Skip to content
Login
WIKTROP - Weed Identification and Knowledge in the Tropical and Mediterranean areas
WIKTROP - Weed Identification and Knowledge in the Tropical and Mediterranean areas
SpeciesMapsDocumentsIDAO

Ipomoea eriocarpa R.Br.

Accepted
Ipomoea eriocarpa R.Br.
Ipomoea eriocarpa R.Br.
Ipomoea eriocarpa R.Br.
Ipomoea eriocarpa R.Br.
Ipomoea eriocarpa R.Br.
Ipomoea eriocarpa R.Br.
Ipomoea eriocarpa R.Br.
Ipomoea eriocarpa R.Br.
Ipomoea eriocarpa R.Br.
Ipomoea eriocarpa R.Br.
Ipomoea eriocarpa R.Br.
Ipomoea eriocarpa R.Br.
Ipomoea eriocarpa R.Br.
Ipomoea eriocarpa R.Br.
Ipomoea eriocarpa R.Br.
Ipomoea eriocarpa R.Br.
Ipomoea eriocarpa R.Br.
Ipomoea eriocarpa R.Br.
Ipomoea eriocarpa R.Br.
Ipomoea eriocarpa R.Br.
Ipomoea eriocarpa R.Br.
Ipomoea eriocarpa R.Br.
Ipomoea eriocarpa R.Br.
Ipomoea eriocarpa R.Br.
Ipomoea eriocarpa R.Br.
Ipomoea eriocarpa R.Br.
Ipomoea eriocarpa R.Br.
Ipomoea eriocarpa R.Br.
Ipomoea eriocarpa R.Br.
Ipomoea eriocarpa R.Br.
Ipomoea eriocarpa R.Br.
Ipomoea eriocarpa R.Br.
Ipomoea eriocarpa R.Br.
Ipomoea eriocarpa R.Br.
Ipomoea eriocarpa R.Br.
🗒 Synonyms
synonymConvolvulus angulatus Spreng.
synonymConvolvulus curtana Buch.-Ham. ex Wall.
synonymConvolvulus eriocarpus (R. Br.) Spreng.
synonymConvolvulus hirtus Wight ex Steud.
synonymConvolvulus hispidus Vahl
synonymConvolvulus phoeniceus Spreng.
synonymConvolvulus rampania Buch.-Ham. ex Wall.
synonymConvolvulus sessiliflorus (Roth) Spreng.
synonymConvolvulus tamnifolius Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.
synonymIpomoea carsonii Baker
synonymIpomoea conferta G. Don
synonymIpomoea hispida (Vahl) Roem. & Schult.
synonymIpomoea horsefieldiana Miq.
synonymIpomoea horsfieldiana Miq.
synonymIpomoea ligulata Boj.
synonymIpomoea ligulata Bojer
synonymIpomoea sessiliflora Roth
synonymIpomoea sindica Stapf
synonymIpomoea sphaerocephala Sweet
synonymIpomoea trematosperma Hochst. ex Choisy
synonymJacqemontia thomensis Henriq.
synonymJacquemontia thomensis Henriq.
synonymQuamoclit angulata (Roem. & Schult.) Boj.
synonymQuamoclit phoenicea Choisy
synonymTirtalia hispida (Vahl) Rafin.
🗒 Common Names
Creoles and pidgins; French-based
  • Ipomée à fruit velu
Malgache
  • Saritaho
  • Sarisarimbomanga
📚 Overview
Overview
Brief
Code

IPOER

Growth form

Creeper

Biological cycle

Annual

Habitat

Terrestrial

Thomas Le Bourgeois
Attributions
Contributors
Thomas Le Bourgeois
StatusUNDER_CREATION
LicensesCC_BY
References
    Diagnostic Keys
    Description

    Global description

    Ipomoea eriocarpa is a twining species with simple alternate leaves. The cotyledons are bi-lobed. The stem and the petioles are covered with reflected hairs. The leaves are cordate at the bottom and acute at the apex, in the heart more or less elongate. The flowers are small, bell-shaped, white or purple in colour and assembled in groups on the axils of leaves. The fruits are globular pubescent capsules. The seeds are glabrous.
     
    Cotyledons

    The cotyledons are remarkable. The blade is more or less deeply bilobed, generally up to half the length. The top of the lobe is rounded. The base of the blade is truncated. Two pairs of arcuate lateral veins are visible. The lamina measures 11 to 13 mm long and 8 to 10 mm wide. It is held by a petiole of 5 to 6 mm long. The cotyledons are located on the top of a long hypocotyl of 2 to 3 cm and covered with short reflected hairs.
     
    First leaves
     
    The first leaves are alternate and simple. They are lanceolate, slightly cordate at petiole base. The petiole which is shorter at the start gradually reaches a length matching that of the lamina. As the stem, it is bristling with retrorse hairs. The young stem rapidly twining and bristling with retrorse hairs.

    General habit
     
    Plant has a twining growth habit. The plant creeps on the floor or twines when it encounters a support around which it is wrapped. The main axis is little or not branched, it can measure 3 to 4 m long.
     
    Underground system
     
    The plant has a taproot system.

    Stem
     
    The stem is slender, cylindrical and solid. It is bristling with a pubescence of reflected rigid hairs.
     
    Leaf
     
    The leaves are alternate and simple. They are carried by a petiole, 1 to 6 cm long, with reflected pubescence. The leaf blade is sagittate to lanceolate. The length to width ratio varies from very rounded leaves to very narrow leaves. The length of the lamina varies from 3 to 12 cm and the width of 3 to 5 cm. The apex is more or less acute, sometimes mucronate. The base is deeply cordate. The lower sides of the leaf blade are sometimes rounded in large atria. The margin is entire. Both sides are slightly hairy. The blade is traversed by 7 to 12 arcuate lateral veins.
     
    Inflorescence
     
    The inflorescence consists of flowers assembled in groups of 3 to 10 on top of a short axillary peduncle of 3 to 8 mm.
     
    Flower
     
    The flowers themselves have a short pedicel of 1 mm. The calyx consists of 5 pubescent sepals, linear to lanceolate, with rounded top, 6 mm long. Corolla campanulate, consisting of 5 fused petals, slightly pubescent, flared at the top. The flowers are white or purple and are 6 to 10 mm long and 10 to 15 mm wide.
     
    Fruit
     
    The fruit is a globular dehiscent capsule, covered with a strong pubescence. It is 3 mm in diameter and 2 mm high. The top of the capsule is surmounted by a short peak corresponding to the style of the ovary. Each capsule contains 4 seeds.
     
    Seed
     
    The seed is trigonal. The posterior surface is rounded whereas the two side faces are planar. It measures 2.2 mm high and wide. The seed coat is dark gray, glabrous and very finely reticulated.
    Wiktrop
    AttributionsWiktrop
    Contributors
    StatusUNDER_CREATION
    LicensesCC_BY
    References
      No Data
      📚 Natural History
      Life Cycle

      Life cycle

      Annual
      Annual

      Northern-Cameroon: Ipomoea eriocarpa is observed throughout the rainy season. Its germination is possible from the first rains of May until the last rains of November. This plasticity gives it the assurance to reproduce every year. The germinative phase is not affected by cultural operations (ploughing, weeding, ridging). The period of maximum germination is between July and September at the time of the heaviest rains. I. eriocarpa is a species whose flowering is induced by the shortening of the photoperiod. Whatever the technical itinerary, flowering starts in October, followed 2 or 3 weeks later by fruiting. Also the complete reproductive cycle of this species varies from 20 weeks for early emergence in May to 4 weeks for late emergence in October. Early cycle weeding techniques, whether chemical or mechanical, protect the crop temporarily but do not prevent the development and reproduction of species such as I. eriocarpa at the end of the cycle.
      Mayotte: Ipomoea eriocarpa flowers from May to August and fruits from June to September.

      Wiktrop
      AttributionsWiktrop
      Contributors
      StatusUNDER_CREATION
      LicensesCC_BY
      References
        Reproduction

        Ipomoea eriocarpa is an annual species. It multiplies only by seed. Seed germination is greatly enhanced by their transit through the digestive tracts of cattle.


        Wiktrop
        AttributionsWiktrop
        Contributors
        StatusUNDER_CREATION
        LicensesCC_BY
        References
          Morphology

          Liana climbing structure

          Liana without tendril
          Liana without tendril

          Type of prefoliation

          Leaf ratio medium
          Leaf ratio medium
          Narrow leaf
          Narrow leaf

          Latex

          Without latex
          Without latex

          Root type

          Taproot
          Taproot

          Stipule type

          No stipule
          No stipule

          Fruit type

          Capsule splitting vertically in 3 carpels
          Capsule splitting vertically in 3 carpels

          Lamina apex

          attenuate
          attenuate
          acute
          acute

          Simple leaf type

          Lamina elliptic
          Lamina elliptic

          Lamina Veination

          Palmate
          Palmate
          pennate
          pennate

          Flower color

          Pinkish
          Pinkish
          White
          White

          Inflorescence type

          Pedonculate glomerule
          Pedonculate glomerule
          Axillary solitary flower
          Axillary solitary flower

          Stem pilosity

          Dense hairy
          Dense hairy

          Stem hair type

          Hairs reflected
          Hairs reflected

          Life form

          Broadleaf plant
          Broadleaf plant
          Climber
          Climber
          Distinction of Ipomoea species from flower color and leaf shape


          flower color leaf shape flower size species
          red cordate
          entire to trilobed with tines
          L 2,5-3 cm
          diam 2-2,5 cm
          Ipomoea hederifolia
          pinnate L 3-3,5 cm
          diam 1,5-2 cm
          Ipomoea quamoclit
          pink hastate
          entire
          L 4-5 cm 
          diam 5-8 cm
          Ipomoea aquatica
          cordate
          trilobed
          L 2 cm
          diam 1,8-2,5 cm
          Ipomoea triloba
          sagitate
          entire
          L 0,6-1 cm
          diam 1-1,5 cm
          Ipomoea eriocarpa
          blue violet cordate
          entire to trilobed
          L 5-7 cm
          diam 7 cm
          Ipomoea indica
          cordate
          entire
          L 2,5-5 cm
          diam 4-6 cm
          Ipomoea purpurea
          blue cordate
          trilobed
          L 5-6 cm
          diam 4-6 cm
          Ipomoea nil
          white sagitate
          entire
          L 0,6-1 cm
          diam 1-1,5 cm
          Ipomoea eriocarpa
          cordate
          entire
          L 1,5-2,5 cm
          diam 1,5-2 cm
          Ipomoea obscura
          palmate L 2-3 cm
          diam 3-5 cm
          Merremia aegyptia
          cordate
          entire to trilobed
          L 7-12 cm
          diam 8-10 cm
          Ipomoea alba
          yellow cordate
          entire
          L 3-4 cm
          diam 4-6 cm
          Ipomoea ochracea
          cordate
          entire
          L 2-3 cm
          diam 2-3 cm
          Merremia umbellata

          .

          Thomas Le Bourgeois, Marnotte Pascal
          Attributions
          Contributors
          StatusUNDER_CREATION
          LicensesCC_BY
          References
            Look Alikes
            Distinction des espèces du genre Ipomoea d'après la couleur des fleurs et forme des feuilles


            couleur
            des fleurs
            feuilles taille fleur espèces
            rouge cordées
            entières à trilobées avec des dents
            L 2,5-3 cm
            diam 2-2,5 cm
            Ipomoea hederifolia
            pennées L 3-3,5 cm
            diam 1,5-2 cm
            Ipomoea quamoclit
            rose hastées
            entières
            L 4-5 cm 
            diam 5-8 cm
            Ipomoea aquatica
            cordées
            trilobées
            L 2 cm
            diam 1,8-2,5 cm
            Ipomoea triloba
            sagittées
            entières
            L 0,6-1 cm
            diam 1-1,5 cm
            Ipomoea eriocarpa
            bleu violet cordées
            entières à trilobées
            L 5-7 cm
            diam 7 cm
            Ipomoea indica
            cordées
            entières
            L 2,5-5 cm
            diam 4-6 cm
            Ipomoea purpurea
            bleue cordées
            trilobées
            L 5-6 cm
            diam 4-6 cm
            Ipomoea nil
            blanche sagittées
            entières

            L 0,6-1 cm
            diam 1-1,5 cm
            Ipomoea eriocarpa
            cordées
            entières

            L 1,5-2,5 cm
            diam 1,5-2 cm
            Ipomoea obscura
            palmées L 2-3 cm
            diam 3-5 cm
            Merremia aegyptia
            cordées
            entières à trilobées
            L 7-12 cm
            diam 8-10 cm
            Ipomoea alba
            jaune cordées
            entières
            L 3-4 cm
            diam 4-6 cm
            Ipomoea ochracea
            cordées
            entières
            L 2-3 cm
            diam 2-3 cm
            Merremia umbellata

            .

            Marnotte Pascal, Thomas Le Bourgeois
            Attributions
            Contributors
            StatusUNDER_CREATION
            LicensesCC_BY
            References

              Ipomoea purpurea and Ipomoea indica can be easily confused. Ipomoea purpurea is a vine not exceeding 4 m long, with generally entire leaves (unlobed), but rarely lobed, inflorescences usually containing 1 flower sometimes up to 4, the corolla of which is 4 to 5 cm long with color more often pastel (pink, blue, purple), while Ipomoea indica is a large liana that can easily reach 10 m long, has leaves of variable form often trilobed, dense inflorescences always containing several flowers and often more than 4, with corolla 5 to 7 cm long and of intense blue or violet color.

              Identification keys of Convolvulaceae
              Pinnatisect leaf blade (*) Ipomoea quamoclit
              palmate lamina (*) Merremia aegyptia
              palmatisect leaf blade (*) No supernumerary lobes at the base of the leaf Entire leaf margin Merremia dissecta
              Highly serrated leaf margin Ipomoea coptica
              Supernumerary lobes at the base of the leaf Ipomoea cairica
              lamina simple tri-lobed Stem with latex Ipomoea batatas
              Stem without latex stem and leaf hirsute Ipomoea nil
              stem and leaf pubescent Ipomoea indica
              stema nd leaf usually glabrous well marked lobes Ipomoea triloba
              slightly marked lobes Ipomoea hederifolia
              Lamina simple entire stem with latex Hollow stem, aquatic plant Ipomoea aquatica
              Solid stem, terrestrial plant  Ipomoea batatas
              stem without latex stem glabrous Entire margin Ipomoea alba
              Margin marked by 2 to 5 tines Ipomoea hederifolia
              pubescent stem sagittate leaf blade margin of the leaf glabrous Ipomoea eriocarpa
              ovate leaf blade margin of the leaf ciliated Jacquemontia tamnifolia
              Leaf blade cordate at the base leaf blade pubescent leaves small. always simple  Ipomoea purpurea
              leaves large often trilobed Ipomoea indica
              leaf blade usually glabrous apiculate tip  Ipomoea obscura

              pinnatisect : a simple leaf with pinnate segments nearly reaching the central mid-rib,
              Palmate : composite leaf whose leaflets resemble fingers
              palmatiséquée : simple leaf with deeply cut lobes, closely reaching the base of the leaf
              Wiktrop
              AttributionsWiktrop
              Contributors
              StatusUNDER_CREATION
              LicensesCC_BY
              References
                Distinction between Ipomoea species from cotyledon shape

                V-shaped free brances
                or preety much
                branches widely apart 40 mm long Ipomoea quamoclit
                branches slightly apart 40 mm long Ipomoea aquatica
                20 mm long Ipomoea obscura
                branches welded at the base 20 mm long Ipomoea triloba
                bilobé 12 mm long Ipomoea eriocarpa
                25 mm long Ipomoea nil
                little indented petiolate 20 mm long Ipomoea indica
                long petiolate 25 à 30 mm long Ipomoea hederifolia
                shortly petiolate 25 à 30 mm long Merremia aegyptia
                indented with a basal tooth petiolate 15 mm long and width Ipomoea purpurea
                .

                Thomas Le Bourgeois, Marnotte Pascal
                Attributions
                Contributors
                StatusUNDER_CREATION
                LicensesCC_BY
                References
                  Ecology

                  Northern Cameroon: Ipomoea eriocarpa is a weed extremely common and generally abundant in all annual crops, from the Sahelo-Sudanese regions to Sudanese regions. This species is ubiquitous and grows on any soil type. Seed germination is related to their passage through the digestive tract of ruminants, this species is particularly frequent and abundant in livestock areas or where cattle manure is used as amendment plots.
                  Comoros: absent.
                  Madagascar: Very common species in rainfed regions of sub-humid and semi-arid Madagascar (Middle-East, West and Southwest). This is an undemanding species that can infest all dry crops on different soil types.
                  Mauritius: absent.
                  Mayotte: Ipomoea eriocarpa is a rather rare indigenous species which grows in secondarized environments.
                  Reunion: This species is ubiquitous and grows on any soil type, preferably at low altitude.
                  Seychelles: absent.

                  Wiktrop
                  AttributionsWiktrop
                  Contributors
                  StatusUNDER_CREATION
                  LicensesCC_BY
                  References
                    No Data
                    📚 Habitat and Distribution
                    Description

                    Geographical distibution

                    Madagascar
                    Madagascar
                    Reunion Island
                    Reunion Island

                    Ipomoea eriocarpa is widespread throughout tropical Africa, Madagascar, in the tropical regions of Asia and Australia.

                    Wiktrop
                    AttributionsWiktrop
                    Contributors
                    StatusUNDER_CREATION
                    LicensesCC_BY
                    References
                      No Data
                      📚 Occurrence
                      No Data
                      📚 Demography and Conservation
                      Risk Statement

                      Local harmfulness

                      Benin: The important contribution of cattle manure in cotton cultures promote rapid invasion by dominant Ipomoea eriocarpa.
                      Northern Cameroon: I. eriocarpa is present, with a high abundance index, 90% of cultivated plots in Sudano-Sahelian and Sudano-Sahelian area where livestock is an important activity and where cattle graze in the plots after harvest. However, in the Sudanese region where pastoral activity is low and much more recent, I. eriocarpa is only present in 60% of the plots, with a very low abundance index.
                      Comoros: absent.
                      Madagascar: A weed frequent in rainfed crops but with low to average abundance. However, its presence as voluble plant is very troublesome, this results in a complication of the (or losses) harvest especially for upland rice, cotton, cowpea.
                      Mauritius: absent.
                      Reunion: A weed rare in crops.
                      Seychelles: absent.
                       
                      Wiktrop
                      AttributionsWiktrop
                      Contributors
                      StatusUNDER_CREATION
                      LicensesCC_BY
                      References
                        No Data
                        📚 Uses and Management
                        Management

                        Global control

                         
                        Ipomoea eriocarpa is insensitive to the pre-emergence herbicides of cotton plants. Pre-emergence corn herbicides having improved efficacy against this species, it is preferable to spread the manure in corn instead of cotton cultivation.
                        Wiktrop
                        AttributionsWiktrop
                        Contributors
                        StatusUNDER_CREATION
                        LicensesCC_BY
                        References
                          No Data
                          📚 Information Listing
                          References
                          1. Berhaut J., 1975. Flore illustrée du Sénégal. Tome 3. Clairafrique éd., Dakar, Sénégal, 634 p.
                          2. Barthelat, F. 2019. La Flore illustrée de Mayotte. Meze, Paris, France, Collection Inventaires et Biodiversité, Biotope – Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle. 487 p.
                          1. Berhaut J., 1967. Flore du Sénégal. 2ème éd. Clairafrique éd., Dakar, Sénégal, 485 p.
                          1. Braun M., Burgstaller H., Hamdoun A. M. & Walter H., 1991. Common weeds of Central Sudan. GTZ, Verlag Josef Margraf ed. Scientific Book, Weikersheim, Germany, 329 p.
                          1. Gaborel Ch., 1987. La prévulgarisation des traitements herbicides en culture cotonnière et en maïsiculture au Bénin. Cot. Fib. Trop., Vol. XLII, fasc. 2 : 111-115.
                          1. Grard, P., T. Le Bourgeois and H. Merlier (2010). Adventrop V.1.5 Les adventices d'Afrique soudano-sahélienne. Montpellier, France, Cirad.
                          1. Hutchinson J., Dalziel J. M., Keay R. W. J. & Hepper F. N., 1963. Flora of West Tropical Africa. Vol. II. 2ème éd. The Whitefriars Press ed., London & Tonbridge, 544 p.
                          1. Le Bourgeois Th., 1993. Les mauvaises herbes dans la rotation cotonnière au Nord-Cameroun (Afrique) - Amplitude d'habitat et degré d'infestation - Cycle de développement. Thèse USTL Montpellier II, Montpellier, France, 241 p.
                          1. Le Bourgeois, T., A. Carrara, M. Dodet, W. Dogley, A. Gaungoo, P. Grard, Y. Ibrahim, E. Jeuffrault, G. Lebreton, P. Poilecot, J. Prosperi, J. A. Randriamampianina, A. P. Andrianaivo and F. Théveny (2008). Advent-OI : Principales adventices des îles du sud-ouest de l'Océan Indien. Cirad. Montpellier, France, Cirad.
                          1. Le Bourgeois, T. and H. Merlier (1995). Adventrop - Les adventices d'Afrique soudano-sahélienne. Montpellier, France, Cirad. 640 p.
                          Information Listing > References
                          1. Berhaut J., 1975. Flore illustrée du Sénégal. Tome 3. Clairafrique éd., Dakar, Sénégal, 634 p.
                          2. Barthelat, F. 2019. La Flore illustrée de Mayotte. Meze, Paris, France, Collection Inventaires et Biodiversité, Biotope – Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle. 487 p.
                          3. Berhaut J., 1967. Flore du Sénégal. 2ème éd. Clairafrique éd., Dakar, Sénégal, 485 p.
                          4. Braun M., Burgstaller H., Hamdoun A. M. & Walter H., 1991. Common weeds of Central Sudan. GTZ, Verlag Josef Margraf ed. Scientific Book, Weikersheim, Germany, 329 p.
                          5. Gaborel Ch., 1987. La prévulgarisation des traitements herbicides en culture cotonnière et en maïsiculture au Bénin. Cot. Fib. Trop., Vol. XLII, fasc. 2 : 111-115.
                          6. Grard, P., T. Le Bourgeois and H. Merlier (2010). Adventrop V.1.5 Les adventices d'Afrique soudano-sahélienne. Montpellier, France, Cirad.
                          7. Hutchinson J., Dalziel J. M., Keay R. W. J. & Hepper F. N., 1963. Flora of West Tropical Africa. Vol. II. 2ème éd. The Whitefriars Press ed., London & Tonbridge, 544 p.
                          8. Le Bourgeois Th., 1993. Les mauvaises herbes dans la rotation cotonnière au Nord-Cameroun (Afrique) - Amplitude d'habitat et degré d'infestation - Cycle de développement. Thèse USTL Montpellier II, Montpellier, France, 241 p.
                          9. Le Bourgeois, T., A. Carrara, M. Dodet, W. Dogley, A. Gaungoo, P. Grard, Y. Ibrahim, E. Jeuffrault, G. Lebreton, P. Poilecot, J. Prosperi, J. A. Randriamampianina, A. P. Andrianaivo and F. Théveny (2008). Advent-OI : Principales adventices des îles du sud-ouest de l'Océan Indien. Cirad. Montpellier, France, Cirad.
                          10. Le Bourgeois, T. and H. Merlier (1995). Adventrop - Les adventices d'Afrique soudano-sahélienne. Montpellier, France, Cirad. 640 p.

                          Etude floristique et phytoécologique des adventices des complexes sucriers de Ferké 1 et 2, de Borotou-Koro et de Zuenoula, en Côte d'Ivoire

                          Thomas Le Bourgeois
                          Images
                          Thomas Le Bourgeois
                          Attributions
                          Contributors
                          StatusUNDER_CREATION
                          LicensesCC_BY
                          References
                            No Data
                            🐾 Taxonomy
                            📊 Temporal Distribution
                            📷 Related Observations
                            👥 Groups
                            WIKTROP - Weed Identification and Knowledge in the Tropical and Mediterranean areasWIKTROP - Weed Identification and Knowledge in the Tropical and Mediterranean areas
                            Powered byBiodiversity Informatics Platform - v4.2.1
                            Technology PartnerStrand Life Sciences