Code
PASDIGrowth form
grassBiological cycle
vivaciousHabitat
terrestrial
🗒 Synonyms
| synonym | Digitaria dilatata (Poir.) Coste |
| synonym | Panicum platense (Spreng.) Kuntze |
| synonym | Paspalum dilatatum f. paucispica Hack., nom. nud. |
| synonym | Paspalum dilatatum subsp. dilatatum |
| synonym | Paspalum dilatatum subsp. flavescens Roseng., B.R.Arrill. & Izag. |
| synonym | Paspalum dilatatum var. decumbens Vasey |
| synonym | Paspalum dilatatum var. sacchariferum Arechav. |
| synonym | Paspalum eriophorum Schult. & Schult.f. |
| synonym | Paspalum lanatum Spreng. [Illegitimate] |
| synonym | Paspalum lanatum Spreng., nom. illeg. |
| synonym | Paspalum moluccanum Huber [Illegitimate] |
| synonym | Paspalum moluccanum Huber, nom. superfl. |
| synonym | Paspalum ovatum Nees ex Trin. [Illegitimate] |
| synonym | Paspalum ovatum Nees ex Trin., nom. superfl. |
| synonym | Paspalum ovatum var. grandiflorum Nees |
| synonym | Paspalum ovatum var. ovatum |
| synonym | Paspalum pedunculare J.Presl |
| synonym | Paspalum platense Spreng. |
| synonym | Paspalum selloi Spreng. ex Nees [Invalid] |
| synonym | Paspalum selloi Spreng. ex Nees, pro syn. |
🗒 Common Names
| Afrikaans |
|
| Anglais / English |
|
| Créole Maurice |
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| Créole Réunion |
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| Français / French |
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| Malgache |
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📚 Overview
Description
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
Global description
Paspalum dilatatum is a vivacious grass with stolons that forms large clumps, 50 cm to 1.5 m high. Its stems and leaves grow straight and reach over a meter in height. Its soft leaves have a prominent midrib, and small hairs can cover the base of the lamina. The panicle consists of 3 to 5 racemes.
First leaves
The first leaves have rolled prefoliation, striated, glabrous and flat sheath. The lamina is lanceolate, acuminate, light green in colour, 2 to 5 times longer than wide, more or less hairy leaf. The membranous ligule is serrated, with the lamina non auriculated at the base.
General habit
Tufted grass, whose stem are erect and not hairy and rampant strain. It reaches 40 to 170 cm high.
Underground system
Fibrous roots emerge from the short, thick rhizomes and from the nodes at the base of the culms.
Culm
Hollow cylindrical or slightly compressed culm. It is firstly spread, rooting at the nodes, and then becomes erect, geniculate, slightly branched. It is glabrous, with nodes having a short dense pubescence.
Leaf
The leaves are simple, alternate, long and narrow, with a smooth sheath at the top part, sometimes swollen. The lamina is 6 to 45 cm long, 3 to 12 mm wide, glabrous, smooth. The ligule is membranous, well developed 2-5 mm, and truncated. There are few isolated stiff hairs at the base of the leaf blade. The margin is scabrous.
Inflorescence
The inflorescence is very irregular, with 3 to 5 racemes spaced by 3 to 10 cm from each other at the top of the stem. The racemes are ascendants or drooping, 4 to 10 cm long and have a small tuft of stiff hairs at the insertion axis. Each raceme has a flattened axis with one side bearing the insertion beamlines of 2 spikelets.
Spikelet
The spikelets measure 2.8 to 4 mm long and wide. They are oval, pointed at the top, fringed with long silky white hairs and covered with shorter hairs on the rest of the surface. The lower glume is much reduced or absent, and the palea of the sterile flower is absent. The fertile floret is slightly longer than wide. White hairs are present on the margin of the upper glume and on the sterile lemma.
Grain
Elliptical grain, rounded, 2.5 mm long. The integument is finely streaked, brown in colour. It remains included in the spikelet during dissemination.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Nomenclature and Classification
No Data
📚 Natural History
Life Cycle
Life cycle
Vivacious
Reproduction
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
Paspalum dilatatum is a vivacious species that multiplies mainly by seeds, but also by the bursting tufts during cultural operations.
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Morphology
Growth form
Tuft plant with narrow leaves
Leaf arrangement
Alternate
Leaf type
Grass or grass-like
Grass-like leaf type
Grass leaf
Type of prefoliation
Rolled leaf
Latex
Without latex
Stem section
Round
Root type
Rhizome
Fibrous roots
Ligule type
Ligule membranous large
Hollow or solid stem
Hollow stem
Stipule type
No stipule
Leaf attachment type
with graminate sheathing and hair
Fruit type
Grain of grasses
Lamina base
sheathing grass-like broader
Lamina margin
scabrous
entire
Lamina apex
attenuate
Upperface pilosity
Glabrous
Lowerface pilosity
Glabrous
Simple leaf type
Lamina linear
Lamina section
folded
Lamina Veination
Parallel
Flower color
Green
Inflorescence type
Alternate racemes
Stem pilosity
Glabrous
Life form
Grass
Geophytic plant
Look Alikes
| Identification key for Paspalum | ||
|---|---|---|
| Ligules | Hairs at the nodes | Species |
| Small < 2 mm | No | Paspalum scrobiculatum |
| Yes | Paspalum paniculatum | |
| Large > 2 mm | No | Paspalum dilatatum |
| Yes | Paspalum urvillei |
Characters to distinguish several Paspalum species
| Racemes | Raceme length |
Spikelet raws |
Spikelet size | Spikelet shape | Spikelet thickness |
Spikelet hairiness | Species |
| 2(3) | 1,5-7 cm | 2 | 2,6-4 mm | elliptical | flattened | glabrous | P. vaginatum |
| 2(3) | 1,5-9 cm | 2 | 2,5-3,5 mm | elliptical | flat/convex | barely cilited | P. distichum |
| 2 | 4-20 cm | 2 | 1,4-1,8 mm | suborbicular | flattened | long and silky hairs | P. conjugatum |
| 2-6 (15) | 2-8 cm | 2 | 1,3-3 mm | suborbicular | flat/convex | glabrous | P. scrobiculatum |
| 3-7 | 3-10 cm | 4 | 2,8-3,8 mm | ovale pointed | flat/convex | long and silky hairs | P. dilatatum |
| 6-25 | 7-14 cm | 4 | 2,2-2,7 mm | ovale lanceolate | flattened | long and silky hairs | P. urvillei |
| 8-50 | 4-12 cm | 4 | 1,2-1,5 mm | suborbicular | flat/convex | ciliate | P. paniculatum |
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
Ecology
Madagascar: recently introduced and naturalized species in humid and sub-humid areas (central High Lands and the eastern slope), where it spreads: especially in fallow in marshland or in alluvial plains, on roadsides and irrigation canals or water bodies.
Mauritius: Common species in very rainy areas of the upper part of the island, it grows on roadsides, in vacant lots and occasionally in the sugar cane fields.
Reunion: The species has naturalized in humid and sub-humid regions, on shallow soils. It is very common along the roads of the coast and at average altitude for the windward coast and in the area of 400-800 m for the leeward coast.
Seychelles: Absent.
Paspalum dilatatum can be found on roadsides and in humid areas.
Comoros: Absent.Madagascar: recently introduced and naturalized species in humid and sub-humid areas (central High Lands and the eastern slope), where it spreads: especially in fallow in marshland or in alluvial plains, on roadsides and irrigation canals or water bodies.
Mauritius: Common species in very rainy areas of the upper part of the island, it grows on roadsides, in vacant lots and occasionally in the sugar cane fields.
Reunion: The species has naturalized in humid and sub-humid regions, on shallow soils. It is very common along the roads of the coast and at average altitude for the windward coast and in the area of 400-800 m for the leeward coast.
Seychelles: Absent.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
No Data
📚 Habitat and Distribution
General Habitat
Habitat
Terrestrial
Description
Worldwide distribution
It is a common species in Africa, Asia, Australia, in southern Europe, New Zealand, in the southern United States, in South America
Geographical distibution
Madagascar
Reunion Island
Mauritius
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Origin
Paspalum dilatatum is native to South AmericaWorldwide distribution
It is a common species in Africa, Asia, Australia, in southern Europe, New Zealand, in the southern United States, in South America
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Occurrence
No Data
📚 Demography and Conservation
Risk Statement
Comoros: Absent.
Madagascar: paspalum dilatatum is a weed still slightly invasive and infrequent in crops.
Mauritius: A weed of low harmfulness, being present in small quantities in crops.
Reunion: This species is present in 25% of cultivated land. Excessively tolerant to all pre- and post-emergence herbicides commonly used, this herb becomes a consequent weed of sugarcane. This plant invades sugar cane fields as the control of other poaceae becomes more efficient. It regularly reaches 30-50% coverage in the North-East of the island.
Seychelles: Absent.
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Local harmfulness
Comoros: Absent.
Madagascar: paspalum dilatatum is a weed still slightly invasive and infrequent in crops.
Mauritius: A weed of low harmfulness, being present in small quantities in crops.
Reunion: This species is present in 25% of cultivated land. Excessively tolerant to all pre- and post-emergence herbicides commonly used, this herb becomes a consequent weed of sugarcane. This plant invades sugar cane fields as the control of other poaceae becomes more efficient. It regularly reaches 30-50% coverage in the North-East of the island.
Seychelles: Absent.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Uses and Management
Management
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Global control
Chemical control with herbicides (trifloxysulfuron, DSMA, MSMA, quinclorac).Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Information Listing
Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF)
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
References
- Le Bourgeois, T., A. Carrara, M. Dodet, W. Dogley, A. Gaungoo, P. Grard, Y. Ibrahim, E. Jeuffrault, G. Lebreton, P. Poilecot, J. Prosperi, J. A. Randriamampianina, A. P. Andrianaivo and F. Théveny (2008). Advent-OI : Principales adventices des îles du sud-ouest de l'Océan Indien. Cédérom. Montpellier, France, Cirad ed.
- https://www.feedipedia.org/node/404
Information Listing > References
- Le Bourgeois, T., A. Carrara, M. Dodet, W. Dogley, A. Gaungoo, P. Grard, Y. Ibrahim, E. Jeuffrault, G. Lebreton, P. Poilecot, J. Prosperi, J. A. Randriamampianina, A. P. Andrianaivo and F. Théveny (2008). Advent-OI : Principales adventices des îles du sud-ouest de l'Océan Indien. Cédérom. Montpellier, France, Cirad ed.
- https://www.feedipedia.org/node/404
Plantes envahissantes et dégradation des pâturages et des espaces pastoraux en Nouvelle-Calédonie
TL
Thomas Le BourgeoisLa flore des mauvaises herbes de la Canne à Sucre à La Réunion. Caractérisation à partir des témoins des essais d’herbicides. 2005-2016
MP
Marnotte PascalWeeds of tropical rainfed cropping systems: are there patterns at a global level of perception?
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Thomas Le BourgeoisEtude de la phénologie et des traits de réponse aux pratiques culturales des espèces végétales d'intérêt pour la lutte biologique en vergers d'agrumes à la Réunion
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Fabrice LE BELLECCaractérisation des communautés adventices des vergers d’agrumes de la Réunion et détermination d’espèces favorables à la mise en place de la lutte biologique par conservation
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Thomas Le BourgeoisImages
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Herbarium pictures ReCOLNAT: https://explore.recolnat.org/search/botanique/simplequery=Paspalum%2520dilatatum
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
🐾 Taxonomy
| Root | Root |
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Tracheophyta |
| Class | Liliopsida |
| Order | Poales |
| Family | Poaceae |
| Genus | Paspalum |
| Species | Paspalum dilatatum Poir. |
📊 Temporal Distribution
📷 Related Observations
