Plantago sempervirens Crantz (Eur.) – An exceptional alien. Few plants were discovered in 2016 on a coal mining spoil heap in Genk (Winterslag), without obvious vector of introduction. Plantago sempervirens has also been observed recently as a weed in containers with olive trees, imported from the Mediterranean area (unpublished data I. Hoste).
This species is rarely found as an alien and most records are historical (e.g., pre-1930 only in the British Isles; Clement & Foster 1994). It was also formerly recorded in the Netherlands (Kimstra-Sinnema 1965).
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Selected references:
Clement E.J. & Foster M.C. (1994) Alien plants of the British Isles. BSBI, London: XVIII + 590 p.
Kimstra-Sinnema J.G. (1965) Overzicht der in Nederland gevonden inheemse en adventieve Plantago-soorten. Gorteria 2: 129-135. [available online at: http://natuurtijdschriften.nl/search?identifier=535895]