Code
OPLBU
Growth form
grass
Life cycle
annual
Habitat
terrestrial
OPLBU
Growth form
grass
Life cycle
annual
Habitat
terrestrial
🗒 Synonyms
| synonym | Hippagrostis burmanni (Retz.) Kuntze |
| synonym | Oplismenus affinis J.Presl, nom. illeg. |
| synonym | Oplismenus affinis Schult. |
| synonym | Oplismenus affinis var. humboldtianus U.Scholz |
| synonym | Oplismenus albus (Poir.) Roem. & Schult. |
| synonym | Oplismenus baronii A.Camus |
| synonym | Oplismenus bromoides (Lam.) P.Beauv. |
| synonym | Oplismenus burmanni f. cristatus (J.Presl) Hiern ex Peter |
| synonym | Oplismenus burmanni var. albidulus N.E.Br. |
| synonym | Oplismenus burmanni var. lanatus (Buse) Backer |
| synonym | Oplismenus burmanni var. multisetus (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) U.Scholz |
| synonym | Oplismenus burmanni var. nudicaulis (Vasey) McVaugh |
| synonym | Oplismenus cristatus J.Presl |
| synonym | Oplismenus gracilis Schltdl. |
| synonym | Oplismenus gracillimus Mez |
| synonym | Oplismenus hirtellus subsp. japonicus (Steud.) U.Scholz |
| synonym | Oplismenus hookeri Parl. |
| synonym | Oplismenus humbertianus A.Camus |
| synonym | Oplismenus humboldtianus Nees |
| synonym | Oplismenus humboldtianus var. muticus E.Fourn. |
| synonym | Oplismenus humboldtianus var. nudicaulis Vasey |
| synonym | Oplismenus indicus Duthie |
| synonym | Oplismenus japonicus (Steud.) Honda |
| synonym | Oplismenus javanicus Klotzsch ex Schltdl. [Invalid] |
| synonym | Oplismenus javanicus Klotzsch ex Schltdl., nom. nud. |
| synonym | Oplismenus mollissimus Hochst. ex Steud. [Invalid] |
| synonym | Oplismenus mollissimus Hochst. ex Steud., pro syn. |
| synonym | Oplismenus multisetus A.Rich. |
| synonym | Oplismenus preslii Kunth |
| synonym | Oplismenus undulatifolius var. japonicus (Steud.) Koidz. |
| synonym | Orthopogon albus (Poir.) Nees ex Steud. [Invalid] |
| synonym | Orthopogon albus (Poir.) Nees ex Steud., pro syn. |
| synonym | Orthopogon bromoides (Lam.) Loudon |
| synonym | Orthopogon burmanni (Retz.) R.Br. |
| synonym | Orthopogon burmanni var. glabrescens Buse |
| synonym | Orthopogon burmanni var. lanatus Buse |
| synonym | Panicum album Poir. |
| synonym | Panicum bromoides Lam. |
| synonym | Panicum burmanni Retz. |
| synonym | Panicum cristatum (J.Presl) Steud. |
| synonym | Panicum francoi Steud. |
| synonym | Panicum ischnocaulon Steud. [Illegitimate] |
| synonym | Panicum ischnocaulon Steud., nom. superfl. |
| synonym | Panicum japonicum Steud. |
| synonym | Panicum lappaceum Willd. ex Spreng. [Invalid] |
| synonym | Panicum lappaceum Willd. ex Spreng., pro syn. |
| synonym | Panicum multisetum (A.Rich.) Steud. |
| synonym | Panicum sanctae-marthae Steud. |
| synonym | Panicum schultesii Steud. [Invalid] |
| synonym | Panicum schultesii Steud., pro syn. |
🗒 Common Names
| Comorian |
|
| Other |
|
📚 Overview
Description
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General habit
Oplismnus hirtellus is an annual stoloniferous geniculate grass, branched at nodes with tall stems of 10 to 40 cm.
Underground system
Adventitious and fibrous roots at the nodes of the base of the plant.
Culm
Small cylindrical culm of the grass, with short internodes at the base, glabrous or pubescent, greenish in colour tinted with red, hairy nodes.
Leaf
Leaves are simple alternate sheathing. The sheath is half closed and pubescent, measuring about 4 cm long. Ligule membranous ciliated. Blade broad, flat, soft, with a clasping, often asymmetrical base and acuminate (acute wedge-shaped) apex. It can be glabrous to densely pubescent, 1 to 7 cm long and 4 to 15 mm wide.
Inflorescence
Inflorescence of 5 to 10 cm long, formed from 3 to 10 very hairy racemes, staggered on one slender axis. Each raceme of 0.3 to 2 cm long is obliquely erect.
Flower
Spikelets arranged in pairs, lanceolate, hairy of 2 to 3 mm long, with 3 scabrous uneven edges.
Grain
Grain covered by the lemma and palea.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Nomenclature and Classification
No Data
📚 Natural History
Life Cycle
Life cycle
Annual
Mayotte : Oplismenus burmanni flowers form March to May and fruits from May to June.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
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Reproduction
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Oplismenus burmanni is an annual species that reproduces by seeds spread by wind and water.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Morphology
Growth form
Tuft plant with narrow leaves
Leaf arrangement
Alternate
Leaf type
Grass or grass-like
Grass-like leaf type
Grass leaf
Type of prefoliation
Rolled leaf
Latex
Without latex
Stem section
Round
Root type
Fibrous roots
Ligule type
Ligule membranous and long ciliaite
Hollow or solid stem
Hollow stem
Stipule type
No stipule
Leaf attachment type
with graminate sheathing and hair
Fruit type
Grain of grasses
Lamina base
sheathing grass-like auriculate
Lamina margin
ciliate
entire
Lamina apex
attenuate
Upperface pilosity
Dense hairy
Upperface hair type
Long
Lowerface pilosity
Dense hairy
Lowerface hair type
Long
Simple leaf type
Lamina linear
Lamina section
flat
Lamina Veination
Parallel
Flower color
Green
Inflorescence type
Spike
Alternate racemes
Stem pilosity
Dense hairy
Less hairy
Stem hair type
Hispidus
Pubescent
Life form
Grass
Look Alikes
3 species of the genus Oplismenus can be confused in Madagascar, which are distinguished by the following characteristics:
| Biology | ridges spikelets | Pilosity of raceme | Length of Raceme | Distance of inter-raceme | |
| O. burmanni | annual | fine and scaberulous | hirsute | 0,3-2 cm | > to the length of racemes |
| O. hirtellus | vivacious | robust and smooth | glabrous ou hairy non hirsute | short < 2,5 cm | |
| O. compositus | long 2,5 - 10 cm | < to the length of the racemes |
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
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Ecology
Comoros: Oplismenus burmanni is a species present on the basaltic land in young cassava crop. Species undergrowth in shady areas up to 1000 m altitude.
Madagascar: Oplismenus burmanni is a common species throughout the island, even in the dry regions of the south and west. It is a plant of light shade, that occurs especially in edge forest and underwood. It is frequent in the humid zones of the east and the center. It sometimes forms almost pure stands and does not seem to be grazed by animals. In the forest zone it is often a weed in crops.
Mauritius: Species present in the undergrowth in dry forests near the Black River and Mount Tamarin.
Mayotte: Oplismenus burmanni is a cryptogenic species, quite common on the rocky coast and in the xerophilous region. It is found on islets, rocky points, but also in degraded environments of the hygrophilic zone, generally on very poor soils.
Reunion : Present but rare species.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
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No Data
📚 Habitat and Distribution
General Habitat
Habitat
Terrestrial
Agroforestry
Description
Geographical distibution
Madagascar
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Origin
Oplismenus burmanni is a species native to the tropical regions of Africa, the Indian Ocean, India, Southeast Asia to Northwest Australia.
Worldwide distribution
This species has been introduced in Central and North America.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Occurrence
No Data
📚 Demography and Conservation
Risk Statement
Local harmfulness
Comoros: Species rare in a more or less cleaned cassava field. Weed accompanying vegetable crops, banana, and vanilla.
Madagascar: Oplismenus burmanni is a common weed of crops in the forest zone of the island, especially in plots from recent deforestation.
Mayotte: Oplismenus burmanni is a fairly common weed, present in 9% of cultivated plots. It is present in forage crops, ylang plantations and fruit crops. It can also be found in pineapple crops. It is rather frequent in the center of the island.
Reunion: Oplismenus burmanni is not observed as a weed in crops in Reunion Island.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
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No Data
📚 Uses and Management
📚 Information Listing
Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF)
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
References
- Bosser J., 1969, Graminées des pâturages et des cultures à Madagascar. ORSTOM, Paris, p. 353
- Huat, J., Nagy, M., Carpente, A., Schwartz, M., Le Bourgeois, T. & Marnotte, P. 2021. Guide de la flore spontanée des agrosystèmes de Mayotte. Montpellier, Cirad. 150 p.
- Barthelat, F. 2019. La Flore illustrée de Mayotte. Meze, Paris, France, Collection Inventaires et Biodiversité, Biotope – Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle. 687 p.
- Bosser, J., Fergusson, I.K. & Soopramanien, C. Mult. an. Flore des Mascareignes. La Réunion, Maurice, Rodrigues, MSIRI, IRD, Kew.
- https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30453766-2
Information Listing > References
- Bosser J., 1969, Graminées des pâturages et des cultures à Madagascar. ORSTOM, Paris, p. 353
- Huat, J., Nagy, M., Carpente, A., Schwartz, M., Le Bourgeois, T. & Marnotte, P. 2021. Guide de la flore spontanée des agrosystèmes de Mayotte. Montpellier, Cirad. 150 p.
- Barthelat, F. 2019. La Flore illustrée de Mayotte. Meze, Paris, France, Collection Inventaires et Biodiversité, Biotope – Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle. 687 p.
- Bosser, J., Fergusson, I.K. & Soopramanien, C. Mult. an. Flore des Mascareignes. La Réunion, Maurice, Rodrigues, MSIRI, IRD, Kew.
- https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30453766-2
Images
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Herbarium pictures ReCOLNAT: https://explore.recolnat.org/search/botanique/simplequery=Oplismenus%2520burmannii
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
🐾 Taxonomy
| Root | Root |
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Tracheophyta |
| Class | Liliopsida |
| Order | Poales |
| Family | Poaceae |
| Genus | Oplismenus |
| Species | Oplismenus burmanni (Retz.) P.Beauv. |
📊 Temporal Distribution
📷 Related Observations
