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Semelhante a 1 6 tax -asclepiadaceae
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1 6 tax -asclepiadaceae
- 1. PLANT TAXONOMY -ASCLEPIADACEAE R. VELMURUGAN Assistant Professor Ancillary Botany Saiva Bhanu Kshatriya College Aruppukottai BOTRVMSBKCAPK
- 2. ASCLEPIADACEAE COMMON PLANTS COMMON PLANTS ⚫ Calotropis gigantea - Crown Flower - Erukku ⚫ Pergularia daemia - Trellis Vine - Veliparuthi ⚫ Cryptostegia grandiflora - Rubber Vine - KarutaPalai ⚫ ASCLEPIAS Sp. - MilkWeed - MalaiyErukku ⚫ Dischidia rafflesiana - Ant Plant ⚫ Sarcostemma Sp. - Moon Plant ⚫ TYLOPHORA Sp. - Indian Ipecac - NaiPalai ⚫ Hemidesmus indicus - Indian Sarsaparilla - Nannaari BOTRVMSBKCAPK
- 3. ASCLEPIADACEAE Calotropis Sp. - Crown Flower BOTRVMSBKCAPK
- 4. ASCLEPIADACEAE Pergularia sp. - Trellis Vine BOTRVMSBKCAPK
- 5. ASCLEPIADACEAE Cryptostegia sp. - Rubber vine BOTRVMSBKCAPK
- 7. ASCLEPIADACEAE Hemidesmus indicus -Indian Sarsaparilla BOTRVMSBKCAPK
- 8. ASCLEPIADACEAE Dischidia rafflesiana - Ant Plant BOTRVMSBKCAPK
- 9. ASCLEPIADACEAE Sarcostemma Sp. -Moon Plant BOTRVMSBKCAPK
- 10. ASCLEPIADACEAE TYLOPHORA Sp. –Indian Ipecac BOTRVMSBKCAPK
- 11. ASCLEPIADACEAE -Milk Weed Family SYSTAMATIC POSITION ⚫ CLASS : DICOTYLEDONS ⚫ SUB-CLASS : GAMOPETALAE ⚫ SERIES : BICARPELLATE ⚫ ORDER : GENTIANALES ⚫ FAMILY : ASCLEPIADACEAE (Milk Weed Family) ⚫ GENERA : 320 ⚫ SPECIES : 1800 BOTRVMSBKCAPK
- 12. ASCLEPIADACEAE DIAGNOSTIC CHARACTERS DIAGNOSTIC CHARACTERS OF ASCLEPIADACEAE ⚫ Presence of Latex ⚫ Leaves are Opposite -Decussate ⚫ Flowers are Actinomorphic ⚫ Corolla is Corolline Corona ⚫ Filaments are Staminal Corona ⚫ Presence of Translators. ⚫ Sub-Apocarpous Pistil. ⚫ Presence of Gynostegium ⚫ Fruits are A Pair of Follicle. ⚫ Seeds are Comose. BOTRVMSBKCAPK
- 13. ASCLEPIADACEAE GENERAL CHARACTERS GENERAL CHARACTERS OF ASCLEPIADACEAE ⚫ PLANTS are mostly Shrubs and some Herbs and Climbers with Milky Latex. ⚫ LEAVES are Simple, Exstipulate, Opposite-Decussate. ⚫ STEM is Aerial and Herbaceous or Hollow Woody. ⚫ INFLORESENCE is Cymose – Umbellate Cymes. ⚫ FLOWERS are Pedicellate, Bracteate,Bracteolate, Bisexual, Actinomorphic and Hypogynous. ⚫ CALYX Sepals- 5, Polysepalous and Imbricate Aestivation ⚫ COROLLA Petals-5, Gamopetalous and Valvate or Twisted Aestivation. Corolla Ornamented with Hairy Outgrowth, called Corolline Corona. BOTRVMSBKCAPK
- 14. ASCLEPIADACEAE GENERAL CHARACTERS ANDROECIUM ⚫ STAMENS are 5 and Epipetalous. ⚫ FILAMENTS are unit to form a Ornamented Tube around the Gynoecium, called Staminal Corona. ⚫ ANTHERS are Dithecous and are attached to the Stigma to form Gynostegium or Gynostegium. ⚫ POLLENS are in the form of Mass in a Sac Like Structure Called Pollinium. GYNOECIUM ⚫ OVARY is Bicarpellary, Bilocular, Sub-Apocarpous and Superior with Many Ovules on Marginal Placentation. ⚫ STYLE is Simple and Terminal ⚫ STIGMA is Capitate. POLLINATION is Entomophily by Clip Mechanism. FRUIT is a pair of Follicle. SEEDS are Endospermous with Comose Hairs. BOTRVMSBKCAPK
- 15. TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION OF ASCLEPIADACEAE -VEGETATIVE MORPHOLOGY TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION OF ASCLEPIADACEAE VEGETATIVE MORPHOLOGY DISTRIBUTION ⚫ Mostly in Tropical Region. ⚫ 1800 Species Under 320 Genera HABIT ⚫ Mostly Perennial Shrubs and Herbs with Milky Latex. ⚫ Perennial Shrubs - Calotropis ⚫ Perennial Herbs – Asclepias HABITAT ⚫ Xerophytes ROOT ⚫ Branched Tap Root System. BOTRVMSBKCAPK
- 16. TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION OF ASCLEPIADACEAE -VEGETATIVE MORPHOLOGY STEM ⚫ In Calotropis, the stem is Aerial, Erect, Hollow and Woody ⚫ In Asclepias, the stem is Aerial, Erect and herbaceous STEM MODIFICATION ⚫ Twiner Climbers – Pergularia ⚫ Epiphytic Climbers – Dischidia ⚫ Succulent Stem - Sarcostemma Phylloclade ⚫ In Sarcostemma, the leaves are reduced in to Scales and the Stem becomes Fleshy Green to carry the Photosynthesis BOTRVMSBKCAPK
- 17. TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION OF ASCLEPIADACEAE -VEGETATIVE MORPHOLOGY LEAVES ⚫ Simple, Petiolate or Sessile, Exstipulate, Opposite- Decussate and Reticulate Venation. LEAF MODIFICATION ⚫ Pitcher Like Leaves ⚫ Dischidia is a Epiphytic Weak Stem Insectivorous Plant. ⚫ In Dischidia, the Leaves are Modified in to Pitcher Like Structure for Collect Insects and Gets Mineral Nutrients. BOTRVMSBKCAPK
- 18. TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION OF ASCLEPIADACEAE -VEGETATIVE MORPHOLOGY BOTRVMSBKCAPK • The Insect -Ants, Died and Decay in to Simpler Mineral Compounds when Fall on Rain Water of the Pitcher. • The Dischidia Develops Adventitious Root from the Stem or Petiole that enters the Pitcher and Absorb the Water and Simpler Mineral Nutrients.
- 19. TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION OF ASCLEPIADACEAE REPRODUCTIVE MORPHOLOGY REPRODUCTIVE MORPHOLOGY INFLORESENCE ⚫ Terminal or Axillary ⚫ Cymose – Umbellate Cyme. FLOWER ⚫ Pedicellate, Bracteate, Ebracteolate, Complete, Bisexual, Regular, Actinomorphic, Pentamerous and Hypogynous. CALYX ⚫ Sepals–5, Polysepalous and Imbricate Aestivation COROLLA ⚫ Petals –5, Gamopetalous, Valvate or Imbricate Aestivation. Corolla is Ornamented with Hairy Outgrowth, this Corolla is called Corolline Corona. BOTRVMSBKCAPK
- 20. TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION OF ASCLEPIADACEAE REPRODUCTIVE MORPHOLOGY ANDROECIUM ⚫ STAMENS are 5 and Epipetalous. ⚫ FILAMENTS are unit to form Ornamented Tube around the Gynoecium, called Staminal Corona. ⚫ ANTHERS are Dithecous and are attached to the Stigma to form Gynostegium or Gynostemium. BOTRVMSBKCAPK
- 21. TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION OF ASCLEPIADACEAE REPRODUCTIVE MORPHOLOGY BOTRVMSBKCAPK POLLENS or POLLENGRAINS POLLENS are Collected in a Bags called Translators. • A Translator consists of a Sac-like structure called the Pollinium, a narrow Stalk called Caudicle and a sticky Disc base called Corpusculum • The Pollinium contains Many of Pollengrains. • Translator is of Two types, namely • Spoon Shaped Translator -Cryptostegia • Clip Shaped Translator -Calotropis
- 22. TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION OF ASCLEPIADACEAE REPRODUCTIVE MORPHOLOGY GYNOECIUM ⚫ OVARY is Bicarpellary, Bilocular, Sub-Apocarpous and Superior with Many Ovules on Marginal Placentation. ⚫ STYLE is Simple and Terminal ⚫ STIGMA is Capitate. POLLINATION is Entomophily by Clip or Translator Mechanism FRUIT is a Pair of Follicle. SEEDS are Endospermous with Comose Hairs. BOTRVMSBKCAPK
- 23. ASCLEPIADACEAE TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION OF CALOTROPIS Sp. TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION OF CALOTROPIS Sp. HABIT ⚫ Highly branched Shrub with Milky Latex. HABITAT ⚫ Mesophytes ROOT ⚫ Branched Tap Root System. STEM ⚫ Aerial, Erect, Hollow and Woody LEAVES ⚫ Simple, Sessile, Exstipulate, Opposite-Decussate and Reticulate Venation. BOTRVMSBKCAPK
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- 25. ASCLEPIADACEAE TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION OF CALOTROPIS Sp. INFLORESENCE ⚫ Cymose – Umbellate Cyme. FLOWER ⚫ Pedicellate, Bracteate, Ebracteolate, Complete, Bisexual, Regular, Actinomorphic, Pentamerous and Hypogynous. CALYX ⚫ Sepals–5, Polysepalous and Imbricate Aestivation COROLLA ⚫ Petals –5, Gamopetalous, Valvate Imbricate Aestivation. Corolla is Ornamented with Hairy Outgrowth, this Corolla is called Corolline Corona. BOTRVMSBKCAPK
- 26. ASCLEPIADACEAE TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION OF CALOTROPIS Sp. ANDROECIUM ⚫ STAMENS are 5 and Epipetalous. ⚫ FILAMENTS are unit to form Ornamented Tube around the Gynoecium, called Staminal Corona. ⚫ ANTHERS are Dithecous and are attached to the Stigma to form Gynostegium or Gynostemium. GYNOECIUM ⚫ OVARY is Bicarpellary, Bilocular, Sub-Apocarpous and Superior with Many Ovules on Marginal Placentation. ⚫ STYLE is Simple and Terminal ⚫ STIGMA is Capitate. BOTRVMSBKCAPK
- 27. ASCLEPIADACEAE TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION OF CALOTROPIS Sp. POLLINATION is Entomophily by Clip Translator Mechanism. FRUIT is a pair of Follicle. SEEDS are Endospermous with Comose Hairs. BOTRVMSBKCAPK
- 28. ASCLEPIADACEAE ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE OF ASCLEPIADACEAE Calotropis Sp. - Crown Flower - Erukku ⚫ The Stem Fiber is Used to Prepare Cordage and Twines ⚫ The Comose Hairs of seed is used as Stuffing Materials of Pillows. ⚫ The milky Latex is used in Tanning Industries. ⚫ Plant is Used for Skin Disease, Leprosy and Piles. ⚫ The Leaves are used for Swellings. Pergularia daemia - Trellis Vine - Veliparuthi ⚫ Leaf Juice is used as the Remedy of Diarrhea, Asthma etc., ⚫ Leaves are applied for Rheumatic Swelling ⚫ Roots are used to Anemia, Leprosy and Piles. BOTRVMSBKCAPK
- 29. ASCLEPIADACEAE ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE Dischidia rafflesiana - Ant Plant ⚫ The Roots are Chewed as a Remedy for Cough. Cryptostegia grandiflora - Rubber vine ⚫ It is Grown as an Ornamental Climbing Shrubs in the Gardens for its Attractive Red- Rose Flowers. ⚫ The Milky Latex is used for the Manufacture of Rubber. Asclepias curassavica (Blood Flower) ⚫ It is grown as an Ornamental Perennial Herb in the Gardens for its attractive clusters of Flowers. ⚫ Roots are used for the Treatment of Piles and Gonorrhea. BOTRVMSBKCAPK
- 30. ASCLEPIADACEAE ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE Hemidesmus indicus -Indian Sarsaparilla ⚫ Dried Root contains Hemidesmus that used as Blood Purifier and also used for Chronic Rheumatism and Urinary Diseases. Sarcostemma acidum - Moon Plant ⚫ Root is used as Antidote for Snake Bite. Tylophora indica -Indian Ipecac ⚫ Roots are used for the Treatment of Asthma, Bronchitis and Whooping Cough. BOTRVMSBKCAPK