Herb
Rorippa palustris (L.) Besser
🗒 Synonyms
synonym | Nasturtium densiflorum Turcz. |
synonym | Nasturtium homalospermum O.E. Schulz |
synonym | Nasturtium semipinnatifidum Hook. |
synonym | Rorippa nasturtioides Spach |
synonym | Sisymbrium hybridum Thuill. |
🗒 Common Names
English |
|
Other |
|
📚 Overview
Summary
Rorippa species are aquatic or mesic, annual, biennial or perennial herbs, glabrous or pubescent with simple trichomes, not scapose. Rootstocks rhizomatous, caudex sometimes present. Stem erect or prostrate, ascending, leafy, simple or branched. Basal leaves simple, rosulate or not, usually withered before flowering, obovate-oblanceolate to oblong, base cuneate to attentuate, margin entire, sinuate dentate, lyrate to pinnatisect, apex acute, petiolate, cauline leaves usually gradually smaller, base cuneate, margin entire, dentate to pinnatisect, petiole short to sessile. Inflorescence racemes, many flowered, considerably elongated in fruit, ebracteate, rarely bracteate. Flowers bisexual, yellow, white or pink, pedicel erect or slightly curved, divaricate or reflexed, slender, ascending, sepals 4, erect or spreading, linear ovate-oblong, margin membranous, inner lateral pair base rarely saccate, petals 4 or rarely absent, obovate-oblanceolate to spathulate, margins entire, apex obtuse or emarginate, claw distinct, usually shorter than sepals. Stamens 6 rarely 4, tetradynamous, filaments not dilated near the base, anthers ovate-oblong, apex obtuse rarely apiculate, nectar glands 4 confluent, usually subtending the bases of stamens, median glands present. Ovary superior, bicarpellary, ovules 10-250. Fruit siliqua or silicles, dehiscent, linear cylindrical, ellipsoid or obovoid, sessile or shortly stipitate, terete, erect or slightly curved, latiseptate, smooth or torulose, valves chartaceous with prominent or obscurely veined, replum rounded, septum complete, style obsolete or short, stigma capitate, entire or slightly bilobed. Seeds usually biseriate, rarely uniseriate, brown, plump, elliposid, oblong-ovoid, not winged or rarely winged, minutely reticulate, mucilaginous or not when soaked, cotyledons accumbent.
Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India.; Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India.; Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
Attributions | Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India.; Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India.; Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC_SA |
References |
No Data
📚 Nomenclature and Classification
References
Enum. Pl. (Besser) 27. 1822
Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India.; Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India.; Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
Attributions | Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India.; Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India.; Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC_SA |
References |
No Data
📚 Natural History
Reproduction
Rorippa species flowers are complete, bisexual, i.e., with functional male (androecium) and female (gynoecium), including stamens, carpels and ovary. Pollination is entomophilous i.e., by insects, or cleistogamy i.e., by self or allogamy i.e., by cross pollination. Flowering/Fruiting: April—July.
Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India.; Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India.; Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
Attributions | Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India.; Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India.; Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC_SA |
References |
Dispersal
Seeds may be dispersed by autochory i.e., self dispersal, anemochory i.e., wind dispersal, zoochory i.e., dispersal by birds or animals, anthropochory i.e., dispersal by humans.
Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India.; Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India.; Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
Attributions | Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India.; Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India.; Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC_SA |
References |
Morphology
Annual, biennial or rarely short lived perennial herbs, usually glabrous or rarely sparsely pubescent with simple cylindrical trichomes, about 10-100 cm tall, not scapose. Stem erect or ascending, leafy, simple or branched from slightly above. Basal leaves in rosulate or not, usually withered before flowering, obovate-oblanceolate in outline, about 5-20 x 1-4.5 cm across, margin lyrately pinnatisect, lateral lobes 2-6 if present, gradually becoming larger towards the apex, terminal lobe the largest, lobe margin crenate, apex obtuse, petiole up to 1-4 cm long, cauline leaves gradually smaller, base auriculate or amplexicaul, margin irregularly serrate dentate, crenate or rarely entire, apex subacute to obtuse, glabrous both above and beneath, sometimes sparsely pubescent beneath, petiole subsessile to sessile. Inflorescence raceme corymbs, many flowered, about 10-30 cm long, elongated in fruit, ebracteate. Flowers bisexual, yellow, pedicel erect or reflexed, divaricate, slender, ascending, about 3-10 mm long, sepals 4, erect, linear oblong, margin membranous, inner lateral pair base rarely saccate, about 2-3 x 0.5-1 mm across, petals 4, obovate-spathulate, margins entire, apex emarginate, about 1.8-2.5 x 0.6-1.5 mm across. Stamens 6, tetradynamous, filaments not dilated near the base, about 1.5-2 mm long, anthers oblong, about 0.3-0.5mm long, apex obtuse rarely apiculate. Ovary superior, bicarpellary, ovules 20-90. Fruit siliqua, dehiscent, ellipsoid, about 5-12 x 2-2.5 mm across, sessile, erect or slightly curved, latiseptate, smooth or torulose, valves chartaceous with prominent midvein, replum rounded, septum complete, style about 0.3-0.9 mm long, stigma capitate, entire or slightly bilobed. Seeds biseriate, reddish brown, slightly compressed, orbicular, ovate-ovoid, about 0.5-0.8 mm long, minutely reticulate, colliculate, mucilaginous or not when soaked, cotyledons accumbent.
Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India.; Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India.; Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
Attributions | Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India.; Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India.; Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC_SA |
References |
Diseases
Rorippa species are susceptible to various insect pests, virus, mildews and moulds.
Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India.; Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India.; Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
Attributions | Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India.; Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India.; Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC_SA |
References |
No Data
📚 Habitat and Distribution
General Habitat
Moist places
Humid marshy places, near streams and lakes, altitude 2000-3300 m.
Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India.; Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India.; Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
Attributions | Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India.; Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India.; Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC_SA |
References |
Description
Global Distribution
India: Assam, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Meghalaya
Indian Distribution
Tinsukia
Global Distribution
Asia: Afghanistan, Bhutan, China, India, Japan, Kazakhstan, Korea, Mongolia, Nepal, Pakistan, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan; Australasia; Africa; Europe; North America.
Local Distribution
Assam, Bihar, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, West Bengal.
Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India.; Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India.; Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
Attributions | Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India.; Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India.; Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC_SA |
References |
No Data
📚 Occurrence
No Data
📚 Demography and Conservation
Conservation Status
Not evaluated (IUCN).
Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India.; Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India.; Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
Attributions | Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India.; Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India.; Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC_SA |
References |
No Data
📚 Uses and Management
Uses
Leaves are edible, also used as antiscorbutic.
Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India.; Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India.; Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
Attributions | Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India.; Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India.; Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC_SA |
References |
No Data
📚 Information Listing
References
- Plant sexual morphology. (2013, February 20). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 10:31, February 21, 2013, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Plant_sexual_morphology&oldid=539322400
- Linnaean Plant Name Typification Project. URL: http://www.nhm.ac.uk/research-curation/research/projects/linnaean-typification/database/detail.dsml?ID=367500&listPageURL=list%2edsml%3fVarqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26CVarqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26CGenusqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26CSpeciesqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26sort%3dGenus%252cSpecies%26Speciesqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26Genus%3dFicus%26Genusqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26CSspqtype%3dstarts%2bwith
- Seed dispersal. (2013, September 11). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 08:42, February 11, 2013, URL: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Seed_dispersal&oldid=572442927
- Tropicos, botanical information system at the Missouri Botanical Garden - www.tropicos.org. URL: http://www.tropicos.org/Name/4100243
- The International Plant Names Index (2012). Published on the Internet http://www.ipni.org. URL: http://www.ipni.org/ipni/simplePlantNameSearch.do;jsessionid=0F29745EEAEF65A35D71C40CEC319E2A?find_wholeName=Rorippa+palustris&output_format=normal&query_type=by_query&back_page=query_ipni.html
- The Plant List (2010). Version 1. Published on the Internet; http://www.theplantlist.org/ URL: http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2417173
- Harvard University Herbaria, Publication and Botanist databases (HUH) © 2001 - 2013 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College.
- Hooker, J. D., (1872) Flora of British India. Reprint by Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Publishers, Dehra Dun. 1: 133.
- Birgitta Bremer et. al. (2009): An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III. From Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 105-121.
- Flora of North America 'eFloras (2008). Published on the Internet http://www.efloras.org [accessed 12 April 2014]*' Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA. URL: http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=241000171
- IUCN 2013. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2013.2. . Downloaded on 18 March 2015.
- Mark W. chase and James L. Reveal (2009): A Phylogenetic classification of the land plants to accompany APG III. From Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 122-127.
- Sharma, B. D., Balakrishnan, N. P., Rao, R. R., & Hajra, P. K. (1993), Flora of India, Botanical Survey of India. Deep Printers, New Delhi. Vol. 2: 131.
- Plants For A Future. URL: http://www.pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Rorippa+palustris
- Encyclopedia of Life. Available from http://www.eol.org. Accessed 15 Jan 2014.
Information Listing > References
- Plant sexual morphology. (2013, February 20). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 10:31, February 21, 2013, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Plant_sexual_morphology&oldid=539322400
- Linnaean Plant Name Typification Project. URL: http://www.nhm.ac.uk/research-curation/research/projects/linnaean-typification/database/detail.dsml?ID=367500&listPageURL=list%2edsml%3fVarqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26CVarqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26CGenusqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26CSpeciesqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26sort%3dGenus%252cSpecies%26Speciesqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26Genus%3dFicus%26Genusqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26CSspqtype%3dstarts%2bwith
- Seed dispersal. (2013, September 11). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 08:42, February 11, 2013, URL: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Seed_dispersal&oldid=572442927
- Tropicos, botanical information system at the Missouri Botanical Garden - www.tropicos.org. URL: http://www.tropicos.org/Name/4100243
- The International Plant Names Index (2012). Published on the Internet http://www.ipni.org. URL: http://www.ipni.org/ipni/simplePlantNameSearch.do;jsessionid=0F29745EEAEF65A35D71C40CEC319E2A?find_wholeName=Rorippa+palustris&output_format=normal&query_type=by_query&back_page=query_ipni.html
- The Plant List (2010). Version 1. Published on the Internet; http://www.theplantlist.org/ URL: http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2417173
- Harvard University Herbaria, Publication and Botanist databases (HUH) © 2001 - 2013 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College.
- Hooker, J. D., (1872) Flora of British India. Reprint by Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Publishers, Dehra Dun. 1: 133.
- Birgitta Bremer et. al. (2009): An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III. From Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 105-121.
- Flora of North America 'eFloras (2008). Published on the Internet http://www.efloras.org [accessed 12 April 2014]*' Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA. URL: http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=241000171
- IUCN 2013. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2013.2. . Downloaded on 18 March 2015.
- Mark W. chase and James L. Reveal (2009): A Phylogenetic classification of the land plants to accompany APG III. From Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 122-127.
- Sharma, B. D., Balakrishnan, N. P., Rao, R. R., & Hajra, P. K. (1993), Flora of India, Botanical Survey of India. Deep Printers, New Delhi. Vol. 2: 131.
- Plants For A Future. URL: http://www.pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Rorippa+palustris
- Encyclopedia of Life. Available from http://www.eol.org. Accessed 15 Jan 2014.
No Data
🐾 Taxonomy
Root | Root |
Kingdom | Plantae |
Phylum | Tracheophyta |
Class | Equisetopsida C. Agardh |
Order | Brassicales |
Family | Brassicaceae |
Genus | Rorippa |
Species | Rorippa palustris (L.) Besser |
📊 Temporal Distribution
📷 Related Observations