Code
CASOC
Growth form
broadleaf
Biological cycle
annual
Habitat
terrestrial
synonym | Cassia caroliniana Walter |
synonym | Cassia ciliata Raf. |
synonym | Cassia falcata L. |
synonym | Cassia foetida Pers. |
synonym | Cassia laevigata sensu auct. |
synonym | Cassia laevigata Sensu auct. |
synonym | Cassia macradenia Collad. |
synonym | Cassia obliquifolia Schrank |
synonym | Cassia occidentalis (L.)Rose |
synonym | Cassia occidentalis L. |
synonym | Cassia occidentalis var. arista "sensu Hassk., non DC." |
synonym | Cassia occidentalis var. arista Sensu Hassk., non DC. |
synonym | Cassia occidentalis var. aristata Collad. |
synonym | Cassia planisiliqua L. |
synonym | Cassia plumieri DC. |
synonym | Ditramexa occidentalis Britton & Rose |
synonym | Ditremexa occidentalis (L.) Britton & Wilson |
synonym | Ditremexa occidentalis (L.)Britton & Wilson |
Creoles and pidgins; French-based |
|
English |
|
Malagasy |
|
Other |
|
The genus Cassia was splited in Cassia, Chamaecrista and Senna, according to the following criteria :
Glands on the rachis and petiole | Petals | Stamens | Fruit | Bracteoles | Genus |
absent | subequal | 10 | indehiscent | present | Cassia |
absent or present | subequal | 10 or 7 fertil | indehiscent or dehiscent not elastic, valve not coiling | absent | Senna |
present | unequal | 10 or5 fertil | elastically dehiscent, valves coiling | present | Chamaecrista |
Distribution of Cassia spp. in the following table :
Old name | Valid name |
Cassia absus L. | Chamaecrista absus (L.) H.S.Irwin & Barneby |
Cassia alata L. | Senna alata (L.) Roxb.. |
Cassia fistula L. | Cassia fistula L. |
Cassia hirsuta L. | Senna hirsuta (L.) H.S.Irwin & Barneby |
Cassia javanica L. | Cassia javanica L. |
Cassia kirkii Oliv. | Chamaecrista kirkii (Oliv.) Standl. |
Cassia mimosoides L. | Chamaecrista mimosoides (L.) Greene |
Cassia nictitans L. | Chamaecrista nictitans (L.) Moench |
Cassia nigricans Vahl. | Chamaecrista nigricans (Vahl.) Greene |
Cassia obtusifolia L. | Senna obtusifolia (L.) H.S.Irwin & Barneby |
Cassia occidentalis L. | Senna occidentalis (L.) Link |
Cassia rotundifolia Pers. | Chamaecrista rotundifolia (Pers.) Greene |
Cassia siamea Lam. | Senna siamea (Lam.) H.S.Irwin & Barneby |
Cassia sieberiana DC | Cassia sieberiana DC |
Cassia tora L. | Senna tora (L.) Roxb. |
Attributions | |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Attributions | Wiktrop |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Mayotte: Senna occidentalis flowers from March to May and from November to December and fruits from March to June and in December.
New Caledonia: Senna occidentalis germination takes place mainly at the beginning of the rainy season and the seedlings can reach 1 m in few weeks. Flowering lasts from February to April followed by fruiting and death of most plants. Some will survive another year under good conditions of heat and humidity.
Attributions | wiktrop |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Attributions | Wiktrop |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
See also: Determination key of eight species of Cassia L. (Caesalpiniaceae), West African weeds.
Leaflets with accuminate apex | Glabrous leaflets (Upper surface) | S. occidentalis |
Densely pubescent leaflets | S. hirsuta | |
Leaflets with rounded apex | One rod shaped gland on the rachis of the leaf | S. obtusifolia |
Two rod shaped glands on the rachis of the leaf | S. tora |
Attributions | Wiktrop |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
A weed of roadsides, waste areas, disturbed sites, pastures, grasslands, open woodlands, coastal areas and crops in tropical, subtropical and semi-arid regions.
Comoros: Senna occidentalis is present in coastal areas up to 300 m altitude on the three islands.
Madagascar: ruderal species (along the roads of villages and irrigation canals). Very common on the edge of fields on tanety and baiboho, often indicative of compacted soil when it is abundant.
Mauritius: Species cultivated as a medicinal plant and easily naturalized, it is common in vacant lots and occasionally in crops.
Mayotte: Senna occidentalis is an exotic species sometimes naturalized in the anthropized environments, in particular in urban zone and on roadsides. It is present mainly in the north and center of the island.
New Caledonia: Introduced in the territory in the mid-19th century, it is commonly found in wasteland and farmland, mainly in coastal areas in dry regions where it can invade poorly maintained pastures by scattered spots or larger stands.
Reunion: The species is implanted in all lowland areas of Reunion Island. It does not have any preferences for the soil type provided that it drains well. It is common throughout the North zone, East and South of the island. It is rarer on the West coast.
Seychelles: aggressive colonizing species of cultivated areas on light soil as well as on heavy soils in all regions of Seychelles.
Attributions | Wiktrop |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Toxicity
The seeds of Senna occidentalis, consumed fresh by livestock, are toxic (neuromuscular and digestive symptoms that can lead to death).
Attributions | |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Native to the tropical and subtropical regions of the America. The Latin word occidentalis means western, and refers to the origin.
Senna occidentalis is widespread in warm areas of the world.
Attributions | dummy |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_SA |
References |
Local harmfulness
Comoros: Senna occidentalis is a ruderal plant, common in waste land of low altitude and less frequent in crops.
Ghana: Rare and scarce.
Madagascar: weed infrequent and scarce in rainfed crops in the fields near the villages and terraces along the marshland. It is generally less frequent than S. obtusifolia.
Mauritius: very rare weed in sugar cane fields where it has a very low harmfulness.
Mayotte: S. occidentalis is relatively frequent, present in 5% of cultivated plots, especially in fruit and ylang plantations, and sometimes in pastures.
Nigeria: Rare and scarce.
Uganda: Rare but abundant when present.
Reunion: S. occidentalis is present in 21% of the plots of the island. It infests mainly sugar cane fields, but never abundant.
Seychelles: weed important in many crops, particularly tubers crops, orchards and tea and coconut plantations.
South Africa: It invades disturbed areas and replaces native species. It invades roadsides and riverbanks in savanna and grassland as well as waste land and disturbed fields.
Attributions | Wiktrop |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Active material | commercial product | dose of commercial product | efficiency |
pre-emergence | |||
mesotrione + S-metolachlore |
Camix | 3,75 l/ha | |
mesotrione + S-metolachlore + S-metolachlore |
Camix + Mercantor Gold | 3,75 l/ha + 0,5 l/ha | |
mesotrione + S-metolachlorere + isoxaflutole |
Camix + Merlin | 3,75 l/ha + 0,1 kg/ha | |
mesotrione + S-metolachlore + pendimethaline |
Camix + Prowl 400 | 3,75 l/ha + 3,0 l/ha | |
isoxaflutole + pendimethaline + metribuzine |
Merlin + Prowl 400 + Sencoral | 0,067 kg/ha + 1,5 l/ha + 0,625 kg/ha | |
isoxaflutole + pendimethaline + mesotrione + S-metolachlore |
Merlin + Prowl 400 + Camix | 0,067 kg/ha + 1,5 l/ha + 2,5 l/ha |
(the dose are expressed in commercial product) - 2014
Good efficiency | |
medium efficiency | |
Inefficient |
Attributions | Wiktrop |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Attributions | |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Herbarium pictures ReCOLNAT: https://explore.recolnat.org/search/botanique/simplequery=Senna%2520occidentalis
Attributions | |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Root | Root |
Kingdom | Plantae |
Phylum | Tracheophyta |
Class | Magnoliopsida |
Order | Fabales |
Family | Fabaceae |
Genus | Senna |
Species | Senna occidentalis (L.) Link |