Taxonomy : Fam. Compositae// Genus: Scolymus // Species: Scolymus hispanicus L.
Determined according to the botanical key provided in Flora Europaea Vol. 4 (Tutin et al., 1976).
Lifeform: Biennial to perennial (hemicryptophyte according to the Raunkiær system).
Distribution: Native from the Mediterranean to Switzerland, Southeast Europe and Iran according to the distribution information provided by the Plants of the World Online portal (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew).
Habitat: Open and dry habitats- dry grasslands, hill pastures, rocky terrains.
Flowering period: Summer: JUL, AUG.
Scolymus hispanicus – habit in habitat. Hills near Kochani, 10.07.2020. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Scolymus hispanicus – habit. Hills near Kochani, 10.07.2020. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Scolymus hispanicus – habit. Hills near Kochani, 10.07.2020. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Scolymus hispanicus – habit. Hills near Kochani, 10.07.2020. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Scolymus hispanicus – habit. Hills near Kochani, 10.07.2020. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Scolymus hispanicus – habit. Hills near Kochani, 10.07.2020. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Scolymus hispanicus – habit. Hills near Kochani, 10.07.2020. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Scolymus hispanicus – habit. Hills near Kochani, 10.07.2020. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Scolymus hispanicus – flowering stem with capitula. Hills near Kochani, 10.07.2020. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Scolymus hispanicus – flowering stem with capitula. Hills near Kochani, 10.07.2020. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Scolymus hispanicus – flowering stem with capitula. Hills near Kochani, 10.07.2020. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Scolymus hispanicus – flowering stem with capitula. Hills near Kochani, 10.07.2020. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Scolymus hispanicus – leaves and capitulum. Hills near Kochani, 10.07.2020. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Scolymus hispanicus – leaves and capitulum. Hills near Kochani, 10.07.2020. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Scolymus hispanicus – capitulum. Hills near Kochani, 10.07.2020. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Scolymus hispanicus – stem with cauline leaves and fruiting capitula. Hills near Kochani, 10.07.2020. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Scolymus hispanicus – leaves. Hills near Kochani, 10.07.2020. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Scolymus hispanicus – stems with cauline leaves and plant base. Hills near Kochani, 10.07.2020. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Scolymus hispanicus – lower part of stems with cauline leaves and plant base. Hills near Kochani, 10.07.2020. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Scolymus hispanicus – plant base with withered basal rosette at anthesis. Hills near Kochani, 10.07.2020. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Scolymus hispanicus – habit in habitat. Hilly region near village of Beli. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Scolymus hispanicus – habit. Hilly region near village of Beli. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Scolymus hispanicus – habit. Hilly region near village of Beli. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Scolymus hispanicus – flowering stems with capitula. Hilly region near village of Beli, 15.07.2020. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Scolymus hispanicus – capitulum. Hilly region near village of Beli, 15.07.2020. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Scolymus hispanicus – capitula. Hilly region near village of Beli, 15.07.2020. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
References:
Scolymus hispanicus L. Plants of the World Online portal, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:243010-1 [Accessed 19.03.2022].
Tutin, T.G., Heywood, V.H., Burges, N.A., Moore, D.M., Valentine, D.H., Walters, S.M. & Webb, D.A. (1976). Flora Europaea. Volume 4: Plantaginaceae to Compositae (and Rubiaceae). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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