August Wulfhorst (1861-1936) and his overlooked contributions on the flora of Angola Estrela Figueiredo, Gideon F. Smith & Reto Nyffeler Abstract Résumé FIGUEIREDo, E., G. F. SMITH & R. NYFFELER (2013). August Wulfhorst (1861-1936) and his overlooked contributions on the flora of Angola. Candollea 68: 123-131. In English, English and French abstracts. FIGUEIREDo, E., G. F. SMITH & R. NYFFELER (2013). August Wulfhorst (1861-1936) et ses contributions oubliées à la flore de l’Angola. Candollea 68: 123-131. En anglais, résumés anglais et français. August Wulfhorst (1861-1936), a German missionary attached to the Rheinische Missionsgesellschaft, collected material in omupanda (Amboland, Uukuanyama), which is located in present-day Angola. In the past, botanical collections from this area were wrongly proposed as originating from Namibia, so obscuring the occurrence of several taxa north of the borders of this former German colony, in Angola. August Wulfhorst (1861-1936), un missionnaire allemand membre de la société missionnaire de Rhénanie, la Rheinische Missionsgesellschaft, a récolté des échantillons de plantes à omupanda (Amboland, Uukuanyama) qui se situe actuellement en Angola. Jusqu’à présent, les récoltes provenant de cette localité ont été par erreur attribuées à la Namibie, occultant ainsi la présence en Angola de plusieurs taxons au nord de la frontière avec cette ancienne colonie allemande. Key-words August Wulfhorst – Namibia – Angola – Flora – Herbarium specimens Addresses of the authors: EF: Department of Botany, P.o.Box 77000, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Port Elizabeth, 6031 South Africa and Centre for Functional Ecology, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Universidade de Coimbra, 3001-455 Coimbra, Portugal. Email: estrelafigueiredo@hotmail.com GFS: office of the Chief Director: Biosystematics Research & Biodiversity Collections, South African National Biodiversity Institute, Private Bag X101, Pretoria, 0001 South Africa and H.G.W.J. Schweickerdt Herbarium, Department of Plant Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0002 South Africa and Centre for Functional Ecology, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Universidade de Coimbra, 3001-455 Coimbra, Portugal. RN: Institute of Systematic Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland. Submitted on September 23, 2011. Accepted on November 20, 2012. ISSN : 0373-2967 – Online ISSN : 2235-3658 – Candollea 68(1) : 123-131 (2013) Edited by P. Perret © CONSERVATOIRE ET JARDIN BOTANIQUES DE GENÈVE 2013 124 – Candollea 68, 2013 Introduction Towards the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th century, a significant number of papers on the African flora, particularly from southern Africa, were published by Hans Schinz, a well-known professor of botany at the University of Zürich, Switzerland (see for example SCHINZ, 1896, 1903b; STAFLEU & CoWAN, 1985). Schinz (1858-1941) visited southern Africa from 1884 to 1887 and spent seven months in ovamboland in South West Africa, present-day Namibia (GUNN & CoDD, 1981). There he was assisted by the Finnish Missionary Martti Rautanen (1845-1926) whose interest in plant collecting was stimulated through his contact with Schinz. Later, Rautanen and Moritz Kurt Dinter (1868-1945) provided further specimens collected in South West Africa for Schinz’s taxonomic studies. A lesser known collector who also gathered material for Schinz from this area was August Wulfhorst (1861-1936). Most of his specimens are recorded as having originated from “Amboland, Uukuanyama, omupanda” and were cited by Schinz as occurring in South West Africa, at the time a German colony. However, omupanda is located in present-day Angola. This has been overlooked in the literature on the flora of Angola. Historical Background August Wulfhorst was born on 12 March 1861 in Gütersloh in Germany and became a missionary of the Rheinische Missionsgesellschaft, after which he travelled to German South West Africa in 1890 to establish a Rhenish mission. Soon after arriving, Wulfhorst and another Rhenish missionary by the name of Meisenholl, established a mission station at ondjiva in 1891 (DIERKS, 2003-2004). ondjiva is situated in presentday Angola. The following year a second mission was established at omupanda, a locality between ondjiva and Namacunde, at a latitude of 17º08’S, which also falls within the borders of Angola. In 1892 Wulfhorst married Thusnelda Härlin (DIERKS, 1999-2005, 2003-2004). He collected plant specimens that he sent to Schinz in Zürich, and a large quantity of ethnological material (G UNN & CoDD, 1981). Regrettably, his photographs were kept in the photographic archives of the Rhenish missions in Germany, which was destroyed during the Second World War. None of his photos survived (VILHUNEN, 1995), but some fortunately appeared in a book called Ovamboland (TöNJES, 1911). Hermann Tönjes was also a Rhenish Missionary in the Kwanyama area who later became commissioner at Lüderitz (D IERKS, 1999-2005). He was stationed at omupanda from 1899 to 1907. During that period Wulfhorst was on leave in Germany for c. two and a half years, in 1900-1902 (T öNJES, 1911). Tönjes’ book provides an account of the establishment of the Rhenish missions in ovamboland. Wulfhorst is credited for providing photographs for the book, even though it is not clear whether all the photographs are his. The church of the omupanda mission is depicted in one of the photos. The mission had to be closed in 1917 due to an increase in hostilities in the area (GUNN & CoDD, 1981) and from 1919 to 1927 Wulfhorst was stationed in Karibib (DIERKS, 2003-2004). He eventually returned to Gütersloh (Germany) where he died on 28 September 1936. SCHINZ (e.g. 1903b) cited the Wulfhorst collections as originating from German South West Africa and not Angola. This is not surprising, considering the historical background of the area. on 30 December 1886 Portugal and Germany signed the German-Portuguese Boundary Convention. An arbitrary border between Angola and German South West Africa was then agreed upon. This border was defined by mapmakers and had little immediate effect in the field. However, it would have a tremendous effect on the local ovambo people, as it caused the splitting of the Kwanyama Kingdom. At the time of Wulfhorst’s activity, Ueyulu ya Hedimbi, who reigned from 1884 to 1904 was the Kwanyama King. on their arrival in ovamboland Wulfhorst and Meisenholl were invited by King Ueyulu to establish their mission at ondjiva, then the capital of the Kingdom (DIERKS, 1999-2005). King Ueyulu’s photograph appears in TöNJES (1911) book, and the photograph was probably taken by Wulfhorst. The town of ondjiva retains its name today, after a few decades of colonial rule when it was known as Pereira d’Eça. In the late 19th century, Lutheran churches had a strong presence in the area (DUPARQUET, 1953). In the years that followed the establishment of the Rhenish missions, both Portuguese and Germans tried to subjugate the Kwanyama to extend their power and consolidate their presence in the area. King Nande who succeeded King Ueyulu in a short reign (1904-1911) that ended with his death, managed to independently negotiate with both sides to obtain protection from the other. Meanwhile, the border between Namibia and Angola remained under dispute with no end in sight. The disputed area between latitudes 17º17’10’’S and 17º23’10’’S (a strip c. 13 km wide) was then considered a neutral zone. In 1911, at a very young age, Mandume ya Ndemufayo (c. 1894-1917) became King (S HIWEDA, 2005). As the First World War was raging in Europe, he attacked Portuguese outposts but was defeated in August 1915 after a three-day battle against about 7,000 Portuguese troops lead by General Pereira d’Eça (who would later be commemorated in ondjiva’s colonial name). Mandume signed a treaty with the British South African Administration and had to move the capital of his Kingdom further south, to oihole (SHIWEDA, 2005), a locality that was in the area claimed by the Germans but is now in Angola, near the border with Namibia, 6 km north of odibo in Namibia. He was also made to relinquish power over his subjects in the area dominated by the Portuguese. Mandume did not submit to the colonial powers and after refusing to surrender his weapons to South Africa, an expeditionary force (the ‘owamboland Expedition’) attacked oihole in 1917. Mandume was found August Wulfhorst (1861-1936) and his overlooked contributions on the flora of Angola – 125 dead a few days after the battle, the reason for his death being unclear. Mandume’s death caused a vacancy in the throne of the Kwanyama Kingdom that was to last over 80 years. These confrontations took place not far from the Rhenish missions and resulted in their closure. At this time Wulfhorst left the region. The omupanda mission was later taken over by the Roman Catholic Church (I GREJA EVANGÉLICA LUTERANA DE ANGoLA). The border between the colonies was only officially accepted in 1922, when Portugal’s claim to the neutral zone succeeded. It was defined along the latitude 17º23’23’’S between the rivers Cunene/Kunene and Cubango/okavango, and it was officially demarcated in 1928. Collections from Omupanda No collections by Wulfhorst have previously been recorded from Angola in the literature on the flora of that country. Wulfhorst was also not listed as an Angolan collector (FIGUEIREDo & SMITH, 2008). The herbarium of the University of Zürich (Z) holds the first set of Wulfhorst collections. other herbaria that hold duplicates of his collection are K and BM. When this study was initiated only 20 specimens appeared in the Z database; after investigation in the literature further specimens were located and included in that database. In 1898 Schinz received from Wulfhorst a total of 172 numbers of herbarium specimens, some of them consisting of up to four Fig. 1. – Original and replacement labels of the holotype of Wulfhorstia spicata C. DC. sheets, as stated in the annual report of the Botanical Garden and Botanical Museum of the University of Zürich for that particular year. It is stated that these specimens were received from “missionary Wulfhorst, omupanda” and that they stem from “Amboland”. So far, no correspondence between Schinz and Wulfhorst has been located in the extensive archives of Schinz kept at the Herbarium of the University of Zurich (Z), nor at the manuscript department of the Zentralbibliothekt Zürich (www.zb.uzh.ch) where part of the correspondence of Hans Schinz is deposited. Most of Wulfhorst’s specimens that can be examined online do not carry the original labels (Fig. 1-2); instead standard handwritten labels of unknown origin and reading “Botanische Sammlungen der Universität Zürich. Amboland: Uukuanjama, omupanda 1898. Leg. Wulfhorst” are affixed to them. original labels are attached to some specimens, but they are hardly legible. Several discrepancies were found between the original and replacement labels, such as collecting date. Replacement labels indicate a collecting date of 1898, but where original labels are present they show an earlier date. It is now confirmed that the date of 1898 refers to the date when the material was received at Z, which corresponds to a common practice among European herbaria at that time. The collecting numbers listed by Schinz, as well as the numbers in some labels, are also doubtful and may refer to batches of specimens, since the same number is used for 126 – Candollea 68, 2013 Fig. 2. – Holotype of Wulfhorstia spicata C. DC. (Z000015223), showing original and replacement labels. plants of different families. Nevertheless, all specimens that have a standard label, and those cited by Schinz, have as locality ‘omupanda’, which may indicate that further information on their origin was obtained by Schinz through other means (such as correspondence). In spite of the discrepancies in the data, all these Wulfhorst specimens originate from present-day Angola, as both missions where he is known to have worked (ondjiva and omupanda) are situated in that country. At present, some 34 species from 14 families are represented as herbarium specimens collected by Wulfhorst. In addition to the specimens stored at the herbarium of the University of Zürich (Z) at least two duplicates were provided, presumably by Schinz, to the herbarium of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K), and the holotype of Melanthera schinziana S. Moore (Asteraceae) [= Melanthera triternata (Klatt) Wild] at BM which was received from Schinz in 1903 has apparently no duplicates. The examination of these collections brought to light four overlooked new records from literature for the flora of Angola (see Table 1) and a further four possible new records requiring confirmation of the identifications. The Finnish Missionary Rautanen also appears to have collected some specimens in omupanda. For example, Rautanen 323, a type of Wulfhorstia spicata C. DC., has a label indicating ‘omupanda’ and the date 22 September 1900. on the other hand, the syntypes of Hemizygia serrata Briq., collected by Rautanen, that were cited in the protologue of that species (S CHINZ, 1903b: 996) as originating from omupanda were apparently misrecorded. one of these specimens, Rautanen s.n. dated 1900 (Z-000018796) has an original label reading ondonga (located in Namibia). Although it has been recorded in the literature that Rautanen spent the years 1891-1903 in Finland (e.g. GUNN & CoDD, 1981; ZüRICH HERBARIUM DATABASE), other sources (DIERKS, 1999-2005) indicate that he moved to olukonda in 1880 and spent the rest of his life there. In fact, there are several Rautanen collections from Namibia in the period 1891-1903 (see JSToR PLANT SCIENCE and CATALoGUE DES HERBIERS DE GENèVE). The missionary Tönjes, who was based at omupanda in 1899-1907 (see above) also appears to have sent collections to Schinz. He was commemorated in Celosia toenjesii Schinz (= Hermbstaedtia argenteiformis Schinz). In the protologue of this name (S CHINZ, 1903a), Schinz cites as specimens ‘Wulfhorst 19 und 25, Tönjes’. Wulfhorst 19 is recorded as collected by Wulfhorst in 1895. The other number seems to correspond to a collection registered in Z as Z-000000273. This collection consists of two sheets, both with a type label; one was collected in 1900 by “Mission Tönjes”, while the other one has an original label dated 1895 that proposes Wulfhorst as collector, with no mention of Tönjes. The number 25 was added to these two sheets in a different handwriting and does not appear to be the original collection number. These specimens are not duplicates of the same collection. August Wulfhorst (1861-1936) and his overlooked contributions on the flora of Angola – 127 References JSToR PLANT SCIENCE. [plants.jstor.org/] (accessed March 2011). SCHINZ, H. (1896). Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Afrikanischen Flora. V. Bull. Herb. Boissier 4: 809-846. AFRICAN PLANT DATABASE (version 3.3.5). Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève and South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria [www.ville-ge.ch/musinfo/bd/cjb/ africa/] (accessed February 6th, 2012). SCHINZ, H. (1900). Die Pflanzenwelt Deutsch-Südwest-Afrikas. Mém. Herb. Boissier 1: 103-131. CANDoLLE, C. DE, E. KoEHNE & H. SCHINZ (1900). Diagnoses Plantarum Africanum Novarum. Mém. Herb. Boissier 8: 76-79. SCHINZ, H. (1903a). Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Amaranthaceen. Bull. Herb. Boissier ser. 2, 3: 1-9. CATALoGUE DES HERBIERS DE GENèVE. Conservatoire & Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève [www.ville-ge.ch/musinfo/ bd/cjb/chg] (accessed February 6th, 2012). SCHINZ, H. (1903b). Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Afrikanischen Flora. XV. Bull. Herb. Boissier ser. 2, 3: 975-1006, 1069-1096. SCHINZ, H. (1904). Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Afrikanischen Flora XVI. Bull. Herb. Boissier ser. 2, 4: 995-1025. DIERKS, K. (1999-2005). Chronology of Namibian history. [www.namweb.net/content/chronology-namibian-history] (accessed March 2011). S CHINZ, H. & K. DINTER (1903). Malvaceae und Bombacaceae Deutsch-Südwest-Afrikas. Bull. Herb. Boissier ser. 2, 3: 824-836. DIERKS, K. (2003-2004). Biographies of Namibian personalities. [www.klausdierks.com/Biographies/Biographies_W.htm] (accessed March 2011). SHIWEDA, N. (2005). Mandume ya Ndemufayo’s memorials in Namibia and Angola. Unpublished thesis. Department of History, University of the Western Cape, Bellville. DUPARQUET, C. (1953). Viagens na Cimbebásia. Versão e prefácio de Gastão de Sousa Dias. Museu do Dundo, Luanda. STAFLEU, F. A. & R. S. CoWAN (1985). Hans Schinz. In: TL-2. Ed. 2, vol. 5. Regnum Veg. 112: 175-182. ENGLER, A. (1899). Monographien Afrikanischer Pflanzenfamilien und Gattungen. III. Combretaceae-Combretum. Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig. TöNJES, H. (1911). Ovamboland: country, people, mission, with particular reference to the largest tribe, the Kwanyama. [Reprinted in 1996 by the Namibia Scientific Society, Windhoek]. FIGUEIREDo, E. & G. F. SMITH (2008). Plants of Angola / Plantas de Angola. Strelitzia 22. VAN DILST, F. J. H. (1995). Baissea A.DC. Series of revisions of Apocynaceae XXXIX. Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belg. 64: 89-178. GUNN, M. & L. E. CoDD (1981). Botanical exploration of southern Africa. A. A. Balkema, Cape Town. VILHUNEN, T. (1995). To the East and South-Missionaries as Photographers 1890-1930. The Finnish Evangelical Lutheran Mission. IGREJA EVANGÉLICA LUTERANA DE ANGoLA. [www.lucsa.org/memberchurches/church/?vhjjh=3] (accessed March 2011). ZüRICH HERBARIUM DATABASE. [www.zuerich-herbarien.unizh.ch/] accessed March 2011). 128 – Candollea 68, 2013 Table 1. – Known collections of August Wulfhorst (classification follows AFRICAN PLANT DATABASE). [ZHD = ZÜRICH HERBARIUM DATABASE; JSTOR = JSTOR PLANT SCIENCE]. Wulfhorst Nr 170 Date 1898 Taxon (accepted name in square barckets, if different) Acanthaceae : Monechma divaricatum (Nees) C. B. Clarke Type — — 191 6 190 35 39 1898 1898 1898 1895 1897 1898 1898 Acanthaceae : Monechma divaricatum (Nees) C. B. Clarke Acanthaceae : Petalidium variabile C. B. Clarke var. variabile Acanthaceae : Ruellia patula Jacq. Acanthaceae : Ruellia patula Jacq. Acanthaceae : Ruellia patula Jacq. Amaranthaceae : Achyranthes aspera L. Amaranthaceae : Aerva leucura Moq. 19 18.1.1895 Amaranthaceae : Hermbstaedtia argenteiformis Schinz — 2 — 4.3.1894 Apocynaceae : Baissea wulfhorstii Schinz Apocynaceae : Baissea wulfhorstii Schinz IsoHolo- 2 45 4.3.1895 1898 Apocynaceae : Baissea wulfhorstii Schinz Apocynaceae : Carissa edulis Forssk. [= C. spinarum L.] Iso- — 5 — 27.11.1896 Asteraceae : Melanthera schinziana S. Moore [= M. triternata (Klatt) Wild.] Bombacaceae : Adansonia digitata L. Holo- 37 1895 Bombacaceae : Adansonia digitata L. 14 4.10.1894 Combretaceae : Combretum odontopetalum Engl. & Diels [= C. zeyheri Sond.] Lecto- 14 16 14 5 15 13 17 12 2 2 2 2 22 3.1895 1898 1898 1898 1898 1898 1898 1898 1898 1898 1898 1898 29.5.1895 Combretaceae : Combretum odontopetalum Engl. & Diels [= C. zeyheri Sond.] Cyperaceae : Bulbostylis hispidula (Vahl) R. W. Haines Cyperaceae : Cyperus schinzii Boeck. Cyperaceae : Cyperus margaritaceus Vahl Cyperaceae : Cyperus margaritaceus Vahl Cyperaceae : Pycreus chrysanthus (Boeck.) C. B. Clarke Cyperaceae : Pycreus chrysanthus (Boeck.) C. B. Clarke Cyperaceae : Rhynchospora holoschoenoides (Rich.) Herter Fabaceae : Acacia amboensis Schinz [= A. sieberiana var. woodii (Burtt Davy) Keay & Brenan] Fabaceae : Acacia amboensis Schinz [= A. sieberiana var. woodii (Burtt Davy) Keay & Brenan] Fabaceae : Acacia amboensis Schinz [= A. sieberiana var. woodii (Burtt Davy) Keay & Brenan] Fabaceae : Acacia amboensis Schinz [= A. sieberiana var. woodii (Burtt Davy) Keay & Brenan] Fabaceae : Baphia obovata Schinz [= B. massaiensis subsp. obovata (Schinz) Brummitt] Isolecto- 46 23 s.n. 3 43 1 1 1 10.5.1895 1898 4.3.1895 5.2.1897 1898 1898 1898 Iridaceae : Ferraria viscaria Schinz [= F. glutinosa (Baker) Rendle] Lamiaceae : Acrotome amboensis Briq. [= A. inflata Benth.] Lamiaceae : Acrotome amboensis Briq. [= A. inflata Benth.] Lamiaceae : Acrotome amboensis Briq. [= A. inflata Benth.] Lamiaceae [or Verbenaceae]: Clerodendrum glabrum E. Mey. Lamiaceae : Hemizygia serrata Briq. [= Syncolostemon bracteosus (Benth.) D. F. Otieno] Lamiaceae : Hemizygia serrata Briq. [= Syncolostemon bracteosus (Benth.) D. F. Otieno] Lamiaceae : Hemizygia serrata Briq. [= Syncolostemon bracteosus (Benth.) D. F. Otieno] SynSynSynSynHoloHoloParaParaSynSynSyn- August Wulfhorst (1861-1936) and his overlooked contributions on the flora of Angola – 129 Barcode Z-000075008 Z-000075009 Z-000075010 Z-000033061 Z-000075060 Z-000075059 Z-000075061 Z-000073329 Z-000033398 Z-000073342 Z-000073330 Z-000073331 Z-000000990 Z-000000991 References ZHD ZHD ZHD ZHD ZHD ZHD ZHD ZHD No original label. Possibly a new record for Angola. No original label. ZHD Only one of the two sheets contains labels, indicating a collection consisting of two parts. SCHINZ (1896 : 816) ; ZHD SCHINZ (1896 : 816) ; ZHD K000233984 Z-000051135 SCHINZ (1896 : 816) ; JSTOR ZHD BM000924423 Z-000073019 Z-000073020 Z-000073021 Z-000073022 Z-000002913 SCHINZ (1904 : 1018) ; JSTOR SCHINZ & DINTER (1903 : 836) K000226639 Z-000074089 Z-000073534 Z-000073687 Z-000073688 Z-000074402 Z-000074403 Z-000074432 Z-000021298 Z-000021299 Z-000021300 Z-000021301 Z-000022529 ENGLER (1899 : 60) ; JSTOR ZHD ZHD ZHD ZHD ZHD ZHD ZHD SCHINZ (1900 : 105) ; ZHD SCHINZ (1900 : 105) ; ZHD SCHINZ (1900 : 105) ; ZHD SCHINZ (1900 : 105) ; ZHD SCHINZ (1896 : 815) ; ZHD Z-000073023 Z-000073016 Z-000073017 Z-000073018 Z-000072302 Z-000018802 Z-000018801 Z-000018800 CANDOLLE & al. (1900 : 77) ENGLER (1899 : 60) SCHINZ SCHINZ ZHD SCHINZ SCHINZ SCHINZ Notes (1903b : 1095) (1903b : 1095) (1903b : 996) ; ZHD (1903b : 996) ; ZHD (1903b : 996) ; ZHD Original label reads ’15 Sept.1894’ and has no collecting number. Cited by VAN DILST (1995) as originating from Namibia. Original label date is 15.10.1896. Locality appears to be Omukishinananga ? Incorrectly labelled as from Hereroland. ‘Amboland, Uukwanyama’ Original label reads ‘Omupanda’ Original label reads ‘4 Oct. 1894’. Locality is Uukwanyama, the rest is unclear. Protologue and distributed label indicate ‘Omupanda’. Possibly a new record for Angola. Possibly a new record for Angola. Possibly a new record for Angola. No original label. No original label. No original label. Original label reads ‘Omupanda 15.10.1896’ Original label is partly concealed on image but reads ‘Omupanda’. The date is in a later label. No original label. Original label does not mention Omupanda. No original label. No original label. These three duplicates lack original labels. Later labels give the date as 1898. However, in the protologue of the species the date cited is 1895. Cont. 130 – Candollea 68, 2013 Table 1. – Cont. Wulfhorst Nr — Date 1898 Taxon (accepted name in square barckets, if different) Lamiaceae : Ocimum menthiifolium var. australe Briq. [= Ocimum forskolei Benth.] Type Type ? — — 169 s.n. 1898 1898 1898 1898 Lamiaceae : Ocimum suave var. distantidens Briq. [= O. gratissimum L. var. gratissimum] Malvaceae : Hibiscus cannabinus L. Malvaceae : Hibiscus elliotiae Harv. Malvaceae : Pavonia hirsuta Guill. & Perr. [= P. senegalensis (Cav.) Leistner] Syn- 157 (7?) 110 171 171a 171a 170 171 — — 27 10 11 4.3.1895 10.3.1895 1898 1898 1898 1898 1898 1898 1898 1898 1898 1898 Malvaceae : Pavonia hirsuta Guill. & Perr. [= P. senegalensis (Cav.) Leistner] Malvaceae : Pavonia schumanniana Schinz [= P. clathrata Mast.] Malvaceae : Pavonia schumanniana Schinz [= P. clathrata Mast.] Malvaceae : Sida cordifolia L. Malvaceae : Sida cordifolia L. Malvaceae : Sida grewioides Guill. & Perr. [= S. ovata Forssk.] Malvaceae : Sida grewioides Guill. & Perr. [= S. ovata Forssk.] Meliaceae : Wulfhorstia spicata C. DC. [= Entandrophragma spicatum (C. DC.) Sprague] Meliaceae : Wulfhorstia spicata C. DC. [= Entandrophragma spicatum (C. DC.) Sprague] Nymphaeaceae : Nymphaea caerulea Savigny [= N. nouchali var. caerulea (Savigny) Verdc.] Poaceae : Melinis repens (Willd.) Zizka Poaceae : Setaria appendiculata (Hack.) Stapf IsoHolo- August Wulfhorst (1861-1936) and his overlooked contributions on the flora of Angola – 131 Barcode Z-000018954 References ZHD Z-000029667 Z-000073001 Z-000073000 Z-000073024 Z-000073025 Z-000073026 Z-000073027 Z-000073028 Z-000072998 Z-000072999 Z-000072997 Z-000072996 Z-000015247 Z-000015223 Z-000067773 Z-000080724 Z-000080809 SCHINZ (1903b : 980) ; ZHD SCHINZ & DINTER (1903 : 832) SCHINZ & DINTER (1903 : 830) SCHINZ & DINTER (1903 : 828) SCHINZ & DINTER (1903 : 829) SCHINZ & DINTER (1903 : 829) SCHINZ & DINTER (1903 : 827) SCHINZ & DINTER (1903 : 827) SCHINZ & DINTER (1903 : 828) SCHINZ & DINTER (1903 : 828) CANDOLLE & al. (1900 : 78) ; ZHD CANDOLLE & al. (1900 : 78) ; ZHD ZHD ZHD ZHD Notes No original label. Labelled as type, but the variety could not be found in the literature. Possibly a new record for Angola. No original label. It is labelled as lectotype by A. Paton (1990, in sched.). No original label. No original label. New record for Angola. No original label. Original label reads ‘Omupanda’. Original label reads ‘Omupanda’. New record for Angola. No original label. New record for Angola. No original label. No original label. No original label. New record for Angola. No original label. New record for Angola. No original label. Original label date is 4/2/1897. Locality illegible (see Figure 1). No original label. No original label ; identified as Tricholaena rosae by Otto Stapf. No original label; handwritten note by Otto Stapf, undated. New record for Angola.