Abstract
Narcissus tazetta var. chinensis (N. taz. var. chi.) accessions collected from the coastal areas of China, Korea, and Japan were compared with accessions of lower ranks of Narcissus tazetta (N. taz.) from Italy to study the genetic variations and with several morphologically similar cultivars available in the trade. Sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrITS) dendrogram and the chloroplast trnL-IS-trnF intergeneric spacer-gene (cpIS) were analyzed by maximum likelihood (ML) and posterior probability using STRUCTURE program. All single flower form of N. taz. var. chi. collected from China, Korea, and Japan are very closely related based on the sequence analyses of cpIS and nrITS, regardless whether it is a single or double flower. Single flower N. taz. var. chi. from China, Korea, and Japan were not related to those from several lower ranks collected from Italy including N. taz. subsp. italicus. The double flower N. taz. var. chi. accessions were not related to any other morphologically similar double flower commercially available cultivars. The correlation between the ML dendrogram and the posterior probability analysis for cpIS are generally consistent with most N. taz. var. chi. accessions. However, significant differences between the clustering by ML dendrogram and posterior probability analysis for nrITS were observed, suggesting that posterior probability analysis is considered more valuable than ML dendrogram to study the genetic variations. The nomenclature of the lower ranks of N. taz. should be examined further.
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Acknowledgements
We thank Dr. Tao Yuan of Beijing Forestry University for assisting in translating the Chinese articles into English. We thank Drs. M. Antonetti, S. Ohki, H. Ohkubo, and X. Wu, who kindly provided the leaves and bulbs evaluated in this test, and Dr. S. Fukai for providing the documents. We give special thanks to Dr. P.Y. Ko, Jeju National University, Korea for information on N. tazetta var. chi. in Jeju. The information and image of the single flower N. tazetta from the Hannyaji Temple provided by Y.K. Lee and the permission to use the double and single flowered N. tazetta var. chi. by T. Velardi is appreciated. We thank Dr. Meerow, USDA, ARS, and Dr. Santo-Galley, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, for the comments to improve the manuscript.
Funding
This work was supported in part by a grant awarded to YH Joung from the New Breeding Technologies Development Program (Project No. PJ01654401) Rural Development Administration, Rep. of Korea. Rural Development Administration, Korea and personal contributions from M.S. Roh.
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S.Y. Park, M.J. Jeon, and Y.H. Joung performed the laboratory experiments in genetic characterization and analysis of data and received English editing service, K. Amundson analyzed the data using STRUCTURE program, G. Burchi and A. Porcelli supplied germplasm collected from Italy with information on characteristics, and M.S. Roh perceived the idea of the concept, coordinated with colleagues collecting germplasm and prepared the manuscript.
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Park, S.Y., Jeon, M.J., Joung, Y.H. et al. Genetic variations of Narcissus tazetta and selected Narcissus cultivars based on the sequence analysis of nrITS and trnL-IS-trnF regions. Genet Resour Crop Evol 70, 1585–1603 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-022-01521-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-022-01521-4