Code
CASOC
Growth form
broadleaf
Biological cycle
annual
Habitat
terrestrial
🗒 Synonyms
| synonym | Cassia caroliniana Walter |
| synonym | Cassia ciliata Raf. |
| synonym | Cassia falcata L. |
| synonym | Cassia foetida Pers. |
| synonym | Cassia laevigata sensu auct. |
| synonym | Cassia laevigata Sensu auct. |
| synonym | Cassia macradenia Collad. |
| synonym | Cassia obliquifolia Schrank |
| synonym | Cassia occidentalis (L.)Rose |
| synonym | Cassia occidentalis L. |
| synonym | Cassia occidentalis var. arista "sensu Hassk., non DC." |
| synonym | Cassia occidentalis var. arista Sensu Hassk., non DC. |
| synonym | Cassia occidentalis var. aristata Collad. |
| synonym | Cassia planisiliqua L. |
| synonym | Cassia plumieri DC. |
| synonym | Ditramexa occidentalis Britton & Rose |
| synonym | Ditremexa occidentalis (L.) Britton & Wilson |
| synonym | Ditremexa occidentalis (L.)Britton & Wilson |
🗒 Common Names
| Creoles and pidgins; French-based |
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| English |
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| Malagasy |
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| Other |
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📚 Overview
Diagnostic Keys
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The genus Cassia was splited in Cassia, Chamaecrista and Senna, according to the following criteria :
| Glands on the rachis and petiole | Petals | Stamens | Fruit | Bracteoles | Genus |
| absent | subequal | 10 | indehiscent | present | Cassia |
| absent or present | subequal | 10 or 7 fertil | indehiscent or dehiscent not elastic, valve not coiling | absent | Senna |
| present | unequal | 10 or5 fertil | elastically dehiscent, valves coiling | present | Chamaecrista |
Distribution of Cassia spp. in the following table :
| Old name | Valid name |
| Cassia absus L. | Chamaecrista absus (L.) H.S.Irwin & Barneby |
| Cassia alata L. | Senna alata (L.) Roxb.. |
| Cassia fistula L. | Cassia fistula L. |
| Cassia hirsuta L. | Senna hirsuta (L.) H.S.Irwin & Barneby |
| Cassia javanica L. | Cassia javanica L. |
| Cassia kirkii Oliv. | Chamaecrista kirkii (Oliv.) Standl. |
| Cassia mimosoides L. | Chamaecrista mimosoides (L.) Greene |
| Cassia nictitans L. | Chamaecrista nictitans (L.) Moench |
| Cassia nigricans Vahl. | Chamaecrista nigricans (Vahl.) Greene |
| Cassia obtusifolia L. | Senna obtusifolia (L.) H.S.Irwin & Barneby |
| Cassia occidentalis L. | Senna occidentalis (L.) Link |
| Cassia rotundifolia Pers. | Chamaecrista rotundifolia (Pers.) Greene |
| Cassia siamea Lam. | Senna siamea (Lam.) H.S.Irwin & Barneby |
| Cassia sieberiana DC | Cassia sieberiana DC |
| Cassia tora L. | Senna tora (L.) Roxb. |
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Description
Global description
Senna occidentalis is a shrubby plant with yellow flowers and bright green foliage, malodorous. Usually, this shrub is not very branched, almost hairless. The leaves are alternately arranged along the stem. They consist of 4 to 6 pairs of small independent leaves, ending in a point and carried by a short petiole along the midrib. They are slightly downy below and on the edge. The flowers are yellow in colour. They are grouped at the top of the branches. The fruit is a long, slightly curved and flattened pod. It has bulges on the seeds and opens along the two edges. The seeds are flattened and brown.
Cotyledons
Orbicular and subsessile cotyledons. 3-5 ribs from the base of the lamina. They measure 20 mm in diameter. Slightly cordate base.
First leaves
First leaves are alternate, composed and paripinnate. The first leaf has two pairs of leaflets, the following bear two to three pairs. Leaflets are oblong to oval, rounded or wedged apex. Glabrous surfaces.
General habit
Plant with erect growth habit, developing in small bush, measuring up to 2 meters high.
Underground system
Taproot system.
Stem
Solid and cylindrical stem. It is glabrous to finely pubescent.
Leaf
Leaves alternate and paripinnately compound. 10 to 15 cm long. Base of petiole flanked by two triangular deciduous stipules. Upper part of the petiole and rachis are excavated in grooves. Black protruding gland at the base of the petiole. Leaves comprising of 4-6 pairs of leaflets. The lamina of the leaflets is oval to elliptical, 3 to 8 cm long and 15 to 40 mm wide. The size of the leaflets increases from the base to the top of the leaf. The lower face and margin are slightly pubescent. The upper side is smooth. The base is asymmetrically rounded or wide angled; the top is in acuminate tip. The margin is entire.
Inflorescence
Flowers solitary or grouped in axillary clusters of 2 to 5 flowers at the ends of branches, or atop an axillary peduncle, 2 to 4 cm long.
Flower
Flowers are yellow in colour. Calyx with 5 green, elliptical, a little uneven sepals (oval lower sepal sepals). Corolla 1.5 to 3 cm in diameter, with 5 yellow petals, unequal (wider upper petal), free, ovate, rounded tip, veined. 10 unequal stamens (the previous two long curved net and anther). Ovary linear, long, curved, glabrous, ending with a hairy stigma.
Fruit
The fruit is a linear to oblong or slightly curved, flat pod, 10 to 15 long cm and 7 to 8 mm wide. It has thick suture lines and bulges on the grains. It contains 20 to 60 seeds arranged in line and separated by a thin membrane.
Seed
Seed oblong, flat, brown, 4 mm long and 3 mm wide.
Senna occidentalis is a shrubby plant with yellow flowers and bright green foliage, malodorous. Usually, this shrub is not very branched, almost hairless. The leaves are alternately arranged along the stem. They consist of 4 to 6 pairs of small independent leaves, ending in a point and carried by a short petiole along the midrib. They are slightly downy below and on the edge. The flowers are yellow in colour. They are grouped at the top of the branches. The fruit is a long, slightly curved and flattened pod. It has bulges on the seeds and opens along the two edges. The seeds are flattened and brown.
Cotyledons
Orbicular and subsessile cotyledons. 3-5 ribs from the base of the lamina. They measure 20 mm in diameter. Slightly cordate base.
First leaves
First leaves are alternate, composed and paripinnate. The first leaf has two pairs of leaflets, the following bear two to three pairs. Leaflets are oblong to oval, rounded or wedged apex. Glabrous surfaces.
General habit
Plant with erect growth habit, developing in small bush, measuring up to 2 meters high.
Underground system
Taproot system.
Stem
Solid and cylindrical stem. It is glabrous to finely pubescent.
Leaf
Leaves alternate and paripinnately compound. 10 to 15 cm long. Base of petiole flanked by two triangular deciduous stipules. Upper part of the petiole and rachis are excavated in grooves. Black protruding gland at the base of the petiole. Leaves comprising of 4-6 pairs of leaflets. The lamina of the leaflets is oval to elliptical, 3 to 8 cm long and 15 to 40 mm wide. The size of the leaflets increases from the base to the top of the leaf. The lower face and margin are slightly pubescent. The upper side is smooth. The base is asymmetrically rounded or wide angled; the top is in acuminate tip. The margin is entire.
Inflorescence
Flowers solitary or grouped in axillary clusters of 2 to 5 flowers at the ends of branches, or atop an axillary peduncle, 2 to 4 cm long.
Flower
Flowers are yellow in colour. Calyx with 5 green, elliptical, a little uneven sepals (oval lower sepal sepals). Corolla 1.5 to 3 cm in diameter, with 5 yellow petals, unequal (wider upper petal), free, ovate, rounded tip, veined. 10 unequal stamens (the previous two long curved net and anther). Ovary linear, long, curved, glabrous, ending with a hairy stigma.
Fruit
The fruit is a linear to oblong or slightly curved, flat pod, 10 to 15 long cm and 7 to 8 mm wide. It has thick suture lines and bulges on the grains. It contains 20 to 60 seeds arranged in line and separated by a thin membrane.
Seed
Seed oblong, flat, brown, 4 mm long and 3 mm wide.
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No Data
📚 Nomenclature and Classification
No Data
📚 Natural History
Life Cycle
Life cycle
Annual
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Mayotte: Senna occidentalis flowers from March to May and from November to December and fruits from March to June and in December.
New Caledonia: Senna occidentalis germination takes place mainly at the beginning of the rainy season and the seedlings can reach 1 m in few weeks. Flowering lasts from February to April followed by fruiting and death of most plants. Some will survive another year under good conditions of heat and humidity.
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Reproduction
Senna occidentalis is an annual species that can live more than a year under favorable conditions. It multiplies only by expulsion of seeds when the pod opens. They are transported by runoff, mud stuck to hooves and agricultural machinery. They can also contaminate hay crops.
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Morphology
Growth form
Erected
Leaf arrangement
Alternate
Leaf type
Compound
Type of prefoliation
Leaf ratio medium
Latex
Without latex
Stem section
Round
Root type
Taproot
Hollow or solid stem
Solid stem
Stipule type
Lanceolate stipule
Leaf attachment type
with petiole
Fruit type
Pod
Pod type
Compressed pod in section
Cotyledon type
orbicular
truncate
Lamina base
rounded
asymmetric
Lamina margin
entire
Lamina apex
acute
acuminate
Upperface pilosity
Glabrous
Lowerface pilosity
Glabrous
Lamina section
flat
Lamina Veination
in arc
Flower color
Yellow
Inflorescence type
Raceme
Axillary solitary flower
Stem pilosity
Glabrous
Life form
Broadleaf plant
Look Alikes
See also: Determination key of eight species of Cassia L. (Caesalpiniaceae), West African weeds.
| Leaflets with accuminate apex | Glabrous leaflets (Upper surface) | S. occidentalis |
| Densely pubescent leaflets | S. hirsuta | |
| Leaflets with rounded apex | One rod shaped gland on the rachis of the leaf | S. obtusifolia |
| Two rod shaped glands on the rachis of the leaf | S. tora |
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Ecology
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A weed of roadsides, waste areas, disturbed sites, pastures, grasslands, open woodlands, coastal areas and crops in tropical, subtropical and semi-arid regions.
Comoros: Senna occidentalis is present in coastal areas up to 300 m altitude on the three islands.
Madagascar: ruderal species (along the roads of villages and irrigation canals). Very common on the edge of fields on tanety and baiboho, often indicative of compacted soil when it is abundant.
Mauritius: Species cultivated as a medicinal plant and easily naturalized, it is common in vacant lots and occasionally in crops.
Mayotte: Senna occidentalis is an exotic species sometimes naturalized in the anthropized environments, in particular in urban zone and on roadsides. It is present mainly in the north and center of the island.
New Caledonia: Introduced in the territory in the mid-19th century, it is commonly found in wasteland and farmland, mainly in coastal areas in dry regions where it can invade poorly maintained pastures by scattered spots or larger stands.
Reunion: The species is implanted in all lowland areas of Reunion Island. It does not have any preferences for the soil type provided that it drains well. It is common throughout the North zone, East and South of the island. It is rarer on the West coast.
Seychelles: aggressive colonizing species of cultivated areas on light soil as well as on heavy soils in all regions of Seychelles.
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Miscellaneous Details
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Toxicity
The seeds of Senna occidentalis, consumed fresh by livestock, are toxic (neuromuscular and digestive symptoms that can lead to death).
Thomas Le Bourgeois
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📚 Habitat and Distribution
General Habitat
Habitat
Terrestrial
Description
Geographical distibution
Madagascar
Reunion Island
Comoros
Mauritius
Seychelles
Origin
Native to the tropical and subtropical regions of the America. The Latin word occidentalis means western, and refers to the origin.
Worldwide distribution
Senna occidentalis is widespread in warm areas of the world.
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📚 Occurrence
No Data
📚 Demography and Conservation
Risk Statement
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Local harmfulness
Comoros: Senna occidentalis is a ruderal plant, common in waste land of low altitude and less frequent in crops.
Ghana: Rare and scarce.
Madagascar: weed infrequent and scarce in rainfed crops in the fields near the villages and terraces along the marshland. It is generally less frequent than S. obtusifolia.
Mauritius: very rare weed in sugar cane fields where it has a very low harmfulness.
Mayotte: S. occidentalis is relatively frequent, present in 5% of cultivated plots, especially in fruit and ylang plantations, and sometimes in pastures.
Nigeria: Rare and scarce.
Uganda: Rare but abundant when present.
Reunion: S. occidentalis is present in 21% of the plots of the island. It infests mainly sugar cane fields, but never abundant.
Seychelles: weed important in many crops, particularly tubers crops, orchards and tea and coconut plantations.
South Africa: It invades disturbed areas and replaces native species. It invades roadsides and riverbanks in savanna and grassland as well as waste land and disturbed fields.
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📚 Uses and Management
Management
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Global control
For weeding Advice broadleaf annual weeds of irrigated rice and lowland in Africa, consult:
Local control
Madagascar: In general, little troublesome in crops. Manual weeding is difficult because of the strong taproot system. Controllable with oxadiazon pre-emergence and 2,4-D and / or glyphosate post-emergence, on young plants. Tolerant to most herbicides as adults (controlled as dicamba postemergence, product not available in Madagascar).
New Caledonia: As with many weeds, its appearance and development is favored by overgrazing. In case of infestation, a reduction animal densities and with the maintenance of a dense grass cover will reduce stands quite significantly. The integral management can be completed by mechanical and chemical control by combining a gyrobroyage and herbicide application on regrowth during growth period of the plant. A spraying of picloram and 2,4-D is recommended. A complete herbicide with glyphosate is also effective but it will also affect forage grasses if the application is not made in a targeted way. Tillage can control the invasion of this plant in the state of seedling.
Reunion: see the website of CaroCanne (The online magazine of sugar cane workers in Réunion); Technical specifications No. 35
Data acquired in Reunion on the effectiveness of herbicides in the context of the sugarcane herbicide network by eRcane Network with funding from the ODEADOM and ONEMA.
Action led by the French Ministry of Agriculture, food and forest, with financial support from the National Agency for Water and Aquatic Environments, on the finance issued from the tax for the pollution diffused, attributed to the finance of the Ecophyto plan.
For weeding Advice broadleaf annual weeds of irrigated rice and lowland in Africa, consult:
Local control
Madagascar: In general, little troublesome in crops. Manual weeding is difficult because of the strong taproot system. Controllable with oxadiazon pre-emergence and 2,4-D and / or glyphosate post-emergence, on young plants. Tolerant to most herbicides as adults (controlled as dicamba postemergence, product not available in Madagascar).
New Caledonia: As with many weeds, its appearance and development is favored by overgrazing. In case of infestation, a reduction animal densities and with the maintenance of a dense grass cover will reduce stands quite significantly. The integral management can be completed by mechanical and chemical control by combining a gyrobroyage and herbicide application on regrowth during growth period of the plant. A spraying of picloram and 2,4-D is recommended. A complete herbicide with glyphosate is also effective but it will also affect forage grasses if the application is not made in a targeted way. Tillage can control the invasion of this plant in the state of seedling.
Reunion: see the website of CaroCanne (The online magazine of sugar cane workers in Réunion); Technical specifications No. 35
| Active material | commercial product | dose of commercial product | efficiency |
| pre-emergence | |||
| mesotrione + S-metolachlore |
Camix | 3,75 l/ha | |
| mesotrione + S-metolachlore + S-metolachlore |
Camix + Mercantor Gold | 3,75 l/ha + 0,5 l/ha | |
| mesotrione + S-metolachlorere + isoxaflutole |
Camix + Merlin | 3,75 l/ha + 0,1 kg/ha | |
| mesotrione + S-metolachlore + pendimethaline |
Camix + Prowl 400 | 3,75 l/ha + 3,0 l/ha | |
| isoxaflutole + pendimethaline + metribuzine |
Merlin + Prowl 400 + Sencoral | 0,067 kg/ha + 1,5 l/ha + 0,625 kg/ha | |
| isoxaflutole + pendimethaline + mesotrione + S-metolachlore |
Merlin + Prowl 400 + Camix | 0,067 kg/ha + 1,5 l/ha + 2,5 l/ha |
(the dose are expressed in commercial product) - 2014
| Good efficiency | |
| medium efficiency | |
Inefficient |
Data acquired in Reunion on the effectiveness of herbicides in the context of the sugarcane herbicide network by eRcane Network with funding from the ODEADOM and ONEMA.
Action led by the French Ministry of Agriculture, food and forest, with financial support from the National Agency for Water and Aquatic Environments, on the finance issued from the tax for the pollution diffused, attributed to the finance of the Ecophyto plan.
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No Data
📚 Information Listing
Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF)
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Thomas Le Bourgeois
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References
- Blanfort, V., F. Desmoulins, J. Prosperi, T. Le Bourgeois, R. Guiglion and P. Grard (2010). AdvenPaC V.1.0 : Adventices et plantes à conflit d'intérêt des Pâturages de Nouvelle-Calédonie. Montpellier, France, IAC, Cirad.
- Huat, J., Nagy, M., Carpente, A., Schwartz, M., Le Bourgeois, T. & Marnotte, P. 2021. Guide de la flore spontannée des agrosystèmes de Mayotte. Montpellier, Cirad. 150 p.
- Australian Government. Weeds in Australia.
- Australian Tropical Rainforest Plants
- Hyde, M.A., Wursten, B.T. & Ballings, P. (2013). Flora of Zimbabwe: Species information: Senna occidentalis.
- http://idao.cirad.fr/SpecieSheet?sheet=adventoi/especes/c/casoc/casoc_fr.html
- http://www.environment.gov.au/cgi-bin/biodiversity/invasive/weeds/weeddetails.pl?taxon_id=6537
- http://keys.trin.org.au/key-server/data/0e0f0504-0103-430d-8004-060d07080d04/media/Html/taxon/Senna_occidentalis.htm
- http://keys.lucidcentral.org/keys/v3/eafrinet/weeds
- http://www.zimbabweflora.co.zw/speciesdata/species.php?species_id=127100
- http://www.hear.org/pier/species/senna_occidentalis.htm
- http://www.sntc.org.sz/alienplants/speciesinfo.asp?spid=70
- Husson, O., H. Charpentier, F.-X. Chabaud, K. Naudin, Rakotondramanana et L. Séguy (2010). Flore des jachères et adventices des cultures. Annexe 1 : les principales plantes de jachères et adventices des cultures à Madagascar. In : Manuel pratique du semis direct à Madagascar. Annexe 1 - Antananarivo : GSDM/CIRAD, 2010 : 64 p.
- Le Bourgeois, T., Carrara, A., Dodet, M., Dogley, W., Gaungoo, A., Grard, P., Ibrahim, Y., Jeuffrault, E., Lebreton, G., Poilecot, P., Prosperi, J., Randriamampianina, J.A., Andrianaivo, A.P., Théveny, F. 2008. Advent-OI : Principales adventices des îles du sud-ouest de l'Océan Indien.V.1.0. In Cirad [ed.]. Cirad, Montpellier, France. Cdrom.
- Noxious Weeds of Australia. W. Parsons and E. Cuthbertson, 1992, pages 459-461.
- Akobundu I. O. and Agyakwa C.W. (1998). A handbook of West African Weeds. International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Ibadan, Nigeria 308p.
- Flora of China: http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=242348611
- Grard, P., T. Le Bourgeois, J. Rodenburg, P. Marnotte, A. Carrara, R. Irakiza, D. Makokha, G. kyalo, K. Aloys, K. Iswaria, N. Nguyen and G. Tzelepoglou (2012). AFROweeds V.1.0: African weeds of rice. Cédérom. Montpellier, France & Cotonou, Bénin, Cirad-AfricaRice eds.
- International Legume Data and Information Service: http://www.ildis.org/LegumeWeb?version~10.01&LegumeWeb&tno~665&genus~Senna&species~occidentalis
- Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER): http://www.hear.org/pier/species/senna_occidentalis.htm.
- Johnson, D.E., 1997. Weeds of rice in West Africa. WARDA, Bouaké. 214p.
- BioNet-EAFRINET: http://keys.lucidcentral.org/keys/v3/eafrinet/weeds/key/weeds/Media/Html/Senna_occidentalis_%28Coffee_Senna%29.htm Weed of Australia: http://www.weeds.org.au/cgi-bin/weedident.cgi?tpl=plant.tpl&state=&s=&ibra=all&card=S32
- Invasives South Africa https://invasives.org.za/fact-sheet/stinking-weed/
Information Listing > References
- Blanfort, V., F. Desmoulins, J. Prosperi, T. Le Bourgeois, R. Guiglion and P. Grard (2010). AdvenPaC V.1.0 : Adventices et plantes à conflit d'intérêt des Pâturages de Nouvelle-Calédonie. Montpellier, France, IAC, Cirad.
- Huat, J., Nagy, M., Carpente, A., Schwartz, M., Le Bourgeois, T. & Marnotte, P. 2021. Guide de la flore spontannée des agrosystèmes de Mayotte. Montpellier, Cirad. 150 p.
- Australian Government. Weeds in Australia.
- Australian Tropical Rainforest Plants
- Hyde, M.A., Wursten, B.T. & Ballings, P. (2013). Flora of Zimbabwe: Species information: Senna occidentalis.
- http://idao.cirad.fr/SpecieSheet?sheet=adventoi/especes/c/casoc/casoc_fr.html
- http://www.environment.gov.au/cgi-bin/biodiversity/invasive/weeds/weeddetails.pl?taxon_id=6537
- http://keys.trin.org.au/key-server/data/0e0f0504-0103-430d-8004-060d07080d04/media/Html/taxon/Senna_occidentalis.htm
- http://keys.lucidcentral.org/keys/v3/eafrinet/weeds
- http://www.zimbabweflora.co.zw/speciesdata/species.php?species_id=127100
- http://www.hear.org/pier/species/senna_occidentalis.htm
- http://www.sntc.org.sz/alienplants/speciesinfo.asp?spid=70
- Husson, O., H. Charpentier, F.-X. Chabaud, K. Naudin, Rakotondramanana et L. Séguy (2010). Flore des jachères et adventices des cultures. Annexe 1 : les principales plantes de jachères et adventices des cultures à Madagascar. In : Manuel pratique du semis direct à Madagascar. Annexe 1 - Antananarivo : GSDM/CIRAD, 2010 : 64 p.
- Le Bourgeois, T., Carrara, A., Dodet, M., Dogley, W., Gaungoo, A., Grard, P., Ibrahim, Y., Jeuffrault, E., Lebreton, G., Poilecot, P., Prosperi, J., Randriamampianina, J.A., Andrianaivo, A.P., Théveny, F. 2008. Advent-OI : Principales adventices des îles du sud-ouest de l'Océan Indien.V.1.0. In Cirad [ed.]. Cirad, Montpellier, France. Cdrom.
- Noxious Weeds of Australia. W. Parsons and E. Cuthbertson, 1992, pages 459-461.
- Akobundu I. O. and Agyakwa C.W. (1998). A handbook of West African Weeds. International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Ibadan, Nigeria 308p.
- Flora of China: http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=242348611
- Grard, P., T. Le Bourgeois, J. Rodenburg, P. Marnotte, A. Carrara, R. Irakiza, D. Makokha, G. kyalo, K. Aloys, K. Iswaria, N. Nguyen and G. Tzelepoglou (2012). AFROweeds V.1.0: African weeds of rice. Cédérom. Montpellier, France & Cotonou, Bénin, Cirad-AfricaRice eds.
- International Legume Data and Information Service: http://www.ildis.org/LegumeWeb?version~10.01&LegumeWeb&tno~665&genus~Senna&species~occidentalis
- Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER): http://www.hear.org/pier/species/senna_occidentalis.htm.
- Johnson, D.E., 1997. Weeds of rice in West Africa. WARDA, Bouaké. 214p.
- BioNet-EAFRINET: http://keys.lucidcentral.org/keys/v3/eafrinet/weeds/key/weeds/Media/Html/Senna_occidentalis_%28Coffee_Senna%29.htm Weed of Australia: http://www.weeds.org.au/cgi-bin/weedident.cgi?tpl=plant.tpl&state=&s=&ibra=all&card=S32
- Invasives South Africa https://invasives.org.za/fact-sheet/stinking-weed/
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Thomas Le BourgeoisLa flore des mauvaises herbes de la Canne à Sucre à La Réunion. Caractérisation à partir des témoins des essais d’herbicides. 2005-2016
MP
Marnotte PascalWeeds of tropical rainfed cropping systems: are there patterns at a global level of perception?
TL
Thomas Le BourgeoisImages
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Herbarium pictures ReCOLNAT: https://explore.recolnat.org/search/botanique/simplequery=Senna%2520occidentalis
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
🐾 Taxonomy
| Root | Root |
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Tracheophyta |
| Class | Magnoliopsida |
| Order | Fabales |
| Family | Fabaceae |
| Genus | Senna |
| Species | Senna occidentalis (L.) Link |
📊 Temporal Distribution
📷 Related Observations
