Rice bean (Vigna umbellata) Crop Improvement
•
2 likes•806 views
Rice bean (Vigna umbellata) Crop Breeding, Origin, Texonomical classification, nutritional attributes, Popular varieties
Recommended
Recommended
More Related Content
What's hot
What's hot (20)
Similar to Rice bean (Vigna umbellata) Crop Improvement
Similar to Rice bean (Vigna umbellata) Crop Improvement (20)
More from Dr.Pratibha Bisen
More from Dr.Pratibha Bisen (10)
Recently uploaded
Recently uploaded (20)
Rice bean (Vigna umbellata) Crop Improvement
- 2. Dr. Pratibha Bisen Dept. Plant Breeding & Genetics College of Agriculture, Balaghat JNKVV Jabalpur (M.P.) Rice bean
- 3. Legumes are the second most consumed crop and provides 33% of dietary protein. Ricebean, Vigna umbellata (Thunb.) is a kharif-season annual legume. Its seeds are consumed as pulse. It is considered as a minor legume as it is grown in limited areas as intercrop with maize and sorghum. It is mostly grown in uplands throughout Indo-China region extending in to Nepal and Bangladesh. It is adaptive to a diverse range of environment and can grow in resource- poor soil. It is a rich source of protein and minerals, and is resistant to various pests and diseases. Introduction
- 4. Despite being a high-yielding nutritionally rich crop majority of its germplasm accessions and varieties suffers from many undesirable attributes, including asynchronous and late maturity, indeterminate growth habit, high pod dehiscence and seed shattering habit, and enhanced level of a few anti- nutritional components as compared to other major food legumes resulting underutilization of this crop. Very limited information regarding genetic and genomic resources, and a lack of systematic efforts towards phenotypic and genotypic characterization of germplasm accessions conserved at genebanks impede genomics-assisted breeding applications and genetic enhancement of rice bean.
- 5. Kingdom: Plantae Order: Fabales Family: Fabaceae Subfamily: Faboideae Tribe: Phaseoleae Genus: Vigna Species: V. umbellata Binomial name Vigna umbellata Taxonomical Classification
- 6. The cultivated Asiatic Vigna species belong to the sub-genus Ceratotropis, a fairly distinct and homogeneous group, largely restricted to Asia, which has a chromosome number of 2n = 22 (except V. glabrescens, 2n = 44). There are seven cultivated species within the sub-genus, including mung bean or green gram (V. radiata), black gram or urad bean (V. mungo), adzuki bean (V. angularis) and moth bean (V. aconitifolia) as well as a number of wild species.
- 7. Ricebean's distribution pattern indicates great adaptive polymorphism for diverse environments, with its distribution ranging from humid tropical to sub-tropical, to sub-temperate climate. The presumed centre of domestication is Indo-China. Rice bean originated from Indochina and was probably domesticated in Thailand and neighbouring regions. It is found naturally in India, central China and in the Indochinese Peninsula. Origin and distribution
- 8. Rice bean is a multipurpose legume, sometimes considered as neglected and underutilised . All parts of the rice bean plant are edible and used in culinary preparations. The dry seeds can be boiled and eaten with rice or they can replace rice in stews or soups. Young pods, leaves and sprouted seeds are boiled and eaten as vegetables. Young pods are sometimes eaten raw. Rice bean is useful for livestock feeding. The vegetative parts can be fed fresh or made into hay and the seeds are used as fodder. Rice bean straw, the crop residue of the seed harvest, indudes the stems, leafy portions, empty pods, and some seeds. Before feeding, the woody portions and soiled or mildewed parts of the straw should be removed. Utilization
- 9. Morphology Vigna umbellata is a short-lived perennial legume usually grown as an annual. It has a very variable habit: it can be erect, semi-erect or twining. It is usually 30-100 cm in height, but can grow up to 200 cm. It has an extensive root system with a taproot that can go as deep as 100-150 cm. The stems are branched and finely haired. The leaves are trifoliate with entire, 6-9 cm long leaflets. The flowers, born on 5-10 cm long axillary racemes, are papillonaceous and bright yellow.
- 10. The fruits are cylindrical, 7.5-12.5 cm long pods that contain 6-10 oblong, 6-8 mm seeds with a concave hilum. Rice bean seeds are very variable in colour, from greenish-yellow to black through yellow, brown. Yellow-brownish types are reported to be the most nutritious. The red type gives its common name to the grain in several languages, for example in Chinese.
- 11. Rice bean forage Like other legume forages, fresh rice bean forage is relatively rich in protein, though its concentration is extremely variable (17-23% DM). Rice bean hay and straw are slightly less nutritious (16 and 14% protein in the DM, respectively). Rice bean forage is also rich in minerals (10% of the DM in the fresh forage), and particularly in calcium (up to 2% in the fresh forage). Rice bean straw contains large amounts of mineral matter (more than 20% of DM) though it is highly variable. Nutritional attributes
- 12. Rice bean seeds Rice bean seeds are rich in protein (18-26% DM), though generally less than pea (Pisum sativum) or cowpea (Vigna unguiculata). They contain limited amounts of fibre and fat (about 4 and 2%, respectively). The amino acid profile is comparable to that of other grain legumes: it is relatively rich in lysine (more than 6% of the protein) but poor in sulphur- containing amino acids. Rice beans have a high starch concentration, with reported values ranging from 52 to 57% of the DM. The amylose content of the starch is extremely variable, from 20 to 60%.
- 13. RBL 6 RBL 1 RBL 35 RBL 50 PRR2 BRS 1 POPULAR VARIETIES