiting: Jul. 

Loc.: Happy Valley, Mount Parker. In forests. 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong. 

294 

魚尾葵屬 Caryota L. 

短穗魚尾葵(小魚尾葵) Small Fishtail Palm, 

Lesser Fishtail Palm 

*Caryota mitis Lour. 

Hab.: Small tree palm. Flowering: Apr.-Jun.; 

fruiting: Aug.-Nov. 


Dist.: Hainan, Guangxi. India, Myanmar, 

Vietnam, Malaysia, Indonesia, 

Philippines. 

Uses: Ornamental, starch (stem), edible. 

魚尾葵 Fishtail Palm 

*Caryota ochlandra Hance 

Hab.: Tree palm. Flowering: May-Jul.; fruiting: 

Aug.-Nov. 



Fujian. 


董棕 Wine Palm 

†*Caryota urens L. 

Hab.: Tree palm. Flowering: Jun.-Oct.; fruiting: 

May-Oct. 


Dist.: Guangxi, Yunnan. India, Myanmar, 

Indochina. 


散尾葵屬 Chrysalidocarpus H. 

Wendl. 

散尾葵 

*Chrysalidocarpus lutescens H. Wendl. 

Hab.: Shrub palm. Flowering: May. Fruiting: 

Aug. 


Dist.: S China (cultivated). Native to 

Madagascar. 

Uses: Ornamental.

椰子屬 Cocos L. 

椰子 Coconut Palm 

*Cocos nucifera L. 

Hab.: Tree palm. Flowering & fruiting: 

autumn. 


Dist.: Yunnan, Hainan, Guangdong, Taiwan. 

Uses: Edible, ornamental. 

黃藤屬 Daemonorops Blume 

黃藤(真白藤) Rattan Palm 

Daemonorops margaritae (Hance) Becc. 

Hab.: Climbing palm. Flowering: May. 

Fruiting: Jun.-Oct. 

Loc.: Victoria Peak, Tai Po, Wong Nai Chung. 

In forests. 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangxi, Guangdong. 

酒瓶椰子屬 Hyophorbe Gaertn. 

酒瓶椰子 Bottle Palm 

*Hyophorbe lagenicaulis (L. Bailey) H. 

Moore (Mascarena lagenicaulis L. 

Bailey) 



Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong (cultivated). Native 

to Mascarene Islands. 


軸櫚屬 Licuala Thunb. 

穗花軸櫚 

Licuala fordiana Becc. 

Hab.: Shrub palm. Flowering; May. 

Loc.: Mount Parker, Aberdeen. In forests. 


蒲葵屬 Livistona R. Br. 

蒲葵 Chinese Fan-palm 

*Livistona chinensis (Jacq.) R. Br. 

Hab.: Tree palm. Flowering & fruiting: Apr. 


295 

Dist.: S China. Indochina. 

Uses: Ornamental, weaving. 

刺葵屬 Phoenix L. 

加那利刺葵 Cannary Date Palm 

*Phoenix canariensis Chabaud 

Hab.: Tree palm. Flowering: Sept. 


Dist.: Native to Canary Islands. 


海棗(棗椰樹) Date Palm 

*Phoenix dactylifera L. 

Hab.: Tree palm. Flowering: Mar.-Apr.; fruiting: 

Sept.-Oct. 


Dist.: Yunnan, Guangxi, Guangdong, Fujian. 

Native to W Asia, N Africa. 

Uses: Edible (fruit), ornamental. 

刺葵 Spiny Date Palm 

Phoenix hanceana Naud. 

Hab.: Tree palm. Flowering: Apr.-May; fruiting: 

Jun.-Oct. 

Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. 


Taiwan. 


軟葉刺葵(日本葵) Dwarf Date Palm 

*Phoenix roebelenii O’Brien 

Hab.: Small tree palm. Flowering: Apr.-May; 

fruiting: Jun.-Sept. 


Dist.: Yunnan, Guangxi, Guangdong 

(cultivated). Myanmar, Vietnam, India. 


齒葉葵屬 Ptychosperma Labill. 

齒葉葵(麥氏葵) Hurricane Palm, 

MacArthur Palm

*Ptychosperma macarthuri Nichols. 



Dist.: Native to New Guinea. 


棕竹屬 Rhapis L. f. ex Ait. 

棕竹 Lady Palm 

Rhapis excelsa (Thunb.) Henry ex Rehd. 

Hab.: Shrub palm. Flowering: Jun.-Sept. 

Loc.: Hong Kong Island, Tai Mo Shan, Ng 

Tung Chai, Lamma Island. 

Dist.: S & SW China. Japan. 


細棕竹 Slender Palm 

†*Rhapis gracilis Burret 

Hab.: Shrub palm. Flowering: Jul.-Aug. 


Dist.: Guangxi, Hainan, Guangdong. 


王棕屬 Roystonea O. F. Cook 

菜王棕(南美王棕) South American Royal 

Palm 

*Roystonea oleracea (Jacq.) O. F. Cook 



Dist.: S China (cultivated). Native to tropical 

America. 

Uses: Ornamental, edible. 

王棕 Royal Palm 

*Roystonea regia (Kunth) O. F. Cook 

Hab.: Tree palm. Flowering: Mar.-Apr.; fruiting: 

Oct. 


Dist.: S China. Cultivated in tropical regions. 

Native to Cuba. 


金山葵屬 Syagrus Mart. 

金山葵(皇后葵)Queen Palm 

*Syagrus romanzoffiana (Cham.) Glassm. 

[Arecastrum romanzoffianum (Cham.) 

Becc.] 

Hab.: Tree palm. Flowering: Feb.; fruiting: 

Nov. 


Dist.: S China (cultivated). Native to Brazil. 


棕櫚屬 Trachycarpus H. Wendl. 

棕櫚 Windmill Palm 

*Trachycarpus fortunei (Hook.) H. Wendl. 

Hab.: Tree palm. Flowering: Apr.; fruiting: 

Dec. 


Dist.: Areas S of Changjiang River. Japan. 

Uses: Fiber, ornamental. 

絲葵屬 Washingtonia H. Wendl. 

大絲葵(華盛頓葵) Petticoat Palm, Mexican 

Fan Palm 

*Washingtonia robusta H. Wendl. 



Dist.: S China (cultivated). Native to Mexico. 


342. 露兜樹科 Pandanaceae 

露兜樹屬 Pandanus Parkins. 

簕古子(露兜簕) False Pineapple 

Pandanus forceps Mart. 

Hab.: Shrub or small tree. Flowering: May-Jun. 

Loc.: Tai Tam, Tai Mo Shan. Near seashore in 

forests or cultivated. 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong. Vietnam. 

Uses: Hedges. 

分叉露兜( 角 ) Furcate Screw Pine 

Pandanus furcatus Roxb. 

296

Hab.: Tree. Flowering: Aug. 

Loc.: Hong Kong Island, Tai Mo Shan, Lantau 

Island. In forests. 

Dist.: Xizang, Yunnan, Guangxi, Guangdong. 

Sikkim to Indochina. 

Uses: Hedges. 

花葉露兜 

*Pandanus sanderii Hort. Sand. 

Hab.: Tree. Flowering: Jun. 


Dist.: Native to Moluccas, Polynesia. 


露兜樹 Pandanus, Screw Pine 

Pandanus tectorius Sol. (Pandanus remotus H. 

John) 

Hab.: Shrub or small tree. Flowering: 

Jan.-May. 

Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. On sandy 

beaches or cultivated. 

Dist.: Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi, Hainan, 

Guangdong, Fujian, Taiwan. Tropical 

Asia to Australia. 

Uses: Weaving, medicinal, hedges. 

馬達加斯加露兜 Common Screw Pine 

*Pandanus utilis Bory 

Hab.: Tree. Flowering: Jul. 


Dist.: Native to Madagascar, cultivated in 

tropical regions. 

343. 菖蒲科 Acoraceae 

菖蒲屬 Acorus L. 

金錢蒲 Grass-leaved Sweet Flag 

Acorus gramineus Soland. 

Hab.: Perennial herb. Flowering: May-Jun.; 

fruiting: Jul.-Aug. 

Loc.: Tai Mo Shan, Tai Po Kau, Ha Hang. On 

297 

wet places and rocks near water. 

Dist.: Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Hubei, Hunan, 

Guangdong, Guangxi, Shaanxi, Gansu, 

Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, Xizang. 

Uses: Medicinal (rhizome). 

石菖蒲 

†Acorus tatarinowii Schott 

Hab.: Perennial herb. Flowering & fruiting: 

Feb.-Jun. 

Loc.: Repulse Bay, Deep Water Bay, Tai Po, Ha 

Hang. On wet places and rocks near 

water. 

Dist.: Area south of Yellow River. NE India to 

N Thailand. 

Uses: Medicinal. 

344. 天南星科 Araceae 

廣東萬年青屬 Aglaonema Schott 

廣東萬年青 Chinese Evergreen 

*Aglaonema modestum Schott ex Engl. 

Hab.: Perennial herb. Flowering: May. Fruiting: 

Oct.-Nov. 


Dist.: Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan. Vietnam, 

Philippines. 


海芋屬 Alocasia (Schott) G. Don 

尖尾芋 Chinese Taro 

Alocasia cucullata (Lour.) Schott 

HabitPerennial erect herb. Flowering; May. 

Loc.: Happy Valley, Victoria Peak, Sha Tin, Tai 

Mong Tsai, Sai Keng, Nam Chung, Luk 

Keng. In farmland, on wet places along 

streams or cultivated. 

Dist.: Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangxi, Guangdong, 

Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan. Bangaladesh, 

Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Thailand. 

Uses: Medicinal.

海芋 Giant Alocasia 

Alocasia macrorrhiza (L.) Schott 

Hab.: Perennial herb. 


Dist.: Jiangxi, Fujian, Taiwan, Hunan, 

Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou, 

Yunnan. Bangaladesh, India, Malay 

Peninsula, 

Indonesia. 

Indochina, Philippines, 

Uses: Medicinal, ornamental. 

魔芋屬 Amorphophallus Blume ex 

Decne. 

南蛇棒 (鄧氏蒟蒻) Dunn’s Amorphophallus 

Amorphophallus dunnii Tutcher 

Hab.: Perennial herb. Flowering: Mar.-Apr.; 

fruiting: Jul.-Aug. 

Loc.: Mount Parker, Ng Tung Chai, Lantau 


Dist.: Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, 

Yunnan. 

野魔芋 (鞋棒芋) Snake Aroid 

Amorphophallus variabilis Blume 

Hab.: Perennial herb. Flowering: Jul. 

Loc.: Victoria Peak, Shing Mun, Tai Mo Shan, 

Lantau Island. In wet places of thin 

forests. 

Dist.: Jiangxi, Fujian, Guangdong. Indonesia, 

Philippines. 

花燭屬 Anthurium Schott 

花燭 Flamingo-lily, Oil-cloth Flower 

*Anthurium andraeanum Linden 

Hab.: Herb. 


Dist.: Tropical America. 


水晶花燭 Crystalline Anthurium 

*Anthurium crystallinum Linden & André 

Hab.: Herb. 




火鶴花 Flamingo Flower 

†*Anthurium scherzerianum Schott 

Hab.: Herb. 




天南星屬 Arisaema Mart. 

心簷南星 Heart-leaved Arisaema 

Arisaema cordatum N. E. Br. 

Hab.: Slender herb. Flowering: Apr. 

Loc.: Tai Mo Shan, Sunset Peak. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Guangxi. 

一把傘南星 Dragon Arum 

Arisaema erubescens (Wall.) Schott 

(Arisaema consanguineum Schott) 

Hab.: Erect herb. 

Loc.: Sunset Peak, Lantau Peak. In forests and 

thickets, on grassy slopes. 

Dist.: Inner Mongolia, Heilongjiang, Jilin, 

Liaoning, Shandong, Jiangsu, Xinjiang. 

India, Nepal, Sikkim, Myanmar, 

Thailand. 


異葉天南星 

Arisaema heterophyllum Blume 

Hab.: Erect herb. Flowering: Apr.-May; 

fruiting: Jul.-Sept. 

Loc.: Sunset Peak. In forests and thickets. 

Dist.: Widey distributed in China except NW 

region and Xizang. Japan, Korea. 


畫筆南星 Brush Arisaema 

298

Arisaema penicillatum N. E. Br. 


Apr.-Jun. 

Loc.: Victoria Peak, Ma On Shan, Castle Peak. 

In dense forests. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan. 

五彩芋屬 Caladium Vent. 

五彩芋 Common Caladium 

*Caladium bicolor (Aiton) Vent. 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering: Apr. 


Dist.: Guangdong, Fujian, Yunnan, Taiwan 

(cultivated). Native to Amazon Basin in 

S America. 


芋屬 Colocasia Schott 

芋 Taro 

Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott (Colocasia 

antiquorum Schott) 

Hab.: Herb. 

Loc.: Cultivated or wild. 

Dist.: Areas S of Changjiang River. Widely 

cultivated in the tropics. 

Uses: Edible. 

花葉萬年青屬 Dieffenbachia Schott 

花葉萬年青 Dieffenbachia 

*Dieffenbachia sequine (Jacq.) Schott 

(Dieffenbachia picta Schott) 

Hab.: Subshrubby herb. 


Dist.: S America. 



Dist.: Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, 

Hainan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Taiwan 

& Yunnan. Widely cultivated & 

naturalized in Asian tropics. Native to 

Solomon Islands. 


麒麟葉 Taro Vine, Centipede Tongavine, 

Golden Pothos 

*Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl. 

[Epipremnum aureum (Linden & Andre) 

Bunting] 

Hab.: Vine. Flowering: Apr.-May. 

Loc.: New Territories. On trees and rocks. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, Taiwan, 

Fujian. India, Malay Peninsula, 

Philippines, Pacific Islands. 


刺芋屬 Lasia Lour. 

刺芋 Lasia, Spiny Taro 

*Lasia spinosa (L.) Thwaites 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering: Sept.; fruiting: Feb. 


Dist.: Yunnan, Guangxi, Guangdong, Taiwan. 

Sikkim, Bangaladesh, India, Myanmar, 

Thailand, Indochina, Malaysia. 

Uses: Vegetable, medicinal. 

龜背竹屬 Monstera Adans. 

龜背竹 Ceriman 

*Monstera deliciosa Liebm. ex Endl. 

Hab.: Climbing shrub. Flowering: Aug.-Sept. 


Dist.: Fujian, Guangdong, Yunnan (cultivated). 

麒麟葉屬 Epipremnum Schott 

Native to Mexico. 

綠蘿(芋葉藤) Ivy-arum 

Uses: Ornamental, edible. 

Epipremnum aureum (Linden & André) G.S. 喜林芋屬(喜樹蕉屬) Philodendron 

Bunting [Scindapsus aureus (Linden & 

Schott 

André) Engl. & K. Krause] 

Hab.: Tall climbing plant. 

299 

裂葉喜樹蕉 Dissected-leaf Philodendron

*Philodendron bipinnatifidum Schott ex 

Endl. 

Hab.: Climbing herb. 




心葉喜樹蕉 Heart-leaved Philodendron 

*Philodendron cordatum (Vell.) Kunth 





琴葉喜樹蕉 Fiddle-leaved Philodendron 

*Philodendron panduraeforme Kunth 





鱗葉喜樹蕉 Scale-leaved Philodendron 

*Philodendron squamiferum Poepp. & Endl. 





半夏屬 Pinellia Tenore 

半夏 Pinellia 

†Pinellia ternata (Thunb.) Makino 

Hab.: Erect herb. Flowering: May-Jul.; fruiting: 

Aug. 

Loc.: Mount Violet. In grassland, farmland and 

thin forests. 

Dist.: Widely distributed in China except Inner 

Mongolia, Xinjiang, Xizang, Qinghai. 

Korea, Japan. 


狹葉半夏 Ternate Pinellia 

300 

†Pinella ternata f. angustata (Schott) Makino 

Hab.: Erect herb. 

Loc.: Lantau Island. 

大薸屬 Pistia L. 

大薸 Water Lettuce 

Pistia stratiotes L. 

Hab.: Floating aquatic herb. Flowering: 

May-Nov. 

Loc.: Sha Tin, Sai Kung. Prefer hot, humid 

environment, in ponds and ditches. 

Dist.: Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Taiwan, 

Yunnan, Hunan, Hubei, Jiangsu, 

Zhejiang, Anhui, Shandong, Sichuan. 

Widely distributed in tropical and 

subtropical regions. 

Uses: Forage, medicinal. 

石柑屬 Pothos L. 

石柑 Rock Vine 

Pothos chinensis (Raf.) Merr. 

Hab.: Climbing herb. Flowering & fruiting: all 

year round. 

Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. On trees and 

rocks in forests. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Yunnan, 

Sichuan, Taiwan. Vietnam, Laos, 

Thailand. 


崖角藤屬 Rhaphidophora Hassk. 

獅子尾 (崖角藤) Hong Kong Taro-vine 

Rhaphidophora hongkongensis Schott 

Hab.: Climbing herb. Flowering: Apr.-Aug.; 

fruiting: the following year. 

Loc.: Hong Kong Island, Tai Mo Shan, Ng 

Tung Chai, Ma On Shan, Bride’s Pool, 

Castle Peak, Lantau Island. On trees and 



Yunnan. Myanmar, Laos, Vietnam,

Thailand, Kalimantan. 

Uses: Medicinal (whole plant). 

白鶴芋屬 Spathiphyllum Schott 

白鶴芋 Snow Flower 

†*Spathiphyllum floribundum (Linden & 

André) N. E. Br. 

Hab.: Herb. 


Dist.: Native to S America, cultivated in 



合果芋屬 Syngonium Schott 

長耳合果芋 Syngonium 

*Syngonium auritum (L.) Schott 

Hab.: Herb. 




合果芋 African Evergreen 

*Syngonium podophyllum Schott 

Hab.: Herb. 


Dist.: Mexico. 


犁頭尖屬 Typhonium Schott 

犁頭尖(山半夏) Divaricate Typhonium 

Typhonium blumei Nicols. & Sivadasan 

[Typhonium divaricatum (L.) Decne.] 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering: May-Jul. 

Loc.: Magazine Gap, Pok Fu Lam. 

Dist.: Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Hunan, 

Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan. 

India, Myanmar, Thailand to Indonesia, 

Timor, Japan. 


鞭簷犁頭尖 Flagelliform Typhonium 

301 

†*Typhonium flagelliforme (Lodd.) Blume 

Hab.: Perennial herb. Flowering: Apr.-May. 



Bangaladesh, India, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, 

Indochina, Malay Peninsula, Indonesia, 

Timor, Philippines. 


馬蹄犁頭尖 Trilobed Typhonium 

†*Typhonium trilobatum (L.) Schott 

Hab.: Perennial herb. Flowering: May-Jul. 



Bangaladesh, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, 

Vietnam, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, 

Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia. 


馬蹄蓮屬 Zantedeschia Engl. 

馬蹄蓮 Calla Lily 

*Zantedeschia aethiopica (L.) Spreng 

Hab.: Perennial herb. Flowering: Feb.-Mar.; 

fruiting: Aug.-Sept. 


Dist.: Widely cultivated in tropical regions. NE 

& S Africa. 


345. 浮萍科 Lemnaceae 

浮萍屬 Lemna L. 

青萍 Lesser Duck-weed 

Lemna minor L. 

Hab.: Floating small herb. 

Loc.: New Territories. In ponds and paddy 

fields. 

Dist.: Widely distributed in the world. 

Uses: Forage, medicinal.

紫萍屬 Spirodela Schleiden 

紫萍(浮萍) Greater Duck-weed 

Spirodela polyrrhiza (L.) Schleiden 


Loc.: New Territories. In paddy fields and 

ditches. 

Dist.: Widely distributed in China. Temperate 

to tropical regions. 


微萍屬 Wolffia Horkel ex Schleid. 

微萍 Rootless Wolffia, Water-meal 

Wolffia arrhiza (L.) Wimm. 


Loc.: New Territories. In ponds. 

Dist.: SE China. Tropical and temperate 

regions. 

Uses: Forage. 

347. 黃眼草科 Xyridaceae 

黃眼草屬 Xyris L. 

黃穀精 Chinese Onion Grass 

Xyris capensis var. schoenoides (Mart.) 

Nilsson (Xyris bancana auct. non Miq.: 

Check List HK Pl. 1993.) 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering: Jul.-Nov. 

Loc.: Kowloon Peak, Shing Mun, Tai Lam 

Chung. In wet places. 

Dist.: Hainan. 

黃眼草 Yellow Eye Grass 

Xyris indica L. 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering: Oct. 

Loc.: Fanling. In wet places. 

Dist.: S China. Indochina, Malay Peninsula, 

Indonesia, Philippines, Australia. 

蔥草 Onion Grass 

Xyris pauciflora Willd. 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering: Oct.-Nov. 

302 

Loc.: Lan Nai Wan, Tai Po, Fanling, Sheung 

Shui, Lantau Island. 

Dist.: SE to S China. Tropical Asia, Australia. 

349. 鴨跖草科 Commelinaceae 

鞘苞花屬 Amischophacelus R. Rao 

& Kamm. 

鞘苞花 Common Amischophacelus 

Amischophacelus axillaris (L.) R. Rao & 

Kamm. [Cyanotis axillaris (L.) Roem. & 

Schult.] 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering: spring and autumn. 

Loc.: Tai Au Mun. On moist sandy soil. 

Dist.: Hainan. Tropical Asia. 

穿鞘花屬 Amischotolype Hassk. 

穿鞘花 Hispid Amischotolype 

Amischotolype hispida (Less. & A. Rich.) 

Hong (Forrestia chinensis N. E. Br.) 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering: Jul.-Aug.; fruiting: 

Sept.-Nov. 

Loc.: Ng Tung Chai, Kap Lung, Mau Ping. In 

forests of valleys, along streams. 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, 

Taiwan, Yunnan, Guizhou, Xizang. Japan 

(Ryukyu), Indochina, New Guinea. 

鴨跖草屬 Commelina L. 

耳苞鴨跖草 Auriculate Dayflower 

Commelina auriculata Blume 

Hab.: Herb:fruiting: Nov. 

Loc.: Yuen Long. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Fujian, Taiwan. Japan, 

Indonesia, Australia. 

飯包草 Bangaladesh Dayflower 

Commelina bangaladeshensis L. 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering: summer to autumn. 

Loc.: Tai Wai, Ting Kau, Yuen Long, Nam 

Sang Wai. In wet places. 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Jiangxi,

Hunan, Hubei, Fujian, Taiwan, Zhejiang, 

Henan, Hebei, Shandong, Shaanxi, 

Yunnan, Sichuan. 


鴨跖草 Common Dayflower 

Commelina communis L. 


Loc.: Tai Mo Shan. In wet places. 

Dist.: Widely distributed in China. 


節節草 Diffuse Dayflower 

†Commelina diffusa Burm. f. 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering & fruiting: May-Nov. 

Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. In moist places. 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Taiwan, 

Yunnan, Guizhou, Xizang. 


大苞鴨跖草 Big Bract Dayflower 

Commelina paludosa Blume [Commelina 

obliqua Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don] 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering: Aug.-Oct.; fruiting: Oct. 

to Apr. of the following year. 

Loc.: Fanling, Tai Mo Shan, Shing Mun, 

Lantau Island. Along streams. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan, Jiangxi, 

Fujian, Taiwan, Yunnan, Sichuan, 

Guizhou, Xizang. Nepal, India, 

Indonesia. 


藍耳草屬 Cyanotis Don 

Fujian, Taiwan, Yunnan, Guizhou. 

藍耳草 Common Cyanotis 

Cyanotis vaga (Lour.) Roem. & Schult. 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering: Jul.-Sept.; fruiting: 

Oct. 

Loc.: Hong Kong Island, Lantau Island. 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong, Taiwan, Yunnan, 

Guizhou, Xizang. Vietnam, Laos, 

Cambodia. 

聚花草屬 Floscopa Lour. 

聚花草 Climber Floscopa 

Floscopa scandens Lour. 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering: Jul.-Nov. 

Loc.: Hong Kong Island, Tai Mo Shan, Lam 

Tsuen, Fanling, Sai Kung, Tai Mong Tsai, 

Yung Shue O, Lantau Island. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Guangxi, Jiangxi, Zhejiang, 

Yunnan, Sichuan, Xizang. 


水竹葉屬 Murdannia Royle 

大苞水竹葉 Large Bract Murdannia 

Murdannia bracteata (C. B. Clarke) J. K. 

Morton ex Hong [Aneilema bracteata (C. 

B. Clarke) Kuntze] 


Loc.: New Territories. 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan. 

Indochina. 

裸花水竹葉 Naked Flower Murdannia 

Murdannia nudiflora (L.) Brenan 

蛛絲毛藍耳草 Arachnoid Cyanotis 

(Commelina nudiflora L.; Aneilema 

†Cyanotis arachnoidea C. B. Clarke 

nudiflorum (L.) R. Br.) 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering: Jun.-Sept.; fruiting: 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering & fruiting: Aug.-Sept. 

Oct. 

Loc.: Hong Kong Island, Shing Mun, Sai Kung, 

Loc.: Hong Kong Island, Ma On Shan, Lantau 

Lai Chi Chong, Po Toi Islands. On 

Island. In valleys, on moist rocks. 

grassland. 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Jiangxi, 

303 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Jiangxi,

Hunan, Fujian, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, 

Henan, Shandong, Yunnan, Sichuan. 


細竹篙草 Simple Murdannia 

Murdannia simplex (Vahl) Brenan [Aneilema 

simplex (Vahl) Brenan] 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering: Apr.-Sept. 

Loc.: Cape D’Aguilar, Sai Kung, Fanling, 

Lantau Island. On grassland. 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, 

Guizhou, Sichuan. Africa, India to 

Indonesia. 

水竹葉 Triquetrous Mardannia 

†Murdannia triquetra (Wall.) Bruckn. 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering: Sept.-Oct.; fruiting: 

Oct.-Nov. 

Loc.: Tai Mong Tsai. In wet places. 

Dist.: SE to SW China, Henan, Shaanxi. India 

to Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia. 

細柄水竹葉 Sheathed Murdannia 

Murdannia vaginata (L.) Bruckn. (Aneilema 

vaginatum R. Br.) 

Hab.: Herb. Fruiting: Aug.-Sept. 

Loc.: Sha Tin, Sai Kung, Wu Kau Tang, 

Fanling, Lo Wu. 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Jiangsu. 

Philippines, Vietnam, Thailand, India, 

Sri Lanka. 

杜若屬 Pollia Thunb. 

杜若 Pollia 

Pollia secundiflora (Blume) Bakh. f. 

Hab.: Perennial herb. Flowering: Apr. 

Loc.: Victoria Peak, Cape D’Aguilar, 

Causeway Bay. In forests. 

Dist.: Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi, Hunan, 

Jiangxi, Guangdong. S to SE Asia. 

304 

長柄杜若 Siam Pollia 

†Pollia siamensis (Craib) Fadea 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering: Apr.-Aug.; fruiting: 

Aug.-Dec. 

Loc.: Hong Kong Island, Ng Tung Chai. In 

forests of valleys. 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong, Yunnan. Philippines, 

Indonesia, Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, 

Thailand, New Guinea. 

紫鴨跖草屬 Setcreasea K. Schum. & 

Sydow 

紫鴨跖草 Purple Heart 

*Setcreasea purpurea B. K. Boom 





吊竹梅屬 Tradescantia L. 

吊竹梅 Wandering Jew 

*Tradescantia fluminensis Vell. 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering: summer. 



America. 

白紋吊竹梅 

*Tradescantia fluminensis cv. Variegata 




America. 

紫萬年青 (蚌花) Oyster Plant 

*Tradescentia spathacea Sw. [Rhoeo discolor 

(L’Herit.) Hance] 




America.

水竹草 Wandering Jew Zebrina 

*Tradescentia zebrina Hort. ex Bosse 

(Zebrina pendula Schnitzl.) 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering: autumn to winter. 



350. 穀精草科 Eriocaulaceae 

穀精草屬 Eriocaulon L. 

毛穀精草 Southern Pipewort, Hairy 

Pipewort 

Eriocaulon australe R. Br 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering & fruiting: summer to 

autumn. 

Loc.: Shek O, Quarry Bay, Sha Tin, Lantau 

Island. In wet places. 

Dist.: Jiangxi, Fujian, Hunan, Guangdong, 

Hainan. Vietnam, Cambodia, Australia. 

白藥穀精草 Siebold’s Pipewort 

Eriocaulon cinereum R. Br (Eriocaulon 

sieboldianum Sieb. & Zucc. ex Steud.) 

Hab.: Annual herb. Flowering: Jun.-Aug.; 


Loc.: Deep Water Bay, Tai Mo Shan, Lantau 

Island. In paddy fields and ditches. 

Dist.: Gansu and areas S of Qinling Range. 

India, Thailand, Vietnam, Laos, 

Cambodia, Philippines, Japan, Australia, 

Africa. 

菲律賓穀精草 

Eriocaulon merrillii Ruhl. ex Perkins 

(Eriocaulon truncatum auct. non 

Buch.-Ham. ex Mart.: Check List HK. 

Plant. 1993.) 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering & fruiting: May-Dec. 

Loc.: Hong Kong Island, Sham Tseng, Ho Pui, 

Lantau Island. In paddy fields and other 

305 

Dist.: 

wet places. 

Taiwan, 

Philippines. 

Guangdong, Hainan. 

南投穀精草 Nantou Pipewort 

Eriocaulon nantoense Hayata (Eriocaulon 

luzulifolium auct. non Mart.: Check List 

HK. Pl. 1993.) 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering & fruiting: Sept.-Nov. 

Loc.: New Territories. In marshes and paddy 

fields. 

Dist.: Taiwan, Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong, 

Hainan, Guangxi. 

絲葉穀精草 Bristle-leaved Pipewort 

Eriocaulon setaceum L. 


Aug.-Oct. 

Loc.: Fanling. In marshes. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Hainan, Guangxi, Yunnan. 

India, Bangaladesh, Sri Lanka, Australia. 

華南穀精草 Six-angular Pipewort, Southern 

Pipewort 

Eriocaulon sexangulare L. (Eriocaulon 

wallichianum Mart.) 

Hab.: Herb. 


Dist.: Taiwan, Fujian, Guangdong, Hainan, 

Guangxi. 

短萼穀精草 Short-calyx Pipewort 

†Eriocaulon yaoshanense var. brevicalyx (C. 

H. Wright) W. L. Ma (Eriocaulon 

cristatum auct. non Mart.: Check List 

HK. Pl. 1993.; Eriocaulon cristatum var. 

brevicalyx C. H. Wright] 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering & fruiting: Oct. to Jan. 

of the following year. 

Loc.: Wong Nai Chung Rd., Lan Nai Wan,

Shek O. In marshes. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Jiangxi. India, Japan. 

355. 燈心草科 Juncaceae 

燈心草屬 Juncus L. 

燈心草 Common Rush 

Juncus effusus L. 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering: Apr.-Nov. 

Loc.: Tai Mo Shan. In wet places. 

Dist.: Widely distributed worldwide. 

Uses: Weaving, medicinal. 

笄石菖 Rush 

Juncus prismatocarpus R. Br. (Juncus 

prismatocarpus var. leschenaultii Buch.) 

Hab.: Herb. Fruiting: May-Aug. 

Loc.: Hong Kong Island. In wet places. 

Dist.: Widely distributed in China. S to E 

Asia, Australia. 


357. 莎草科 Cyperaceae 

球柱草屬 Bulbostylis Kunth 

球柱草 Flag Grass, Barbed Bulbostylis 

Bulbostylis barbata (Rottb.) C. B. Clarke 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering & fruiting: Apr.-Oct. 

Loc.: Deep Water Bay, Tai Lung, Wu Shek Kok, 

Tung Chung. On sandy beach and 

farmland. 

Dist.: Widely distributed in China except NW 

regions. Tropics. 

絲葉球柱草 Silk Grass, Filiform-leaved 

Bulbostylis 

Bulbostylis densa (Wall.) Hand.-Mazz. 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering & fruiting: Apr.-Dec. 

Loc.: Sunset Peak. On sandy grassland. 

Dist.: Areas S of Yellow River. Tropical and 

temperate regions of the Old World. 

306 

毛鱗球柱草 Hairy-scale Bulbostylis 

†Bulbostylis puberula (Poir.) C. B. Clarke 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering & fruiting: Feb.-Jun. 

Loc.: Tai Mo Shan. On sandy places near 

seashore. 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong. Tropical regions of 

Asia and Africa. 


薹草屬 Carex L. 

漿果薹草 (山稗子) Berry-fruited Sedge 

Carex baccans Nees 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering & fruiting: Aug.-Dec. 

Loc.: Ng Tung Chai, Tai Mo Shan. On 

hillslopes, in forests of valleys. 

Dist.: S & SW China, Taiwan. Malaysia, India, 

Vietnam, Japan. 

青綠薹草 White-green Sedge 

Carex breviculmis R. Br. [Carex leucochlora 

Bunge; Carex breviculmis subsp. 

royleana (Nees) Kukenthal] 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering & fruiting: Apr.-Jun. 

Loc.: Hong Kong. In forests on hillslopes. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Jiangxi, Fujian, Taiwan, 

Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Guangxi, Yunnan, 

Sichuan, Shaanxi, Hebei. Myanmar, 

India, Korea, Japan. 

栗褐薹草 ( 棕苔 ) Bunch Grass, 

Chestnut-coloured Sedge 

Carex brunnea Thunb. 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering & fruiting: Aug.-Nov. 

Loc.: Wan Chai Gap, Sai Kung. On hillslopes, 

in forests, on moist rocks. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Fujian, Hunan, Hubei, 

Guangxi, Yunnan, Guizhou. Philippines, 

Indochina, Japan.

果柄薹草 Stipitate-fruited Sedge, Lantau 

Sedge 

Carex canina Dunn 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering & fruiting: Mar.-Aug. 

Loc.: Sunset Peak. On margins of forests. 

中華薹草 Chinese Sedge 

Carex chinensis Retz. 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering & fruiting: Mar.-May. 


Dist.: Yunnan, Guangdong, Jiangxi, Fujian, 

Jiangsu. 

十字薹草 Cruciate Sedge, South China 

Sedge 

Carex cruciata Wahlenb. 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering & fruiting: Aug.-Dec. 


Dist.: S, SW & E China. India, Vietnam, Nepal, 

Madagascar. 

隱穗薹草 Lesser Sedge 

Carex cryptostachys Brongn. 



Dist.: Guangdong, Fujian, Taiwan, Guangxi, 

Yunnan. Indochina, Philippines, 

Indonesia, Japan, N Australia. 

蕨狀薹草 Fern-like Sedge 

†Carex filicina Nees 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering & fruiting: Jun.-Oct. 

Loc.: Victoria Peak, Tai Mo Shan, Nei Lak 

Shan. In thickets along streams. 

Dist.: Sichuan, Yunnan, Hubei, Guangxi, 

Guangdong, Fujian, Taiwan. India, Sri 

Lanka, Vietnam, Philippines, Malaysia. 

纖花薹草 Slender-flowered Sedge 

†Carex graciliflora Dunn 

307 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering & fruiting: Feb.-Apr. 

Loc.: Hong Kong. Along streams. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Fujian. 

長囊薹草 Harland’s Sedge, Hong Kong 

Sedge 

Carex harlandii Boott 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering & fruiting: Apr.-Aug. 

Loc.: Tai Mo Shan, Kowloon Peak. In forests. 

Dist.: Guangxi, Guangdong, Fujian, Hubei. 

顯柱薹草 Sedge Turf 

†Carex ligata Boott (Carex nexa Boott; Carex 

hongkongensis Franch.) 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering & fruiting: Mar.-May. 

Loc.: Tai Mo Shan, Nam Chung, Ngau Ngak 

Shan. In forests. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Taiwan. Japan (Ryukyu), 

Korea. 

銹點薹草 Bodinier’s Sedge 

†Carex longiper D. Don 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering & fruiting: Mar.-Oct. 

Loc.: Hong Kong. In forests. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Hunan, Jiangxi, Fujian, 

Zhejiang. 

斑點薹草 Maculate Sedge 

†Carex maculata Boott 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering & fruiting: Apr.-May. 

Loc.: Tai Mo Shan, Pat Sin Leng. In thickets 

along streams. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Fujian, Taiwan, Zhejiang, 

Jiangsu, Hubei. India, Korea, Japan. 

紅苞薹草 (缺如薹草) Red Bract Sedge 

Carex manca Boott 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering & fruiting: Mar.-Jun. 

Loc.: Ma On Shan, Tai Mo Shan. In forests. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Fujian, Taiwan.

線穗薹草 Linear-spike Sedge 

†Carex nemostachys Steud. 


Loc.: Tai Po. In forests. 

Dist.: Areas S of Changjiang River. 

鏡子薹草 Convex Utricle Sedge, Smooth 

Sedge 

Carex phacota Spreng. 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering & fruiting: Apr.-Nov. 

Loc.: Beacon Hill. In forests and on wet places. 

Dist.: Yunnan, Guangxi, Guangdong, Fujian, 

Zhejiang, Taiwan. India, Indochina, 

Indonesia, Philippines, Korea, Japan. 

彌勒薹草 

†Carex pseudolaticeps Tang & Wang ex S. Y. 

Liang 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering & fruiting: Apr.-May. 

Loc.: Lantau Island (Nei Lak Shan). 

Dist.: Endemic to Hong Kong. 

矮生薹草 Dwarf Sedge 

Carex pumila Thunb. 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering & fruiting: Mar.-Apr. 

Loc.: Pak Shek Kok, Sai Kung (Tai Long Wan). 

On sandy beaches. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Fujian, Zhejiang, Taiwan, 

Jiangsu, Shandong. Japan, Korea, 

Russia. 

花葶薹草 Scapose Sedge, Compact Sedge 

Carex scaposa C. B. Clarke 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering & fruiting: Mar.-Nov. 

Loc.: Ma On Shan, Tai Mo Shan. In forests or 

on wet places. 

Dist.: Yunnan, Guangxi, Guangdong, Fujian. 

Vietnam. 

翠麗薹草 Narrow-leaved Sedge, Conspiuous 

308 

Sedge 

Carex speciosa Kunth (Carex speciosa var. 

angustifolia Boott.) 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering & fruiting: Jun. 

Loc.: Lantau Island. On slopes, in valleys and 

forests. 

Dist.: Guangdong. 

細梗薹草 Slender-pedicel Sedge, Tender 

Sedge 

Carex teinogyna Boott 


Loc.: Tai Mo Shan, Bride’s Pool. Along 

streams, in forests and in marshes. 

Dist.: Fujian, Guangxi, Guangdong, Hunan, 

Jiangxi, Anhui, Hubei, Sichuan, Yunnan. 

India, Indonesia, Indochina, Korea, 

Japan. 

芒尖鱗薹草 (薄葉薹草) Thin-leaved Sedge, 

Loose Sedge 

Carex tenebrosa Boott 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering & fruiting: Mar. 

Loc.: Hong Kong. On slopes, in valleys and 

forests. 


西藏薹草 Tibet Sedge 

†Carex thibetica Franch. 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering & fruiting: May-Jul. 

Loc.: Ngau Ngak Shan. In forests. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, Sichuan, 

Xizang, Hubei, Shaanxi. 

截鱗薹草 Truncate-glume Sedge 

Carex truncatigluma C. B. Clarke 


Loc.: Cheung Chau, Tai Mo Shan. In thickets. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Fujian, Zhejiang.

克拉莎屬 Cladium P. Browne 

華克拉莎(大克拉莎) Chinese Cladium 

Cladium mariscus subsp. jamaicense (Crantz ) 

Kukenthal (Cladium chinense Nees; 

Cladium jamaicense Crantz) 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering & fruiting: May-Jun. 

Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. In forests, along 

streams and in marshes. 

Dist.: Taiwan, Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi, 

Yunnan. Tropical and subtropical 

regions. 

莎草屬 Cyperus L. 

扁穗莎草 Compressed Galingale 

†Cyperus compressus L. 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering & fruiting: Jul.-Dec. 

Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. In wasteland. 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong, Fujian, Taiwan, 

Hunan, Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Hubei, 

Anhui, Guizhou, Sichuan. Tropics. 

長尖莎草 Cuspidate Galingale 

Cyperus cuspidatus H. B. & K. (Cyperus 

uncinatus auct. non Poir.: Check List HK 

Pl. 1993.) 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering & fruiting: Jun.-Sept. 

Loc.: Beacon Hill. On open grassland. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Fujian, Zhejiang, Sichuan, 

Yunnan. Tropics. 

異型莎草 Difformed Galingale 

Cyperus difformis L. 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering & fruiting: Jun.-Dec. 

Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. In wet grassland 

and along streams. 


subtropical regions of the Old World. 

多脈莎草(綠穗莎草) Diffuse Galingale 

Cyperus diffusus Vahl 

309 


Loc.: Ng Tung Chai, Tai Po. In forests of 

valleys and wet places. 

Dist.: Yunnan, Guangxi, Guangdong, Taiwan. 

India, Malaysia, Indonesia. 

疏穗莎草(疏穎莎草) Laxspiculate 

Galingale, Loose-spiked Galingale, 

Lax-glume Galingale 

Cyperus distans L. f. 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering & fruiting: Jul.-Aug. 

Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. In paddy fields 

and other wet places. 


Nepal, Sikkim, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, 

Vietnam, Philippines, the Himalayas, 

Africa, tropical Australia, America. 

高桿莎草 Tall-culm Galingale 

†Cyperus exaltatus Retz. 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering & fruiting: Jun.-Aug. 

Loc.: Castle Peak. In wet places and marshes. 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong, Fujian. Vietnam, 

India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, 

Australia, Africa. 

風車草 Umbrella Plant 

*Cyperus flabelliformis Rottb. [Cyperus 

alternifolius subsp. flabelliformis (Rottb.) 

Kukenthal] 


Loc.: Cultivated or naturalized. 

Dist.: Native to Africa. 


畦畔莎草 Field-bank Galingale, Paddy 

Galingale 

Cyperus halpan L. 


Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. In wet places

and paddy fields. 

Dist.: Taiwan, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, 

Yunnan, Sichuan. Tropical and 


疊穗莎草 Imbricate Galingale 

Cyperus imbricatus Retz. (Cyperus sadiatus 

Vahl) 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering & fruiting: Sept.-Oct. 

Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. In wet places 


Dist.: Guangdong, Taiwan. Japan, Vietnam, 

India, Malaysia, Madagascar, Africa, 

America. 

碎米莎草 Rice Galingale 

Cyperus iria L. 


Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. In wet places 


Dist.: Widely distributed in China. Russia (Far 

East region), Korea, Japan, Vietnam, 

India, Iran, N Australia, Africa. 

茳芏 Malacca Galingale 

Cyperus malaccensis Lam. 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering & fruiting: Jun.-Nov. 

Loc.: Yuen Long, Silver Mine Bay. Along 

ditches or in muddy places near estuary. 

Dist.: Guangdong. India, Myanmar, Vietnam, 

Malaysia, Indonesia, Japan (Ryukyu), 

Australia. 

短葉茳芏 (鹹水草) Short-leaved Malacca 

Galingale 

Cyperus malaccensis var. brevifolius Bocklr. 

(Cyperus tegetiformis auct. non Roxb.: 



Loc.: Sha Tin, Cape D’Aguilar, Castle Peak, 

310 

Mai Po, Sai Kung, Lantau Island, Nai 

Chung, Sam A Tsuen, Yung Shue O. In 

wet places near streams. 

Dist.: Sichuan, Guangxi, Guangdong, Fujian. 

Japan. 


垂穗莎草 Nodding Galingale 

Cyperus nutans Vahl (Cyperus nutans var. 

eleusinoides auct. non Haines: Check 

List HK Pl. 1993.) 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering & fruiting: May-Oct. 

Loc.: Tai Shui Hang. In valleys. 


Vietnam, Sri Lanka, India, Philippines, 

Indonesia, New Guinea, Africa. 

三輪草 Upright-spiked Galingale 

†*Cyperus orthostachys Franch. & Savat. 


Loc.: Yuen Long (Ha Tsuen). 

Dist.: Native to Italy. 


紙莎草 Paper Galingale, Papyrus 

†*Cyperus papyrus L. 



Dist.: Native to tropical Africa. 


毛軸莎草 Pilose Galingale 

Cyperus pilosus Vahl 


Loc.: Tai Mo Shan, Castle Peak, Tung Chung. 

In marshes, paddy fields an other wet 

places. 

Dist.: Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi, 

Guangdong, Jiangxi, Fujian, Zhejiang, 

Hainan. Japan, C Asia, tropical Asia,

Australia. 

盤柱莎草 Platystyle Galingale 

Cyperus platystylis R. Br. 


Loc.: Sai Kung. In marshes and paddy fields. 

Dist.: Taiwan. India, Sri Lanka, Malaysia, N 

Australia. 

闊穗莎草 Broad-spike Galingale 

Cyperus procerus Rottb. 


Loc.: Stonecutters Island. In wet places near 

water. 

Dist.: S & SW China. India, Vietnam, Malaysia, 


香附子 (香頭草) Nut-grass Galingale 

Cyperus rotundus L. 



Dist.: Guangdong, Fujian, Guizhou, Sichuan, 

Yunnan, Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Taiwan, 

Anhui, Jiangsu, Shandong, Henan, Hebei, 

Shanxi, Gansu, Shaanxi. Widely 

distributed in temperate regions. 


粗根莖莎草 Stolon-bearing Galingale 

Cyperus stoloniferus Retz. 


Loc.: Castle Peak, Lamma Island. On sandy 

beaches and mudflats. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Fujian. Madagascar, 

Vietnam, India, Malaysia, Indonesia, 

Australia. 

窄穗莎草 Narrow Spikelet Galingale 

†Cyperus tenuispica Steud. 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering & fruiting: Aug.-Oct. 

311 

Loc.: Hong Kong Island. On open grassland. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hunan. 

Widely distributed in temperate and 

subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, 

Australia. 

棱穗莎草 Zollinger’s Galingale, 

Ridged-spike Galingale 

Cyperus zollingerii Steud. 


Loc.: Hong Kong. On slopes and in wasteland. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, Fujian. 

Nepal, Sikkim, India, Malaysia, 

Indonesia, Japan, Australia, Africa. 

裂穎茅屬 Diplacrum R. Br. 

裂穎茅 Common Diplacrum 

Diplacrum caricinum R. Br. 


Loc.: Pok Fu Lam, Victoria Peak, Tung Chung. 

In farmland and wasteland. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Fujian, Taiwan. India, 

Vietnam, Malaysia, Philippines, Japan, 

Australia. 

荸薺屬 Eleocharis R. Br. 

牛毛氈 Needle Spikesedge 

Eleocharis acicularis (L.) Roem. & Schult. 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering & fruiting: :Apr.-Nov. 

Loc.: Sha Tin, Fanling. In wet places. 

Dist.: Widely distributed in China. N America, 

Europe, E Russia, Korea, Japan, India, 

Myanmar, Vietnam, Indonesia, 

Philippines, Sri Lanka. 

銳棱荸薺 Acute-angular Spikesedge 

†Eleocharis acutangula (Roxb.) Schult. 


Loc.: Aberdeen, Sai Kung (Tai Long). In 

marshes and paddy fields. 

Dist.: Yunnan, Hainan, Guangdong, Fujian,

Taiwan. Tropics. 

紫果藺 Purple-fruited Spikesedge 

†Eleocharis atropurpurea (Retz.) Presl 


Loc.: Castle Peak, Tung Lung Chau. In paddy 

fields and wet places. 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan, 

Jiangsu, Sichuan, Yunnan. Europe, 

Africa, Asia. 

密花荸薺( 透明鱗荸薺) Dense-flowered 

Spikesedge, Congested Spike-rush 

Eleocharis congesta D. Don (Eleocharis 

pellucida Presl) 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering & fruiting: May-Aug. 

Loc.: Sha Tin. In marshes, paddy fields and 

ditches. 

Dist.: S, SE & SW China. Russia (Far East 

region), Korea, Japan, India, Myanmar, 

Indochina, Malaysia, Indonesia, 

Philippines, Europe, N America. 

荸薺 (馬蹄) Water Chestnut 

*Eleocharis dulcis (Burm.f.) Henschel 


Loc.: Cultivated. In ponds, marshes and paddy 

fields. 

Dist.: Widely distributed in China (cultivated). 

Korea, Japan (Ryukyu), India, Vietnam, 

Malaysia, Madagascar, W Africa, 

Australia. 

Uses: Edible (tuber). 

木賊荸薺 Horsetail Spike 

†Eleocharis equisetina J. & C. Presl. 


Loc.: Tai Mo Shan, Sha Po, Ma Wan. In 

marshes and wet places. 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong, Taiwan, Jiangsu. 

312 

Japan (Ryukyu), SE Asia, India. 

黑籽荸薺 Black-seeded Spikesedge 

†Eleocharis geniculata (L.) Roem. & Schult. 

(Eleocharis capitata R. Br.) 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering & fruiting: Jan.-Jul. 

Loc.: Hong Kong Island. In marshes, wet 

places and paddy fields. 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong, Fujian, Taiwan. 

India, Myanmar, Thailand, Malaysia, 

Indonesia, Japan. 

假荸薺 Cylindric-culm Spikesedge 

†Eleocharis ochrostachys Steud. (Eleocharis 

variegata auct. non Presl: Check List HK 

Pl. 1993.] 


Loc.: Lantau Island. In marshes, paddy fields 

and lakes. 


Vietnam, Thailand, Myanmar, India, 

Malaysia, Indonesia, Japan (Ryukyu), 

Micronesia. 

貝殼葉荸薺 Retroflex Spikesedge 

†Eleocharis retroflexa (Poir.) Urb. 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering & fruiting: Oct.-Nov. 

Loc.: Tai Long Wan, Pui O, Sai Kung (Cheung 

Sheung). On margin of ponds, 

streamside. 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong, Fujian, Yunnan. 

India, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Malaysia, 

Australia, tropical America. 

螺旋鱗荸薺 Spiral-scaled Spikesedge 

†Eleocharis spiralis (Rottb.) Roem. & Schult. 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering & fruiting: Oct. to Jan. 


Loc.: Mai Po, Yung Shue O, Plover Cove, Wu 

Kai Sha, Tai Ho. On margin of ponds, in

marshes. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Hainan. Vietnam, Myanmar, 

Malaysia, India, Sri Lanka, tropical 

Africa, Madagascar, Australia. 


龍師草 Four-angled Culm Spikesedge 

†Eleocharis tetraquetra Nees 


Loc.: Tai Mo Shan. In wet places or on margin 

of ponds. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan, Fujian, 

Jiangxi, Taiwan, Anhui, Zhejiang, 

Jiangsu, Henan. Japan. 

飄拂草屬 Fimbristylis Vahl 

披針穗飄拂草 Acuminate Fimbristylis 

Fimbristylis acuminata Vahl 


Loc.: Yung Shue O, Chek Keng, Sai Kung (Tai 

Long), Ham Tin. In sandy farmland, 

secondary forests and crevices of rocks. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Guangxi, Taiwan. Sri Lanka, 

India, Malaysia, Japan (Ryukyu), tropical 

Australia. 

夏飄拂草 Aestival Fimbristylis, Summer 

Fimbristylis 

Fimbristylis aestivalis (Retz.) Vahl 


Loc.: Kau Wa Keng, Tai Po, Lam Tsuen. In 

marshes, paddy fields and other wet 

places. 


Sichuan, Zhejiang, Fujian, Taiwan. Japan, 

Nepal, Sri Lanka, India, Thailand, 

Indonesia, Philippines, Australia. 

扁鞘飄拂草 Flat-sheath Fimbristylis 

Fimbristylis complanata (Retz.) Link 


313 

Loc.: Tai Mo Shan, Tung Chung. In muddy 

seashore, wet places by streams or paddy 

fields. 


Jiangsu, Hubei, Sichuan, Guizhou, 

Yunnan. Tropics. Common in SE Asia. 

血色飄拂草 Consanguine Fimbristylis 

Fimbristylis consanguinea Kunth 


Loc.: Happy Valley. In marshes and other wet 

places. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Fujian, Taiwan, Jiangxi, 

Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Anhui, Shandong, 

Guizhou. South Africa, Madagascar, Sri 

Lanka, India, Malaysia, Korea, Japan, 

Africa. 

黑果飄拂草 Black-fruited Fimbristylis 

Fimbristylis cymosa (Lam.) R. Br. 

[Fimbristylis spathacea Roth] 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering & fruiting: Jul.-Oct. 

Loc.: Cape D’Aguilar, Stonecutters Island, 

Castle Peak, Ping Chau. In sandy beach 

and mangrove. 

Dist.: Hainan, Taiwan, Guangdong, Guangxi, 

Fujian. Tropics. 

兩歧飄拂草(棱穗飄拂草) Dichotomous 

Fimbristylis 

Fimbristylis dichotoma (L.) Vahl 



Dist.: Widely distributed in China. Widely 

distributed in subtropical and temperate 

regions. 

Uses: Forage. 

擬二葉飄拂草 Setaceous-bract Fimbristylis 

†Fimbristylis diphylloides Makino


Loc.: Lung Kwu Tan. In paddy fields and other 

wet places. 

Dist.: Areas S of Changjiang River. Japan, 

Korea. 

知風飄拂草 Eragrostiella Fimbristylis 

Fimbristylis eragrostis (Nees) Hance 


Loc.: Hong Kong Island, Castle Peak. In thin 

forests and on grassland. 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong, Fujian, Taiwan. Sri 

Lanka, India, Malaysia, tropical 

Australia. 

銹鱗飄拂草 Ferruginous-scaled Fimbristylis, 

Rust-coloured Fimbristylis 

Fimbristylis ferruginea (L.) Vahl 


Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. On margin of 

ponds and wet places. 


Subtropical and temperate coastal 

regions. 

羅浮飄拂草(福氏飄拂草) Ford’s 

Fimbristylis 

Fimbristylis fordii C. B. Clarke 


Loc.: Cape D’Aguilar. In grasses and on rocks 

along streams. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Hunan, Jiangxi, Zhejiang. 

India, Vietnam, Laos, Thailand, 

Philippines. 

褐穗飄拂草 Fuscous Fimbristylis, 

Dark-brown Fimbristylis 

Fimbristylis fusca (Nees) C. B. Clarke. 


Loc.: Aberdeen, Cape D’Aguilar, Mount Kellet, 

314 

Tai Mo Shan, Castle Peak. In wasteland. 

Dist.: Guangxi, Guangdong, Hunan, Fujian, 

Taiwan. 

Japan. 

India, Myanmar, Thailand, 

纖細飄拂草 (纖莖飄拂草) Tender-clavate 

Fimbristylis 

Fimbristylis leptoclada Benth. 


Loc.: High West. On dry sandy grassland. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Fujian. Sri Lanka, Vietnam, 

Thailand, Malaysia. 

日照飄拂草 Sunshiny Fimbristylis 

†Fimbristylis miliacea (L.)Vahl (Fimbristylis 

littoralis Gaudich.) 


Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. In paddy fields 


Dist.: E, SW & S China. India, Sri Lanka, 

Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, 

Vietnam, Malaysia, Polynesia, Australia. 

垂穗飄拂草 Drooping Fimbristylis 

Fimbristylis nutans (Retz.) Vahl 


Loc.: Aberdeen, Lion Rock, Tung Chung. In 

marshes, paddy fields and other wet 

places. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Hainan, Taiwan. Vietnam, 

Myanmar, Sri Lanka, India, Malaysia, 

New Guinea, Australia. 

獨穗飄拂草 Uni-spikelet Fimbristylis 

Fimbristylis ovata (Burm. f) Kern 

[Fimbristylis monostachya (L.) Hassk.] 


Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. On grassland. 

Dist.: Yunnan, Guangxi, Hunan, Guangdong, 

Hainan, Fujian, Taiwan. Japan, Korea,

Malaysia, Australia. 

細葉飄拂草 Fine-leaved Fimbristylis 

†Fimbristylis polytrichoides (Retz.) Vahl 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering & fruiting: Mar.-Sept. 

Loc.: Yi O, Wang Chau. On muddy seashore 

and on crevices of rocks. 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong. Tropical Africa, 

Asia, Australia. 

結壯飄拂草(剛穗飄拂草) Woody-rhizomed 

Fimbristylis 

Fimbristylis rigidula Nees 


Loc.: Lantau Island. On grassland of hillslopes. 

Dist.: Sichuan, Yunnan, Guangxi, Guangdong, 

Hainan, Fujian, Taiwan, Zhejiang. Japan, 

Nepal, India, Thailand, Philippines. 

少穗飄拂草 Few-spikelet Fimbristylis 

Fimbristylis schoenoides (Retz.) Vahl 


Loc.: Aberdeen. In wasteland. 

Dist.: Taiwan, Hainan, Guangdong, Fujian, 

Guangxi, Yunnan. E & SE Asia, 

Australia. 

絹毛飄拂草 Sericeous Fimbristylis, 

Silky-haired Fimbristylis 

†Fimbristylis sericea (Poir.) R. Br. 


Loc.: Long Ke. On sandy beaches and wet sand 

dunes. 


Zhejiang. India, Vietnam, Thailand, 

Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Australia. 

雙穗飄拂草 

†Fimbristylis subbispicata Nees & Meyen 


315 

Loc.: Aberdeen, Happy Valley, Wu Kai Sha, 

Tung Chung. On hillslopes, in valleys, 

along streams, in marshes. 

Dist.: NE, E, C & S China. Japan, Korea. 

四棱飄拂草 Tetragonal Fimbristylis 

Fimbristylis tetragona R. Br. 


Loc.: Aberdeen. In paddy fields and marshes. 


Vietnam, Myanmar, Nepal, Sri Lanka, 

India, Thailand, Indochina, Malaysia, 

Philippines, Australia. 

西南飄拂草 Thomson’s Fimbristylis 

Fimbristylis thomsonii Bocklr. 


Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. In thickets and 

wet grassland. 


Taiwan. India, Myanmar, Thailand, 

Malaysia, Vietnam, Laos, Japan 

(Ryukyu). 

華飄拂草 Chinese Fimbristylis 

Fimbristylis thouarsii (Kunth) Merr. 

(Fimbristylis 

Clarke) 

actinoschoenus C. B. 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering & fruiting: Jul.-Sept. 

Loc.: Hong Kong. On sandy farmland, in 

forests, on rocks. 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong. Vietnam, Thailand, 

Sri Lanka, Malaysia, Madagascar, 

Mauritius. 

三穗飄拂草 Tri-spikelet Fimbristylis 

Fimbristylis tristachya R. Br. 


Loc.: Cape D’Aguilar, Shek O (Tai Long Wan), 

Sha Tin. In thickets and thin forests.


Australia. 

Africa, Asia, tropical 

曲茫飄拂草 Curved-awn Fimbristylis 

Fimbristylis velata R. Br. (Fimbristylis 

squarrosa Vahl) 


Loc.: Aberdeen. On margin of ponds and other 

wet places. 

Dist.: Taiwan, Guangdong, Shandong, Yunnan, 

Hebei. India, Myanmar, Japan, Korea, 

Russia, S Europe to S Africa. 

芙蘭草屬 Fuirena Rottb. 

毛芙蘭草 Ciliate Fuirena 

Fuirena ciliaris (L.) Roxb. 


Loc.: Castle Peak, Sha Tin, Sai Kung (Tai Long 

Wan). On margin of ponds and other wet 

places. 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong, Taiwan, Guangxi, 

Jiangsu. E Himalaya, Sri Lanka, Vietnam, 

Thailand, Malaysia, Philippines, Japan, 

Korea, tropical Africa, Australia. 

芙蘭草 Umbrella Fuirena 

Fuirena umbellata Rottb. 


Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. On moist 

grassland, near river or in paddy fields. 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Taiwan. 

Tropical and subtropical regions. 

黑莎草屬 Gahnia J. R. & G. Forst. 

黑莎草 Triste Gahnia 

Gahnia tristis Nees 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering & fruiting: Mar.-Dec. 

Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. In thickets on 

hillslopes. 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangxi, Guangdong, Hunan, 

Fujian. Thailand, Vietnam, Japan 

316 

(Ryukyu), Malaysia. 

割雞芒屬 Hypolytrum Rich. 

海南割雞芒 Hainan Hypolytrum 

†Hypolytrum hainanensis (Merr.) Tang & 

Wang 


Loc.: Tai Po Kau. In forests and thickets, in wet 

places along streams. 


割雞芒(海薄利) Wooded Hypolytrum 

Hypolytrum nemorum (Vahl) Spreng. 

(Hypolytrum latifolium Rich.) 


Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. In forests and 

thickets. 

Dist.: Taiwan, Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi, 

Yunnan. Tropical Asia, Africa. 

水莎草屬 Juncellus (Griseb.) C. B. 

Clarke 

水莎草 Late-Juncellus 

†Juncellus serotinus (Rottb.) C. B. Clarke 

(Cyperus sezotinus Rottb.) 



Dist.: Widely distributed in China. Korea, 

Japan, NW Himalaya, C Europe, 

Mediterranean region. 

水蜈蚣屬 Kyllinga Rottb. 

香根水蜈蚣 Aromatic Kyllinga 

†*Kyllinga aromatica (Ridl.) Mattf. & Kunth 


Loc.: Victoria Park, Tsiu Hang, Tai Po Kau. In 

wasteland. 

Dist.: Native to W Africa, widely cultivated. 

Uses: Spice.

短葉水蜈蚣 Short-leaved Kyllinga 

Kyllinga brevifolia Rottb. [Cyperus brevifolia 

(Rottb.) Hassk.] 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering & fruiting: May-Sept. 

Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. In thickets on 

hillslopes, in wet places. 

Dist.: Areas S of Changjiang River. Tropics. 

單穗水蜈蚣 Uni-spike Kyllinga 

Kyllinga monocephala Rottb. [Cyperus 

kyllinga Endl.; Cyperus triceps auct. non 

Rottb.: Check List HK Pl. 1993.; 

Kyllinga nemoralis (Forst.) Dandy ex 

Hutchinson & Dalziel] 




Himalaya, India, Myanmar, Thailand, 

Vietnam, Malaysia, Indonesia, 

Philippines, Japan (Ryukyu), Australia, 

tropical America. 

鱗子莎屬 Lepidosperma Labill. 

鱗子莎(炮仗草) Chinese Scaleseed Sedge 

Lepidosperma chinense Nees 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering & fruiting: May-Dec. 

Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. On grasslands 

of valleys. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Fujian, Hunan. Malaysia, 

New Guinea. 

石龍芻屬 Lepironia Rich 

蒲草(肇慶草) Cattail-leaved Lepironia 

Lepironia articulata (Retz.) Domin. 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering & fruiting: Feb.-Jun. 

Loc.: Cultivated in gardens. 

Dist.: Guangdong. Madagascar to Polynesia. 


湖瓜草屬 Lipocarpha R. Br. 

華湖瓜草(銀色湖瓜草) Chinese Lipocarpha 

317 

Lipocarpha chinensis (Osbeck) Kern 


Loc.: Aberdeen, Yung Shue O, Wu Kau Tang. 

In marshes, paddy fields and other wet 

places. 

Dist.: Taiwan, Fujian, Hainan, Guangdong, 

Yunnan. Tropical Asia, Africa, Australia. 

湖瓜草 Lipocarpha 

Lipocarpha microcephala (R. Br.) Kunth 


Loc.: Fanling, Yung Shue O. In wet places. 

Dist.: NE, E, S & SW China. Japan, Vietnam, 

India, Malaysia, Indonesia, Australia. 

劍葉莎屬 Machaerina Vahl 

劍葉莎 Machaerina 

Machaerina ensigera (Hance) Koyama 

(Cladium ensigerum Hance) 


Loc.: Pok Fu Lam, Sai Kung. In forests, along 

streams. 


圓葉劍葉莎 Round-leaved Machaerina 

Machaerina rubiginosa (Spreng.) Koyama 

(Cladium glomeratum auct. non R. Br.: 



Loc.: Hong Kong. 

Dist.: Sri Lanka, Bangaladesh, India, Indonesia, 

New Guinea, Japan (Ryukyu), New 

Zealand, Australia. 

擂鼓艻屬 Mapania Vahl 

擂鼓艻 Chinese Mapania 

Mapania wallichii C. B. Clarke (Mapania 

sinensis H. Uittien) 


Loc.: Wong Chuk Yeung, Wang Shan Keuk. In 

forests.

Dist.: Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan. India, Africa, Australia, America. 

Malaysia, Indonesia. 

扁莎屬 Pycreus P. Beauv. 

磚子苗屬 Mariscus Vahl 

球穗扁莎 Globular Spike Pycreus 

莎草磚子苗 Nut-grass Sawgrass 

Pycreus flavidus (Retz.) Koyama [Pycreus 

Mariscus cyperinus Vahl [Cyperus cyperinus globosus (All.)Reich.; Cyperus flavidus 

(Retz.) Saringar] 

Retz.] 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering & fruiting: Jul.-Sept. Hab.: Herb. Flowering & fruiting: Jun.-Nov. 

Loc.: Cape D’Aguilar, Shing Mun. On moist Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. In wet places. 

grassland of valleys and hillslopes. Dist.: Widely distributed in China except 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong, Taiwan, Zhejiang, northwestern regions. Japan, Korea, 

Sichuan. India, Myanmar, Vietnam, Vietnam, India, Mediterranean regions, S 

Indonesia, Philippines, Japan (Ryukyu), 

Australia. 

Africa, Australia. 

多穗扁莎 Branch Pycreus 

羽穗磚子苗 Feathery Spike Sawgrass 

Pycreus polystachyus (Rottb.) P. Beauv. 

Mariscus javanicus (Houtt.) Merr. & Metc. (Cyperus polystachyus Rottb.) 

(Mariscus albescens Gaudich.; Cyperus Hab.: Herb. Flowering & fruiting: May-Oct. 

javanicus Houtt.) 

Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. Along streams, 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering & fruiting: Jun.-Jul. 

in wet places. 

Loc.: Pok Fu Lam, Shek O. On sandy beach Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong, Fujian, Taiwan. 

and in marshes. 

Dist.: Hainan. Myanmar, Malaysia, Philippines, 

Korea, India, Vietnam, Korea, Japan. 

Japan (Ryukyu), tropical Africa, 矮扁莎 Dwarf Pycreus 

Australia, Hawaii. 

Pycreus pumilus (L.) Domin (Cyperus 

輻射磚子苗 Radiate Sawgrass 

pumilus L.) 


Mariscus radians (Nees & Meyen) Tang & Loc.: Aberdeen, Sheung Shui, Po Toi Islands, 

Wang (Cyperus radians Nees & Meyen) Tai Mo Shan. In wet places. 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering & fruiting: Aug.-Sept. Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong, Fujian, Jiangxi, 

Loc.: Sai Kung. On sandy beach. 

Hunan. India, Nepal, Myanmar, Vietnam, 

Dist.: Guangdong, Taiwan, Zhejiang, Shandong. 

Vietnam, Malaysia. 

Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines. 

紅鱗扁莎 Red-scaled Pycreus 

磚子苗 Sawgrass 

†Pycreus sanguinolentus (Vahl) Nees 

Mariscus umbellatus Vahl [Cyperus (Cyperus sanguinolentus Vahl) 

cyperoides (L.) Kuntze] 


Hab.: Herb. Flowering & fruiting: Apr.-Oct. Loc.: Castle Peak. In paddy fields and 

Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. On grassland of grassland. 

hillslopes. 

Dist.: Widely distributed in China. C to E Asia, 

Dist.: S, E, C & SW China. SE Asia, Himalaya, Mediterranean region, Africa, Australia. 

318

海濱沙屬 Remirea Aublet 

海濱莎 Seashore Remirea 

†Remirea maritima Aublet 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering & fruiting: Sept.-Dec. 

Loc.: Hong Kong. On sandy beach. 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong, Taiwan. Tropics. 

刺子莞屬 Rhynchospora Vahl 

華刺子莞 Chinese Beakrush 

†Rhynchospora chinensis Nees & Mey. 


Loc.: Castle Peak. In wet places. 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong, Taiwan, Zhejiang, 

Fujian, Shandong. Korea, Japan, India, 

Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Vietnam, Indonesia, 

Madagascar. 

傘房刺子莞 Corymbose Beakrush, Loose 

Beakrush 

Rhynchospora corymbosa (L.) Britt. 


Loc.: Kau Sai Chau. On farmland and along 

river banks. 

Dist.: Yunnan, Hainan, Guangdong, Taiwan. 


柔弱刺子莞 Gracile Beakrush 

Rhynchospora gracillima Thw. 


Loc.: Ho Pui Reservior. In wet places. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Fujian. Sri Lanka, India, 

Thailand, Malaysia, tropical Africa, 

Madagascar, Australia. 

馬來刺子莞(日本刺子莞) Malesian 

Beakrush 

†Rhynchospora malasica C. B. Clarke 

(Rhynchospora nipponica Makino) 


Loc.: Tai Tam Reservior. In marshes. 

319 

Dist.: Guangdong, Taiwan. Japan (Ryukyu), 

Kalimantan. 

刺子莞 Red Beakrush, Bristle Beakrush 

Rhynchospora rubra (Lour.) Makino 


Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. Along roadside, 

on grassland and open areas. 

Dist.: Areas S of Changjiang River. Tropical 

regions of Asia and Australia. 

皺果刺子莞 Rugose-fruited Beakrush 

Rhynchospora rugosa (Vahl) Gale 


Loc.: Tai Tam, Aberdeen, Shing Mun, Castle 

Peak, Yung Shue O, Tung Chung. In 

marshes and grassland. 

Dist.: Guangxi, Guangdong, Jiangxi, Fujian, 

Taiwan, Anhui, Jiangsu, Shandong. 


赤箭莎屬 Schoenus L. 

赤箭莎 Common Bogrush 

†Schoenus falcatus R. Br. 


Loc.: Lantau Island. On rocks near seashore 

and in thin forests by rivers. 

Dist.: Guizhou, Guangxi, Guangdong, Taiwan. 

Vietnam, Thailand, Malaysia, New 

Guinea, Japan (Ryukyu). 

藨草屬 Scirpus L. 

海南藨草 Hainan Bulrush 

†Scirpus hainanensis S. M. Huang 


Loc.: Sunset Peak. In forests along streams. 


螢蘭 Rush-like Bulrush 

Scirpus juncoides Roxb. (Scirpus erectus auct. 

non Poir.: Check List HK Pl. 1993.)


Vietnam, Malaysia, Indonesia, tropical 

Loc.: Wu Kai Sha. In marshes, paddy fields 


Australia. 

Dist.: Widely distributed in China except Inner 傘房珍珠茅 Corymbose Razorsedge 

Mongolia, Xizang, Gansu. Madagascar, Scleria corymbosa Roxb. 

tropical and subtropical Asia, Australia, Hab.: Herb. Flowering & fruiting: Jun.-Dec. 

N America. 

Loc.: Sunset Peak. In thin forests of hillslopes. 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong. India, Sri Lanka, 

鑽苞藨草 Coastal Bulrush 

Myanmar, Malaysia, Indonesia, 

†Scirpus littoralis Schard. (Scirpus subulatus 

Vahl; Scirpus supinus auct. non L.: 

Philippines. 


圓桿珍珠茅(夏蘭珍珠茅) Harland’s 


Razorsedge 

Loc.: Plover Cove, Mai Po. In wet places. Scleria harlandii Hance 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong, Sichuan, Shanxi, Hab.: Herb. Flowering & fruiting: Mar.-Sept. 

Gansu. India, Australia, Africa, Europe. Loc.: Tai Po Kau, Pok Fu Lam, Shek O Peak. 

In forests. 

側花藨草 Lateral-flowered Bulrush 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong. Vietnam, 

Scirpus supinus var. lateriflorus Gmel. 


Cambodia. 

Loc.: Hong Kong. In wet places. 

疏鬆珍珠茅 Lax Razorsedge 

Dist.: Taiwan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan. Scleria laxa R. Br. 

India, Sri Lanka, Malaysia, Indonesia, Hab.: Herb. Flowering & fruiting: Jun. 

Australia. 

Loc.: Kwun Tong, Tung Chung. On grassland 

of hillslopes. 

百穗藨草( 棒螢藺) Ternate Bulrush, Dist.: Guangdong, Fujian. Philippines, 

Clubrush 

Scirpus ternatanus Reinw. ex Miq. 

Queensland. 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering & fruiting: Jul.-Aug. 毛果珍珠茅 Hairy-fruited Razorsedge 

Loc.: Tai Tam Reservior. In wet places. 

Scleria levis Retz. [Scleria herbecarpa Nees; 

Dist.: Guangdong, Fujian, Taiwan. Tropical Scleria herbecarpa var. pubescens 

Asia, Japan (Ryukyu). 

(Steud.) C. B. Clarke ] 

珍珠茅屬 Scleria P. Bergius 


Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. In thin forests 

緣毛珍珠茅 Ciliate Razorsedge, Nut Rush 

or thickets. 

Scleria ciliaris Nees (Scleria chinensis Kunth) 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan, 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering & fruiting: Dec. to Apr. 

Guizhou, Yunnan, Hunan, Zhejiang, 


Fujian, Taiwan. India, Sri Lanka, 


Malaysia, Vietnam, Japan, Indonesia, 

and wet places. 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong. Myanmar, Thailand, 

320 

Australia.

石果珍珠茅 Cromwell Razorsedge, Rock 

Seed Nut Rush 

Scleria lithosperma (L.) Sw. 


Loc.: Aberdeen, Middle Island. In wasteland, 

on margins of forests and sandy beach. 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong. Tropics. 

小型珍珠茅 Small Razorsedge 

†Scleria parvula Steud. (Scleria biflora auct. 

non Roxb.: Check List HK Pl. 1993.) 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering & fruiting: Oct. 

Loc.: Quarry Bay. In marshes and wet places. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Fujian. Sri Lanka, India, 

Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam, Japan, Korea, 

Philippines, New Guinea, tropical Africa. 

皺果珍珠茅 Rugose-fruited Razorsedge 

†Scleria rugosa R. Br. (Scleria onoei Franch. 

& Savat.) 


Loc.: Fung Mun Au. In marshes, paddy fields 


Dist.: Guangdong, Taiwan. Sri Lanka, India, 

Japan, Malaysia, Australia, Indonesia, 

Philippines. 

高桿珍珠茅 High Stalk Razorsedge, Tall Nut 

Rush 

Scleria terrestris (L.) Fass. (Scleria elata Thw.; 

Scleria radula Hance) 


Loc.: Tai Mo Shan, Bride’s Pool. In secondary 

forests or thickets. 


Guangxi, Yunnan, Sichuan. Thailand, 

Vietnam, India, Sri Lanka, Malaysia, 

Indonesia, Australia. 

321 

358. 禾本科 Gramineae 

鳳頭黍屬 Acroceras Stapf 

鳳頭黍 Colorado-Grass 

†Acroceras munroanum (Balansa) Henrard 


Loc.: So Kon Po, Tai Po Kau, Tai Mo Shan. On 

hills, margin of forests and grassy slopes. 

Dist.: Hainan. Tropical Asia. 

Uses: Forage. 

毛穎草屬 Alloteropsis J. S. Presl ex 

Presl 

臭蟲草 Annual Jet-glumed Grass 

Alloteropsis cimicina (L.) Stapf 

Hab.: Annual herb. Flowering & fruiting: 

Sept.-Oct. 

Loc.: Kowloon. In thin forests. 

Dist.: Hainan. Tropical Africa, India, Myanmar, 

Vietnam to Australia. 

毛穎草 Jet-glumed Grass 

Alloteropsis semialata (R. Br.) Hitchc. 


spring to autumn. 

Loc.: Aberdeen, Kadoorie Farm. In open areas, 

on hills. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, Fujian, 

Taiwan. Tropical Africa, India, Sikkim, 


Uses: Forage. 

看麥娘屬 Alopecurus L. 

看麥娘 Short-awned Foxtail 

Alopecurus aequalis Sobol. 


Mar.-May. 

Loc.: Sha Tin, Sheung Shui, Lantau Island. On 

margin of farmlands and in wet places. 


and subtropical regions.

日本看麥娘 Japanese Foxtail 

Alopecurus japonicus Steud. 


Feb.-May. 

Loc.: Ma On Shan. On margins of farmlands 

and in wet places. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Fujian, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, 

Anhui, Hubei, Shandong, Shaanxi. Japan, 

Korea. 

鬚芒草屬 Andropogon L. 

華鬚芒草 Chinese Beardgrass 

†Andropogon chinensis (Nees) Merr. 


Aug.-Dec. 

Loc.: Hong Kong Island. In grassy slopes, 

thickets and thin forests. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, Sichuan. 

Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia. 

水蔗草屬 Apluda L. 

水蔗草 Glutene-rice Grass 

Apluda mutica L. 


summer to autumn. 

Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. On margins of 

farmlands, in wet places and grasses. 

Dist.: S & SW China, Taiwan. India, Japan, 

Philippines, Indochina, SE Asia, 

Australia, tropical Africa. 

楔穎草屬 Apocopis Nees 

大花楔穎草 Apocopis 

†Apocopis wrightii var. macrantha S. L. 

Chen 


Loc.: Tai Mo Shan, Sai Wan. In grasses. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Zhejiang. 

三芒草屬 Aristida L. 

華三芒草屬 Chinese Three-awn 

322 

Aristida chinensis Munro 


Apr.-Dec. 

Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. On grassy 

hillslopes. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Taiwan. 

Indochina. 

黃毛草 Yellow Three-awn 

Aristida cumingiana Trin. & Rupr. 



Loc.: Aberdeen. On grasslands of hillslopes. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Hunan, Fujian, Zhejiang, 

Jiangsu. Philippines, India. 

藎草屬 Arthraxon P. Beauv. 

藎草 White Heart-leaf 

†Arthraxon hispidus (Thunb.) Makino 


Aug.-Oct. 

Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. In shade and 

wet places of grasslands. 


and subtropical regions of the Old World. 

Uses: Forage. 

匿芒藎草 

†Arthraxon hispidus var. cryptatherus 

(Hack.) Honda 

Hab.: Annual herb. 

Loc.: Mount Gough, Castle Peak. In wasteland. 


and subtropical regions of the Old World. 

青籬竹屬 Arundinaria Michaux 

茶稈竹(籬竹) Tonkin Cane, Tea Stick 

Bamboo 

*Arundinaria amabilis McClure 

Hab.: Running tree bamboo. 

Loc.: Tai Po Kau (cultivated).


Fujian. 

Uses: Timber. 

托竹 Cantor Bamboo 

Arundinaria cantorii (Munro) L. C. Chia 


Loc.: Sha Tin, Sai Kung, Tai Po Kau, Green 

Island, Lantau Island. On hillslopes. 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong, Fujian, Jiangxi. 

大明竹 Daming Bamboo 

†*Arundinaria graminea (Bean) Munro 

Hab.: Running shrub bamboo. 


Dist.: Native to Japan. Guangdong, Fujian, 

Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Sichuan, Taiwan 

(cultivated). 


篲竹 Ram-rod Bamboo, Hind’s Cane 

Arundinaria hindsii Munro 


Loc.: Hong Kong Island, To Fung Shan, Tai 

Mo Shan, Ng Tung Chai, Lantau Island. 

On hills. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Taiwan 

(cultivated). 

秀英竹 Shiuying Bamboo 

Arundinaria shiuyingiana Chia & But 


Loc.: Tsim Shan, Kowloon Peak, Ma Liu Shui. 


野古草屬 Arundinella Raddi 

hillslopes. 

Dist.: S, C & SW China, Fujian. SE Asia to 


刺芒野古草 

Arundinella setosa Trin. 

Hab.: Perennial herb. Flowering & fruiting: : 

Aug.-Dec. 

Loc.: Sha Tin, Ma Liu Shui, Ninepin Group. 

On hillslopes, in thickets and on margin 

of forests. 

Dist.: E, C, S & SW China. Tropical and 

subtropical Asia. 

蘆竹屬 Arundo L. 

蘆竹 Giant Reed 

Arundo donax L. 


Oct.-Dec. 

Loc.: Siu Lek Yuen, Chuen Lung. 

Dist.: S & SW China, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, 

Hunan. Tropical regions of the Old 

World. 

Uses: Pulping, ornamental. 

燕麥屬 Avena L. 

野燕麥 Wild Oat 

*Avena fatua L. 


Apr.-Sept. 

Loc.: Tai Lung Farm. On farmlands and 

abandoned lands. 

Dist.: Widely distributed in China. Asia, 

Europe and Africa. 

Uses: Forage, pulping. 

石珍芒 (石芒草) Minireed 

光稃野燕麥 Glabrous Wild Oat 

Arundinella nepalensis Trin. 

†*Avena fatua var. glabrata Peterm. 



Sept.-Nov. 

Apr.-Sept. 

Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. In grasses of 

323 

Loc.: Fanling. On farmlands and grasslands.


Europe, N Africa. 

南燕麥 South Oat 

*Avena meridionalis (Malz.) Roshev. 


Jun.-Sept. 

Loc.: Wong Chuk Hang. On farmlands. 

Dist.: Xinjiang. C Asia, Afghanistan, E Africa 

to America. 

燕麥 Oat 

*Avena sativa L. 


Apr.-Sept. 

Loc.: So Kon Po, Castle Peak. 

Dist.: Widely cultivated. 

Uses: Food, forage. 

地毯草屬 Axonopus P. Beauv. 

類地毯草 Carpet Grass 

†*Axonopus affinis A. Chase 


Loc.: Tai Lung Farm. Cultivated. 

Dist.: Taiwan (cultivated). Tropical America. 

Uses: Forage. 

地毯草 Carpet Grass 

*Axonopus compressus (Sw.) Beauv. 

Hab.: Perennial procumbent herb. 

Loc.: Common in Hong Kong (cultivated). 

Dist.: Native to tropical America, widely 

cultivated in tropical and subtropical 

regions. 

箣竹屬 Bambusa Schreb. 

印度箣竹 

†*Bambusa bambos (L.) Voss 

Hab.: Clumped tree bamboo. 

Loc.: Sheung Shui (cultivated). 

Dist.: Guangdong (cultivated). Native to India. 

324 

扁竹 Pin Bamboo 

*Bambusa basihirsuta McClure 


Loc.: Tai Po Kau, So Kon Po (cultivated). 


Uses: Timber. 

吊絲球竹 Beechey Bamboo 

*Bambusa beecheyana Munro 

[Dendrocalamopsis beecheyana (Munro) 

Keng f. ; Sinocalamus beecheyanus 

(Munro) McClure] 


Loc.: Kowloon, Sha Tin, Tai Po Kau, Tai Po, 

Sheung Shui, Lantau Island. (cultivated). 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi. 

Uses: Edible (shoot). 

粉單竹 White Powdery Bamboo 

*Bambusa chungii McClure 


Loc.: Shing Mun, Sha Tin, Tai Po Kau 

(cultivated). 

Dist.: Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan, Fujian. 

Uses: Ornamental, weaving. 

煥鏞箣竹 Woon-yong Bamboo 

†*Bambusa chunii Chia & Fung 


Loc.: Kam Tin (Ko Po Village). 


牛角竹 Ox-horn Bamboo 

*Bambusa cornigera McClure 


Loc.: Tai Po Kau, Sheung Shui (cultivated). 

Dist.: Guangxi. 

坭簕竹(桷仔竹、長枝仔竹) 

*Bambusa dissimulator McClure




白節坭簕竹 White Joint Bamboo 

†*Bambusa dissimulator var. albinodia 

McClure 


Loc.: Lantau Island (Tung Chung, cultivated). 


長枝竹 

*Bambusa dolichoclada Hayata 



Dist.: Fujian, Taiwan. 


大眼竹 Da Ngan Bamboo 

*Bambusa eutuldoides McClure 



Uses: Timber. 

小簕竹 Lesser Thorny Bamboo 

*Bambusa flexuosa Murno 


Loc.: Sha Tin, Fanling, Lantau Island 

(cultivated). 

Uses: Hedges. 

坭竹 Nai Bamboo 

*Bambusa gibba McClure 


Loc.: Victoria Peak, New Territories, Lantau 

Island (cultivated). 

Dist.: Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian. 

Uses: Hedges, timber. 

魚肚腩竹 Tender Shoot Bamboo 

325 

*Bambusa gibboides W. T. Lin 


Loc.: Sha Tin (To Fung Shan, cultivated). 



黎庵高竹 Lai Am Ko Bamboo 

*Bambusa insularis Chia & Fung (Bambusa 

duriuscula W. T. Lin) 




Uses: Timber. 

油簕竹(油刺竹) 

*Bambusa lapidea McClure 


Loc.: Tai Po Kau, Sheung Shui, Kam Tin 

(cultivated). 

Dist.: Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan. 

Uses: Timber. 

馬嶺竹 Maling Bamboo 

*Bambusa malingensis McClure 


Loc.: Tai Po Kau (cultivated). 


Uses: Timber. 

孝順竹(蓬萊竹) Hedge Bamboo 

*Bambusa multiplex (Lour.) Raeusch. 

[Bambusa glaucescens (Willd.) Sieb. ex 

Munro] 


Loc.: Victoria Peak, Tai Po Kau, Sheung Shui 

(cultivated). 

Dist.: S to SW China. Vietnam. 

Uses: Ornamental, hedges.

鳳尾竹 Fernleaf Hedge Bamboo 

†*Bambusa multiplex cv. Fernleaf 

Hab.: Clumped shrub bamboo. 

Loc.: CUHK campus, Sheung Shui 

(cultivated). 

Dist.: S, SW & E China. 


銀絲竹 Silver-stripe Hedge Bamboo 

†*Bambusa multiplex cv. Silverstripe 

[Bambusa glaucescens cv. Silverstripe] 





小葉琴絲竹 

†*Bambusa 

Fernleaf 

multiplex cv. Stripestem 


Loc.: Sai Kung (Tsiu Hang, cultivated). 

Dist.: Guangdong, 

(cultivated). 

Taiwan, Sichuan 


觀音竹 Riviere’s Hedge Bamboo, Chinese 

Goddess Bamboo 

*Bambusa multiplex var. riviereorum R. 

Maire [Bambusa glaucescens var. 

riviereorum (R. Maire) Chia & Fung] 


Loc.: Lantau Island (Lung Tsai) (cultivated). 

Dist.: S China. 


黃竹仔 Lesser Yellow Bamboo 

*Bambusa mutabilis McClure 




326 

長毛米篩竹 

†*Bambusa pachinensis var. hirsutissima 

(Odashima) W. C. Lin 


Loc.: Tai Po Kau, Sha Tin (To Fung Shan), 

Lantau Island. (cultivated). 

Dist.: Fujian, Zhejiang, Taiwan, Guangdong, 

Guangxi. 


撐篙竹 Punting Pole Bamboo 

*Bambusa pervariabilis McClure 



Dist.: S China. 

Uses: Timber, ornamental. 

木竹 Muk Bamboo 

*Bambusa rutila McClure 


Loc.: Fanling, Chung Mei (cultivated). 

Dist.: Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan. 

車筒竹 Chinese Thorny Bamboo 

*Bambusa sinospinosa McClure 


Loc.: New Territories (cultivated). 

Dist.: S & SW China. 

Uses: Timber. 

青皮竹 Weaver’s Bamboo 

*Bambusa textilis McClure 


Loc.: Tai Po Kau, Kwun Yam Shan, Sheung 

Shui (cultivated). 


Uses: Weaving, ornamental.

光稈青皮竹(黃竹) Smooth Weaver’s 

Bamboo 

*Bambusa textilis var. glabra McClure 


Loc.: Tai Po, Chung Mei (cultivated). 


Uses: Weaving, ornamental. 

崖州竹 Slender Weaver’s Bamboo 

*Bambusa textilis var. gracilis McClure 


Loc.: New Territories (cultivated). 



青稈竹(花眉竹) Verdant Bamboo 

Bambusa tuldoides Munro (Bambusa 

breviflora Munro) 


Loc.: New Territories, Lantau Island. On low 

hills and along streams. 


Uses: Timber, weaving. 

佛肚竹 Buddha Bamboo, Buddha’s Belly 

Bamboo 

*Bambusa ventricosa McClure 


Loc.: Victoria Peak, Tai Po and gardens 

(cultivated). 


Uses: Hedges, ornamental. 

Uses: Timber. 

黃金間碧竹 Stripe Bamboo, Green-stripe 

Common Bamboo 

*Bambusa vulgaris cv. Vittata (Bambusa 

vulgaris var. striata Gamble) 


Loc.: Widely cultivated in Hong Kong. 


Fujian, Taiwan. (cultivated). 


大佛肚竹 Wamin Bamboo 

†*Bambusa vulgaris cv. Wamin 



Dist.: S, SW & E China (cultivated). 


孔穎草屬 Bothriochloa Kuntze 

臭根子草 Australian Bluestem 

Bothriochloa bladhii (Retz.) S. T. Blake 

[Bothriochloa intermedia (R. Br.)A. 

Camus ] 


Jul.-Oct. 

Loc.: Sasson Rd., Jat’s Incline, Aberdeen, Tai 

Po Market, Kowloon Park, Sheung Shui. 

On grassy hillslopes. 

Dist.: E, S & SW China. Tropical and 

subtropical regions of Africa, Asia, 

Australia. 

龍頭竹(銀竹、泰山竹) Common Bamboo 

光孔穎草 

*Bambusa vulgaris Schrad. ex Wendl. 

Bothriochloa glabra (Roxb.) A Camus 



Loc.: Tai Po Kau, Sheung Shui, Shing Mun 

Jul.-Nov. 

Arboretum and gardens (cultivated). 


Dist.: Yunnan. Tropical Asia, Africa, 

hillslopes. 

Madagascar. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Yunnan, Taiwan. India, 

Malaysia, Philippines, Australia, Africa. 

327

白羊草 Digitate Golden-beard 

Bothriochloa ischaemum (L.) Keng 


autumn. 


hillslopes. 

Dist.: Widely distributed in China. Subtropical 

and temperate regions. 

孔穎草 Perforated Bothriochloa 

†Bothriochloa pertusa (L.) A.Camus 


Jul.-Oct. 

Loc.: Quarry Bay. In grasses of hillslopes. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Yunnan. India, Philippines. 

格蘭馬草屬 Bouteloua Lagasca 

格蘭馬草 Mat Grama 

†*Bouteloua simplex Lagasca 


Loc.: Tai Lung Farm. 

Dist.: America. 

Uses: Forage. 

臂形草屬 Brachiaria Griseb. 

信號草 Common Signal-grass, Brood 

Signal-grass 

†Brachiaria brizantha (Hochst. ex A.Rich) 

Stapf 

Hab.: Herb. 

Loc.: Ta Kwu Ling. 

Dist.: Tropics. 

巴拉草 Blunt Signal-grass 

*Brachiaria mutica (Forssk.) Stapf 

Hab.: Herb. 

Loc.: Aberdeen, Sha Tin, Yuen Long, Nam 

Sang Wai, San Tin, Mai Po, Plover Cove, 

Tsing Yi. 


328 

四生臂形草 Two-spiked Signal-grass 

Brachiaria subquadripara (Trin.) Hitchc. 


Sept.-Nov. 

Loc.: Aberdeen, Kowloon Peak, To Fung Shan. 

On grasslands, abandoned fields and in 

thin forests. 


Taiwan. India, Australia. 

細柄草屬 Capillipedium Stapf 

硬稈子草(竹枝細柄草) Hard-stemmed 

Golden-beard 

Capillipedium assimile (Steud.) A. Camus 

Hab.: Perennial shrubby herb. Flowering & 

fruiting: Aug.-Dec. 

Loc.: Shing Mun. In wet places and forests. 

Dist.: C, E, S & SW China. India, Indochina, 

Malaysia, Indonesia, Japan. 

細柄草(吊絲草)Small-flowered Capillipedium 

Capillipedium parviflorum (R. Br.) Stapf 


Aug.-Dec. 

Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. On grasslands 

of hillslopes, in thickets. 

Dist.: E, C, S & SW China. Tropical and 


蒺藜草屬 Cenchrus L. 

蒺藜草 Bur Grass 

*Cenchrus echinatus L. (Cenchrus ciliaris 

auct non L.: Check List HK Pl. 1993.) 


summer. 

Loc.: Pok Fu Lam, Tai Hang, Kau Wa Keng, 

Sha Tin, Tai Po Kau. On sandy 

grasslands near seashores. 

Dist.: Hainan, Yunnan, Taiwan. Japan, India, 

Myanmar, Pakistan.

假淡竹葉屬 Centotheca Desv. 

假淡竹葉 Common Centotheca 

Centotheca lappacea (L.) Desv. [Centotheca 

latifolia (Osbeck)Trin.] 


Jun.-Oct. 


Dist.: S China. Tropical Africa, Australia, India, 

Malaysia. 

空竹屬 Cephalostachyum Munro 

香糯竹 Tinwa Bamboo 

†*Cephalostachyum pergracile Munro 



Dist.: Yunnan. Myanmar. 


方竹屬 Chimonobambusa Makino 

方竹(四方竹)Square Bamboo 

*Chimonobambusa quadrangularis (Fenzi) 

Makino 



Dist.: Guangxi, Hunan, Jiangxi, Fujian, Taiwan, 

Jiangsu, Anhui. Japan. 


虎尾草屬 Chloris Sw. 

孟仁草 (虎尾草)Peacock-plume Grass 

Chloris barbata Sw. 


Mar.-Aug. 


Dist.: Coastal Islands of Guangdong. SE Asia. 

臺灣虎尾草 Taiwan Chloris 

†Chloris formosana (Honda) Keng (Chloris 

virgata auct. non Sw.: Check List HK Pl. 

1993.) 


329 

Aug.-Dec. 

Loc.: High Island Reservoir, Tai Po Kau. On 

sandy beach. 

Dist.: Fujian, Taiwan, Hainan, Guangdong. 

非洲虎尾草 Rhodes-grass 

†*Chloris gayana Kunth 


Loc.: Tsing Yi (cultivated). 

Dist.: Africa. 

金鬚茅屬 Chrysopogon Trin. 

竹節草 Wild Oat Grass 

Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin. 


Jun.-Oct. 

Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. In wasteland 

and open fields. 


Taiwan. Tropical Australia, Asia. 

薏苡屬 Coix L. 

薏苡 Job’s Tears 

Coix lacryma-jobi L. 


Jun.-Dec. 

Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. In wet places. 

Dist.: Widely distributed in China. S & SE Asia, 

widely naturalized in the tropics. 

香茅屬 Cymbopogon Spreng. 

青香茅 Grey Lemongrass 

Cymbopogon caesius (Nees ex Hook. & Arn.) 

Stapf (Cymbopogon mekongensis auct. 

non A. Camus: Check List HK Pl. 1993.) 


Jul.-Sept. 

Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. In fileds. 

Dist.: Guangxi, Guangdong, Yunnan,. India, 

Afghanistan, Sri Lanka, Indochina, E 

Africa, Arabia.

Uses: Spice, forage. 

橘草 Goering’s Lemongrass 

†Cymbopogon goeringii (Steud.) A. Camus 


Jul.-Oct. 

Loc.: Lantau Island. On hillslopes, grassland, 

open area and along roadside. 

Dist.: C & E China, Hebei. Japan, S Korea. 

扭鞘香茅 Twisted Lemongrass, Wild 

Citronella-grass 

Cymbopogon hamatulus (Nees ex Hook. & 

Arn.) A. Camus [Cymbopogon tortilis 

auct. non (J. Presl) Hitchc.; Cymbopogon 

goeringii var. hongkongensis auct. non S. 

Soenarko: Check List HK Pl. 1993.] 


Jul.-Oct. 

Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. On grasslands. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Hainan, Taiwan. Pacific 

Islands, Vietnam, Philippines, Moluccas. 

亞香茅 Citronella Grass 

*Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle 

(Cymbopogon citratus auct. non Stapf: 


Hab.: Herb. Flowering & fruiting: Nov. to Apr. 



Dist.: Guangdong, Hainan, Taiwan. Native to 

Sri Lanka, widely cultivated in tropical 

Asia. 

Uses: Spice. 

狗牙根屬 Cynodon Rich. 


Dist.: Areas S of Yellow River, Beijing 

(cultivated). Europe. 


星草 Star Grass 

*Cynodon plectostachyus (K. Schum.) Pilger 



Dist.: Tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, 

Europe. 

弓果黍屬 Cyrtococcum Stapf 

散穗弓果黍 Broad-leaved Bowgrass 

Cyrtococcum accrascens (Trin.) Stapf 


May-Dec. 


Dist.: Guangxi, Guangdong, Hunan, Taiwan, 

Yunnan, Guizhou, Xizang. India to 

Malaysia, S Japan. 

弓果黍 

Cyrtococcum patens (L.) A. Camus 

Hab.: Annual herb. Flowering & fruiting: Sept. 

to Feb. of the following year. 

Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. In forests or wet 

places. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, Jiangxi, 

Fujian, Taiwan. India. 

龍爪茅屬 Dactyloctenium Willd. 

龍爪茅 Crow-foot Grass 

Dactyloctenium aegyptium (L.) Beauv. 


May-Oct. 

狗牙根 Couch Grass, Doub Grass, Bermuda 

Loc.: Aberdeen, Repulse Bay, Wong Chuk 

Grass 

Hang, Tai Mo Shan, Fanling, Tai A Chau. 

Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. 

On hillslopes or grassland. 


Dist.: S, E & C China. Tropical and subtropical 

May-Oct. 

330 

regions.

牡竹屬 Dendrocalamus Nees 

馬來甜龍竹(高舌竹)Rough Dendrocalamus 

*Dendrocalamus asper (J. A. & J. H. Schult.) 

Backer ex Heyne 


Loc.: Sha Tin, Castle Peak (cultivated). 

Dist.: Yunnan, Taiwan (cultivated). Philippines, 

Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia, Laos, 

Myanmar. 

Uses: Edible (shoot), ornamental. 

麻竹 Sweet Dendrocalamus 

*Dendrocalamus latiflorus Munro 


Loc.: Sha Tin, Tai Po, Sheung Shui, Lantau 

Island (cultivated). 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan, 

Guizhou, Yunnan, Fujian, Taiwan. 

Vietnam, Myanmar. 


吊絲竹 

†*Dendrocalamus minor (McClure) L. C. 

Chia & H. L. Fung 



Dist.: Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou. 

粉麻竹 Powdered Dendrocalamus 

*Dendrocalamus pulverulentus L. C. Chia & 

But 


Loc.: Tai Po Kau and gardens (cultivated). 

Dist.: Guangdong (cultivated). 


牡竹 Male Bamboo 

*Dendrocalamus strictus (Roxb.) Nees 


Loc.: Tai Po Kau, Sheung Shui and gardens 

331 

(cultivated). 

Dist.: Guangxi, Yunnan. India, Myanmar. 

雙花草屬 Dichanthium Willemet 

雙花草 Two-flowered Golden-beard 

Dichanthium annulatum (Forssk.) Stapf 

Hab.: Perennial herb. Flowering: Oct. 

Loc.: Hong Kong Island, Kowloon. On grassy 

hillslopes. 


Sichuan, Hubei. SE Asia, Africa, 

Australia. 

馬唐屬 Digitaria Hill. 

毛馬唐 Hairy Crabgrass 

†Digitaria chrysoblephara Fig. 


Jun.-Oct. 

Loc.: Sha Tin, Cheung Chau. In farmlands and 

along roadside. 

Dist.: Fujian, Anhui, Jiangsu, Henan, Shanxi. 

Subtropical and temperate regions. 

升馬唐 Ciliate Crabgrass 

Digitaria ciliaris (Retz.) Parl. (Digitaria 

setigera auct. non Roth ex Roem. & 

Schult.: Check List HK Pl. 1993.) 


Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. Along roadside 

and on hillslopes. 

Dist.: Widely distributed in tropical and 

temperate regions. 

十字馬唐 Cruciform Crabgrass 

Digitaria cruciata (Nees) A. Camus 


Jun.-Oct. 

Loc.: Hong Kong Island. On grassy hillslopes. 

Dist.: Hubei, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, 

Xizang. India, Sikkim, Nepal.

纖維馬唐 

Digitaria fibrosa (Hack.) Stapf (Digitaria 

setifolia auct. non Stapf: Check List HK 

Pl. 1993.) 


May-Aug. 

Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. On hillslopes 

and along roadsides. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, Sichuan. 

Myanmar, Thailand. 

亨利馬唐 Henry’s Crabgrass 

†Digitaria henryi Rendle 


Loc.: Victoria Peak, Kowloon. On grassy 

hillslopes. 

Dist.: Taiwan, Guangxi, Guangdong. Vietnam. 

二型馬唐 

Digitaria heterantha (Hook. f.) Merr. 


Jun.-Oct. 


beaches. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Fujian, Taiwan. India, Sri 

Lanka, Vietnam, Malaysia, Indonesia. 

†Digitaria microbachne (Presl) Henr. 


Jun.-Oct. 

Loc.: Happy Valley. On margins of forests and 

open fields. 


Taiwan. Tropical Asia. 

紅尾翎 Root Crabgrass 

†Digitaria radicosa (Presl) Miq. 


Loc.: Hong Kong Island, New Territories. On 

moist grassland. 

Dist.: Hainan, Yunnan, Fujian, Taiwan. India, 

Myanmar, Philippines, Malaysia, 

Indonesia to Australia. 

馬唐 Common Crabgrass 

Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop. 


Jun.-Sept. 

Loc.: Tuen Mun. Along roadside. 

Dist.: Xizang, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Shaanxi, 

Gansu, Shanxi, Hebei, Henan, Anhui. 

Widely distributed in temperate and 

subtropical montane regions. 

長花馬唐 Long-flowered Crabgrass 

紫馬唐 Violet Crabgrass 

Digitaria longiflora (Retz.) Pers. 

†Digitaria violascens Link 

Hab.: Perennial herb. Flowering & fruiting: Hab.: Annual herb. Flowering & fruiting: 

Apr.-Oct. 

Jul.-Nov. 

Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. On farmlands. Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. In wasteland. 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Dist.: S, C & SW China, Hebei, Shanxi, 

Yunnan, Sichuan, Hunan, Jiangxi, Fujian, Shaanxi, Xinjiang. Tropical regions of 

Taiwan. Tropical and subtropical regions Asia and America. 

of the Old World, naturalized in Tropical 

America. 

觿茅屬 Dimeria R. Br. 

鐮形觿茅 Falcate Dimeria 

短穎馬唐 Hispid Crabgrass, Short Glume 

Dimeria falcata Hack. 

Crabgrass 

332 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering: Oct. 

Loc.: Kowloon, New Territories. On moist

grassland. 


細觿茅 Slender Dimeria 

†Dimeria falcata var. tenuior Keng & Y. L. 

Yang 

Hab.: Herb. 

Loc.: Kowloon Peak. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian. 

觿茅 Bird Leg Dimeria 

Dimeria ornithopoda Trin. 


Oct.-Nov. 


moist places. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan. India. 

華觿茅 Chinese Dimeria 

†Dimeria sinensis Rendle 



moist places. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Jiangxi, 

Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangsu. 

雙稃草屬 Diplachine P. Beauv. 

雙稃草 Common Diplachine 

†Diplachine fusca (L.) P. Beauv. 


Jun.-Sept. 

Loc.: Sha Tin, Mai Po. In wet places. 

Dist.: S & E China, Henan, Hebei, Liaoning, 

Taiwan. SE Asia, Australia and Africa. 

稗屬 Echinochloa P. Beauv. 

光頭稗 Jungle Rice 

Echinochloa colona (L.) Link. 



Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. In farmlands 

333 

and wet places. 

Dist.: S, E & SW China, Hubei, Henan, Hebei. 

Subtropical and temperate regions. 

稗 Barn-yard Grass 

Echinochloa crusgalli (L.) P. Beauv. 



Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. In marshes, 

ditches and paddy fields. 

Dist.: Widely distributed in China. Subtropical 

and temperate regions. 

Uses: Forage. 

小果稗 

†Echinochloa crusgallii var. 

austrojaponensis Ohwi (Echinochloa 

frumentacea auct. non Link: Check List 

HK Pl. 1993.) 



grassland along ditches. 


Hunan, Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, 

Taiwan. Japan. 

短芒稗 Short-awned Barn-yard Grass 

†Echinochloa crusalli var. breviseta (Doell) 

Neilr. 


Loc.: Fanling. On grasslands. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Taiwan. Malaysia, India, Sri 

Lanka, tropical Africa. 

孔雀稗 Gulf Barn-yard Grass 

†Echinochloa cruspavonis (H. B. & K.) 

Schult. 

Hab.: Herb. 

Loc.: Wan Chai Gap. In marshes, along ditches. 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong, Guizhou, Fujian.

Tropics. 

Uses: Forage. 

硬稃稗 

†Echinochloa glabrescens Munro ex Hook. f. 

Hab.: Herb. 

Loc.: Kowloon, Castle Peak. On margins of 

ponds and in other wet places. 

Dist.: Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Sichuan, Guizhou, 

Guangxi, Guangdong, Yunnan. Korea, 

Japan, Africa. 

穇屬 Eleusine Gaertn. 

穇 Finger Millet, Kurakkan, Dragon-claw 

Millet 

Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn. 


May-Sept. 


Dist.: Areas S of Changjiang River, Anhui, 

Henan, Shaanxi, Xizang (cultivated). 

Widely cultivated in tropical and 


Uses: Edible, forage, pulping. 

牛筋草 Goose Grass, Yard Grass 

Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn. 


Jun.-Oct. 





Dist.: 

seashore. 

Taiwan, Yunnan, Hainan. From 

Afghanistan via India and Myanmar to 

SE Asia. 

畫眉草屬 Eragrostis Wolf 

鼠婦草 Thalia Lovegrass 

Eragrostis atrovirens (Desf.) Trin. 


Loc.: Hong Kong Island, New Territories. 

Along roadside and streams. 


Sichuan. Tropical and subtropical 

regions of Asia. 

秋畫眉草 Autumn Lovegrass 

†Eragrostis autumnalis Keng (Eragrostis 

perennans auct. non Keng.: Check List 

HK Pl. 1993.) 


Jul.-Nov. 

Loc.: Chuen Lung. On grasslands. 

Dist.: Jiangxi, Fujian, Anhui, Jiangsu, Hebei, 

Shandong. 

彎葉畫眉草 Oulandgrass, Weeping 

Lovegrass 

†Eragrostis curvula (Schrad.) Nees 


Loc.: Mai Po, Shing Mun. 

Dist.: Jiangsu, Hubei, Guangxi (cultivated). 

Native to Africa. 

Uses: Forage, ornamental. 

腸鬚草屬 Enteropogon Nees 

佛歐里畫眉草 Faurie’s Lovegrass 

腸鬚草 

†Eragrostis fauriei Ohwi (Eragrostis 

†Enteropogon dolichostachyus (Lagasca) 

stenophylla auct. non Hack.: Check List 

Keng 

HK Pl. 1993.) 



Aug.-Oct. 

Loc.: Aberdeen, Sai Kung. 

Loc.: Mirs Bay (Ping Chau). On grassland near 

334 

Dist.: Taiwan.

知風草 Wind Grass 

†Eragrostis ferruginea (Thunb.) P. Beauv. 


Loc.: Clear Water Bay. On grasslands. 


Japan, SE Asia. 

Uses: Medicinal, forage. 

亂草 Japanese Lovegrass 

Eragrostis japonica (Thunb.) Trin. 


Loc.: Hong Kong Island, New Territories. In 

farmland and other wet places. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Yunnan, Jiangxi, Anhui, 

Zhejiang, Hubei, Taiwan. India, Japan, 

Korea, Australia, Africa. 

無毛畫眉草 Beardless Indian Lovegrass 

Eragrostis pilosa var. imberbis Franch. 

[Eragrostis pilosa auct. non (L.) P. 

Beauv.: Check List HK Pl. 1993. ] 


Aug.-Nov. 

Loc.: Aberdeen, Wong Nai Chung. Along 

roadside, in field and grassland. 

Dist.: Widely distributed in China. Japan. 

Uses: Forage. 

多毛知風草(疏毛畫眉草) Pilose Lovegrass 

Eragrostis pilosissima Link 


Aug. 

Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. On dry 

grasslands. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Fujian, Taiwan, Jiangxi. SE 

Asia. 

扭枝畫眉草 

Eragrostis reflexa Hack. 


335 

Jul.-Sept. 


grasslands. 

Dist.: Guangdong, 

Philippines. 

Guangxi, Fujian. 

呂宋畫眉草 

†Eragrostis spartinoides Steud. 

Hab.: Herb. 

Loc.: New Territories, CUHK campus. 

Dist.: Temperate & Tropics. 

鯽魚草(南方知風草) Japanese Lovegrass, 

Feather Lovegrass 

Eragrostis tenella (L.) P. Beauv. ex Roem. & 

Schult. (Eragrostis amabilis Wight. & 

Arn.) 


Apr.-Aug. 

Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. On farmlands 

and in shade places. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Guangxi, Hubei, Fujian, 

Taiwan. Tropical regions of the Old 

World. 


牛虱草 Chinese Lovegrass 

Eragrostis unioloides (Retz.) Nees ex Steud. 

Hab.: Annual or perennial herb. Flowering & 

fruiting: Jul.-Oct. 

Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. On grasslands, 

hillslopes and along roadside. 

Dist.: S China, Yunnan, Jiangxi, Fujian, Taiwan. 

Tropical regions of Asia and Africa. 

長畫眉草 Elongated Lovegrass 

Eragrostis zeylanica Nees & Mey. 

Hab.: Perennial herb. Flowering: spring. 

Loc.: Hong Kong Island. In wasteland. 

Dist.: E, S & SW China. SE Asia, Australia.

蜈蚣草屬 Eremochloa Büse 

蜈蚣草 Ciliate Centipede-grass 

Eremochloa ciliaris (L.) Merr. 



Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. On hillslopes, 

in grasses. 

Dist.: Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi, Guangdong, 

Hainan, Fujian. India, Myanmar, 

Indochina. 

假儉草 Smooth Lawn Grass, Common 

Centipede-grass 

Eremochloa ophiuroides (Munro) Hack. 




moist grassland. 

Dist.: S & E China, Hunan, Hubei, Guizhou. 

Indochina. 

馬陸草 Ceylon Centipede-grass 

†Eremochloa zeylanica Hack. 



Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. In grasses. 

Dist.: Guangxi, Yunnan. Indochina, India, Sri 

Lanka. 

鷓鴣草屬 Eriachne R. Br. 

鷓鴣草 Common Eriachne 

Eriachne pallescens R. Br. 




grasslands. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian. India, 


Uses: Forage. 

336 

金茅屬 Eulalia Kunth 

棕茅 Brown Eulalia 

†Eulalia phaeothrix (Hack.) Kuntze 


Aug.-Oct. 

Loc.: Kwun Tong. On grassland. 

Dist.: Hainan. India, Indochina. 

四脈金茅 Four-nerved Eulalia 

Eulalia quadrinervis (Hack.) Kuntze 


Aug.-Oct. 


hillslopes. 

Dist.: C, S, E & SW China. Africa, India, Japan, 

Philippines. 

Uses: Pulping, fuel. 

金茅 

Eulalia speciosa (Debeaux) Kuntze 


Aug.-Nov. 

Loc.: Hong Kong. On grassy hillslopes. 

Dist.: S, C, SW & E China. Korea, India. 

耳稃草屬 Garnotia Brongn. 

無芒耳稃草 Mutica Garnotia 

†Garnotia mutica (Munro) Druce 


Sept.-Oct. 



耳稃草(葛氏草) Patulous Garnotia 

Garnotia patula (Munro) Benth. 


autumn. 

Loc.: Ma On Shan, Fo Tan. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian. Indochina.

三芒耳稃草 Three-bristle Garnotia 

†Garnotia triseta Hitchc. 


Sept.-Oct. 

Loc.: Hong Kong. In moist places. 


巨竹屬 Gigantochloa Kurz ex Munro 

黑毛巨竹 Black-haired Giantgrass 

*Gigantochloa nigrociliata (Büse) Kurz 


Loc.: HKU campus (cultivated), Tsiu Hang 

(cultivated). 

Dist.: Yunnan, SE Asia. 


花巨竹 Greater Giantgrass 

*Gigantochloa pseudoarundinacea (Steud.) 

Widjaja (Gigantochloa maxima Kurz) 



Dist.: Yunnan. SE Asia. 


球穗草屬 Hackelochloa Kuntze 

球穗草 Pitscale Grass 

Hackelochloa granularis (L.) Kuntze 


summer to early winter. 

Loc.: Fanling, Po Toi Island. In grasses. 


Sichuan, Fujian, Taiwan. Tropics. 

Uses: Forage. 

牛鞭草屬 Hemarthria R. Br. 

扁穗牛鞭草 Flattened Hemarthria, 

Joint-flower Grass, Mat Grass 

Hemarthria compressa (L. f.) R. Br. 



Loc.: Aberdeen, Shing Mun. In farmland and 

337 

other wet places. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan. India, 

Indochina. 

假蛇尾草屬 Heteropholis C. E. 

Hubb. 

假蛇尾草 False Mat Grass, Cochin-china 

Thaumastochloa 

†Heteropholis cochinchinensis (Lour. ) C. E. 

Hubb. (Ophiuros cochinchinensis Merr.; 

Thaumastochloa cochinchinensis C. E. 

Hubb.; Ophiuros monostachyus auct. non 

Presl: Check List HK Pl. 1993.) 


Loc.: Hong Kong Island. In grasses. 


Taiwan. India, Indochina, Philippines. 

黃茅屬 Heteropogon Pers. 

黃茅 Tanglehead, Yellow Grass, Bunch Spear 

Grass 

Heteropogon contortus (L.) P. Beauv. ex 

Roem. & Schult. 


Apr.-Dec. 


hillslopes. 

Dist.: S, E, C & SW China, Henan, Shaanxi, 

Gansu. Subtropical and temperate 

regions. 


大麥屬 Hordeum L. 

大麥 Barley 

*Hordeum vulgare L. 




Uses: Food.

膜稃草屬 Hymenachne P. Beauv. 

膜稃草 

Hymenachne acutigluma (Steud.) Gill. 



Loc.: Hong Kong. In marshes and along rivers. 

Dist.: Hainan, Yunnan. India, Myanmar, 

Thailand. 

苞茅屬 Hyparrhenia Andress. ex 

Fourn. 

短梗苞茅 Short-stalked Hyparrhenia 

†Hyparrhenia diplandra (Hack.) Stapf 


Aug.-Nov. 

Loc.: Castle Peak. 

Dist.: Guangxi, Guangdong, Yunnan. Tropical 

Africa, Indochina, Indonesia. 

距花黍屬 Ichnanthus P. Beauv. 

距花黍 Scargrass 

Ichnanthus vicinus (Bail.) Merr. 

Hab.: Procumbent herb. Flowering & fruiting: 

Aug.-Nov. 

Loc.: Victoria Peak, Tai Mo Shan, Tseng Lan 

Shue. On grasslands of hillslopes, in 

thickets. 


Hunan, Fujian, Taiwan. Tropical regions 

in Asia, Australia & S America. 

Uses: Forage. 

白茅屬 Imperata Cyrillo 

絲茅 Lalang Grass 

†Imperata koenigii (Retz.) P. Beauv. 

[Imperata cylindrica auct. non (L.) P. 

Beauv.: Check List HK Pl. 1993.] 


May-Aug. 


Dist.: S, E, C & SW China, Henan, Shaanxi. 

338 

Tropical and temperate regions of the 

Old World. 

箬竹屬 Indocalamus McClure 

粽巴箬竹(光籜箬竹) Herklots Cane 

Indocalamus herklotsii McClure 

Hab.: Running shrubby bamboo. 

Loc.: Victoria Peak, Ma On Shan, Lantau 

Island. In thin forests or thickets. 


箬葉竹 Long-ear Cane 

Indocalamus longiauritus Hand.-Mazz. 


Loc.: Tai Mo Shan. In forests or thickets. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hunan, 

Jiangxi, Fujian, Henan. 

水銀竹(華箬竹) Chinese Cane 

Indocalamus sinicus (Hance) Nakai 

(Arundinaria sinica Hance) 



or thickets. 


柳葉箬屬 Isachne R. Br. 

白花柳葉箬 

Isachne albens Trin. 



Loc.: Hong Kong. On grasslands, hillslopes 

and in valleys. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, Guizhou, 

Sichuan, Fujian, Taiwan. Tropical Asia. 

Isachne firmula Büse 

Hab.: Herb. 

Loc.: Tai Mo Shan. 

Dist.: Tropical and subtropical regions.

柳葉箬 Globose Zo-sasa, Globose Twinball 無芒鴨嘴草 Awnless Duck-break 

Grass 

Ischaemum muticum L. 

Isachne globosa (Thunb.) Kuntze 


Hab.: Perennial herb. Flowering & fruiting: summer to autumn. 


Loc.: Hong Kong. On coastal area. 


Dist.: Widely distributed in China. Japan, India, 

Dist.: Taiwan. S to SE Asia. 

Malaysia, Philippines, Pacific Islands, 田間鴨嘴草 Wrinkled Duck-beak 

Australia. 

Ischaemum rugosum Salisb. 

鴨嘴草屬 Ischaemum L. 



鴨嘴草 Duck-beak Grass, Turf Grass 

Loc.: Hong Kong. In wet places. 

Ischaemum aristatum var. glaucum (Honda) 

Dist.: Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, Hunan, 

T. Koyama (Ischarmum fieldingianum 

Taiwan. India, Indochina, SE Asia. 

auct. non Rendle: Check List HK Pl. 

1993.) 

李氏禾屬 Leersia Swartz 

Hab.: Perennial herb. Flowering & fruiting: 李氏禾 Club Head Cutgrass, Bareet Grass 

Jul.-Oct. 

Leersia hexandra Swartz 

Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. In wet places. Hab.: Perennial herb. Flowering & fruiting: 

Dist.: Fujian, Jiangsu, Zhejiang. Japan. 


Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. Along streams, 

粗毛鴨嘴草 Bearded Duck-beak, Barbate in marshes. 

Turf Grass 

Dist.: Hainan, Fujian, Taiwan. Tropics. 

Ischaemum barbatum Retz. 


千金子屬 Leptochloa P. Beauv. 


千金子 Chinese Sprangletop, Field Grass 


Leptochloa chinensis (L.) Nees 

hillslopes. 


Dist.: Widely distributed in China. S to SE 

Aug.-Nov. 

Asia. 


Dist.: E, C & SW China, Shaanxi. Subtropical 

細毛鴨嘴草 India Duck-beak, India Turf 

Grass 

and temperate regions of the Old World. 

Ischaemum indicum (Houtt.) Merr. 

蟣子草 Thread Sprangletop 


Leptochloa panicea (Retz.) Ohwi 

Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. In grasses and 


open fields. 

Loc.: New Territories. In farmland. 


Dist.: S, E, C & SW China, Shaanxi. Tropical 

Zhejiang, Taiwan. India, Indochina, SE 

Asia. 

Uses: Forage. 

339 

and subtropical regions.

黑麥草屬 Lolium L. 

黑麥草 Perennial Ryegrass 

†*Lolium perenne L. 


Loc.: Cape D’Aguilar, Tseng Lan Shue. 

Dist.: Native to Europe. 

淡竹葉屬 Lophatherum Brong 

淡竹葉 Common Lophantherum, Sasagrass 

Lophatherum gracile Brongn. 


Jun.-Oct. 


Dist.: Areas S of Changjiang River. New 

Guinea, India, Malaysia, Japan. 


糖蜜草屬 Melinis P. Beauv. 

糖蜜草 Molasses Grass 

*Melinis minutiflora P. Beauv. 

Hab.: Herb. 

Loc.: So Kon Po, Yau Tong Wan. 

Dist.: Sichuan (cultivated). Native to Brazil. 

梨竹屬 Melocanna Trin. 

梨竹 Muli 

*Melocanna arundina C. E. Parkinson 

[Melocanna baccifera (Roxb.) Kurz] 

Hab.: Running small tree bamboo. 

Loc.: Sheung Shui and gardens (cultivated). 

Dist.: Guangdong, Taiwan (cultivated). India, 

Bangaladesh, Myanmar. 


莠竹屬 Microstegium Nees 


Sichuan, Jiangxi, Fujian, Taiwan. India, 

Myanmar, Thailand, Indonesia (Java), 

Malaysia. 

莠竹 Beardless Microstegium 

†Microstegium nodosum (Kom.) Tzvelev 

Hab.: Annual herbaceous vine. 


Dist.: Jilin, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Jiangsu, 

Guangdong, Sichuan, Yunnan. India, 

Korea, Japan, Russia. 

蔓生莠竹 Vagabondage Microstegium, 

Matting Grass 

†Microstegium vagans (Nees ex Steud.) 

A.Camus 


Aug.-Oct. 

Loc.: Ma On Shan. 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong, Yunnan. India, 

Myanmar, Thailand, Indonesia (Java), 

Malaysia. 

芒屬 Miscanthus Anderss. 

五節芒 Many-flowered Silvergrass, Japanese 

Silvergrass, Sword Grass 

Miscanthus floridulus (Labill) Warb. ex 

Schum. & Lauterb. 




Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Taiwan. SE Asia, 

Pacific Islands, Polynesia. 

剛莠竹 Ciliate Microstegium, Ciliate 

Uses: Forage, pulping, medicinal. 

Sasagrass 

Microstegium ciliatum (Trin.) A.Camus 

Hab.: Perennial procumbent herb. Flowering & 

fruiting: Sept.-Dec. 


芒 Chinese Silvergrass, Eulalia 

Miscanthus sinensis Anderss 


Jul.-Dec. 

Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. On hillslopes 

340

and open fields. 

Dist.: S, E & SW China. Korea, Japan. 

毛儉草屬 Mnesithea Kunth 

毛儉草 

Mnesithea mollicoma (Hance) A. Camus 


autumn. 

Loc.: Hong Kong. On grasslands and in 

thickets. 


Indochina. 

河八王屬 Narenga Bor 

金貓尾 Narenga 

†Narenga fallax (Balansa) Bor 


Aug.-Oct. 

Loc.: Tai Po Kau. On grassy hillslopes. 


SE tropical Asia. 

類蘆屬 Neyraudia Hook. f. 

類蘆(石珍茅) Burma-reed, Reed-like Grass 

Neyraudia reynaudiana (Kunth) Keng ex 

Hitchc. 


Aug.-Dec. 

Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. On river banks. 


Uses: Ornamental, fuel. 

球米草屬 Oplismenus P. Beauv. 

竹葉草 Composite Oplismenus 

Oplismenus compositus (L.) P. Beauv. 

Hab.: Herb. 

Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. In wet places of 

thin forests. 

Dist.: S & SW China. Tropics. 

稻 Rice 

稻屬 Oryza L. 

341 

*Oryza sativa L. 



Dist.: Widely cultivated throughout the world. 

Uses: Food. 

露籽草屬 Ottochloa Dandy 

小花露籽草 Malabar Ottochloa, Forest Grass 

Ottochloa malabarica (L.) Dandy. [Ottochloa 

nodosa var. micrantha (Balansa) Keng f.; 

Ottochloa nodosa auct. non (Kundosa) 

Dandy: Check List HK Pl. 1993.] 

Hab.: Procumbent herb. 

Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. In wet places of 

valleys and on forest margins. 


Taiwan. India, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, 

Malaysia, Philippines. 

黍屬 Panicum L. 

短葉黍 Panic Grass 

Panicum brevifolium L. 




Jiangxi, Yunnan. Africa, tropical Asia. 

藤竹草 

Panicum incomtum Trin. (Panicum 

sarmentosum auct. non Roxb.: Check 



Loc.: Causeway Bay, Fung Yuen, Cheung Chau. 

In grasses. 


Fujian, Taiwan. India, Malaysia, 

Philippines, Indonesia. 

大黍 Guinea Grass 

*Panicum maximum Jacq. 

Hab.: Perennial herb.


Dist.: Native to tropical Africa. Guangdong, 

Taiwan (cultivated). 

心葉稷(山黍) Vine Panic Grass 

Panicum notatum Retz. 


Loc.: New Territories. On margins of forests. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, Xizang, 

Fujian, Taiwan. Philippines, Indonesia. 

Dist.: Hubei, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Taiwan. 

Tropics and temperate. 

Uses: Forage. 

長葉雀稗 

Paspalum longifolium Roxb. 


Loc.: Lin Tong Mei. On moist places. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, Taiwan. 

India, Malaysia to Australia, Japan. 

水生黍 Aquatic Panic Grass 

雙穗雀稗 Knotgrass 

Panicum paludosum Roxb. 

Paspalum paspaloides (Michx.)Scribn. 


(Paspalum disticlum auct. non L.: Check 

Loc.: New Territories. On margins of ponds. 


Dist.: Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Taiwan, Hab.: Perennial herb. 

Yunnan. India, Malaysia, Australia. Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. On farmlands. 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangxi, Yunnan, Hubei, 

鋪地黍 Panic Grass 

Jiangsu, Taiwan. Tropical and 

Panicum repens L. 




Uses: Forage. 

Dist.: SE China. Tropical and subtropical 圓果雀稗 Ditch Millet 

regions. 

Paspalum orbiculare Forst 

雀稗屬 Paspalum L. 



兩耳草 Hilo Grass 

Dist.: S & E China, Yunnan, Guizhou. SE Asia 

*Paspalum conjugatum Berg. 


to Australia. 

May-Sept. 

鴨乸草 India Paspalum, Kodo Millet 

Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. On farmlands 

Paspalum scrobiculatum L. 

and in other wet places. 

Hab.: Perennial or annual herb. 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangxi, Yunnan, Taiwan. 


Tropics and temperate. 


Uses: Forage. 

毛花雀稗 

Tropics. 

Uses: Forage. 

*Paspalum dilatatum Poir. 

絲毛雀稗 Ditch Millet 


*Paspalum urvillei Steud. 

May-Jul. 

Loc.: New Territories. On grasslands. 

342 

Hab.: Perennial herb. Flowering & fruiting:

May-Oct. 

Loc.: Hong Kong Island, New Territories. In 

wasteland. 

Dist.: Taiwan (cultivated). Native to Brazil, 

widely naturalized. 

海雀稗 Ditch Millet 

†Paspalum vaginatum Sw. 


Jun.-Sept. 


Dist.: Hainan, Yunnan, Taiwan. Tropical and 


狼尾草屬 Pennisetum Rich. 

狼尾草 Plume Grass 

Pennisetum alopecuroides (L.) Spreng. 


Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. Along roadside, 

on hillslopes and in open areas. 

Dist.: Widely distributed in China. Tropical 

Asia, SE Asia. 

禦穀 American Pennisetum 

†*Pennisetum mezianum Leeke 



Dist.: Native to Africa, cultivated in Asia, 

America. 

Uses: Forage, edible. 

多穗狼尾草 Mission Grass 

*Pennisetum polystachyon (L.) Schult. 



Dist.: Native to Africa, widely naturalized in 

the tropics. 

Uses: Forage. 

象草(紫狼尾草) Napier Grass 

*Pennisetum purpureum Schum. 

343 




Jiangxi (cultivated). Native to Africa, 

introduced to India, Myanmar, Australia, 

America. 

Uses: Forage. 

茅根屬 Perotis Ait. 

茅根 India Peroits 

Perotis indica (L.) Kuntze 


fruiting: summer to autumn. 

Loc.: Hong Kong. On grasslands. 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong, Taiwan. SE Asia. 

大花茅根 Large-flowered Perotis 

Perotis macrantha Honda [Perotis indica auct. 

non (L.) Kuntze: Check List HK Pl. 

1993.] 


fruiting: Jun.-Nov. 

Loc.: Deep Water Bay, Sai Kung (Tai Wan). In 

moist grasses near seashore. 

Dist.: S & SE China. 

虉草屬 Phalaris L. 

虉草 Canary Grass 

*Phalaris canariensis L. 


Loc.: Clear Water Bay. In forests and wet 

places. 

Dist.: Widely naturalized in China. Native to 

Madagascar and N Africa, naturalized 

elsewhere. 


蘆葦屬 Phragmites Trin. 

蘆葦 Common Reedgrass 

Phragmites australis (Cav.) Steud. 

(Phragmites communis Trin.)


Loc.: New Territories, Lantau Island. In 

marshes. 


卡開蘆(水竹) Reed 

Phragmites karka (Retz.) Trin . ex Steud. 


Loc.: Mai Po, Lantau Island, Castle Peak. In 

marshes. 

Dist.: S & W China. Tropical Asia, N Australia. 

Uses: Erosion control, ornamental, pulping. 

剛竹屬 Phyllostachys Sieb. & Zucc. 

人面竹(羅漢竹) Fishpole Bamboo 

*Phyllostachys aurea A. & C. Riviere 


Loc.: Cultivated in Kadoorie Farm. 

Dist.: Areas S of Yellow River. 


桂竹 Timber Bamboo 

*Phyllostachys bambusoides Sieb. & Zucc. 


Loc.: Victoria Peak, Hong Kong Botanical and 

Zoological Garden, Lantau Island 

(Ngong Ping) (cultivated). 

Dist.: Areas S of Yellow River. 


筠竹 Yunzhu 

*Phyllostachys glauca f. yunzhu J. L. Lu 



Dist.: Shanxi, Shaanxi, Henan. 


Mau Ping, Sha Tin, Tai Po, Tai Mo Shan, 

Lantau Island. In thickets and forests. 



紫竹 Black Bamboo 

*Phyllostachys nigra (Lodd. ex Lindl.) Munro 

Hab.: Running shrub or small tree bamboo. 

Loc.: Lantau Island (Lung Tsai) and gardens 

(cultivated). 

Dist.: Widely distributed in China (cultivated). 


綠皮黃筋竹 

*Phyllostachys sulphurea cv. Houzeau 

[Phyllostachys viridis cv. Houzeau] 



Dist.: Shandong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, 

Henan. 


烏哺雞竹 Elegant Bamboo 

*Phyllostachys vivax McClure 



Dist.: Jiangsu, Zhejiang. 

早熟禾屬 Poa L. 

早熟禾 Annual Bluegrass 

Poa annua L. 

Hab.: Annual or biennial herb. 

Loc.: Sha Tin. On farmlands and in wet places. 


Uses: Forage; weed. 

金髮草屬 Pogonatherum P. Beauv. 

篌竹(白筍竹、花竹)Broom Bamboo 

金絲草 Golden-hair Grass, Crinite 

Phyllostachys nidularia Munro 

Pogonatherum 


Pogonartherum crinitum (Thunb.) Kunth 

Loc.: Sai Kung, Ma On Shan, Mui Tsz Lam, 

344 

Hab.: Perennial herb.


Dist.: S, C, E & SW China. Japan, Indochina, 

India. 


棒頭草屬 Polypogon Desf. 

長芒棒頭草 Rabbitfoot Grass, Ditch 

Polypogon 

Polypogon monspeliensis (L.) Desf. 


May-Oct. 

Loc.: Hong Kong. In wet place. 


distributed in tropical and temperate 

regions. 

單序草屬 Polytrias Hack. 

單序草 

*Polytrias indica (Houtt.) Veldk. (Polytrias 

amaura Kuntze) 


Loc.: Happy Valley, Repulse Bay. On stony 

slopes. 

Dist.: SE Asia. 

假金髮草屬 Pseudopogonatherum A. 

Camus 

筆草 Brush Grass 

Pseudopogonatherum contortum (Brongn.) 

A. Camus 


Loc.: Sha Tin (Ma Liu Shui). On grassy 

hillslopes. 

Dist.: Indochina, Malesia and Australia. 

刺葉假金髮草 

Indonesia. 

矢竹屬 Pseudosasa Makino ex Nakai 

矢竹 Arrow Bamboo 

*Pseudosasa japonica (Sieb. & Zucc.) Makino 

ex Nakai 



Dist.: Native to Japan. 


紅毛草屬 Rhynchelytrum Nees 

紅毛草 Redtop, Creeping Rhynchelytrum 

Rhynchelytrum repens (Willd.) Hubb. 



Dist.: Guangdong, Guangxi, Taiwan 

(cultivated). Native to South Africa. 

筒軸茅屬 Rottboellia L. f. 

筒軸茅 Itchgrass, Rottboell’s Grass 

Rottboellia exaltata L. f. [Rottboellia 

chinensis (Lour.) W. Clayton] 



Dist.: S & SW China, Fujian, Taiwan. Tropical 

Africa, Asia, Australia. 

甘蔗屬 Saccharum L. 

斑茅 (大密) Reed-like Sugarcane 

Saccharum arundinaceum Retz. 



Dist.: S, C & E China., S Shaanxi. India, 

Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam, Malaysia. 

Uses: Forage. 

Pseudopogonatherum setifolium (Nees) A. 

Camus 

甘蔗 Sugar Cane 


*Saccharum officinarum L. 

Loc.: Sha Tin, Fanling. On hillslopes. 


Dist.: S & E China, Yunnan. Malaysia, Loc.: Cultivated. 

Dist.: Native to India, widely cultivated in 

345

tropical and subtropical regions. 

Uses: Food (sugar), pulping. 

甜根子草(割手密) Wild Cane 

Saccharum spontaneum L. 



plains, riverbank and pebble beaches. 

Dist.: Widely distributed in tropical and 


Uses: Pulping, forage. 

囊穎草屬 Sacciolepis L. 

囊穎草 (滑草) India Cupscale, Panic Grass 

Sacciolepis indica (L.) A. Chase 


Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. On margins of 

paddy fields, in forests. 

Dist.: E, S, SW & C China. India to Japan, 

Australia. 

赤竹屬 Sasa Makino & Shibata 

菲黃竹 

†*Sasa auricoma E. G. Camus 

Hab.: Dwarf running shrub bamboo. 

Loc.: Hong Kong Park (cultivated). 

Dist.: Guangdong, Guangxi, Zhejiang, Jiangsu 

(cultivated). Native to Japan. 


光笹竹 Subglabrous Cane 

†Sasa subglabra McClure 


Loc.: Fo Tan. On hills. 


裂稃草屬 Schizachyrium Nees 

裂稃草 Poverty Grass 

Schizachyrium brevifolium (Sw.) Nees ex 

Büse 


346 

Jul.-Dec. 


hillslopes. 


distributed in temperate and subtropical 

regions. 

紅裂稃草 Red Poverty Grass 

Schizachyrium sanguineum (Retz.) Alston 



in wet places. 


Xizang, Jiangxi, Fujian. India, Myanmar, 

Sri Lanka, Malaysia. 

思簩竹屬 Schizostachyum Nees 

苗仔竹 Bushy Bamboo 

Schizostachyum dumetorum (Hance) Munro 

Hab.: Clumped semiscandent shrub bamboo. 

Loc.: Hong Kong Island, Kowloon, New 

Territories, Lantau Island. In forests or 

thickets. 



沙羅單竹 Fung’s Bamboo 

*Schizostachyum funghomii McClure 




Uses: Ornamental, pulping, weaving. 

思簩竹 Si-lao Bamboo 

*Schizostachyum pseudolima McClure 



Dist.: Hainan. Vietnam. 

Uses: Weaving, ornamental.

狗尾草屬 Setaria P. Beauv. 

大狗尾草 

†Setaria faberii Herrm. 


Loc.: Sha Tin. On hillslopes, in farmland and 

along roadside. 

Dist.: S, C & E China., Sichuan, Heilongjiang. 

SW Japan to South China Sea Islands. 

Uses: Forage. 

莠狗尾草 Perennial Fox-tail 

†Setaria geniculata (Lam.) P. Beauv. 


Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. On hillslopes or 

in wasteland. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Taiwan, 

Yunnan, Jiangxi, Hunan. Widely 

distributed in tropical and subtropical 

regions. 

金色狗尾草 Yellow Bristlegrass, Pale 

Peagon Grass 

Setaria glauca (L.) Beauv. [Setaria pumila 

(Poir.) Roem. & Schult.] 


Loc.: Kwai Chung. In forests, on hillslopes, 

along roadside and in wasteland. 

Dist.: Widely cultivated and naturalized. 

Uses: Forage, forage. 

梁(小米、穀子) Millet 

*Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauv. 


Loc.: Clear Water Bay (cultivated). 

Dist.: Widely cultivated, origin unknown. 

粟 

†*Setaria italica var. germarica (Mill.) 

Schrad. 


347 

Loc.: Cultivated 

Dist.: Widely cultivated in China. 

Uses: Edible. 

褐毛狗尾草 

Setaria pallidifusca (Schumach.) Stapf & 

Hubb. 


Loc.: Wong Chuk Hang, Sai Kung. On 

hillslopes, in wet places. 

Dist.: S, C, E & SW China. Native to Africa, 

widely naturalized in Australia, America 

and Asia. 

棕葉狗尾草 Palm-grass 

Setaria palmifolia (Koen.) Stapf 


Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. In valleys and 

in wet places under forests. 

Dist.: S, C, E & SW China. E Asia, India, 

Malesia, naturalized elsewhere. 

Uses: Edible, medicinal. 

皺葉狗尾草 

Setaria plicta (Lam.) T. Cooke 


Jun.-Oct. 

Loc.: Hong Kong. On hillslopes, in forests. 

Dist.: S, E & SW China. India, Nepal, Sri 

Lanka, Malaysia, Japan. 

倒刺狗尾草 Bristly Fox-tail 

Setaria verticillata (L.) P. Beauv. 


Loc.: Fung Kat Heung. 


唐竹屬 Sinobambusa Makino ex 

Nakai 

唐竹 Temple Bamboo 

*Sinobambusa tootsik (Sieb.) Makino


Loc.: Victoria Peak, HKU campus, Sha Tin 

(cultivated). 

Dist.: Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian. Vietnam. 


高粱屬 Sorghum Moench 

高粱 Sorghum 

*Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench 


Jun.-Sept. 

Loc.: Cultivated . 


石茅(亞刺伯高粱) Johnson Grass 

*Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. 



Loc.: Ma Liu Shui, Tai Po. In valleys, by 

riverside on farmland. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Taiwan, Sichuan 

(naturalized). N Africa, Cacausus, 

Mediterranean region, C, W & S Asia, 

naturalized in warm temperate regions. 

光高粱 Glossy Wild Sorghum 

Sorghum nitidum (Vahl) Pers. 


Loc.: New Territories. On sunny grassy slopes. 

Dist.: S, C, SW & E China. Sri Lanka, India, 

Indochina, Japan, Philippines, Australia. 

擬高粱 False Sorghum 

*Sorghum propingquum (Kunth) Hitchc. 


Loc.: So Kon Po (cultivated). In wet places. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Taiwan. Indochina, Malay 

Peninsula, Philippines, Indonesia. 

蘇丹草 Sudan Grass 

†*Sorghum sudanense (Piper) Stapf 

348 


Jul.-Sept. 

Loc.: So Kon Po (cultivated). 

Dist.: Native to Sudan, widely cultivated in 


Uses: Forage. 

稗藎屬 Sphaerocaryum Nees 

稗藎 Water Ball-fruit, Malacca 

Sphaerocaryum 

Sphaerocaryum malaccense (Trin.) Pilger 


Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. In thickets and 

on grassland. 

Dist.: S & E China, Yunnan. India, Sri Lanka, 

Malaysia, Philippines, Vietnam, 

Myanmar. 

鬣刺屬 Spinifex L. 

鬣刺 Littoral Spinegrass 

Spinifex littoreus (Burm. f.) Merr. 


Loc.: Long Ke, Tai Long Sai Wan, Ham Tin 

Wan, Tai Wan, Lantau Island. On sandy 

beach. 


India, Sri Lanka, Malaysia. 

Uses: Erosion control. 

鼠尾栗屬 Sporobolus R. Br. 

鼠尾粟 Australian Smut-grass 

Sporobolus fertilis (Steud.) W. D. Clayton 


Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. In wasteland, 

on slopes, in wet places. 

Dist.: E, C & S China. India, Sri Lanka, 

Thailand, Myanmar, Vietnam, Malaysia, 

Philippines. 

鹽地鼠尾粟 Seashore Dropgrass 

Sporobolus virginicus (L.) Kunth


Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. Along seashore. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Fujian, Zhejiang, Taiwan. 

Tropical America. 

鈍葉草屬 Stenotaphrum Trin. 

光鈍葉草 Glabrous Stenotaphrums, St. 

Augustine Grass 

*Stenotaphrum dimidiatum (L.) Brongn. 


Loc.: Tai Tam, Tai Mo Shan, Nim Shue Wan 

(cultivated). 

Dist.: India. 

鈍葉草 Centipede Grass 

Stenotaphrum helferii Munro ex Hook. f. 


autumn. 

Loc.: Hong Kong Island, Clear Water Bay. On 

moist grasslands and margins of forests. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Yunnan. Tropical Asia 

(Myanmar, Malaysia). 

菅屬 Themeda Forssk. 

黃背草 Japanese Themeda 

Themeda japonica (Willd.)Tanaka (Themeda 

triandra auct. non Forssk.: Check List 

HK Pl. 1993.) 



dry grassy hillslopes. 

Dist.: Xinjiang, Qinghai, Inner Mongolia. 

Japan, Korea. 

Uses: Pulping. 

Aug. to Jan. of the following year. 

Loc.: New Territories. In thickets and grassland 

on hillslopes. 

Dist.: S, C & SW China. India, Indochina, 

Malaysia, Philippines. 

蒭雷草屬 Thuarea Pers. 

蒭雷草 

Thuarea involuta (Forst.) R. Br. ex Roem. 


Apr.-Dec. 

Loc.: Ping Chau. On sandy beaches. 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong, Taiwan. Japan, SE 

Asia, Australia, Madagascar. 

棕葉蘆屬 Thysanolaena Nees 

粽葉蘆 Tiger-grass 

Thysanolaena agrostis Nees [Thysanolaena 

maxima (Roxb. ) Kuntze; Thysanolaena 

latifolia (Han.) Honda] 



grasslands and margins of forests. 


Taiwan. India, Indonesia. 

Uses: Pulping. 

小麥屬 Triticum L. 

普通小麥 Wheat 

*Triticum aestivum L. 



Dist.: Widely cultivated in the world. 

Uses: Food. 

玉蜀黍屬 Zea L. 

菅 Themeda 

玉蜀黍 Maize, Indian Corn 

Themeda villosa (Poir.) A. Camus. [Themeda 

*Zea mays L. 

gigantea var. villosa (Poir.) Hack.; 


Themeda gigantea auct. non (Cav.) 


Hack.: Check List HK Pl. 1993.] 

Dist.: Widely cultivated in the world. 


Uses: Food. 

349

結蔞草屬 Zoysia Willd. 

溝葉結縷草 Manila Grass 

Zoysia matrella (L.) Merr. 


Jul.-Oct. 

Loc.: New Territories. On sandy beaches. 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong, Taiwan. Tropical 

regions of Asia and Australia. 

中華結縷草 

Zoysia sinica Hance 


May-Oct. 

Loc.: Ma On Shan, Castle Peak. On sandy 

beaches, river banks. 

Dist.: S & E China, Hebei, Liaoning. Japan. 

細葉結縷草 Mascarene Grass 

*Zoysia tenuifolia Willd. 


Aug.-Dec. 


Dist.: S China. Widely cultivated in tropical 

Asia, Europe and America. 

361. 香蒲科 Typhaceae 

香蒲屬 Typha L. 

水燭 Narrow-leaved Cat-tail 

†*Typha angustifolia L. 




Europe, N America, Australia. 


362. 鳳梨科 Bromeliaceae 

蜻蜓鳳梨屬 Aechmea Ruiz & Pavón 

蜻蜓鳳梨 Urnplant 

Aechmea fasciata (Lindl.) Baker 


350 


Dist.: Native to Brazil, widely cultivated. 

鳳梨屬 Ananas Mill. 

鳳梨(鳳梨) Pineapple 

*Ananas comosus (L.) Merr. 

Hab.: Herb. 



Fujian. Native to tropical America. 

Uses: Fruit. 

水塔花屬 Billbergia Thunb. 

水塔花 Fool Proof Plant 

*Billbergia pyramidalis Lindl. 

Hab.: Herb. Flowering: Sept. 


Dist.: Native to tropical America, widely 

cultivated in tropical regions. 


姬鳳梨屬 Cryptanthus Otto & A. 

Dietr. 

三色鳳梨 Rainbow Star 

*Cryptanthus bromelioides cv. Tricolor 

Hab.: Herb. 


Dist.: Native to Brazil, widely cultivated in 



王鳳梨屬 Vriesea Lindl. 

紅票 Vriesea 

*Vriesea fosteriana L. B. Sm. 

Hab.: Herb. 




火劍 Flaming-sword 

Vriesea splendens (Brongn.) Len 

Hab.: Herb.




363. 旅人蕉科 Streliziaceae 

旅人蕉屬 Ravenala Adans. 

旅人蕉 Traveller’s Tree 

*Ravenala madagascariensis Sonn. 

Hab.: Tree. 


Dist.: Native to Madagascar, widely cultivated 

in tropical regions. 


鶴望蘭屬 Strelitzia Aiton 

大鶴望蘭(扇蕉) Big Bird-of-paradise 

*Strelitzia nicolai Regel & Koern. 

Hab.: Tree. 


Dist.: Native to Africa, widely cultivated in 



鶴望蘭(天堂鳥蕉) Bird-of-paradise 

*Strelitzia reginae Aiton 

Hab.: Perennial herb. Flowering: winter. 


Dist.: Native to S Africa, widely cultivated in 



365. 芭蕉科 Musaceae 

芭蕉屬 Musa L. 

香蕉 Dwarf Banana 

†*Musa acuminata cv. Cavendishii 

Hab.: Perennial herb. Flowering: all year 

round. 


Dist.: Native to S China, widely cultivated in 


351 

Uses: Fruit. 

野蕉 Wild Banana 

†Musa balbisiana Colla 


Loc.: Tai Mo Shan. In moist places. 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan. S 

& SE Asia. 

紅蕉 Flowering Banana 

†*Musa coccinea Andr. 

Hab.: Perennial herb. Flowering: nearly year 

around. 


Dist.: Yunnan, Guangxi, Guangdong. 


大蕉(甘蕉) Common Banana 

*Musa × paradisiaca L. (Musa paradisiaca 

var. sapientum Kuntze) 

Hab.: Perennial herb. Flowering: all year 

round. 



Fujian, Taiwan. Native to India & 

Malaysia. 

Uses: Fruit. 

367. 薑科 Zingiberaceae 

山薑屬 Alpinia Roxb. 

距花山薑 India Galangal 

Alpinia calcarata Rosc. 

Hab.: Perennial herb. Flowering: May-Sept. 

Loc.: Clear Water Bay, Tai Au Mun, Tin Ha 

Village. In forests or cultivated. 

Dist.: Guangdong. India, Sri Lanka. 


紅豆蔻 Great Galangal 

Alpinia galanga (L.) Swartz

Hab.: Perennial herb. Flowering: May-Aug.; 

fruiting: Sept.-Nov. 

Loc.: Victoria Peak, Shing Mun, Ma Lam Wat, 

Tsung Tsai Yuen, Sha Lo Tung, Chung 

Mei, Nam Chung. In secondary forests 

and thickets. 


Fujian. Tropical Asia. 


草豆蔻 Hainan Galangal, Katsumada 

Galangal, Cao-dou-kou 

Alpinia hainanensis K. Schum. (Alpinia 

katsumadai Hayata) 

Hab.: Perennial herb. Flowering: Apr.-Jun.; 

fruiting: May-Aug. 




山薑 

†Alpinia japonica Miq. 


Loc.: Sunset Peak. 

Dist.: SE to SW China. Japan. 


箭稈風 Jianganfeng 

†Alpinia jianganfeng T. L. Wu 



Loc.: Sunset Peak. In thickets and thin forests. 



華山薑 Chinese Galangal 

Alpinia oblongifolia Hayata [Alpinia chinensis 

auct. non (Retz.) Rosc.: Check List HK 

Pl. 1993.] 

Hab.: Perennial herb. Flowering: May-Jul.; 

352 

fruiting: Jun.-Dec. 

Loc.: Hong Kong Island, Tai Mo Shan, Chuk 

Kok. In forests. 

Dist.: SW to SE China. 


高良薑 Galangal 

Alpinia officinarium Hance 

Hab.: Perennial herb. Flowering: Apr.-Sept.; 

fruiting: May-Nov. 

Loc.: Tai Au Mun, Clear Water Bay, Tung 

Lung Chau. In thickets and thin forests. 



密苞山薑 Dense Bract Glangal 

Alpinia stachyoides Hance 


fruiting: Aug.-Dec. 



Jiangxi. 


豔山薑 Shell Ginger 

Alpinia zerumbet (Pers.) Burtt & Smith 




Dist.: SW to SE China. 


花葉豔山薑 Variegated Shell Ginger 

*Alpinia zerumbet cv. Variegata 



Loc.: Hong Kong (cultivated). 

Dist.: Widely cultivated in tropical regions. 

Uses: Ornamental.

薑黃屬 Curcuma L. 

郁金 Aromatic Tumeric 

Curcuma aromatica Salisb. 

Hab.: Perennial herb. Flowering: Apr.-Jun. 

Loc.: Shing Mun, Mau Ping, Tai Po. 

Dist.: SW to SE China. Widely cultilvated in 

SE Asia. 

Uses: Spice, medicinal. 

薑黃 

*Curcuma longa L. 


Loc.: Hong Kong (cultivated). 


Sichuan, Jiangxi, Fujian, Taiwan. 

Uses: Medicinal, dye. 

火炬薑屬 Etlingera Giseke 

火炬薑 Torch Ginger 

†*Etlingera elatior (Jack) R. M. Smith 

Hab.: Perennial herb. Flowering; May. 


Dist.: Yunnan, Guangdong (cultivated). Native 

to Malaysia, widely cultivated in 

Tropical Asia. 


薑花屬 Hedychium Koen. 

紅薑花 Scarlet Ginger-lily 

†*Hedychium coccineum Buch.-Ham. 

Hab.: Perennial herb. Flowering: Jun.-Aug.; 

fruiting: Oct. 


Dist.: Guangxi, Yunnan, Xizang. In forests. 


薑花 Butterfly Lily, Ginger Lily 

*Hedychium coronarium Koen. 

Hab.: Perennial herb. Flowering: Aug.-Dec. 



353 

Sichuan, Hunan, Taiwan. Tropical Asia 

to Australia. 

Uses: Ornamental, medicinal. 

印度薑花 Kahii Ginger, Indian Ginger Lily 

*Hedychium gardenrianum Wall. 

Hab.: Perennial herb. Flowering: Jun. 


Dist.: Guangdong, Yunnan (cultivated). Native 

to India. 


山柰屬 Kaempferia L. 

花葉山柰 Pretty Resurrection Lily 

†*Kaempferia pulchra Ridl. 



Dist.: Guangdong. Tropical Asia. 


土田七屬 Stahlianthus Kuntze 

土田七(薑三七) Involucrate Stahlianthus, 

Ginger Sanchi 

*Stahlianthus involucratus (King ex Bak.) 

Craib 

Hab.: Perennial herb. Flowering: May-Jun. 



Fujian. India, Sikkim. 


薑屬 Zingiber Boehm. 

珊瑚薑 Coral Ginger 

†Zingiber corallinum Hance 


fruiting: Aug.-Oct. 

Loc.: Tai Mo Shan, Tai Long Sai Wan. In 

forests or cultivated. 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi.

全唇薑 Entire Lip Ginger 

Zingiber integrilabrum Hance 


Loc.: Mount Gough. In forests. 

Dist.: Endemic. 

蘘荷 Mioga Ginger 

†Zingiber mioga (Thunb.) Rosc. 

Hab.: Perennial herb. Flowering: Apr.-Oct. 

Loc.: Sunset Peak. On wet places in valleys. 

Dist.: E & S China, Guizhou. Japan. 

Uses: Medicinal, edible. 

薑 Ginger 

*Zingiber officinale (Willd.) Rosc. 

Hab.: Perennial herb. Flowering: autumn. 


Dist.: Widely cultivated in tropical and 


Uses: Spice, medicinal. 

陽荷 Striolate Ginger, White-bract Ginger 

†Zingiber striolatum Diels 

Hab.: Perennial herb. Flowering: Jul.-Sept.; 


Loc.: Tai Mo Shan. In forests. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Sichuan, 

Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi. 

紅球薑 Wild Ginger 

Zingiber zerumbet (L.) Smith 



Loc.: Tai Tam Tuk, Pok Fu Lam, Peel Rise, 

Bowen Rd., Fung Yuen. 

Dist.: Yunnan, Guangxi, Hainan, Guangdong. 



368. 閉鞘薑科 Costaceae 

閉鞘薑屬 Costus L. 

閉鞘薑 Craper Ginger 

Costus speciosus (Koen.) Smith 



Loc.: Mount Gough, Tai Hang Rd. In thin 

forests. 


Taiwan. Tropical Asia. 


369. 美人蕉科 Cannaceae 

美人蕉屬 Canna L. 

大美人蕉 Common Garden Canna 

*Canna × generalis L. H. Bailey (Canna × 

orchioides L. H. Bailey) 

Hab.: Perennial herb. Flowering: summer to 

autumn. 


Dist.: Widely cultivated in tropical and 


Uses: Ornamental. Many varieties, common 

ones are ‘President’, ‘Striates’, ‘Scarlet 

Beauty’ and ‘King Humbert’. 

粉美人蕉 

†*Canna glauca L. 


autumn. 


Dist.: Widely distributed in China. Native to 

S America, West Indies. 


美人蕉 Indian Canna 

*Canna indica L. 

Hab.: Perennial herb. Flowering: Mar.-Dec. 


Dist.: Widely cultivated in China. Native to 

354

India. 


370. 竹芋科 Marantaceae 

肖竹芋屬 Calathea G. Meyer 

肖竹芋 Calathea 

*Calathea ornata (Lindl.) Koen. 



Dist.: Taiwan (cultivated). Native to S 

America. 


絨葉肖竹芋(斑葉肖竹芋) Zebra Plant 

*Calathea zebrina (Sims) Lindl. 



Dist.: Guangdong, Taiwan. Native to Brazil. 


竹芋屬 Maranta L. 

竹芋 Arrowroot 

*Maranta arundinacea L. 


autumn. 



America, widely cultivated in tropical 

regions. 

Uses: Edible. 

花葉竹芋 Maranta 

*Maranta bicolor Ker 


autumn. 


Dist.: Guangdong, Guangxi (cultivated). Native 

to Brazil. 


355 

柊葉屬 Phrynium Willd. 

尖苞柊葉 

Phrynium placentarium Lour. 

Hab.: Perennial herb. Flowering: Feb.-May. 

Loc.: Tai Po. 

Dist.: Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi, Hainan, 

Guangdong. S to SE Asia. 

柊葉 

Phrynium rheedei Suresh & Nicols. 

(Phrynium capitatum Willd.) 

Hab.: Perennial herb. Flowering: Feb.-Jul. 

Loc.: Tai Mo Shan, Ma On Shan. In forests. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan. India, 

Vietnam. 

紫背竹芋屬 Stromanthe Sond. 

紫背竹芋 Stromanthe 

*Stromanthe sanguinea Sond. 



Dist.: Guangdong (cultivated). Native to 

Brazil. 


371. 田蔥科 Philydraceae 

田蔥屬 Philydrum Banks ex Gaertn. 

田蔥 Woolly Philydrum, Woolly Grass 

Philydrum lanuginosum Banks ex Gaertn. 

Hab.: Perennial herb. Flowering: Jun.-Dec. 

Loc.: Lan Nai Wan, Tai Lam Chung, Sai Kung, 

Ham Tin, Yung Shue O, Wang Toi Shan, 

Lantau Island. 


Taiwan. S Asia to Australia. 

Uses: Medicinal.

372. 雨久花科 Pontederiaceae 

鳳眼藍屬 Eichhornia Kunth 

鳳眼藍(大水萍、水浮蓮) Water Hyacinth 

*Eichhornia crassipes (C. Mart.) Solms-Laub. 

Hab.: Aquatic herb. Flowering: summer to 

autumn. 

Loc.: Cultivated or wild. In ponds and rivers. 

Dist.: Widely naturalized in freshwater bodies 

along Changjiang River, Yellow River 

and in S China. Native to tropical 

America, widely naturalized in tropical 

and subtropical regions. 

Uses: Forage; noxious weed. 

雨久花屬 Monochoria C. Presl 

箭葉雨久花 Monochoria 

Monochoria hastata (L.) Solms-Laub. 

Hab.: Aquatic herb. Flowering: Aug. to Mar. of 

the following year. 

Loc.: Fanling. In paddy fields and ponds. 

Dist.: S China. SE Asia. 

Uses: Forage. 

鴨舌草 Duck’s Tongue Grass 

Monochoria vaginalis (Burm. f.) Kunth 

Hab.: Aquatic herb. Flowering: Jun. to Apr. of 


Loc.: Sha Tin, Tai Wan, She Shan Tsuen, Tai 

Ho. In paddy field or wet places. 

Dist.: Widely distributed in China. India to 

Malaysia, Korea. 

Uses: Forage. 

373. 血皮草科 Haemodoraceae 

劍葉草屬 Xiphidium Aubl. 

劍葉草 

†*Xiphidium coeruleum Aubl. 

Hab.: Herb. 


Dist.: Native to West Indies. 


375. 百合科 Liliaceae (incl. 

Amaryllidaceae) 

百子蓮屬 Agapanthus L’Herit. 

百子蓮 African Lily 

*Agapanthus africanus (L.) Hoffm. 



Dist.: South Africa, S America, Mediterranean 

regions. 



356 

蔥屬 Allium L. 

分蔥(香蔥) Schallot 

*Allium ascalonicum L. 

Hab.: Herb. 


Dist.: Widely distributed in temperate and 

subtropical regions in the world. 

Uses: Edible. 

洋蔥 Onion 

*Allium cepa L. 



Dist.: Native to W Asia, widely cultivated in 

temperate and subtropical regions. 

Uses: Edible. 

蕎頭 Chinese Onion 

*Allium chinense G. Don 



Dist.: Native to China, widely cultivated in 

temperate and subtropical regions. 


蔥 Welsh Onion 

*Allium fistulosum L.


Dist.: Widely cultivated in temperate and 


Uses: Vegetable. 

寬葉韭 

†*Allium hookeri Thwaites 



Dist.: S & SW China. India, Bhutan. 

Uses: Vegetable, medicinal. 

大蒜 Leek 

Leek 

*Allium porrum L. 



Dist.: Widely cultivated in temperate and 



蒜頭 Garlic 

*Allium sativum L. 



Dist.: Native to W Asia and Europe, widely 

cultivated. 


韭 Chinese Chives 

*Allium tuberosum Rottl. ex Spreng. 



Dist.: Native to E & S Asia, widely cultivated. 

Uses: Edible. 

六出花屬 Alstroemeria L. 

*Alstroemeria psittacina Lehm. 

Hab.: Herb. 



357 


天門冬屬 Asparagus L. 

天門冬 Wild Asparagus 

Asparagus cochinchinensis (Lour.) Merr. 

Hab.: Scandent subshrub. Flowering: summer. 


Dist.: SE China. Vietnam. 


非洲天門冬 Sprenger’s Asparagus, Garden 

Asparagus 

*Asparagus densiflorus cv. Sprengeri 

Hab.: Scandent subshrub. Flowering; May-Jun.; 

fruiting: Nov. 


Dist.: Widely cultivated in China (cultivated). 

Native to S Africa. 


文竹 Asparagus Fern 

†Asparagus setaceus (Kunth) Jessop 

Hab.: Scandent shrub. Flowering: Jun. 


Dist.: Native to S Africa, widely cultivated. 


蜘蛛抱蛋屬 Aspidistra Ker-Gawl. 

蜘蛛抱蛋(一葉蘭) Cast-iron Plant 

Aspidistra elatior Blume (Aspidistra lurida 

auct. non Ker-Gawl.: Check List HK Pl. 

1993.) 

Hab.: Perennial herb. Flowering: Feb.-Jun. 


Dist.: Widely cultivated in China. Japan. 


小花蜘蛛抱蛋 Small-flowered Aspidistra 

Aspidistra minutiflora Stapf 

Hab.: Perennial herb. Flowering: Jul.-Oct. 

Loc.: Tai Mo Shan, Lantau Island. On moist

ocks. 

Dist.: Guizhou, Guangxi, Guangdong. 


紫點蜘蛛抱蛋 

Aspidistra punctata Lindl. 

Hab.: Perennial herb. Flowering: Feb. 

Loc.: Hong Kong Island. 



白絲草屬 Chionographis Maxim. 

中國白絲草 Chinese Chionographis 

Chionographis chinensis Krause 

(Chionographis japonica auct. non 

Maxim.: Check List HK Pl. 1993.) 

Hab.: Perennial herb. Flowering: Apr.-May; 

fruiting: Jun. 


Dist.: Guangxi, Guangdong, Hunan, Fujian. 

吊蘭屬 Chlorophytum Ker-Gawl. 

吊蘭 Bracket Plant 

*Chlorophytum comosum (Thunb.) Baker 


fruiting: Aug. 


Dist.: Native to S Africa, widely cultivated in 

China. 


小花吊蘭 Small-flowered Bracket Plant 

Chlorophytum laxum R. Br. 


Jun.-Aug. 

Loc.: Chai Wan, Tai Tam Tuk, Lantau Island. 

In shade places of forests. 



358 

君子蘭屬 Clivia Lindl. 

君子蘭 Scarlet Kaffirlily 

*Clivia miniata Regel 



Dist.: S Africa. 


文殊蘭屬 Crinum L. 

文殊蘭 Chinese Crinum, St. John’s Lily 

Crinum asiaticum var. sinicum (Roxb. ex 

Herb.) Baker 

Hab.: Perennial herb. Flowering: summer. 

Loc.: Tai Long Sai Wan, Ham Tin Wan, Tai 

Wan, Long Ke, Lantau Island. On sandy 

beach and river banks. 

Dist.: Fujian, Taiwan, Guangdong, Guangxi. 


西南文殊蘭 (大葉文殊蘭) Broad-leaved 

Crinum 

*Crinum latifolium L. 

Hab.: Perennial herb. Flowering: summer. 


Dist.: Guangxi, Guizhou, Yunnan. Vietnam, 

India, Malaysia. 


仙茅屬 Curculigo Gaertn. 

大葉仙茅 Large-leaved Curculigo 

Curculigo capitulata (Lour.) Kuntze 

Hab.: Perennial herb. Flowering; May-Jun.; 


Loc.: Mount Parker, Lantau Island. On shade 

and moist places in forests. 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, 

Yunnan, Sichuan, Xizang, Fujian, 

Taiwan. S to SE Asia.

仙茅 Golden-eyed Grass 

Curculigo orchioides Gaertn. 

Hab.: Perennial herb. Flowering: Apr.-Sept. 


Dist.: S, E & SW China. SE Asia, Japan. 


曲花屬 Cyrtanthus Aiton 

南非百合 South African Lily 

*Cyrtanthus mackenii Hook. f. 

Hab.: Herb. 


Dist.: Native to South Africa. 


山菅蘭屬 Dianella Lam. 

山菅蘭 Dianella 

Dianella ensifolia (L.) DC. 

Hab.: Perennial herb. Flowering: Mar.-Jul. 



Fujian, Zhejiang, Taiwan. Madagascar, 

tropical Asia to Australia. 

Uses: Poisonous. 

萬壽竹屬 Disporum Salisb. 

萬壽竹(山竹花) Cantonese Fairy Bells 

*Disporum cantoniense (Lour.) Merr. 




Dist.: SW to SE China. India, Thailand. 


寶鐸草 Fairy Bells 

Disporum sessile D. Don 

Hab.: Perennial herb. Flowering: Mar.-May; 


Loc.: Tai Mo Shan, Ma On Shan. In forests or 

thickets. 

Dist.: SW, S, E & N China. 

359 


斑葉草屬 Drimiopsis Lindl. & Paxt. 

斑葉草 Drimiopsis 

*Drimiopsis saundersiae Baker 





南美蘭屬 Eucharis Planch. & Linden 

南美蘭 Amazon Lily 

*Eucharis × grandiflora Planch. & Linden 



Dist.: Native to S America. 


Eurycles Salisb. ex Schult. & Schult. 

f. 

*Eurycles sylvestris Salisb 

Hab.: Herb. 


Dist.: Malaysia, Australia. 


嘉蘭屬 Gloriosa L. 

春嘉蘭 Glory Lily 

*Gloriosa rothschildiana O’Brien 

Hab.: Vine. Flowering: early spring. 




嘉蘭 Crisped Glory Lily, Climbing Lily 

*Gloriosa superba L. 

Hab.: Vine. Flowering: summer to autumn. 


Dist.: Hainan, Yunnan. Vietnam, India, Sri 

Lanka, Africa. 

Uses: Ornamental, poisonous.

網球花屬 Haemanthus L. 

網球花 Blood Lily 

*Haemanthus multiflorus Martyn 



Dist.: Tropical Africa. 


繡球百合 Katherine Blood Lily 

†*Haemanthus katherinae Baker 

Hab.: Herb. 


Dist.: Tropical S Africa. 


萱草屬 Hemerocallis L. 

黃花菜 Citron Day-lily 

†*Hemerocallis citrina Baroni 


May-Aug. 


Dist.: Areas S of Qinling Range. 

Uses: Edible. 

萱草 Day-lily 

*Hemerocallis fulva (L.) L. 

Hab.: Perennial herb. Flowering: Jun.-Sept. 


Dist.: Areas S of Qinling Range. Korea. 

Uses: Ornamental, poisonous (flower). 

朱頂蘭屬 Hippeastrum Herb. 

花朱頂蘭 (朱頂蘭) Barbados Lily 

*Hippeastrum vittatum Ait. (Amaryllis vittata 

Ait. Check List HK Pl. 1993) 



Dist.: S America, Peru. 


360 

玉簪屬 Hosta Tratt. 

玉簪 Fragrant Plantain-lily 

†*Hosta plantaginea (Lam.) Aschers. 


Aug.-Oct. 


Dist.: Guangdong, Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan, 

Fujian, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Anhui. 


紫萼 Blue Plantain-lily 

†*Hosta ventricosa (Salisb.) Stearn 

Hab.: Perennial herb. Flowering: Jun.-Jul.; 



Dist.: S, E, C & SW China. 


Hyline Herb. 

†*Hyline worsleyi Mallett 



Dist.: Brazil. 


水鬼蕉屬 Hymenocallis Salisb. 

水鬼蕉 (蜘蛛蘭) American Hymenocallis, 

Spider Lily 

*Hymenocallis littoralis (Jacq.) Salisb. 

(Hymenocallis american Roem.) 





百合屬 Lilium L. 

野百合(淡紫百合) Chinese Lily 

Lilium brownii F. E. Brown ex Miellez 



Loc.: Mount Violet, Shing Mun, Tai Mo Shan,

Clear Water Bay, Kowloon Peak, Tsing 

Yi. 

Dist.: Areas S of Qinling Range. 

Uses: Edible, ornamental. 

卷丹 Tiger Lily 

*Lilium lancifolium Thunb. (Lilium tigrinum 

Ker-Gawl.) 

Hab.: Perennial herb. Flowering: Jul.-Aug.; 



Dist.: Widely distributed in China (cultivated 

or wild). Korea, Japan. 

Uses: Edible. 

麝香百合 White Trumpet Lily 

*Lilium longiflorum Thunb. 




Dist.: Taiwan. Japan. 


美麗百合(鹿子百合) Japanese Lily 

*Lilium speciosum Thunb. 






山麥冬屬 Liriope Lour. 

山麥冬(麥門冬) Lily Turf 

Liriope spicata (Thunb.) Lour. 



Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. Wild or 

cultivated. 

Dist.: Areas S of Yellow River. Vietnam, Japan. 


361 

石蒜屬 Lycoris Herb. 

忽地笑 (脫衣換錦) Golden Lycoris, 

Chinese Amaryllis 

*Lycoris aurea (L’Herit.) Herb. 




Hunan, Hubei, Fujian, Taiwan. Japan, 

Myanmar. 


石蒜 Shorttube Lycoris 

†*Lycoris radiata (L’Herit.) Herb. 



Dist.: Areas S of Qinling Range. Japan. 


水仙屬 Narcissus L. 

水仙 Narcissus 

*Narcissus tazetta var. chinensis Roem. 



Dist.: Zhejiang, Fujian. 


Nerine Herb. 

†*Nerine filifolia Baker 


Dist.: Cultivated. 

Dist.: South Africa. 


假蔥屬 Nothoscordum Kunth 

*Nothoscordum gracile (Aiton) Stearn 




Uses: Ornamental.

沿階草屬 Ophiopogon Ker-Gawl. 

花葉沿階草 Jaburan Lily-turf 

†*Ophiopogon jaburan (Sieb.) Lodd. 


Mar.-Jul. 




麥冬(沿階草) Blue Grass 

Ophiopogon japonicus (L. f.) Ker-Gawl. 




Dist.: SW, S & E China, Henan, Hebei, 

Shaanxi. Vietnam, India, Japan. 


Loc.: Lantau Island, Sunset Peak, Shek O Rd. 

In wet places of forests. 

Dist.: SW, S C & E China, Taiwan. 

球子草屬 Peliosanthes Andr. 

大蓋球子草 

Peliosanthes macrostegia Hance 



Loc.: Tai Mo Shan. In thickets or cultivated. 


Sichuan, Taiwan. 

吉祥草屬 Reineckia Kunth 

吉祥草 Pink Reineckia 

*Reineckia carnea (Andr.) Kunth 


Jul.-Nov. 

廣東沿階草 Guangdong Lily-turf 


Dist.: SW, C & E China. 

*Ophiopogon reversus Huang 


Hab.: Perennial herb. Flowering: Sept.-Oct.; 

fruiting: Dec. to Mar. of the following 

綿棗兒屬 Scilla L. 

year. 

綿棗兒(天蒜) Squill 

Loc.: Mount Violet, Mount Parker, Tai Mo Scilla scilloides (Lindl.) Druce [Scilla sinensis 

Shan, Tai Po. In wet places of forests. 

(Lour.) Merr.] 



全能花屬 Pancratium L. 

Jul.-Nov. 

Loc.: Cape D’Aguilar, Mount Violet, Tai Tam 

全能花 Two-flowered Pancratium 

Tuk, Victoria Peak. 

*Pancratium biflorum Roxb. 



Japan, Russia. 


Dist.: India. 

龍頭花屬 Sprekelia Heister 


龍頭花 (火燕蘭) Aztecilily 

重樓屬 Paris L. 

†*Sprekelia formosissima (L.) Herb. 


華重樓(重樓) Love Apple 


Paris polyphylla Sm. var. chinensis (Franch.) Dist.: Mexico. 

Hara 



362 

Uses: Ornamental.

異蕊草屬 Thysanotus R. Br. 

異蕊草 Chinese Fringe Lily 

Thysanotus chinensis Benth. 


May-Dec. 

Loc.: Aberdeen, Fanling, So Kwun Wat. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Fujian, SE Asia to Australia. 

蒜味草屬 Tulbaghia L. 

蒜味草 Society Garlic 

*Tulbaghia violacea Harv. 





鬱金香屬 Tulipa L. 

鬱金香 Tulip 

*Tulipa gesneriana L. 

Hab.: Perennial herb. Flowering: Apr.-May. 


Dist.: Widely cultivated. Europe, C Asia. 


開口箭屬 Tupistra Ker-Gawl. 

彎蕊開口箭 Watt‘s Tupistra 

†Tupistra wattii (C. B. Clarke) Hook. f. 

Hab.: Perennial herb. Flowering: Feb.-May. 

Loc.: Tai Mo Shan. In forests. 


Sichuan. 

Vallota Salisb. ex Herb. 

Vallota speciosa Th. Dur. & Schinz. 

[Veratrum maackii subsp. formosanum 

(Loes.) J. H. Zimmerm.] 

Hab.: Perennial herb. Flowering: Feb.-Aug.; 


Loc.: Mount Parker, Tai Mo Shan, Sunset Peak, 

Lantau Peak. In forests and on 

grasslands. 

Dist.: SW, S & E China. 

蔥蓮屬 Zephyranthes Herb. 

蔥蓮 (玉簾) Autumn Zephyr-lily, White 

Zephyr Flower 

*Zephyranthes candida (Lindl.) Herb. 





韭蓮(風雨花) Rose-pink Zephyr-lily, Zephyr 

Flower 

*Zephyranthes grandiflora Lindl. 





玫瑰蔥蓮 Cuban Zephyr-lily 

†*Zephyranthes rosea Lindl. 





376. 鳶尾科 Iridaceae 



射干屬 Belamcanda Adans. 

Dist.: South Africa. 

射干 Black-berry Lily 


*Belamcanda chinensis (L.) DC. 

藜蘆屬 Veratrum L. 



黑紫藜蘆 Japanese False Hellebore 


Veratrum japonicum (Baker) Loes. f. Dist.: Widely distributed in China. Vietnam, 

363

India, Japan, Russia, Korea. 


雄黃蘭屬 Crocosmia Planch. 

雄黃蘭 Montbretia 

*Crocosmia × crocosmiflora (Burb. & Dean) 

N. E. Br. 

Hab.: Perennial herb. Flowering: Jul.-Aug.; 



Dist.: Widely cultivated in China. 


香雪蘭屬 Freesia Ecklon ex Klatt 

香雪蘭 Freesia 

*Freesia refracta Klatt 


fruiting: Jun.-Sept. 


Dist.: Widely cultivated in China. Native to 

South Africa. 


唐菖蒲屬 Gladiolus L. 

唐菖蒲 Gladiolus 

*Gladiolus × gandavensis van Houtte 






鳶尾屬 Iris L. 

蝴蝶花 Fringed Iris 

†*Iris japonica Thunb. 

Hab.: Perennial herb. Flowering: Mar.-Apr.; 

fruiting: May-Jun. 


Dist.: SW, S, C & E China, Gansu, Shaanxi. 

Japan. 


小花鳶尾 Hong Kong Iris 

Iris speculatrix Hance 


Jul.-Aug. 

Loc.: Cape D’Aguilar, Tai Tam, Sunset Peak, 

Po Toi Islands. In forests and on moist 

grasslands. 

Dist.: SW, S and E China. 

鳶尾 Crested Iris 

*Iris tectorum Maxim. 


fruiting: Jun.-Aug. 


Dist.: SW, S, E & N China. 


肖鳶尾屬 Moraea Mill. 

肖鳶尾 African Iris 

*Moraea iridioides L. 


fruiting: Jun.-Aug. 


Dist.: Tropical Africa. 


新瑪麗雅屬 Neomarica Sprag. 

新瑪麗雅 Walking Iris 

*Neomarica northiana (Schneev.) Sprag. 



Dist.: Native to Brazil. 


庭菖蒲屬 Sisyrinchium L. 

*Sisyrinchium rosulatum E. P. Brick. 


Loc.: Sunset Peak (naturalized). 

Dist.: Native to S America. 

南非鳶尾屬 Sparaxis Ker-Gawl. 

南非鳶尾 Large-flowered Wand-flowered 

364

*Sparaxis grandiflora Ker-Gawl. 

Hab.: Perennial herb. Flowering: Mar. 




虎皮花屬 Trigridia Juss. 

虎皮花 

*Trigridia pavonia (L. f.) Ker-Gawl. 

Hab.: Perennial herb. Flowering: Jul. 


Dist.: Native to Guatemala, Mexico. 


378. 蘆薈科 Aloeaceae 

蘆薈屬 Aloe L. 

蘆薈 Chinese Aloe, Barbados Aloe 

*Aloe vera var. chinensis (Haw.) Berg. 



Dist.: S China. India. 


火把花屬 Kniphofia Moench. 

火把花 Torch Lily, Torch-flower, Poker Plant 

*Kniphofia uvaria Hook. 

Hab.: Perennial herb. Flowering: Mar. 




379. 龍舌蘭科 Agavaceae 

龍舌蘭屬 Agave L. 

龍舌蘭 Century Plant 

†*Agave americana L. 



Dist.: S China (cultivated). Native to America. 

Uses: Ornamental, fiber. 

狹葉龍舌蘭 Narrow-leaved Century Plant 

365 

*Agave angustifolia Haw. 



Dist.: Tropical regions (cultivated). 


朱蕉屬 Cordyline Comm. ex Juss. 

朱蕉(鐵樹) Tree of King, Iron Plant 

*Cordyline fruticosa (L.) A. Cheval 

[Cordyline terminalis (L.) Kunth] 

Hab.: Perennial shrubby herb. Flowering: Aug. 



Taiwan. Widely cultivated in Tropical 

Asia. 


龍血樹屬 Dracaena Vand. ex L. 

長花龍血樹 Narrow-leaved Dracaena 

†*Dracaena angustifolia Roxb. 



Dist.: Hainan, Yunnan, Taiwan. SE Asia. 


龍血樹(龍樹) Dragon Tree 

*Dracaena draco L. 



Dist.: Native to Canary Islands. 


巴西鐵樹 Fragrant Dragon Tree 

*Dracaena fragrans (L.) Ker-Gawl. 




Uses: Ornamental. Varieties include 

‘Massangiana’ and ‘Rothiana’. 

紅邊鐵樹 Madagascar Dragon Tree,

Margined Dracaena 

*Dracaena marginata Lam. 

Hab.: Tree. 


Dist.: Native to Madagascar. 


分枝鐵樹 Song of India 

†*Dracaena reflexa cv. Variegata [Pleomele 

reflexa (Lam.) N. E. Br.] 

Hab.: Shrub. 


Dist.: Native to Madagascar, widely cultivated 

in the tropics. 


辛氏龍樹 Belgium Evergreen, Sander’s 

Dracaena 

*Dracaena sanderiana Sander ex M. T. Mast. 

Hab.: Shrub. 


Dist.: Native to Africa, widely cutivated in the 

tropics. 


縫線麻屬 Furcraea Vent. 

縫線麻 Giant Cabuya, Green Aloe 

†*Furcraea foetida (L.) Haw. (Furcraea 

gigantea Vent.) 



Dist.: Native to America. 

Uses: Ornamental. Varieties include ‘Striata’. 

晚香玉屬 Polianthes L. 

晚香玉 Tuberose 

*Polianthes tuberosa L. 

Hab.: Perennial herb. Flowering: Aug.-Sept. 


Dist.: Native to Mexico, widely cutivated in the 

tropics. 

366 

Uses: Essential oil. 

虎尾蘭屬 Sansevieria Thunb. 

Spear Sansevieria 

*Sansevieria cylindrica Bojer 



Dist.: Native to Africa, widely cultivated in the 

tropics. 


虎尾蘭 Snake Plant 

*Sansevieria trifasciata Prain 

Hab.: Perennial herb. Flowering: Jul.-Aug. 


Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong (cultivated). Native 

to Africa, widely cultivated in the 

tropics. 


絲蘭屬 Yucca L. 

大絲蘭 Palm Lily, Spanish Dagger 

*Yucca gloriosa L. 

Hab.: Perennial herb. Flowering: May-Aug. 


Dist.: Native to N America, widely cultivated 

in the tropics. 


382. 蒟蒻薯科 Taccaceae 

裂果薯屬 Schizocapsa Hance 

裂果薯 Lobed-fruit Tacca 

Schizocapsa plantaginea Hance [Tacca 

plantaginea (Hance) Drenth] 


Loc.: Repulse Bay, Lady Clementi’s Ride. 


Hunan, Fujian, Jiangxi. Thailand, 

Vietnam, Laos. 

Uses: Medicinal.

383. 百部科 Stemonaceae 

百部屬 Stemona Lour. 

大百部(百部) Stemona 

Stemona tuberosa Lour. 


Loc.: Mount Parker. In wet places of forests. 

Dist.: Areas S of Changjiang River. India, 

Indochina, Philippines. 


384. 菝葜科 Smilacaceae 

肖菝葜屬 Heterosmilax Kunth 

肖菝葜 

Heterosmilax japonica var. gaudichaudiana 

(Kunth) Maxim. 

Hab.: Climbing shrub. Flowering: Jun.-Aug.; 

fruiting: Jul.-Nov. 

Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. On hillslopes. 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian. 

Vietnam. 

菝葜屬 Smilax L. 

灰葉菝葜 Grey-leaved Greenbrier 

†Smilax astrosperma Wang & Tang 

Hab.: Climbing shrub. Flowering: Mar. 

Loc.: Tai Mo Shan, Sunset Peak. In thin 

forests. 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangxi, 

菝葜 Greenbrier 

Smilax china L. 

Hab.: Climbing shrub. Flowering: Feb.-May; 


Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. In thickets or on 

hillslopes. 

Dist.: Areas S of Changjiang River. Myanmar, 

Thailand, Vietnam, Philippines. 

筐條菝葜 Long-leaved Greenbrier 

Smilax corbularia Kunth 

367 

Hab.: Climbing shrub. Flowering: May-Jul.; 

fruiting: Dec. 

Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. In forests or 

thickets. 

Dist.: Yunnan, Hainan, Guangxi, Guangdong. 

Vietnam, Myanmar. 

土茯苓(光葉菝葜) Glabrous Greenbrier 

Smilax glabra Roxb. 

Hab.: Climbing shrub. Flowering: Jul.-Nov.; 

fruiting: Nov. to Apr. of the following 

year. 


thickets. 

Dist.: Areas S of Changjiang River. India, 

Vietnam, Thailand. 


暗色菝葜 Opaque Greenbrier 

Smilax lanceifolia var. opaca A. DC. (Smilax 

lanceifolia auct non Roxb.: Check List 

HK Pl. 1993.) 

Hab.: Climbing shrub. Flowering: Sept.-Nov.; 

fruiting: Nov. to Apr. of the following 

year. 

Loc.: Sai Kung, Tai Po, Lugard Rd., Harlech 

Rd., Lantau Island. In forests and 

thickets. 


Guizhou, Hunan, Jiangxi, Fujian, Taiwan, 

Zhejiang. Indochinato Indonesia. 

385. 薯蕷科 Dioscoreaceae 

薯蕷屬 Dioscorea L. 

參薯 Winged Yam, Greater Yam 

*Dioscorea alata L. 

Hab.: Vine. Flowering: Nov. to Jan. of the 

following year; fruiting: Dec. to Jan. of 


Loc.: Cultivated.

Dist.: Areas S of Changjiang River (cultivated). 

Native to Bangaladesh. 

Uses: Edible; medicinal. 

山藥 Chinese Yam 

Dioscorea batatas Decne. 

Hab.: Vine. Flowering: May-Jul.; fruiting: 

Jul.-Aug. 


Dist.: Widely cultivated in China. E Asia. 

Uses: Edible. 

大青薯(邊氏薯蕷) Bentham’s Yam 

Dioscorea benthamii Prain & Burkill 

Hab.: Vine. Flowering; May-Jun.; fruiting: 

Jul.-Sept. 

Loc.: Ma On Shan, Lantau Island, Sai Kung, 

Shek O. In secondary forests and 

thickets. 


黃獨 Air Potato 

Dioscorea bulbifera L. (Dioscorea sativa auct. 

non L.:Check List HK Pl. 1993.) 

Hab.: Vine. Flowering: Jul.-Oct.; fruiting: 

Aug.-Nov. 

Loc.: Hong Kong Island, Tai Po Kau, Lam 

Tsuen. In secondary forests. 

Dist.: S, E & SW China, Henan, Shaanxi, 

Gansu. 


薯莨 

Dioscorea cirrhosa Lour. 

Hab.: Vine. Flowering: Apr.-Jun.; fruiting: Jul. 

to Jan. of the following year. 

Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. In secondary 

forests. 

Dist.: S, E & SW China. 

Uses: Dye, medicinal. 

368 

山薯 Ford’s Yam 

Dioscorea fordii Prain & Burkill (Dioscorea 

batatas auct. non Decne.: Check List HK 

Pl. 1993.) 

Hab.: Vine. Flowering: Oct. to Nov. of the 

following year. 

Loc.: Hong Kong Island, Tai Po, Fung Yuen, 

Lantau Island. 


Zhejiang. 

福州薯蕷 Foochow Yam 

†Dioscorea futschauensis Uline ex R. Knuth 

Hab.: Vine. Flowering: Jun.-Jul.; fruiting: 

Jul.-Oct. 

Loc.: Mirs Bay (Ping Chau). In secondary 

forests and thickets. 


Zhejiang. 


白薯莨 White Yam 

Dioscorea hispida Dennst. 

Hab.: Vine. Flowering: Apr.-May; fruiting: 

Jul.-Sept. 

Loc.: Hong Kong Island, Fung Yuen, Lin O. In 

lowland secondary forests. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Yunnan, 

Xizang. 

Uses: Medicinal (tuber, poisonous). 

五葉薯蕷 Five-leaved Yam 

Dioscorea pentaphylla L. 

Hab.: Vine. Flowering: Aug.-Oct.; fruiting: 

Nov. to Feb. of the following year. 

Loc.: Ma On Shan, Castle Peak. On margins of 

forests, along roadside. 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Jiangxi, 

Hunan, Fujian, Taiwan, Yunnan, Xizang.

褐苞薯蕷 Brown-bract Yam, Mountain Yam 

Dioscorea persimilis Prain & Burkill 

Hab.: Vine:Flowering: Jul. to Jan. of the 

following year; fruiting: Sept. to Jan. of 


Loc.: Tai Po, Lam Tsuen, Sai Kung, Tai A 

Chau. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan, Yunnan, 

Guizhou. 

387. 水玉簪科 Burmanniaceae 

水玉簪屬 Burmannia L. 

頭花水玉簪 Champion’s Burmannia 

Burmannia championii Thw. 

Hab.: Annual saprophytic herb. Flowering: 

Jun.-Jul. 

Loc.: Mount Violet. On roots of other plants. 

Dist.: Guangdong. Sri Lanka, Malaysia, 

Indonesia, Japan. 

三品一枝花(雛錫杖) Blue Burmannia 

Burmannia coelestis D. Don 


Oct.-Nov. 

Loc.: Sheung Shui. In wet places. 


Jiangxi, Zhejiang. Tropical Asia. 

纖草 Ito Burmannia 

Burmannia itoana Makino 


Nov. 

Loc.: Tai Tam, Shing Mun. In forests. 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Taiwan. 

Japan. 

香港水玉簪 Hong Kong Burmannia 

Burmannia pusilla var. hongkongensis Jonk. 


Aug.-Nov. 

369 

Loc.: Tai Tam, Ho Pui. 

Dist.: SE China. 

亭立(華氏水玉簪) Wallich’s Burmannia 

Burmannia wallichii (Miers) Hook. f. 


Oct.-Nov. 

Loc.: Cape D’Aguilar, Tai Po Kau. 

Dist.: Hainan. India, Myanmar to Malay 

Peninsula, Japan. 

389. 蘭科 Orchidaceae 

脆蘭屬 Acampe Lindl. 

多花脆蘭(蕉蘭) Banana Orchid 

Acampe rigida (Buch.-Ham. ex J. E. Sm.) P. 

Hunt 

Hab.: Epiphytic herb. Flowering: Aug.-Sept.; 

fruiting: Oct.-Nov. 

Loc.: Shek O, Tung Chung, Lantau Island. On 

trees or rocks in forests. 


Guizhou. Tropical Asia, Africa. 

罎花蘭屬 Acanthephippium Blume 

中華罎花蘭(罎花蘭) Chinese Jug Orchid 

Acanthephippium sinense Rolfe 

Hab.: Terrestrial herb. Flowering: Apr. 



開唇蘭屬 Anoectochilus Blume 

小片齒唇蘭 False Jewel Orchid 

Anoectochilus abbreviatus (Lindl.) Seidenf. 

Hab.: Terrestrial herb. Flowering: autumn. 

Loc.: Hong Kong. On hillslopes or in valleys. 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi. Nepal, 

India, Thailand. 

香港金線蘭(容氏開唇蘭) Hong Kong 

Jewel Orchid 

Anoectochilus yungianus S. Y. Hu

Hab.: Terrestrial herb. Flowering: Nov. to Jan. 


Loc.: Tai Mo Shan, Ma On Shan. On shade and 

moist places in forests. 


無葉蘭屬 Aphyllorchis Blume 

無葉蘭 Leafless Yellow Orchid 

Aphyllorchis montana Reichb. f. 

Hab.: Saprophytic herb. 



牛齒蘭屬 Appendicula Blume 

牛齒蘭 Ladder Orchid, Fern-leaf Orchid 

Appendicula cornuta Blume 

Hab.: Epiphytic herb. Flowering: Jul.-Aug.; 


Loc.: Mount Parker, Ma On Shan, Tai Po Kau, 

Wong Lung Hang. On rocks in forests. 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan. S 

to SE Asia. 

竹葉蘭屬 Arundina Blume 

苞葉蘭屬 Brachycorythis Lindl. 

短距苞葉蘭(短盔蘭) Short Spur 

Brachycorythis, Little Big-lip Orchid 

Brachycorythis galeandra (Reichb. f.) Summ. 

Hab.: Terrestrial herb. Flowering: Jun.-Jul. 

Loc.: Victoria Peak, Ma On Shan, Shing Mun. 

On hillslopes or in wet places of valleys. 


Sichuan, Hunan, Taiwan. 

石豆蘭屬 Bulbophyllum Thouars 

赤唇石豆蘭 

Bulbophyllum affine Lindl. 

Hab.: Epiphytic herb. Flowering: May-Jul. 

Loc.: Lantau Island. On rocks along streams. 


Sichuan, Taiwan. Vietnam, Laos, 

Thailand, India, Japan. 

芳香石豆蘭(馥石蘭) Ambrosia Orchid 

Bulbophyllum ambrosium (Hance) Schltr. 

Hab.: Epiphytic herb. Flowering: Mar.-May. 

Loc.: Lantau Island, Tung Chung, Victoria 

竹葉蘭 Bamboo Orchid 

Peak. 

Arundina graminifolia (D. Don) Hochr. 

(Arundina chinensis var. major S. Y. Hu) 

Dist.: Fujian, Guangdong, Hainan, Yunnan. 

Hab.: Terrestrial herb. Flowering: Jul.-Dec. 二色石豆蘭( 二色卷瓣蘭) Two-coloured 


Bulbophyllum, Two-tone Twist Orchid, 

Dist.: C, E, S & SW China. Tropical Asia. 

Long-eared-dog Orchid 


Bulbophyllum bicolor Lindl. [Cirrhopetalum 

白芨屬 Bletilla Reichb. f. 

bicolor (Lindl.) Rolfe] 

Hab.: Epiphytic herb. Flowering; May. 

白芨 Common Bletilla, Purple Ground Loc.: Tai Mo Shan. 

Orchid 

*Bletilla striata (Thunb. ex A. Marray) Reichb. 


f. 

直唇石豆蘭(直唇卷瓣蘭) Straight-lipped 

Hab.: Terrestrial herb. Flowering:Feb.-Mar. 

Bulbophyllum, Straight Twist Orchid, 


Swallow-tail Orchid 

Dist.: Shaanxi, Gansu, Areas S of Changjiang Bulbophyllum delitescens Hance 

River. Korea, Japan. 


370 

[Cirrhopetalum delitescens (Hance)

Rolfe] 

Hab.: Epiphytic herb. Flowering: Feb.-Jul. 

Loc.: Victoria Peak, Cape D’Aguilar, Tai Mo 

Shan . On trunks and rocks in forests. 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong, Yunnan, Xizang, 

Fujian. India, Vietnam. 

廣東石豆蘭 Antennae Orchid 

†Bulbophyllum kwangtungense Schltr. 

(Bulophyllum radiatum auct. non Lindl.: 

Check List HK. Pl. 1993.) 

Hab.: Epiphytic herb. Flowering: May-Aug. 

Loc.: Hong Kong Island, Tsuen Wan, Sha Tin, 

Tai Po, Lantau Island. 

Dist.: Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi, Guangdong, 

Hunan, Jiangxi, Fujian, Zhejiang. 

齒瓣石豆蘭 Levine’s Bulbophyllum 

Bulbophyllum levinei Schltr. 

Hab.: Epiphytic herb. Flowering: May-Aug. 

Loc.: Tai Mo Shan. On trunks and rocks in 

forests. 


Fujian, Zhejiang. 

香石豆蘭(密花石豆蘭) Dense-flowered 

Bulbophyllum, Fragrant Bulbophyllum, 

Pom-pom Orchid 

Bulbophyllum odoratissimum (Sm.) Lindl. 

Hab.: Epiphytic herb. Flowering: Feb.-Jun. 


Dist.: Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan, 

Yunnan, Xizang. Nepal, Sikkim, Bhutan, 

India, Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, 

Vietnam. 

Loc.: Sha Tin. On rocks. 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangxi, Hubei, Fujian, Taiwan, 

Anhui. Vietnam, Laos. 

虎斑卷瓣蘭 Tiger Bulbophyllum, Tiger 

Twist Orchid, Yellow Fan Orchid, Little 

Tiger Orchid 

Bulbophyllum retusiusculum var. tigridum 

(Hance) Z. H. Tsi [Cirrhopetalum 

tigridum (Hance) Rolfe; Bulbophyllum 

tigridum Hance] 

Hab.: Epiphytic herb. Flowering: Sept.-Nov. 

Loc.: Tai Mo Shan. On rocks. 


短足石豆蘭 Hong Kong Bulbophyllum 

Bulbophyllum stenobulbon Par. & Reichb. f. 

(Bulbophyllum youngseyeanum S. Y. Hu 

& Barretto; Bulbophyllum hastatum auct. 

non Tang & Wang: Check List HK Pl. 

1993.) 

Hab.: Epiphytic herb. Flowering: Jan.-May. 

Loc.: Tai Mo Shan. On trunks and rocks in 

forests. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Yunnan. Sikkim, Bhutan, 

Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam. 

香港卷瓣蘭 Hong Kong Twist Orchid, 

Tse-shing-che’s Orchid 

Bulbophyllum tseanum (S. Y. Hu & Barretto) 

Z. H. Tsi (Cirrhopetalum tseanum S. Y. 

Hu & Barretto) 

Hab.: Epiphytic herb. Flowering: Apr. 

Loc.: Sha Tin, Sha Tau Kok. On rocks. 

蝦脊蘭屬 Calanthe R. Br. 

斑唇卷瓣蘭 

二列葉蝦脊蘭(八仙蘭) Yellow-flowered 

Bulbophyllum pectenveneris (Gagnep.) 

Calanthe 

Seidenf. 

Calanthe formosana Rolfe (Calanthe 

Hab.: Epiphytic herb. Flowering: Apr.-Sept. 

patsinensis S. Y. Hu) 

Hab.: Terrestrial herb. Flowering: Oct.-Nov. 

371

Loc.: Tai Po Kau, Pat Sin Leng, Sha Tau Kok. 

On shade and moist places in forests. 

Dist.: Hainan, Taiwan. 

鈎距蝦脊蘭 Common Calanthe 

Calanthe graciliflora Hayata (Calanthe 

discolor auct. non Lindl.: Check List HK 

Pl. 1993.) 

Hab.: Terrestrial herb. Flowering: Mar.-May. 


Dist.: Guangdong, Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, 

Anhui, Zhejiang, Sichuan, Taiwan. 

長距蝦脊蘭(粉紅蝦脊蘭) Forest Calanthe, 

Pink Calanthe, Purple Calanthe 

Calanthe sylvatica (Thou.) Lindl. (Calanthe 

masuca Lindl. var. sinensis Rendle) 

Hab.: Terrestrial herb. Flowering: Apr.-Sept. 


Island. On shade and moist places in 

forests. 


Hunan, Taiwan. Nepal, India, Thailand, 

Malaysia, Indonesia, Japan. 


Cephalantheropsis gracilis (Lindl.) S. Y. Hu 

Hab.: Terrestrial herb. Flowering: Nov.-Mar. of 


Loc.: Victoria Peak, Shing Mun, Pat Sin Leng. 


Fujian, Taiwan. India, Myanmar, Laos, 

Thailand, Malaysia. 

叉柱蘭屬 Cheirostylis Blume 

中華叉柱蘭(甌蘭) Large Caterpillar Orchid, 

Urn Orchid 

Cheirostylis chinensis Rolfe 

Hab.: Epiphytic herb. Flowering: May-Jun. 

Loc.: New Territories. In forests. 

Dist.: Guangxi, Guizhou, Taiwan. Philippines. 

粉紅叉柱蘭(毛甌蘭) Hairy Urn Orchid, 

James Leung’s Caterpiller Orchid 

Cheirostylis jamesleungii S. Y. Hu & Barretto 

Hab.: Terrestrial herb. Flowering: Mar. 

Loc.: Lantau Island. In moist places at 600 m 

above sea level. 


琉球叉柱蘭 

Cheirostylis liukiuensis Masam. 

三褶蝦脊蘭(白花蝦脊蘭) Triplicate Hab.: Terrestrial herb. Flowering: Jan.-Feb. 

Calanthe, White Calanthe 

Loc.: Sha Tin. In valleys. 

Calanthe triplicata (Willemet) Ames 

Hab.: Terrestrial herb. Flowering: Mar.-Jul. 

Dist.: Taiwan. Japan. 

Loc.: Deep Water Bay, Sha Tin, Sha Tau Kok, 箭藥叉柱蘭( 大花甌蘭) Monteiro’s 

Lantau Island. In forests. 

Caterpillar Orchid, Monteiroi’s Orchid 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, Cheirostylis monteiroi S.Y. Hu & Barretto 

Fujian, Taiwan. Tropical Asia, Australia, Hab.: Terrestrial herb. Flowering: Mar.-May. 

Madagascar. 

Loc.: Hong Kong Island (Mount Violet). In 


forests at 300 m above sea level. 

黃蘭屬 Cephalantheropsis 


Guillaumin 

大魯閣叉柱蘭 Bride’s Pool Caterpillar 

嶺南黃蘭 Slender Calanthe, Slender Yellow 

Orchid 

372 

Orchid 

Cheirostylis tatewakii Masamuni ex S. S.

Ying (Cheirostylis clibborndyeri S. Y. 

Hu & Barretto) 

Hab.: Epiphytic herb. Flowering: Jan. 

Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. In forests on 

hillslopes. 


隔距蘭屬 Cleisostoma Blume 

尖喙隔距蘭(福氏隔距蘭) Rostrate 

Cleisostoma 

Cleisostoma fordii Hance [Cleisostoma 

nostiata (Lindl.) Garay] 

Hab.: Epiphytic herb. Flowering: Jul.-Aug. 

Loc.: Nam Chung, Yi O. On trunks and rocks 

in forests. 


Yunnan. Thailand, Laos, Vietnam. 

大序隔距蘭( 多花隔距蘭) Paniculate 

Cleisostoma, Paniculate Bee Orchid 

Cleisostoma paniculatum (Ker-Gawl.) Garay 

[Sarcanthus 

Lindl.] 

panicnlatus (Ker-Gawl.) 

Hab.: Epiphytic herb. Flowering: May-Sept. 



Yunnan, Sichuan, Xizang, Jiangxi, 

Fujian, 

India. 

Taiwan. Thailand, Vietnam, 

廣東隔距蘭(柱葉隔距蘭) Terete 

Cleisostoma, Bee Orchid 

Cleisostoma simondii var. guangdongense Z. 

H. Tei (Cleisostoma teres auct. non 

Garay: Check List HK Pl. 1993.) 

Hab.: Epiphytic herb. Flowering: May-Nov. 


Dist.: Guangdong, Hainan, Fujian. 

紅花隔距蘭 Hong Kong Bee Orchid 

Cleisostoma williamsonii (Reichb. f.) Garay 

373 

[Cleisostoma hongkongensis (Rolfe) 

Garay] 

Hab.: Epiphytic herb. Flowering: Apr.-Jun. 

Loc.: Ma On Shan. On trees in forests. 



貝母蘭屬 Coelogyne Lindl. 

流蘇貝母蘭 Brown Rock-orchid, Fimbriate 

Coelogyne 

Coelogyne fimbriata Lindl. (Coelogyne 

leungiana S. Y. Hu; Coelogyne primulina 

G. Barretto) 

Hab.: Epiphytic herb. Flowering: Mar.-Oct. 

Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. On trees in 

forests. 


Xizang, Jiangxi. Sikkim, India, Vietnam, 

Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Malaysia. 

隱柱蘭屬 Cryptostylis R. Br. 

隱柱蘭 Spider-like Cryptostylis, Little 

Spider Orchid, Lily-leaf Orchid 

Cryptostylis arachnites (Blume) Hassk. 


Loc.: Hong Kong Island, Sai Kung. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Guangxi, Taiwan. SE & S 

Asia, Pacific Islands. 

蘭屬 Cymbidium Sw. 

紋瓣蘭 Aloe-leaved Cymbidium, Hanging 

Orchid, Pendant Cymbidium 

*Cymbidium aloifolium (L.) Sw. [Cymbidium 

pendulum (Roxb.) Sw.] 

Hab.: Epiphytic herb. Flowering: Apr.-Jun. 



Guizhou. Tropical Asia. 

Uses: Ornamental.

建蘭 Sword-leaved Cymbidium, Fragrant 

Lahn Fah 

Cymbidium ensifolium (L.) Sw. 

Hab.: Terrestrial herb. Flowering: Aug.-Oct. 

Loc.: Hong Kong Island, Tai Mo Shan, Ma On 

Shan, Lantau Island. 

Dist.: E, C, S & SW China. S to SE Asia, 

Japan. 


寒蘭 Smooth-lipped Cymbidium 

†*Cymbidium kanran Makino 

Hab.: Terrestrial herb. Flowering: Nov.-Feb. 


Dist.: E, S & SW China. Japan, Korea. 


兔耳蘭 Lanceolate Cymbidium, 

Lance-leaved Orchid 

Cymbidium lancifolium Hook. (Cymbidium 

maclehoseae S. Y. Hu) 


Loc.: Tai Mo Shan. In thin forests. 


Yunnan, Sichuan, Xizang, Hunan, Fujian, 

Zhejiang, Taiwan. Japan, India, 

Indonesia. 


墨蘭 Chinese Cymbidium, Ink Orchid 

Cymbidium sinense (Andr.) Willd. 

[Cymbidium sinense var. 

albo-juncundissimum 

Masamune] 

(Hayata) 

Hab.: Terrestrial herb. Flowering: Oct.-Mar. 

Loc.: Tai Mo Shan, Sunset Peak. 

Dist.: E, S & SW China. India, Myanmar, Laos, 

Vietnam, Cambodia, Thailand, Japan. 


374 

石斛屬 Dendrobium Sw. 

劍葉石斛 Sword-leaved Dendrobium, Tiny 

White 

Dendrobe 

Dendrobium, Scimitar-leaf 

Dendrobium acinaciforme Roxb. 

Hab.: Epiphytic herb. Flowering: Feb. 



Fujian. Myanmar, Laos, Vietnam, 

Cambodia, Thailand, India. Uses: 

Ornamental. 

鈎狀石斛 Hooked Dendrobium, Angel-fish 

Dendrobe 

Dendrobium aduncum Wall. ex Lindl. 

Hab.: Epiphytic herb. Flowering: Jun.-Aug. 



Yunnan, Hunan. India, Myanmar, 

Thailand, Vietnam. 


美花石斛 Loddiges’s Dendrobium, 

Anemome Dendrobe 

Dendrobium loddigesii Rolfe 

Hab.: Epiphytic herb. Flowering: Apr.-May. 



Yunnan. Laos, Vietnam. 


金釵石斛 Noble Dendrobium, Golden 

Hairpin Dendrobium 

*Dendrobium nobile Lindl. 

Hab.: Epiphytic herb. Flowering: Apr. 


Dist.: S & SW China, Hubei, Taiwan. Sikkim, 

Nepal, Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Laos, 


Uses: Medicinal, ornamental.

蛇舌蘭屬 Diploprora Hook. f. 

蛇舌蘭 Champion’s Diploprora, 

Snake-tongue Orchid, Champion’s 

Orchid 

Diploprora championii (Lindl.) Hook. f. 

Hab.: Epiphytic herb. Flowering: Feb.-Aug.; 

fruiting: Mar.-Sept. 

Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. On trees or 


Dist.: Hainan, Guangxi, Yunnan, Fujian, 

Taiwan. Sikkim, India, Myanmar, 


雙袋蘭屬 Disperis Sw. 

香港雙袋蘭(象鼻蘭) Lantau Disperis 

Disperis lantauensis S. Y. Hu 

Hab.: Epiphytic herb. Flowering: Jul. 

Loc.: Kowloon Peak, Sunset Peak. On grassy 

slopes. 


樹蘭屬 Epidendrum L. 

樹蘭(紅附樹蘭) 

*Epidendrum ibaguense H. B. & K. 

Hab.: Epiphytic herb. Flowering: summer. 



虎舌蘭屬 Epipogium J. Gmelin ex 

Borkh. 

虎舌蘭 Common Epipogium 

Epipogium roseum (D. Don) Lindl. 

Hab.: Saprophytic herb. Flowering; May. 

Loc.: Victoria Peak. In shade places of forests. 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong, Yunnan, Xizang, 

Taiwan. Nepal, Sikkim, India, Thailand. 

毛蘭屬 Eria Lindl. 

半柱毛蘭 Corner’s Eria, Four-cornered Eria 

Eria corneri Reichb. f. 

Hab.: Terrestrial herb. Flowering: Aug.-Sept.; 

375 

fruiting: Oct.-Dec. 

Loc.: Tai Mo Shan, Mount Parker. 

Dist.: Taiwan, Fujian, Hainan, Guangdong, 

Guangxi, Guizhou, Yunnan. Vietnam, 

Japan (Ryukyu). 

香港毛蘭 

†Eria gagnepainii Hawkes & Heller 

Hab.: Terrestrial herb. Flowering: Feb.-Apr. 


Dist.: Hainan, Yunnan, Xizang. Vietnam. 

白綿毛蘭 Downy Eria, Yellow Eria, Woolly 

Eria 

Eria lasiopetala (Willd.) Ormerod [Eria 

pubescens (Hook.) Steud; Eria flava 

Lindl.] 

Hab.: Epiphytic herb. Flowering: Nov.-Apr. 

Loc.: Fo Tan, Tai Po. On trees or rocks in 

forests. 

Dist.: Hainan. India. 

對莖毛蘭 

†Eria pusilla (Griff.) Lindl. 

Hab.: Epiphytic herb. Flowering: Oct.-Nov. 

Loc.: Tai Mo Shan. On trees or rocks in forests. 


Fujian. India, Myanmar, Vietnam, 

Thailand. 

玫瑰毛蘭 Rosy Eria 

Eria rosea Lindl. 

Hab.: Epiphytic herb. Flowering & fruiting: 

Jan.-May. 

Loc.: Ma On Shan, Wu Kau Tang, Lantau 

Island. On trees or rocks in forests. 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong.

小毛蘭 Tiny Eria, Chinese Eria, Moss-ball 

Eria 

Eria sinica (Lindl.) Lindl. [Eria pusilla auct. 

non (Griff.) Lindl.: Benth.: Fl. Hongk. 

353. 1861.] 


Loc.: Tai Mo Shan, Lantau Island. 


美冠蘭屬 Eulophia R. Br. ex Lindl. 

黃花美冠蘭 Yellow-flowered Eulophia, 

Golden Eulophia 

Eulophia flava (Lindl.) Hook. f. 

Hab.: Terrestrial herb. Flowering: Mar.-Oct. 

Loc.: Tai Tam, Cape D’Aguilar, Lantau Island, 

Lamma Island. 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangxi. Nepal, India, Myanmar, 

Vietnam, Thailand. 


美冠蘭 Pale Purple Eulophia, Onion-bulb 

Eulophia 

Eulophia graminea Lindl. (Eulophia sinensis 

Miq.) 

Hab.: Terrestrial herb. Flowering: Apr.-Aug. 

Loc.: Lam Tsuen, Ho Chung. 


Yunnan, Anhui, Taiwan. Tropical Asia. 


無葉美冠蘭 Hong Kong Eulophia 

Eulophia zollingerii (Reichb. F.) S. S. Smith 

(Eulophia yushuiana S. Y. Hu) 

Hab.: Terrestrial herb. Flowering: May-Jun. 

Loc.: New Territories, Clear Water Bay. In thin 

forests. 

Dist.: Yunnan, Guangxi, Guangdong, Jiangxi, 

Taiwan. India, Sri Lanka, Malaysia, 

Indonesia. Japan, Ryukyu. 

盆距蘭屬 Gastrochilus D. Don 

黃松盆距蘭 

Gastrochilus japonicus (Makino) Schltr. 

(Gastrochilus holttumianus S. Y. Hu & 

Barreto) 

Hab.: Epiphytic herb. 

Loc.: Hong Kong Island. On trees in forests. 

Dist.: Taiwan. Japan (Ryukyu). 

地寶蘭屬 Geodorum Jackson 

地寶蘭(密花地室蘭) Dense-flowered 

Geodorum, Walking-stick Orchid 

Geodorum densiflorum (Lam.) Schltr. 


Loc.: Wong Nai Chung, Aberdeen, Sai Kung. 

Along streams in forests. 


Guizhou, Taiwan. Philippines. Tropical 

Asia. 

斑葉蘭屬 Goodyera R. Br. 

多葉斑葉蘭 Many-leaved 

Rattlesnake-Plantain 

Goodyera foliosa (Lindl.) Benth. ex Hook. f. 

Hab.: Terrestrial herb. Flowering: Sept. to Jan. 



Dist.: Guangdong, Yunnan. Myanmar. 

白花多葉斑葉蘭 White Goodyera 

Goodyera foliosa var. alba S. Y. Hu & 

Barretto 

Hab.: Herb. 

Loc.: Tsuen Wan. Along streams. 


高斑葉蘭 Tall Rattlesnake-Plantain, 

Bottlebrush 

Duster 

Orchid, White Feather 

Goodyera procera (Ker-Gawl.) Hook. 

Hab.: Terrestrial herb. Flowering: Mar.-Apr. 

376


Dist.: S, E & SW China. Sri Lanka, S to SE 

Asia, Philippines, Japan. 


歌綠斑葉蘭(香港斑葉蘭) Youngsaye’s 


Goodyera seikoomontana Yamamoto 

(Goodyera youngsayei S. Y. Hu & 

Barretto) 

Hab.: Terrestrial herb. 

Loc.: Pat Sin Leng. On shade and moist places 

in forests. 


綠花斑葉蘭 Green-flowered 


Goodyera viridiflora (Blume) Blume 

[Goodyera cordata (Lindl.) Hook. f.] 

Hab.: Terrestrial herb. Flowering: Aug.-Nov. 

Loc.: Pok Fu Lam, Tai Mo Shan. In shade and 

moist places in forests. 


Jiangxi, Fujian, Taiwan. E Asia to SE 

Asia, Philippines, Australia. 

小小斑葉蘭 

Goodyeara yanmeishanensis T. P. Lin 

Hab.: Terrestrial herb. Flowering: Aug.-Sept. 

Loc.: Mount Parker. 


玉鳳花屬 Habenaria Willd. 

香港玉鳳花 Hongkong Habenaria 

Habenaria coultousii Barretto 

Hab.: Terrestrial herb. Flowering: Oct. 

Loc.: Tai Tam. In forests at 300 m above sea 

level. 


鵝毛玉鳳花(齒片鷺蘭) Toothed Habenaria, 

Phantom Orchid 

Habenaria dentata (Sw.) Schltr. 

Hab.: Terrestrial herb. Flowering: Jul.-Sept. 


Dist.: Areas S of Changjiang River. Nepal, 

Sikkim, India, Myanmar, Vietnam, Laos, 

Thailand, Cambodia, Japan. 


天使蘭( 仙子蘭) Fairy Orchid, Narrow 

Habeuaria 

Habenaria leptoloba Benth. 

Hab.: Terrestrial herb. Flowering: Aug. 

Loc.: Cape D’Aguilar, Aberdeen, Fanling. In 

wet places of forests. 


坡參 Tongue Habenaria, Yellow Habenaria 

Habenaria linguella Lindl. 

Hab.: Terrestrial herb. Flowering: Jun.-Sept. 

Loc.: Hong Kong Island, Tai Mo Shan, Ma On 

Shan, Fanling, Lantau Island. In forests. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, Guizhou. 

Vietnam. 

毛葶玉鳳花 Cilia Orchid 

腎葉玉鳳花 Kidney-leaved Habenaria, 

Habenaria ciliolaris Kraenzl. 

Gnome’s Cap Orchid 


Habenaria reniformis (D. Don) Hook. f. 

Loc.: Hong Kong Island. On hillslopes or in 

Hab.: Terrestrial herb. Flowering: Jul.-Aug. 

shade places of forests. 

Loc.: Mount Parker, Victoria Peak, Sai Kung. 


Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong. Nepal, India, 

Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Fujian, Zhejiang, 

Taiwan. 

377 

Vietnam, Cambodia, Thailand.

橙黃玉鳳花(紅人蘭) Red-clawed Habenaria, 

Red-man Orchid, Little Dragon Orchid 

Habenaria rhodochella Hance 


Loc.: Aberdeen, Tai Mo Shan, Ho Chung, 

Kowloon Peak, Lantau Island. On 

hillslopes, in forests of valleys. 


Hunan, Jiangxi, Fujian. Vietnam, Laos, 

Cambodia, Thailand, Malaysia, 

Philippines. 


翻唇蘭屬 Hetaeria Blume 

白肋翻唇蘭(亮葉翻唇蘭) Crested Hetaeria, 

Velvet-leaved Hetaeria 

Hetaeria cristata Blume 

Hab.: Terrestrial herb. Flowering: Sept.-Oct. 

Loc.: Hong Kong Island, Tsuen Wan, Tai Po, 

Sha Tau Kok. In forests on hillslopes. 

Dist.: Taiwan. Japan, Philippines, Indonesia. 

卵葉翻唇蘭 Shiny-leaved Hetaeria 

Hetaeria nitida Ridl. 



Dist.: Singapore, Thailand. 

羊耳蒜屬 Liparis Rich. 

鐮翅羊耳蒜 Bhutan Twayblade 

Liparis bootanensis Griff. (Liparis 

ruybarrettoi S. Y. Hu & Barretto) 

Hab.: Epiphytic herb. Flowering: Oct.-Jan. of 


Loc.: Tai Mo Shan, Ma On Shan, Pak Tai To 

Yan, Lantau Island. 


Sichuan, Hunan, Fujian, Taiwan. Sikkim, 

Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Vietnam, 

Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, 

Philippines, Japan. 

378 

銹色羊耳蒜 Rusty-leaved Twayblade 

†Liparis ferruginea Lindl. 


Loc.: Yung Shue O. In wet places. 

Dist.: Hainan, Fujian. Thailand, Cambodia, 


見血青( 脈羊耳蒜) Nerved Twayblade, 

Purple Star Liparis 

Liparis nervosa (Thunb. ex A. Murray) Lindl. 

Hab.: Terrestrial herb. Flowering: Jan.-May. 


Dist.: S, E & SW China. Widely distributed in 



紫花羊耳蒜 Giant Purple Liparis 

Liparis nigra Seidenf. 

Hab.: Terrestrial herb. Flowering: Feb.-May. 

Loc.: Sai Kung, Lantau Island. 


Taiwan. 

香花羊耳蒜 Fragrant Twayblade, Twin-bulb 

Liparis 

Liparis odorata (Willd.) Lindl. 

Hab.: Terrestrial herb. Flowering: Apr.-Jul. 


Dist.: S, E & SW China. India, Myanmar, Laos, 

Thailand, Vietnam, Japan. 

扇唇羊耳蒜 Fan-lipped Twayblade 

Liparis stricklandiana Reichb. f. 

Hab.: Epiphytic herb. Flowering: Oct. to Jan. 


Loc.: Tai Mo Shan. In forests on hillslopes. 


Bhutan, Sikkim, India.

長莖羊耳蒜(綠花羊耳蒜) Green-flowered 

Twayblade 

Liparis viridiflora (Blume) Lindl. 

Hab.: Epiphytic herb. Flowering: Sept.-Nov. 

Loc.: Tai Tam, Tai Mo Shan. In forests on 

hillslopes. 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong, Yunnan, Sichuan, 

Xizang, Taiwan. S & SE Asia. 

血葉蘭屬 Ludisia A. Rich. 

石蠶(異色血葉蘭) Discolor Ludisia, Rock 

Silk-worm, Twisty-flowered Orchid 

Ludisia discolor (Ker-Gawl.) A. Rich. 

Hab.: Terrestrial herb. Flowering:Feb.-Mar. 

Loc.: Hong Kong Island, Castle Peak, Lantau 

Island. In shade and moist places in 

forests. 


Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam, Malaysia, 

Indonesia. 


沼蘭屬 Malaxis Soland. ex Sw. 

紫盾沼蘭 Crimson-shield Addermouth 

Orchid 

Malaxis acuminata D.Don [Malaxis allanii S. 

Y Hu; Malaxis biloba (Lindl.) Ames] 

Hab.: Terrestrial herb. Flowering: Jun. 

Loc.: Sha Tin, Tai Tam. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Guizhou, Yunnan, Taiwan. 

Nepal, India, Myanmar, Vietnam, Laos, 

Indonesia, Java, Philippines, Australia. 

闊葉沼蘭 Broad-leaved Addermouth Orchid 

Malaxis latifolia J. E. Sm. (Malaxis 

parvissima S. Y. Hu & Barreto) 

Hab.: Terrestrial herb. Flowering: May-Jul. 

Loc.: Tai Mo Shan, Wu Kau Tang, Sunset Peak. 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong, Yunnan. India, 

Vietnam, Malaysia, Australia. 

379 

球柄蘭屬 Mischobulbum Schltr. 

心葉球柄蘭 Heart-leaved Mischobulbum 

Mischobulbum cordifolium (Hook. f.) Schltr. 


Loc.: Lantau Island. In shade and moist places 

in forests. 


Taiwan. Vietnam. 


雲葉蘭屬 Nephelaphyllum Blume 

雲葉蘭 Cristate Nephelaphyllum, Cloud-leaf 

Orchid 

Nephelaphyllum tenuiflorum Blume 

(Nephelaphyllum cristatum Rolfe) 






芋蘭屬 Nervilia Comm.ex Gaudich. 

毛葉芋蘭 

Nervilia plicata (Andr.) Schltr. [Nervilia fordii 

auct. non (Hance) Schltr.: Check List HK 

Pl. 1993.] 

Hab.: Terrestrial herb. Flowering: May-Aug. 

Loc.: Tai Tam, Aberdeen. In forests. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan. 

Thailand, Vietnam, India, Myanmar, 

Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines. 


三蕊蘭屬 Neuwiedia Blume 

三蕊蘭 

Neuwiedia singapureana (Baker) Rolfe 


Loc.: Hong Kong Island. In forests. 

Dist.: Hainan, Yunnan. Vietnam, Thailand, 

Singapore, Indonesia.

粉口蘭屬 Pachystoma Blume 

粉口蘭 Pubescent Pachystoma, Green-lipped 

Bell Orchid 

Pachystoma pubescens Blume [Pachystoma 

chinense (Lindl.) Reichb. f.] 


Loc.: Mount Kellet, Ma On Shan, Sai Kung, 

Fanling, Lantau Island. 


Yunnan, Taiwan. Tropical Asia. 

兜蘭屬 Paphiopedilum Pfitz. 

卷萼兜蘭 Rolled-sepal Paphiopedilum, 

Thailand Slipper 

†*Paphiopedilum appletonianum Rolfe 



Dist.: Hainan, Guangxi. Thailand, Vietnam, 

Laos, Cambodia, India. 


杏黃兜蘭 Apricot-yellow Paphiopedilum 

†*Paphiopedilum armeniacum Chen & Liu 



Dist.: Yunnan. Myanmar. 


帶葉兜蘭 Hirsute Paphiopedilum 

†*Paphiopedilum hirsutissimum (Lindl. ex 

Hook.) Stein 

Hab.: Terrestrial herb. Flowering: Apr.-May. 


Dist.: Guangxi, Guizhou, Yunnan. India. 


麻栗坡兜蘭 Malipo Paphiopedilum 

†*Paphiopedilum malipoense S. C. Chen & 

Tsi 

Hab.: Terrestrial herb. Flowering; May. 

380 


Dist.: Guangxi, Guizhou, Yunnan. 


硬葉兜蘭 Stiff-leaved Paphiopedilum 

†*Paphiopedilum micranthum Tang & Wang 

Hab.: Terrestrial herb. Flowering: Apr.-May. 


Dist.: Guangxi, Guizhou, Yunnan. Vietnam. 


雪白兜蘭 Snow-white Paphiopedilum 

†*Paphiopedilum niveum (Reichb. f.) Stein 

Hab.: Terrestrial herb. Flowering: Jul. 


Dist.: Malaysia. 


飄帶兜蘭 Parish’s Paphiopedilum 

†*Paphiopedilum parishii (Reichb. f.) Stein 

Hab.: Terrestrial herb. Flowering: Jun.-Aug. 


Dist.: Yunnan, Thailand, Myanmar. 


紫紋兜蘭 (兜蘭) Hong Kong Lady’s Slipper 

Orchid 

Paphiopedilum purpuratum (Lindl.) Stein 

Hab.: Terrestrial herb. Flowering: Nov.-May. 

Loc.: Hong Kong Island, Tai Mo Shan, Lantau 

Island. On humus-rich stony places in 

forests. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan. Vietnam. 


紫毛兜蘭 Shaggy Paphiopedilum 

†*Paphiopedilum villosum (Lindl.) Stein 

Hab.: Terrestrial herb. Flowering: Jan.-Mar. 


Dist.: Yunnan. Myanmar, Laos, Vietnam,

Thailand. 


白蝶蘭屬 Pecteilis Rafin. 

白蝶蘭( 鵝毛白蝶花) Common Pecteilis, 

Susan Orchid 

Pecteilis susannae (L.) Rafin. 


Loc.: Hong Kong Island, Tai Mo Shan. In 

forests, ditches or on grassy slopes. 


Yunnan, Sichuan, Fujian, Jiangxi, 

Zhejiang. Nepal, Myanmar, India, 



肥根蘭屬 Pelexia Poir. Ex Lindl. 

肥根蘭 

Pelexia oblique (J. J. Sm.) Garay (Manniella 

hongkongensis S. Y. Hu & Barretto) 

Hab.: Terrestrial herb. Flowering: Sept. 

Loc.: New Territories. In valleys. 

Dist.: Indonesia. 

闊蕊蘭屬 Peristylus Blume 

長鬚闊蕊蘭 Long Tentacle Orchid, 

Club-spurred Tentacle Orchid 

Peristylus calcaratus (Rolfe) S. Y. Hu 

Hab.: Terrestrial herb. Flowering: Aug. 

Loc.: Tsing Yi, Tung Chung. In forests and 

grasses. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, Jiangsu, 

Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Taiwan, Hunan. 

Indochina. 

稠密闊蕊蘭 Dense Peristylus 

Peristylus densus (Lindl.) Santap. & Kapad. 

[Peristylus stenostachyus (Lindl. ex 

Benth.) Kraenzl.] 

Hab.: Terrestrial herb. Flowering: Jun. 

Loc.: Victoria Peak, Lantau Island. In forests 

381 

and grasses. 


Jiangxi, Fujian, Zhejiang. India, 

Myanmar, 

Bangaladesh. 

Thailand, Vietnam, 

闊蕊蘭 Green-flowered Peristylus, 

Round-spurred Peristylus 

Peristylus goodyeroides (D. Don) Lindl. 

Hab.: Terrestrial herb. Flowering: Jun.-Aug. 

Loc.: Hong Kong Island, Lantau Island. In 

forests and thickets. 


Sichuan, Hubei, Hunan, Zhejiang, 

Jiangxi, Taiwan. Bhutan, Nepal, India, 

Myanmar, Laos, Vietnam, Thailand, 

Cambodia, Malaysia, Philippines, 

Indonesia, New Guinea. 

撕唇闊蕊蘭 

Peristylus lacertiferus (Lindl.) J. J. Sm. 

[Peristylus spiranthes (Schauer) S. Y. Hu; 

Peristylus spiranthes var. taipoensis S. Y. 

Hu] 



thickets. 


Sichuan, Fujian. 

觸鬚闊蕊蘭 Club-spurred Tentacle Orchid, 

Beardly Orchid, Long Tentacle Orchid 

Peristylus tentaculatus (Lindl.) J.J.Sm. 

Hab.: Terrestrial herb. Flowering: Sept.-Jan. 

Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. In wet places or 

wasteland. 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Zhejiang, 

Fujian. Vietnam, Thailand, Cambodia. 

Uses: Medicinal.

鶴頂蘭屬 Phaius Lour. 

鶴頂蘭 Common Phaius, Nun Orchid 

Phaius tankervilliae (Banks ex L’Herit.) 

Blume (Phaius tankervilliae f. veronica 

S. Y. Hu & Barretto) 

Hab.: Terrestrial herb. Flowering: Feb.-Sept. 

Loc.: Tai Mo Shan, Sai Kung. 


Xizang, Fujian, Taiwan. Tropical and 

subtropical Asia, Australia. 


蝴蝶蘭屬 Phalaenopsis Blume 

蝴蝶蘭 Moth Orchid 

*Phalaenopsis amabilis (L.) Blume 

Hab.: Epiphytic herb. Flowering: Apr.-May. 


Dist.: Philippines, Taiwan. 


石仙桃屬 Pholidota Lindl. ex Hook. 

細葉石仙桃 Slender-leaved Pholidota, 

Seed-pearl Orchid 

Pholidota cantonensis Rolfe 

Hab.: Epiphytic herb. Flowering: May-Jun. 

Loc.: Tai Po, Lantau Island. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Guangxi, Jiangxi, Fujian, 

Zhejiang, Taiwan. 

石仙桃 Chinese Pholidota, Rattlesnake 

Orchid 

Pholidota chinensis Lindl. 

Hab.: Epiphytic herb. Flowering: Sept. to Jan. 




Yunnan, Xizang, Fujian, Zhejiang. 


舌唇蘭屬 Platanthera L. C. Rich. 

尾瓣舌唇蘭 Chinese Platanthera, Montane 

382 

Platanthera, Ballerina Orchid 

Platanthera mandarinorum Reichb. f. 

Hab.: Terrestrial herb. Flowering: Mar.-Jul. 


Dist.: S, E & SW China, Henan, Shandong. 

Japan, Korea. 

小舌唇蘭 Lesser Platanthera, Narrow-leaved 

Plantanthera 

Platanthera minor Reichb. f. [Platanthera 

angustata auct. non (Blume) Lindl.: 

Check List HK Pl. 1993.] 

Hab.: Terrestrial herb. Flowering: Apr.-Jun. 

Loc.: Tai Mo Shan, Shing Mun, Ma On Shan, 

Sunset Peak. 

Dist.: NE, E, C, S & SW China,. Korea, Japan. 

筒距舌唇蘭 

Platanthera tipuloides (L. f. ) Lindl. 



Dist.: Hunan, Jiangxi, Fujian, Zhejiang, Anhui. 

Korea, Japan, Russia. 

寄樹蘭屬 Robiquetia Gaudich. 

小葉寄樹蘭 Precipice Orchid, Big Ladder 

Orchid 

Robiquetia succisa (Lindl.) Seidenf. & Garay 

Hab.: Epiphytic herb. Flowering: Jun.-Sept. 


Dist.: Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, Fujian. 

苞舌蘭屬 Spathoglottis Blume 

苞舌蘭 Buttercup Orchid 

Spathoglottis pubescens Lindl. (Spathoglottis 

fortunii Lindl.) 



Dist.: S & SW China, Hunan. India, Myanmar, 

Thailand, Indochina. 

Uses: Ornamental.

綬草屬 Spiranthes L. C. Rich. 

香港綬草 Hong Kong Spiranthes 

Spiranthes hongkongensis S. Y. Hu & 

Barretto 


Loc.: Tsz Wan Shan, Shing Mun, Sai Kung, 

Lantau Island, Lamma Island. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Guizhou, Yunnan, Zhejiang, 

Fujian, Shandong. Japan, Australia. 

綬草 Ladies Tresses, Maiden’s Tresses 

Spiranthes sinensis (Pers.) Ames 

Hab.: Terrestrial herb. Flowering: Feb.-Jun. 

Loc.: Common in Hong Kong. On grassland. 

Dist.: Widely distributed in China. E Asia, S to 

SE Asia, Australia. 

帶唇蘭屬 Tainia Blume 

帶唇蘭 Dunn’s Tainia, Hong Kong Tainia 

Tainia dunnii Rolfe 


Loc.: Sunset Peak, Lantau Peak. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hunan, 

Jiangxi, Fujian, Zhejiang, Taiwan. 

香港帶唇蘭(香港安蘭) Purple Bulb Orchid 

Tainia hongkongensis (Rolfe) Tang & Wang 

[Ania hongkongensis (Rolfe) Tang & 

Wang] 


Loc.: Wong Lung Hang, Repulse Bay, Ma On 

Shan. In forests. 

Dist.: Guangdong, Fujian. 

南方帶唇蘭 Ruy’s Tainia 

Tainia ruybarrettoi (S. Y. Hu & Barretto) Z. 

H. Tsi (Ania ruybarrettoi S. Y. Hu & 

Barretto) 

Hab.: Terrestrial herb. Flowering: Mar. 

Loc.: Sai Kung, Pat Sin Leng, Sha Tau Kok. In 

383 

bamboo forests. 

Dist.: Guangxi. 

矮柱蘭屬 Thelasis Blume 

矮柱蘭 Dwarf Thelasis, Pigmy Thelasis 

Thelasis pygmaea (Griff.) Blume (Thelasis 

hongkongensis Rolfe) 

Hab.: Epiphytic herb. Flowering: Apr.-Oct. 

Loc.: Cape D’Aguilar. 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong, Yunnan, Taiwan. E 

Asia to SE Asia, Philippines. 

白點蘭屬 Thrixspermum Lour. 

白點蘭 Common Thrixspermum, Centipede 

Orchid, Four-hour Orchid 

Thrixspermum centipeda Lour. 

Hab.: Epiphytic herb. Flowering: Aug.-Sept. 

Loc.: Castle Peak. 

Dist.: Hainan, Guangdong, Yunnan. Sikkim, 

India, Myanmar, Indochina, Indonesia. 

竹莖蘭屬 Tropidia Lindl. 

仙茅竹莖蘭 Bamboo-stemmed Orchid 

Tropidia curculigoides Lindl. 



Dist.: Hainan, Guangxi, Yunnan, Xizang, 

Taiwan. India, Sikkim, Myanmar, 

Vietnam, Cambodia, Thailand, Malaysia, 

Indonesia. 

萬帶蘭屬 Vanda Jones 

大花萬帶蘭 Large-flowered Vanda 

*Vanda coerulea Griff. ex Lindl. 



Dist.: Guizhou, Yunnan. India, Myanmar, 

Thailand. 

Uses: Ornamental.

二尾蘭屬 Vrydagzynea Blume 

二尾蘭 Bare Vrydagzynea, Pallid-spur 

Orchid 

Vrydagzynea nuda Blume 

Hab.: Terrestrial herb. 

Loc.: Hong Kong Island, Lantau Island. In 

shady and moist places in forests. 

Dist.: Hainan, Taiwan. Indonesia. 

線柱蘭屬 Zeuxine Lindl. 

纖細線柱蘭 Slender Zeuxine, Cleric’s Collar 

Orchid 

Zeuxine gracilis (Breda) Blume 

Hab.: Terrestrial herb. Flowering: Oct. 

Loc.: Victoria Peak, Mount Parker, Ma On 

Shan, Tai Mo Shan. 

Dist.: Hainan, Yunnan. 

白花線柱蘭 White-flowered Zeuxine 

Zeuxine parviflora (Ridl.) Seidenf. (Zeuxine 

leucochila Schltr.) 

Hab.: Terrestrial herb. Flowering: Feb.-Apr. 

Loc.: Sai Kung. In shady and moist places in 

forests. 

Dist.: Hainan, Yunnan, Taiwan. Thailand, 

Malaysia, Myanmar, Laos, Cambodia, 

Vietnam, Philippines, Japan. 

線柱蘭 Common Zeuxine, Indian Orchid 

Zeuxine strateumatica (L.) Schltr. 

Hab.: Terrestrial herb. Flowering: Jan.-Apr. 

Loc.: Victoria Peak, Ma On Shan, Sham Chung, 

Fanling. 


Hubei, Fujian, Taiwan. Japan, tropical 

Asia. 

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IIIB．百合亞綱 Liliidae 325. 黃花絨葉草科 Limnocharitaceae 326. 澤 ...

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