Code
INDHD
Growth form
broadleaf
Biological cycle
Perennial
Habitat
Terrestrial
INDHD
Growth form
broadleaf
Biological cycle
Perennial
Habitat
Terrestrial
🗒 Synonyms
| synonym | Indigofera anceps Poir. |
| synonym | Indigofera bolusii N.E.Br. |
| synonym | Indigofera endecaphylla Jacq. |
| synonym | Indigofera endecaphylla Sensu auct.mult. |
| synonym | Indigofera endecaphylla Sensu Poir. |
| synonym | Indigofera kleinii Wight & Arn. |
| synonym | Indigofera onobrychioides Baill. |
| synonym | Indigofera pectinata Baker |
| synonym | Indigofera spicata Auct. non Forssk. |
| synonym | Indigofera spicata Sensu auct.mult., p.p. |
| synonym | Indigofera stricata Forssk. sensu str.excl. |
| synonym | Indigofera stricata Sensu auct.mult.,p.p. |
🗒 Common Names
| French |
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| Malagasy |
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| Other |
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📚 Overview
Description
Global description
Indigofera hendecaphylla is a perennial plant, with numerous, radiating, prostrate to ascending stems, reaching up to 1 m long and 0.5 m high. The leaves are alternate, compound imparipinnate, with 7 to 11 alternate leaflets, oblong-elliptic to oblanceolate. The inflorescences are axillary racemes, pluriflorous, 4 to 23 cm long. The flowers are papilionaceae type, 4 to 5 mm long, with recurved pedicel, calyx divided into subulate lobes and a pink standard. The fruits are reflected pods, straight, more or less tetragones, apiculated, 15 to 25 mm long by 1.2 to 2 mm wide, containing 7 to 10 ellipsoids seeds, about 1.5 mm long.
General habit
Indigofera hendecaphylla is a perennial herbaceous plant with many stems, radiating, prostrate to ascending, reaching up to 1 m in length and 50 cm in height.
Underground system
Taproot.
Stem
The stem is solid, cylindrical, more or less lignified at the base. It is creeping to ascending; the young stems and twigs are more or less flat, striated and studded with appressed white hairs.
Leaf
The leaves are alternate, compound imparipinnate, with 7-11 leaflets; the leaflets are alternate, narrowly oblong-elliptic to oblanceolate, 5 to 30 mm long and 2 to 8 mm wide, glabrous or with a few navicular hairs on the upper side, covered with fine navicular hairs on the underside. The apex is wedged or rounded and mucronate, the base is wedged or rounded, margin is entire.
Inflorescence
Inflorescences are spike like axillary racemes, pluriflorous, usually 4 to 23 cm long, peduncle 1 to 2 cm long.
Flower
The flower are papilionaceae type, 4 to 5 mm long, brick red or pink in colour, carried by a recurved pedicel, 0.5 to 1.5 mm long: the calyx 2 to 4 mm long, is divided into 5 subulate lobes; the red or pink standard is slightly longer than the calyx, with strigillate sparsely spread hairs. The stamens are about 4.5 mm long, grouped in 9 around the ovary, plus 1 free.
Fruit
The fruit is a reflected pod, straight, slightly tetragonal, apiculate, 15 to 25 mm long and 1.5 to 2 mm wide, containing 5-10 seeds.
Seed
The seed is cubical to quadrangular-ellipsoid in shape, 1.5 mm long, pale, yellowish to dark brown in colour.
Indigofera hendecaphylla is a perennial plant, with numerous, radiating, prostrate to ascending stems, reaching up to 1 m long and 0.5 m high. The leaves are alternate, compound imparipinnate, with 7 to 11 alternate leaflets, oblong-elliptic to oblanceolate. The inflorescences are axillary racemes, pluriflorous, 4 to 23 cm long. The flowers are papilionaceae type, 4 to 5 mm long, with recurved pedicel, calyx divided into subulate lobes and a pink standard. The fruits are reflected pods, straight, more or less tetragones, apiculated, 15 to 25 mm long by 1.2 to 2 mm wide, containing 7 to 10 ellipsoids seeds, about 1.5 mm long.
General habit
Indigofera hendecaphylla is a perennial herbaceous plant with many stems, radiating, prostrate to ascending, reaching up to 1 m in length and 50 cm in height.
Underground system
Taproot.
Stem
The stem is solid, cylindrical, more or less lignified at the base. It is creeping to ascending; the young stems and twigs are more or less flat, striated and studded with appressed white hairs.
Leaf
The leaves are alternate, compound imparipinnate, with 7-11 leaflets; the leaflets are alternate, narrowly oblong-elliptic to oblanceolate, 5 to 30 mm long and 2 to 8 mm wide, glabrous or with a few navicular hairs on the upper side, covered with fine navicular hairs on the underside. The apex is wedged or rounded and mucronate, the base is wedged or rounded, margin is entire.
Inflorescence
Inflorescences are spike like axillary racemes, pluriflorous, usually 4 to 23 cm long, peduncle 1 to 2 cm long.
Flower
The flower are papilionaceae type, 4 to 5 mm long, brick red or pink in colour, carried by a recurved pedicel, 0.5 to 1.5 mm long: the calyx 2 to 4 mm long, is divided into 5 subulate lobes; the red or pink standard is slightly longer than the calyx, with strigillate sparsely spread hairs. The stamens are about 4.5 mm long, grouped in 9 around the ovary, plus 1 free.
Fruit
The fruit is a reflected pod, straight, slightly tetragonal, apiculate, 15 to 25 mm long and 1.5 to 2 mm wide, containing 5-10 seeds.
Seed
The seed is cubical to quadrangular-ellipsoid in shape, 1.5 mm long, pale, yellowish to dark brown in colour.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
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No Data
📚 Nomenclature and Classification
No Data
📚 Natural History
Life Cycle
Life cycle
Annual
Madagascar: Indigofera hendecaphylla widespread on the eastern side and the Highlands can bloom all year round while I. spicata encountered mainly on the Central Highlands blooms and bears fruit from December to April.
Mayotte: I. hendecaphylla flowers from Fabruary to May and fruits from March to June.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
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Cyclicity
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Indigofera hendecaphylla (and I. spicata) is a perennial herb that reproduces by seeds. They are dispersed by animals and water.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Morphology
Growth form
Erected
Leaf arrangement
Alternate
Leaf type
Compound
Type of prefoliation
Leaf ratio medium
Compound leaf type
Trifoliate leaf
Latex
Without latex
Stem section
Round
Root type
Taproot
Hollow or solid stem
Solid stem
Stipule type
Lanceolate stipule
Leaf attachment type
with petiole
Fruit type
Pod
Pod type
Cylindrical pod in section
Compressed pod in section
Cotyledon type
reniform
Lamina base
rounded
attenuate
Lamina margin
hairy
entire
Lamina apex
mucronate
Upperface pilosity
Glabrous
Upperface hair type
Bifidus hairs
Lowerface pilosity
Less hairy
Lamina section
flat
Lamina Veination
pennate
Flower color
Purple
Inflorescence type
Raceme
Stem pilosity
Glabrous
Less hairy
Stem hair type
Short and long hairs mixed
Bifidus
Pubescent
Life form
Broadleaf plant
Look Alikes
Indigofera hendecaphylla Jacq. and I. spicata Forssk are two very close and often confused species. They were previously considered a single species known from I. spicata Forssk. Since 1993, they are considered as two different species. The characters that distinguish between these two species are:
- I. hendecaphylla, the leaves are larger, 9 to 11 narrowly oblong-elliptic leaflets; the inflorescences (racemes spike-like stalked) are larger, 4 to 23 cm long and flowers 4 to 5 mm long with a staminal sheath, 4 to 4.5 mm long, exceeding the calyx. The pods are 15 to 25 mm long.
- For I. spicata, leaves are smaller, generally 5 to 7 leaflets more or less obovate with cuneate base, the terminal leaflet being much larger than the lateral (4-15 mm long by 3-6 mm wide ); inflorescences (racemes spike-like stalked) are reduced from 1.5 to 6.5 cm up to 10 cm long and flowers of 3 to 4 mm long with a staminal sheath 3 to 3.5 mm long not exceeding the calyx; pods are shorter, 10 to 18 mm long.
- I. hendecaphylla, the leaves are larger, 9 to 11 narrowly oblong-elliptic leaflets; the inflorescences (racemes spike-like stalked) are larger, 4 to 23 cm long and flowers 4 to 5 mm long with a staminal sheath, 4 to 4.5 mm long, exceeding the calyx. The pods are 15 to 25 mm long.
- For I. spicata, leaves are smaller, generally 5 to 7 leaflets more or less obovate with cuneate base, the terminal leaflet being much larger than the lateral (4-15 mm long by 3-6 mm wide ); inflorescences (racemes spike-like stalked) are reduced from 1.5 to 6.5 cm up to 10 cm long and flowers of 3 to 4 mm long with a staminal sheath 3 to 3.5 mm long not exceeding the calyx; pods are shorter, 10 to 18 mm long.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
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Ecology
Madagascar: Indigofera hendecaphylla grows on alluvial soils, ferralitic soils and ferruginous humiferous soil, fertile enough in sunny places or lightly shaded. It is a weed of cassava and more or less extensive fruit crops. It is found in pastures and fallow land, on roadsides and in disturbed areas on the banks of cultures and channels in all wet areas, sub-humid areas of Madagascar up to 1200 m altitude.
Mayotte: I. hendecaphylla is a native species that growes in disturbed, cool but open areas such as wetland margins, villages, crops, ditches, pastures and roadsides.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
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No Data
📚 Habitat and Distribution
General Habitat
Habitat
Terrestrial
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Origin
Indigofera hendecaphylla is native to Africa.
Worldwide distribution
Tropical and southern Africa, South-west islands of the Indian Ocean, India, China, Southeast Asia, Indonesia, Australia and the Pacific Islands.
Indigofera hendecaphylla is native to Africa.
Worldwide distribution
Tropical and southern Africa, South-west islands of the Indian Ocean, India, China, Southeast Asia, Indonesia, Australia and the Pacific Islands.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Occurrence
No Data
📚 Demography and Conservation
Risk Statement
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Local harmfulness
Madagascar: Indigofera hendecaphylla is a quite common weed but often scarce in Madagascar. It does not present any particular difficulty. This is a fairly common weed in lowland with humiferous soil but often scarce in annual crops .It can be locally abundant in highly extensive annual crops and poorly maintained fruit cultivations on the East Coast and the Middle East.
Madagascar: Indigofera hendecaphylla is a quite common weed but often scarce in Madagascar. It does not present any particular difficulty. This is a fairly common weed in lowland with humiferous soil but often scarce in annual crops .It can be locally abundant in highly extensive annual crops and poorly maintained fruit cultivations on the East Coast and the Middle East.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Uses and Management
Uses
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Agricultural: Indigofera hendecaphylla and I. spicata can be used as cover crops to protect sloping lands against erosion and as a green manure, especially in perennial crops.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Management
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Local management
Madagascar: Indigofera hendecaphylla is controlled manually with different kinds of angady in fruit crops, and extensive cultivation of manioc or corn.
Madagascar: Indigofera hendecaphylla is controlled manually with different kinds of angady in fruit crops, and extensive cultivation of manioc or corn.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Information Listing
Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF)
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Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
References
- Barthelat, F. 2019. La Flore illustrée de Mayotte. Meze, Paris, France, Collection Inventaires et Biodiversité, Biotope – Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle. 487 p.
- DU PUY, D. J. ; LABAT, J. N. ; SCHRIRE, B. D., 1993. The separation of two previously confused species in the Indigofera spicata complex (Leguminosae: Papilionoideae). Kew Bulletin, 48 (4): 727-733
- https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomydetail.aspx?311585
- DU PUY D. J., LABAT J. N., RABEVOHITRA R., VILLIERS J. F., BOSSER J. & MOAT J., 2002 – The Leguminoseae of Madagascar. ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS, Kew, 2002, p 492-493.
- ANTOINE R., BOSSER J. et FERGUSSON I.K., 1990. - FLORE DES MASCAREIGNES : La Réunion, Maurice, Rodrigues. 80 Légumineuses. MSIRI, ORSTOM, KEW. p. 85-94.
- Catalogue des plantes vasculaires de Madagascar : http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=12&taxon_id=242326811
Information Listing > References
- Barthelat, F. 2019. La Flore illustrée de Mayotte. Meze, Paris, France, Collection Inventaires et Biodiversité, Biotope – Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle. 487 p.
- DU PUY, D. J. ; LABAT, J. N. ; SCHRIRE, B. D., 1993. The separation of two previously confused species in the Indigofera spicata complex (Leguminosae: Papilionoideae). Kew Bulletin, 48 (4): 727-733
- https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomydetail.aspx?311585
- DU PUY D. J., LABAT J. N., RABEVOHITRA R., VILLIERS J. F., BOSSER J. & MOAT J., 2002 – The Leguminoseae of Madagascar. ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS, Kew, 2002, p 492-493.
- ANTOINE R., BOSSER J. et FERGUSSON I.K., 1990. - FLORE DES MASCAREIGNES : La Réunion, Maurice, Rodrigues. 80 Légumineuses. MSIRI, ORSTOM, KEW. p. 85-94.
- Catalogue des plantes vasculaires de Madagascar : http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=12&taxon_id=242326811
Images
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Herbarium pictures ReCOLNAT: https://explore.recolnat.org/search/botanique/simplequery=Indigofera%2520hendecaphylla
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
🐾 Taxonomy
| Root | Root |
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Tracheophyta |
| Class | Magnoliopsida |
| Order | Fabales |
| Family | Fabaceae |
| Genus | Indigofera |
| Species | Indigofera hendecaphylla Jacq. |
📊 Temporal Distribution
📷 Related Observations
