ANNOTATED CHECKLIST OF THE PLANTS OF THE SHIMBA HILLS, KWALE DISTRICT, KENYA Author(s): Quentin Luke Source: Journal of East African Natural History, 94(1):5-120. 2005. Published By: Nature Kenya/East African Natural History Society DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2982/0012-8317(2005)94[5:ACOTPO]2.0.CO;2 URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.2982/0012-8317%282005%2994%5B5%3AACOTPO %5D2.0.CO%3B2 BioOne (www.bioone.org) is a nonprofit, online aggregation of core research in the biological, ecological, and environmental sciences. BioOne provides a sustainable online platform for over 170 journals and books published by nonprofit societies, associations, museums, institutions, and presses. Your use of this PDF, the BioOne Web site, and all posted and associated content indicates your acceptance of BioOne’s Terms of Use, available at www.bioone.org/page/terms_of_use. Usage of BioOne content is strictly limited to personal, educational, and non-commercial use. Commercial inquiries or rights and permissions requests should be directed to the individual publisher as copyright holder. BioOne sees sustainable scholarly publishing as an inherently collaborative enterprise connecting authors, nonprofit publishers, academic institutions, research libraries, and research funders in the common goal of maximizing access to critical research. Journal of East African Natural History 94(1): 5–120 (2005) ANNOTATED CHECKLIST OF THE PLANTS OF THE SHIMBA HILLS, KWALE DISTRICT, KENYA Quentin Luke The East African Herbarium, National Museums of Kenya P.O. Box 45166, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya Centre for Tropical Plant Conservation, Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden 11935 Old Cutler Road, Coral Gables, FL 33156-4242 USA quentin.luke@swiftkenya.com ABSTRACT An annotated checklist of the Shimba Hills in Kwale District is presented. The checklist includes the plants found in the Shimba Hills National Reserve, Mkongani North and West Forest Reserves, Matuga, Mwaluganje Forest Reserve and Elephant Sanctuary, as well as Kaya Chombo, Kaya Teleza, Chitsanze Sacred Grove and the recently destroyed Kaya Miyani. One thousand three hundred and ninety six (1396) plant taxa in 145 families and 686 genera are documented. This represents 44% of the coastal flora and 21% of the Kenyan flora. For each taxon recorded, I also present recent synonyms, a reference specimen, a more precise locality within the checklist area, a short description of its habit and a diagnostic characteristic, as well as some notes on its distribution and conservation status. INTRODUCTION Turning south from Mombasa, Kenya’s largest coastal town, a low range of hills become apparent some 15 km inland and 20 km from Mombasa (figure 1). Rising to just over 400 m, they are not very imposing viewed through the coconut and cashew trees on the local farms. Little natural vegetation remains along this coastal strip, which is particularly well known internationally for its tourism industry of beach hotels and retirement homes. The main road rises rapidly from the coastal highway to Kwale town, the local administrative centre for the surrounding Kwale District. The Shimba Hills National Reserve (NR) is obvious on the left (or south) with both its pine plantations and natural forest interspersed with grassland and scrub. The hills themselves lie NNE/SSW and are located between 4°05'–4°21'S and 39°15'–39°30'E. The ground rises fairly gradually from the coastal plain to the south and east, with a sharper drop to the north and west into the Cha Simba or Pemba river valley which divides the main hills from the Mwaluganje Hills. 6 Q. Luke The vegetation of the hills, now only remaining in anything like natural condition within the National Reserve (NR) boundary, has been variously classified (Dale, 1939; Moomaw, 1960; Greenway, 1973; White, 1983; Beentje, 1990; Schmidt, 1991) with greater or lesser importance Figure 1. Map of Shimba Hills National Reserve and surrounding area. Checklist of the plants of the Shimba Hills, Kenya 7 given to the seasonality (bimodal), quantity of rainfall (approximately 1200 mm per annum), the degree of ‘deciduousness’ (quite significant) and the main species components (Afzelia/Hymenaea; Sterculia/Chlorophora/Memecylon; Combretum/Cynometra and many others). Geology The Shimba plateau (shown very effectively in figure 3 in Schmidt (1991)) is the result of uplifting during the Pliocene of the Shimba syncline of Shimba grits and Mazeras sandstone, partially filled with Magarini sands (Caswell & Baker, 1953; Moomaw, 1960; Schmidt 1991). This has resulted in most of the area being derived from nutrient poor, fine grained, Shimba grits with a central area originating from the more fertile, larger grained, Magarini sands such as Longomwagandi and Makadara. An interesting area towards the northeastern end of Mwaluganje contains some caves in Jurassic limestone. Conservation history Initially set aside by the colonial government in 1903 as a source for timber, it was not until 1956 that the reserved area reached its present size by the addition of the eastern and southern areas (Schmidt, 1991). Part of this became a Game Reserve in 1963, following recommendations by various game wardens including Jack Bonham, Gordon Harvey, Des Bartlett and Ian Parker (Ian Parker, pers. comm.). This area was then gazetted as a NR in 1968, although Eric Risley, former District Commissioner, Kwale had called for National Park status. This was followed immediately by an ecological survey (Glover, 1968). The twin objectives of the NR were to protect the water catchment area and contribute to tourism revenue. More recently protection and conservation of biodiversity has become equally, if not more, important. The two Mkongani Forest Reserves (FRs), North and West are administered under the joint management agreement between Kenya Wildlife Service (KWS) and the Forestry Department (FD). The Mwaluganje FR was contributed by the FD to the Mwaluganje Elephant Sanctuary, a community tourism venture (see below). The Duruma sacred site, Kaya Mtae, situated on the central ‘hump’ of the reserve, was gazetted as a National Monument (NM) in 1992 under the Museums Act. Other natural areas included in this inventory are: Kaya Teleza, also gazetted as an NM in 1992; Kaya Chombo, gazetted as an NM in 1999; and former Kaya Miyani near Kwale town (see below). Chitsanze (or Kitsanze) Sacred Grove was allocated to private owners by Kwale County Council and has no protective status. Vegetation Interpretation of aerial photography and ground-truthing by Kenya Indigenous Forest Conservation Programme (KIFCON) timber inventory teams in the early 90’s produced a vegetation map of the NR using six very rough vegetation-cover categories (Blackett, 1994) (table 1). No similar figures are available for the Mwaluganje FR, although 23% forest/woodland and 76% thicket/scrub are reported (Davies & Bennun, 1993), and based on KIFCON mapping data, a large area appears on the map as forested. The area remaining today is but a small fraction of the original, due to extensive elephant damage and the scouring of the Pemba riverbanks during the El Niño weather event of 1997–1998. Kaya Teleza represented approximately 200 ha of closed canopy forest in the 1990’s but its current status is uncertain. Kaya Chombo and Chitsanze Sacred Grove together represented some 20 ha but, again, their current status is unknown. Kaya Miyani ceased to exist during the 1990’s. 8 Q. Luke Table 1. KIFCON vegetation cover categories for Shimba Hills National Reserve. Vegetation Category Forest Forest/Scrub Grassland Scrub/Grassland Plantations Other TOTAL Area (ha) 9500 8000 2700 700 600 200 21700 Percent of total area 44 37 12 3 3 1 100 History of the checklist Few checklists are begun from ‘scratch’ and this is no exception. Botanists that started to document the Shimba vegetation include T. Wakefield (around 1860), R.M. Graham (1929), VGL van Someren & GR Cunningham-van Someren (1940’s), R.B. Drummond and J.H. Hemsley (1953), J.C. Moomaw (1958/9), P.J. Greenway (1962), B. Verdcourt (1964), J.B. Gillett (1968), R.B. Faden (1960’s/70’s) amongst others. The first attempt at a checklist (Glover et al., 1969) was also intended to document the local Digo names and forms the ‘seed’ for this inventory. S.A. Robertson’s painstaking cupboard search in the East Africa Herbarium (EA) for coastal records in preparation for her preliminary survey of the Kaya forests (Robertson, 1987), added to Glover & Magogo’s collections, produced a working list for S.A. Robertson & Q. Luke to use in the field during the WWF-funded project Coast Forest Survey (CFS), which took place between 1988 and 1991 (Robertson & Luke, 1993). The CFS computer database continued to be added to by Q. Luke during the establishment and operation of the WWF and Department for International Development (DFID) funded project under the National Museums of Kenya (NMK), the Coastal Forest Conservation Unit (CFCU) from 1992 to 2001. Although this was primarily a conservation project, setting the foundation for the long-term preservation of the sacred forests or “Kayas” of the Mjikenda peoples (Spear, 1978), effort was made to continue to document the importance of the coastal vegetation (Luke & Githitho, 2003). This work, amongst others, contributed directly to the inclusion of the Kenyan coastal forest as part of “Eastern Arc and East African Coastal Forests Biodiversity Hotspot”, one of the 25 world biodiversity hotspots (Myers et al., 2000; Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund, 2003). With the inception in 2003 of the Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund (CEPF) for this hotspot, not only was attention drawn to the world importance of this area, but also funds were made available to increase knowledge and increase conservation efforts. An assessment of the threatened plants of the hotspot by R. Gereau and Q. Luke led to a “List of Potentially Threatened Plants” of the hotspot (Gereau & Luke, 2003). Two hundred and seventy six of these plants are found within the Shimba Hills. MATERIAL AND METHODS Setting the boundaries for this checklist was driven by the database. Beginning with records from CFS (Robertson & Luke, 1993), and adding from Glover et al. (1969), the initial list covered the National Reserve and both Mkongani Forest Reserves. To this were added lists for Kaya Teleza, Kaya Miyani (since destroyed) and Kaya Chombo, recorded during CFCU and extended with S.A. Robertson’s records from Golini and Chitsanze Sacred Grove. On adding the separate checklist for Mwaluganje FR (which later became the Mwaluganje Checklist of the plants of the Shimba Hills, Kenya 9 Elephant Sanctuary with the inclusion of the elephant “corridor”) it became justifiable to include the records of the Matuga area made by S.A. Robertson and others, since the lowest altitudes were similar (down to 80 m). Thus the area covered by this checklist approximates to a rectangle 38 x 16 km aligned NE/SW, with an altitude range of 80–454 m, roughly 60 000 ha. This is nearly three times the area of the National Reserve, reported as 22 000 ha. Taxonomy and identification Plant specimens collected from the area where identified using the standard references for the area (Beentje, 1994; Haines & Lye, 1983; Ibrahim & Kabuye, 1988; FTEA, 1952–) and compared with material held in EA and at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K). Where possible, all cited specimens not collected by the author have been examined (unless otherwise stated) and their identification checked or the specimen is cited in FTEA. In the event that no reference specimen was available, the inclusion of a “sight record” (sr) is dependent on the author’s familiarity and/or collection of that plant from within the coastal region. Checklist The families are arranged according to the modified Bentham/Hooker order used in the East African Herbarium, apart from Bryophyta and Pteridophyta, where the families are listed alphabetically. Each taxon is presented in the following format of lines. If there is no data for a line, then the line is omitted. The first line contains the taxon name and a cited specimen. Taxon names are arranged alphabetically for genera and species within each family, followed by the author abbreviation and preceded by "?" if there is still doubt over the correct identity. One cited collection from the area giving collectors name and collection number. If no collection from the area is present in EA and the taxon is well known, then "sr" represents a sight record. '*' indicates that the specimen is cited in FTEA. The second line contains synonyms. Only recent or well-known synonyms are included. The third line contains a more precise locality for the cited specimen or sight record within the delineated area as well as a description, which gives the habit and size, followed by an abbreviated (often cryptic!) differential description to assist in distinguishing species within the same genus in the field. The last line contains the distribution, conservation status and miscellaneous comments. For conservation status, a 'rarity' category as used in Robertson & Luke (1993) is indicated, as well as the IUCN redlist category if listed (Critically endangered, Endangered, Vulnerable). This is followed by a comment about the collection or the taxon if there is any information of note. RESULTS Species composition This checklist records a total of 1396 plants that are indigenous or are considered naturalised within the Shimba Hills. The exotic crop and ornamental plants are also listed (Appendix 1), though this list is very much incomplete. This total represents 44% of the coastal flora (34 % of the K7 area of FTEA) and 21% of the current estimate for Kenya’s flora of 6500. These plant records are distributed amongst 143 families and 686 genera. 10 Q. Luke The larger families represented in this checklist are Leguminosae (124) Gramineae (109 taxa), and Rubiaceae (104 taxa). The largest genera are Cyperus (29 taxa), Ficus (16 taxa) and Ipomoea (14 taxa). The different growth forms are presented in table 2. Table2. Growth habit of the plants of the Shimba Hills. Growth habit Trees Small trees Shrubs Scandent Shrubs/Lianes/Climbers Woody herbs Herbs (Hemi-) Parasites Epiphytes Aquatics Number of species 152 207 147 267 172 383 11 52 5 % of total 10.9 14.8 10.5 19.1 12.3 27.4 0.8 3.7 0.4 Table 3 presents an overview of the phytogeographic affinities of the flora. Sixty four species occurring in this area are restricted to the Kenya Coast and four species (of which one is a bryophyte) are potentially restricted to the Shimba Hills only. Table 3: Phytogeographic affinities. The categories used in the checklist are those applied in Robertson & Luke (1993). Phytogeographic region Kenyan Coastal Endemics Kenyan Somalia/Masai Endemics Zanzibar/Inhambane Endemics Somalia/Masai Endemics Zanzibar/Inhambane + one other region Pan African Pan Tropical Unassigned Number of species 64 1 279 19 250 396 360 27 Table 4 presents an overview of the species of special conservation concern. Table 4: Species of conservation concern. Categories CFS Rare Rare Kenya Rare Kenya coast IUCN Critically endangered Endangered Vulnerable Number 62 194 184 1 6 35 Checklist of the plants of the Shimba Hills, Kenya 11 DISCUSSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS Biodiversity The species diversity of this area is truly impressive. It is perhaps unfortunate that just across the Kenyan/Tanzania border lie the Usambara Mountains whose great age, incredible altitude range and higher rainfall give the nearest comparison for an area fully documented for plants. Iversen (1991) gives a total of 2855 indigenous and 239 naturalised taxa for the whole range, East and West Usambaras combined. It is probably the Shimba’s proximity to this centre of diversity, through similar climatic history and plant dispersal, that has boosted its plant count to an outstanding figure for its size and altitude range. It is of extreme importance that Kenya guards its ‘little Usambaras’ and does not allow the same catastrophic misdeeds that nearly destroyed the plant wealth of the Usambaras to impact the Shimba Hills. Species of special conservation concern The total number of IUCN ‘redlisted’ species is 42, whereas the total noted by CFS as having some rarity rating is 440. This is a huge disparity and was noted in the preparation of the ‘Ecosystem Profile’ for the CEPF hotspot. As mentioned above, the “List of Potentially Threatened Plants” includes 276 Shimba species. The need to urgently reassess the conservation status of plants in this area was recognised as a major direction for investment and a three year project to complete this task began in February 2005. Elephants Historically the Shimba elephants have wandered between the Shimba Hills and Mkomazi in Tanzania to the west and Tsavo East NP to the north. The presence of large savanna animals mixed with small ‘forest’ animals was noted by various researchers (Reuling et al., 1992) and administrators, suggesting that there were migrants and residents animals. As humans settled more and more in the migration corridors, conflict increased with the resultant calls for barriers, starting with a moat and simple cable fence, to more complex and expensive electric fencing. Thus the Shimba elephant population has become more confined, but has not ceased to reproduce (Litoroh, 2003). The serious impact on the natural vegetation, particularly in the Mwaluganje area, was brought to the attention of the wildlife authority, KWS, in 1989 by the author and S.A. Robertson. Various workshops sought to discuss and seek solutions to the overpopulation, at one time estimated to be some 600 animals in 250 km2 or 2.4 animals.km-1. A somewhat short term solution was the creation of the Mwaluganje Elephant Sanctuary, by linking the Mwaluganje FR to the Shimba Hills NR by a corridor of land contributed by local landowners as part of investment in a community based tourism venture. This merely recognised an area already being used by the elephants and then confined them behind an expensive fence. The net reduction in pressure was nil or an actual increase. The impact on the natural vegetation intensified and the elephants sought greater territory and freedom by developing techniques for dealing with the fence. Meanwhile, continued botanical research served to underline the supreme value of the area in terms of biodiversity. Robertson & Luke (1993) had shown that the Shimbas far exceeded Arabuko Sokoke as an area of high plant diversity. The coast had already been reported as holding more than half of Kenya’s rare trees (Beentje, 1988), thus it became apparent that the Shimbas was Kenya’s premier area for plant diversity (Luke, 1995; Luke 2003). In arguments with the emotional defenders of high elephant numbers in the area, the question was asked “What do you want, a botanical garden?”. Based on 12 Q. Luke this inventory of Shimba’s plant wealth, the answer must be closer to the affirmative than ever before. Poor construction of the restraining fence and the severe weather event of 1997–1998 (El Niño), solved part of the problem, at least temporarily. For long periods no fence has existed and the elephants have been free to move out. The exact number remaining is uncertain; however, the management authority is now persuaded, perhaps more by the adverse politics of human/elephant conflict than consideration of the huge impact on the natural vegetation, that some 400 elephants should be translocated from the Shimba Hills to Tsavo East NP. The worth of this plan will not be discussed here. Whatever the outcome, it is of utmost importance that the Shimba elephants should be removed completely or actively managed as a tourism prop that should not endanger their habitat nor their co-inhabitants. Pines The plantation forest (600 ha), which forms part of the Shimba Hills NR, has been the subject of much discussion and disagreement. It has not served its initial purpose to provide timber for coastal areas and its economic return has been negligible if set against the cost of establishment and management. It is the main bone-of-contention between the management players and its removal would lead to the immediate resolution of this conflict. Examination of the pine plantations shows quite considerable natura,l indigenous regeneration. A programme of careful removal would leave no scar and cause little adverse impact on wildlife and tourism activity. Joint management The National Reserve is under the joint management of the Forestry Department (FD) and Kenya Wildlife Services (KWS) (Litoroh et al., 2001). Much time and resources have been expended in trying to make this ‘marriage’ work and in trying to solve many disagreements or opposing interests. As Kenya’s most important reservoir of indigenous plant diversity, there is no room for this inefficient and potentially damaging union. The revenue from the removal of the pines, less the cost of such an operation, should be the golden handshake for the FD, thereafter the management of the NR should be entirely in the hands of KWS. Donor projects Various players have been involved in plans for the Shimba Hills NR. As it has become more and more ‘politically’ correct to involve ‘local communities’ in donor projects, so has the danger grown that the major reasons for the continued existence of the reserve be threatened or forgotten. A wholesale rush to “participatory forest management” and “stakeholder” inclusion in management plans threatens the subject of interest. Without overall strong government understanding and will to protect this area, ill conceived donor driven community development projects (Oates, 1999) will impact negatively and make both the people of Kwale and the whole of Kenya losers. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The author would like to thank the Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden, in particular its Director, Dr Michael Maunder, for funding. All past and present collaborators are hereby acknowledged and thanked as well as the following people who helped with checking individual families: Kaj Vollesen and Iain Darbyshire (Acanthaceae), David Goyder and Siro Checklist of the plants of the Shimba Hills, Kenya 13 Masinde (Apocynaceae, Asclepiadaceae), Henk Beentje (Compositae), Muthama Muasya (Cyperaceae), Christine Kabuye (Gramineae), Alan Paton (Labiatae), Aaron Davies (Rubiaceae) and Martin Cheek (Sterculiaceae, Capparaceae, Meliaceae). Tamás Pócs contributed nearly all Bryophyta records. I thank the two reviewers, Bernard Vercourt and Henk Beentje, for their comments; the editor for great patience, advice and suggestions; and lastly, my wife, Trish for help from beginning to end. REFERENCES Beentje, H.J. (1988). Atlas of the rare trees of Kenya. Utafiti 1(3): 71–123. Beentje, H.J. (1990). The forests of Kenya. Proceedings of the Twelfth Plenary Meeting of AETFAT. Mitteilungen des Instituts für Allgemeine Botanik Hamburg 23a: 265–286. Beentje, H.J. (1994). Kenya Trees, Shrubs and Lianas. National Museums of Kenya, Nairobi. Blackett, H.L. (1994). Shimba Hills, Mkongani North & Mkongani West—Forest Inventory Report No 4. Kenya Indigenous Forest Conservation Programme (KIFCON), Nairobi. Unpublished Report. Caswell, P.V. & B.H.Baker (1953). Geology of the Mombasa-Kwale Area. Geological Survey of Kenya Report No. 24. Government Printer, Nairobi. Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund (2003). Ecosystem Profile. Eastern Arc Mountains & Coastal Forests of Tanzania & Kenya Biodiversity Hotspot. Unpublished Report, available from http://www.cepf.net/. Dale, I.R. (1939). The Woody Vegetation of the Coast Province of Kenya. Imperial Forestry Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford. Davies, G. & L. Bennun (1993). Biodiversity overview of Shimba Hills National Reserve, Mkongani Forest Reserves & Malugangi Forest Reserve. KIFCON/NMK, Nairobi. Unpublished “Second Draft”. Flora of Tropical East Africa (FTEA). (1952–). Authors Various. Crown Agents for Overseas Governments and Administration, London; Balkema, Rotterdam & Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Gereau, R.E. & W.R.Q. Luke (2003). List of Potentially Threatened Plants of the Eastern Arc Mountains & Coastal Forests of Tanzania & Kenya Biodiversity Hotspot. Unpublished Report. CEPF. Glover, P.E. (1968). Report on an Ecological Survey of the Proposed Shimba Hills National Reserve. Soil Survey Unit, Department of Agriculture, Nairobi. Glover, P.E., F.C. Magogo & A.B. Hamisi (1969). A Digo-Botanical Glossary from the Shimba Hills, Kenya. Kenya National Parks, Nairobi. Greenway, P.J. (1973). A classification of the vegetation of East Africa. Kirkia 9: 1–68. Haines, R.W. & K.A. Lye (1983). The Sedges and Rushes of East Africa. East Africa Natural History Society, Nairobi. Ibrahim, K.M. & C.H.S. Kabuye (1988). An Illustrated Manual of Kenya Grasses. FAO, Rome. Iversen, S.T. (1991). The Usambara Mountains, NE Tanzania: phytogeography of the vascular plant flora. Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis Symbolae Botanicae 29:1–234. Litoroh, W.M., M. Mamati, M.G. Amboga, O.K. Macharia & S.M. Weru (2001). Joint Management Plan, Shimba Hills Ecosystem. Kenya Wildlife Services, Kenya Forest Department & Mwaluganje Elephant Sanctuary, Nairobi. First Draft. 14 Q. Luke Litoroh, W.M. (2003). Elephant management in the Shimba Hills ecosystem. In J. Hoorweg, & N. Muthiga (eds.), Recent Advances in Coastal Ecology, Studies from Kenya. African Study Centre Research Report 70. African Study Centre, Leiden. Pp 303–311. Luke, W.R.Q. (1995). Rare Indigenous Trees and Shrubs, Appendix 3. In P. Wass (ed.), Kenya’s Indigenous Forests: Status, Management and Conservation. IUCN, Gland & Cambridge. Luke, W.R.Q. (2003). The Shimba Notes No. 4: The Current Status of the Reserve’s Plants. Newsletter No.8, Shimba Support Group (SSG), Mombasa. Luke, W.R.Q. & A.N.Githitho (2003). Biodiversity and the Kaya Forests. In J. Hoorweg. & N. Muthiga (eds.), Recent Advances in Coastal Ecology, Studies from Kenya. African Study Centre Research Report 70. Africa Study Centre, Leiden. Pp 293–301. Moomaw, J.C. (1960). A Study of the Plant Ecology of the Coast Region of Kenya, East Africa. Government Printer, Nairobi. Myers, N., R.A. Mittermeier, C.G. Mittermeier, G.A.B. da Fonseca & J.Kent (2000). Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities. Nature 403: 853–858. Oates, J.F. (1999). Myth and Reality in the Rain Forest. University of California Press. Berkeley & Los Angeles. Reuling, M., K. Mwathe, W.M. Litoroh & J. Poole (1992). A survey of the Shimba Hills Elephant Population. KWS/KIFCON/NMK, Nairobi. Unpublished Report. Robertson, S.A. (1987). Preliminary Floristic Survey of Kaya Forests of Coastal Kenya. Unpublished report to the Director, National Museums of Kenya & to WWF-I. NMK, Nairobi. Robertson, S.A. & W.R.Q. Luke (1993). Kenya Coastal Forests. WWF, Nairobi. Unpublished report. Schmidt, R. (1991). Ecology of a Tropical Lowland Rain Forest. Plant Communities, Soil Characteristics and Nutrient Relations of the Forests in the Shimba Hills National Reserve, Kenya. Dissertationes Botanicae 179. J.Cramer, Berlin & Stuttgart. Spear, T.T. (1978). The Kaya Complex. Kenya Literature Bureau, Nairobi. White, F. (1983). The Vegetation of Africa. A Descriptive Memoir to Accompany the UNESCO/AETFAT/UNSO Vegetation Map of Africa. Natural Resources Research XX, UNESCO, Paris. Checklist of the plants of the Shimba Hills, Kenya 15 ANNOTATED CHECKLIST BRYOPHYTA HEPATICAE Jubulaceae Frullania ericoides (Nees) Mont. Epiphytic, on bark. Frullania trinervis (Lehm et Lindenb.) Gottsche et al. Epiphytic, on bark. Pócs B 9553c Pócs B 9553f Lejeuneaceae Acrolejeunea emergens (Mitt.) Steph. Pócs B 9553a Cololejeunea auriculata (E.W.Jones) Schust. Faden RB & Evans sn Makadara Forest. Epiphyllous. Cololejeunea cardiocarpa (Nees et Mont.) Schust. Faden RB & Evans sn Makadara Forest. Epiphyllous. Cololejeunea obtusifolia (E.W.Jones) Tixier Faden RB & Evans sn Makadara Forest. Epiphyllous. Lejeunea grossecristata (Steph.) E.W.Jones. Faden RB & Evans sn Makadara Forest. Epiphyllous. Leptolejeunea epiphylla (Mitt.) Steph. Faden RB, Evans & Mahasi AS sn Makadara Forest, Epiphyllous. Leptolejeunea maculata (Mitt.) Schiffn. Faden RB & Evans sn Makadara Forest. Epiphyllous. Mastigolejeunea nigra Steph. Pócs B 9553b Epiphytic, on bark. Mastigolejeunea rhodesica (Vanden Berghen) E.W.Jones Rasmussen & Esbensen 24a Epiphytic, on bark. Microlejeunea africana Steph. Faden RB & Evans sn Makadara Forest. Epiphyllous. MUSCI Archidiaceae ?Archidium ohioense C.M. Golini. Second for Kenya? Calymperaceae Calymperes tenerum Müll.Hal. Epiphytic, on bark. Calymperes cf. afzelii Sw. Epiphytic, on bark. Hypnaceae Hypnum cupressiforme Hedw. Epiphytic and on soil. Robertson SA 4242 Pócs B 9553e Rasmussen & Esbensen 20a Rasmussen & Esbensen sn 16 Wijkiella kenyae Bizot & Lewinsky Epiphytic, on bark. Shimba endemic. Leucobryaceae Octoblepharum albidum Hedw. Shimba Hills Lodge. Q. Luke Rasmussen & Esbensen 23 Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 5167 PTERIDOPHYTA Adiantaceae Adiantum capillus-veneris L. Luke WRQ 3969 Chitsanze Sacred Grove Waterfall. Terrestrial, creeping rhizome, fronds tufted, 40 cm, pendant. Pan Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. First for coast K7. Adiantum comorense (Tardieu) Verdc. Luke WRQ 3600* Mwachemwana River. Terrestrial, rhizome, short, fronds tufted, 30 cm. Pan-African. Adiantum philippense Peter Luke WRQ 3147* (A. lunulatum Burm.f.) Mkongani area between KIFCON Transect 10, 11. Lithophytic, rhizome creeping, fronds tufted, 20 cm. Pan-Tropical. Rare in Kenya. First for Kenya. Pellaea doniana Hook. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2786A Mkongani North. Terrestrial/lithophytic, erect rhizome, tufted fronds 40 cm. Pan-African. Pellaea involuta (Sw.) Baker var. involuta Magogo FC & Glover PE 754 Marere. Terrestrial, creeping rhizome, tufted fronds 30 cm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Aspleniaceae Asplenium buettneri Hieron. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2743B Marere. Terrestrial, fronds closely spaced, 30 cm. Pan-African. Asplenium emarginatum P.Beauv. Luke WRQ 1645 Mwele Forest. Terrestrial, fronds tufted 40 cm, gemmiferous. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Asplenium sp nr nidus L. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2693 Kivumoni. Epi/lithophytic, fronds tufted, 1.5 m. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in a world sense. First for Kenya? Although Faden states that Kersten 26, said to have come from near Mombasa according to Kuhn, 1898, is this taxon. Blechnaceae Stenochlaena tenuifolia (Desv.) Moore Luke WRQ & Mbinda J 6278 KIFCON Transect 8. Climbing 3 m, fronds dimorphic, 60 cm, spaced. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Checklist of the plants of the Shimba Hills, Kenya 17 Davalliaceae Davallia denticulata (Burm.f.) Kuhn var. denticulata Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 6046 Mwaluganje FR. Epi/lithophytic, rhizome creeping, fronds 50 cm, often pendant. Pan-Tropical. Dennstaedtiaceae Lindsaea ensifolia Sw. Luke WRQ & PA 6254 Below Buffalo Ridge. Terrestrial, rhizome creeping, fronds spaced, 40 cm. Pan-Tropical. Rare in Kenya. First for Kenya. Microlepia speluncae (L.) Moore Luke WRQ & PA 8199 Mwele-Mdogo Forest. Terrestrial, rhizome creeping, fronds short spaced, 30 cm. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn Magogo FC & Glover PE 25 Giriama Point. Terrestrial, rhizome creeping, fronds spaced, 1.5 m. Pan-Tropical. Dryopteridaceae Tectaria puberula (Desv.) C.Chr. Sheldrick Falls. Terrestrial/lithophytic, fronds clumped, 40 cm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in a world sense. Faden RB 70/808 Hymenophyllaceae Trichomanes sp aff chevalieri H.Christ Faden RB 70/812 (Vandenboschia sp aff chevalieri (H.Christ) Kunkel) Sheldrick Falls. Epi/lithophytic, rhizome creeping, fronds palmately divided. Kenya Coast endemic? Rare in a world sense? Faden states differs from T. chevalieri in costa being proliferous. Microgonium erosum (Willd.) Copel. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2760 (Trichomanes erosum Willd.) Risley’s Ridge. Epi/lithophytic, rhizome creeping, mat forming, fronds 2 cm. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Lomariopsidaceae Bolbitis auriculata (Lam.) Alston Luke WRQ & PA 8194 Mwele Forest. Terrestrial, rhizome. creeping, fronds 50 cm, dimorphic. Pan-Tropical. Rare in Kenya. Oleandraceae Nephrolepis biserrata (Sw.) Schott Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2750 Risley’s Ridge. Terrestrial, rhizome erect, fronds tufted, 2 m. Pan-Tropical. Ophioglossaceae Ophioglossum latifolium (Prantl) J.E.Burrows (O. gomezianum A.Br. var. latifolium Prantl) Terrestrial, rhizome vertical, lamina ca. 2 cm. Pan-African. Rare in Kenya. Faden RB 70/439B 18 Q. Luke Ophioglossum lusoafricanum Prantl Faden RB 70/440* (O. lancifolium sensu Schelpe) Sheldrick Falls. Terrestrial, rhizome vertical, lamina 4 cm. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Ophioglossum reticulatum L. Magogo FC & Glover PE 896* Longomwagandi Forest. Terrestrial, rhizome vertical, lamina ca. 5 cm. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Parkeriaceae Ceratopteris thalictroides (L.) Brongn. Luke WRQ & PA 4577 Mwaluganje FR. Aquatic, fronds tufted, dimorphic, fleshy, 50 cm. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Polypodiaceae Microgramma lycopodioides (L.) Copel. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2799 Mkongani North. Epiphytic, rhizome creeping, fronds to 20 cm, simple. Pan-Tropical. Microsorum punctatum (L.) Copel. Faden RB 69/484 Longomwagandi Forest. Epi/lithophytic/terrestrial, rhizome creeping, fronds 1 m, entire. Pan-Tropical. Phymatosorus scolopendria (Burm.f.) Pic.Serm. Faden RB 69/488 (Phymatodes scolopendria (Burm.f.) Ching) Epi/lithophytic/terrestrial, rhizome. creeping, fronds spaced, 40 cm. Pan-Tropical. Platycerium elephantotis Schweinf. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2811 (P. angolense Hook.) Mkongani West. Epiphytic, fronds clumped, 50 cm, simple. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Pteridaceae Acrostichum aureum L. Magogo FC & Glover PE 625 Sheldrick Falls. Aquatic, fronds 2 m, pinnate. Pan-Tropical. Pteris atrovirens Willd. forma atrovirens Luke WRQ 2936* Mwele Forest. Terrestrial, rhizome creeping, fronds tufted 40 cm. Pan-African. Rare in Kenya. Pteris hamulosa (H.Christ) H.Christ Luke WRQ 2937 Mwele Forest. Terrestrial, rhizome erect, fronds tufted 1 m. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Schizaeaceae Lygodium microphyllum (Cav.) R.Br. Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 5146 Shimba Hills Lodge. Climbing 4 m, fronds spaced, 20 cm, usually riverine. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Checklist of the plants of the Shimba Hills, Kenya 19 Selaginellaceae Selaginella eublepharis A.Br. Wamukoya G K7-x936 Mwaluganje FR. Terrestrial, rhizome creeping, fronds spaced, 40 cm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic? Selaginella perpusilla Baker Faden RB 70/441 Sheldrick Falls. Terrestrial. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Thelypteridaceae Christella dentata (Forssk.) Brownsey & Jermy Faden RB 70/419 (Cyclosorus dentatus (Forssk.) Ching) Below Risley’s Ridge. Terrestrial, rhizome short creeping, fronds 1.2 m. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Christella hispidula (Decne.) Holttum Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2710 (Cyclosorus quadrangularis (Fée) Tardieu) Buffalo Ridge. Terrestrial, fronds clumped, 50 cm. Pan-Tropical. X Chrismatopteris holttumii N.Quansah & D.S.Edwards Faden RB 70/422B (C. shimbae of CFS) Mkurumudzi River. Terrestrial hybrid. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Cyclosorus interruptus (Willd.) H.Ito var. interruptus Luke WRQ & PA 4580 (C. tottus (Thunb.) Pic.Serm.) Mwalugange FR. Terrestrial, fronds clumped, 1.2 m. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Sphaerostephanos arbuscula (Willd.) Holttum ssp. africanus Holttum Faden RB 70/413 (Thelypteris arbuscula Iwats.) Terrestrial. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in Kenya. Vittariaceae Vittaria elongata Sw. Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 5168 Shimba Hills Lodge. Epi/lithophytic, rhizome creeping, fronds pendant, entire, 50 cm. Pan-Tropical. SPERMATOPHYTA GYMNOSPERMAE Zamiaceae Encephalartos hildebrandtii A.Braun & C.D.Bouché var. hildebrandtii Mwaluganje FR. Tree 2 m, leaflets spiny. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Luke WRQ & PA sr 20 Q. Luke ANGIOSPERMAE DICOTYLEDONES Annonaceae Annona senegalensis Pers. ssp. senegalensis Magogo FC & Glover PE 50 Near Giriama Point. Small tree 2 m, fruit like custard apple. Pan-African. Artabotrys modestus Diels ssp. macranthus Verdc. Luke WRQ 3104 Longomwagandi KIFCON Transect 5. Climber/liana 10 m, petals broad, fruit red. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. ?Artabotrys monteiroae Oliv. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA sr Mkongani West. Climber/liana 8 m, petals narrow. Pan-African? Rare in Kenya? Asteranthe asterias (S.Moore) Engl. & Diels ssp. asterias Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 524 Mkongani North. Shrub 2 m, leaves discolorous, flowers cream/maroon. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Isolona cauliflora Verdc. Luke WRQ 2930 Mwele Forest. Small tree 5 m, flowers often amongst leaf litter, fruit syncarp. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Lettowianthus stellatus Diels Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2768 Risley's Ridge. Small tree 6 m, flowers green/yellow, fruit purple, globose. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in Kenya. Vulnerable. Mkilua fragrans Verdc. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 230 Mwele Forest. Small tree 5 m, flowers very sweet smelling like Ylang-ylang. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Vulnerable. Monanthotaxis buchananii (Engl.) Verdc. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2743A Marere. Climber/liana 3 m, leaf discolorous, fruit usually 1-articled, adpressed pubescent. Pan-African. Monanthotaxis fornicata (Baill.) Verdc. Verdcourt B 3918 Kwale. Climber/liana 3 m, leaves discolorous, fruit often 2-articled, glabrous. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Monanthotaxis trichocarpa (Engl. & Diels) Verdc. Magogo FC & Glover PE 288 Kwale. Climber/liana 2 m, fruit 3-5 articled, spreading ferruginous pubescent. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Monodora grandidieri Baill. Kokwaro JO 3974 Godoni. Small tree 3 m, flowers often leafless, fruit syncarp. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Polyalthia stuhlmannii (Engl.) Verdc. Luke WRQ 903 Mwele-Mdogo. Small tree 5 m, fruits red, 1-seeded. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Maximum altitude? Polyceratocarpus ?sp nov Luke WRQ 1621 Mwele-Mdogo. Tree 12 m, leaves discolorous, fruit curved. Shimba endemic. Rare in a world sense. First fruit, second collection. Sphaerocoryne gracilis (Engl. & Diels) Verdc. ssp. Gracilis Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 5190 (Melodorum gracile (Engl. & Diels) Verdc.) Shimba Hills Lodge. Climber/liana 12 m, fruit crimson, monocarps 1-2 seeded. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Checklist of the plants of the Shimba Hills, Kenya 21 Uvaria acuminata Oliv. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 516 Mkongani North. Climber/liana 4 m, monocarps sessile. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Uvaria lucida Benth. ssp. lucida Robertson SA 4232 Golini. Climber/liana 3 m, veins not impressed, stipes ca. 1 cm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Uvaria sp aff lucida Benth. Luke WRQ sr Godoni. Climber/liana 2 m, veins impressed, monocarps sessile. Kenya Coast endemic? Rare in a world sense? New species? Uvaria welwitschii (Hiern) Engl. & Diels Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 536 Mkongani North. Climber/liana 8 m, stipes >3 cm. Pan-African. Uvariodendron kirkii Verdc. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 526 Mkongani North. Small tree 4 m, monocarps oblong. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Vulnerable. Uvariodendron schmidtii Q.Luke ined. Luke WRQ 2919 Longomwagandi. Tree 10 m, monocarps globose to ellipsoid. Shimba endemic. Rare in a world sense. First flower collection. Xylopia aethiopica (Dunal) A.Rich. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2709 Buffalo Ridge & Valley. Tree 12 m, leaves leathery, monocarps 15+. Pan-African. Rare in Kenya. Second for Kenya. Xylopia arenaria Engl. Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 6000 Mwalugange FR. Small tree 3 m, leaves hairy along margin. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Xylopia parviflora (A.Rich.) Benth. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2723 Longomwagandi Forest. Tree 20 m, monocarps ca. 10. Pan-African. Lauraceae Cassytha filiformis L. Near Giriama Point. Climber/liana 8 m, parasite. Pan-Tropical. Hernandiaceae Gyrocarpus americanus Jacq. ssp. americanus Mwaluganje FR. Tree 12 m, seeds 2-winged. Pan-Tropical. Magogo FC & Glover PE 46 Luke WRQ & PA sr Myristicaceae Cephalosphaera usambarensis (Warb.) Warb. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2704A Buffalo Ridge. Tree 20 m, trunk slim, straight, clean to ca. 15 m. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in Kenya. Vulnerable. First for Kenya. Ranunculaceae Clematis simensis Fresen. (C. sigensis Engl.) Mwele-Mdogo. Climber/liana 5 m, flowers white. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Luke WRQ 1625 22 Nymphaeaceae Nymphaea lotus L. Mwaluganje FR. Aquatic, flowers cream. Pan-Tropical. Nymphaea nouchali Burm.f. var. ?zanzibariensis (Casp.) Verdc. Below Makadara. Aquatic, flowers purple. Pan-African. Q. Luke Luke WRQ & PA sr Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2781 Menispermaceae Albertisia undulata (Hiern) Forman Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2744 (Epinetrum undulatum Hiern) Marere. Climber/liana 1 m, leaves oblong, apiculate, with wavy margin. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Anisocycla blepharosepala Diels ssp. tanzaniensis Vollesen Luke WRQ sr (Triclisia sp A of FTEA) Chitsanze Sacred Grove. Climber/liana 3 m, leaves heart shaped, glossy above. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Cissampelos nigrescens Diels Luke WRQ 3125 Mkongani area, KIFCON Transect 26. Climber/liana 1.5 m, leaves peltate, glossy above. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in Kenya. Cissampelos pareira L. var. hirsuta (DC.) Forman Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 6035 (C. pareira L. var. orbiculata (DC.) Miq.) Mwaluganje FR. Climber/liana 2 m, leaves subpeltate, pubescent. Pan-Tropical. Dioscoreophyllum volkensii Engl. var. volkensii Faden RB 69/489 Longomwagandi Forest. Climber/liana 3 m, leaves often lobed. Pan-African. Rare in Kenya? Jateorhiza palmata (Lam.) Miers Faden RB 70/430 Mkongani North. Climber/liana 8 m, leaves huge, ca. 40 cm, pentagonal. Pan-African. Tiliacora funifera (Miers) Oliv. Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 5169 Shimba Hills Lodge. Climber/liana 12 m, leaves ± stiff, petiole with pulvinus. Pan-African. Tinospora caffra (Miers) Troupin Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 5978 Mwaluganje Pipeline Road. Climber/liana 2 m, leaves ovate/cordate. Pan-African. Tinospora oblongifolia (Engl.) Troupin van Someren VGL Sh115 Makadara. Climber/liana 2 m, leaves oblong. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Triclisia sacleuxii (Pierre) Diels Mahasi AS EA14893 Sheldrick Falls. Climber/liana 8 m, leaves heart shaped, hairy below. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Aristolochiaceae Aristolochia albida Duch. Luke WRQ & PA 5734 Mwaluganje. Climber/liana 8 m, inflorescence with conspicuous bracts. Pan-African. Checklist of the plants of the Shimba Hills, Kenya 23 Piperaceae Piper betle L. Luke WRQ 1647 Mwele Forest. Climber/liana 8 m, leaves peppery used in “pan” with Areca nut. Pan-Tropical? Exotic naturalised. Capparaceae ?Boscia angustifolia A.Rich. Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje FR. Small tree 8 m, trunk pale, leaves ‘tufted’. Pan-African? Boscia coriacea Pax Robertson SA & Luke WRQ sr Mwaluganje FR. Small tree 3 m, leaves stiff, mucronate. Pan-African. Boscia salicifolia Oliv. Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 6036 Mwaluganje FR. Small tree 5 m, leaves usually narrowly elliptic. Pan-African. Boscia sp B of KTSL Luke WRQ et al. 6190 Mwalolo Loop. Small tree 5 m, leaves obovate. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Cadaba farinosa Forssk. ssp. adenotricha (Gilg & Gilg-Ben.) R.A.Graham Luke WRQ et al. 5411 Kaya Chombo. Shrub 2 m, twigs with stalked glands. Pan-African. Capparis erythrocarpos Isert var. rosea (Klotzsch) DeWolf Robertson SA & Luke WRQ sr Mwaluganje FR. Climber/liana 8 m, flowers solitary, fruit ribbed. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Capparis fascicularis DC. var. scheffleri (Gilg-Ben.) DeWolf Luke WRQ 3475 Godoni. Climber/liana 6 m, leaf apex obtuse, flowers axillary, fruit globose ca. 2 cm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Capparis sepiaria L. ssp. stuhlmannii (Gilg) DeWolf Magogo FC & Glover PE 684 Marere. Climber/liana 6 m, flowers terminal, fruit globose <15 cm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Capparis tomentosa Lam. Sangai GW EA15762 Longomwagandi Forest. Climber/liana 10 m, flowers terminal, fruit globose >15 cm. Pan-Tropical. Capparis viminea Oliv. var. viminea Luke WRQ & Robertson SA sr Kivumoni area. Climber/liana 8 m, leaf apex acuminate, flowers axillary, fruit globose. ca. 2 cm. Pan-African. Cladostemon kirkii (Oliv.) Pax & Gilg Dale IR 3795 Mwaluganje FR. Small tree 4 m, fruit globose, woody with thick stalk (like rungu!). Pan-African. Cleome briquettii Polhill Magogo FC & Glover PE 512 Mkongani. Herb 50 cm, stems glandular. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Cleome usambarica Pax Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 6020 Mwaluganje FR. Herb 40 cm, stems±glabrous. Pan-African. Maerua angolensis DC. Robertson SA 5075 Chitsanze Sacred Grove. Small tree 6 m, fruit ‘beaded’. Pan-African. 24 Q. Luke Maerua grantii Oliv. Dale IR 9264 Shimba Hills. Shrub 1 m, leaves trifoliate, leaflets narrow, glabrous, fruit globose. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Maerua holstii Pax Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje FR. Climber/liana 2 m, leaves trifoliate, leaflets rounded, hairy, fruit globose. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Maerua kirkii (Oliv.) F.White Luke WRQ 3330 Kaya Teleza. Shrub 3 m, leaves simple, stiff, fruit globose. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Maerua macrantha Gilg Magogo FC & Glover PE 689 Near Marere. Climber/liana 2 m, leaves simple, fleshy, fruit elongate knobbly. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Maerua triphylla A.Rich. var.? Luke WRQ & Robertson SA sr Godoni. Small tree 3 m, leaves simple or trifoliate, fruit ‘beaded’. Pan-African/Pan-Tropical. Ritchiea capparoides (Andr.) Britten Magogo FC & Glover PE 167 Longomwagandi Forest. Climber/liana 3 m, leaves trifoliate, fruit cylindrical, grooved. Pan-African. Thilachium africanum Lour. Luke WRQ & PA 5696 Mwaluganje. Shrub 2.5 m, leaves simple or trifoliate, fruit ellipsoid, ribbed. Pan-Tropical. Thilachium roseomaculatum Y.B.Harv. & Vollesen Luke WRQ 3970 Chitsanze Sacred Grove. Woody herb 20 cm, leaves simple, fruit cylindrical, indistinctly ribbed. Kwale District endemic. Rare in a world sense. Highest altitude. Violaceae Hybanthus enneaspermus (L.) F.Muell. var. diversifolius Grey-Wilson Graham RM 205 Near Kwale. Herb 30 cm, branched above. Kenya Coast endemic. Rare in a world sense. Hybanthus enneaspermus (L.) F.Muell. var. enneaspermus Magogo FC & Glover PE 730 Near Marere. Herb 30 cm, not branched or branched below. Pan-Tropical. Rinorea arborea (Thouars) Baill. Luke WRQ 875 Mwele-Mdogo. Small tree 5 m, leaves elliptic, obtuse, inflorescence terminal. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rinorea elliptica (Oliv.) Kuntze Luke WRQ et al. sr Mwalolo Loop. Small tree 3 m, inflorescence axillary >2 cm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rinorea ferruginea Engl. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2747 Marere. Shrub 2 m, leaves obovate, acuminate, inflorescence terminal. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rare in Kenya. Rinorea ilicifolia (Oliv.) Kuntze var. ilicifolia Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje FR. Shrub 2.5 m, leaf margin spiny. Pan-African. Rinorea sp nov Luke WRQ et al. 6184 Mwele Forest. Small tree 3 m, leaves with domatia, petals reflexed, fruit hairy. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic? Rare in a world sense. Referred to in FTEA (pg 24) as a hybrid between R. ferruginea and R. squamosa. Checklist of the plants of the Shimba Hills, Kenya 25 Rinorea sp nr beniensis Engl. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2758 (Rinorea sp nov C of Kew) Risley's Ridge. Shrub 2 m, inflorescence axillary <2.5 cm, petals not reflexed. Rare in a world sense. Polygalaceae Carpolobia goetzei Gürke Magogo FC & Glover PE 269 Longomwagandi area. Shrub 2 m, flowers white with purple tips to laterals. Pan-African. Polygala amboniensis Gürke Luke WRQ 3337 (P. liniflora sensu CFS) Kaya Teleza. Woody herb 40 cm, flowers yellow/pink in terminal spike. Pan-African. Polygala arenaria Willd. Luke WRQ 2453A Airstrip. Herb 20 cm, inflorescence dense globular, flowers pinkish cream. Pan-African. Rare in Kenya. Polygala kilimandjarica Chodat Luke WRQ 3156 Kidongo area, Towards KIFCON Transect 19, 20, 23. Woody herb scandent to 1.5 m, flowers purple/pink. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Polygala paniculata L. Magogo FC & Estes R 1231* Kwale. Herb 25 cm, flowers small whitish/pink. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Polygala sadebeckiana Gürke Magogo FC & Glover PE 996* Kwale-Mombasa. Woody herb 30 cm, green/white in short lateral racemes. Pan-African. Polygala sphenoptera Fresen. Magogo FC & Glover PE 298 Longomwagandi area. Woody herb 50 cm, flowers purplish in long lateral racemes. Pan-African. Polygala stenopetala Klotzsch Magogo FC & Glover PE 394 Longomwagandi. Woody herb 1 m, slender, flowers purple/white in terminal spike. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Securidaca longipedunculata Fresen. Magogo FC & Glover PE 169 Longomwagandi. Small tree 4 m, flowers violet, fruit winged. Pan-African. Crassulaceae Kalanchoe lateritia Engl. var. lateritia Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 6488 Godoni. Herb 60 cm, erect, glandular. Pan-African. Kalanchoe lateritia Engl. var. prostrata Raadts Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 6002 Mwaluganje FR. Herb 15 cm, prostrate, inflorescence glandular. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in a world sense? Kalanchoe obtusa Engl. Luke WRQ 3971 Chitsanze Sacred Grove. Herb 20 cm, erect ± glabrous. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Yellow form. 26 Caryophyllaceae Polycarpaea eriantha A.Rich. (P. eriantha A.Rich. var. effusa (Oliv.) Turrill) Longomwagandi. Herb 20 cm, inflorescence silvery. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast? Q. Luke Magogo FC & Estes R 1246 Molluginaceae Corbichonia decumbens (Forssk.) Exell Luke WRQ & PA 6019 Matuga–Bombo. Herb, trailing 60 cm, flowers pink. Pan-Tropical. Glinus oppositifolius (L.) A.DC. Robertson SA & Luke WRQ sr Mwaluganje FR. Herb, spreading, flowers pinkish white. Pan-Tropical. Portulacaceae Portulaca oleracea L. Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje. Herb 15 cm, succulent, flowers yellow. Pan-Tropical. Talinum portulacifolium (Forssk.) Schweinf. Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje FR. Herb 40 cm, succulent, flowers purple. Pan-African. Talinum tenuissimum Dinter Luke WRQ et al. 6195 (T. caffrum sensu CFS) Mwalolo Loop. Herb, succulent from discoid tuber, flowers yellow. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region? Rare on the Kenyan coast? Polygonaceae Oxygonum salicifolium Dammer Magogo FC & Glover PE 921 Marere. Herb 40 cm, flowers white. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Persicaria decipiens (R.Br.) K.L.Wilson Luke WRQ 3599 (Polygonum salicifolium Willd.) Mwachemwana River. Herb 60 cm, flowers pinkish white. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast? First Kwale District? Amaranthaceae Achyranthes aspera L. var. pubescens (Moq.) C.C.Towns. Brown ES 1412 Kwale. Woody herb 1 m, robust, flowers >5 mm. Pan-Tropical. Achyranthes aspera L. var. sicula L. Magogo FC & Glover PE 153 Longomwagandi area. Woody herb 1 m, leaves silvery canescent below, flowers <5 mm. Pan-Tropical. Aerva lanata (L.) Schult. Magogo FC & Glover PE 924 Near Marere. Woody herb 50 cm, erect or trailing, inflorescence dirty woolly white. Pan-Tropical. Alternanthera sessilis (L.) DC. Magogo FC & Glover PE 110 Near Longomwagandi. Herb 30 cm, inflorescence axillary, white. Pan-Tropical. Checklist of the plants of the Shimba Hills, Kenya 27 Amaranthus graecizans L. ssp. silvestris (Vill.) Brenan Luke WRQ & PA 5694 Mwaluganje. Herb 40 cm. Pan-Tropical. Celosia hastata Lopr. Magogo FC & Glover PE 914 Marume R. Woody herb 1.5 m, leaves hastate, inflorescence terminal white-brown. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Celosia schweinfurthiana Schinz Magogo FC & Glover PE 915 Tanga Road, Marume River. Woody herb 2 m, flowers in terminal spike, perianth segments not mucronate. Pan-African. Celosia trigyna L. McCraig MC 9170 Kwale. Herb 1 m, inflorescence axillary and terminal, perianth segments mucronate. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Cyathula prostrata (L.) Blume Luke WRQ 4714 Longomwagandi. Herb 20 cm, inflorescence reddish resembles a small Pupalia. Pan-Tropical. Rare in Kenya. First for Kenya. Cyathula sp nov aff braunii Schinz Luke WRQ et al. 3328 Kaya Teleza. Herb 40 cm, burr glochidiate. Shimba endemic. Rare in a world sense. Second collection. Differs from T8 C. braunii in bracts, indumentum and glochids. Gomphrena celosioides Mast. Robertson SA 3480 Matuga. Herb 20 cm ± prostrate, inflorescence silvery white. Pan-Tropical. Psilotrichum fallax C.C.Towns. Herbarium Techniques Course III 078 Longomwagandi. Herb 20 cm, tepals strongly 5-nerved. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in a world sense? Psilotrichum majus Peter Magogo FC & Glover PE 79 Longomwagandi. Woody herb 1 m, tepal nerves 7-9. Pan-African. Rare in Kenya. Psilotrichum scleranthum Thwaites Ross KS 142 Marere. Woody herb 1.2 m, tepal nerves obscure. Pan-Tropical. Psilotrichum sericeum (Roxb.) Dalziel Pakia M 113 Kaya Teleza. Weak woody herb 1 m, inflorescence an open panicle. Pan-Tropical. Pupalia lappacea (L.) A.Juss. var. argyrophylla C.C.Towns. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA sr Mkongani West. Woody herb 60 cm, young leaves silvery below, setae red, 5 mm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Pupalia lappacea (L.)A.Juss. var. velutina (Moq.) Hook.f. Luke WRQ 3327 Kaya Teleza. Woody herb 60 cm, young leaves thin pilose, setae straw coloured, 7 mm. Pan-Tropical. Oxalidaceae Biophytum umbraculum Welw. (B. petersianum Klotzsch) Longomwagandi area? Herb 15 cm, leaves sensitive. Pan-Tropical. Magogo FC & Glover PE 951 28 Q. Luke Oxalis barrelieri L. Robertson SA 3389 Matuga. Herb 20 cm, erect, branched, flowers pinkish. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. No K7 in FTEA. Oxalis corniculata L. var. corniculata Magogo FC & Glover PE 667 Kwale. Herb 20 cm, stems creeping, stipules present, flowers yellow. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Oxalis radicosa A.Rich. Magogo FC & Glover PE 496 Pengo. Herb 20 cm, stems ascending, no stipules, flowers yellow. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Balsaminaceae Impatiens walleriana Hook.f. Longomwagandi. Herb 70 cm, succulent, flowers pink. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Magogo FC & Glover PE 129 Lythraceae Ammannia prieuriana Guill. & Perr. Luke WRQ 3606 Mwachemwana River. Herb 30 cm, erect, flowers pink/purple. Pan-African. Lawsonia inermis L. Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje FR. Shrub or small tree 4 m, flowers dirty cream. Pan-Tropical. Henna from leaves. Nesaea radicans Guill. & Perr. var. radicans Luke WRQ 3315 Sheldrick Falls area. Herb 40 cm, stems decumbent, glabrous, flowers pink. Pan-African. Rare in Kenya? Onagraceae Ludwigia abyssinica A.Rich. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2756 Risley's Ridge. Woody herb 1.5 m, glabrous, petals 3.5 mm, seeds uniseriate. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. First Kwale District? Ludwigia jussiaeoides Desr. Magogo FC & Glover PE 655 Sheldrick Falls area. Woody herb 1.2 m, flowers yellow, petals >10 mm, seeds pluriseriate. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Ludwigia sp nr stolonifera (Guill. & Perr.) P.H.Raven Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2777 Risley's Ridge. Herb 30 cm in water, leaf veins up to 20 pairs, seeds uniseriate, free, pendulous, narrowly raphed. Rare in a world sense? Ludwigia stenorraphe (Brenan) Hara ? Luke WRQ &Robertson SA 2766 var. macrosepala (Brenan) P.H.Raven Risley's Ridge. Woody herb 50 cm, very hairy, veins 14 pairs, sepals > 10 mm, seeds pluriseriate. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Thymelaeaceae Synaptolepis alternifolia Oliv. Luke WRQ 3099 Longomwagandi KIFCON Transect 4. Climber/liana 3 m, leaves alternate, fruit terminal. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rare in Kenya. Checklist of the plants of the Shimba Hills, Kenya 29 Synaptolepis kirkii Oliv. Robertson SA 5070 Chitsanze Sacred Grove. Climber/liana 2 m, leaves strictly opposite, inflorescence axillary. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Nyctaginaceae Boerhavia erecta L. Magogo FC & Glover PE 725 Near Marere. Herb 50 cm, flower pink, anthocarp ribbed, truncate, glabrous. Pan-African. Dilleniaceae Tetracera boiviniana Baill. Magogo FC & Glover PE 10 Giriama Point. Shrub 2 m, leaves woolly under, flowers white, apricot smelling. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Tetracera litoralis Gilg Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 529 Mkongani North. Climber/liana 8 m, leaves not woolly. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. First Kwale District? Passifloraceae Adenia globosa Engl. ssp. globosa Graham RM 863 Kwale. Climber/liana 3 m, stems from huge tuberous trunk. Somalia/Masai endemic. Adenia gummifera (Harv.) Harms var. gummifera Luke WRQ 3108 Near Risley's, KIFCON Transect 8. Climber/liana 10 m, leaf entire or lobed, leaf base with 1 stalked gland. Pan-African. Adenia kirkii (Mast.) Engl. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA sr Godoni. Climber/liana 2 m, leaves digitately compound, base glands 2. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Adenia lindiensis Harms Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 5170 Shimba Hills Lodge. Climber/liana 2 m, leaf entire or lobed, leaf base with 2 glands, peltate. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in Kenya. Second for Kenya. Adenia rumicifolia Engl. Luke WRQ 3107 Near Risley's, KIFCON Transect 8. Climber/liana 4 m, stems angled, leaves ovate, anthers apiculate. Pan-African. Adenia sp nr panduriformis Engl. Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 6057 Mwaluganje FR. Climber/liana 3 m, stems triangular, leaves ovate, anthers not apiculate. Kenya Coast endemic, Rare in a world sense. Basananthe hanningtoniana (Mast.) De Wild. Magogo FC & Glover PE 852 Kivumoni. Climber/liana 2 m, leaves usually 3-lobed, petiole unwinged, petals present. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Basananthe lanceolata (Engl.) De Wild. Graham RM 2022 Kwale? Climber/liana 1 m, leaves usually unlobed, petiole winged, petals present. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Basananthe zanzibarica (Mast.) De Wild. Magogo FC & Glover PE 438 Longomwagandi. Climber/liana 2 m, leaves usually 3-lobed, petals absent. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. 30 Q. Luke Schlechterina mitostemmatoides Harms Magogo FC & Glover PE 218 Marere. Climber/liana 3 m, young/old leaves crazily dimorphic, flowers white. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Achariaceae Grandidiera boivinii Jaub. Magogo FC & Glover PE 628 Sheldrick Falls. Small tree 2 m, flowers white, fruit winged. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rawsonia lucida Harv. & Sond. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 217 Shimba Hills Lodge. Tree 10 m, flowers white, fruit yellow. Pan-African. Cucurbitaceae Coccinia grandis (L.) Voigt Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje FR. Climber/liana 8 m, old stems woody, dotted, male inflorescence few flowered. Pan-Tropical. Coccinia sp B of FTEA Magogo FC & Glover PE 493 Pengo. Climber/liana 1.5 m, stems herbaceous, male inflorescence many flowered. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in Kenya. Cucumis prophetarum L. ssp. dissectus (Naudin) C.Jeffrey Luke WRQ & PA 4574B Mwaluganje FR. Climber/liana 1 m, fruit with soft fleshy aculei. Pan-Tropical. Cucumis sacleuxii Paill. & Bois Luke WRQ & PA 5687 Mwaluganje. Climber/liana 1 m, fruit almost smooth. Pan-African. Cyclantheropsis parviflora (Cogn.) Harms Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje FR. Climber/liana 3 m, fruit a dry elliptic samaroid. Pan-African. Euriandra orientalis Q.Luke ined. Gray M & Luke WRQ 282 (Euriandra sp A of FTEA) Kaya Teleza. Climber/liana 4 m, leaves dark green, glossy, 3-5 lobed, male flowers pale orange with darker centre, 5 cm diameter, fruit green/white blotched, ellipsoid 11.5 x 4.5 cm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Kedrostis heterophylla A.Zimm. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2813 Mkongani West. Climber/liana 1.5 m, leaves scabrib and white punctate. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Momordica anigosantha Hook.f. Faden RB 70/822 Pengo SW. Climber/liana 3 m, leaves compound, fruit 5 cm with 8 rows conical fleshy tubercles. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Momordica boivinii Baill. Magogo FC & Glover PE 215 Marere Hill. Climber/liana 2 m, leaves simple, flowers orange on thin pedicels, fruit cylindrical 10 cm. Pan-African. Momordica calantha Gilg Magogo FC & Glover PE 306 Near Kwale. Climber/liana 3 m, leaves simple, 3-lobed, fruit 6 cm ellipsoid, velvety. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rare in Kenya. Checklist of the plants of the Shimba Hills, Kenya 31 Momordica leiocarpa Gilg Magogo FC & Estes R 1261 Longomwagandi. Climber/liana 3 m, leaves simple, fruit 7 cm, lime green, 8-ribbed. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in a world sense? Momordica peteri A.Zimm. Luke WRQ 1638 Mwele Mdogo. Climber/liana 8 m, leaf compound with glands, flowers in big bract, fruit 9 cm tuberculate. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Momordica sp aff minutiflora Hook.f. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2830 Godoni. Climber/liana 3 m, leaves grey/green, simple, felty, flowers white with black lines, fruit longitudinally ribbed. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in Kenya. Female. First for Kenya? Peponium vogelii (Hook.f.) Engl. Magogo FC & Estes R 1211 Kwale-Mombasa. Climber/liana 6 m, fruit densely hairy. Pan-Tropical. Zehneria pallidinervia (Harms) C.Jeffrey Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje FR. Climber trailing 2 m, leaves triang fleshy with white nerves. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Zehneria scabra (L.f.) Sond. Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje FR. Climber/liana 2 m, leaves subglabrous, fruit globose 10 mm. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Very different from inland form. Begoniaceae Begonia wakefieldii Gilg Mwele-Mdogo. Herb 30 cm, fragile, flowers pale pink. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rare in Kenya. Cactaceae Opuntia vulgaris Mill. Mwaluganje. Shrub 2 m. Pan-Tropical. Naturalised. Rhipsalis baccifera (J.Mill.) Stearn Sheldrick Falls. Epiphyte, hanging 40 cm. Pan-Tropical. Ochnaceae Brackenridgea zanguebarica Oliv. Golini. Small tree 5 m, flowers white. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Gomphia reticulata P.Beauv. (Ouratea reticulata (P.Beauv.) Engl.) Mwele Forest. Shrub 2 m, inflorescence branched. Pan-African. Rare in Kenya. Gomphia sacleuxii (Tiegh.) Verdc. (Ouratea sacleuxii (Tiegh.) Beentje) Longomwagandi. Shrub 1.5 m, inflorescence±unbranched. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in Kenya. Luke WRQ 1634 Luke WRQ & PA sr Magogo FC & Glover PE 633 Robertson SA 5071 Luke WRQ 1845 Luke WRQ et al. 4716 32 Q. Luke Ochna mossambicensis Klotzsch Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 531. Mkongani North. Shrub 2 m, leaf base cuneate, margin toothed. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Ochna thomasiana Engl. & Gilg Magogo FC & Glover PE 12 Giriama Point. Shrub 2 m, leaf base cordate, margin spinulose, with setae at base. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Ancistrocladaceae Ancistrocladus robertsoniorum J.Léonard Mwele Forest. Climber/liana 8 m, young leaves red, old to 51 cm. Kenya Coast endemic. Rare in a world sense. Second locality. Luke WRQ 1641 Myrtaceae Eugenia capensis (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Sond. ssp. multiflora Verdc. Pakia M 968 Near Njembe River. Shrub 2 m, leaves elliptic, usually broader than 2 cm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Eugenia tanaensis Verdc. Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje FR. Shrub 1.5 m, leaves narrowly oblong, usually <1.5 cm wide. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Syzygium cordatum Krauss ssp. shimbaensis Verdc. Luke WRQ & PA 5735 Near Kwale. Tree 10 m, leaves cordate, inflorescence dense. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Syzygium cuminii (L.) Skeels Magogo FC & Glover PE 859 Forest Department. Tree 15 m. Pan-Tropical. Naturalised. Syzygium guineense (Willd.) DC. Luke WRQ &Robertson SA 2683 ssp. afromontanum F.White Mwele Mdogo. Tree 12 m, leaves very acuminate, fruit black. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Syzygium guineense (Willd.) DC. ?ssp. nov Luke WRQ & PA 4511 Mwaluganje FR. Tree 10 m, fruit yellow when ripe. Kenya Coast endemic? Rare in a world sense? All ssp. in FTEA noted as having purple or black fruits. Lecythidaceae Barringtonia racemosa (L.) Spreng. Marere. Small tree 8 m, usually riverine. Pan-Tropical. Magogo FC & Glover PE 891 Melastomataceae Clidemia hirta (L.) D.Don Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2712 Buffalo Ridge. Shrub 1.2 m, flowers white, fruit blue. Pan-Tropical. Rare in Kenya. Alien invasive, naturalised. Dissotis rotundifolia (Sm.) Triana Magogo FC & Glover PE 112 (Heterotis rotundifolia (Sm.) Jacq.-Fél.) Longomwagandi. Woody herb 40 cm, flowers pink. Pan-African. Checklist of the plants of the Shimba Hills, Kenya 33 Memecylon erythranthum Gilg vel sp aff Luke WRQ et al. 6185 Mwele Forest. Small tree 3 m, cauliflorous, flowers pink, fruit red. Rare in Kenya. First for Kenya. Memecylon fragrans A.Fern. & R.Fern. Robertson SA & Luke WRQ sr Mwaluganje FR. Shrub 1.5 m, leaves stiff, veins not visible, inflorescence many flowered. Kenya Coast endemic. Memecylon verruculosum Brenan Luke WRQ 2939 Mwele Forest. Shrub 1.5 m, leaves papery, veins hardly visible, inflorescence few flowered. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in Kenya. Tristemma mauritianum J.F.Gmel. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2715 Buffalo Ridge. Shrub 1.5 m, flowers purple. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Warneckea amaniensis Gilg Stone RD & Luke WRQ 2415 (Memecylon amaniense (Gilg) A.Fern & R.Fern. var. amaniense) Longomwagandi. Shrub 1.5 m, leaves >10 cm, base cordate sess, fruit blue sessile. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in Kenya? Warneckea hedbergorum Borhidi Stone RD & Luke WRQ 2416 (Memecylon amaniense (Gilg) A.Fern. & R.Fern. var. A of KTSL) Longomwagandi. Shrub 1.2 m, leaves <10 cm, base cordate, fruit reddish. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic? Det RD Stone. Warneckea melindense (A.Fern. & R.Fern.) R.D.Stone comb nov ined Luke WRQ 4574A (Memecylon sansibaricum Taub. pro parte) Mwaluganje FR. Shrub 2 m, leaves <4 cm, veins visible. Kenya Coast endemic? Rare in a world sense? First Kwale District? Warneckea mouririifolia (Brenan) Borhidi Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2805 (Memecylon mouririifolium Brenan) Mkongani West. Shrub 1.5 m, leaf base subcordate, veins visible, flowers white. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Warneckea sansibarica (Taub.) Jacq.-Fél. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2783 (Memecylon sansibaricum Taub. pro parte) Mkongani North. Tree 10 m, leaf base cuneate, veins visible, flowers electric blue. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Combretaceae Combretum apiculatum Sond. ssp. apiculatum Luke WRQ 3471 Kaya Teleza. Small tree 8 m, leaves ± glabrous, apiculate, fruit red, 4-winged <3.5 cm. Pan-African. First Kwale District? Combretum butyrosum (G.Bertol.) Tul. Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje FR. Climber/liana 5 m, leaf midrib hairy under, flowers yellow, fruit narrow 4-winged. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Combretum chionanthoides Engl. & Diels Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje FR. Climber/liana 3 m, very scalely, flowers yellow, fruit obovate, 4-winged, 4 cm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. 34 Q. Luke Combretum falcatum (Hiern) Jongkind Luke WRQ 894 (Quisqualis littorea (Engl.) Exell) Mwele Mdogo. Climber/liana 7 m, leaves occassionally white with scales, flowers yellow, 2.5 cm, fruit 5-winged. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Combretum hereroense Schinz Spjut RW 4657 (maybe 4557) ssp. volkensii (Engl.) Wickens ?var. parvifolium (Engl.) Wickens Kwale Forest Station W. Small tree 2.5 m, leaves pubescent, scales not contiguous, fruit 4-winged, to 2.5 cm. Somalia/Masai endemic. Combretum holstii Engl. Robertson SA 5084 Chitsanze Sacred Grove. Climber/liana 5 m, flowers 12 mm, pinkish, fruit 5-winged, 3.5 cm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rare in Kenya. Combretum illairii Engl. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA sr Marere West. Climber/liana 4 m, flowers cream, fruit 4-angled, 2.5 cm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Combretum molle G.Don Shimba Hills Survey Unit 30 Shimba Hills. Small tree 8 m, leaves felty, fruit yellowish, fruit 4-winged, 2 cm. Pan-Tropical. Combretum padoides Engl. & Diels Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2718 Buffalo Ridge. Climber/liana 12 m, flowers pale, fruit 4-winged usually <2 cm. Pan-African. Combretum paniculatum Vent. Graham RM 1694 Makadara. Climber/liana 15 m, flowers scarlet, fruit 4-5 winged, 4 cm. Pan-African. Combretum schumannii Engl. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA sr Godoni. Tree 15 m, trunk mottled, flowers yellow, fruit 4-winged 3.5 cm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Threatened by carving. Combretum sp nov aff apiculatum Sond. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2686 Mwele-Mdogo. Climber/liana 20 m, young leaves glutinous, inflorescence axis ca. 3.5 cm, flowers pale yellow, precocious, petals 1 mm, fruit 4-winged, obovate 2.5 cm. Kenya Coast endemic, Rare in a world sense. Combretum umbricola Engl. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2717 Buffalo Ridge. Climber/liana 10 m, leaf shiny above, midrib under flattened, flowers white, sweet smelling, fruit 4-winged, 2.8 cm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rare in Kenya. First for Kenya. Pteleopsis myrtifolia (Lawson) Engl. & Diels Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2822 Lukore 2 km SW. Small tree 5 m, fruit 2-3 winged. Pan-African. Rare in Kenya. Pteleopsis tetraptera Wickens Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2796 Mkongani North. Tree 10 m, fruit usually 4-winged. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Terminalia boivinii Tul. Robertson SA & Luke WRQ sr Mwaluganje FR. Small tree 4 m, fruit ellipsoid, unwinged. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Terminalia prunioides Lawson Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje FR. Small tree 8 m, leaves tufted, fruit purple/red, 6 cm. Pan-African. Checklist of the plants of the Shimba Hills, Kenya 35 Terminalia sambesiaca Engl. & Diels Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 537 Mkongani North. Tree 25 m, leaves spiral, fruit reddish brown to 9 cm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Terminalia spinosa Engl. Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje FR. Tree 10 m, leaves tufted, spines present, fruit reddish 3 cm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rhizophoraceae Cassipourea euryoides Alston Ross KS 203 Marere. Small tree 8 m, leaf slight toothed, flowers cream/green, fruit 5 mm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Guttiferae (Clusiaceae) Garcinia buchananii Baker Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 1642 Mwele. Tree 15 m, leaves opposite, flowers cream with orange, 4-merous. Pan-African. Garcinia livingstonei T.Anderson Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje FR. Tree 10 m, leaves in 3’s, flowers cream. Pan-African. Garcinia volkensii Engl. Luke WRQ 3973 Mwele-Mdogo. Small tree 5 m, leaves opposite, flowers 5-merous. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Harungana madagascariensis Poir. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 222 Road to Mwele. Tree 10 m, leaves rusty, sap red, flowers white, fruit 4 mm. Pan-Tropical. Psorospermum febrifugum Spach Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 225 var. ferrugineum (Hook.f.) Keay & Milne-Redh. Road to Mwele. Small tree 3 m, bark very corky, leaves rusty, fruit red 10 mm. Pan-African. Rare in Kenya. Vismia orientalis Engl. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 519 Mkongani North. Small tree 8 m, leaves with black glands, fruit white spotted pink, 8 mm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Tiliaceae Christiana africana DC. Luke WRQ 900 Mwele-Mdogo. Tree 10 m, leaves to 40 cm, fruit brown follicles 1 cm, splitting. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rare in Kenya. Second for Kenya. Corchorus aestuans L. Drummond RB & Hemsley JH 1089 Kwale Chasimba forest. Woody herb 40 cm, caps 25 mm, apex 3-horned, sides ‘winged’. Pan-Tropical. Corchorus olitorius L. Magogo FC & Glover PE 1054 Vuga to Tiwi. Woody herb 50 cm, caps to 80 x 5 mm, beaked, 5 valved. Pan-African. Corchorus trilocularis L. Magogo FC & Glover PE 869 Near Marere. Woody herb 40 cm, caps to 65 x 2.5 mm, erect, 3-valved. Pan-Tropical. Specimen not seen. 36 Q. Luke Grewia calymmatosepala K.Schum. Luke WRQ 1636 Mwele-Mdogo. Climber/liana 10 m, flowers white, fruit dangling, unlobed, 3 cm, red. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Grewia capitellata Bojer Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2716 (G. ectasicarpa S.Moore) Buffalo Ridge. Climber/liana 3 m, flowers white, sepals 15, petals 6 mm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Grewia densa K.Schum. Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje FR. Small tree 8 m, flowers yellow, sepals 8 mm, petals 4 mm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Grewia forbesii Mast. Robertson SA 4237 Golini. Climber/liana 5 m, stem angled, leaves scabrous, sepals 20 mm, petals 12 mm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Grewia holstii Burret Drummond RB & Hemsley JH 3962 Mwele Mdogo. Climber/liana 3 m, stem angled, leaf not scabrous, sepals 10 mm, petal 7 mm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. ?Grewia micrantha Bojer Magogo FC & Glover PE 834 Kwale DC. Small tree 5 m, leaves discolorous, flowers yellow, sepals 11 mm, petals 7 mm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region? Rare in Kenya. Specimen not found. Doubtfully distinct from G. plagiophylla. Grewia pedunculata K.Schum. Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 6030 Mwaluganje FR. Climber/liana 6 m, leaves ± obovate, flowers white, sepals 11 mm, petals 6 mm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Grewia plagiophylla K.Schum. Robertson SA 4233 Golini. Tree 10 m, leaves discolorous, flowers yellow, sepals 9 mm, petals 6 mm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Grewia stuhlmannii K.Schum. Greenway PJ in EAH 12202 Old Mombasa pipeline. Climber/liana 9 m, flowers white, sepals 21 mm, petals 11 mm, fruit with persistent filaments. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Grewia villosa Willd. Robertson SA & Luke WRQ sr Mwaluganje FR. Shrub 2 m, leaves round, flowers flesh colour, fruit unlobed, warty. Pan-Tropical. Triumfetta annua L. forma piligera Sprague & Hutch. Spjut RW 2735 Mwele-Mdogo. Herb 30 cm, fruit dehiscent >10 mm, fruit bristles hooked. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Triumfetta rhomboidea Jacq. Magogo FC & Glover PE 455 Longomwagandi. Woody herb 70 cm, fruit indehiscent, <10 mm. Pan-Tropical. Triumfetta tomentosa Bojer Magogo FC & Estes R 1191 Longomwagandi. Shrub 1.5 m, fruit dehiscent, >10 mm, fruit bristles not hooked. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Sterculiaceae Byttneria fruticosa Engl. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2706* Buffalo Ridge. Small tree 5 m, flowers white turning pink, fruit spikey. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Maximum altitude? Checklist of the plants of the Shimba Hills, Kenya 37 Cola clavata Mast. Luke WRQ sr Godoni. Tree 12 m, petioles >2 cm, flowers yellow, fruit clavate, yellow. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Cola minor Brenan Luke WRQ & PA 4500 Mwaluganje FR. Small tree 8 m, some petioles <1 cm, fruit ferruginous hairy. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. ?Cola octoloboides Brenan Luke WRQ & Robertson SA sr Mkongani West. Small tree 2 m. Kenya Coast endemic? Rare in a world sense? Endangered. Cola porphyrantha Brenan Luke WRQ et al. 4604C Longomwagandi. Tree 10 m, flowers red on trunk, fruits red. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in a world sense. Endangered. Recently found in E. Usambaras. Cola uloloma Brenan Luke WRQ 2934 Mwele Forest. Small tree 8 m, petioles <5 mm, flowers cream. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Dombeya taylori Baker f. Gray M & Luke WRQ 273 Kaya Teleza. Small tree 5 m, flowers white. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Hermannia exappendiculata (Mast.) K.Schum. Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje FR. Woody herb 50 cm, flowers bright yellow. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Leptonychia usambarensis K.Schum. Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 4605 Longomwagandi. Small tree 5 m, flowers white, fruit brown dehiscent, seeds black with red aril. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rare in Kenya. Melochia corchorifolia L. Magogo FC & Glover PE 160 Longomwagandi area. Woody herb 50 cm, flowers white. Pan-African. Nesogordonia holtzii (Engl.) L.C.Barnett & Dorr Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 5150 Shimba Hills Lodge. Tree 15 m, flowers cream, capsule woody campanulate, dehiscent. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Sterculia appendiculata K.Schum. Mulwa PCW 60 Shimba Forest. Tree 30 m, trunk smooth yellow, leaves 7-lobed >15 cm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Sterculia rhynchocarpa K.Schum. Wamukoya K7-x62a Mkongani North. Small tree 8 m, trunk blotchy grey/red, leaves 3-5 lobed, <10 cm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Sterculia schliebenii Mildbr. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 534 Mkongani North. Tree 10 m, bark brown, leaves tufted, unlobed, obovate. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Vulnerable. Waltheria indica L. Magogo FC & Glover PE 31 Pengo. Woody herb 1 m, flowers yellow. Pan-Tropical. Bombacaceae Adansonia digitata L. Mwaluganje FR. Tree 15 m. Pan-African. Luke WRQ & PA sr 38 Bombax rhodognaphalon K.Schum. var. rhodognaphalon Kwale. Tree 25 m, trunk grey/green, seed floss brown. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Q. Luke Magogo FC & Glover PE 675 Malvaceae Abutilon zanzibaricum Mast. Magogo FC & Glover PE 302 Near Kwale. Woody herb 1.2 m, flowers yellow, fruits black. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Specimen not seen. Gossypioides kirkii (Mast.) J.B.Hutch. Luke WRQ sr Mwele-Mdogo. Climber/liana 3 m, flowers yellow with purple centre, seeds with woolly floss. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Hibiscus altissimus Hornby Luke WRQ & Robertson SA sr Longomwagandi. Climber/liana 8 m, stems & leaves prickly, flowers yellow with maroon centre. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region? Hibiscus articulatus Hochst. Magogo FC & Glover PE 986 Near Kwale. Woody herb 30 cm, flowers yellow. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Hibiscus cannabinus L. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA sr Mkongani West. Woody herb 1.5 m, stem prickly, flowers with purple/yellow or rich purple. Pan-African. Hibiscus faulknerae Vollesen Magogo FC & Glover PE 1036 Mkongani. Shrub 2 m, leaves discolorous, flowers yellow with dark centre. Pan-African. Hibiscus hildebrandtii Sprague & Hutch. Graham RM 611 Kwale. Woody herb 1.5 m, flowers scarlet. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Hibiscus micranthus L.f. Greenway PJ 10849 Mombasa-Tanga (1000 ft alt). Woody herb 1.2 m, flowers small, white turning pinkish. Pan-Tropical. Hibiscus physaloides Guill. & Perr. Luke WRQ et al. 4730 Mwele-Mdogo. Woody herb 1 m, flowers dirty yellow with darker centre. Pan-Tropical. Rare in Kenya? Hibiscus schizopetalus Hook.f. Luke WRQ & PA 4578 Mwaluganje FR. Shrub 2.5 m, flowers red/white “chinese lantern”. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in Kenya. Hibiscus surattensis L. Luke WRQ 1627 Mwele-Mdogo. Woody herb 1.5 m, prickly, flowers yellow with maroon centre. Pan-Tropical. Pavonia leptocalyx (Sond.) Ulbr. Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 5186 Shimba Hills Lodge. Woody herb 40 cm, flowers white. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Sida acuta Burm.f. Magogo FC & Glover PE 660 Kwale. Woody herb 50 cm, leaves lanceolate/acute, flowers pale yellow. Pan-Tropical. Sida cordifolia L. Magogo FC & Glover PE 508 Pengo. Woody herb 60 cm, leaves cordate, flowers pale yellow. Pan-Tropical. Checklist of the plants of the Shimba Hills, Kenya 39 Sida ovata Forssk. Luke WRQ et al. 5706 Mwaluganje. Woody herb 50 cm, leaves grey/green, ovate, flowers yellow. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Sida rhombifolia L. var. afrorhomboidea Verdc. Robertson SA 3429 Matuga. Woody herb 1.5 m, leaves discolorous, rhombic, flowers yellow. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Sida serratifolia Wilczek & Steyaert Robertson SA 3439 Matuga. Woody herb 1 m, leaves discolorous, lanceolate, flowers yellow. Pan-African. Rare in Kenya? Thespesia danis Oliv. Magogo FC & Glover PE 700 Marere. Small tree 2 m, flowers yellow with dark centre, fruit round, indehiscent. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Urena lobata L. Pakia M et al. 960 Mukurumudzi River. Woody herb 1 m, flowers pink, fruit ornaments glochidiate. Pan-African? Rare on the Kenyan coast. First Kwale District. Malpighiaceae Acridocarpus alopecurus Sprague var. alopecurus Luke WRQ et al. 4604F Mwaluganje. Climber/liana 3 m, inflorescence axis short, swollen, with green glands, flowers yellow. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Acridocarpus zanzibaricus (Loudon) A.Juss. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA sr Mkongani West. Climber/liana 1 m, inflorescence axis elongated, no glands, flowers yellow, fruit winged. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Triaspis mozambica A.Juss. Robertson SA & Polhill R 6866 Shimba Hills Lodge. Climber/liana 4 m, flowers cream/green. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Erythroxylaceae Erythroxylum emarginatum Thonn. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA sr Kivumoni area. Small tree 3 m, branchlets flattened, petals white <7 mm, fruit red. Pan-African. Nectaropetalum kaessneri Engl. var. kaessneri Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje FR. Small tree 4 m, leaves discolorous, petals white >12 mm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Linaceae Hugonia castaneifolia Engl. Magogo FC & Glover PE 37 Turnoff to Giriama Point. Climber/liana 3 m, spiral climbing hooks, flowers yellow, fruit yellow. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Euphorbiaceae Acalypha echinus Pax & K.Hoffm. Pakia M et al. 988 Mwaluganje Elephant Sanctuary. Shrub 3 m, ♀ flowers above ♂ same inflorescence, ♀ stalked. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. 40 Q. Luke Acalypha engleri Pax Magogo FC & Glover PE 140 Pengo. Shrub 1.5 m, ♀ flowers above ♂ same inflorescence, ♀ sessile. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Acalypha fruticosa Forssk. var. fruticosa Robertson SA & Luke WRQ sr Mwaluganje FR. Shrub 1.2 m, leaves ovate, glandular, ♀ flowers below ♂ same inflorescence. Pan-Tropical. Acalypha lanceolata Willd. var. glandulosa (Muell.Arg.) A.R.-Sm. Luke WRQ & PA 4510 Mwaluganje FR. Woody herb 75 mm, ♀ flowers below ♂ same inflorescence, bracts glandular. Pan-Tropical. Acalypha neptunica Muell.Arg. var. neptunica Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2698 Kivumoni. Shrub 1.2 m, leaves obovate, glabrous, ♀ flowers below ♂ same inflorescence. Pan-African. Acalypha neptunica Muell.Arg. var. pubescens (Pax) Hutch. Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje FR. Shrub 1.2 m, leaves obovate, pubescent, ♀ flowers below ♂ same inflorescence. Pan-African. Acalypha ornata A.Rich. Magogo FC & Glover PE 485A Pengo. Shrub 1.2 m, ♀ & ♂ flowers on separate inflorescence, ♀ in terminal spike. Pan-African. Acalypha racemosa Baill. Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 5159 Shimba Hills Lodge. Shrub 1 m, ♀ & ♂ flowers on separate inflorescence, ♀ in terminal panicle. Pan-Tropical. Alchornea laxiflora (Benth.) Pax & K.Hoffm. Magogo FC & Glover PE 72 Longomwagandi. Shrub 2.5 m, 2 stipels on leaf base. Pan-African. Antidesma venosum Tul. Luke WRQ & PA 238 Mwele Mdogo Road. Small tree 4 m, leaves ± rounded, glabrescent to densely hairy. Pan-African. Antidesma vogelianum Muell.Arg. Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 5160 (incl. A. membranaceum Muell.Arg.) Shimba Hills Lodge. Small tree 6 m, leaves acuminate, glabrescent. Pan-African. In FTEA Radcliffe-Smith cites specimens for 3 distinct species from Shimba Hills. I can recognise possibly 2, but not 3. Argomuellera mjikendae Q.Luke sp nov ined Luke WRQ et al. 5702 (Argomuellera sp nov of KTSL) Mwaluganje. Shrub 50 cm, ♂ flowers cream, stamens 60+from orange disc, fruit trilobed 8 mm, reddish green. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in a world sense. Aristogeitonia monophylla Airy Shaw Robertson SA & Luke WRQ sr Mwaluganje FR. Tree 10 m, 2 stipular ‘horns’ on petiole, flowers yellowish. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Vulnerable. Bridelia atroviridis Muell.Arg. Drummond RB & Hemsley JH 4025 Mwasangombe Forest. Tree 10 m, leaf subglabrous, apex acuminate. Pan-African. Rare in Kenya. Bridelia cathartica G.Bertol. Gray M & Luke WRQ 342 Kaya Teleza. Small tree 2 m, leaves obovate, apex ± round, tertiary veins prominent. Pan-African. Checklist of the plants of the Shimba Hills, Kenya 41 Bridelia micrantha (Hochst.) Baill. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 228 Road to Mwele. Small tree 8 m, leaves elliptic, puberulous, apex obtuse. Pan-African. Caperonia fistulosa Beille Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2815 Mkongani West. Herb 50 cm, flowers white. Pan-African. Cavacoa aurea (Cavaco) J.Léonard Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2697 Kivumoni. Small tree 5 m, flowers yellow in 5 cm terminal racemes. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Cleistanthus schlechteri (Pax) Hutch. var. schlechteri Graham RM 1652 Kwale? Tree 10 m, old leaves red, fruit glabrous. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rare in Kenya. Cleistanthus beentjei Q.Luke ined. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2684 (C. sp nov aff michelsonii sensu CFS) Mwele-Mdogo. Tree 12 m, bark brown, branches pendant, leaves ovate, acuminate, inflorescence terminal raceme to 10 cm, flowers white with anthers on androphore, white turning black. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic (collection from T8). Rare in a world sense. First flowers. Clutia abyssinica Jaub. & Spach Cunningham-van Someren GR Sh 84 var. usambarica Pax & K.Hoffm. Makadara. Woody herb 1.2 m, stems hairy, old leaves orange. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Croton persicaria Baill. Luke WRQ et al. 4333 (C. bonplandianus Baill.) Pemba River. Woody herb 50 cm, ♀ flowers below ♂ in terminal raceme, fruit 6 mm. Pan-Tropical. Rare in Kenya. Croton pseudopulchellus Pax Ross KS 133 Mwaluganje FR. Small tree 2 m, leaves silvery below, glabrous above, fruit 6 mm. Pan-African. Croton sylvaticus Hochst. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 515 Mkongani North. Tree 15 m, leaves ± glabrous, fruit orange in terminal racemes, 11 mm. Pan-African. Dalechampia scandens L. var. cordofana (Webb) Muell.Arg. Magogo FC & Glover PE 864 Marere. Climber/liana 2 m, leaves 3-5 lobed, lobes toothed, inflorescence between 2 bracts. Pan-Tropical. Dalechampia scandens L. var. hildebrandtii (Pax) Pax Gray M & Luke WRQ 270 Kaya Teleza. Climber/liana 2 m, leaves 3 lobed, lobes untoothed. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Dalechampia trifoliata Verdc. & Greenway Graham RM 1904 Kwale. Herb trailing 40 cm, leaves trifoliolate. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Drypetes natalensis (Harv.) Hutch. var. leiogyna Brenan Magogo FC & Glover PE 286 Longomwagandi. Tree 10 m, flowers cauli/ramiflorous, pedicels <1 cm, fruit orange. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Drypetes parvifolia (Muell.Arg.) Pax & K.Hoffm. Luke WRQ sr Godoni. Small tree 5 m, leaves ca. 5 cm, asymmetric, flowers axillary. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. 42 Q. Luke Drypetes reticulata Pax Luke WRQ & Robertson SA sr Mkongani West. Tree 10 m, leaves ca. 10 cm, symmetric, flowers axillary. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Drypetes usambarica (Pax) Hutch. var. mrimae A.R.-Sm. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 523 Mkongani North. Tree 20 m, flowers cauliflorous, pedicels >2 cm, fruits glabrous. Kenya Coast endemic. Drypetes usambarica (Pax) Hutch. var. trichogyna A.R.-Sm. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 250 Mwele-Mdogo. Tree 15 m, flowers cauliflorous, pedicels >2 cm, fruit pubescent. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in Kenya. First for Kenya? Confusion exists over the distinction between this variety and D. natalensis ssp. natalensis; see Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2643 from Kaya Jibana. Erythrococca kirkii (Muell.Arg.) Prain Magogo FC & Glover PE 219 Marere Hill. Shrub 1.5 m, glabrous, flowers in clusters, peduncle <5 mm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Erythrococca pentagyna A.R.-Sm. Luke WRQ 3136 (Erythrococca sp C of FTEA) Mkongani area, near Transect 25, 26. Weak shrub 1 m, leaves pubescent, flowers in bisexual racemes. Kenya Coast endemic. Erythrococca pubescens A.R.-Sm. Luke WRQ et al. 6191 Mwalolo Loop. Shrub 1.5 m, young stems dense pubescent, flower cluster peduncle >5 mm. Kenya Coast endemic. Erythrococca usambarica Prain Luke WRQ 872 Mwele-Mdogo. Shrub 1.5 m, ± glabrous, flowers in lax racemes. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in Kenya. Euphorbia candelabrum Kotschy Luke WRQ & Robertson SA sr Marere to Makadara. Tree 12 m, succulent, mostly 4-angled. Pan-African. Euphorbia heterochroma Pax ssp. tsavoensis S.Carter Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje FR. Shrub 1 m, succulent, 4-angled, flowers cyathia red. Somalia/Masai endemic, Rare on the Kenyan coast. Euphorbia heterophylla L. Magogo FC & Glover PE 984 (E. geniculata Orteg.) Herb 40 cm, glabrous, leaves ovate to 12 cm. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Naturalised. Euphorbia hirta L. Magogo FC & Glover PE 724 Marere. Herb 20 cm, pilose, leaves ovate to 4 cm. Pan-Tropical. Euphorbia nyikae Pax var. neovolkensii (Pax) S.Carter Luke WRQ et al. 4331 Marere. Tree 10 m, succulent, branches 2-4 winged. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Euphorbia tirucalli L. Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje FR. Small tree 4 m, succulent, branches cylindrical. Pan-Tropical. Euphorbia wakefieldii N.E.Br. Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 4536B Golini. Small tree 5 m, succulent, 3-4 angled. Kenya Coast endemic? Endangered. Although treated as a Kenyan coast endemic in FTEA, a specimen from Kimboza FR, T6, appears to be this species. Checklist of the plants of the Shimba Hills, Kenya 43 Flueggea virosa (Willd.) Voigt ssp. virosa Magogo FC & Glover PE 295 Kwale Forest. Shrub 2 m, fruit white. Pan-Tropical. Macaranga capensis (Baill.) Sim Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2759 Risley's Ridge. Tree 10 m, leaves peltate, fruit globose ca. 5 mm. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Mallotus oppositifolius (Geiseler) Muell.Arg. Magogo FC & Glover PE 220 var. oppositifolius forma glabratus (Muell.Arg.) Pax Marere Hill. Shrub 1.5 m, flowers cream/green, fruit subglobose. Pan-Tropical? Margaritaria discoidea (Baill.) Webster var. nitida (Pax) A.R.-Sm. Magogo FC & Glover PE 678* Marere. Small tree 8 m, petiole grooved, glabrous, fruit shallow trilobed. Pan-African. Margaritaria discoidea (Baill.) Webster Drummond RB &Hemsley JH 1140* var. triplosphaera A.R.-Sm. Mwele-Mdogo. Small tree 8 m, petiole subterete, puberulous, fruit deeply trilobed. Pan-African. Meineckia fruticans (Pax) Webster Faden RB 70/433 (incl M. fruticans var. engleri (Pax) Webster) Mkurumudzi River. Shrub 1.2 m, glabrous, fruit dangling on thin pedicel to 6 cm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Micrococca mercurialis (L.) Benth. Luke WRQ 3338 Near Ziwani Primary School. Herb 30 cm. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Mildbraedia carpinifolia (Pax)Hutch. var. carpinifolia Ross KS 196 Godoni/Marere Forest. Shrub 2 m, flowers cream in stalked cymes to 8 cm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Vulnerable. Neoholstia tenuifolia (Pax) Rauschert var. glabrata (Prain) A.R.-Sm. Luke WRQ 3146 Mkongani area, Between KIFCON Transect 10, 11. Shrub 1 m, flowers white in terminal raceme, fruit 5 mm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in Kenya. First Kwale District Oldfieldia somalensis (Chiov.) Milne-Redh. Ross KS 193 Godoni /Marere Forest. Small tree 8 m, leaves digitate, fruit yellow 2 cm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Phyllanthus amarus Schumach. & Thonn. Sangai GW in EA15752 Mwadabara Forest. Woody herb 50 cm, pseudo-pinnate branch 12 cm, leaf 8 mm, sepals 5. Pan-Tropical. Phyllanthus delpyanus Hutch. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 503 Mkongani North. Small tree 3 m, pseudo-pinnate branch 30 cm, leaf 2 cm, fruit 3 cm. Pan-African. Phyllanthus harrisii A.R.-Sm. Magogo FC & Glover PE 363 Longomwagandi. Woody herb 1.2 m, pseudo-pinnate branch 16 cm, sepals 6, fruit 3 mm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in Kenya. Phyllanthus kaessneri Hutch. Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje FR. Shrub 1.5 m, pseudo-pinnate branch <3 cm, in Brachystegia. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in Kenya. 44 Q. Luke Phyllanthus leucocalyx Hutch. Magogo FC & Glover PE 245* Marere Hill. Woody herb 50 cm, pseudo-pinnate branch 11 cm, leaf 1 cm, sepals 5. Pan-African. Phyllanthus maderaspatensis L. var. maderaspatensis Magogo FC & Glover PE 1057* Vuga-Tiwi. Woody herb 50 cm, shoots monomorphic, leaves ca. 3 cm. Pan-Tropical. Phyllanthus nummulariifolius Poir. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2749 Risley's Ridge. Woody herb 1 m, flowers pedicels dangling ca. 2 cm, sepals 5. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Phyllanthus ovalifolius Forssk. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2794 Mkongani North. Climber/liana 2 m, leaves in one plane, ca. 2 cm, apex round, fruit 4 mm. Pan-Tropical. Phyllanthus reticulatus Poir. var. glaber (Thwaites) Muell. Arg. Luke WRQ et al. 5412 Kaya Chombo. Shrub 2 m, as for typical var. but glabrous. Pan-Tropical. Phyllanthus reticulatus Poir. var. reticulatus Magogo FC & Glover PE 193 Longomwagandi area. Shrub 2 m, pseudo-pinnate branch >12 cm, leaf 3 cm, fruit 5 mm. Pan-Tropical. Phyllanthus sacleuxii A.R.-Sm. Luke WRQ & PA 5404 Clark Plot. Woody herb 70 cm, pseudo-pinnate branch 30 cm, leaf 5 cm, fruit 3.5 mm. Kenya Coast endemic. Rare in a world sense. Phyllanthus welwitschianus Muell.Arg. var. beillei (Hutch.) A.R.-Sm. Bock K 715 Kwale. Shrub 1.5 m, monomorphic, usually in Brachystegia. Pan-Tropical. Pycnocoma littoralis Pax Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2832 Godoni. Small tree 2.5 m, flowers white with red disc-gland, fruit “cow’s udder”. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Vulnerable. Maximum altitude? Ricinodendron heudelotii (Baill.) Pierre Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 527 ssp. africanum (Muell.Arg.) J.Léonard var. tomentellum (Hutch. & E.A.Bruce) A.R.-Sm. Mkongani North. Tree 25 m, leaf digitate, discolorous, fruit 2-3 lobed green/black. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in Kenya. Spirostachys africana Sond. Robertson SA 4236 Golini. Small tree 8 m, petiole <10 mm, flower spikes <2.5 cm. Pan-African. Spirostachys venenifera (Pax) Pax Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje FR. Small tree 8 m, petiole >10 cm, flower spikes to 7 cm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Suregada zanzibariensis Baill. Luke WRQ 3154 Kidongo area, towards KIFCON Transect 19, 20, 23. Small tree 3 m, leaves with lemon tree-like glands/pustules. Pan-Tropical. Synadenium pereskiifolium (Baill.) Guill. Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje FR. Small tree 3 m, succulent. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Checklist of the plants of the Shimba Hills, Kenya 45 Thecacoris spathulifolia (Pax) Leandri var. spathulifolia Luke WRQ & PA sr (Cyathogyne bussei Pax) Mwaluganje FR. Shrub 1 m, ferruginous pubescent, inflorescence axillary bracteate spikes. Pan-Tropical. Thecacoris usambarensis Verdc. Luke WRQ 3144 (Cyathogyne usambarensis (Verdc.) J.Léonard) Mkongani area, towards KIFCON Transect 24. Shrub 1.5 m, glabrescent, leaves fleshy, fruit trilobed, dangling. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. First Kwale District. Tragia hildebrandtii Muell.Arg. Magogo FC & Glover PE 1000 Kwale-Mombasa (150 m). Herb 70 cm with climbing shoots, leaves linear, entire. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Tragia kirkiana Muell.Arg. Magogo FC & Glover PE 1136* Longomwagandi. Climber/liana 1.2 m, stem twining, leaf acuminate, calyx lobes 3, style free. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Tragiella natalensis (Sond.) Pax & K.Hoffm. Magogo FC & Glover PE 408 Kwale Forest. Climber/liana 3 m, leaves ovate/lance, calyx lobes 6, styles united. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Chrysobalanaceae Hirtella zanzibarica Oliv. ssp. zanzibarica Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 239 Road to Mwele-Mdogo. Tree 15 m, flowers white, fruit dark red. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Dichapetalaceae Dichapetalum arenarium Breteler Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 501 Mkongani North. Climber/liana 3 m, leaves hairy under, ovary with long woolly hairs. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Dichapetalum fructuosum Hiern Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2707 Buffalo Ridge. Climber/liana 10 m, leaves glabrescent, ovary with long woolly hairs. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Dichapetalum madagascariense Poir. var. madagascariense Magogo FC & Glover PE 250 Pengo. Climber/liana 3 m, ovary short hairy, sepals <3 mm. Pan-Tropical. Dichapetalum mossambicense (Klotzsch) Engl. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 522 Mkongani North. Climber/liana 6 m, leaf base subcordate, stipules lobed. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in Kenya. Dichapetalum ruhlandii Engl. Luke WRQ 871 Mwele-Mdogo. Climber/liana 30 m, ovary with short hairs, sepals >3 mm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rare in Kenya. Dichapetalum zenkeri Engl. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA sr Mkongani West. Shrub 2 m, leaf veins hairy only, ovary with long woolly hairs. Pan-African. Tapura fischeri Engl. Luke WRQ 873 Mwele-Mdogo. Small tree 3 m, flower pedicel adnate to petiole. Pan-African. 46 Q. Luke Leguminosae (Fabaceae)-Caesalpinioideae Afzelia quanzensis Welw. Magogo FC & Glover PE 49 Giriama Point area. Tree 20 m. Pan-African. Bauhinia mombassae Vatke Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2793 Mkongani North. Small tree 2 m, flowers yellow, usually near water. Kenya Coast endemic. Rare in a world sense. Endangered. Brachystegia spiciformis Benth. Magogo FC & Glover PE 456 Near Wireless Station. Tree 15 m. Pan-African. Caesalpinia insolita (Harms) Brenan & Gillett Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 5982 (C. dalei Brenan & Gillett) Mwaluganje FR. Tree 12 m, flowers yellow. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Caesalpinia volkensii Harms Magogo FC & Glover PE 271 Longomwagandi. Climber/liana 10 m, prickly, flowers yellow. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Cassia abbreviata Oliv. ssp. beareana (Holmes) Brenan Magogo FC & Glover PE 875 Marere. Small tree 8 m, leaflets pubescent, greyish, inflorescence <10 cm, pods to 90 cm. Pan-African. Cassia afrofistula Brenan var. afrofistula Luke WRQ et al. sr Mwalolo Loop. Small tree 8 m, leaflets ± glabrous, dark green, inflorescence >15 cm, pods 60 cm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Chamaecrista mimosoides (L.) Greene Luke WRQ et al. 5709 (Cassia mimosoides L.) Mwaluganje. Woody herb 40 cm, flowers yellow, pedicels in fruit <1 cm. Pan-Tropical. Chamaecrista telfairiana (Hook.f.) Lock Magogo FC & Glover PE 341 (Cassia telfairiana (Hook.f.) Polhill) Longomwagandi area. Woody herb 60 cm, flowers yellow, pedicels in fruit >1 cm. Pan-Tropical. Cynometra suaheliensis (Taub.) Baker f. Moomaw JC 1250 Kwale. Tree 15 m, leaflets 4. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Vulnerable. Cynometra webberi Baker f. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2814 Mkongani West. Tree 10 m, leaflets 6-8. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Vulnerable. Erythrophleum suaveolens (Guill. & Perr.) Brenan Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 220 Near Main Gate. Tree 15 m. Pan-African. Hymenaea verrucosa Gaertn. Saufferer S 861 Kwale NW. Tree 20 m. Pan-Tropical. Julbernardia magnistipulata (Harms) Troupin Faden RB 70/837 Makadara. Tree 20 m. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Vulnerable. Checklist of the plants of the Shimba Hills, Kenya 47 Paramacrolobium coeruleum (Taub.) J.Léonard Pakia M 974 Shimba Hills NR. Tree 15 m. Pan-African. Piliostigma thonningii (Schumach.) Milne-Redh. (Bauhinia thonningii Schumach.) Magogo FC & Glover PE 652 Sheldrick Falls. Small tree 8 m. Pan-African. Scorodophloeus fischeri (Taub.) J.Léonard Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 214 Mwaluganje Pipeline Road 7.1 km. Tree 10 m. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Senna occidentalis (L.) Link Luke WRQ & PA 5729 (Cassia occidentalis L.) Mwaluganje. Woody herb 1 m, leaf rachis with sessile gland near base. Pan-Tropical. Senna singueana (Delile) Lock Magogo FC & Glover PE 268 (Cassia singueana Delile) Longomwagandi. Small tree 5 m, leaf rachis with conspicuous stalked glands. Pan-Tropical. Tamarindus indica L. Magogo FC & Glover PE 884 Marere. Tree 15 m. Pan-Tropical. Leguminosae (Fabaceae)-Mimosoideae Acacia adenocalyx Brenan & Exell Luke WRQ & Robertson SA sr Godoni. Climber/liana 4 m, hooked spines scattered along internode. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. ?Acacia etbaica Schweinf. Gray M & Luke WRQ sr Kaya Teleza. Small tree 6 m, spines in 2’s, hooked & straight, fruit straight. Somalia/Masai endemic? Rare on the Kenyan coast. Acacia mellifera (Vahl) Benth. ssp. mellifera Robertson SA 4235 Golini. Small tree 8 m, hook spines 2’s below nodes, flower spike white. Pan-African. Acacia nilotica (L.) Delile ssp. subalata (Vatke) Brenan Magogo FC & Glover PE 863 Near Marere. Small tree 6 m, spines straight, flowers yellow, globose, fruit thick, pubescent. Somalia/Masai endemic. Acacia pentagona (Schumach. & Thonn.) Hook.f. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA sr Kivumoni area. Climber/liana 10 m, hooked spines scattered from longitudinal bands. Pan-African. Acacia robusta Burch. ssp. usambarensis (Taub.) Brenan Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje FR. Tree 15 m, spines straight to 9 cm, flowers white, globose, fruit falcate. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Acacia rovumae Oliv. Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje FR. Tree 12 m, hook spines 2’s, flowers in white spikes, fruit thick. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Acacia senegal (L.) Willd. Elliott CW 1373 Kwale. Small tree 6 m, hooked prickles 2-up, 1-down. Pan-African. 48 Q. Luke Acacia sieberiana DC. var. sieberiana Luke WRQ 3158 Kidongo area, towards KIFCON Transect 19, 23. Tree 10 m, bark yellowish flaking, flowers white, globose. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Albizia adianthifolia (Schumach.) W.Wight Cunningham-van Someren GR Sh49 Makadara. Tree 10 m, leaflets pubescent, <17 mm. Pan-African. Albizia anthelmintica Brongn. Robertson SA & Luke WRQ sr Mwaluganje FR. Small tree 8 m, leaf rachis extended into a ‘hook’, leaflets to 4 cm. Pan-African. Albizia glaberrima (Schumach. & Thonn.) Benth. var. glabrescens (Oliv.) Brenan Mulwa PCW 58 Shimba Forest. Tree 15 m, leaflets±glabrous, to 10 cm. Pan-African. Albizia gummifera (J.F.Gmel.) C.A.Sm. var. gummifera Shimba Hills Survey Unit 64 Shimba Hills. Tree 12 m, leaflets ca. 2.5 cm. Pan-Tropical. Specimen not found. Albizia versicolor Oliv. Elliott CW 1677 Kwale. Tree 15 m, leaflets tomentose, to 6 cm. Pan-African. Dichrostachys cinerea (L.)Wight & Arn. Magogo FC & Estes R 1237 ssp. keniensis Brenan & Brummitt Near Kwale. Small tree 2 m, flowers yellow/purple/white. Kenya Coast endemic. Entada rheedii Spreng. Magogo FC & Glover PE 626 (E. pursaetha DC.) Sheldrick Falls. Climber/liana 20 m, pod 2 m. Pan-Tropical. The “matchbox” bean. Leucaena latisiliqua (L.) Gillis Magogo FC & Glover PE 132 Near Kwale. Small tree 5 m. Pan-Tropical. Naturalised. Mimosa pigra L. Luke WRQ 3148 Mkongani area, between KIFCON Transect 10, 11. Shrub 1.5 m, stem & leaves prickly, flowers pink. Pan-Tropical. Mimosa pudica L. var. unijuga (Duchass. & Walp.) Griseb. Magogo FC & Glover PE 662 Kwale. Woody herb 40 cm, often prostrate, leaves unarmed, flowers pink. Pan-Tropical. Newtonia paucijuga (Harms) Brenan Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 215 Shimba Hills Lodge. Tree 25 m. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Vulnerable. Parkia filicoidea Oliv. Cunningham-van Someren GR Sh56 Makadara. Tree 25 m. Pan-African. Pseudoprosopis euryphylla Harms ssp. puguensis Brenan & Lock Luke WRQ sr Chitsanze Sacred Grove. Climber/liana 7 m, flowers white with yellow anthers, pod dehiscent. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in Kenya. Checklist of the plants of the Shimba Hills, Kenya 49 Leguminosae (Fabaceae)-Papilionoideae Abrus precatorius L. ssp. africanus Verdc. Magogo FC & Glover PE 644 Sheldrick Falls. Climber/liana 1.5 m, seeds red & black. Pan-Tropical. Abrus sp A of FTEA Luke WRQ 3163 (?A. pulchellus Thwaites ssp. tenuiflorus (Benth.)Verdc.) Near Longomwagandi. Herb 40 cm from perennial root, flowers pink. Kenya Coast endemic. Rare in a world sense. Aeschynomene uniflora E.Mey. Magogo FC & Glover PE 757 Marere. Woody herb 1.5 m. Pan-Tropical. Alysicarpus glumaceus (Vahl) DC. Magogo FC &Glover PE 322 ssp. Glumaceus var. intermedius Verdc. Longomwagandi area. Woody herb 40 cm, pod constricted, scarcely exerted from calyx. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Alysicarpus ovalifolius (Schumach.) J.Léonard vel sp aff Luke WRQ et al. 5708 Mwaluganje. Woody herb 30 cm, annual, inflorescence lax, pods not constricted. Pan-Tropical? Alysicarpus vaginalis (L.) DC. var. villosus Verdc. Magogo FC & Glover PE 58 Longomwagandi. Woody herb 40 cm, perennial, inflorescence dense, pods not constricted. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in Kenya. Angylocalyx braunii Harms Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 5173 Shimba Hills Lodge. Small tree 8 m, flowers pinkish white from trunk, fruit ‘beaded’. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Vulnerable. Canavalia africana Dunn Kassner 203* (C. virosa (Roxb.) Wight & Arn.) Climber/liana 10 m, upper calyx lobe longer than tube. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Specimen from 1902 cited in FTEA, not seen. Canavalia cathartica Thouars Magogo FC & Glover PE 64 Longomwagandi. Climber/liana 4 m, upper calyx lobe shorter than tube. Pan-Tropical. Clitoria ternatea L. Magogo FC & Glover PE 991 Kwale-Mombasa. Climber/liana 2 m, flowers blue or white. Pan-Tropical. Cordyla africana Lour. Luke WRQ 882 Mwele-Mdogo. Tree 30 m, stamens orange/yellow, fruit subglobose. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Formerly placed in Caesalpiniaceae in FTEA, now correctly in Papilionaceae. Craibia brevicaudata (Vatke) Dunn ssp. brevicaudata Luke WRQ sr Chitsanze Sacred Grove. Small tree 8 m, flowers white. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Crotalaria axillaris Aiton Magogo FC & Glover PE 142 Pengo Hill. Woody herb 1.5 m, flowers in leaf axils in fascicles or sessile racemes. Pan-African. Crotalaria emarginata Benth. Magogo FC & Glover PE 99 Road to Marere. Woody herb 50 cm, leaf apex emarginate, calyx base truncate, deflexed. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. 50 Q. Luke Crotalaria goodiiformis Vatke Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 5998 Mwaluganje FR. Shrub 1 m, calyx ± equal to keel, 2 ‘horns’ on petiole. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Crotalaria hyssopifolia Klotzsch Graham RM FD2026 Makadara. Woody herb 40 cm, stipules absent, pod small, to 5 mm. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Crotalaria polysperma Kotschy Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje. Woody herb 1 m, flowers blue. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Crotalaria retusa L. var. tunguensis (Lima) Polhill Ndakala J 120 Mkongani. Woody herb 50 cm, leaves simple. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Dalbergia boehmii Taub. ssp. boehmii Luke WRQ & Robertson SA sr Mkongani North. Tree 10 m, leaflets apex rounded. Pan-African. Dalbergia bracteolata Baker Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2780 Below Makadara. Climber/liana 4 m, leaflet apex acuminate. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rare in Kenya. Dalbergia melanoxylon Guill. & Perr. Magogo FC & Glover PE 841 Kivumoni Wireless Station. Small tree 6 m, leaflets obovate. Pan-African. Dalbergia gloveri Q.Luke ined. Luke WRQ & Baer S 8247 (Dalbergia sp1 of CFS) Below Mwele Mdogo. Climber/liana 10 m, stem to 30 cm, leaflets rounded ca. 3 cm. Shimba Endemic? Rare in a world sense? Matches Wakefield sn collected in 1884. Dalbergia vacciniifolia Vatke Robertson SA 4220 Golini. Climber/liana 8 m, leaflet apex obtuse/rounded. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Vulnerable. Desmodium adscendens (Sw.) DC. var. adscendens Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2692 Kivumoni. Herb 40 cm, trail & ascend, articles >1.5 x long as wide. Pan-African. Rare in Kenya. Desmodium barbatum (L.) Benth. Magogo FC &Glover PE 1266 var. dimorphum (Baker) B.G.Schub. Woody herb 40 cm, leaflets 3 & 1 mixed, calyx equal 5-lobed. Pan-Tropical. Rare in Kenya. Distinct from var. procumbens? Desmodium barbatum (L.) Benth. var. procumbens B.G.Schub. Magogo FC & Glover PE 1 Longomwagandi area. Woody herb 20 cm, forming mats, leaflets 3, calyx equal 5-lobed. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Desmodium gangeticum (L.) DC. Magogo FC & Glover PE 385 Longomwagandi area. Woody herb 50 cm, leaflet single, margin entire. Pan-Tropical. Desmodium ramosissimum G.Don Luke WRQ 3114 Near Risley's, KIFCON Transect 8. Woody herb 70 cm, erect, articles D shape, indent upper margin. Pan-Tropical. Rare in Kenya. Desmodium triflorum (L.) DC. Luke WRQ 3120 KWS HQ. Herb, prostrate, leaflets 3, flowers pink. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast? Checklist of the plants of the Shimba Hills, Kenya 51 Desmodium velutinum (Willd.) DC. Magogo FC & Glover PE 1074 Shimba settlement Road. Woody herb 1 m, leaflet single, margin wavy. Pan-Tropical. Dolichos trilobus L. ssp. trilobus var. trilobus Magogo FC & Glover PE 1265 Risley's Ridge. Climber/liana 3 m, flowers pinkish, fruit glabrous. Pan-Tropical. Eriosema glomeratum (Guill. & Perr.) Hook.f. Magogo FC & Glover PE 390 Longomwagandi area? Woody herb 1 m, inflorescence subglobose, flowers yellow, pod 1 cm. Pan-African. Eriosema parviflorum E.Mey. ssp. parviflorum Magogo FC & Glover PE 338 Longomwagandi area. Woody herb 60 cm, inflorescence spicate, flowers yellow with red lines, pod 1 cm. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast? Eriosema pauciflorum Klotzsch var. pauciflorum Magogo FC & Glover PE 404 Kwale Forest. Woody herb 30 cm, ± prostrate, flowers yellow, pod >1.5 cm. Pan-African. Rare in Kenya. Erythrina abyssinica DC. ssp. abyssinica Magogo FC & Glover PE 68 Near Longomwagandi (4 mls). Small tree 8 m, flowers coral red. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Erythrina sacleuxii Hua Cunningham-van Someren GR in FD9816 Makadara. Tree 15 m, flowers red with white. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Vulnerable. Galactia argentifolia S.Moore Magogo FC & Glover PE 403 Giriama Point. Woody herb 60 cm, silvery, flowers pink. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Indigofera charlierana Schinz Robertson SA 3483 Matuga. Herb 20 cm, pod flattened with side ridge. Pan-African. Rare in Kenya. Indigofera congesta Baker Graham RM 577 Makadara. Woody herb 50 cm, leaves simple, inflorescence paniculate, pod 2.5 mm. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Indigofera cuneata Baker Moomaw JC 1132 Kwale repeater. Woody herb 30 cm, pedicel filiform, 2-flowered, pod <17 mm, ridged. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rare in Kenya. Indigofera dendroides Jacq. Magogo FC & Glover PE 1138 Longomwagandi area. Woody herb 1 m, pod >17 mm pedicel >2 mm. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Indigofera hirsuta L. Luke WRQ & PA 5730 Mwaluganje. Woody herb 1 m, inflorescence dense brown hairy spike, pod 15 mm. Pan-Tropical. Indigofera longimucronata Baker f. Magogo FC & Estes R 1208 Near Marere. Herb ± prostrate, pod 4 cm, apex upturned, beaked. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Indigofera longiracemosa Baill. Luke WRQ & PA 5722A Mwaluganje. Woody herb 1 m, regular ‘phyllanthus-like’, pod 2 cm. Pan-Tropical. First Kwale District? 52 Q. Luke Indigofera paniculata Pers. ssp. paniculata Magogo FC & Glover PE 290 Near Kwale. Woody herb 1.2 m, leaves simple, inflorescence paniculate, pod 5 mm. Pan-African. Indigofera trita L.f. var. subulata (Poir.) Ali Magogo FC & Glover PE 685 Marere. Woody herb 1.5 m, leaflets 3, pod tetragonal, 2.5 cm, curved towards tip. Pan-Tropical. Indigofera vohemarensis Baill. Robertson SA 3482 Matuga. Woody herb 1.2 m, coumarin smell, pod 4 >18 mm, pedicel 1 mm. Pan-Tropical. Macrotyloma axillare (E.Mey.) Verdc. Magogo FC &Glover PE 364 var. glabrum (E.Mey.) Verdc. Longomwagandi area. Climber/liana 3 m, flowers cream with purple, in sessile fascicles, pod >6 mm. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Macrotyloma uniflorum (Lam.) Verdc. var. verrucosum Verdc. Magogo FC & Glover PE 200 Longomwagandi area. Climber/liana 1 m, flowers cream, peduncle to 1.5 cm, pod <5.5 mm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Millettia lasiantha Dunn Luke WRQ 3201 Tsimba to Makobe. Climber/liana 10 m, flowers purple/white. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Millettia usaramensis Taub. Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 5188 ssp. usaramensis var. usaramensis Shimba Hills Lodge. Tree 10 m. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Mucuna gigantea (Willd.) DC. Graham RM 1937 Kwale? Climber/liana 10 m, inflorescence striking, flowers cream/green. Pan-Tropical. Mundulea sericea (Willd.) A.Chev. Shimba Hills Survey Unit 19 Shimba Hills. Small tree 3 m, flowers purple. Pan-Tropical. Specimen not found in EA. Ophrestia hedysaroides (Willd.) Verdc. Luke WRQ et al. 4334 Pemba River. Climber/liana 2 m, inflorescence sessile, flowers white. Pan-African. Ormocarpum kirkii S.Moore Robertson SA 4226 Golini. Shrub 1.5 m, fruit to 15 mm hidden in flowers. Pan-African. Ormocarpum sennoides (Willd.) DC. Cunningham van Someren GR Sh127 ssp. zanzibaricum Brenan & Gillett Makadara. Shrub 1.5 m, pod 9 cm with soft prickles. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Philenoptera bussei (Harms) Schrire Magogo FC & Glover PE 656 (Lonchocarpus bussei Harms) Sheldrick Falls. Small tree 8 m, flowers often precocious, purple. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Pseudarthria hookeri Wight & Arn. var. hookeri Magogo FC & Glover PE 1115 Longomwagandi. Woody herb 1.2 m, flowers white to purple/pink. Pan-African. Checklist of the plants of the Shimba Hills, Kenya 53 Pseudovigna argentea (Willd.) Verdc. Magogo FC & Glover PE 883 Near Marere. Climber/liana 2 m, flowers pinkish, pod 3 cm, brown hairy. Pan-African. ?Rhynchosia congensis Baker ssp. orientalis Verdc. Gray M & Luke WRQ 284 Kaya Teleza. Climber/liana 7 m, flowers yellow/red, calyx <1.5 cm, seeds blue. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic? Rhynchosia hirta (Andr.) Meikle & Verdc. Magogo FC & Glover PE 446 Near Kwale. Climber/liana 3 m, flowers yellow/red, calyx >1.6 cm, seeds blue. Pan-Tropical. Rhynchosia minima (L.) DC. var. minima Luke WRQ & PA 6018 Matuga-Bombo. Woody herb 30 cm, tufted, trailing, leaflets acute, pod to 2 cm. Pan-Tropical. Rhynchosia minima (L.) DC. var. nuda (DC.) Kuntze Magogo FC & Glover PE 992 Kwale-Mombasa. Climber/liana 1 m, leaflets mostly with rounded apex, pod to 2 cm. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Rhynchosia velutina Wight & Arn. var. velutina Magogo FC & Glover PE 867 Marere. Climber/liana 1 m, inflorescence <leaves, flowers bright yellow, pod 3 cm, velvet. Pan-Tropical. Rothia hirsuta (Guill. & Perr.) Baker Robertson SA 3312 Matuga. Herb 10 cm, prostrate. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast? Sesbania bispinosa (Jacq.) W.Wight Magogo FC & Glover PE 989 Kwale-Mombasa. Woody herb 1.5 m, sparse 1 mm prickles on stem & leaf. Pan-Tropical. Sphenostylis stenocarpa (A.Rich.) Harms Graham RM FD1936 Kwale. Climber/liana 2 m, pods linear to 20 cm, margined, glabrous. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Yam Bean. Stylosanthes fruticosa (Retz.) Alston Magogo FC & Glover PE 95 Longomwagandi area. Woody herb 50 cm, flowers yellow. Pan-Tropical. Tephrosia linearis (Willd.) Pers. Luke WRQ 3311 Kaya Miyani. Woody herb 60 cm, leaves linear, flowers orange. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Tephrosia noctiflora Baker Luke WRQ & PA 5722B Mwaluganje. Woody herb 1 m, pod 5 cm, apex up-curved. Pan-Tropical. Tephrosia pentaphylla (Roxb.) G.Don Magogo FC & Glover PE 988 Kwale-Mombasa. Woody herb 60 cm, flowers in leaf axils, orange/red. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Tephrosia pumila (Lam.) Pers. var. pumila Magogo FC & Glover PE 931 Near Marere. Woody herb 30 cm, straggling, seed spacing <4 mm. Pan-Tropical. Tephrosia purpurea (L.) Pers. Magogo FC & Glover PE 889 ssp. leptostachya (DC.) Brummitt var. leptostachya Marere. Woody herb 40 cm, straggling, seed spacing >4 mm. Pan-African. 54 Q. Luke Tephrosia stormsii De Wild. var. stormsii Luke WRQ et al. 6194 Mwalolo Loop. Woody herb 1 m, pods to 7 cm. Pan-African. Rare in Kenya. Tephrosia villosa (L.) Pers. ssp. ehrenbergiana (Schweinf.) Brummitt Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje. Woody herb 60 cm, pod strongly curved, silvery tomentose. Pan-African. Tephrosia vogelii Hook.f. Donald GH FD2369 Shimba Hills. Shrub 2 m, flowers white, pod wider than 12 mm. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast? Planted for fish poison? Teramnus labialis (L.f.) Spreng. ssp. arabicus Verdc. Agnew ADQ 9763 Near Mkomba. Climber/liana 2 m, flowers pinkish, pod to 6 cm, beak 3 mm upturned. Pan-Tropical. Vigna hosei (Craib) Backer Magogo FC & Estes R 1159 (Vigna parkeri Baker ssp. acutifoliola Verdc.) Giriama Point. Climber/liana 1.2 m, flowers yellow, pod compressed 20 x 5 mm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in Kenya. Vigna reticulata Hook.f. Graham RM 1905 Kwale. Climber/liana 1.5 m, dense yellow hairy, flowers pink, pod 70 x 4 mm. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. Magogo FC & Glover PE 471 var. spontanea (Schweinf.) Pasquet Kwale area. Climber/liana 2 m, glabrescent, flowers blue/purple, pod 100 x 5 mm. Pan-African. Vigna vexillata (L.) A.Rich. Magogo FC & Glover PE 994 var. angustifolia (Schumach. & Thonn.) Baker Kwale Road (150 m alt). Climber/liana 1 m, erect, hairy, leaves <15 mm wide, pod 140 x 4 mm. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Zornia pratensis Milne-Redh. ssp. pratensis Drummond RB & Hemsley JH 1113 Mwele-Mdogo. Herb prostrate, leaves 2 foliolate, flowers yellow. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Buxaceae Buxus obtusifolia (Mildbr.) Hutch. Luke WRQ & PA sr (Notobuxus obtusifolia Mildbr.) Mwaluganje FR. Shrub 1.5 m, leaves stiff, flowers yellow/green, caps splitting 3 valves. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Vulnerable. Salicaceae Bivinia jalbertii Tul. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 510 Mkongani North. Tree 10 m, petals red, flowers white dense racemes, capsules dehiscent. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Casearia gladiiformis Mast. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 511 Mkongani North. Tree 10 m, flowers yellow/green, fruit yellowish. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. second for K7? Dovyalis hispidula Wild Robertson SA & Luke WRQ sr Mwaluganje FR. Small tree 3 m, leaves hairy, spines 5 cm, fruit 1 cm, orange dangling. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Checklist of the plants of the Shimba Hills, Kenya 55 Dovyalis macrocalyx (Oliv.) Warb. Luke WRQ 3160 Kidongo area, KIFCON Transect 23. Small tree 2 m, leaves glabrous, spines 6 cm, fruit 2 cm, calyx glandular, enlarged. Pan-African. Dovyalis sp A of FTEA Luke WRQ 3150 Kidongo area, towards KIFCON Transect 19, 20, 23. Small tree 3 m, leaves pubescent, fruit 1 cm, orange with brown velvety hairs. Kenya Coast endemic. Rare in a world sense? Flacourtia indica (Burm.f.) Merr. Robertson SA 4219 Golini. Small tree 8 m, spiny, fruit dark red. Pan-Tropical. Homalium abdessammadii Asch. & Schweinf. Luke WRQ & PA 4582 Mwaluganje FR. Tree 10 m, inflorescence paniculate, 12 cm, caps 7 mm. Pan-African. Rare in Kenya? Ludia mauritiana J.F.Gmel. Luke WRQ et al. sr Kaya Teleza. Small tree 8 m, leaf with characteristic upward veins, fruit red 1.5 cm, subglobose. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Scolopia rhamniphylla Gilg Robertson SA 5457 Golini. Small tree 5 m, spines 15 cm, fruit purplish 7 mm. Pan-African. Trimeria grandifolia (Hochst.) Warb. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 507 ssp. tropica (Burkill) Sleumer Mkongani North. Small tree 8 m, leaves cordate, soft hairy. Pan-African. Ulmaceae Celtis mildbraedii Engl. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2809 Mkongani West. Tree 25 m, basal 2 veins reaching about halfway up leaf. Pan-African. Celtis philippensis Blanco Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 504 Mkongani North. Small tree 8 m, basal 2 veins reaching upper half of leaf. Pan-Tropical. Trema orientalis (L.) Blume Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje. Small tree 8 m. Pan-Tropical. Moraceae Antiaris toxicaria Lesch. Magogo FC & Glover PE 207 ssp. welwitschii (Engl.) C.C.Berg var. usambarensis (Engl.) C.C.Berg Tree 30 m, leaves often rough hairy. Pan-African. False Mvule. Dorstenia alta Engl. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2695 Kivumoni. Shrub 1 m, receptacle elongate with ends appendaged. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Dorstenia hildebrandtii Engl. Herbarium Techniques Course III 089 var. hildebrandtii form A of FTEA Near Marere. Herb 20 cm, succulent, receptacle sub-circular. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. 56 Q. Luke Dorstenia hildebrandtii Engl. Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 6005 var. hildebrandtii form B of FTEA Mwaluganje FR. Herb 30 cm, succulent, receptacle triangular. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Dorstenia kameruniana Engl. Robertson SA 5083 Chitsanze Sacred Grove. Shrub 1.5 m, receptacle white, circular. Pan-African. Dorstenia tayloriana Rendle var. laikipiensis (Rendle) Hijman Faden RB 70/427 Mukurumudzi/Mwachomwana rivers. Herb 15 cm, leaves scabrid, receptacle maroon. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Dorstenia warneckei Engl. Luke WRQ 1644 Mwele Forest. Herb 60 cm, succulent, receptacle subcircular, appendages in 2 rows. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Ficus bubu Warb. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2788 Mkongani North. Tree 15 m, trunk smooth, pale yellow, leaf ca. 20 cm rounded. Pan-African. Ficus bussei Mildbr. & Burret Magogo FC & Glover PE 69 Near Giriama Point. Tree 15 m, spreading, leaf ‘quilted’, glossy above, ca. 15 cm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Ficus craterostoma Mildbr. & Burret Luke WRQ & Robertson SA sr Longomwagandi. Small tree 5 m, leaf apex truncate. Pan-African. Ficus exasperata Vahl Robertson SA 4239 Golini. Small tree 5 m, leaves very scabrid. Pan-Tropical. Ficus faulkneriana C.C. Berg Magogo FC & Glover PE 51* West of Giriama Point turnoff. Tree 10 m, like F. natalensis but stipules & basal bracts persistent. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Critically Endangered. Ficus lutea Vahl Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 5145 Shimba Hills Lodge. Tree 12 m, leaves ca. 25 cm. Pan-Tropical. Ficus natalensis Hochst. Robertson SA 5068 Chitsanze Sacred Grove. Small tree 8 m, figs on pedicels to 1 cm, basal bracts caduceus. Pan-African. Ficus ottoniifolia (Miq.) Miq. Luke WRQ 880 ssp. ulugurensis (Mildbr. & Burret) C.C.Berg Mwele-Mdogo. Tree 15 m, leaf elliptic ca. 10 cm, basal bract persistent. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Ficus polita Vahl ssp. polita Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje FR. Tree 10 m, leaves ovate ca. 10 cm, bracts persistent. Pan-Tropical. Ficus sansibarica Warb. ssp. sansibarica Gray M & Luke WRQ 290 Kaya Teleza. Tree 10 m, leaves lanceolate ca. 10 cm, 4.5 cm stipules evident on flush. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Ficus scassellatii Pamp. ssp. scassellatii Saufferer S 896 Kwale Forest Station S. Tree 10 m, leaf obovate ca. 15 cm with characteristic close reticulate tertiary veins. Pan-African. Checklist of the plants of the Shimba Hills, Kenya 57 Ficus stuhlmannii Warb. Pakia M 979 Shimba Hills. Small tree 8 m, leaves felty. Pan-African. Ficus sur Forssk. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 249 Mwele-Mdogo. Tree 15 m, fig-bearing branchlets on trunk, leaf pointed. Pan-African. Ficus sycomorus L. Mulwa PCW 13 Shimba Forest. Tree 15 m, fig-bearing branchlets on trunk, leaf rounded. Pan-Tropical. Ficus tremula Warb. ssp. tremula Greenway PJ 9800 Kwale W-Tanga-Mombasa Road (300 m). Small tree 8 m, leaf elliptic/obovate ca. 7 cm, ?red spot on petiole apex. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Ficus usambarensis Warb. Mulwa PCW 57 Shimba Forest. Tree 12 m, spreading, leaf elliptic 12 cm, stiff, figs 1 cm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Maclura africana (Bureau) Corner Wamukoya K7x57a Tiribe, near Mkongani W. Climber/liana 8 m, spiny, fruit heads to 2 cm, yellow/ beige. Pan-African. Milicia excelsa (Welw.) C.C.Berg Robertson SA 4221 (Chlorophora excelsa Welw.) Golini. Tree 30 m, leaves soft hairy or glabrous. Pan-African. Streblus usambarensis (Engl.) C.C.Berg Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 528 (Sloetiopsis usambarensis Engl.) Mkongani North. Shrub 2 m, leaf obovate, male flowers in ‘catkins’. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Trilepisium madagascariensis DC. Graham RM FD1643 (Bosqueia phoberos Baill.) Kwale. Tree 10 m, glabrous, leaf abrupt acuminate. Pan-Tropical. Urticaceae Laportea lanceolata (Engl.) Chew Mwaluganje FR. Herb 40 cm, stinging. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Pilea holstii Engl. Mwele Forest. Herb 30 cm, petioles pinkish, flowers green/white. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rare in Kenya. Urera sansibarica Engl. Kwale Town N. Climber/liana 8 m, leaf margin toothed. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Urera trinervis (Hochst.) Friis & Immelman Mwele-Mdogo. Climber/liana 6 m, leaf margin entire. Pan-African. Luke WRQ & PA sr Luke WRQ 2928 Saufferer S 1590 Luke WRQ sr 58 Q. Luke Celastraceae Apodostigma pallens (Oliv.) R.Wilczek var. pallens Magogo FC & Glover PE 969 (Hippocratea pallens Oliv.) Kwale Forest. Climber/liana 6 m, flowers white, style absent. Pan-African. Elachyptera holtzii (Harms) N.Hallé Luke WRQ 3601 (Hippocratea holtzii Harms) Mwachemwana River. Climber/liana 3 m, covering other vegetation, glabrous. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rare in Kenya. First Kwale District. Elaeodendron schlechterianum (Loes.) Loes. van Someren VGL Sh103 Makadara. Small tree 4 m, flowers yellow/green, petals 5, >2 mm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Elaeodendron schweinfurthianum (Loes.) Loes. Magogo FC & Glover PE 1133 Kwale. Small tree 4 m, flowers yellow/green petals 4 <1.5 mm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Gymnosporia buchananii Loes. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 500 (Maytenus buchananii (Loes.) R.Wilczek) Mkongani North. Small tree 3 m, shoots pubescent, aril yellow/white at base only. Pan-African. Gymnosporia gracilis Loes. ssp. gracilis Magogo FC & Glover PE 289 (Maytenus mossambicensis (Klotzsch) Blakelock var. ambonensis (Loes.) N.Robson) Kwale. Small tree 2 m, shoots pubescent, aril orange covering seed. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Gymnosporia heterophylla (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Loes. Graham RM FD Ox352 (Maytenus heterophylla (Eckl. & Zeyh.) N.Robson) Kwale. Small tree 3 m, shoots glabrous, aril covering basal third, yellow. Pan-African. Gymnosporia putterlickioides Loes. Luke WRQ sr (Maytenus putterlickioides (Loes.) Exell & Mendonca) Golini, Dykes Plot. Shrub 2 m, leaves pubescent, often flowering leafless. Pan-African. Loeseneriella africana (Willd.) N.Hallé Luke WRQ & PA sr var. richardiana (Cambess.) N.Hallé (Hippocratea africana Willd.) Mwaluganje FR. Climber/liana 4 m, buds conical. Pan-African. Maytenus undata (Thunb.) Blakelock Luke WRQ & PA 6255 Campsite 1 turnoff. Tree 10 m, no spines, flowers sessile. Pan-Tropical. Mystroxylon aethiopicum (Thunb.) Loes. Magogo FC & Glover PE 507 Pengo Hill. Small tree 8 m, extremely variable, no spines, fruit fleshy. Pan-Tropical. Pleurostylia africana Loes. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA sr Marere West. Tree 12 m, leaves opposite, stiff, entire. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Checklist of the plants of the Shimba Hills, Kenya 59 Pristimera andongensis (Oliv.) N.Hallé Gray M & Luke WRQ 302 var. volkensii (Loes.) N.Hallé & B.Mathew Kaya Teleza. Climber/liana 4 m, leaf with prominent tertiary veins above, petals white with dark veins. Pan-African. Rare in Kenya. Salacia elegans Oliv. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2739 Longomwagandi. Climber/liana 10 m, latex present in leaf, stems ridged. Pan-Tropical. Salacia erecta (G.Don) Walp. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 521 Mkongani North. Climber/liana 4 m, no latex, petiole margin wavy. Pan-African. Salacia lehmbachii Loes. Luke WRQ et al. 4725 Mwele-Mdogo. Shrub 4 m, no latex, fruit ob-pyriform orange. Pan-African. Rare in Kenya. Salacia leptoclada Tul. Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 6024 Mwaluganje FR. Climber/liana 3 m, no latex, petiole margin straight. Pan-African. Rare in Kenya. First Kwale District? Salacia madagascariensis (Lam.) DC. Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 5171 Shimba Hills Lodge. Climber/liana 7 m, leaf margin teeth & latex present, stems lenticellate. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Salacia stuhlmanniana Loes. Luke WRQ sr Godoni. Climber/liana 6 m, latex present, leaf margin entire. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. ?Simicratea welwitschii (Oliv.) N.Hallé Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2819 (Hippocratea welwitschii Oliv.) Mkongani West. Climber/liana 8 m, flowers buds globose, fruit 3 flat mericarps. Pan-African? Rare in Kenya? First for Kenya? Icacinaceae Apodytes dimidiata Arn. Robertson SA 4218 Golini. Tree 10 m, flowers white, fruit black with red lobe. Pan-African. Leptaulus holstii (Engl.) Engl. Luke WRQ 1852 Mwele Forest. Shrub 2 m, flowers cream, fruit red. Pan-African. Rare in Kenya. First Kwale District. Second locality Kenya. Pyrenacantha kaurabassana Baill. Mwangangi OM 1299 Kidongo. Climber/liana 3 m, stem from underground tuber. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Pyrenacantha malvifolia Engl. var. malvifolia Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje FR. Climber/liana 4 m, stem from huge above-ground tuber. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Pyrenacantha vogeliana Baill. Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 5162 Shimba Hills Lodge. Climber/liana 2 m, not from tuber, leaves stiff with wavy margin, fruit red. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rhaphiostylis beninensis (Planch.) Benth. Luke WRQ 8327B Longomwagandi Edge. Climber/liana 15 m, pseudopinnate branches, flowers white, fruit red. Pan-African. Rare in Kenya. 60 Q. Luke Salvadoraceae Dobera loranthifolia (Warb.) Harms Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje FR. Tree 10 m, fruit ellipsoid, yellow, <16 mm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Salvadora persica L. var. persica Robertson SA & Luke WRQ sr Mwaluganje FR. Small tree or climber/liana 4 m, succulent, fruit red ca. 5 mm. Pan-Tropical. Olacaceae Olax obtusifolia De Wild. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2771 Risley's Ridge. Tree 10 m, fruit red/yellow/orange, globose ca. 1 cm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rare in Kenya. Strombosiopsis pentamera Q.Luke ined. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2725 (?Strombosiopsis sp of CFS) Longomwagandi. Tree 15 m, straight bole, flowers minute, cream/green, 5-merous, seeds pointed ellipsoid 22 x 16 mm. Kenya Coast endemic. Rare in a world sense. Ximenia americana L. var. caffra (Sond.) Engl Robertson SA 4317 (X. caffra Sond.) Golini. Small tree 2 m, flowers green/cream ‘fluffy’ in clusters, fruit orange. Pan-African. Opiliaceae Opilia amentacea Roxb. Magogo FC & Glover PE 1053 Vuga-Tiwi. Climber/liana 8 m, old stems ‘corky’, fruit yellow. Pan-African. Pentarhopalopilia umbellulata (Baill.) Hiepko Gray M & Luke WRQ 341 (Rhopalopilia umbellulata (Baill.) Engl.) Kaya Teleza. Climber/liana 3 m, inflorescence umbellate, fruit yellow. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Loranthaceae Agelanthus elegantulus (Engl.) Polhill & Wiens Gray M & Luke WRQ 267 (Tapinanthus elegantulus (Engl.) Danser) Kaya Teleza. Hemi-parasite. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. First for K7? Agelanthus sansibarensis (Engl.) Polhill & Wiens ssp. Sansibarensis Magogo FC & Glover PE 61 (Tapinanthus sansibarensis (Engl.) Danser) Longomwagandi W. Hemi-parasite, flowers red with yellow band. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Hosts include Flueggea & Antidesma. Agelanthus subulatus (Engl.) Polhill & Wiens Luke WRQ 3105 (Tapinanthus subulatus (Engl.) Danser) Longomwagandi KIFCON Transect 5. Hemi-parasite, flowers white/pink with green. Pan-African. Hosts include Zanha & Carpodiptera. Erianthemum dregei (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Tiegh. Magogo FC & Glover PE 966 Kwale Forest. Hemi-parasite, flowers orange and pale green. Pan-African. Hosts include Terminalia & Vernonia. Checklist of the plants of the Shimba Hills, Kenya 61 Oliverella hildebrandtii (Engl.) Tiegh. Magogo FC & Glover PE 686 (Tapinanthus hildebrandtii (Engl.) Danser) Marere. Hemi-parasite, flowers red/grey. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Hosts include Bauhinia. Santalaceae Thesium subaphyllum Engl. Luke WRQ 3312 Kaya Miyani. Hemi-parasite 30 cm, stems winged, fruits yellowish . Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Rhamnaceae Scutia myrtina (Burm.f.) Kurz Drummond RB & Hemsley JH 1093 Chasimba Forest. Climber/liana 10 m. Pan-Tropical. Ziziphus mucronata Willd. ssp. mucronata Magogo FC & Glover PE 887 Near Marere. Small tree 8 m, leaves±glabrous. Pan-Tropical. Ziziphus pubescens Oliv. Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje FR. Tree 10 m, leaves hairy. Pan-African. Vitaceae Ampelocissus africana (Lour.) Merr. var. africana Luke WRQ & Robertson SA sr Below Makadara. Climber/liana 6 m, leaves simple, petals 5, glossy dark red fruits on tendril. Pan-African. Ampelocissus obtusata (Baker) Planch. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2746 ssp. kirkiana (Planch.) Wild & R.B.Drumm. Marere. Climber/liana 8 m, leaves digitate, petals 5, fruits dark red speckled black on tendril. Pan-African. Cissus aralioides (Baker) Planch. ssp. orientalis Verdc. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA sr Mkongani West. Climber/liana 4 m, succulent, leaves usually 5-digitate, ±glabrous, stipules to 8 mm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Cissus integrifolia (Baker) Planch. Magogo FC & Glover PE 197 Longomwagandi. Climber/liana 5 m, leaf simple, ±entire. Pan-African. Cissus phymatocarpa Masinde & L.E.Newton Magogo FC & Glover PE 997 Kwale-Mombasa. Climber/liana 4 m, succulent stem 4-5 angled. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Cissus rotundifolia (Forssk.) Vahl var. rotundifolia Magogo FC & Glover PE 676 Near Marere. Climber/liana 8 m, succulent, leaves round, entire. Pan-Tropical. Cissus sciaphila Gilg Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje FR. Climber/liana 10 m, stems blue/grey, leaf ovate with ‘teeth’, hairy. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Cissus sylvicola Masinde & L.E.Newton Masinde PS 357 Mwaluganje FR. Climber/liana 10 m, succulent, stem slightly 4-6 angled, leaf occasionally 3 lobed. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. 62 Q. Luke Cyphostemma adenocaule (A.Rich.) Wild & R.B.Drumm. Magogo FC &Glover PE 74 ssp. adenocaule Longomwagandi. Climber/liana 3 m, leaves pedate 5-7 foliate. Pan-African. Not found in EA. Cyphostemma duparquetii (Planch.) Desc. Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje FR. Climber/liana 8 m, from grey perennial stem 50 cm, 5-foliolate, red hairs. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Cyphosemma dysocarpum (Gilg & Brandt) Desc. ssp. pwani Verdc. Luke WRQ et al. 5414 Kaya Chombo. Climber/liana 1.5 m, leaflets 3-5, obovate, wavy toothed purple margin. Kenya Coast endemic. Cyphostemma sp I of FTEA Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 5148 Shimba Hills Lodge. Climber/liana 2 m, leaflets 3, raphides, seed ridge unwinged. Kenya Coast endemic. Rare in a world sense. Perhaps = C. zimmermannii—see FTEA pg126. Cyphostemma zimmermannii Verdc. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2711 Buffalo Ridge. Climber/liana 8 m, leaflets 3, raphides, seed ridge winged. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rhoicissus revoilii Planch. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2786D Mkongani North. Climber/liana 8 m, leaves with veins not reaching margin. Pan-Tropical. Rhoicissus tridentata (L.f.) Wild & R.B.Drumm. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2786C Mkongani North. Climber/liana 8 m, leaves with veins reaching margin. Pan-Tropical. Rutaceae Clausena anisata (Willd.) Benth. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 533 Mkongani North. Small tree 4 m, leaves strongly anise smell, flowers white, fruit purple. Pan-African. Toddalia asiatica (L.) Lam. Magogo FC & Glover PE 257 Pengo. Climber/liana 12 m, hooked prickles everywhere! Pan-Tropical. ?Vepris amaniensis (Engl.) W.Mziray Luke WRQ 1639 (?Teclea amaniensis Engl.) Mwele-Mdogo. Small tree 1 m, leaflets 1-3, petals winged, flowers yellow, fruit elliptical, red. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic?. (=Magogo & Glover 1102, Lavranos & Newton 12290). Vepris eugeniifolia (Engl.) I.Verd. Magogo FC & Glover PE 693 Marere. Small tree 5 m, leaflet 1, yellow/green flowers in axillary raceme, fruit globose. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Vepris robertsonae Q.Luke ined. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2806 Mkongani West. Small tree 2 m, leaves 1-foliolate, leaves stiff, petals short, flowers in axillary glomerules, yellow, tube 2 mm, 4 lobes to 2 mm, fruit sessile, oblong, orange/red, 14 x 7 x 6 mm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. (=Luke & Robertson 1539). Vepris sansibarensis (Engl.) W.Mziray Luke WRQ 3135 (Toddaliopsis sansibarensis (Engl.) Engl.) Mkongani area, near KIFCON Transect 25,26. Small tree 2.5 m, ovary 'cross' shaped, flowers cream. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Vulnerable. Checklist of the plants of the Shimba Hills, Kenya 63 Vepris sp nr stolzii I.Verd. Luke WRQ & PA 4501 Mwaluganje FR. Small tree 4 m, 3-foliolate, flowers in short axillary raceme, fruit bilobed, yellow. Kenya Coast endemic? Rare in a world sense. First Kwale District. Vepris trichocarpa (Engl.) W.Mziray Luke WRQ & Mbinda J 5969 (Teclea trichocarpa (Engl.) Engl.) Kaya Chombo. Small tree 6 m, 3-foliolate, pubescent, fruit red, ellipsoid, hairy. Pan-African. Zanthoxylum chalybeum Engl. var. chalybeum van Someren VGL Sh 56 Makadara. Tree 10 m, inflorescence in racemes, occasionally branched, below leaves. Pan-African. Zanthoxylum holtzianum (Engl.) P.G.Waterman Drummond RB & Hemsley JH 4006 Mwasangombe F. Tree 10 m, inflorescence a terminal panicle. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Vulnerable. Zanthoxylum paracanthum (Mildbr.) Kokwaro Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2801 Mkongani North. Tree 10 m, pricles upcurved, leaflet apex acuminate. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rare in Kenya. Balanitaceae Balanites maughamii Sprague ssp. acuta Sands Luke WRQ & Robertson SA sr (Balanites wilsoniana sensu KTSL) Mkongani West. Tree 15 m, trunk fluted, seeds to 6 cm long. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Balanites pedicellaris Mildbr. & Schltr. ssp. pedicellaris Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 6058 Mwaluganje FR. Small tree 8 m, seeds to 1.5 cm. Pan-African. Simaroubaceae Harrisonia abyssinica Oliv. Magogo FC & Glover PE 21 Giriama Point. Climber/liana 3 m (prickly) or tree 8 m (hardly prickly), flowers cream. Pan-African. Quassia undulata (Guill. & Perr.) D.Dietr. Faden RB 70/835 (Odyendea zimmermannii Engl.) Makadara Forest. Tree 40 m, fruit purple/black 4 cm, loved by hornbills. Pan-African. Rare in Kenya. Burseraceae Commiphora africana (A.Rich.) Engl. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA sr var. glaucidula (Engl.) Gillett Mkongani West. Small tree 3 m, trunk round, petals with curved hairs, fruit obovate 14 mm. Somalia/Masai endemic. Commiphora africana (A.Rich.) Engl. ? Cunningham van Someren GR Sh 82 var. oblongifoliolata (Engl.) GillettMakadara. Small tree 8 m, trunk round, green, petal hairs straight, fruit obovate 14 mm. Somalia/Masai endemic? Commiphora campestris Engl. ssp. glabrata (Engl.) Gillett Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje FR. Small tree 8 m, trunk angled, no spines, globose, laterally flattened, 10 mm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. 64 Q. Luke Commiphora edulis (Klotzsch) Engl. van Someren VGL Sh 61 ssp. boiviniana (Engl.) Gillett Makadara. Small tree 5 m, trunk round, no spines, fruit 25 mm, globose. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Commiphora eminii Engl. ssp. zimmermannii (Engl.) Gillett Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 212 Mwaluganje Pipeline Road. Tree 12 m, trunk angled, no spines, fruit 15 mm, globose. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Commiphora lindensis Engl. Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje FR. Climber/liana 3 m, very spiny, lateral leaflets very small, fruit subglobose, 6 mm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Commiphora obovata Chiov. Mahasi AS in EAH 14890 Kivumoni Valley. Small tree 2 m, spines, glabrous, fruits globose 12 mm. Somalia/Masai endemic. Rare in Kenya. Commiphora pteleifolia Engl. Robertson SA & Luke WRQ sr Mwaluganje FR. Climber/liana 6 m, spines, leaflets usually >5 cm, fruit 18 mm, beaked. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. ?Commiphora schimperi (O.Berg) Engl. Robertson SA & Luke WRQ sr Mwaluganje FR. Small tree 3 m, almost glabrous, trunk rounded, fruit 12 mm, beaked. Pan-African? Rare on the Kenyan coast? Cf C. obovata. Meliaceae Azadirachta indica A.Juss. Luke WRQ et al. sr Mwalolo Loop. Tree 10 m, fruit a yellow drupe 1.5 cm. Pan-Tropical. Alien invasive (Neem). Lovoa swynnertonii Baker f. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2731 Longomwagandi. Tree 40 m, clean boled, capsule 5 cm, seeds winged. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rare in Kenya. Endangered. Pseudobersama mossambicensis (Sim) Verdc. Robertson SA 3460 Makadara. Small tree 8 m, fruit red, roughly ornamented. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Trichilia emetica Vahl Robertson SA 4238A Golini. Tree 12 m, dense dark green, seeds black with red aril. Pan-Tropical. Turraea floribunda Hochst. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2772. Risley's Ridge. Tree 10 m, leaf apex acuminate, capsules glabrous, seeds orange. Pan-African. Potential ornamental. Turraea mombassana C.DC. ssp. mombassana Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 502 Mkongani North. Small tree 4 m, leaf apex sub-acuminate, capsules glabrous, seeds red. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Turraea nilotica Kotschy & Peyr. Magogo FC & Glover PE 96 Longomwagandi area. Tree 10 m, leaf apex rounded, seeds black. Pan-African. Turraea wakefieldii Oliv. Robertson SA 5069 Chitsanze Sacred Grove. Small tree 8 m, leaf apex sub-acuminate, capsules hairy, seeds red. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Checklist of the plants of the Shimba Hills, Kenya 65 Sapindaceae Allophylus chirindensis Baker f. Luke WRQ et al. 4715 (A. zimmermannianus Gilg) Longomwagandi. Small tree 4 m, inflorescence branched. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in Kenya. Vulnerable. Allophylus pervillei Blume Robertson SA 3502 Shimba Hills NR. Shrub 2 m, leaves unifoliate or with very small lateral leaflets. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. The gradual intergrade of the two forms mentioned in FTEA makes them superfluous. Allophylus rubifolius (A.Rich.) Engl. var. alnifolius (Baker) Friis & Vollesen Ross KS 118 (A. alnifolius (Baker) Radlk.) Marere. Shrub 2.5 m, leaflets glabrous, <3.5 cm, apex rounded. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Allophylus rubifolius (A.Rich.) Engl. var. dasystachys (Gilg) Verdc. Saufferer S 864 (A. stachyanthus Gilg) Kwale NW. Shrub 2.5 m, leaflets velvety beneath, >7 cm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Aporrhiza paniculata Radlk. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2762 Risley's Ridge. Small tree 8 m, fruit ‘winged’. Pan-African. Rare in Kenya. Usually near water. Blighia unijugata Baker Shimba Hills Survey Unit 75 Shimba Hills. Tree 12 m, fruit an inflated pink capsule. Pan-African. Specimen not found in EA. Chytranthus obliquinervis Engl. Drummond RB & Hemsley JH 1120 Mwele-Mdogo. Small tree 2 m, inflorescence on trunk. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Vulnerable. Deinbollia borbonica Scheff. forma glabrata Radlk. Luke WRQ sr Golini, Dykes Plot. Small tree 3 m, inflorescence a terminal panicle. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Fruit edible but not pleasant. Glenniaea africana (Radlk.) Leenh. Luke WRQ 2929A (Melanodiscus africanus Radlk.) Mwele Forest. Tree 12 m, fruit velvety orange. Pan-African. Haplocoelopsis africana F.G.Davies Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 247 Makadara. Small tree 8 m, fruit fleshy, yellow, almost bilobed. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region (Angola). Haplocoelum inoploeum Radlk. Sangai GW in EAH 15763 (incl. H. trigonocarpum Radlk.) Kwale Forest. Small tree 8 m, leaflets 2-8, fruit yellow, circular or triangular in cross section. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Lecaniodiscus fraxinifolius Baker ssp. scassellatii (Chiov.) Friis Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje FR. Small tree 6 m, leaf apex rounded. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Lecaniodiscus fraxinifolius Baker ssp. vaughanii (Dunkley) Friis Luke WRQ sr Godoni. Tree 20 m, leaf apex acuminate. Pan-African. 66 Q. Luke Lepisanthes senegalensis (Poir.) Leenh. Luke WRQ & PA sr. Mwaluganje FR. (Aphania senegalensis (Poir.) Radlk.) Tree 10 m, leaflets usually 2, fruits fleshy, red. Pan-Tropical. Majidea zanguebarica Oliv. ssp. zanguebarica Luke WRQ sr Godoni. Tree 15 m, fruit an inflated triangular capsule, bright red inside. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Ornamental. Pancovia golungensis (Hiern) Exell & Mendonca Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2824 Godoni. Shrub or small tree 8 m, 3-5 pairs of leaflets. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Pancovia sp. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2803* (P. sp aff ugandensis & P. hildebrandtii sensu CFS) Mkongani West. Shrub 2 m, only 2 pairs of leaflets. Mentioned in FTEA as a form of P. golungensis (also Drummond RB & Hemsley JH 1130*). Paullinia pinnata L. Magogo FC & Glover PE 284 Kwale. Climber/liana 6 m, leaf rachis winged, obovoid, red. Pan-Tropical. Zanha golungensis Hiern Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2732 Longomwagandi. Tree 12 m, bark orange/brown, drupe orange. Pan-African. Rare in Kenya. Melianthaceae Bersama abyssinica Fresen. ssp. abyssinica Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2724 Longomwagandi. Tree 12 m, seeds red with yellow aril. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Anacardiaceae Lannea schweinfurthii (Engl.) Engl. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2775 var. acutifoliolata (Engl.) Kokwaro Risley's Ridge. Small tree 5 m, leaflets elliptic, apex caudate. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Lannea schweinfurthii (Engl.) Engl. var. stuhlmannii (Engl.) Kokwaro Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje FR. Tree 10 m, leaflets ovate, apex obtuse to short acuminate. Pan-African. Lannea welwitschii (Hiern) Engl. var. ciliolata Engl. Luke WRQ sr Godoni. Tree 20 m, inflorescence much branched. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Ozoroa insignis Delile ssp. reticulata (Baker f.) Gillett Magogo FC & Glover PE 133 (O. reticulata (Baker f.) R.Fern. & A.Fern.) Near Main Gate. Small tree 8 m, leaves > 10 cm, elliptic. Pan-African. Ozoroa obovata (Oliv.) R.Fern. & A.Fern. Robertson SA 4240 Golini. Small tree 5 m, leaves <10 cm, obovate. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rhus natalensis Krauss Robertson SA 4217 Golini. Small tree 4 m, leaves smell of green apples. Pan-Tropical. Checklist of the plants of the Shimba Hills, Kenya 67 Sclerocarya birrea (A.Rich.) Hochst. Gray M & Luke WRQ 271 ssp. caffra (Sond.) Kokwaro Kaya Teleza. Tree 12 m, leaflets acuminate, petiolulate. Pan-African. Specimen not found in EA. Sorindeia madagascariensis DC. Magogo FC & Estes R 1195 Madabara River. Tree 10 m, fruit on trunk or branches, orange/yellow. Pan-Tropical. Connaraceae Agelaea pentagyna (Lam.) Baill. Luke WRQ 902 Mwele-Mdogo. Climber/liana 10 m, leaflets 3, follicle red, seeds black. Pan-Tropical. Connarus longistipitatus Gilg Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2728 Longomwagandi. Climber/liana 20 m, leaflets 5-9, >10 cm, inflorescence terminal. Pan-African. Rare in Kenya. Ellipanthus madagascariensis (Schellenb.) Keraudren Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 216 (E. hemandradenioides Brenan) Shimba Hills Lodge. Small tree 8 m, unifoliate, follicles velvety yellow/brown. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rourea coccinea (Thonn.) Benth. ssp. boivinianus (Baill.) Jongkind Luke WRQ 3128 Mkongani area, KIFCON Transect 25. Climber/liana 3 m, leaflets 5-9. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rourea minor (Gaertn.) Alston Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2722 Longomwagandi. Climber/liana 20 m, leaflets 5-11, <10 cm, inflorescence axillary. Pan-African. Rare in Kenya. Rourea orientalis Baill. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 514 Mkongani North. Shrub 3 m, leaflets >13, flowers precocious. Pan-African. Araliaceae Cussonia zimmermannii Harms Marere. Tree 12 m, leaves digitate. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Magogo FC & Glover PE 680 Apiaceae (Umbelliferae) Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2753 Risley's Ridge. Herb, creeping, with petioles to 30 cm. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Ebenaceae Diospyros abyssinica (Hiern) F.White ssp. abyssinica Luke WRQ 1855 Mwele Forest. Tree 10 m, leaf glabrous, margin wavy, calyx glabrous. Pan-African. Diospyros amaniensis Gürke Luke WRQ & Kahumbu P 4546G Longomwagandi. Small tree 3 m, some leaves >20 cm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in Kenya. Vulnerable. 68 Q. Luke Diospyros bussei Gürke Dale IR K3539 (D. cornii Chiov.) Shimba Hills. Tree 15 m, trunk black, leaf hairy, apex obtuse. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Diospyros consolatae Chiov. Dale IR K3768 Mwaluganje FR. Small tree 8 m, leaf glabrous, discolorous, margin±revolute. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Diospyros greenwayi F.White Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 219 Shimba Hills Lodge. Small tree 8 m, leaf acuminate, shoots and midrib under with black hairs. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Vulnerable. Diospyros kabuyeana F.White Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 525 Mkongani North. Tree 12 m, leaves with hairs, fruit angular >3 cm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Diospyros loureiriana G.Don ssp. rufescens (Caveney) Verdc. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2779 (D. usambarensis F.White ssp. rufescens Caveney) Marere. Small tree 2.5 m, branchlets, leaves & inflorescence pubescent, apex±rounded. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Diospyros mespiliformis A.DC. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 535 Mkongani North. Tree 25 m, trunk blackish, leaves >15 cm. Pan-African. Diospyros natalensis (Harv.) Brenan Drummond RB & Hemsley JH 4018 Mwasangombe Forest. Small tree 8 m, leaves usually <2 cm. Pan-Tropical. Diospyros occulta F.White Luke WRQ 1849 Mwele Forest. Small tree 8 m, leaves±in one plane, margin wavy, midrib prominent. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in Kenya. Second for Kenya. Diospyros shimbaensis F.White Luke WRQ 1850 Mwele Forest. Tree 10 m, leaves stiff, female calyx inflated, red. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in a world sense. Endangered. First male flowers (Luke 1851, first female flowers). Diospyros squarrosa Klotzsch Luke WRQ 3141 Mkongani area, KIFCON Transect 22. Tree 10 m, trunk smooth, light brown, new leaf red. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Euclea natalensis A.DC. ssp. obovata F.White Cunningham-van Someren GR Sh9 Makadara Forest. Small tree 4 m, leaves hairy under. Pan-African. Euclea racemosa Murr. ssp. schimperi (A.DC.) F.White Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje FR. Small tree 4 m, leaves glabrous. Pan-Tropical. Sapotaceae Chrysophyllum viridifolium J.M.Wood & Franks Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 5208 Mwele-Mdogo. Tree 15 m, fruit to 3.5 cm, yellow. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Inhambanella henriquezii (Engl. & Warb.) Dubard Luke WRQ & Baer S 8242 Mwele Forest Point 254. Tree 20 m, fruit to 10 cm, bright red, 5 seeds (cf FTEA). Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Checklist of the plants of the Shimba Hills, Kenya 69 Manilkara mochisia (Baker) Dubard Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje FR. Tree 10 m, leaves tufted on spur shoots. Pan-African. Manilkara sansibarensis (Engl.) Dubard Luke WRQ 3126 Mkongani area, KIFCON Transect 26. Tree 12 m, leaves with veins impressed above. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Manilkara sp cf discolor (Sond.) J.H.Hemsl. Luke WRQ 3139A Mkongani area, Near KIFCON Transect 25, 26. Tree 12 m, leaf veins not impressed, flowers white 8 mm diameter, inner & outer calyx lobes ± equal, stamens 12, midlobe of trifid petals 1.5 x 5 mm, upstanding. Rare in a world sense? Manilkara sulcata (Engl.) Dubard Shimba Hills Survey Unit 107 Shimba Hills NR. Small tree 8 m, leaves glabrous <5 cm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Specimen not found in EA. Mimusops aedificatoria Mildbr. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 538 Mkongani North. Tree 22 m, leaves oblanceolate, apex acuminate, ca. 10 cm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rare in Kenya. Mimusops obtusifolia Lam. Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje FR. Tree 12 m, elliptic/obovate 8 cm, apex rounded/emarginated. Pan-Tropical. Mimusops somaliensis Chiov. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 211 Mwaluganje Pipeline Road. Tree 20 m, young shoots & petals rusty pubescent, leaves tufted. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Threatened by making “mbuzis”. Pouteria alnifolia (Baker) Roberty var. alnifolia Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 242B (Malacantha alnifolia (Baker) Pierre ) Mwele Mdogo. Tree 20 m, trunk fluted, leaf with “T” shaped hairs, old leaf red. Pan-African. Rare in Kenya. Sideroxylon inerme L. ssp. diospyroides (Baker) J.H.Hemsl. Luke WRQ et al. sr Mwalolo Loop. Tree 10 m, leaves obovate, fruit purple/black. Pan-Tropical. Synsepalum brevipes (Baker) Pennington Luke WRQ 1623 (Pachystela brevipes (Baker) Engl.) Mwele-Mdogo. Tree 15 m, trunk fluted, slash pink. Pan-African. Synsepalum kassneri (Engl.) Pennington Pakia M 915 (Afrosersalisia kassneri (Engl.) J.H.Hemsl.) Shimba Hills NR. Small tree 3 m. Kenya Coast endemic, Rare in a world sense. Vulnerable. Synsepalum sp cf subcordatum De Wild. Luke WRQ 1846 Mwele Forest. Tree 12 m, thin straight bole, not fluted, slash white. Kenya Coast endemic? Rare in a world sense? New for FTEA area? (=Faden 69/487 & 72/69) Synsepalum subverticillatum (E.A.Bruce) Pennington Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2804 (Pachystela subverticillata E.A.Bruce) Mkongani West. Small tree 3 m. Kenya Coast endemic. Rare in a world sense. Vulnerable. Vitellariopsis kirkii (Baker) Dubard Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 6034 Mwaluganje FR. Shrub 2.5 m, leaves tufted on shoots, fruit brown, ovoid 4 cm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Vulnerable. 70 Q. Luke Loganiaceae Mostuea brunonis F.Didr. var. brunonis Luke WRQ 889 Mwele-Mdogo. Shrub 1 m, fruit flattish bilobed, flowers white with yellow centre. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Strychnos angolensis Gilg Luke WRQ 2926 Mwele Forest. Climber/liana 12 m, leaves hairy with midrib under, tendrils single. Pan-African. Rare in Kenya. Strychnos decussata (Pappe) Gilg Robertson SA & Luke WRQ sr Mwaluganje FR. Small tree 4 m, inflorescence terminal, pistil glabrous. Pan-African. Strychnos madagascariensis Poir. form "b" Robertson SA 5657 Golini. Small tree 4 m, leaves large obovate, inflorescence axillary, pistil hairy. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rare in Kenya. Strychnos madagascariensis Poir. form “e” Ross KS 119 Marere. Small tree 4 m, leaves smaller, elliptic, inflorescence axillary, pistil hairy. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Strychnos mellodora S.Moore Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2740 Longomwagandi. Tree 12 m, flowers sweet, white in axillary & terminal panicles,fruit 12 mm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rare in Kenya. Vulnerable. Strychnos panganensis Gilg Magogo FC & Glover PE 459 Near Kivumoni Wireless Station. Climber/liana 4 m, leaves <5 cm, tendrils paired. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Strychnos scheffleri Gilg Luke WRQ 884 Mwele-Mdogo. Climber/liana 8 m, leaves >5 cm, tendrils paired. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Strychnos spinosa Lam. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2791 Mkongani North. Small tree 4 m, usually with paired spines, inflorescence terminal. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Oleaceae Jasminum fluminense Vell. Magogo FC & Glover PE 475 Kivumoni Wireless Station. Climber/liana 3 m, leaflets 3, domatia in lower vein axils. Pan-African. Jasminum grandiflorum L. ssp. floribundum (Fresen.) P.S.Green Luke WRQ et al. 6323 (J. floribundum Fresen.) Tsimba. Shrub 2 m, leaflets 5-7, glabrous. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast? Cultivated? Jasminum meyeri-johannis Engl. Magogo FC & Glover PE 713 Marere. Climber/liana 2 m, leaves simple, no domatia, glossy. Pan-African. Jasminum schimperi Vatke Luke WRQ 3157 Kidongo area, towards KIFCON Transect 19, 20, 23. Climber/liana 2 m, leaves simple, slight hairs on leaves, stem & calyx. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast? Jasminum stenolobum Rolfe Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2782 (J. tomentosum Knobl.) Mkongani North. Climber/liana 3 m, leaves pilose, simple, calyx teeth to 7 mm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Checklist of the plants of the Shimba Hills, Kenya 71 Jasminum streptopus E.Mey. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2798 Mkongani North. Climber/liana 2 m, leaves simple, glabrous or hairy, domatia present. Pan-African. Olea woodiana Knobl. ssp. disjuncta P.S.Green Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 505 (O. woodiana Knobl.) Mkongani North. Tree 10 m. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in Kenya. Apocynaceae-Apocynoideae Adenium obesum (Forssk.) Roem. & Schult. Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje FR. Shrub 2 m, flowers pink/red. Pan-African. Alafia caudata Stapf Bompre M sn (photo only) Shimba Hills. Climber/liana 10 m, leaf veins 4-9 pairs, apex acuminate. Pan-African. Alafia microstylis K.Schum. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2818 Mkongani West. Climber/liana 8 m, leaf veins 11-14 pairs, apex obtuse or blunt acuminate. Pan-African. Baissea myrtifolia (Benth.) Pichon Luke WRQ & Robertson SA sr Kivumoni area. Climber/liana 8 m, petiolar glands & domatia present, flowers yellow/pink. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic? Funtumia africana (Benth.) Stapf Luke WRQ 890* Mwele-Mdogo. Tree 15 m, latex not coagulating easily, fruit woody follicles. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Holarrhena pubescens (Buch.-Ham.) G.Don Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje FR. Tree 10 m, striking mass of white flowers, thin follicles to 40 cm. Pan-Tropical. Mascarenhasia arborescens A.DC. Magogo FC & Estes R 1206 Madabara River. Small tree 5 m, inflorescence terminal, follicles woody ca.15 cm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rare in Kenya. Pleioceras ?sp nov aff orientale Vollesen Luke WRQ & PA 8197 Below Mwele Mdogo. Tree 5 m, inflorescence terminal, flowers red/brown, follicles to 40 cm. Kenya Coast endemic? New for Kenya. Strophanthus courmontii Franch. Perdue & Kibuwa 10221 Marere. Climber/liana 10 m, stem corky ridges, flowers cream/purple without tails. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Strophanthus kombe Oliv. Luke WRQ et al. 4604G Mwaluganje. Climber/liana 8 m, leaves & branchlets hairy, flowers red/yellow with tails. Pan-African. Strophanthus zimmermannii Monach. Luke WRQ 877 Mwele-Mdogo. Climber/liana 4 m, branchlets glabrous, flowers white with yellow/red with tails. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in Kenya. Second for Kenya. 72 Q. Luke Apocynaceae-Asclepiadoideae Aspidoglossum masaicum (N.E.Br.) Kupicha Luke WRQ 3110 Near Risley's, KIFCON Transect 8. Woody herb 30 cm flowers pale, delicate. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Calotropis gigantea (L.) Dryand. Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje. Shrub 2 m, flowers purple/white, fruit inflated, apex acute. Pan-Tropical. Exotic escape. Caralluma arachnoidea (P.R.O.Bally) M.G.Gilbert Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 6029 Mwaluganje FR. Herb 40 cm, flowers maroon. Somalia/Masai endemic. Ceropegia affinis Vatke var. nov Archer PG 402 (C. racemosa N.E.Br.) Kwale 3 km NW. Climber/liana 1 m. Kenya Coast endemic. Rare in a world sense. Ceropegia ampliata E.Mey. Archer PG 401 (C. ampliata E.Mey. var. oxyloba H.Huber) Kwale NW 3 km. Climber/liana 1.2 m. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rare in Kenya. Ceropegia nilotica Kotschy Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 6060 Mwaluganje FR W boundary. Climber/liana 2 m, flowers cream with maroon/black bands & speckles. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Cryptolepis apiculata K.Schum. Saufferer 788 Kwale Forest Station W. Climber/liana 3 m, leaf base cuneate/rounded, apiculate, flowers white. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Cryptolepis hypoglauca K.Schum. Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje FR. Climber/liana 2 m, leaves auriculate, discolorous, flowers pink/mauve. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Cryptolepis sinensis (Lour.) Merr. ssp. africana Bullock Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje FR. Climber/liana 3 m, leaves with purple blotching & reticulate veins, flowers white. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rare in Kenya. Fockea angustifolia K.Schum. Luke WRQ et al. 6188 (Cynanchum omissum Bullock) Mwalolo Loop. Climber/liana 1.5 m, flowers greenish/white, follicles ca. 7.5 cm. Kenyan Somalia/Masai endemic? Rare in a world sense. First Kwale District. Gymnema sylvestre R.Br. Cunningham-van Someren GR Sh 14 Makadara. Climber/liana 2 m, flowers yellow/green small (3.5 mm), frui 70 x 8 mm. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Huernia archeri L.C.Leach Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 6014 Mwaluganje FR. Herb creeping succulent, flowers yellow/red, lobes acute. Kenya Coast endemic. Rare in a world sense. First collection since Type. Marsdenia crinita Oliv. ?ssp. nov Luke WRQ 3123 Mkongani North. Climber/liana 8 m, flowers white. Kenya Coast endemic? Rare in a world sense? First for Kenya. Det Goyder. Checklist of the plants of the Shimba Hills, Kenya 73 Marsdenia rubicunda (K.Schum.) N.E.Br. Magogo FC & Glover PE 877 (Dregea rubicunda K.Schum.) Marere. Climber/liana 4 m, leaves mealy under, fruit 4-winged. Pan-African. Mondia ecornuta (N.E.Br.) Bullock Luke WRQ 1637 Mwele-Mdogo. Climber/liana 5 m, flowers red, corona white without appendage, fruit smooth. Pan-African. Rare in Kenya. First Kwale District. Second locality Kenya? Omphalogonus calophyllus Baill. Luke WRQ et al. sr (Parquetina nigescens (Afzel.) Bullock) Kaya Chombo. Climber/liana 8 m. Pan-African. Pachycarpus bisacculatus (Oliv.) Goyder Luke WRQ 3162 (P.lineolatus sensu CFS) Near Longomwagandi. Herb 80 cm, flowers pale mauve with darker lines. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Pentarrhinum insipidum E.Mey. Magogo FC & Glover PE 967 Kwale Forest. Climber/liana 3 m, flowers yellow/green, fruit yellow with conical tubercles. Pan-African. Pergularia daemia (Forssk.) Chiov. Magogo FC & Glover PE 868 Near Marere. Climber/liana 3 m, flowers green/white, follicles with soft ornaments. Pan-Tropical. Stathmostelma pauciflorum (Klotzsch) K.Schum. Dale IR K3544 Near Mwele. Woody herb 50 cm, pedicels <2 cm, flowers red/orange, corolla reflexed. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rare in Kenya. Stathmostelma pedunculatum (Decne.) K.Schum. Magogo FC & Glover PE 120 Longomwagandi. Woody herb 60 cm, pedicels >4 cm, flowers red/orange, corolla spreading. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. ?Tylophora anomala N.E.Br. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2738 (T. sp B of UKWF?) Longomwagandi. Climber/liana 2 m, leaves discolorous, semi-succulent. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rare on the Kenyan coast. First K7? Tylophora conspicua N.E.Br. Luke WRQ & Pakia M 7458 Near Risley's Ridge. Climber/liana 3 m, flowers maroon with white corona. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rare in Kenya. First for Kenya. Tylophora tenuipedunculata K.Schum. Archer PG 511. Near Mkurumuji River Climber/liana 3 m, inflorescence delicate, flowers maroon. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rare in Kenya. Altitude given as 100 ft? Xysmalobium stocksii N.E.Br. Luke WRQ 3098B Near Longomwagandi. Herb 40 cm, flowers beige. Somalia/Masai endemic. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Apocynaceae-Rauvolfioideae Ancylobotrys petersiana (Klotzsch) Pierre Golini. Climber/liana 3 m, leaf veins 4-9 pairs, apex rounded/acute. Pan-African. Robertson SA 4227 74 Q. Luke Ancylobotrys tayloris (Stapf) Pichon Luke WRQ et al. 6196 Kwale. Climber/liana 8 m, leaf veins 19-40 pairs, apex acuminate. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in Kenya. Carissa spinarum L. Luke WRQ & PA sr (C.edulis (Forssk.) Vahl) Mwaluganje FR. Shrub 2 m, flowers 5-merous. Pan-Tropical. Carissa tetramera (Sacleux) Stapf Robertson SA & Luke WRQ sr Mwaluganje FR. Shrub 2 m, flowers 4-merous. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Carvalhoa campanulata K.Schum. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2727* Longomwagandi. Shrub 2 m, follicles yellow/green, ca. 5 cm, dangling. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rare in Kenya. Dictyophleba lucida (K.Schum.) Pierre Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 234 Mwele Forest. Climber/liana 10 m, leaf base cordate. Pan-African. Rare in Kenya. Hunteria zeylanica (Retz.) Thwaites Omino EA 89 Shimba Lodge. Small tree 5 m, flowers terminal. Pan-Tropical. Landolphia kirkii Dyer Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2821 Lukore 3 km W. Climber/liana 3 m, leaves with close straight veins, inflorescence many flowers, terminal. Pan-African. Landolphia watsoniana Romburgh Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2820 Mkongani West. Climber/liana 10 m, inflorescence few flowers in axil, cymes. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in Kenya. Pleiocarpa pycnantha (K.Schum.) Stapf Luke WRQ 893A* Mwele-Mdogo. Tree 5 m, some leaves in 3’s, flowers axillary. Pan-African. Rauvolfia mombasiana Stapf Mussa Mandia 64 Mwele-Mdogo. Small tree 4 m, leaves whorled, pedicels >2 mm, fruit <10 mm, orange. Pan-African. Saba comorensis (Bojer) Pichon Magogo FC & Glover PE 145 Pengo. Climber/liana 20 m, fruit yellowish±10 cm. Pan-African. Schizozygia coffaeoides Baill. Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 5184 Shimba Hills Lodge. Shrub 2 m, flowers cream, follicles orange, dehiscent. Pan-African. Tabernaemontana elegans Stapf Magogo FC & Glover PE 746 Marere. Small tree 6 m, fruit prominently speckled, <10 cm, ridged. Pan-African. Tabernaemontana pachysiphon Stapf Magogo FC & Glover PE 201 Longomwagandi. Small tree 8 m, fruit subglobose to 15 cm, no ridges. Pan-African. Rare in Kenya? Voacanga africana Stapf Luke WRQ & PA 5403 Clark Plot. Small tree 4 m, fruit speckled, sub-globose. <8 cm, no ridges. Pan-African. Rare in Kenya. Checklist of the plants of the Shimba Hills, Kenya 75 Apocynaceae-Secamonoideae ?Secamone parvifolia (Oliv.) Bullock Robertson SA & Luke WRQ sr Mwaluganje FR. Climber/liana 5 m, old stems 2-wing, flowers cream, stigma not dilated. Pan-African? Secamone punctulata Decne. Graham RM FD2004 Kwale. Climber/liana 10 m, inflorescence congested, flowers orangey, stigma dilated. Pan-African. Secamone retusa N.E.Br. Magogo FC & Glover PE 840 Kivumoni area. Climber/liana 3 m, leaves stiff, inrolled , apex round/retuse, inflorescence lax. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Apocynaceae-Periplocoideae Tacazzea apiculata Oliv. Luke WRQ et al. sr Mwalolo Loop. Climber/liana 4 m, leaves apiculate, flowers reddish. Pan-African. Rubiaceae Afrocanthium kilifiense (Bridson) Lantz Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2789 (Canthium kilifiense Bridson) Mkongani North. Small tree 2 m, stipules to 6 mm, fruit heart shaped. Kenya Coast endemic. Vulnerable. Afrocanthium pseudoverticillatum (S.Moore) Lantz Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2790 ssp. pseudoverticillatum (Canthium pseudoverticillatum S.Moore ssp. pseudoverticillatum) Mkongani North. Small tree 3 m, stipules to 4 mm, leaves mostly with scabrid edges. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Vulnerable. Agathisanthemum bojeri Klotzsch var. bojeri Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2757 Risley's Ridge. Woody herb 50 cm, flowers white. Pan-Tropical. Aidia sp nov Luke WRQ 8317 (Aidia sp of FTEA) Mwele. Small tree 8 m, inflorescence unilateral, axillary, supporting leaf often reduced. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in a world sense. Second for Kenya (=Luke 2948). Breonadia salicina (Vahl) Hepper & J.R.I.Wood Luke WRQ 3597 (B. microcephala (Delile) Ridsdale) Mwachemwana River. Tree 15 m, flowers in round heads ca. 2.5 cm diameter. Pan-Tropical. Calycosiphonia spathicalyx (K.Schum.) Robbr. Luke WRQ 8330 Longomwagandi Edge. Small tree 3 m, stems reddish, calyx split on one side. Pan-African. Rare in Kenya. Canthium glaucum Hiern ssp. glaucum Luke WRQ 3159 Kidongo area, KIFCON Transect 23. Small tree 2.5 m, pale arching branches with spines. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in Kenya. First Kwale District. Conf A. Davis. Canthium mombazense Baill. Spjut RW 4579 Godoni. Small tree 2 m, stipules to 11 mm, leaves to 13 cm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. 76 Q. Luke Canthium setiflorum Hiern ssp. telidosma (K.Schum.) Bridson Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2808 Mkongani West. Shrub 3 m, stipules to 4 mm, leaves <3 cm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in Kenya. Catunaregam nilotica (Stapf) Tirveng. Robertson SA 3530 Pengo Hill. Small tree 2 m, spiny, leaves obovate, usually glabrous, flowers to 15 mm. Pan-African. Catunaregam sp nov Luke WRQ 8332A (C. spinosa sensu KTSL) Mwele Forest. Small tree 2 m, few spines, leaves mostly elliptic, usually hairy. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic? Chassalia umbraticola Vatke ssp. umbraticola Luke WRQ 8321 Longomwagandi Edge. Shrub 1.5 m, flowers white/purple, tube to 2 cm, winged. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Chazaliella abrupta (Hiern) Petit & Verdc. var. abrupta Magogo FC & Glover PE 375 Longomwagandi. Shrub 1.5 m, flowers in pedunculate heads, bright yellow. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Chazaliella abrupta (Hiern) Petit & Verdc. ?var. parvifolia Verdc. Luke WRQ et al. sr Kaya Teleza. Shrub 1 m, leaves smaller <4 cm. Kenya Coast endemic? Coffea pseudozanguebariae Bridson Luke WRQ 3479 Godoni. Shrub 2 m, leaves with domatia, flowers 6-8 merous, pedicel >2 mm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Vulnerable. Coffea sessiliflora Bridson ssp. sessiliflora Luke WRQ 3478 Godoni. Shrub 1.5 m, leaves usually with domatia, flowers 5-merous, pedicel <2 mm. Kenya Coast endemic. Coptosperma graveolens (S. Moore) Degreef Ross KS 126 (Tarenna graveolens (S.Moore) Bremek. var. graveolens) Near Marere. Shrub 2 m, stipules black, flowers cream, terminal. Pan-African. Coptosperma supra-axillare (Hemsl.) Degreef Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 6008 (Tarenna supra-axillaris (Hemsl.) Bremek. ssp. supra-axillaris) Mwaluganje FR. Shrub 1.5 m, veins prominent above, inflorescence above leaf axils & terminal. Pan-Tropical. Cremaspora triflora (Thonn.) K.Schum. Magogo FC &Glover PE 76 ssp. confluens (K.Schum.) Verdc. Longomwagandi area. Shrub 2.5 m, pseudo-stipules on stem, fruit in clusters, beaked. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Crossopteryx febrifuga (G.Don) Benth. Luke WRQ 8323 Longomwagandi Edge. Small tree 5 m, white flowers in dense terminal panicle, fruit globose. ca. 6 mm. Pan-African. Didymosalpinx norae (Swynn.) Keay Luke WRQ 878 Mwele-Mdogo. Climber/liana 4 m, spiny, cream flowers obconic ca.10 cm, hanging. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rare in Kenya. Diodia sarmentosa Sw. Drummond RB & Hemsley JH 1205 Kwale SW. Woody herb trailing 1.5 m, stems squarish, flowers axillary, pinkish. Pan-Tropical. Rare in Kenya. Checklist of the plants of the Shimba Hills, Kenya 77 Gardenia posoquerioides S.Moore Luke WRQ 1649 Mwele Forest. Shrub 2 m, flowers upright ca.13 cm, fruit 6-ribbed with long sepals. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rare in Kenya. Gardenia ternifolia Schumach. & Thonn. Bally PRO & Smith 14346 ssp. jovis-tonantis (Welw.) Verdc. var. jovis-tonantis (Welw.) Aubrev. Buffalo Ridge. Small tree 2 m, flowers cream turning yellow, fruit not ribbed. Pan-African. Geophila obvallata (Schumach.) F.Didr. ssp. ioides (K.Schum.) Verdc. Luke WRQ 1631 Mwele-Mdogo. Herb 10 cm, creeping, flowers white in bracteate heads, fruit red. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rare in Kenya. Geophila repens (L.) I.M.Johnstone Magogo FC & Glover PE 806 Longomwagandi. Herb 10 cm, creeping, flowers usually single, fruit red. Pan-Tropical. Heinsenia diervilleoides K.Schum. ssp. diervilleoides Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2734 Longomwagandi. Small tree 8 m, leaves with pink veins, flowers white speckled pink. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Heinsia crinita (Afzel.) G.Taylor Magogo FC & Glover PE 865 ssp. parvifolia (K.Schum. & K.Krause) Verdc. Kwale. Shrub 2 m, star-shaped white flowers 15 mm diameter, tube ca. 2 cm. Pan-African. Heinsia zanzibarica (Bojer) Verdc. Luke WRQ 8322 Longomwagandi Edge. Shrub 2.5 m, flowers as H. crinita but leaves >10 cm, pubescent. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Hymenodictyon parvifolium Oliv. ssp. parvifolium Robertson SA 4234 Golini. Small tree 4 m, inflorescence spicate, fruit brown, lenticellate, dehiscent capsule. Pan-African. Ixora narcissodora K.Schum. Luke WRQ 8324 Longomwagandi Edge. Shrub 3 m, pinkish flowers in terminal panicles, tubes ca. 5 cm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Keetia gueinzii (Sond.) Bridson Magogo FC & Glover PE 571 Risley’s Ridge. Climber/liana 3 m, ±hairy, leaf base subcordate. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Keetia venosa (Oliv.) Bridson Magogo FC & Glover PE 66 Longomwagandi. Climber/liana 4 m, leaf base obtuse/rounded, tertiary veins close reticulate. Pan-African. Rare in Kenya. Keetia zanzibarica (Klotzsch) Bridson ssp. zanzibarica Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 223 Road to Mwele. Climber/liana 4 m, leaf base obtuse/rounded, tertiary veins spaced. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Kohautia caespitosa Schnizl. ssp. amaniensis (K.Krause) Verdc. Magogo FC & Glover PE 666 Woody herb 50 cm, flowers cream/beige, stigma with 2 filiform lobes. Pan-African. Specimen not found in EA. Kohautia longifolia Klotzsch Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 6055 (incl. var. effusa (Oliver) Verdc. and var. vestita Bremek. vide Verdc. in FZ 5(1)) Mwaluganje FR. Woody herb 60 cm, flowers mauve, lobes <5 mm, capsule glabrous. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. 78 Q. Luke Kohautia obtusiloba (Hiern) Bremek. Magogo FC & Glover PE 995 Kwale-Mombasa. Woody herb 50 cm, flowers scarlet, corolla lobes ca. 8 x 4 mm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Kohautia virgata (Willd.) Bremek. Magogo FC & Glover PE 473 Kivumoni. Woody herb 50 cm, flowers pinkish, lobes <2 mm, without throat hairs. Pan-African. Kraussia speciosa Bullock Magogo FC & Glover PE 435 Longomwagandi. Small tree 8 m, twigs ± square, leafbase round, inflorescence lax, axillary panicle. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Vulnerable. Lagynias pallidiflora Bullock Luke WRQ & Kahumbu P 4546D Longomwagandi. Small tree 5 m, flowers yellowish, sepals look like petals. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in Kenya. Vulnerable. Lamprothamnus zanguebaricus Hiern Kokwaro JO 3984 Godoni Forest. Small tree 5 m, leaves stiff, leafbase cordate, flowers white, dense panicles. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Leptactina platyphylla (Hiern) Wernh. Robertson SA 4671 Mwele-Mdogo. Small tree 5 m, leafy stipules, flowers white, tube 10 cm, lobes 5 cm. Pan-African. Meyna tetraphylla (Hiern) Robyns Robertson SA & Luke WRQ sr ssp. comorensis (Robyns) Verdc. (Canthium tetraphyllum (Hiern) Baill. ssp. comorensis (Robyns) Verdc.) Shimba Hills Lodge. Small tree 3 m, spiny, fruit square. Pan-Tropical. Mitracarpus hirtus (L.) DC. Luke WRQ & PA 5692 (M. villosus (Sw.) DC.) Mwaluganje. Herb 30 cm, inflorescence sublobose at nodes, seeds with “X”. Pan-Tropical. Multidentia sclerocarpa (K.Schum.) Bridson Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2784 Mkongani North. Shrub 3 m, flowering precocious, flowers greenish, fruit 1-2 lobed. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in Kenya. Vulnerable. Mussaenda monticola K.Krause var. monticola Luke WRQ et al. 4723 Longomwagandi. Shrub 3 m, flowers orange with enlarged yellow calyx lobe. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in Kenya. Oldenlandia affinis (Roem. & Schult.) DC. Magogo FC &.Glover PE 1030 ssp. fugax (Vatke) Verdc. Makadara. Woody herb, trailing 60 cm, flowers purple/blue. Pan-African. Oldenlandia fastigiata Bremek. var. fastigiata Luke WRQ & PA 5723 Mwaluganje. Woody herb 40 cm, clumped, flowers many at nodes, white. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Oldenlandia goreensis (DC.) Summerh. var. trichocaule Bremek. Magogo FC & Glover PE 378 Longomwagandi area. Herb 20 cm, leaves elliptic/ovate, inflorescence terminal sessile, flowers white. Pan-African. Rare in Kenya. Oldenlandia herbacea (L.) Roxb. var. herbacea Thulin M 301 Pengo Hill. Herb 40 cm, erect, branched, leaves linear, 1-2 at nodes, pedicel 3 cm. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Checklist of the plants of the Shimba Hills, Kenya 79 Oldenlandia johnstonii (Oliv.) Engl. ssp. A of FTEA Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2702 Buffalo Ridge. Herb 20 cm, leaves ovate, flowers in “panicle of heads”, white. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Oldenlandia lancifolia (Schumach.) DC. var. scabridula Bremek. Luke WRQ & Pakia M 7459 Near Risley's Ridge. Herb 40 cm, trailing, leaves linear/lanceolate, flowers solitary, thin pedicels to 3 cm. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. ?Oldenlandia wiedemannii K.Schum. var. wiedemannii Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje FR. Herb 30 cm, leaves linear/lanceolate, inflorescence capitate, flowers white. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region? Rare on the Kenyan coast. Oxyanthus pyriformis (Hochst.) Skeels ssp. longitubus Bridson Herbarium Techniques Course II-099 Longomwagandi. Small tree 3 m, inflorescence lax, corolla tube 16 cm. Kenya Coast endemic. Rare in a world sense. Oxyanthus zanguebaricus (Hiern) Bridson Luke WRQ et al. 3329 Kaya Teleza. Shrub 1.5 m, inflorescence compact, corolla tube 11 cm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Pachystigma loranthifolium (K.Schum.) Verdc. ssp. loranthifolium Luke WRQ 9464 Mwaluganje. Small tree 3 m, flowers yellow/orange. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Pavetta crebrifolia Hiern var. crebrifolia Spjut RW 4584 Godoni Forest. Shrub 1.5 m, leaves glabrous, calyx lobes 8.5 x 1 mm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Pavetta sansibarica K.Schum. Luke WRQ et al. 4720 ssp. trichosphaera (Bremek.) Bridson var. trichosphaera Longomwagandi. Shrub 3 m, stiff hairy, calyx lobes 3 x 0.5 mm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in Kenya. Pavetta stenosepala K.Schum. ssp. stenosepala Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 517 Mkongani North. Shrub 1 m, leaves hairy under, calyx lobes filiform 12 mm long. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Pavetta tarennoides S.Moore Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2719 Longomwagandi. Shrub 4 m, glabrous, calyx lobes 4 x 0.75 mm. Kenya Coast endemic. Rare in a world sense. Vulnerable. Pavetta uniflora Bremek. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2810 Mkongani West. Shrub 3 m, flowers solitary, calyx 9 x 1 mm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Pentas bussei K.Krause Luke WRQ & PA 5697 Mwaluganje. Woody herb 1 m, leaves >3 cm wide, flowers vermilion/scarlet. Pan-African. Pentas parvifolia Hiern forma parvifolia Luke WRQ et al. 5418 Kaya Chombo. Shrub 1.2 m, leaves <2 cm wide, flowers bright red. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Pentas zanzibarica (Klotzsch) Vatke var. zanzibarica Luke WRQ 8319 Mwele Forest. Woody herb 1 m, flowers lilac to mauve. Pan-African. Pentodon pentandrus (Schumach. & Thonn.) Vatke Luke WRQ &.PA 5732 var. minor Bremek. Mwaluganje. Herb 30 cm, corolla tube 4 mm, lobes 1.5 mm. Pan-Tropical. 80 Q. Luke Pentodon pentandrus (Schumach. & Thonn.) Vatke Luke WRQ & PA 5731 var. pentandrus Mwaluganje. Herb 30 cm, flowers light blue, corolla tube <2 mm, lobes <1 mm. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Polysphaeria multiflora Hiern ssp. multiflora Luke WRQ & Robertson SA sr Kivumoni area. Small tree 2.5 m, inflorescence completely glabrous. Pan-Tropical. Polysphaeria parvifolia Hiern Robertson SA 4229 Golini. Shrub 1.2 m, flowers densely pubescent. Pan-African. Psychotria amboniana K.Schum. var. amboniana Robertson SA 4231 Golini. Shrub 1 m, nodules on midrib near base, flowers white. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Psychotria capensis (Eckl.) Vatke Verdc. Luke WRQ 1629 ssp. riparia (K.Schum. & K.Krause) Verdc. var. puberula (Petit) (Psychotria riparia (K.Schum. & K.Krause) Petit var. puberula Petit) Mwele-Mdogo. Small tree 3 m, leaves glossy, hairy under, nodules absent. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Psychotria capensis (Eckl.) Vatke Luke WRQ sr ssp. riparia (K.Schum. & K.Krause) Verdc. var. riparia (Psychotria riparia (K.Schum. & K.Krause) Petit var. riparia) Chitsanze Sacred Grove. Small tree 2 m, glabrous, nodules absent. Pan-African. Psychotria faucicola K.Schum. Luke WRQ 868 Mwele-Mdogo. Shrub 1 m, nodules scattered, fruits red/orange, dangling. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Psychotria holtzii (K.Schum.) Petit Magogo FC & Glover PE 227 (incl. P. holtzii var. pubescens Verdc.) Marere Hill. Shrub 1 m, nodules on midrib base, flowers in fascicles. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Psychotria lauracea (K.Schum.) Petit Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 245 Mwele-Mdogo. Shrub 2 m, inflorescence peduncle flattened. Pan-African. Psychotria leucopoda Petit Luke WRQ 897 Mwele-Mdogo. Shrub 3 m, leaves with streaks along mid-rib, calyx limb >1 mm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Psychotria punctata Vatke var. tenuis Petit Saufferer S 801 Kwale Forest Station W. Shrub 1.5 m. Kenya Coast endemic. Psychotria schliebenii Petit Magogo FC & Glover PE 259 (incl. var. sessilipaniculata Petit & var. parvipaniculata Petit) Longomwagandi. Shrub 1 m, nodules faint along midrib, calyx limb <0.8 mm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rare in Kenya? Psychotria tanganyicensis Verdc. ssp. tanganyicensis var. tanganyicensis Luke WRQ 1847 Mwele Forest. Shrub 1 m, flowers white in capitate inflorescence, fruit blue. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rare in Kenya. Checklist of the plants of the Shimba Hills, Kenya 81 Psydrax faulknerae Bridson Magogo FC & Glover PE 726 Marere. Small tree 5 m, inflorescence stalked, leaves with domatia. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Vulnerable. Psydrax polhillii Bridson Luke WRQ 9466 Mwaluganje. Small tree 4 m, leaves on spur shoots, inflorescence subsessile, flowers many. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Psydrax recurvifolia (Bullock) Bridson Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 5993 Mwaluganje FR. Small tree 2 m, leaves with recuved margin, inflorescence sessile, few flowered. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in Kenya. First Kwale District? Psydrax robertsoniae Bridson Luke WRQ 3142 Mkongani area, towards KIFCON Transect 24. Small tree 3 m, leaves on normal branches, flowers many, subsessile. Kenya Coast endemic, Rare in a world sense. First Kwale District. Psydrax schimperiana (A.Rich.) Bridson ssp. schimperiana Moomaw JC 1077 Kwale 3 km W. Small tree 8 m, stems square, leaves shiny, flowers many, subsessile. Pan-African. Pyrostria bibracteata (Baker) Cavaco Magogo FC & Glover PE 294 Kwale. Small tree 8 m, leaves >4 cm, inflorescence from between paired bracts. Pan-Tropical. Pyrostria phyllanthoidea (Baill.) Bridson Robertson SA & Luke WRQ sr Mwaluganje FR. Small tree 4 m, leaves <4 cm, inflorescence from between paired bracts. Pan-African. Rothmannia macrosiphon (Engl.) Bridson Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 235 Mwele Forest. Small tree 5 m, tubular flowers white with maroon, hanging ca. 20 cm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Vulnerable. Rothmannia ravae (Chiov.) Bridson Luke WRQ 2932 Mwele Forest. Tree 10 m, flowers cream with purple spots, flowers to 7 cm, upright? Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rutidea fuscescens Hiern ssp. fuscescens Luke WRQ 895 Mwele-Mdogo. Climber/liana 4 m, stipules entire, flowers white, fruits round, orange. Pan-African. Rare in Kenya. First for Kenya. Rytigynia celastroides (Baill.) Verdc. var. celastroides Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2795 (Rytigynia microphylla (K.Schum.) Robyns ) Mkongani North. Shrub 3 m, branches in 3's, leaves evenly hairy. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rytigynia decussata (K.Schum.) Robyns Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 5183 Shimba Hills Lodge. Shrub 1.5 m, leaves velvet woolly below. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in Kenya. First for Kenya. Rytigynia mrimaensis Verdc. Luke WRQ & PA 4386 (Canthium mrimaense (Verdc.) Lantz) Mwaluganje Elephant Sanctuary. Shrub 3 m, spiny, leaf base rounded. Kenya Coast endemic. Spermacoce filituba (K.Schum.) Verdc. Magogo FC & Glover PE 715 Marere. Woody herb 60 cm, flowers white with thin tubes ca. 1 cm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. 82 Q. Luke Spermacoce laevis Lam. Magogo FC & Glover PE 661 (S. assurgens Ruiz & Pav.) Kwale. Herb 30 cm, leaves elliptic/lanceolate, many flowers terminal/axillary sessile clusters. Pan-Tropical. Rare in Kenya. Spermacoce pusilla Wall. McKeag in EAH 9180 Kwale. Herb 30 cm, leaf linear/lanceolate, inflorescence spherical 1 cm clusters at nodes. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Tarenna drummondii Bridson Luke WRQ & Kahumbu P 4546F Longomwagandi. Small tree 5 m, glabrous, tertiary veins above, stipules obtuse/acute, domatia occasionally present. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Vulnerable. Tarenna sp cf pavettoides (Harv.) Sim Cunningham-van Someren GR Sh245 ssp. friesiorum (K.Krause) Bridson Shimba Hills. Small tree 5 m, tertiary veins not visible above, stipules acuminate, domatia present. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Tricalysia bridsoniana Robbr. ssp. bridsoniana Luke WRQ 9463 Mwaluganje. Shrub 1.5 m, leaves glabrous, flowers & fruits solitary. Kenya Coast endemic. Rare in a world sense. Tricalysia microphylla Hiern Luke WRQ 9457 Mwele Forest. Small tree 2 m, fruit 1 cm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Tricalysia ovalifolia Hiern var. glabrata (Oliv.) Brenan Luke WRQ et al. sr Kaya Teleza. Shrub 1.5 m, flowers long stalked. Pan-Tropical. Tricalysia pallens Hiern Luke WRQ 867 Mwele-Mdogo. Shrub 3 m, fruit ca. 5 mm. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Uncaria africana G.Don ssp. africana Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2752 Risley's Ridge. Climber/liana 10 m, curled spines at nodes, flowers in globose heads. Pan-Tropical. Rare in Kenya? First Kwale District. Vangueria infausta Burch. Magogo FC &.Glover PE 181 ssp. rotundata (Robyns) Verdc. var. rotundata Longomwagandi. Small tree 3 m, leaves dense hairy, calyx lobes <2 mm, fruit brown. Pan-African. Vangueria randii S.Moore ssp. acuminata Verdc. Magogo FC & Glover PE 437 Kwale Forest. Shrub 1.5 m, leaves scabrid, calyx lobes >3 mm, fruit yellow. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Vangueriopsis ?sp nov Luke WRQ 8316 Mwele Forest. Small tree 8 m, stipules 27 mm, sepals & petals 3 cm. Kenya Coast endemic? New species? Compositae (Asteraceae) Achyrothalamus marginatus O.Hoffm. Near Marere. Woody herb 1 m, flowers pale yellow. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Magogo FC & Glover PE 937* Checklist of the plants of the Shimba Hills, Kenya 83 Acmella uliginosa (Sw.) Cass. Luke WRQ & PA 6032* (Spilanthes uliginosa Sw.) Mwaluganje. Herb 30 cm, stems pink, flowers yellow. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rare in Kenya. Second for Kenya. First K7. Adenostemma viscosum J.R.Forst. & G.Forst. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2755* (A. perottetii DC.) Risley's Ridge. Herb 50 cm, in water, flowers pale mauve. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Ageratum conyzoides L. Magogo FC & Glover PE 371 Longomwagandi area. Herb 30 cm, flowers mauve. Pan-Tropical. Aspilia mossambicensis (Oliv.) Wild Magogo FC & Glover PE 325* Longomwagandi. Shrub 2 m, leaves scabrid, flowers yellow. Pan-African. Bidens pilosa L. Magogo FC & Glover PE 825 Kwale. Herb 40 cm, rays white or cream. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Bidens schimperi Walp. Gillett 18677* Pengo. Herb 40 cm, leaves glandular punctate, rays yellow, arista 4 mm. Pan-African. Bidens taylorii (S.Moore) Sherff Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 6051 Mwaluganje FR. Woody herb 60 cm, rays yellow, arista 2 mm. Pan-African. Blumea axillaris (Lam.) DC. Magogo FC & Glover PE 526* (B. sp1 of CFS) Giriama Point. Woody herb 40 cm, flowers white. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Brachylaena huillensis O.Hoffm. Robertson SA & Luke WRQ sr Mwaluganje FR. Tree 12 m. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Conyza bonariensis (L.) Cronquist Magogo FC & Glover PE 344 Longomwagandi. Woody herb 1.2 m. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Crassocephalum crepidioides (Benth.) S.Moore Luke WRQ et al. 4728 Mwele-Mdogo. Woody herb 50 cm, flowers maroon. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Eclipta prostrata (L.) L. Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje FR. Woody herb 40 cm, flowers white. Pan-Tropical. Emilia coccinea (Sims) G.Don Cunningham-van Someren GR Sh41 (Emilia javanica sensu Agnew) Makadara. Herb 50 cm, flowers orange. Pan-Tropical. Ethulia angustifolia DC. Robertson SA & Luke WRQ sr Mwaluganje FR. Woody herb 1 m, flowers mauve. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. 84 Q. Luke Gutenbergia pembensis S.Moore Magogo FC & Glover PE 1084 Kwale Forest. Woody herb 30 cm, leaves discolorous, flowers purple. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Gynura scandens O.Hoffm. Magogo FC & Glover PE 975 Kwale Forest. Climber/liana 3 m, fleshy, flowers orange. Pan-African. Kleinia abyssinica (A.Rich.) A.Berger ?var. hildebrandtii (Vatke) C.Jeffrey Graham RM 2023 Kwale? Herb 30 cm, succulent, flowers red. Pan-African. Specimen not found but most likely this var. Laggera brevipes Oliv. & Hiern Magogo FC & Glover PE 1137 (Blumea brevipes (Oliv. & Hiern) Wild) Longomwagandi area. Woody herb 1 m, flowers pink. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Launaea cornuta (Oliv. & Hiern) C.Jeffrey Magogo FC & Glover PE 813* Kwale. Herb 1 m, flowers yellow. Pan-African. Launaea nana (Baker) Chiov. Luke WRQ et al. 4604E Longomwagandi outside. Herb, leafless 10 cm. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. First K7. Microglossa hildebrandtii O.Hoffm. Magogo FC & Glover PE 737 Near Marere. Climber/liana 3 m, flowers white rays with greenish tubular florets. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Mikania chenopodifolia Willd. Magogo FC & Glover PE 1126 Makadara. Climber/liana 3 m, flowers white. Pan-African. Pluchea dioscoridis (L.) DC. Sangai GW EA15795 Longomwagandi area. Shrub 1.5 m, flowers pinkish, phyllaries not glandular. Pan-Tropical. Pluchea sordida (Vatke) Oliv. & Hiern Kuchar P 11974 Road from Kwale (250 m). Woody herb 70 cm, flowers pink/purple, phyllaries glandular. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Pseudoconyza viscosa (Mill.) D'Arcy Magogo FC & Glover PE 388 (Blumea aurita (L.f.) DC.) Longomwagandi area. Woody herb 1 m, flowers pinkish. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Sigesbeckia orientalis L. Greenway PJ 9178 Kwale. Woody herb 60 cm, phyllary with stalked glands, rays yellow 1.5 mm. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Solanecio angulatus (Vahl) C.Jeffrey Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje FR. Climber/liana 3 m, fleshy, leaf auricles clasping stem, flowers yellow. Pan-Tropical. Solanecio cydoniifolius (O.Hoffm.) C.Jeffrey van Someren VGL Sh 3 Makadara. Climber/liana 4 m, grey/green, flowers yellow. Pan-African. Sphaeranthus africanus L. Luke WRQ 2938* Mwele Forest. Woody herb 1 m, stems winged, flowers green/white. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in Kenya. Checklist of the plants of the Shimba Hills, Kenya 85 Sphaeranthus kirkii Oliv. & Hiern var. kirkii Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje. Woody herb 50 cm, flowers heads globose, purple. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Synedrella nodiflora (L.) Gaertn. Magogo FC & Glover PE 722 Marere. Woody herb 1 m, flowers in axillary glomerules, rays yellow, 3 mm. Pan-Tropical. Tridax procumbens L. Magogo FC & Glover PE 723* Marere. Herb 30 cm, rays pale yellow. Pan-Tropical. Vernonia aemulans Vatke Magogo FC & Glover PE 716* Marere. Woody herb 60 cm, flowers purple. Pan-African. Vernonia cinerea (L.) Less. var. cinerea Luke WRQ & PA 5691 Mwaluganje. Woody herb 20 cm, flowers purple. Pan-Tropical. Vernonia colorata (Willd.) W.F.M.Drake Magogo FC &.Glover PE 1142 ssp. grandis (DC.) C.Jeffrey Longomwagandi. Shrub 4 m, flowers pale pink. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Vernonia hildebrandtii Vatke Magogo FC & Glover PE 171 Longomwagandi area. Climber/liana 3 m, flowers pale mauve. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Vernonia wakefieldii Oliv. Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje FR. Shrub 1.2 m, flowers blue/green. Pan-African. Vernonia zanzibarensis Less. Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 5152 Shimba Hills Lodge. Climber/liana 3 m, leaves scabrid, flowers white. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Vernonia zanzibarensis Less. X V. hildebrandtii Vatke Moomaw JC 1287 Climber/liana 1.5 m, tube florets with a few apical hairs. Kenya Coast endemic? Rare in a world sense. Gentianaceae Canscora decussata (Roxb.) Roem. & Schult. Luke WRQ 3316 Sheldrick Falls area. Herb 30 cm, flowers white. Pan-Tropical. Rare in Kenya. Enicostema axillare (Lam.) A.Raynal ssp. axillare Magogo FC & Glover PE 1049 Vuga-Tiwi. Herb 20 cm, flowers white. Pan-Tropical. Exacum oldenlandioides (S.Moore) Klack. Magogo FC & Glover PE 357. (E. quinquenervium sensu Baker & N.E.Br. pro parte non Griseb.) Longomwagandi area. Herb 40 cm, flowers purple, calyx winged. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rare in Kenya. Sebaea platyptera (Baker) Boutique Luke WRQ et al. 7455 Near Longomwagandi. Herb 20 cm, flowers yellow, calyx winged. Pan-African. Rare in Kenya. First for Kenya. Vollesen determined this as S. grandis, but corolla tube 12-13 mm and lobes 3 mm, see FTEA. 86 Q. Luke Campanulaceae Wahlenbergia abyssinica (A.Rich.) Thulin ssp. abyssinica Magogo FC & Glover PE 121 Longomwagandi area. Herb 70 cm, inflorescence lax, flowers white/blue. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Wahlenbergia napiformis (A.DC.) Thulin Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2823 Kidongo 4 km NE. Herb 30 cm, inflorescence condensed, flowers pale mauve. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Sphenocleaceae Sphenoclea zeylanica Gaertn. Mwaluganje FR. Woody herb 1 m, flowers spikes white. Pan-Tropical. Rare in Kenya. Lobeliaceae Lobelia fervens Thunb. ssp. fervens (L. anceps L.f.) Marere. Herb 20 cm, flowers blue. Pan-Tropical. Luke WRQ & PA 4575 Magogo FC & Glover PE 734 Boraginaceae Cordia faulknerae Verdc. Robertson SA & Luke WRQ sr Mwaluganje FR. Climber/liana 6 m, leaves often bunched, flowers cream. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Cordia goetzei Gürke Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje FR. Small tree 8 m, trunk characteristically angled, smooth grey. Pan-African. Cordia monoica Roxb. Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje FR. Small tree 8 m, leaves scabrid, flowers cream. Pan-Tropical. Ehretia amoena Klotzsch Luke WRQ et al. 6192 Mwalolo Loop. Small tree 3 m, leaves scabrid, flowers white. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Ehretia bakeri Britten Shimba Hills Survey Unit 84 Shimba Hills NR. Small tree 3 m, leaves smooth, ±glabrous, flowers white. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Ehretia cymosa Thonn. var. silvatica (Gürke) Brenan Luke WRQ 3073 Mwele-Mdogo. Tree 15 m, leaves smooth, inflorescence pubescent, flowers white. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rare on the Kenyan coast. First K7. Lowest altitude. Heliotropium strigosum Willd. Graham RM 1901 Kwale? Woody herb 20 cm, flowers white. Pan-Tropical. Hilsenbergia nemoralis (Gürke) J.S.Mill. Magogo FC & Glover PE 727 (Bourreria nemoralis (Gürke) Thulin) Near Marere. Small tree 5 m, leaves densely hairy above. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Checklist of the plants of the Shimba Hills, Kenya Hilsenbergia petiolaris (Lam.) J.S.Mill. (Bourreria petiolaris (Lam.) Thulin) Mwaluganje FR. Small tree 5 m, leaves glabrous above. Pan-Tropical. Hilsenbergia teitensis (Gürke) J.S.Mill. (Bourreria teitensis (Gürke) Thulin) Mwaluganje FR. Small tree 3 m, leaves scabrid. Somalia/Masai endemic. 87 Luke WRQ & PA sr Robertson SA & Luke WRQ sr Solanaceae Capsicum frutescens L. Magogo FC & Glover PE 564* Risley's Ridge. Shrub 1.2 m. Pan-Tropical. Naturalised. Bird chillies. Datura metel L. Graham RM 1935 Kwale. Shrub 1.2 m, flowers white. Pan-Tropical. Naturalised. Physalis angulata L. Luke WRQ & PA 5724 Mwaluganje. Herb 40 cm, flowers yellow. Fruit calyx >2 cm. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Solanum dasyphyllum Schumach. & Thonn. Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 5177 Shimba Hills Lodge. Woody herb 1 m, prickles often purple, flowers purple. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Solanum goetzei Dammer Magogo FC & Glover PE 1039 Mkongani. Woody herb 1 m, mostly glabrous, no prickles. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Solanum incanum L. sensu lato Magogo FC & Glover PE 809 Kwale forest. Woody herb 60 cm, prickles or not, pubescent. Pan-Tropical. Solanum monotanthum Dammer vel sp aff Magogo FC & Glover PE 978 Kwale Forest. Woody herb 1.2 m, recurved prickles, flowers purple with yellow anthers. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Solanum zanzibarense Vatke Magogo FC & Glover PE 185 Longomwagandi area. Woody herb 1 m, often scandent, leaves deep lobed or not, flowers racemose. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje. Woody herb 1 m, fruit inside papery calyx. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Convolvulaceae Astripomoea hyoscyamoides (Vatke) Verdc. var. hyoscyamoides Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje. Woody herb 1 m, stellate pubescent, flowers white with purple centre. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Evolvulus alsinoides (L.) L. Magogo FC & Glover PE 817 Kwale. Herb 30 cm, flowers pale blue. Pan-Tropical. 88 Q. Luke Hewittia malabarica (L.) Suresh Magogo FC & Glover PE 73 (H. sublobata (L.f.) O.Kuntze, H. scandens (Milne) Mabberly) Longomwagandi. Climber/liana 4 m, flowers pale yellow with darker centre. Pan-Tropical. Ipomoea cairica (L.) Sweet ?var. indica Hallier f. Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje FR. Climber/liana 2 m, leaf palmately lobed, flowers purple with dark centre <6 cm. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Ipomoea eriocarpa R.Br. Magogo FC & Glover PE 1059 Vuga-Tiwi. Climber/liana 1 m, hastate, flowers pinkish white with darker centre. Pan-Tropical. Ipomoea ficifolia Lindl. Herbarium Techn. Course II 054 Kaya Teleza. Climber/liana 2 m, trailing, leaf discolorous, inflorescence lax, flowers mauve. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Ipomoea garckeana Vatke Luke WRQ & Robertson SA sr Mkongani West. Climber/liana 1 m, prostrate, leaf discolorous, inflorescence dense head, flowers white with purple. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Ipomoea irwinae Verdc. Luke WRQ & PA 5688 Mwaluganje. Climber/liana 2 m, leaf palmately lobed, flowers pink, >6.5 cm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Ipomoea marginata (Desr.) Manitz Magogo FC & Glover PE 999 (I. sepiaria Roxb.) Kwale-Mombasa. Climber/liana 60 cm, trailing, leaf hastate, flowers white with purple. Pan-Tropical. Ipomoea obscura (L.) Ker-Gawl. Gray M & Luke WRQ 292 Kaya Teleza. Climber/liana 1.5 m, trailing, leaf ovate, flowers orange/yellow. Pan-Tropical. Ipomoea pes-tigridis L. var. pes-tigridis Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje. Climber/liana 2 m, prost, palmately lobed, long yellow pubescent, flower pink with darker centre. Pan-Tropical. Ipomoea pileata Roxb. Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje FR. Climber/liana 1.5 m, flowers pinkish from boat-shaped bract. Pan-Tropical. Ipomoea shupangensis Baker Pakia M et al. 986 Mwaluganje Elephant Sanctuary. Climber/liana 2 m, glabrous, leaf ovate dark green often purple under, flowers pink. Pan-African. Rare in Kenya. Ipomoea sp nr urbaniana (Dammer) Hallier f. Luke WRQ 2918 (cf I. flavivillosa Schulze-Menz) Longomwagandi. Climber/liana 7 m, yellow hairs, flowers pink, tube 5 cm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic? Rare in Kenya. I. flavivillosa, only known from T8, is meant to be a shrub but see note FTEA pg 149. Ipomoea urbaniana (Dammer) Hallier f. Robertson SA 4208 Mwaluganje Pipeline Road. Climber/liana 4 m, glabrescent, flowers pink tube 7 cm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Not found in EA. Checklist of the plants of the Shimba Hills, Kenya 89 Jacquemontia ovalifolia (Vahl) Hallier f. Gray M & Luke WRQ sr Kaya Teleza. Herb trailing 1 m, glabrous, flowers blue. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Jacquemontia paniculata (Burm.f.) Hallier f. Magogo FC & Glover PE 1048 var. paniculata Vuga-Tiwi. Climber/liana 2.5 m, pubescent, flowers pink/white. Pan-Tropical. Jacquemontia tamnifolia (L.) Griseb. Magogo FC & Glover PE 861 Near Marere. Climber/liana 2 m, pubescent, flowers blue in bracteate heads. Pan-Tropical. Merremia sp cf medium (L.) Hallier f. Luke WRQ 6029 Mwaluganje. Climber/liana 1 m, trailing, stems winged, flowers yellow with maroon. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region? Metaporana densiflora (Hallier f.) N.E.Br. Robertson SA 4215 Golini. Climber/liana 3 m, flowers white in dense axillary panicles. Pan-African. Stictocardia incompta (Hallier f.) Hallier f. Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje FR. Climber/liana 4 m, leaves grey green felty, flowers pink. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Xenostegia tridentata (L.) D.F.Austin & G.W.Staples Robertson SA 4225 ssp. alatipes (Dammer) Lejoly & Lisowski (Merremia tridentata (L.) Hallier f. ssp. alatipes (Dammer) Verdc.) Golini. Climber/liana 1 m, flowers yellow. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Xenostegia tridentata (L.) D.F.Austin & G.W.Staples Magogo FC & Glover PE 151 ssp. angustifolia (Jacq.) Lejoly & Lisowski (Merremia tridentata (L.) Hallier f. ssp. angustifolia (Jacq.) Ooststr. var. angustifolia) Longomwagandi area. Climber/liana 1 m, flowers yellow. Pan-Tropical. Scrophulariaceae Alectra orobanchoides Benth. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2765 (A. kirkii Hemsl.) Risley's Ridge. Herb 30 cm, parasitic, stem red, flowers yellow. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast? Bacopa crenata (P.Beauv.) Hepper Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2754 Risley's Ridge. Herb 40 cm, trailing in water, leaves toothed, flowers white. Pan-African. Rare in Kenya. Bacopa floribunda (R.Br.) Wettst. Drummond & Hemsley 4010* Mwasangombe Forest. Herb, erect 30cm, leaves entire. Pan-tropical. Buttonia natalensis Benth. Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 6061 Mwaluganje FR. Climber/liana 3 m, leaves brittle, flowers pink with inflated green calyx. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Lowest altitude. Cycnium adonense Benth. ssp. adonense Magogo FC & Glover PE 26 Near Giriama Point turnoff? Herb creeping, flowers white. Pan-African. 90 Q. Luke Cycnium veronicifolium (Vatke) Engl. ssp. veronicifolium Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 6054 Mwaluganje FR. Woody herb 60 cm, flowers pink. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Lindernia humilis Bonati Luke WRQ 2925 Mwele Forest. Herb trail near water, flower 2-lipped, upper white, lower 3 lobed, all purple. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rare in Kenya. Lindernia parviflora (Roxb.) Haines Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2751 Risley's Ridge. Herb prostrate in water, flower 2-lipped, upper white, lower 3 lobed purple spots. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Lindernia whytei Skan Drummond & Hemsley 4007* Mwasangombe Forest. Herb trailing. 60cm, flowers blue, purple or yellow. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Scoparia dulcis L. Magogo FC & Glover PE 1034* Mkongani. Woody herb 60 cm, flowers white. Pan-Tropical. Rare in Kenya. Striga asiatica (L.) Kuntze Magogo FC & Glover PE 1089 (S. lutea Lour.) Kwale Forest. Hemi-parasite 20 cm, flowers scarlet (occasionally yellow). Pan-Tropical. Striga gesnerioides (Willd.) Vatke Robertson SA & Luke WRQ sr Mwaluganje FR. Hemi-parasite 20 cm, stem purple, flowers pink with darker streaks. Pan-Tropical. Striga latericea Vatke Magogo FC & Glover PE 1050 Vuga-Tiwi. Hemi-parasite 40 cm, flowers salmon pink. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Striga pubiflora Klotzsch Magogo FC & Glover PE 849* (S. pubiflora Klotzsch var. sansibarensis Engl.) Kivumoni area. Hemi-parasite 60 cm, flowers white. Zanzibar-Inhambane+one other region. Rare in Kenya. Torenia thouarsii (Cham. & Schltdl.) Kuntze Luke WRQ 1652 Mwele Forest. Herb 20 cm,ascend, flower 4lobed, white with 2 purple markings on lip. Pan-Tropical. Lentibulariaceae Utricularia arenaria A.DC. Magogo FC & Glover PE 320 Longomwagandi. Herb 12 cm, flowers pink. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. See note below. Utricularia firmula Oliv. Magogo FC & Glover PE 321* Longomwagandi. Herb 12 cm, flowers yellow. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Apparently flower colour reversed between 321 & 320 in Glover et al. (1969). Bignoniaceae Fernandoa magnifica Seem. Marere Hill. Tree 20 m, flowers red/orange. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Magogo FC & Glover PE 168 Checklist of the plants of the Shimba Hills, Kenya 91 Kigelia africana (Lam.) Benth. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA sr Risley's Ridge & Valley. Tree 15 m, flowers maroon/yellow. Pan-African. Markhamia zanzibarica (DC.) Engl. Shimba Hills Survey Unit 90 Shimba Hills NR. Small tree 8 m, flowers black/maroon to yellow. Pan-African. Spathodea campanulata P.Beauv. ssp. nilotica (Seem.) Bidgood Luke WRQ 3089 (S. nilotica Seem.) Makadara, near road. Tree 17 m, flowers red with yellow. Pan-African. Accidental escape or deliberate? Stereospermum kunthianum Cham. Magogo FC & Glover PE 642. Sheldrick Falls area. Small tree 8 m, flowers precocious, pink. Pan-African. Acanthaceae Asystasia ansellioides C.B.Clarke Luke WRQ & PA 4509 Mwaluganje FR. Herb 20 cm, flowers white with purple. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rare in Kenya. First Kwale District? Asystasia gangetica (L.) T.Anderson sensu lato Magogo FC & Glover PE 18 Giriama Point. Woody herb 1 m, scrambling, flowers white with purple. Pan-Tropical. Asystasia leptostachya Lindau Luke WRQ 1650 (A. sp nov aff decipiens sensu CFS) Mwele Forest. Herb 15 cm, flowers 7 mm, white with purple markings. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in Kenya. Asystasia moorei Ensermu ined Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2703 (Asystasiella africana S.Moore) Buffalo Ridge. Woody herb 1 m in river bed, flowers white with purple. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in Kenya. Barleria angustiloba Lindau Luke WRQ & PA 6023 Matuga–Bombo. Woody herb 50 cm, flowers lilac with purple speckling. Somalia/Masai endemic. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Barleria sp nr amaniensis Lindau Drummond RB & Hemsley JH 3976 Pengo Hill. Climber/liana 2 m, flowers white. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Barleria submollis Lindau Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 6022 Mwaluganje FR. Woody herb 50 cm, flowers 4 cm, mauve from paired bracts. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Blepharis maderaspatensis (L.) Roth Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 6028 Mwaluganje FR. Woody herb 20 cm, flowers white with thin pink stripes. Pan-Tropical. Clamydacanthus lindavianus H.Winkl. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2787 Mkongani North. Woody herb 40 cm, flowers cream from coppery bracts. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in Kenya. First Kwale District. Crossandra mucronata Lindau Robertson SA & Luke WRQ sr Mwaluganje FR. Woody herb 50 cm, flowers salmon pink, bracts with recurved mucro. Pan-African. 92 Q. Luke Crossandra pungens Lindau Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 5151 Shimba Hills Lodge. Woody herb 40 cm, flowers orange, bracts with straight mucro. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Dicliptera heterostegia Nees Magogo FC & Glover PE 137 (D. mossambicensis Klotzsch) Pengo Hill. Woody herb 1 m, flowers white to pink, from pale green bracts. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Dicliptera sp aff umbellata Juss. Luke WRQ 2922 (Dicliptera sp2 of CFS) Mwele Forest. Herb 20 cm prostrate, flowers mauve from paired bracts. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in Kenya. First for Kenya? =Schlieben HJ 4170 (T6). Dyschoriste hildebrandtii (S.Moore) S.Moore Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 5981 (D. procumbens E.A.Bruce) Mwaluganje Pipeline Rd. Woody herb 70 cm, flowers an odd cream/green/flesh colour. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Non sensu Agnew (not glandular). Ecbolium amplexicaule S.Moore Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje FR. Woody herb 1.2 m, flowers green/blue. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Ecbolium subcordatum C.B.Clarke var. glabratum Vollesen Luke WRQ et al. sr Kaya Teleza. Woody herb 60 cm, glabrous, flowers green/blue. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Elytraria minor Dokosi Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 5986 Mwaluganje FR. Herb acaulescent, inflorescence spike 10 cm, flowers white. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Genus nov Vollesen ined. Luke WRQ et al. 3377 Mwele Forest. Woody herb 60 cm, flowers purple/white. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in a world sense. Second collection? (collection from Mozambique?). Hygrophila auriculata (Schumach.) Heine Magogo FC & Glover PE 528 Giriama Point. Woody herb 1 m, inflorescence with spines, flowers purple. Pan-African. Hypoestes forskaolei (Vahl) R.Br. Magogo FC & Glover PE 138 (H. verticillaris R.Br ) Near Kwale. Woody herb 50 cm, flowers white with purple marks. Pan-Tropical. Justicia anisophylla (Mildbr.) Brummitt Luke WRQ 2942 Near Mwadabara Pump House. Woody herb 1 m amongst rocks, flowers cream, hairy. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Second for Kenya. Justicia betonica L. Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 5979 Mwaluganje Pipeline Road. Woody herb 75 cm, bracts with obvious veins, flowers white with purple. Pan-African? Justicia calyculata Deflers Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 6039 (incl. J. matammensis (Schweinf.) Oliv.& J. exigua S.Moore) Mwaluganje FR. Woody herb 20 cm, flowers white with purple. Pan-African. Checklist of the plants of the Shimba Hills, Kenya 93 Justicia engleriana Lindau Mbinda J. & Luke WRQ 259 (Adhatoda engleriana C.B.Clarke) Kaya Kwale. Shrub 1.5 m, flowers green/cream in dense bracteate spikes. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Justicia fittonioides S.Moore Luke WRQ 1651 Mwele Forest. Herb 20 cm, acaul, veins darker green above, flowers white with purple. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in Kenya. Justicia heterotricha Mildbr. Luke WRQ 2931 Mwele Forest. Herb 30 cm, flowers white with purple markings on lower lip. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in Kenya. Justicia inaequiifolia Brummitt Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2699 Kivumoni. Shrub 1.5 m, flowers cream with purple markings. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Justicia pseudorungia Lindau Robertson SA 5085 Chitsanze Sacred Grove. Woody herb 60 cm, flowers in spikes, bracts white edged, flowers white. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Justicia sp aff capensis Thunb. Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 5989 Mwaluganje FR. Woody herb 75 cm, flowers pink. Kenya Coast endemic? Rare in a world sense? ?Hybrid with J. brevipila Hedrén (Vollesen pers. comm.). Justicia sp aff fittonioides S.Moore Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 5985 Mwaluganje FR. Herb acaulescent, flowers white with pink. Kenya Coast endemic. Rare in a world sense. Third collection, new species? (=Drummond RB & Hemsley JH 3792). Justicia strata (Klotzsch) Bullock Magogo FC & Glover PE 878 ssp. striata var. dyschoristeoides (C.B.Clarke) Hedrén Kwale Forest. Woody herb 90 cm, trailing, flowers axillary, white with purple markings. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Lankesteria alba Lindau Luke WRQ 870 Mwele-Mdogo. Herb 20 cm, flowers white bracts maroon. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Monothecium aristatum T.Anderson Luke WRQ sr Godoni. Woody herb 40 cm. Pan-Tropical. Phaulopsis gediensis M.Manktelow Luke WRQ 3968 Chitsanze Sacred Grove. Herb 30 cm, flowers white, bracts narrowed at base. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Pseuderanthemum hildebrandtii Lindau Magogo FC & Glover PE 721 Marere. Woody herb 1.2 m, flowers orange/red (occasionally yellow). Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Pseuderanthemum subviscosum (C.B.Clarke) Stapf Luke WRQ 886 (P. tunicatum sensu CFS) Mwele-Mdogo. Woody herb 50 cm, flowers pale lilac. Pan-Tropical. Rare in Kenya. Rhinacanthus dichotomus (Lindau) I.Darbysh. ined. Luke WRQ & PA sr (R. gracilis Klotzsch sensu CFS) Mwaluganje FR. Woody herb 1 m, flowers cream with 2 markings on lip, tube curved. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. 94 Q. Luke Ruellia patula Jacq. Magogo FC & Glover PE 274 Longomwagandi. Herb 20 cm, semi-prostrate, flowers pink/mauve 2 cm. Pan-Tropical. Ruellia prostrata (Nees) T.Anderson Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje FR. Woody herb 1 m, scrambling, stems square, flowers white to mauve. Pan-Tropical. Ruellia sp3 Luke WRQ et al. 3375 Near Tsimba. Woody herb ca.30 cm from perennial root, flowers pink 5 cm diameter. Kenya Coast endemic. Rare in a world sense? Vollesen says ?R. patula variant (=McCraig MC 9163). Sclerochiton boivinii (Baill.) C.B.Clarke Luke WRQ 891 Mwele-Mdogo. Shrub 2 m, flowers orange, bracts purplish. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Sclerochiton vogelii (Nees) T.Anderson Robertson SA &Luke WRQ sr ssp. holstii (Lindau) Napper Mwaluganje FR. Shrub 2 m, flowers blue. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Thunbergia alata Sims sensu lato Magogo FC & Glover PE 310 Longomwagandi. Climber/liana 3 m, flowers yellow/orange with black ‘eye’. Pan-Tropical. Thunbergia kirkii Hook.f. Luke WRQ 1628 Mwele-Mdogo. Shrub 1 m, flowers purple with yellow throat. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Thunbergia schimbensis S.Moore Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 5983 Mwaluganje FR. Climber/liana 60 cm, trailing, flowers white. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Thunbergia stelligera Lindau Luke WRQ 3115 Risley's Ridge. Climber/liana 3 m, stems square, flowers white with yellow throat, scented. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in Kenya. Second for Kenya. Whitfieldia elongata (P.Beauv.) C.B.Clarke Luke WRQ 888 Mwele-Mdogo. Shrub 3 m, flowers white. Pan-African. Whitfieldia orientalis Vollesen Luke WRQ et al. 4729 (W. stuhlmannii sensu CFS) Mwele-Mdogo. Shrub 1.5 m, flowers white with purple tips. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in Kenya. Verbenaceae Lantana camara L. Magogo FC & Glover PE 434 Longomwagandi. Shrub 3 m, stems prickly, flowers orange/pink. Pan-Tropical. Naturalised. Lantana viburnoides (Forssk.)Vahl Magogo FC &.Glover PE 283 ssp. viburnoides var. viburnoides Near Kwale. Shrub 3 m, flowers white. Pan-African. ?Priva sp Magogo FC & Glover PE 519 Mkongani. Herb 40 cm. Cited in Glover et al. (1969), but specimen not found in EA. Checklist of the plants of the Shimba Hills, Kenya Stachytarpheta urticifolia Sims Kwale. Woody herb 90 cm, flowers blue. Pan-Tropical. 95 Magogo FC & Glover PE 892 Labiatae (Lamiaceae) Aeollanthus zanzibaricus S.Moore Magogo FC & Glover PE 903 Marere. Herb 60 cm, fleshy, flowers white with purple dots & lines. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Clerodendrum cephalanthum Oliv. ssp. cephalanthum Luke WRQ sr Godoni. Climber/liana 2 m, petals as climb hooks, flowers white <10 cm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Clerodendrum hildebrandtii Vatke var. hildebrandtii Magogo FC & Glover PE 1005 Kwale-Mombasa. Shrub 2 m, glabrous, flowers white, tube <2 cm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Clerodendrum robustum Klotzsch var. fischeri (Gürke) Verdc. Luke WRQ et al. 6189 Mwalolo Loop. Shrub 1 m, stiff hairy, flowers white, tube usually >10 cm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rare in Kenya. Endostemon albus A.J.Paton et al. Luke WRQ & PA 6021 Matuga–Bombo. Woody herb 15 cm, flowers white. Kenya Coast endemic? Rare in a world sense? Endostemon tereticaulis (Poir.) Ashby Magogo FC & Glover PE 687 Near Marere. Woody herb 20 cm, flowers purple. Pan-African. Hoslundia opposita Vahl Magogo FC & Glover PE 176 Longomwagandi. Shrub 1.2 m, flowers white, fruit orange. Pan-Tropical. Hyptis pectinata Poit. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2764 Risley's Ridge. Shrub 2 m, flowers cream with purple. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. First Kwale District. Hyptis suaveolens Poit. Magogo FC & Glover PE 876 Near Marere Pump Station. Woody herb 90 cm, flowers blue. Pan-Tropical. Leucas glabrata (Vahl) R.Br. var.? Magogo FC & Glover PE 998 Kwale-Mombasa. Woody herb 90 cm, flowers white not in ‘bobbles’. Pan-African. Leucas martinicensis (Jacq.) Sm. Graham RM 2044 Kwale. Woody herb 1 m, flowers white in ‘bobbles’. Pan-Tropical. Ocimum americanum L. Magogo FC & Glover PE 880 Near Marere. Woody herb 40 cm, flowers pale mauve. Pan-Tropical. Ocimum filamentosum Forssk. Magogo FC & Glover PE 922 (Becium filamentosum (Forssk.) Chiov.) Marere. Woody herb 60 cm, flowers white/pink, apical bracts long. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. 96 Q. Luke Ocimum obovatum E.Mey. ssp. obovatum var. obovatum Moomaw JC 1135 (Becium obovatum (E.Mey.) N.E.Br.) Matuga-Kwale. Woody herb 30 cm, fire coppiced, flowers pink/white. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Orthosiphon rubicundus (D.Don) Benth. sensu lato Luke WRQ 3138 Mkongani area, near KIFCON Transect 25, 26. Woody herb 50 cm, flowers pale pink/lilac. Pan-Tropical. Platostoma africanum P.Beauv. Luke WRQ et al. 4722 Longomwagandi. Herb 30 cm, flowers white. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Plectranthus aegyptiacus (Forssk.) C.Chr. Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 6052 (Plectranthus tenuiflorus (Vatke) Agnew) Mwaluganje FR. Herb trailing 1.2 m, succulent, flowers white with purple on upper lobe. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region? Plectranthus flaccidus (Vatke) Guerke Luke WRQ et al. sr Kaya Teleza. Herb 40 cm, flowers deep blue. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Plectranthus hadiensis (Forssk.) Spreng. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2828 (P.rupestris sensu CFS) Godoni. Woody herb 70 cm, trailing succulent, flowers pale blue. Somalia/Masai endemic? Rare on the Kenyan coast. Plectranthus longipes Baker Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 6004 Mwaluganje FR. Herb 30 cm, flowers purple/pink. Pan-African. Plectranthus tetragonus Gürke Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje. Woody herb 80 cm, stems square, flowers yellow. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic? Rare in Kenya. Premna chrysoclada (Bojer) Gürke Robertson SA 4224 Golini. Shrub 2 m, stellate, ferruginous hairy, flowers cream. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Premna gracillima Verdc. Luke WRQ 2935 Mwele Forest. Climber/liana 5 m, delicate, flowers cream, fruit purple. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in Kenya. First Kwale District. Premna hildebrandtii Gürke Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje. Climber/liana 8 m, leaves velvety, entire or closely toothed. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Premna senensis Klotzsch Luke WRQ 3134 Mkongani area, near KIFCON Transect 25, 26. Climber/liana 7 m, leaves hairy below, coarsely toothed. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rare in Kenya. Premna serratifolia L. Magogo FC & Glover PE 1090 Kwale Forest. Shrub 2.5 m, often scandent, ± glabrous, inflorescence axis pubescent. Pan-Tropical. Rare in Kenya. Rotheca incisum (Klotzsch) Steane & Mabb. Magogo FC & Glover PE 926 (Clerodendrum incisum Klotzsch) Marere. Shrub 1.5 m, leaf usual coarse toothed, foul smell, flowers white. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Checklist of the plants of the Shimba Hills, Kenya 97 Rotheca sansibarense (Gürke) Steane & Mabb. ssp. sansibarense Luke WRQ 3598 (Clerodendrum sansibarense Gürke) Mwachemwana River. Shrub 1.5 m, flowers asymmetrical, lobes blue & white, fruits red. Pan-African. Rare in Kenya. Solenostemon latifolius (Benth.) J.K.Morton Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 6003 Mwaluganje FR. Herb 30 cm, succulent, flowers purple. Pan-African? To move to Plectranthus (A. Paton, pers. comm.). Tinnea aethiopica Hook.f. ssp. litoralis Vollesen Luke WRQ & Robertson SA sr Kivumoni open area. Shrub 1.5 m, flowers maroon. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Vitex ferruginea Schumach. & Thonn. Luke WRQ 3133 ssp. amboniensis (Gürke) Verdc. var. amboniensis Mkongani area, KIFCON Transect 25. Tree 12 m, lateral leaflets stalked, glabrous above. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Vitex mombassae Vatke Magogo FC & Glover PE 505* Pengo. Small tree 8 m, lateral leaflets (sub)sessile, pubescent above. Pan-African. Vitex payos (Lour.) Merr. var. payos Magogo FC & Glover PE 504* Pengo. Small tree 8 m, leaflets always sessile, dense woolly below. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Vitex strickeri Vatke & Hildebr. Robertson SA & Luke WRQ sr Mwaluganje FR. Climber/liana 3 m, stems square, leaflets 3, terminal leaflet stalked. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. ANGIOSPERMAE MONOCOTYLEDONES Commelinaceae Aneilema aequinoctiale (P.Beauv.) G.Don Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 5156 Shimba Hills Lodge. Herb 1 m, scabrid, flowers yellow. Pan-African. Aneilema nyasense C.B.Clarke Luke WRQ et al. 3379 Mwele Forest. Herb 40 cm, trailing in swampy area, flowers yellow. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rare in Kenya. First for Kenya. Aneilema petersii (Hassk.) C.B.Clarke ssp. petersii Luke WRQ 3470 Tsimba-Vyungwani. Herb, trailing 1.5 m, leaves scabrid, flowers lilac. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Coleotrype bruechneriana Mildbr. Luke WRQ & PA 8193 Mwele Forest. Herb 30 cm, flowers on stem, white. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in Kenya. First Kwale District. Commelina africana L. sensu lato Magogo FC & Glover PE 905 (incl. var. africana & var. "coastal" of Faden) Near Marere. Herb 40 cm, flowers yellow. Pan-African. ?Commelina albescens Hassk. Luke WRQ et al. 7456 Near Longomwagandi. Herb 30 cm, stems swollen at base, no flowers open. Somalia/Masai endemic? Rare on the Kenyan coast. Cf C. erecta L. (det Faden). 98 Q. Luke Commelina benghalensis L. Graham RM 2005 Kwale? Herb 50 cm, trailing, long dark hairs on sheath, flowers blue. Pan-Tropical. Commelina bracteosa Hassk. Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 5984 Mwaluganje FR. Herb creeping, flowers blue. Pan-African. Commelina erecta L. ssp. livingstonei (C.B.Clarke) J.K.Morton Magogo FC & Glover PE 77 Near Longomwagandi. Herb 30 cm, erect, flowers pale blue. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region? Commelina forskaolii Vahl Magogo FC & Glover PE 907 Near Marere. Herb 40 cm, decumbent, flowers dark blue, spathe angular >90°. Pan-African. Commelina sp aff bracteosa Hassk. Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 6018 Mwaluganje FR. Herb, flowers blue. Kenya Coast endemic. Rare in a world sense? (det Faden) Commelina sp aff imberbis Hassk. Magogo FC & Glover PE 904 ‘a’ (C. sp D of UKWF) Near Marere. Herb, flowers large, blue, seeds smooth. Kew sheet only (R.B. Faden, pers. comm.). Commelina sp nov Magogo FC & Glover PE 904 ‘b’ Near Marere. Herb, flowers blue, seeds rough. Kenya Coast endemic? Rare in a world sense? EA sheet only (R.B. Faden, pers. comm.). ?Commelina zambesica C.B.Clarke Magogo FC & Glover PE 562 Near Risley's Ridge. Herb 60 cm, fleshy, flowers dark blue. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region? Rare in Kenya? Cyanotis foecunda Hassk. Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 6151 Mwaluganje FR. Herb 30 cm, creeping succulent, flowers purple with yellow anthers. Pan-African. Cyanotis repens Faden & D.M.Cameron ssp. repens Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 6017 (Cyanotis sp nov of CFS) Mwaluganje FR. Herb creeping succulent, flowers purple. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Murdannia simplex (Vahl) Brenan Magogo FC & Glover PE 366 Longomwagandi area. Herb 50 cm, flowers mauve. Pan-African. Flagellariaceae Flagellaria guineensis Schumach. Pengo. Climber/liana 8 m, inflorescence white, fruit red. Pan-African. Magogo FC & Glover PE 128 Xyridaceae Xyris anceps Lam. var. minima (Steud.) Lock Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2713* Buffalo Ridge. Herb 30 cm in swampy area, flowers yellow. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Checklist of the plants of the Shimba Hills, Kenya 99 Eriocaulaceae Eriocaulon elegantulum Engl. Magogo FC & Glover PE 355* Longomwagandi. Herb 15 cm, flower heads white/grey. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Zingerbaraceae Aframomum amaniense Loes. Gardner FD1461* Mwele Forest. Herb 2 m, leaves appressed pilose below, flowers 2, mauve/white. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in Kenya. Aframomum angustifolium (Sonn.) K.Schum. Drummond RB & Hemsley JH 1177* Pengo Forest. Herb 1.5 m, inflorescence red on peduncle >20 cm. Pan-Tropical. Rare in Kenya. Aframomum orientale Lock Magogo FC & Glover PE 263* Longomwagandi. Herb 1 m, leaves glabrous, flowers 2-4, white with yellow patch. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in Kenya. Costus afer Ker Gawl. Magogo FC & Glover PE 563* Mkurumuji Point. Herb 1.5 m, bract 2-flowered, flowers white, with orange/yellow line. Pan-African. Costus sarmentosa Bojer Drummond RB & Hemsley JH 1200* Pengo Forest. Herb 1.5 m, bracts 1-flowered, flowers white/pink with yellow patch. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in Kenya. Siphonochilus brachystemon (K.Schum.) B.L.Burtt Luke WRQ 3137 Mkongani area, near KIFCON Transect 25, 26. Herb 10 cm, flowers blue/mauve. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Siphonochilus kirkii (Hook.f.) B.L.Burtt Magogo FC & Glover PE 919 Near Marere. Herb 40 cm, flowers pink with yellow on lip. Pan-African. Aloaceae Aloe kilifiensis Christian Magogo FC & Glover PE 430* Kwale Forest. Herb, acaulescent, leaves spotted, inflorescence 1 m, orange/wine. Kenya Coast endemic, Rare in a world sense. Aloe rabaiensis Rendle Robertson SA & Luke WRQ sr Mwaluganje FR. Shrub 2 m, greyish, bracts as long as pedicels, flowers red. Somalia/Masai endemic. Aloe secundiflora Engl. var. secundiflora Luke WRQ et al. sr Mwalolo Loop. Herb, acaulescent, leaves unspotted, flowers secund, red. Somalia/Masai endemic. Aloe volkensii Engl. ssp. volkensii Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje FR. Shrub 3 m, stem solitary, persistent leaf bases, bracts shorter than pedicels, flowers red. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region? Amaryllidaceae Crinum politifolium R.Wahlstr. Luke WRQ & PA 4581 Opposite Mwaluganje FR. Herb 60 cm, huge bulb, leaf with midrib & woolly fibre, flowers <10. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rare on the Kenyan coast. 100 Q. Luke Crinum stuhlmannii Baker Magogo FC & Glover PE 468* Longomwagandi. Herb 50 cm, peduncle, bracts, pedicels maroon, flowers >10, fruit red. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in Kenya. Cryptostephanus haemanthoides Pax Robertson SA & Luke WRQ sr Mwaluganje FR. Herb 40 cm, scape flattened, flowers maroon/black. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Scadoxus multiflorus (Martyn) Raf. ssp. multiflorus Magogo FC & Glover PE 367* Longomwagandi. Herb 40 cm, flowers orange/red. Pan-Tropical. Anthericaceae Chlorophytum cameronii (Baker) Kativu Magogo FC &.Glover PE 651A var. pterocaulon (Baker) Kativu (C. zanguebaricum (Baker) Nordal.) Near Sheldrick.. Herb 30 cm, leaves <4 cm wide, peduncle flattened, flowers white. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Chlorophytum filipendulum Baker Luke WRQ sr ssp. amaniense (Engl.) Nordal & A.D.Poulsen (C. heynei sensu CFS) Mwele-Mdogo. Herb 70 cm, leaves >5 cm wide. Pan-African. Chlorophytum suffruticosum Baker Magogo FC & Estes R 1248 (Anthericum suffruticosum (Baker) Milne-Redh.) Near Marere. Herb 50 cm with trailing aerial stem. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Chlorophytum tenerrimum Poelln. Luke WRQ sr (C. laxum sensu Baker) Near KIFCON Transect 25, 26. Herb 25 cm, with tubers, leaves <5 mm wide. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region? Asparagaceae Asparagus buchananii Baker Graham RM 1931 Kwale. Climber/liana 2 m. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Asparagus falcatus L. Luke WRQ et al. 6193 Mwalolo Loop. Climber/liana 2 m, cladodes flat, falcate, flowers white. Pan-African. ?Asparagus racemosus Willd. Luke WRQ et al. 5707 Mwaluganje. Climber/liana 1.5 m, cladodes triang in cross section. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. No K7 in FTEA typescript? Asparagus setaceus (Kunth) Jessop Luke WRQ sr Mkanda area. Climber/liana 2 m, cladodes forming “pseudo fronds”. Pan-Tropical. Colchicaceae Gloriosa superba L. ssp. superba Kwale Forest. Climber/liana 1.5 m, flowers red. Pan-Tropical. Magogo FC & Glover PE 973 Checklist of the plants of the Shimba Hills, Kenya 101 Hyacinthaceae Albuca abyssinica Jacq. Luke WRQ 3153 Kidongo area, towards KIFCON Transect 19, 20, 23. Herb from bulb, flower spike 40 cm, flowers green, segments not spread. Pan-Tropical. Boweia volubilis Hook.f ssp. volubilis Pakia M et al. 985 Mwaluganje FR. Climber/liana 1.5 m, perianth segments reflexed. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Dipcadi longifolium (Lindl.) Baker Luke WRQ 3118 Near Risley's, KIFCON Transect 8. Herb 30 cm, flowers yellow/green, outer perianth segments reflexed. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Dipcadi viride (L.) Moench Magogo FC & Glover PE 600 Giriama Point. Herb 50 cm, tails on outer perianth segments reflexed. Pan-African. Drimia altissima (L.f.) Ker Gawl. Magogo FC & Glover PE 213 (Urginea altissima (L.f.) Baker) Marere Hill. Herb 1.2 m, inflorescence dense, flowers green/white, segments reflexed. Pan-African. Drimia macrocarpa Stedje Magogo FC & Glover PE 30 (Urginea zambesiaca sensu Polhill) Giriama Point. Herb 60 cm, flowers leafless, flowers white/beige, perianth segments reflexed. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rare in Kenya. Drimiopsis botryoides Baker ssp. botryoides Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 6059 Mwaluganje FR. Herb 40 cm, leaves spotted or not, flowers white, bracts absent. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Ledebouria kirkii (Baker) Stedje & Thulin Luke WRQ sr (Scilla kirkii Baker) Marere. Herb 60 cm, leaves spotted or not, flowers with purple filaments. Somalia/Masai endemic? Smilacaceae Smilax anceps Willd. Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 5181 (S. kraussiana Meissner) Shimba Hills Lodge. Climber/liana 5 m, flowers yellowish. Pan-African. Araceae Amorphophallus sp cf maximus (Engl.) N.E.Br. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA sr Marere West. Herb 50 cm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region? Rare in Kenya? Anchomanes abbreviatus Engl. Magogo FC & Glover PE 566 Risley's Ridge. Herb 1.2 m, leaves truncate, petals & inflorescence peduncle prickly. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. 102 Q. Luke Callopsis volkensii Engl. Magogo FC & Glover PE 1041 Mwele-Mdogo? Herb 15 cm, flowers white. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in Kenya. Culcasia orientalis Mayo Magogo FC & Glover PE 622 Longomwagandi. Climber/liana 10 m, epiphytic on trunks. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Gonatopus boivinii (Decne.) Engl. Magogo FC & Glover PE 580 Longomwagandi. Herb 1.2 m, petiole with ‘knee’ midway. Pan-African. Gonatopus marattioides (Peter) Bogner Luke WRQ et al. 3331 Kaya Teleza. Herb 20 cm, leaf bipinnately compound, lobes acute, petals >6.5 cm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Gonatopus petiolulatus (Peter) Bogner Luke WRQ & PA 4499 Mwaluganje FR. Herb 50 cm, leaf pinnate to bipinnate, lobes to ground, petals not obvious. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Pistia stratiotes L. Magogo FC & Glover PE 908 Marume R. Aquatic 15 cm. Pan-Tropical. Stylochaeton bogneri Mayo Luke WRQ & PA 4502 Mwaluganje FR. Herb 20 cm, basal part of blade convex, spathe constricted. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Stylochaeton salaamicus N.E.Br. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2694 Kivumoni. Herb 25 cm, lower part of blade concave, spathe base inflated. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Zamioculcas zamiifolia (Lodd.) Engl. Magogo FC & Glover PE 1129 Near Kivumoni Wireless Station. Herb 50 cm, succulent, blade pinnate. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Iridaceae Gladiolus dalenii Van Geel ssp. andongensis (Baker) Goldblatt (G. goetzei Harms) Longomwagandi. Herb 1.2 m, flowers yellow/orange. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in Kenya? Magogo FC & Glover PE 581* Dioscoreaceae Dioscorea asteriscus Burkill Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje FR. Climber/liana 3 m, leaves simple, cordate/acuminate, alternating on flowering shoots. Pan-African. Dioscorea dumetorum (Kunth) Pax Magogo FC & Glover PE 1062 Shimba Settlement Road. Climber/liana 8 m, prickly, leaves 3-foliolate. Pan-African. Dioscorea hirtiflora Benth. ssp. orientalis Milne-Redh. Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 5158 Shimba Hills Lodge. Climber/liana 8 m, leaf stellate hairy <10 cm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Checklist of the plants of the Shimba Hills, Kenya 103 Dioscorea sansibarensis Pax Gillett JB 18713 Longomwagandi. Climber/liana 15 m, leaves simple cordate/acuminate, opposite on flowering shoots. Pan-Tropical. Dracaenaceae Dracaena aletriformis (Haw.) Bos Luke WRQ sr Mkongani. Small tree 5 m, seldom branched, leaves >4 cm wide. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic? (SA record?) Dracaena deremensis Engl. Robertson SA 4207 Makadara. Shrub 2 m, stems usually green. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Dracaena laxissima Engl. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 242A Mwele-Mdogo. Climber/liana 3 m, leaves elliptic, ca. 12 cm long. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Dracaena mannii Baker Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 5185 (D. usambarensis Engl.) Shimba Hills Lodge. Small tree 4 m, branched, leaves <3.5 cm wide. Pan-African. Sansevieria arborescens Cornu Luke WRQ et al. 5703 Mwaluganje. Shrub 1.2 m, leaves ‘floppy’, irregularly directed, inflorescence paniculate. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Sansevieria conspicua N.E.Br. Luke WRQ sr Godoni. Herb 50 cm, acaulescent, leaf flat grey/green with red margins, inflorescence a spike. Pan-African. Sansevieria fischeri (Baker) Marais Luke WRQ & PA sr (S. singularis N.E.Br.) Mwaluganje FR. Herb 1.2 m, acaulescent, leaf terete, single, inflorescence spicate. Somalia/Masai endemic. Sansevieria gracilis N.E.Br. Luke WRQ sr Chitsanze Sacred Grove. Herb 30 cm, leaves irregularly directed, subterete, inflorescence spicate. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Sansevieria kirkii Baker Luke WRQ sr Chitsanze Sacred Grove. Herb 1.5 m, acaulescent, leaf flat but tapering into pseudopetiole, inflorescence globose. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. ?Sansevieria robusta N.E.Br. Robertson SA & Luke WRQ sr Mwaluganje FR. Herb 1.2 m, stem short, leaves stiff terete in ‘fan’, inflorescence panicle. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region? Sansevieria sp cf conspicua N.E.Br. Magogo FC & Glover PE 918 Near Marere R. Herb, leaves petiolate. ?Hybrid S. kirkii X S. conspicua. (=Adams 114 (Sheet 1 not Sheet 2)). Palmae (Arecaceae) Borassus aethiopum Mart. Risley's Ridge & valley. Tree 20 m. Pan-African. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA sr 104 Elaeis guineensis Jacq. Shimba Hills NR. Tree 15 m. Pan-Tropical. Hyphaene compressa H.Wendl. Risley's Ridge & Valley. Tree 15 m. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Hyphaene coriacea Gaertn. Shimba Hills NR. Small tree 4 m. Pan-Tropical. Phoenix reclinata Jacq. Shimba Hills. Tree 15 m. Pan-African. Raphia farinifera (Gaertn.) Hylander Reported without locality. Tree 20 m. Pan-Tropical. Pandanaceae Pandanus rabaiensis Rendle Godoni. Small tree 4 m. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Q. Luke Shimba Hills Survey Unit 56 Luke WRQ & Robertson SA sr Shimba Hills Survey Unit 42 Moomaw JC 1289 Magogo FC & Glover PE sr? Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2827 Hypoxidaceae Curculigo pilosa (Schumach. & Thonn.) Engl. Magogo FC & Glover PE 469 Longomwagandi area. Herb 25 cm, flowers single, yellow. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rare in Kenya. Hypoxis angustifolia Lam. Magogo FC & Glover PE 211 Longomwagandi area. Herb 30 cm, flowers yellow in 3-5 corymbs. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Taccaceae Tacca leontopetaloides (L.) Kuntze Kivumoni Wireless Station. Herb 1.5 m. Pan-Tropical. Magogo FC & Glover PE 484 Burmanniaceae Afrothismia baerae Cheek Longomwagandi. Herb 3 cm, white/purple, without chlorophyll Kenya Coast endemic. Rare in a world sense. Only known from Type. Baer S sn. Orchidaceae Acampe pachyglossa Rchb.f. Robertson SA & Luke WRQ sr Shimba Hills Lodge. Epiphyte, flowers yellow with red streaks. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Aerangis hologlottis (Schltr.) Schltr. Luke WRQ 1640 Mwele-Mdogo. Epiphyte, leaves 3.5 cm, flowers white, spike 5 cm with black bracts. Pan-Tropical. Rare in Kenya. Checklist of the plants of the Shimba Hills, Kenya 105 Aerangis kirkii (Rchb.f.) Schltr. Luke WRQ & Kahumbu P sr Longomwagandi. Epiphyte, leaves to 15 cm, flowers white, spike to 17 cm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Angraecum eburneum Bory ssp. giryamae (Rendle) Senghas & P.J.Cribb Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje FR. Epiphyte or lythophyte, leaves >20 cm, flowers green & white. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rare in Kenya. Angraecum viride Kraenzl. Luke WRQ 1848 Mwele Forest. Epiphyte, stems elongate ca. 20 cm, flattened, flowers green. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in a world sense. First for Kenya. Ansellia africana Lindl. Magogo FC & Glover PE 1078 Longomwagandi. Epiphyte, 40 cm, flowers yellow spotted reddish/brown. Pan-African. Bolusiella sp Luke WRQ 5270 Longomwagandi. Epiphyte, 2.5 cm. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Bonatea rabaiensis (Rendle) Rolfe Luke WRQ & PA 4507 Mwaluganje FR. Terrestrial 40 cm, from woolly tuber, flowers green/white. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in Kenya. Bulbophyllum maximum (Lindl.) Rchb.f. Magogo FC & Glover PE 582 Giriama Point. Epiphyte, inflorescence 40 cm, flattened > 2 cm wide, flowers white /maroon. Pan-African. Bulbophyllum scaberulum (Rolfe) Bolus Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 6013 Mwaluganje FR. Epiphyte, inflorescence <20 cm, flat but <1 cm wide, flowers mostly maroon. Pan-African. Cynorkis kirkii Rolfe Luke WRQ & Pakia M 5278 Towards Risley's Ridge. Terrestrial 30 cm, flowers pink/mauve. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rare in Kenya. Cyrtorchis arcuata (Lindl.) Schltr. Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje FR. Epiphyte, 30 cm, flowers cream fading to orange. Pan-African. Diaphananthe rutila (Rchb.f.) Summerh. Luke WRQ & Robertson SA sr Kivumoni area. Epiphyte, 15 cm, flowers flesh or beige. Pan-African. Disperis aphylla Kraenzl. ssp. aphylla Magogo FC & Glover PE 981 Longomwagandi. Terrestrial 20 cm, leafless, flowers white with pink/purple. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Eulophia cucullata (Sw.) Steud. Luke WRQ 3155 Kidongo area, towards KIFCON Transect 19, 20, 23. Terrestrial 50 cm, flowers pink. Pan-African. Eulophia horsfallii (Bateman) Summerh. Bally PRO & Smith 14360* Near Kivumoni Gate. Terrestrial 2 m, flowers pink/purple with yellow. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Eulophia livingstoniana (Rchb.f.) Summerh. Magogo FC & Glover PE 203 Longomwagandi area. Terrestrial 50 cm, flowers lilac with purple lip. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Eulophia speciosa (Lindl.) Bolus Magogo FC & Glover PE 480 Kivumoni Wireless Station. Terrestrial 60 cm, flowers yellow with purple on lip. Pan-African. 106 Q. Luke Habenaria kilimanjari Rchb.f Dale IR 3547 Near Mwele. Terrestrial 90 cm, petals 2 lobed, flowers white, spur <3 cm tip green. Pan-African. Habenaria perrieri Schltr. Drummond RB & Hemsley JH 3967* Mwele-Mdogo. Terrestrial 60 cm, petals 2 lobed, flowers greenish, spur <3 cm. Pan-Tropical. Rare in Kenya. Habenaria plectromaniaca Rchb.f. Luke WRQ 3317 Sheldrick Falls area. Terrestrial 80 cm, petals 2 lobed, flowers white/green, spur >4 cm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in Kenya. Habenaria stylites Rchb.f. & S.Moore Cunningham-van Someren GR Sh 17 Manolo/Chasimba River. Terrestrial 30 cm, 2 basal leaves, flowers white. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in Kenya. Habenaria trilobulata Schltr. Luke WRQ 3116 Risley's Ridge. Terrestrial 2 basal leaves, flowers pale green. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Microcoelia exilis Lindl. Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje FR. Epiphyte, flowers white, 3 mm with globose spur. Pan-African. Microcoelia megalorrhiza (Rchb.f.) Summerh. Luke WRQ & Chidzinga S sr Mwaluganje FR. Epiphyte or terresrial stem 3 cm, roots verrucose 30 cm, flowers white 12 mm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rare in Kenya. Microcoelia obovata Summerh. Saunders PJR in EAH11247 Kwale. Epiphyte, flowers white with orange column, 14 mm, lip obovate. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Microcoelia physophora (Rchb.f.) Summerh. Luke WRQ 3480 Longomwagandi. Epiphyte, flowers whitish green, 4 mm, spur swollen at apex. Pan-Tropical. Rare in Kenya. Nervilia crociformis (Zoll. & Mor.) Seidenf. Luke WRQ 3129 Mkongani. Terrestrial single leaf rounded with white hairs. Pan-African. Rare in Kenya. First for Kenya. Nervilia kotschyi (Rchb.f.) Schltr. var. kotschyi Luke WRQ 3596 Clark Plot. Terrestrial leaf 1, flowers precocious, inflorescence 28 cm, flowers 2+, white/green with purple. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Nervilia petraea (Pers.) Summerh. Luke WRQ 3119 Near Risley's, KIFCON Transect 8. Terrestrial, leaf purple under, flowers precocious, flower 1, 3 cm, white with yellow. Pan-African. Rare in Kenya. Second for Kenya. Oeceoclades maculata (Lindl.) Lindl. Luke WRQ & PA 4506 Mwaluganje FR. Terrestrial 15 cm, leaves grey/green mottled, flowers white/pink. Pan-Tropical. Rare in Kenya. Oeceoclades saundersiana (Rchb.f.) Garay & P.Taylor Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 6007 Mwaluganje FR. Terrestrial 40 cm, flowers purple/brown. Pan-African. Platycoryne crocea (Rchb.f.) Rolfe ssp. crocea Luke WRQ & Pakia M 7460A Near Risley's Ridge. Terrestrial 40 cm, flowers orange. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rare in Kenya. Checklist of the plants of the Shimba Hills, Kenya 107 Polystachya cultriformis (Thouars) Spreng. Bayliss RDA H93/57/2 Kwale. Epiphyte 30 cm, leaf single >1 cm wide, flowers pink or yellow. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. ?Polystachya modesta Rchb.f. Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 6009 Mwaluganje FR. Epiphyte, leaves 2+, inflorescence branched, flowers yellow, no callus. Pan-African? Rare in Kenya? Polystachya sp cf disiformis P.J.Cribb Luke WRQ 2933 Mwele Forest. Epiphyte orchid ca. 5 cm. Rare in a world sense? In hort Ukunda, not flowered. Polystachya tessellata Lindl. Luke WRQ 3111 Near Risley's, KIFCON Transect 8. Epiphyte, leaves 2+, inflorescence branched, flowers yellow, callus on lip. Pan-African. Solenangis aphylla (Thouars) Summerh. Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje FR. Epiphyte & terrestrial, stem to 40 cm, leafless, flowers white with red/brown. Pan-Tropical. Solenangis wakefieldii (Rolfe) P.J.Cribb & J.Stewart Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje FR. Epiphyte, scandent, stem 1 m, leaf bilobed at apex, flower white with spur 6 cm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Tridactyle bicaudata (Lindl.) Schltr. Luke WRQ et al. 7083 Mwaluganje. Epiphyte, in large clumps, flowers yellow/green, lip trilobed, fringed. Pan-African. Vanilla sp Magogo FC & Glover PE 583 Giriama Point. Epiphyte & terrestrial. Pan-African/Pan-Tropical? Not found in EA. Either V. ramosa Rolfe or V. roscheri Rchb.f. Cyperaceae Abildgaardia ovata (Burm.f.) Kral Magogo FC & Glover PE 384 (Fimbristylis monostachyos (L.) Hassk.) Longomwagandi area. Herb 30 cm. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Bulbostylis burchellii (Ficalho & Hiern) C.B.Clarke Rexton Karisa sn (Abildgaardia burchellii (Fic. & Hiern) Lye) Kwale High School. Herb 50 cm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in a world sense. Bulbostylis contexta (Nees) Bodard Magogo FC & Glover PE 356 Longomwagandi. Herb 30 cm. Kenya Coast endemic, (=Drummond RB &Hemsley JH 3643) Bulbostylis filamentosa (Vahl) C.B.Clarke Magogo FC & Glover PE 231 (Abildgaardia filamentosa (Vahl) Lye) Marere Hill area. Herb 20 cm. Pan-Tropical. Rare in Kenya. Bulbostylis hispidula (Vahl) R.W.Haines ssp. halophila (Lye) R.W.Haines Moomaw JC 816 (Abildgaardia hispidula (Vahl) Lye ssp. halophila Lye) Matuga. Herb 50 cm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in Kenya. 108 Q. Luke Bulbostylis hispidula (Vahl) R.W.Haines ssp. Hispidula Cunningham-van Someren GR Sh107 (Fimbristylis exilis (H.B.K.) Roem. & Schult., Abildgaardia hispidula (Vahl) Lye ssp. hispidula) Makadara. Herb 15 cm. Pan-Tropical. Bulbostylis pilosa (Willd.) Cherm. Drummond RB & Hemsley JH 1174 (Abildgaardia pilosa (Willd.) Nees) Mwele-Mdogo. Herb 40 cm, base white woolly. Pan-African. Bulbostylis sp Magogo FC & Estes R 1177 Herb 35 cm. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Cyperus alternifolius L. ssp. flabelliformis (Rottb.) Kük. Luke WRQ & PA sr (Cyperus involucratus Rottb.) Mwaluganje FR. Herb 1.2 m. Pan-African? Rare on the Kenyan coast. Cyperus amabilis Vahl Magogo FC & Glover PE 1024 Longomwagandi area. Herb 20 cm. Pan-Tropical. Cyperus circumclusus (C.B.Clarke) Kük. Magogo FC & Glover PE 316 (Mariscus circumclusus C.B.Clarke) Longomwagandi. Herb 45 cm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Cyperus compressus L. Magogo FC & Glover PE 1064 Shimba Settlement Road. Herb 60 cm. Pan-Tropical. Cyperus cyperoides (L.) Kuntze ssp. cyperoides Magogo FC & Glover PE 351 (Mariscus sieberianus Steud.) Longomwagandi area. Herb 60 cm. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Cyperus cyperoides (L.) Kuntze ssp. flavus Lye Magogo FC & Estes R 1218 (Mariscus alternifolius Vahl) Herb 60 cm. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Cyperus denudatus L.f. var. denudatus Magogo FC & Glover PE 339 Longomwagandi. Herb 60 cm. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Cyperus difformis L. Magogo FC & Glover PE 556 Risley’s Ridge. Herb 50 cm. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Cyperus distans L.f. ssp. distans Luke WRQ et al. 5717 Mwaluganje. Herb 70 cm. Pan-Tropical. Cyperus distans L.f. ssp. longibracteatus (Cherm.) Lye Magogo FC & Glover PE 549 (Mariscus longibracteatus Cherm.) Mkurumuji Point. Herb 60 cm. Pan-Tropical. Checklist of the plants of the Shimba Hills, Kenya 109 Cyperus dubius Rottb. ssp. macrocephalus (C.B.Clarke) Lye Magogo FC & Glover PE 307A (Mariscus dubius (Rottb.) Hutch. var. macrocephalus (C.B.Clarke) Chiov.) Kwale Forest. Herb 50 cm. Pan-African. Cyperus exaltatus Retz. Luke WRQ et al. 5718 Mwaluganje. Herb 1.5 m. Pan-Tropical. Cyperus foliaceus C.B.Clarke Magogo FC & Glover PE 103 Longomwagandi. Herb 50 cm. Pan-African. Rare in Kenya. Cyperus globifer (C.B.Clarke) Lye Drummond RB & Hemsley JH 1092 (Mariscus globifer C.B.Clarke) Cha Simba Forest. Herb 40 cm, bulbous base, heads white. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in Kenya. Cyperus grandis C.B.Clarke Luke WRQ et al. 5714 Mwaluganje. Herb 2.5 m. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in Kenya. Cyperus hemisphaericus Boeck. Luke WRQ 3199 (Mariscus hemisphaericus (Boeck.) C.B.Clarke) Tsimba to Makobe. Herb 1.5 m, head cream, spikelets curved. Pan-Tropical. Cyperus latifolius Poir. Magogo FC & Glover PE 576 Risley’s Ridge. Herb 1.5 m. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Cyperus microumbellatus Lye Magogo FC & Glover PE 323 Longomwagandi area. Herb 15 cm, probably hybrid vide Haines & Lye. Kenya Coast endemic. Rare in a world sense. Sheet not found in EA. Cyperus niveus Retz. var. leucocephalus (Kunth) Fosberg Ross K 164 Longomwagandi area. Herb 50 cm, heads white. Pan-Tropical. Cyperus pluribracteatus (Kük.) ined. Luke WRQ & PA 4505 (Mariscus psilostachys C.B.Clarke) Mwaluganje FR. Herb 60 cm. Kenya Coast endemic? Rare in a world sense? Cyperus prolifer Lam. Magogo FC & Glover PE 119 Longomwagandi. Herb 1.2 m. Pan-Tropical. Cyperus renschii Boeck. var. renschii Magogo FC & Glover PE 135 Pengo Hill. Herb 1.2 m. Pan-Tropical. Cyperus rotundus L. ssp. ?tuberosa (Rottb.) Kük. Luke WRQ et al. 5715 Mwaluganje. Herb 60 cm. Pan-Tropical? Cyperus sp aff luteus Boeck. Magogo FC & Glover PE 451 (Mariscus sp aff luteus (Boeck.) C.B.Clarke) Kivumoni. Herb 60 cm. Pan-Tropical. 110 Q. Luke Cyperus sp aff margaritaceus Vahl Magogo FC & Glover PE 264 Longomwagandi area. Herb 50 cm. Cyperus sp nr diurensis Boeck. Luke WRQ et al. 3335 (Mariscus sp nr diurensis (Boeck.) C.B.Clarke) Kaya Teleza. Herb 30 cm. Kenya Coast endemic? Cyperus tenax Boeck. var. tenax Luke WRQ & PA 4384 Mwaluganje Elephant Sanctuary. Herb 50 cm, spikelets reddish. Pan-African. Cyperus zollingeri Steud. Luke WRQ & PA sr Mwaluganje. Herb 20 cm. Pan-Tropical. Rare in Kenya. Fimbristylis sp Luke WRQ & PA 6026 Mwaluganje. Herb 40 cm. Fimbristylis dichotoma (L.) Vahl Luke WRQ et al. 6186 Marere. Herb 40 cm. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Fimbristylis littoralis Gaudich. Luke WRQ et al. 5712 Mwaluganje. Herb 40 cm. Pan-African? Rare on the Kenyan coast. Fuirena ciliaris (L.) Roxb. forma ciliaris Luke WRQ et al. 5711 Mwaluganje. Herb 30 cm. Pan-Tropical. Fuirena claviseta A.Peter Luke WRQ & PA 4385 Mwaluganje Elephant Sanctuary. Herb 40 cm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic? Rare on the Kenyan coast. Fuirena ochreata Kunth Magogo FC & Glover PE 163 (F. calolepis K.Schum.) Longomwagandi area. Herb 60 cm. Pan-Tropical. Fuirena umbellata Rottb. Luke WRQ & PA 6027 Mwaluganje. Herb 60 cm, stems 5-angled. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Kyllinga erecta Schumach. var. erecta Luke WRQ et al. 5716 Mwaluganje. Herb 60 cm. Pan-Tropical. Kyllinga polyphylla Kunth Magogo FC & Glover PE 108 (K.erecta Schumach. var. polyphylla (Kunth) S.S.Hooper, Cyperus aromaticus (Ridley) Mattf. & Kük.) Longomwagandi. Herb 60 cm. Pan-Tropical. Pycreus macrostachyos (Lam.) J.Raynal Luke WRQ & PA 5728 Mwaluganje. Herb 80 cm. Somalia/Masai endemic. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Pycreus polystachyos (Rottb.) P.Beauv. Drummond RB &.Hemsley JH 1163 var. laxiflorus (Benth.) C.B.Clarke (Cyperus polystachyos Rottb. ssp. laxiflorus (Benth.) Lye Herb 60 cm. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Checklist of the plants of the Shimba Hills, Kenya 111 Pycreus polystachyos (Rottb.) P.Beauv. var. polystachyos Luke WRQ et al. 5719 Mwaluganje. Herb 60 cm. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Rhynchospora perrieri Cherm. Bogdan A 5347 Matuga to Kwale. Herb 30 cm. Pan-Tropical. Rare in Kenya. Scleria bambariensis Cherm. Bogdan A 3344 Matuga. Herb 60 cm. Pan-Tropical. Rare in Kenya. Napper det S. parvula Steud., but panicles single. Scleria lithosperma (L.) Sw. Magogo FC & Glover PE 98 Marere. Herb 60 cm. Pan-Tropical. Scleria racemosa Poir. Luke WRQ 3607 Mwachemwana River. Herb 60 cm. Pan-Tropical. Gramineae (Poaceae) Acroceras attenuatum Renvoize Magogo FC & Glover PE 235 Marere. Herb 40 cm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Alloteropsis papillosa Clayton Robertson SA 3396 Makadara. Herb 70 cm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Specimen not seen. ?Alloteropsis semialata (R.Br.) Hitchc. Drummond RB & Hemsley JH 3838 Kwale. Herb 1 m. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Specimen on loan. No K7 in FTEA. Andropogon canaliculatus Schumach. Magogo FC & Glover PE 612* Kwale, near wireless Station (Kivumoni?). Herb 1 m. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Andropogon chinensis (Nees) Merr. Bogdan A 3316 Herb 1.5 m. Pan-Tropical. Andropogon schirensis A.Rich. Moomaw JC 1217* Shimba Hills. Herb 2 m. Pan-African. Aristida adscensionis L. Magogo FC & Glover PE 704 Near Marere. Herb 1 m. Pan-Tropical. Aristida barbicollis Trin. & Rupr. Magogo FC & Glover PE 329 Longomwagandi area. Herb 75 cm. Pan-African. Aristida mutabilis Trin. & Rupr. Magogo FC & Glover PE 521 Mkongani. Herb 30 cm. Pan-Tropical. Aristida stenostachya Clayton Magogo FC & Glover PE 692 Near Marere. Herb 75 cm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. 112 Axonopus flexuosus (Peter) Troupin Mwachemwana River. Herb 70 cm. Pan-African. Rare in Kenya. Bothriochloa bladhii (Retz.) S.T.Blake Longomwagandi area. Herb 1.5 m. Pan-Tropical. Bothriochloa insculpta (A.Rich.) A.Camus Kwale. Herb 1.5 m. Pan-Tropical. Brachiaria brizantha (A.Rich.) Stapf Longomwagandi area. Herb 1.5 m. Pan-African. Brachiaria deflexa (Schumach.) Robyns Kwale. Herb 45 cm. Pan-Tropical. Brachiaria dictyoneura (Fig. & De Not.) Stapf Shimba Hills. Herb. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Brachiaria humidicola (Rendle) Schweick. Longomwagandi. Herb 70 cm. Pan-African. Rare in Kenya. Specimen not seen. Brachiaria leucacrantha (K.Schum.) Stapf Near Marere. Herb 30 cm. Pan-African. Brachiaria subquadripara (Trin.) Hitchc. Mwaluganje. Herb 40 cm. Pan-Tropical. Cenchrus ciliaris L. Mwaluganje. Herb 1 m. Pan-Tropical. Cenchrus echinatus L. Mwaluganje. Herb 40 cm, burrs spiny. Pan-Tropical. Cenchrus mitis Andersson Kwale. Herb 60 cm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Chloris barbata Sw. Mwaluganje. Herb 50 cm, spikes purplish. Pan-Tropical. Chloris gayana Kunth Longomwagandi. Herb 1.5 m. Pan-Tropical. Chloris mossambicensis K.Schum. Kwale. Herb 60 cm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Chloris pycnothrix Trin. Marere Hill. Herb 50 cm. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Q. Luke Luke PA & WRQ 3611 Magogo FC & Glover PE 964* Tateoka 3023 Magogo FC & Glover PE 206 Magogo FC & Glover PE 814 Moomaw JC 970* Magogo FC & Glover PE 901* Magogo FC & Glover PE 714 Luke WRQ & PA 6261 Luke WRQ & PA sr Luke WRQ & PA 6266 Magogo FC & Glover PE 816 Luke WRQ & PA 6263 Magogo FC & Glover PE sr Magogo FC & Glover PE 823 Magogo FC & Glover PE 240 Checklist of the plants of the Shimba Hills, Kenya 113 Chloris roxburghiana Schult. Luke WRQ & PA 6260 Mwaluganje. Herb 70 cm, heads silvery. Pan-Tropical. Ctenium concinnum Nees Moomaw JC 1156* Shimba Hills. Herb 1 m. Pan-African. Rare in Kenya. Ctenium somalense (Chiov.) Chiov. Bogdan A 3905* Shimba Hills. Herb 1 m. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Cymbopogon caesius (Hook. & Arn.) Stapf Magogo FC & Glover PE 557* (C. excavatus (Hochst.) Stapf) Mkurumuji Point. Herb 1.2 m. Pan-Tropical. Cynodon nlemfuensis Vanderyst var. nlemfuensis Luke WRQ & PA 6258 Mwaluganje. Herb 30 cm, creeping. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. First Kwale District. Cyrtococcum trigonum (Retz.) A.Camus Luke WRQ & PA 8196 Mwele Forest. Herb trailing 40 cm. Pan-Tropical. Dactyloctenium aegyptium (L.) Willd. Magogo FC & Glover PE 1081 Longomwagandi area. Herb 45 cm. Pan-Tropical. Dactyloctenium geminatum Hack. Moomaw JC 1245 Shimba Hills. Herb 75 cm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Digitaria argyrotricha (Andersson) Chiov. Luke WRQ & PA 6262 Mwaluganje. Herb 40 cm. Pan-African. Digitaria diagonalis (Nees) Stapf var. uniglumis (A.Rich.) Pilg. Magogo FC & Glover PE 233 Marere. Herb 1.2 m. Pan-African. Digitaria milanjiana (Rendle) Stapf Magogo FC & Glover PE 296* Near Kwale. Herb 1.5 m. Pan-African. Diheteropogon amplectens (Nees) Clayton var. amplectens Magogo FC & Glover PE 57* Longomwagandi. Herb 1.2 m. Pan-African. Echinochloa colona (L.) Link Luke WRQ & PA 6269 Mwaluganje. Herb 40 cm. Pan-Tropical. Echinochloa haploclada (Stapf) Stapf Luke WRQ & PA 6259 Mwaluganje. Herb 120 cm, spikelets purplish. Pan-African. Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn. ssp. indica Luke WRQ & PA 6256 Mwaluganje. Herb 50 cm. Pan-Tropical. 114 Q. Luke Enteropogon macrostachyus (A.Rich.) Benth. Magogo FC & Glover PE 888 Near Marere. Herb 1 m. Pan-African. Eragrostis ciliaris (L.) R.Br. Magogo FC & Glover PE 820 Herb 40 cm. Pan-Tropical. Eragrostis exasperata Peter Heady 1375 Shimba Hills. Herb 40 cm. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Eragrostis homomalla Nees Estes 29* Shimba Hills. Herb 40 cm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Rare in Kenya. Eragrostis inamoena K.Schum. Moomaw JC 1158 Herb 70 cm. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. No K7 in FTEA. Eragrostis perbella K.Schum. Bogdan A 3320* Shimba Hills. Herb 80 cm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Eragrostis racemosa (Thunb.) Steud. Magogo FC & Glover PE 229 Marere Hill. Herb 50 cm. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Eragrostis superba Peyr. Luke WRQ & PA 6270 Mwaluganje. Herb 70 cm. Pan-African. Eragrostis tenuifolia (A.Rich.) Steud. Magogo FC & Glover PE 697 Near Marere. Herb 60 cm. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Eriochloa fatmensis (Hochst. & Steud.) Clayton Magogo FC & Glover PE 696 Near Marere. Herb 80 cm. Pan-Tropical. Eriochloa meyerana (Nees) Pilg. Luke WRQ & PA 6265 Mwaluganje. Herb 1.5 m. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. First Kwale District. Eriochloa parvispiculata C.E.Hubb. Luke WRQ & PA 6264 Mwaluganje. Herb 1 m, spikes light green. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Eustachys paspaloides (Vahl) Lanza & Mattei Magogo FC & Glover PE 372 Longomwagandi. Herb 45 cm. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Hackelochloa granularis (L.) Kuntze Luke WRQ 3301 Mkingani (Alexander Plot). Herb 70 cm. Pan-Tropical. Heteropogon contortus (L.) Roem. & Schult. Magogo FC & Glover PE 399 Kwale Forest. Herb 60 cm. Pan-Tropical. Hylebates chlorochloe (K.Schum.) Napper Magogo FC & Glover PE 944* Longomwagandi. Herb 1.2 m. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Rare in Kenya. Checklist of the plants of the Shimba Hills, Kenya 115 Hyparrhenia filipendula (Hochst.) Stapf Magogo FC & Estes R 1212A Kwale-Mombasa. Herb 1.5 m. Pan-Tropical. Hyparrhenia poecilotricha (Hack.) Stapf Ross K 102 Marere Hill. Herb 1 m. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Hyparrhenia rufa (Nees) Stapf Magogo FC & Glover PE 658 Sheldrick Falls. Herb 1.8 m. Pan-African. Hyperthelia dissoluta (Steud.) Clayton Magogo FC & Glover PE 63* Longomwagandi. Herb 2.5 m. Pan-African. Imperata cylindrica (L.) Raeusch. Magogo FC & Glover PE 381 Longomwagandi area. Herb 1 m. Pan-Tropical. Leptaspis zeylanica Steud. Drummond RB & Hemsley JH 1127* (Leptaspis cochleata Thwaites) Mwele Mdogo Forest. Herb 60 cm. Pan-Tropical. Rare in Kenya. Leptochloa obtusiflora Hochst. Magogo FC & Glover PE 871 Near Marere. Herb 1 m. Pan-Tropical. Leptochloa panicea (Retz.) Ohwi Magogo FC & Glover PE 1051 Vuga-Tiwi. Herb 60 cm. Pan-Tropical. Leptochloa uniflora A.Rich. Magogo FC & Glover PE 368 Longomwagandi area. Herb 1 m. Pan-Tropical. Megastachya mucronata (Poir.) P.Beauv. Robertson SA 3394 Makadara. Herb 1.2 m. Pan-Tropical. Melinus repens (Willd.) Zizka Magogo FC & Glover PE 717 (Rhynchelytrum repens (Willd.) C.E.Hubb.) Near Marere. Herb 70 cm. Pan-African. Olyra latifolia L. Verdcourt B 3930* Shimba Hills. Herb 2.5 m. Pan-Tropical. Oplismenus compositus (L.) P.Beauv. Magogo FC & Glover PE 940* Longomwagandi. Herb 40 cm. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Oplismenus hirtellus (L.) P.Beauv. Luke WRQ et al. 6181 Near Kaya Kwale. Herb trailing 50 cm, spikelets with red hairs. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Oryza punctata Steud. Luke WRQ 3602 Mwachemwana River. Herb 50 cm. Pan-Tropical. 116 Panicum atrosanguineum A.Rich. Longomwagandi area. Herb 30 cm. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Panicum brevifolium L. Longomwagandi. Herb 60 cm. Pan-Tropical. Panicum deustum Thunb. Kwale Forest. Herb 1.5 m. Pan-African. Panicum hippothrix K.Schum. Herb 70 cm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Panicum infestum Peters Shimba Hills. Herb 1.5 m. Pan-African. Panicum laticomum Nees Kwale near Wireless Station (Kivumoni?). Herb 1 m. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic+one other region. Panicum maximum Jacq. Longomwagandi. Herb 2 m. Pan-African. Panicum parvifolium Lam. Marere. Herb 30 cm. Pan-Tropical. Rare in Kenya. Panicum pleianthum Peter Makadara. Herb 40 cm. Zanzibar-Inhambane endemic. Panicum sp Kwale. Herb 20 cm. Panicum trichocladum K.Schum. Longomwagandi area. Herb 1 m. Pan-African. Paspalidium punctatum (Burm.) A.Camus Longomwagandi. Herb 1.5 m. Pan-Tropical. Rare in Kenya. Paspalum glumaceum Clayton Kwale. Herb 45 cm. Pan-Tropical. Rare in Kenya. Paspalum scrobiculatum L. (incl. Paspalum auriculatum J.Presl & C.Presl) Longomwagandi area. Herb 60 cm. Pan-Tropical. Pennisetum polystachion (L.) Schult. ssp. polystachion Kwale. Herb 1.5 m. Pan-Tropical. Perotis hildebrandtii Mez Longomwagandi. Herb 30 cm. Pan-Tropical. Q. Luke Magogo FC & Glover PE 187* Magogo FC & Glover PE 114* Magogo FC & Glover PE 281 Heady 1378 Magogo FC & Glover PE 828* Magogo FC & Glover PE 457* Magogo FC & Glover PE 395* Luke WRQ et al. 4332 Robertson SA 3395A Magogo FC & Glover PE 670 Magogo FC & Glover PE 332 Magogo FC & Glover PE 115* Magogo FC & Glover PE 664* Magogo FC & Glover PE 324* Magogo FC & Glover PE 824* Magogo FC & Glover PE 369 Checklist of the plants of the Shimba Hills, Kenya 117 Perotis patens Gand. Magogo FC & Glover PE 109* Longomwagandi. Herb 45 cm. Pan-Tropical. Rhytachne rottboellioides Desv. Moomaw JC 1155* Shimba Hills. Herb 80 cm. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Rottboellia cochinchinensis (Lour.) Clayton Magogo FC & Glover PE 1135 Longomwagandi. Herb 3 m. Pan-Tropical. Sacciolepis curvata (L.) Chase Magogo FC & Glover PE 672 Longomwagandi area. Herb 45 cm. Pan-Tropical. Schizachyrium sanguineum (Retz.) Alston Magogo FC & Glover PE 511* Pengo Hill. Herb 60 cm. Pan-Tropical. Setaria incrassata (Hochst.) Hack. Ross K 17 Marere Hill. Herb 1.5 m. Pan-African. Setaria megaphylla (Steud.) T.Durand. & Schinz Magogo FC & Glover PE 393 (incl. S. plicatilis (Hochst.) Engl.) Longomwagandi area. Herb 1.5 m. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Setaria pumila (Poir.) Roem. & Schult. Magogo FC & Glover PE 1085 Kwale Forest. Herb 1 m. Pan-Tropical. Setaria sphacelata (Schumach.) Moss var. aurea (A.Br.) Clayton Magogo FC & Glover PE 23 Giriama Point area. Herb 1.5 m. Pan-Tropical. Setaria sphacelata (Schumach.) Moss var. sphacelata Moomaw JC 1254* Shimba Hill. Herb 1 m. Pan-African. Sporobolus congoensis Franch. Magogo FC & Glover PE 550* Mkurumuji Point. Herb 45 cm. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Sporobolus pyramidalis P.Beauv. Luke WRQ & PA 6268 Mwaluganje. Herb 1.5 m. Pan-Tropical. Sporobolus subglobosus A.Chev. Moomaw JC 1096* Giriama Point. Herb 70 cm. Pan-African. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Sporobolus tenuissimus (Schrank) Kuntze Moomaw JC 1278 Makadara. Herb 50 cm. Pan-Tropical. Tetrapogon tenellus (Roxb.) Chiov. Magogo FC & Glover PE 881 Near Marere. Herb 90 cm. Pan-Tropical. 118 Themeda triandra Forssk. Shimba Hills. Herb 1.5 m. Pan-Tropical. Trachypogon spicatus (L.f.) Kuntze Longomwagandi area. Herb 1 m. Pan-Tropical. Rare on the Kenyan coast. Tragus berteronianus Schult. Near Marere. Herb 50 cm. Pan-Tropical. Urochloa trichopus (Hochst.) Stapf Mwaluganje. Herb 1.2 m. Pan-Tropical. Q. Luke Magogo FC & Glover PE 827* Magogo FC & Glover PE 330* Magogo FC & Glover PE 932 Luke WRQ & PA sr Checklist of the plants of the Shimba Hills, Kenya 119 Appendix 1: List of exotic species (arranged alphabetically by family and then genus) that have been recorded from the Shimba Hills area. Family Agavaceae Anacardiaceae Annonaceae Apocynaceae Bignoniaceae Bixaceae Bombacaceae Bromeliaceae Caesalpiniaceae Caricaceae Casuarinaceae Chrysobalanaceae Combretaceae Convolvulaceae Cupressaceae Cycadaceae Euphorbiaceae Gramineae (Poaceae) Labiatae (Lamiaceae) Lauraceae Mimosaceae Moringaceae Musaceae Myrtaceae Nyctaginaceae Palmae Pandanaceae Papilionaceae Passifloraceae Species Agave americana L. Agave sisalana Perrine Anacardium orientale L. Mangifera indica L. Cananga odorata (Lam.) Hook.f. Polyalthia longifolia (Sonn.) Thwaites Catharanthus roseus (L.) G.Don Plumeria obtusa L. Thevetia peruviana (Pers.) Merr. Macfadyena unguis-cati (L.) A.H.Gentry Tabebuia chrysantha (Jacq.) G.Nicholson Bixa orellana L. Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn. Ananas comosus (L.) Merr. Bauhinia variegata L. var. candida Voigt Caesalpinia pulcherrima (L.) Sw. Delonix regia (Hook.) Raf. Senna spectabilis (DC.) Irwin & Barneby Carica papaya L. Casuarina equisetifolia L. Acioa barteri (Oliv.) Engl. Terminalia mantaly Perrier Terminalia catappa L. Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam. Ipomoea carnea Jacq. ssp. fistulosa (Choisy) D.F.Austin Ipomoea hederifolia L. Cupressus lusitanica Miller Cycas thouarsii Gaudich. Acalypha hispida Burm.f. Manihot esculenta Crantz Manihot glaziovii Muell.Arg. Bambusa vulgaris Wendland Common Name Ornamental Sisal Sisal Cashew Mango Ylang-ylang Longleaf Polyalthia Madagascar Periwinkle White Frangipani Thevetia Bignonia Tabebuia Bixa Kapok Pineapple Bauhinia Pride of Barbados Flamboyant Saccharum officinarum L. Zea mays L. Gmelina arborea Roxb. Sugarcane Maize Gmelina Persia americana Miller Albizia lebbek (L.) Benth. Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) Benth. Moringa oleifera Lam. Musa acuminata Colla Eucalyptus sp Psidium guajava L. Bougainvillea sp Cocos nucifera L. Pandanus sp Cajanus cajun (L.) Millsp. Passiflora edulis Sims forma flavicarpa Degener Avocado Albizia Paw-paw Casuarina Family-planning tree Indian Almond Sweet Potato Cupressus Cycad Acalypha Casava Ceara Rubber Common Bamboo Moringa Banana Eucalyptus Guava Bougainvillea Coconut Exotic Pandanus Pigeon Pea Yellow Passion Fruit 120 Family Pinaceae Rutaceae Strelitziaceae Verbenaceae Q. Luke Species Pinus caribea Morelet Citrus aurantiifolia (Christm.) Swingle Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck Strelitzia sp Tectona grandis L. Common Name Caribbean Pine Lime Sweet Orange Strelitzia Teak