Euphorbia helioscopia (sun spurge)
Identity
- Preferred Scientific Name
- Euphorbia helioscopia L. 1753
- Preferred Common Name
- sun spurge
- International Common Names
- Englishcat's tailmilkweedsun euphorbiaumbrella milkweedwartweed
- Spanishlecherinalecheruelalechetrezna comunmamona
- Frencheuphorbe réveil-matintithymale
- Chineseze qi
- Portuguesemaleiteiratititalo dos vales
- Local Common Names
- Argentinalechtrenza medicinal
- Belgiumkroontjeskruid
- Chilelechtrenza
- Denmarkskaerm-vortemaelk
- Egyptsaa'da
- Finlandviisisatiteinen
- GermanySonnenwendige wolfsmilchSonnenwend-WolfsmilchSonnen-Wolfsmilch
- Iraqkhannag ed-dajaj
- Italyerba calenzolaeuforbia elioscopia
- Japantodaigusa
- Lebanonrummadahsa'dah
- Moroccoreveille-matin
- NetherlandsKroontjeskruid
- Norwayakervortemjolk
- Pakistangunda buti
- South Africagibfossiemelkbossiemelkgrassambreel melkkruidson euphorbiasonwolfsmelkwolfsmelk
- Swedenrevormstoerel
- EPPO code
- EPHHE (Euphorbia helioscopia)
Pictures
Mature plant in flower
NOVARTIS
Euphorbia helioscopia
Robert Vidéki, Doronicum Kft., bugwood.org
Refer to Bugwood: http://www.bugwood.org/ImageUsage.html
Euphorbia helioscopia
Robert Vidéki, Doronicum Kft., bugwood.org
Refer to Bugwood: http://www.bugwood.org/ImageUsage.html
Euphorbia helioscopia
Robert Vidéki, Doronicum Kft., bugwood.org
Refer to Bugwood: http://www.bugwood.org/ImageUsage.html
Euphorbia helioscopia
Robert Vidéki, Doronicum Kft., bugwood.org
Refer to Bugwood: http://www.bugwood.org/ImageUsage.html
Euphorbia helioscopia
Robert Vidéki, Doronicum Kft., bugwood.org
Refer to Bugwood: http://www.bugwood.org/ImageUsage.html
Euphorbia helioscopia
Robert Vidéki, Doronicum Kft., bugwood.org
Refer to Bugwood: http://www.bugwood.org/ImageUsage.html
Euphorbia helioscopia
Gerald Holmes, California Polytechnic State University at San Luis Obispo, bugwood.org
Refer to Bugwood: http://www.bugwood.org/ImageUsage.html
Euphorbia helioscopia
Gerald Holmes, California Polytechnic State University at San Luis Obispo, bugwood.org
Refer to Bugwood: http://www.bugwood.org/ImageUsage.html
Distribution
Host Plants and Other Plants Affected
| Host | Host status | References |
|---|---|---|
| Arachis hypogaea (groundnut) | Main | |
| Beta vulgaris (beetroot) | Main | |
| Citrus | Main | Celepcİ et al. (2017) |
| Glycine max (soyabean) | Main | |
| Gossypium (cotton) | Main | |
| Hordeum vulgare (barley) | Main | Pala (2020) |
| Ipomoea batatas (sweet potato) | Main | |
| Linum usitatissimum (flax) | Main | |
| Medicago sativa (lucerne) | Main | Hassannejad and Ghafarbi (2014) |
| Oryza sativa (rice) | Main | |
| pastures | Main | |
| Saccharum officinarum (sugarcane) | Main | Khan et al. (2012) |
| Solanum tuberosum (potato) | Main | |
| Triticum aestivum (wheat) | Main | Hassannejad and Ghafarbi (2013) Hassannejad et al. (2014) Fazal and Muhammad (2015) Shah and Khan (2006) Marwat et al. (2006) Kazi et al. (2007) Ihsan et al. (2011) |
| Vitis vinifera (grapevine) | Main | |
| Zea mays (maize) | Main |
Prevention and Control
Cultural Control
Plants should be hand-pulled or mechanically controlled before flowering. They must be either uprooted or buried, as simply breaking the stem will result in resprouting at the soil surface.
Chemical Control
E. helioscopia has developed resistance to 2,4-D in Pakistan (Ghafoor and Shad, 1990).E. helioscopia has been controlled in various countries with butachlor in dryland rice (Bajwa et al., 1985), napropamide, pendimethalin and trifluralin in nurseries (Petrov, 1987), fluroxypyr (Ghafoor and Shad, 1990), and chlorotoluron in wheat (Fazali and Khan, 1991). The only herbicides registered for its control in Australia are fluroxypyr and metribuzin (Hamilton, 1997).Herbicide recommendations indicated by Mamarot and Rodriguez (1997) include the use of metolachlor, atrazine and EPTC in maize, aclonifen in sunflower, linuron and combinations of desmedipham, ethofumesate and phenmedipham in sugar beet, fluorochloridone in peas and sunflower, fomesafen and metribuzin in soyabean, linuron and metobromuron in potato and neburon in cereals
Biological Control
No biological control has been attempted against E. helioscopia (Julien, 1992).
Impact
E. helioscopia is generally a weak competitor with most temperate and some subtropical crops and, as such, weed populations must be high to cause significant yield reduction. The plant is probably toxic to stock, but being unpalatable is seldom, if ever, eaten in quantities which cause poisoning. The seeds may contaminate crop seeds at harvest. The latex causes dermatitis in some people (Holm et al., 1997), and if it comes into contact with the eyes may cause temporary blindness (Hassawy et al., 1968).The plant is an alternative host for a strain of potato X potexvirus in Belarus (Ambrosov and Bltoskaya, 1978), and for species of the root nematode Pratylenchus (Rossner, 1983).
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
Copyright © CABI. CABI is a registered EU trademark. This article is published under a Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
History
Published online: 19 September 2022
Language
English
Authors
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