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Solanum torvum Sw.

Accepted
Solanum torvum Sw.
Solanum torvum Sw.
Solanum torvum Sw.
Solanum torvum Sw.
Solanum torvum Sw.
Solanum torvum Sw.
Solanum torvum Sw.
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🗒 Synonyms
synonymSolanum acanthifolium Hort. Par. ex Dunal
synonymSolanum campechiense Hort. Par. ex Dunal, nomen nudum
synonymSolanum crotonoides Michx. ex Dunal, nomen nudum
synonymSolanum ficifolium Ortega
synonymSolanum heterophyllum Balb. ex Dunal, nomen nudum
synonymSolanum largiflorum C.T.White
synonymSolanum maccai Bertero ex Dunal, nomen nudum
synonymSolanum mammosum Herb. ex Dunal, nomen nudum
synonymSolanum mannii C.H.Wright
synonymSolanum mayanum Lundell
synonymSolanum sanctum Jan ex Dunal, nomen nudum
synonymSolanum torvum var. typicum Hochr.
🗒 Common Names
Assamese
  • Bhi-tita
  • Bhit tita
  • Hati bhekuri
Bengali
  • Tita Bagoon
English
  • Devil's Fig
  • Pea Eggplant
  • Prickly Nightshade
  • Turkeyberry
  • Turkey Berry
  • Wild Eggplant
Hindi
  • Bhankatiya
  • Bhurat
Irula
  • Bed sundai
Kannada
  • Sundekkayi
Karbi
  • Bongali-aheso-arong
Malayalam
  • Anachunda
  • Cheriyamodumutticka
  • Chithiramchunda
  • Chunda
  • Malamchunda
  • Parachunda
Marathi
  • Marang
Other
  • Bed Sundai
  • Chundai
  • Devil's Fig
  • Kothu Kathiri
  • Prickley Solanum
  • Shoo-shoo Bush
  • Susumber
  • Turkey Berry
  • Wild Egg Plant
Sanskrit
  • ब्रह्टी Brihati
Tamil
  • Soondai
  • Sundai
  • சுண்டைக்காய் Sundaikkai
Telugu
  • Kottuvastu
bodo
  • Khingathai-phang
  • Khunthai Goukha
📚 Overview
Overview
Summary
Brief
Flowering class: Dicot Habit: Shrub
Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
Attributions Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
Contributors 
D. Narasimhan
Status UNDER_CREATION
Licenses CC_BY
References 
    Diagnostic Keys
    Description
    Habit: Shrub
    G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram
    Attributions G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram
    Contributors 
    Status UNDER_CREATION
    Licenses CC_BY
    References 
      Shrubs to 2 m tall. Stem densely stellate-hairy when young; prickles few, scattered. Leaves 7-14 x 5-10 cm, ovate, usually coarsely 2-3-sinulate, base obliquely subcordate, apex acute, stellately pubescent on both sides, dense on lower sides, chartaceous, scattered with a few prickles on midrib and on petiole; lateral nerves 4 or 5 pairs; petioles 1.5 - 3.5 cm long. Inflorescence supra-axillary, many-flowered corymbose cymes; peduncle to 5 cm long. Calyx tube 2-2.5 mm long, campanulate, lobes oblong. Corolla white, c. 2.5 cm across; lobes 5-6 mm long, ovate, pubescent outside. Berry 1-1.5 cm across, globose, pale green turning dull orange. Seeds discoid, smooth.
      Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
      Attributions Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
      Contributors 
      Status UNDER_CREATION
      Licenses CC_BY
      References 
        Habit: A large shrub, upto 3m.
        Keystone Foundation
        Attributions Keystone Foundation
        Contributors 
        Status UNDER_CREATION
        Licenses CC_BY
        References 
          No Data
          📚 Natural History
          Cyclicity
          Flowering & fruiting :August - October
          Wild edible plants of Assam. by Sri Brahmananda Patiri and Sri Ananta Borah, published by the Director Forest Communication, Forest Department, Assam. Curated for upload by Pranjal Mahananda.
          Attributions Wild edible plants of Assam. by Sri Brahmananda Patiri and Sri Ananta Borah, published by the Director Forest Communication, Forest Department, Assam. Curated for upload by Pranjal Mahananda.
          Contributors 
          Status UNDER_CREATION
          Licenses CC_BY
          References 
            Flowering and fruiting: July-March
            Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
            Attributions Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
            Contributors 
            Status UNDER_CREATION
            Licenses CC_BY
            References 
              Morphology
              A shrub of 8 - 12 ft. height, sparingly armed, sparsely stellate pubescent. Leaves ovate, serrate or lobed, shortly acuminate, sparsely stellate pubescant. Flowers white, in extra axillary cyme. Fruit berry, globose, seated on a persistant calyx.
              Wild edible plants of Assam. by Sri Brahmananda Patiri and Sri Ananta Borah, published by the Director Forest Communication, Forest Department, Assam. Curated for upload by Pranjal Mahananda.
              Attributions Wild edible plants of Assam. by Sri Brahmananda Patiri and Sri Ananta Borah, published by the Director Forest Communication, Forest Department, Assam. Curated for upload by Pranjal Mahananda.
              Contributors 
              Status UNDER_CREATION
              Licenses CC_BY
              References 
                Flower

                In extra-axillary corymbose cymes; white. Flowering in two peaks February-April and August-November.

                Fruit

                A globose berry; green; seeds numerous, smooth, circular. Fruiting throughout the year.

                Field tips

                Stem and leaves densely white stellate pubescent.

                Leaf Arrangement

                Opposite

                Leaf Type

                Simple

                Leaf Shape

                Ovate

                Leaf Apex

                Acute

                Leaf Base

                Obliquely subcordate-truncate

                Leaf Margin

                Sinuate

                Keystone Foundation
                Attributions Keystone Foundation
                Contributors 
                Status UNDER_CREATION
                Licenses CC_BY
                References 
                  Miscellaneous Details
                  Notes: Plains to Low Altitude, Cultivated, Native of Tropical America
                  G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram
                  Attributions G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram
                  Contributors 
                  Status UNDER_CREATION
                  Licenses CC_BY
                  References 
                    Fruits used in medicine.
                    Keystone Foundation
                    Attributions Keystone Foundation
                    Contributors 
                    Status UNDER_CREATION
                    Licenses CC_BY
                    References 
                      No Data
                      📚 Habitat and Distribution
                      General Habitat
                      Degraded forest areas and also in the plains
                      Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
                      Attributions Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
                      Contributors 
                      Status UNDER_CREATION
                      Licenses CC_BY
                      References 
                        Along wastelands and roadsides, less in the plains, sometimes cultivated for the fruit. Hills above 700m, Indian Subcontinent.
                        Keystone Foundation
                        Attributions Keystone Foundation
                        Contributors 
                        Status UNDER_CREATION
                        Licenses CC_BY
                        References 
                          Description
                          Assam Distribution

                          The plant is almost common in the entire state generally in scrub forests, road sides, foot hills etc.

                          Wild edible plants of Assam. by Sri Brahmananda Patiri and Sri Ananta Borah, published by the Director Forest Communication, Forest Department, Assam. Curated for upload by Pranjal Mahananda.
                          Attributions Wild edible plants of Assam. by Sri Brahmananda Patiri and Sri Ananta Borah, published by the Director Forest Communication, Forest Department, Assam. Curated for upload by Pranjal Mahananda.
                          Contributors 
                          Status UNDER_CREATION
                          Licenses CC_BY
                          References 
                            Global Distribution

                            Throughout the tropics

                            Indian distribution

                            State - Kerala, District/s: All Districts

                            Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
                            Attributions Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
                            Contributors 
                            Status UNDER_CREATION
                            Licenses CC_BY
                            References 
                              Karnataka: Chikmagalur, Coorg, Hassan, Mysore, N. Kanara, Shimoga, S. Kanara Kerala: All districts Tamil Nadu: All districts
                              G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram
                              Attributions G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram
                              Contributors 
                              Status UNDER_CREATION
                              Licenses CC_BY
                              References 
                                Found along the roads and wastelands from plains to 700m. Sometimes cultivated in kitchen gardens. Common. Indian subcontinent.
                                Keystone Foundation
                                Attributions Keystone Foundation
                                Contributors 
                                Status UNDER_CREATION
                                Licenses CC_BY
                                References 
                                  No Data
                                  📚 Occurrence
                                  No Data
                                  📚 Uses and Management
                                  Uses

                                  System of Medicines Used In

                                  Ayurveda
                                  Ayurveda
                                  Folk medicine
                                  Folk medicine
                                  Siddha
                                  Siddha
                                  Traditional chinese medicine
                                  Traditional chinese medicine
                                  Fruit is eaten as vegetable, it is less bitter in taste than S. myriacanthum
                                  Wild edible plants of Assam. by Sri Brahmananda Patiri and Sri Ananta Borah, published by the Director Forest Communication, Forest Department, Assam. Curated for upload by Pranjal Mahananda.
                                  Attributions Wild edible plants of Assam. by Sri Brahmananda Patiri and Sri Ananta Borah, published by the Director Forest Communication, Forest Department, Assam. Curated for upload by Pranjal Mahananda.
                                  Contributors 
                                  Status UNDER_CREATION
                                  Licenses CC_BY
                                  References 
                                    Medicinal
                                    Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
                                    Attributions Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
                                    Contributors 
                                    Status UNDER_CREATION
                                    Licenses CC_BY
                                    References 
                                      Extracts of the plant are reported to be useful in many treatments. The fruit is bitter in taste and is cooked and eaten.
                                      Keystone Foundation
                                      Attributions Keystone Foundation
                                      Contributors 
                                      Status UNDER_CREATION
                                      Licenses CC_BY
                                      References 
                                        System Of Medicines Used In

                                        Ayurveda, Folk medicine, Siddha, Traditional chinese medicine

                                        FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants: http://envis.frlht.org/plant_details.php?disp_id=1956
                                        Attributions FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants: http://envis.frlht.org/plant_details.php?disp_id=1956
                                        Contributors 
                                        Status UNDER_CREATION
                                        Licenses CC_BY
                                        References 
                                          Folklore
                                          Indigenous Information: Fruits are edible. The seeds are removed and cooked with lentils.
                                          Keystone Foundation
                                          Attributions Keystone Foundation
                                          Contributors 
                                          Status UNDER_CREATION
                                          Licenses CC_BY
                                          References 
                                            No Data
                                            📚 Information Listing
                                            References
                                            1. Solanum torvum Sw., Prodr. 47. 1788; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 4: 234. 1883; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 937(658). 1923; Manilal & Sivar., Fl. Calicut 189. 1982; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 278. 1984; Ansari, Fl. Kasaragod Div. 253. 1985; Ramach. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Cannanore Dist. 312. 1988; Antony, Syst. Stud. Fl. Kottayam Dist. 275. 1989; Babu, Fl. Malappuram Dist. 503. 1990; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 320. 1990; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 323. 1994; Subram., Fl. Thenmala Div. 242. 1995; Sasidh. et al., Bot. Stud. Med. Pl. Kerala 26. 1996; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 317. 1996; Sasidh., Fl. Shenduruny WLS 221. 1997; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 466. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 275. 1998; Sasidh., Fl. Chinnar WLS 219. 1999; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 213. 2002; Mohanan & Sivad., Fl. Agasthyamala 478. 2002; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 352. 2005; Sunil & Sivadasan, Fl. Alappuzha Dist. 487. 2009; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 573. 2009.
                                            1. Flora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. II, 1987
                                            1. D K Ved, Suma Tagadur Sureshchandra, Vijay Barve, Vijay Srinivas, Sathya Sangeetha, K. Ravikumar, Kartikeyan R., Vaibhav Kulkarni, Ajith S. Kumar, S.N. Venugopal, B. S. Somashekhar, M.V. Sumanth, Noorunissa Begum, Sugandhi Rani, Surekha K.V., and Nikhil Desale. 2016. (envis.frlht.org / frlhtenvis.nic.in). FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants, Bengaluru. http://envis.frlht.org/plant_details.php?disp_id=1956
                                            Information Listing > References
                                            1. Solanum torvum Sw., Prodr. 47. 1788; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 4: 234. 1883; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 937(658). 1923; Manilal & Sivar., Fl. Calicut 189. 1982; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 278. 1984; Ansari, Fl. Kasaragod Div. 253. 1985; Ramach. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Cannanore Dist. 312. 1988; Antony, Syst. Stud. Fl. Kottayam Dist. 275. 1989; Babu, Fl. Malappuram Dist. 503. 1990; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 320. 1990; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 323. 1994; Subram., Fl. Thenmala Div. 242. 1995; Sasidh. et al., Bot. Stud. Med. Pl. Kerala 26. 1996; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 317. 1996; Sasidh., Fl. Shenduruny WLS 221. 1997; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 466. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 275. 1998; Sasidh., Fl. Chinnar WLS 219. 1999; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 213. 2002; Mohanan & Sivad., Fl. Agasthyamala 478. 2002; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 352. 2005; Sunil & Sivadasan, Fl. Alappuzha Dist. 487. 2009; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 573. 2009.
                                            2. Flora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. II, 1987
                                            3. D K Ved, Suma Tagadur Sureshchandra, Vijay Barve, Vijay Srinivas, Sathya Sangeetha, K. Ravikumar, Kartikeyan R., Vaibhav Kulkarni, Ajith S. Kumar, S.N. Venugopal, B. S. Somashekhar, M.V. Sumanth, Noorunissa Begum, Sugandhi Rani, Surekha K.V., and Nikhil Desale. 2016. (envis.frlht.org / frlhtenvis.nic.in). FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants, Bengaluru. http://envis.frlht.org/plant_details.php?disp_id=1956

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                                            No Data
                                            📚 Meta data
                                            No Data
                                            🐾 Taxonomy
                                            RootRoot
                                            KingdomPlantae
                                            PhylumTracheophyta
                                            ClassMagnoliopsida
                                            OrderSolanales
                                            FamilySolanaceae
                                            GenusSolanum
                                            SpeciesSolanum torvum Sw.
                                            📊 Temporal Distribution
                                            📷 Related Observations
                                            👥 Groups
                                            India Biodiversity PortalIndia Biodiversity Portal
                                            The Western GhatsThe Western Ghats
                                            PlantsIndiaPlantsIndia
                                            Medicinal PlantsMedicinal Plants
                                            Assam Biodiversity PortalAssam Biodiversity Portal
                                            Rainforest Biodiversity of PhaleeRainforest Biodiversity of Phalee
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