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Echinochloa stagnina
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Family:
POACEAE/GRAMINEAE
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Citation: Echinochloa stagnina (Retz.) P. Beauv., Ess. Agrost. 53: 162. 1812; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 1777(1231). 1934; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 469. 1984; Ramach. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Cannanore Dist. 537. 1988; Antony, Syst. Stud. Fl. Kottayam Dist. 452. 1989; Sreek. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Kerala Grasses 248. 1991; Joseph, Aquatic Angiosp. Malabar 467. 1991; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 525. 1998; Sasidh., Fl. Chinnar WLS 347. 1999; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 575. 2005; Sunil & Sivadasan, Fl. Alappuzha Dist. 844. 2009; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 975. 2009.
Panicum stagninum Retz., Obs. Bot. 5: 7. 1788.
Panicum crusgalli sensu Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 7: 30. 1896, non L. 1753.
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Malayalam Name(s):
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Tamil name(s):
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English name(s):
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Description:
Annuals. Culms 20-130 cm high, erect, tufted; nodes glabrous. Leaves flat, 7-30 x 0.6-1 cm, linear-lanceolate or linear, base rounded or narrowed, apex acuminate; sheaths keeled; ligule a row of hairs. Panicles pyramidal, open; racemes 5-14, secund, each 1-5 cm long. Spikelets c. 5 mm long, ovate or elliptic, acuminate or awned, hispid. Lower glume 2-3 x 1-1.5 mm, ovate, acuminate, scabrid or pectinate. Upper glume 5-6 x 2-3 mm, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, pectinate. Lower floret male. Upper floret bisexual. First lemma 4-6 x 2-3 mm, pectinate along the nerves; awn 4-8 mm long. Stamens 3; anthers c. 2 mm long. Second lemma 4-5 x 1-2 mm, elliptic, acuminate. Palea 4-5 x 1-2 mm, elliptic, acuminate, 2-keeled. Stamens 3; anthers c. 2mm long. Ovary c. 1 mm long, oblong, stigmas violet.
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Habit:
Herb
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Flowering & Fruiting:
March-September
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District(s):
Kottayam, Alappuzha, Kollam, Idukki, Pathanamthitta, Kannur, Wayanad
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Medicinal:
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Habitat:
Marshy areas
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Distribution:
Tropical Asia and Africa
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Aquatic:
Yes
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Epiphyte(s):
No
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Saprophyte:
No
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Stem parasite:
No
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Root parasite:
No
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Flower colour(s):
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Weed:
No
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Monocot/Dicot:
Monocotyledonous Plants
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Exotic:
No
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Garden:
No
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Edible:
No
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Vegetable:
No
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Endemic to:
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IUCN status:
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Altitude:
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Localities:
Ollavayal, Thekkady, Tiruvalla, Manantody, Oachira, Champakulam, Kidangara, Nedumudy, Pallanthuruthy, Pulinkunnu, R. Block, Thottappally, Pallithode
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