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Celtis sinensis

Celtis sinensis

Chinese Hackberry, Japanese Hackberry

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Description

Celtis sinensis (Chinese Hackberry, Japanese Hackberry) naturally occurs in China, Taiwan, Japan and Korea and was first introduced in Europe in 1892. The Chinese Hackberry can grow up to 15 - 20 meters tall and 10 - 15 meters wide. The species has very long annual twigs that grow off the branches and that move gently in the wind. With the hanging twigs, the characteristic vase-shaped, semi-open crown takes on a round shape at a mature age.

The Chinese hackberry blooms discrete, green flowers in late April, early May. The subsequent round stonefruits are edible and hang from the twigs in racemes like beads, that go from orange-yellow to orange-red to violet-black. The leaves that bud green are elongated and ovoid, thick and rough, and paper-like. Celtis sinensis has lovely, deep warm yellow autumn colours. 

The Chinese hackberry feels at home in streets, avenues and on squares, though it is somewhat sensitive to salt spray and cold, wet locations. In parks and public gardens, the species is a beautiful solitary tree with its characteristic crown structure. It’s a real city tree, that can tolerate air pollution and periods of drought and thrives more in a warmer environment. With its deep root system, the tree is firmly anchored and perfect for use in pavement. Celtis sinensis thrives in all types of soil, with the exception of heavy clay. Its similar appearance to the elm makes the Chinese Hackberry a good replacement for locations where elms got sick and did not make it. Celtis sinensis is not susceptible to diseases or pests.

Types of planting

Tree types

standard trees multi-stemmed trees characteristic trees

Topiary on stem

fval multi-stem umbrella

Use

Location

avenue park central reservation large garden traffic areas, industrial zones

Pavement

none none open open sealed sealed

Planting concepts

prairie planting

Characteristics

Crown shape

rounded rounded vase-shaped vase-shaped

Crown structure

semi-open semi-open

Height

18 - 20 m

Width

10 - 15 m

Winter hardiness zone

7A - 9B

Aspects

Wind

slightly tolerant to wind

Soil

loess sabulous clay light clay sand loamy soil

Nutrient level

low in nutrients moderately rich in nutrients rich in nutrients

Soil moisture level

dry moist

Light requirements

sun partial shade

pH range

acidic neutral alkaline
5.1 - 7.8

Extreme environments

tolerant to dryness tolerates air pollution

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Order this plant? Or would you like further information about Celtis sinensis? Make an appointment for a detailed planting recommendation.
Call +31(0) 485 31 20 21 or email one of our advisors directly.
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Photos

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high-stem standard tree
Celtis sinensis standard tree
high-stem standard tree
Celtis sinensis standard tree
high-stem standard tree
Celtis sinensis standard tree
high-stem standard tree
Celtis sinensis standard tree
high-stem standard tree
Celtis sinensis standard tree
feathered feathered
Celtis sinensis feathered
multi-stem-umbrella multi-stem umbrella
Celtis sinensis multi-stem umbrella
multi-stem-umbrella multi-stem umbrella
Celtis sinensis multi-stem umbrella
leaves leaves
Celtis sinensis leaves
leaves leaves
Celtis sinensis leaves
leaves leaves
Celtis sinensis leaves
leaves leaves
Celtis sinensis leaves
leaves leaves
Celtis sinensis leaves
leaves leaves
Celtis sinensis leaves
bark bark
Celtis sinensis bark

Flowers

Flowers

discrete

Flower colour

green

Flowering period

April - May

Leaves

Leaf colour

green

Leaves

deciduous ovate leathery polished serrate dentate

Autumn colour

yellow

Fruits

Fruit colour

yellow-orange orange-red

Fruits

edible small raceme drupe

Bark

Bark colour

grey

Bark

smooth

Twigs

Twig colour

red-brown

Twigs

hairy bare pendulous

Root system

Root system

deep

For and by green professionals

The TreeEbb is a platform for and by green professionals, in which we collect knowledge and experience from the sector and make this available for users. All the details and photos are free to use for non-commercial purposes. Want to share your tree knowledge? Send photographs and additional information to treeebb@ebben.nl

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Winter hardiness zone
OK
Coastal area
OK
Use
Location
OK
Pavement
OK
Host plant/forage plant
OK
Planting concepts
OK
Types of planting
Tree types
OK
Multi-stemmed trees
OK
Crown structure
OK
Crown shape
OK
Topiary on stem
OK
Topiary
OK
Height
m
-
m
OK
Width
m
-
m
OK
Aspects
Wind
OK
Soil
OK
Nutrient level
OK
Soil moisture level
OK
Light requirements
OK
PH range
OK
Extreme environments
OK
Stage of succession
OK
Plant characteristics
Flowering period
January
-
December
OK
Flower colour
OK
Leaf colour
OK
Autumn colour
OK
Fruit colour
OK
Bark colour
OK
Special features
OK
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Winter hardiness

A plant's winter hardiness is the coldest area in which it is frost-resistant. This is based on the average annual minimum temperature. Winter hardiness zones are thirteen different frost zones in steps of 5.5 degrees Celsius. This format is an international standard for the hardiness of plants. The zones in which the plant is frost-resistant are always included in the description of trees and other vegetation.

Winter hardiness is a genetic characteristic and is not influenced by the location in which the plant is cultivated. This means that a plant that has been cultivated for many years in winter-hardiness zone 6 but has a winter hardiness of 3 is perfectly suited for replanting in a colder zone. It will thrive there thanks to its genetic characteristics.

When choosing planting for a project, the winter hardiness of the plants is extremely important. By choosing species that match the zone in which the project is being created, it is possible to ensure that plants can withstand the minimum temperature in that area.

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T +31 (0)485 31 20 21
F +31 (0)485 31 38 88
E info@ebben.nl

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