Figure 1.
Effect of ALA applications on the ratio of germination percentage (GP) (A), dry weights of seed (B), and chlorophyll (Chl) concentration (C) under cold stress in E. nutans (DX, Damxung and ZD, Zhengdao).
ALA pretreatment at different concentrations (0, 0.1, 0.5, 1, 5, 10, and 25 mg l−1) were carried out prior to cold stress (5°C). Bars represent the mean ± SD (n = 3). Bars with different letters are significantly different at the 5% level.
Figure 2.
Effect of ALA applications on MDA (A), H2O2 concentrations (B) and the rate of O2•− generation (C) under cold stress in E. nutans (DX, Damxung and ZD, Zhengdao).
Bars represent the mean ± SD (n = 3). Bars with different letters are significantly different at the 5% level.
Figure 3.
Effect of ALA applications on GSH (A), AsA (B), total glutathione (C), total ascorbate concentrations (D), and the ratios of GSH/GSSG (E) and AsA/oxidized ascorbate (F) under cold stress in E. nutans (DX, Damxung and ZD, Zhengdao).
Bars represent the mean ± SD (n = 3). Bars with different letters are significantly different at the 5% level.
Figure 4.
Effect of ALA applications on the activities of SOD (A), CAT (B), APX (C), and GR (D) under cold stress in E. nutans (DX, Damxung and ZD, Zhengdao).
Bars represent the mean ± SD (n = 3). Bars with different letters are significantly different at the 5% level.
Figure 5.
Effect of ALA applications on seed respiration rate (A) and ATP content (B) under cold stress in E. nutans (DX, Damxung and ZD, Zhengdao).
Bars represent the mean ± SD (n = 3). Bars with different letters are significantly different at the 5% level.
Figure 6.
Effect of ALA applications on the activities of PM H+-ATPase under cold stress in E. nutans (DX, Damxung and ZD, Zhengdao).
Bars represent the mean ± SD (n = 3). Bars with different letters are significantly different at the 5% level.
Figure 7.
Effect of ALA applications on endogenous ALA concentrations under cold stress in E. nutans (DX, Damxung and ZD, Zhengdao).
Bars represent the mean ± SD (n = 3). Bars with different letters are significantly different at the 5% level.