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Brassica Juncea L.: A Potential Crop for Phytoremediation of Various Heavy Metals

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Heavy Metal Toxicity: Environmental Concerns, Remediation and Opportunities

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Abstract

Brassica juncea L. (Indian mustard) is an economically important oilseed crop of Brassicaceae family. Diverse plant species of Brassicaceae family are identified as hyperaccumulators of different heavy metals with various applications in phytoremediation. Polluted soil and water negatively impact the quality of food and nutrients of human and animal biota, which are mainly polluted by untreated effluent discharges from industries, which are broadly classified into metallic and nonmetallic pollutant-bearing effluents. Among all types of pollutants, heavy metals are one of the most toxic pollutants adversely affecting the environment. Several conventional physicochemical methods are used to clean up the heavy metal-contaminated environment, but most of them have a high cost of running along with poor efficiency. Brassica juncea L. has been widely investigated and applied for the phytoremediation of different toxic heavy metals such as arsenic (As), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), and lead (Pb). Phytoremediation is a sustainable, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly technology that offers clear advantages over traditional methods for site cleanup and detoxication. This green technology is applied to remediate the polluted soils without altering the properties of soil. Brassica juncea L. has the capacity to extract, sequester, and detoxify the heavy metals present in the different terrestrial environments. Phytoremediation by Indian mustard is widely investigated through different mechanisms, viz., phytoextraction, phytostabilization, etc., and the relationship of Brassica juncea L. plants with different microorganisms for the management of heavy metal-induced stress and desired growth. The current chapter provides comprehensive information on the heavy metal accumulation and antioxidative defense potential of Brassica juncea L. (Indian mustard) in different phytoremediation strategies.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Botany, Chaudhary Devi Lal University, Sirsa, India

    Preeti Rani

  2. Department of Energy and Environmental Sciences, Chaudhary Devi Lal University, Sirsa, India

    Pawan Kumar Rose & Mohd. Kashif Kidwai

  3. Department of Botany, Kurukshetra University Kurukshetra, Thanesar, Haryana, India

    Meenakshi

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  1. Preeti Rani
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  3. Mohd. Kashif Kidwai
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  4. Meenakshi
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Rajeev Pratap Singh

  2. Department of Science, Institute of Computer Science and Technology, SHEPA, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Pooja Singh

  3. Department of Life Science, Central University of South Bihar, Gaya, Bihar, India

    Amrita Srivastava

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Rani, P., Rose, P.K., Kidwai, M.K., Meenakshi (2023). Brassica Juncea L.: A Potential Crop for Phytoremediation of Various Heavy Metals. In: Singh, R.P., Singh, P., Srivastava, A. (eds) Heavy Metal Toxicity: Environmental Concerns, Remediation and Opportunities. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-0397-9_14

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